名词性从句专项讲练

名词性从句精讲精练

英语从句可以分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三大类。主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的充当的成分和其名称相同，分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。上述这四种从句均被称为名词性从句。所有的名词性从句均不能用逗号分开，并且它们都用相同的关联词，关联词如下：

①主从连词：that (无意义), whether (是否), if (是否)（在句子中不充当任何成分）

②连接代词：who (谁), whom (谁), whose (谁的), what (什么), which (哪一个)

③连接副词：when (什么时候), where (什么地方), how (怎样), why (为什么)

主从连词只起连接作用，连接代词和连接副词除了起连接作用外，还充当从句某一个成分。另外，可以用whatever, whichever, whoever, who(m)ever等连接代词引导名词性从句，来加强语气。

一、主语从句（subject clause）

在主句中用作主语的主谓结构称之为主语从句。例如：

That he will come to the discussion is certain.

That the moon moves round the earth is well known to all of us.

When the meeting is to be held has not yet been decided.

What they are after is profit.

Whether she will join us w on’t make too much difference.

注意：主语从句放在句首，句子常常显得比较笨重，因此通常可以把it放在句首，作形式主语，而将主语从句放在后面。例如上面的句子可以分别改写为：

That the moon moves round the earth is well known to all of us.

＝_______________________________________________________________

Whether she will join us w on’t make too much difference.

=__________________________________________________________________

（一）单项选择

1. ________ is to dance.

A. That interests Mary really

B. Which really interests Mary.

C. What really interests Mary

D. What really interest Mary

2. ________ you have seen things like these before doesn't matter.

A. If

B. Whether

C. What

D. When

3. It is well known _________ a person eats causes changes in the body.

A. that what, when, and how

B. that

C. what

D. how

4. ________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.

A. Anyone

B. The person

C. Whoever

D. Who

5. ____ you don't like him is none of my business.

A. What

B. Who

C. That

D. Whether

（二）完成句子

1. 他仍然活着纯属运气。( alive )

____________________________is sheer luck.

2. 我们明天是否能去野营取决于天气。( go )

_______________________________________ _depends on the weather.

3. 我们得不到的似乎比已拥有的看起来更好。( get )

_________________________________ seems better than we have.

二、表语从句（predicative clause）

在主句中担当表语的主谓结构称之为表语从句。例如：

One idea is that fish is the best brain food.

My question is how information is stored in the long-term memory.

That is what he really wants.

It seems that everything goes smoothly.

（一）单项选择

1. The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. such

2. That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.

A. what

B. where

C. that

D. why

3. That is _______ he likes the place so much.

A. that

B. what

C. why

D. how

4. It looks _______ it were going to rain.

A. even if

B. as if

C. even though

D. like

5. The problem is ________will go to the meeting.

A. why

B. when

C. what

D. who

（二）完成句子

1.问题是我们能在哪里举行会试。(hold)

The problem is _______________________________________.

2.他真正的意思是他不同意我们的观点。(disagree)

What he really means is ____________________________________________________.

3.这个城市不再是过去的样子。(used)

This city is no longer ___________________________________________.

三、宾语从句（object clause）

在主句中作谓语动词、介词及非谓语动词的宾语的主谓结构称之为宾语从句。注意：在引导宾语从句时，从属连词that在口语中和非正式文本中常省略。

（1）动词后的宾语从句

We know that a parrot can’t really speak.

He wants to tell us what he thinks.

Up to now we can’t say whether his theory can stan d the test.

A little observation will show how the temperature changes.

Knowing that it was going to rain, they decided to work inside the house.

（2）介词后的宾语从句

He laughed at what they said.