八年级英语上册_形容词副词比较级和最高级用法总结_课件

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3、形容词比较级的用法:
(1)两者(A与B)进行比较,“A比B较/更……‖。 A + 谓语 + 形容词或副词的比较级 + than + B. eg: ① Tom 比 Sam 高。 Tom is taller than Sam. ② Tom 比 Sam 跑得快。 Tom runs faster than Sam. ③ 英语比数学重要。 English is more important than math. ④ Lucy 比Lily 学习好。 Lucy studies better than Lily.
Grammar:
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。
大多数形容词和副词有三个等
级:原级、比较级、最高级。
原级指形容词和副词的原形;
比较级用来表示“较……”或
“更……一些”;最高级则表
示“最……”
一、形容词和副词的原级: 1. 表示两者(A与B)在某一方面相同时用句型: A + 谓语 + as + 形容词或副词的原形 + as+ B. eg: ① Tom 和 Sam 一样高。 Tom is as tall as Sam. ② Tom 和 Sam 跑得一样快。 Tom runs as fast as Sam. ③ 英语和数学一样重要。 English is as important as math. ④ Lucy 和Lily 学习一样好。 Lucy studies as well as Lily.
2. 两者(A与B)在某一方面A不如B时用句型: A + 谓语+ not as / so + 形容词或副词的原形 + as+ B. eg: ① Tom 不如 Sam 高。 Tom is not as / so tall as Sam. ② Tom 不如 Sam 跑得快。 Tom doesn‘t run as / so fast as Sam. ③ 英语不如数学重要。 English is not as / so important as math. ④ Lucy 不如Lily 学习好。 Lucy doesn‘t study as / so well as Lily.
写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级
(1)ill/bad /badly (2) busy (3)big (4) rude (5)hot (6) easy (7)little (8) fast (9)hard
(10) many /much (11)happy (12)far (13) careful (14)good/well (15) difficult (16)small (17)quiet (18) old
wk.baidu.com
二、形容词和副词的比较级:
形容词和副词的比较级表示两个事物在进行比 较时,一者比另一者较/更……。常用句型: A + 谓语 + 形容词或副词的比较级 + than + B. eg: ① Tom 比 Sam 高。 Tom is taller than Sam. ② Tom 比 Sam 跑得快。 Tom runs faster than Sam. ③ 英语比数学重要。 English is more important than math. ④ Lucy 比Lily 学习好。 Lucy studies better than Lily.
2、不规则形容词的比较级最高级
原 级 good / well many / much little ill / bad / badly far old
比较级
better more less worse farther/further older/elder
最高级
best most least worst farthest/furthest oldest/eldest
I.用形容词的正确形式填空 best 1.Which do you like _________ (well), apples, pears or bananas? 2.I think this story is more interesting (interesting) __________________ than that one. 3.In the morning he is __________ (early). His father is early _________ (early) than he. His mother is the ____________ earliest earlier (early) of the three. longest 4.The Yellow River is the second ____________ (long) river in China. most delicious the___________ (delicious) of all the 5.He thinks his corn is food. 6.I feel math is more difficult (difficult) than Chinese. ______________
1、形容词和副词的比较级的规则变化:
①一般直接在词尾加er或 est tall —taller--tallest
light —lighter--lightest
②以字母e结尾的直接加r或st nice —nicer—nicest fine —finer—finest ③以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词,要变y为i再加er或est heavy—heavier—heaviest busy —busier--busiest ④以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的 形容词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加er或 est thin —thinner—thinnest hot —hotter—hottest
(6)The + 比较级…,the + 比较级… ―越…,就越…‖ eg:越多越好。 The more , the better. 你吃的越多,你就越胖。 The more you eat, the fatter you will become. (7)用形容词的比较级来表达最高级的概念: A+谓语+比较级+than any (other) +可数名词单数+范围。 “A是……中最……的”或“A比(其他)任何…… 都……‖ 注:当A在范围内比较时,必须加other;当 A不在范围内比较时,去掉other. eg:上海比中国其他的任何一个城市都大 Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比日本的任何一个城市都大 Shanghai is bigger than any city in Japan.
句型转换: 1. Tom is tall. Jim is short.(比较级合并) taller than Tom is _______ ______ Jim. 2. My hair is long. Mary’s hair is longer .(合并成一句) longer than Mary’s hair _______ _________ _______ mine. is 3. Pedro is thinner than Sam. (改为同义句) Sam is _______________ ________ Pedro. fatter/heavier than 4. My sister is better at study than me. She is clever. (改为同义句) more My sister is ___________ clever (聪明的) than me at study. 5. Peter is funny. Paul is funny, too. (合并成一句) as as Peter is _______ funny ________ Paul.
2、one of the+形容词最高级+cn.复数 “最……之一”。 Beijing is one of the largest cities in China. 北京是中国最大城市之一。 3、the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级 + 名词 表示“第几大/长/高……‖ The Yellow River the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。 4、Which/Who +谓语+ the +形容词或副词最高级, A ,B or C ? 表示“三者中哪一个更、最……‖ Which is the biggest , the moon, the earth or the sun ? 月球、地球和太阳哪一个更大?
(2)两者(A与B)进行比较,“A比B大/长/高……‖ A+谓语+数量词+形容词或副词的比较级+than+ B eg: Tom比Sam大两岁。 Tom is two years older than Sam. (3)两者(A与B)进行比较,“哪一个更/较……‖ Which/Who 谓语 + 比较级, A or B ? eg:数学和英语哪一科较简单? Which is easier, math or English? Tom和Sam谁跑得更快? Who runs faster, Tom or Sam?
⑤多音节词或部分双音节词的比较级和
最高级在其前面加more或most。
beautiful —more beautiful—most beautiful important—more important—most important Interesting– more interesting– most interesting quickly – more quickly – most quickly tired – more tired – most tired
(4)两者(A与B)进行比较,“其中A是两者中较…‖ A+谓语 + the +比较级 + of the two. eg:Tom is the taller of the two boys. 汤姆是这两个男孩中最高的 . (5)比较级+ and + 比较级, 表示 “越来越…‖ eg:Now it is hotter and hotter. 现在越来越热。 shorter and shorter 越来越短 longer and longer 越来越长 more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 more and more interesting越来越有趣
四、 比较级与最高级的互换 1.Jim is taller than any other boy in our class.(吉姆比我们 班上任何一个男孩都高)
= Jim is taller than the other boys in our class.(在我们班上吉姆其它的男孩高)
= Jim is the tallest in our class.(吉姆是 我们班最高的) 2. Jim is taller than any girl in our class. (吉姆比我们班的 任何一个女孩都高)
三、形容词、副词的最高级 形容词和副词的最高级常用来表示三者或三者以上 人或物的比较。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the, 而 副词的最高级前可以不加定冠词the。但是当形容词的 最高级前已经有了作定语用的形容词性的物主代词或 名词所有格时,不在加the。 1、主语+谓语+the +形容词或副词的最高级 +of/in短语。 表示“主语是……中最……的”。 ① My mother is the busiest in my family. 我妈妈是家中最忙的。 ② I jump (the) farthest in my class. 我是我们班跳得最远的。 ③Tom is the tallest of all the students. Tom是所有学生中最高的。
(9)修饰形容词原级的词: very、rather、pretty、so、quite、too ① He is too tired to walk on. 他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。 ② My brother runs so fast that I can‗t follow him. 我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。 ③ His lifestyle is quite different from mine. 他的生活方式和我的相当不同。
(8)修饰比较级的词 much(…的多)、far (…的多)、 a lot(…的多)、even(更…)、still(仍然)、 any (任何) a bit(…一点儿) a little (…一点儿) eg: ① This city is much more beautiful than that one.这座城市比那座城市漂亮的多。 ② Today is even hotter than yesterday. ③ She drives still more carefully than her husband. 她开车仍然比她丈夫认真。
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