跨文化交际案例分析PPT课件
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跨文化交际PPT演示课件
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3. Space and Distance
3.1 Proxemics 3.2 Attitudes Toward Crowding
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3.1 Proxemics
✓ Definition: the study of people’s perception and use of space.
✓ Four categories: intimate, personal, social, and public distance.
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Categories of Distance (cont’d)
• Social Distance (1.3-3m) - colleagues, business partners, people at social gatherings
• Public Distance (beyond 3m) - speaking in public
- direct intrusion into others’ affairs • Shrugging shoulders
- indifferent, powerless, having no secret to conceal
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Postures (cont’d)
• Follow one’s natural habits so often go unnoticed (subconscious in nature)
• May damage your image if you neglect your postures
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2.4 Eye Contact
Direct eye contact • Chinese: avoid • North Americans: appreciate • The British: avoid
3. Space and Distance
3.1 Proxemics 3.2 Attitudes Toward Crowding
24
3.1 Proxemics
✓ Definition: the study of people’s perception and use of space.
✓ Four categories: intimate, personal, social, and public distance.
26
Categories of Distance (cont’d)
• Social Distance (1.3-3m) - colleagues, business partners, people at social gatherings
• Public Distance (beyond 3m) - speaking in public
- direct intrusion into others’ affairs • Shrugging shoulders
- indifferent, powerless, having no secret to conceal
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Postures (cont’d)
• Follow one’s natural habits so often go unnoticed (subconscious in nature)
• May damage your image if you neglect your postures
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2.4 Eye Contact
Direct eye contact • Chinese: avoid • North Americans: appreciate • The British: avoid
跨文化交际ppt
Three special questions:
1） What is intercultural communication ?
2）Why 3)
should we study this course?
How should we study this course?
1） What is intercultural communication ?
2) Why should we study this course?
To
improve the efficiency of interpersonal communication in the global era To find the new characteristics and principles of interpersonal communication
Case 1
Kathy and David, a couple from the US, signed a oneyear contract to work in China. Both were extroverted and soon made some Chinese friends. Before long, people started calling them at home. David was sometimes away on business trips for a few days, and if someone looked for him, Kathy often would find the conversation awkward. “Where did he go?” The caller typically would ask. “Can I pass on any message?” Kathy asked politely, trying to avoid the question. “Is he out of town?” The caller was usually very persistent. “Yes, can I help you in any way?” Kathy tried to be polite, but she could not help feeling uncomfortable.
跨文化交际—中德差异课件
工作节奏
德国文化中工作节奏较快，强调高效率和快节奏的工作方式。在 中国文化中，工作节奏相对较慢，更注重稳定和持久的工作关系。
工作和生活的平衡
德国文化中更注重工作和生活的平衡，鼓励员工追求个人生活和 兴趣爱好。在中国文化中，工作通常更为重要，个人生活常常需
要为工作让步。
05
CATALOGUE
跨文化冲突与解决
03
语言障碍与误解
由于语言和文化差异的存在，跨文化交际中可能会出现语言障碍和误解。
为了减少误解和冲突，需要加强文化交流和语言学习，并尊重彼此的文
化差异。
03
CATALOGUE
社交习惯
社交场合
家庭聚会
在中国，家庭聚会通常由长辈主持，晚辈尊重长辈，积极 参与家务活动。在德国，家庭聚会更注重个人空间的独立， 晚辈可能不会参与家务活动。
间和独立性。
04
CATALOGUE
价值观差异
个人与集体
个人主义与集体主义
在德国文化中，个人主义被高度重视，强调个人的权利和自由。而在中国文化中，集体主 义更为重要，个人的利益通常要服从于集体或组织的利益。
独立思考与权威服从
德国文化鼓励独立思考和批判性思维，不轻易接受权威的观点。而在中国文化中，尊重权 威和传统是重要的价值观念。
直接与含蓄
中国人在交往中通常比较含蓄， 表达方式较为间接，而德国人则
更加直接和坦率。
情感表达
中国人在交往中比较注重情感控制， 不太轻易表露个人情感，而德国人 则更加开放和直率地表达情感。
决策方式
中国人在交往中通常采用集体决策 方式，强调协商和共识，而德国人 则更加注重个人独立思考和决策。
礼节与礼貌
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CATALOGUE
德国文化中工作节奏较快，强调高效率和快节奏的工作方式。在 中国文化中，工作节奏相对较慢，更注重稳定和持久的工作关系。
工作和生活的平衡
德国文化中更注重工作和生活的平衡，鼓励员工追求个人生活和 兴趣爱好。在中国文化中，工作通常更为重要，个人生活常常需
要为工作让步。
05
CATALOGUE
跨文化冲突与解决
03
语言障碍与误解
由于语言和文化差异的存在，跨文化交际中可能会出现语言障碍和误解。
为了减少误解和冲突，需要加强文化交流和语言学习，并尊重彼此的文
化差异。
03
CATALOGUE
社交习惯
社交场合
家庭聚会
在中国，家庭聚会通常由长辈主持，晚辈尊重长辈，积极 参与家务活动。在德国，家庭聚会更注重个人空间的独立， 晚辈可能不会参与家务活动。
间和独立性。
04
CATALOGUE
价值观差异
个人与集体
个人主义与集体主义
在德国文化中，个人主义被高度重视，强调个人的权利和自由。而在中国文化中，集体主 义更为重要，个人的利益通常要服从于集体或组织的利益。
独立思考与权威服从
德国文化鼓励独立思考和批判性思维，不轻易接受权威的观点。而在中国文化中，尊重权 威和传统是重要的价值观念。
直接与含蓄
中国人在交往中通常比较含蓄， 表达方式较为间接，而德国人则
更加直接和坦率。
情感表达
中国人在交往中比较注重情感控制， 不太轻易表露个人情感，而德国人 则更加开放和直率地表达情感。
决策方式
中国人在交往中通常采用集体决策 方式，强调协商和共识，而德国人 则更加注重个人独立思考和决策。
礼节与礼貌
02
CATALOGUE
跨文化交际PPT演示文稿
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第4页，共21页。
euphoria 过度兴奋的情绪
utopia 乌托邦（理想中最完美的地方） ecstasy 狂喜
fantasy 幻想，空想 pervade 蔓延，渗透
scoff at 嘲弄 national 国民
outburst 突发，爆发
expatriate 侨民
vertigo
眩晕
snapshot 快照，快拍
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第10页，共21页。
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第11页，共21页。
Four phases of cultural adaptation
Predeparture Stage Before entering the host cultrue, you feel
excited and face the future with optimism. Stage one: everything is beautiful
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第13页，共21页。
Comprehension question
Question 1: What are the terms that can be applied to the
concept of “culture shock”?
Terms that can be applied to theconcept of―culture shock are culture stress, adaptation, transition shock, adjustment, socialization, and so on.
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第19页，共21页。
Question 7:
What do you think of the author‟s suggestion of using the native language to compliment people inthe host culture?
跨文化国际交流案例分析PPT课件
also not explain to the hosts why they are sad and
what are their taboos.
Finally，The Inner Mongolia company didn't do a
w202e0/1l/l3 reserch on Indian culture. Moreover,
Second, Chinese hosts shoudn't prepare a
2020w/1/3hole
4
Explainations
Third, Chinese take them to local mental hospital
without obtainning Indian agreements, but Indian
company. From this case, we must learn from
that: respect cultural differences, avoid offend
some taboos, more communication with2源自20/1/39each
2020/1/3
10
Hindu, cattle has an great importance on their
heart and they regard it as God. Eating cattle is
their taboo. However, Inner Mogolia mainly eatting cattle and sheep.
2020/1/3
11
2020/1/3
7
Solutions
• For Indian Businessmen：When they come
what are their taboos.
Finally，The Inner Mongolia company didn't do a
w202e0/1l/l3 reserch on Indian culture. Moreover,
Second, Chinese hosts shoudn't prepare a
2020w/1/3hole
4
Explainations
Third, Chinese take them to local mental hospital
without obtainning Indian agreements, but Indian
company. From this case, we must learn from
that: respect cultural differences, avoid offend
some taboos, more communication with2源自20/1/39each
2020/1/3
10
Hindu, cattle has an great importance on their
heart and they regard it as God. Eating cattle is
their taboo. However, Inner Mogolia mainly eatting cattle and sheep.
2020/1/3
11
2020/1/3
7
Solutions
• For Indian Businessmen：When they come
大学英语跨文化交际案例分析课堂PPT演示样本
Case Three: Cultural Misunderstandings in International Tourism
• Summary: Cultural Misunderstandings in International Tourism
Case Three: Cultural Misunderstandings in International Tourism
• Detailed description • Catering habits: ts from different cultural backgrounds may have
different dining habits and preferences. For example, some cultures may prefer spicy food, while others may place more emphasis on a light and healthy diet. • Etiquette and Customs: During the tourism process, tourists need to understand and abide by local etiquette and customs. For example, in some cultures, touching someone's head or using the left hand is considered impolite and disrespectful behavior. • Language expression: In cross-cultural communication, differences in language expression may lead to misunderstandings and conflicts. For example, some languages may have specific expressions or implicit meanings, which may lead to communication barriers if not understood.
跨文化交际案例分析PPT课件
•7
People from collectivistic culture view conflict as ultimately destructive for relationships, thinking that when members disagree they should adhere to the consensus of the group rather then engage in conflict. In culture like these, silence and avoidance may be used to manage conflict.
•2
“If you don’t acknowledge the problems”, he complained to one of the managers, “how do you expect to be able to solve them?” And then to further exasperate him, just today when a problem was finally brought to his attention, it was not mentioned until the end of the workday when there was no time left to solve it.
•8
Combine the theory with the
case
Thus, in this case, Koreans tried their best to take the peacemaking approach to de-escalate conflicts, so that harmony between members would be maintained as long as possible. However, Jim, from individualistic culture, considered it strange that his Korean colleagues would rather hide the problems to the last moment than solve the conflicts. In his view, suspending the conflicts wouldn’t release tensions and solidify the relationship but to potentially destruct the relationship.
People from collectivistic culture view conflict as ultimately destructive for relationships, thinking that when members disagree they should adhere to the consensus of the group rather then engage in conflict. In culture like these, silence and avoidance may be used to manage conflict.
•2
“If you don’t acknowledge the problems”, he complained to one of the managers, “how do you expect to be able to solve them?” And then to further exasperate him, just today when a problem was finally brought to his attention, it was not mentioned until the end of the workday when there was no time left to solve it.
•8
Combine the theory with the
case
Thus, in this case, Koreans tried their best to take the peacemaking approach to de-escalate conflicts, so that harmony between members would be maintained as long as possible. However, Jim, from individualistic culture, considered it strange that his Korean colleagues would rather hide the problems to the last moment than solve the conflicts. In his view, suspending the conflicts wouldn’t release tensions and solidify the relationship but to potentially destruct the relationship.
跨文化交际与跨文化交际学PPT课件
③ 王福祥、吴汉樱编，《文化与语言》(外语教 学与研究出版社,1994)。
.
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2）90年代中期以后
出版学术专著 发表相关论文 召开学术研讨会
1995年8月，中国跨文化交际研究会在哈
尔滨成立，此后，每两年召开一次全国性 会议。
.
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学术专著
关世杰：《跨文化交流学》(北京大学出版社,1995)
第二讲 跨文化交际与跨文化交际学
.
1
一、跨文化交际(intercultural communication)
（一）交际的过程和类型
行为源
编码，形成信息，通过渠道
解码，反应，通过渠道反馈
反应者
交际是一个（或多个人）对另一个人（或 多个人）的行为或行为遗迹作出了反应。
.
2
交际的类型
划分标准
交际类型
格林教授和夫人鞠躬 敬请赐复。
.
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Invitation
Director of the Institute of Atomic Energy requests the pleasure of the company of
Mr. and Mrs. Dickens at a dinner party
in honor of Mr. Liu Wenling senior engineer of the Institute of Atomic Energy
.
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一些不宜用“姓＋职务”表示的词
中国文化中称呼“姓＋职务”这种类型的，有 些翻译成英文不宜直译，如主任、局长、科长、 老师等。
对于教师的称呼很多，主要有三种： Sir./Ms.；
Mr./Ms.＋姓；直呼其名。 不能是“姓＋teacher”，也不能是直呼别人
跨文化交际(4组)PPT课件
.
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• 习语的凝固性
• 又称为习语的固 • 不能把
定性，与中国汉 语的成语一样，
• rain cats and dogs (倾盆大雨)
它的词、形式、 结构都是固定的， 不能被更改、替 换。例如：
•
改成
rains dogs cats或
and
• rain a cat and a
dog 等形式。
.
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上想到他性格豪爽，脾气暴躁的形象，“林
黛玉”英语中也有就代表弱不禁风，多头善
感的形象。但在西方文化中就仅仅是个人名。
在英语中，也有一些出自文学作品和历史事
件的人名或地名，具有其独有的特殊内涵意
义，如Cinderella(指不受重视的人或部门，
或指有才干但一时未受赏识的人)，Shylock
（指心肠狠毒、唯利是图的小人），地名
数字13：在西方文化中，普遍被认为是不吉祥的数字。但 在我国传统文化中，不具有这些内涵意义。
数字9：在中国传统文化中，就是历代君王都推崇的数字， 皇帝穿九龙袍，京城建九个城门，宫殿的台阶也是九层或 九的倍数。但在英语中nine却. 没有这样的文化内涵。 10
中国古代的文学作品中许多专有名词具有丰
富的文化内涵，比如人们一说“张飞”就马
.
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习语
naked truth
kill the goose that laid the golden eggs
sour grapes bell the cat
cat’ paw
意义
原原本本的事实， 赤裸裸的事实 杀鸡取卵 涸泽而鱼
聊以自慰的话 替别人冒风险 被别人利用的人
the lion’s share .
跨文化交际案例分析演示课件
Case study
More exercises
1
Case 1
Jim Ellis, vice president of a North Carolina knitwear manufacturer, was sent by his company to observe firsthand how operations were proceeding in their Korean plant and to help institute some new managerial procedures. Before any changes could be made, however, Jim wanted to learn as much as possible about the problems that existed at the plant.
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Cultural Analysis
High-context/ low-context culture Individualistic/ collectivistic culture Attitude towards bad news
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Cultural analysis
In individualistic culture, they view conflict as fundamentally a good thing. Working through conflict can gain new information about members, defuse more serious conflict, and increase group cohesiveness. Individuals should be encouraged to think of creative, even farreaching solutions to conflicts. There is also value in direct confrontation, recognizing conflict and working through it in an open, productive way.
More exercises
1
Case 1
Jim Ellis, vice president of a North Carolina knitwear manufacturer, was sent by his company to observe firsthand how operations were proceeding in their Korean plant and to help institute some new managerial procedures. Before any changes could be made, however, Jim wanted to learn as much as possible about the problems that existed at the plant.
6
Cultural Analysis
High-context/ low-context culture Individualistic/ collectivistic culture Attitude towards bad news
7
Cultural analysis
In individualistic culture, they view conflict as fundamentally a good thing. Working through conflict can gain new information about members, defuse more serious conflict, and increase group cohesiveness. Individuals should be encouraged to think of creative, even farreaching solutions to conflicts. There is also value in direct confrontation, recognizing conflict and working through it in an open, productive way.
跨文化交际ppt-
6.2烹饪方式的不同 7、总结
1、摘要
随着中国对外开放程度的逐渐深入，美国的社会文化越来 越多的映入我们的眼帘，其中餐饮由于地域特征、气候环境、 风俗习惯等因素的影响，会出现在原料、口味、烹调方法、 饮食习惯上的不同程度的差异，正是因为这样的差异，餐饮 产品具有了强烈的地域性。中美文化之间的差异造就了中美 饮食文化的差异，而这种差异来自中美不同的思维方式和处 世哲学，中国人注重“天人合一”，美国人注重“以人为 本”。
6.1、烹饪准则的不同
中美烹饪中处处显示的“随意”与
“规范”也体现了其饮食文化的不同。 美国人强调科学与营养,因此其烹制过 程体现了科学性和规范性。在烹制过 程中,美国人会完全依照菜谱,为了达到 准确无误,他们甚至会动用天平、液体 量杯、刻度锅等。因此美国人制作菜 肴往往比较机械,缺乏新意,毫无特色可 言。相反,中国烹饪却崇尚随意性。中 国烹饪中,不仅讲究各大菜系要有各自 的风味与特色,也还讲求各大菜系之间 交叉融合。同一道菜,由于地区、季节、 对象、作用、等级的不同,在操作上可 作不同的处理,从而其色、香、味变化 多端。如果离开了随意性,变化多端的 中国菜肴,就会失去其独特魅力。
Байду номын сангаас 1、摘要
2、前言
3、饮食观念的不同 3.1饮食的侧重点不同 3.2饮食的性质不同 4、饮食习惯的不同 4.1进餐的气氛不同 4.2肉食的饮用方式不同 4.3餐具使用的不同 4.4餐后习惯的不同 5、饮食结构的不同 5.1自然条件的不同 5.2生活方式的不同 6、饮食制作的不同 6.1烹饪准则的不同
3.1、饮食的侧重点不同
由于中美哲学思想的不同，美国人于饮食重科学。重科学 即讲究营养。故美国饮食以营养为最高标准。特别讲求食物 的营养成分，蛋白质，脂肪，碳水化合物，维生素及各类无 机元素是否搭配合理，热量供给是否恰到好处以及这些营养 成分是否能为进食者充分吸收。而中国更加关注菜肴的色、 香、味。中国的五味调和的烹饪术皆在追求美味，其加工过 程中的热油炸和长时间的文火攻，都会使菜肴的营养成分被 破坏。
1、摘要
随着中国对外开放程度的逐渐深入，美国的社会文化越来 越多的映入我们的眼帘，其中餐饮由于地域特征、气候环境、 风俗习惯等因素的影响，会出现在原料、口味、烹调方法、 饮食习惯上的不同程度的差异，正是因为这样的差异，餐饮 产品具有了强烈的地域性。中美文化之间的差异造就了中美 饮食文化的差异，而这种差异来自中美不同的思维方式和处 世哲学，中国人注重“天人合一”，美国人注重“以人为 本”。
6.1、烹饪准则的不同
中美烹饪中处处显示的“随意”与
“规范”也体现了其饮食文化的不同。 美国人强调科学与营养,因此其烹制过 程体现了科学性和规范性。在烹制过 程中,美国人会完全依照菜谱,为了达到 准确无误,他们甚至会动用天平、液体 量杯、刻度锅等。因此美国人制作菜 肴往往比较机械,缺乏新意,毫无特色可 言。相反,中国烹饪却崇尚随意性。中 国烹饪中,不仅讲究各大菜系要有各自 的风味与特色,也还讲求各大菜系之间 交叉融合。同一道菜,由于地区、季节、 对象、作用、等级的不同,在操作上可 作不同的处理,从而其色、香、味变化 多端。如果离开了随意性,变化多端的 中国菜肴,就会失去其独特魅力。
Байду номын сангаас 1、摘要
2、前言
3、饮食观念的不同 3.1饮食的侧重点不同 3.2饮食的性质不同 4、饮食习惯的不同 4.1进餐的气氛不同 4.2肉食的饮用方式不同 4.3餐具使用的不同 4.4餐后习惯的不同 5、饮食结构的不同 5.1自然条件的不同 5.2生活方式的不同 6、饮食制作的不同 6.1烹饪准则的不同
3.1、饮食的侧重点不同
由于中美哲学思想的不同，美国人于饮食重科学。重科学 即讲究营养。故美国饮食以营养为最高标准。特别讲求食物 的营养成分，蛋白质，脂肪，碳水化合物，维生素及各类无 机元素是否搭配合理，热量供给是否恰到好处以及这些营养 成分是否能为进食者充分吸收。而中国更加关注菜肴的色、 香、味。中国的五味调和的烹饪术皆在追求美味，其加工过 程中的热油炸和长时间的文火攻，都会使菜肴的营养成分被 破坏。
跨文化交际ppt课件
具体来说，语言障碍主要包括以下两个方面：
1. 非母语交际者的语言障碍：在跨文化交际中，很多人会面临非 母语交际的挑战。这意味着他们需要面对不同的语言、词汇、语 法、发音等问题，这些因素都可能导致语言障碍。因此，为了解 决这个问题，非母语交际者需要不断地学习和提高语言技能，例 如多听多说多读多写、学习俚语、口音和文化知识等。
文化背景对交流的影响
1. 社交礼仪：不同文化背景下的社交礼仪和行为表达方式差异很大，比如西方人讲话时习惯用手势， 而中国人可能会觉得这些动作过多、不正式；日本和韩国的传统礼仪非常注重面子和尊重，对年长 者和上级的行为尤其要恭敬，但在一些西方国家这种表现可能会被认为是过分客气、不自然。 2. 措辞与语言：文化背景不同导致措辞和语言上的差异，比如英语国家对于语言的直白、幽默和轻 松比较开放，但亚洲国家则有很多文化忌讳和语言禁忌。此外，各种语言还存在文化背景的色彩， 比如英语国家里有很多表达自由、独立和个性价值的词汇，而在中国社会里则强化集体荣誉和群体 意识，这导致交流中很容易出现歧义和误解。
Cultural Diversity and Globalization Trends
文化差异与交流挑战
1. 语言障碍。不同国家和地区的人口使用的语言和方言不同，即使使用相同 的语言，口音、语速、词汇和用法都可能存在差异，这可能导致交流上的困 难和误解。此外，不同语言和文化中的说法、俚语、谚语等也会导致交流上 的难点。
文化差异 
文化差异是跨文化交际中最重要的挑战之一。其中，语言差异是最为明显、 也最为普遍的一种。在进行跨文化交际时，人们很容易会遇到词汇和语法不 同、口音和语调不同等问题，这需要交际双方进行有效的沟通和理解，学会 互相尊重和包容对方的语言特点，以达到有效的交流目的。
1. 非母语交际者的语言障碍：在跨文化交际中，很多人会面临非 母语交际的挑战。这意味着他们需要面对不同的语言、词汇、语 法、发音等问题，这些因素都可能导致语言障碍。因此，为了解 决这个问题，非母语交际者需要不断地学习和提高语言技能，例 如多听多说多读多写、学习俚语、口音和文化知识等。
文化背景对交流的影响
1. 社交礼仪：不同文化背景下的社交礼仪和行为表达方式差异很大，比如西方人讲话时习惯用手势， 而中国人可能会觉得这些动作过多、不正式；日本和韩国的传统礼仪非常注重面子和尊重，对年长 者和上级的行为尤其要恭敬，但在一些西方国家这种表现可能会被认为是过分客气、不自然。 2. 措辞与语言：文化背景不同导致措辞和语言上的差异，比如英语国家对于语言的直白、幽默和轻 松比较开放，但亚洲国家则有很多文化忌讳和语言禁忌。此外，各种语言还存在文化背景的色彩， 比如英语国家里有很多表达自由、独立和个性价值的词汇，而在中国社会里则强化集体荣誉和群体 意识，这导致交流中很容易出现歧义和误解。
Cultural Diversity and Globalization Trends
文化差异与交流挑战
1. 语言障碍。不同国家和地区的人口使用的语言和方言不同，即使使用相同 的语言，口音、语速、词汇和用法都可能存在差异，这可能导致交流上的困 难和误解。此外，不同语言和文化中的说法、俚语、谚语等也会导致交流上 的难点。
文化差异 
文化差异是跨文化交际中最重要的挑战之一。其中，语言差异是最为明显、 也最为普遍的一种。在进行跨文化交际时，人们很容易会遇到词汇和语法不 同、口音和语调不同等问题，这需要交际双方进行有效的沟通和理解，学会 互相尊重和包容对方的语言特点，以达到有效的交流目的。
跨文化交际案例分析PPT课件
.
6
Cultural Analysis
High-context/ low-context culture Individualistic/ collectivistic culture Attitude towards bad news
.
7
Cultural analysis
In individualistic culture, they view conflict as fundamentally a good thing. Working through conflict can gain new information about members, defuse more serious conflict, and increase group cohesiveness. Individuals should be encouraged to think of creative, even farreaching solutions to conflicts. There is also value in direct confrontation, recognizing conflict and working through it in an open, productive way.
2
.
During his first week he was met with bows, polite smiles, and the continual denial of any significant problems. But Jim was enough of a realist to know that he had never heard of any manufacturing operation that didn’t have some problems. So after some research, he uncovered a number of problems that the local manager and staff were not acknowledging. None of the problems were particularly unusual or difficult to solve, but Jim was frustrated that no one would admit that any problems existed.
第五章跨文化沟通与交流PPT课件
28
（ 1）目光接触 ①倾听时的眼神行为与发言时的眼神行为。很多研究己经
表明，在发言和倾听的过程中，眼神行为可能是不一样的。 即使人们生活在同一地理区域之中，这种差异在文化内部 也会产生。
欧裔美国人在发言的时候，通常不会保持直接的、不变 的目光接触，他们宁愿更趋向于在说话的时候，把脸扭转 过去，仅仅偶尔回头扫一眼，以便确认与听者的眼神接触; 但是，当他们在倾听的时候，通常都会保持直接的、不变 的目光接触;也就是说。欧裔美国人通常受到的教育是听 众一定要专注地看着发言者。当其他人不能维持"正确的" 目光接触的时候，大部分欧裔美国人都会感到恼火。 非裔美国人文化 研究还表明，非裔美国人在倾听、发 言的时候所表现出来的眼神行为和欧裔美国人的表现是不 同的。例如，非裔美国人在说话时眼神通常是专注于听者 的;然而，在倾听他人时，非裔美国人会低头或转过头去。
1
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前言
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2
大副对船长说:"我对他们几个不同国家 的人说了不同的话:
我对英国人说，这是一件很有绅士风度的 事;
我对德国人说，这是命令; 我对法国人说，这是一件很浪漫的事; 我对美国人说，你是被保了险的。"
27
2、非□头语言沟通的跨文化差异
在进行跨文化沟通的时候，成功的关 键就在于是否理解非言语沟通。非言语沟 通是指不通过语言而传达出意思的沟通。
据研究者估计，在全部沟通中，有85都 是非言语沟通;而在各种不同的文化中，这 种沟通类型的重要性也是极不相同的。
非言语沟通包括目光接触、面部表情、手 势、身体空间的利用以及沉默。
（ 1）目光接触 ①倾听时的眼神行为与发言时的眼神行为。很多研究己经
表明，在发言和倾听的过程中，眼神行为可能是不一样的。 即使人们生活在同一地理区域之中，这种差异在文化内部 也会产生。
欧裔美国人在发言的时候，通常不会保持直接的、不变 的目光接触，他们宁愿更趋向于在说话的时候，把脸扭转 过去，仅仅偶尔回头扫一眼，以便确认与听者的眼神接触; 但是，当他们在倾听的时候，通常都会保持直接的、不变 的目光接触;也就是说。欧裔美国人通常受到的教育是听 众一定要专注地看着发言者。当其他人不能维持"正确的" 目光接触的时候，大部分欧裔美国人都会感到恼火。 非裔美国人文化 研究还表明，非裔美国人在倾听、发 言的时候所表现出来的眼神行为和欧裔美国人的表现是不 同的。例如，非裔美国人在说话时眼神通常是专注于听者 的;然而，在倾听他人时，非裔美国人会低头或转过头去。
1
标题添加
点击此处输入相 关文本内容
前言
点击此处输入 相关文本内容
标题添加
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点击此处输入 相关文本内容
2
大副对船长说:"我对他们几个不同国家 的人说了不同的话:
我对英国人说，这是一件很有绅士风度的 事;
我对德国人说，这是命令; 我对法国人说，这是一件很浪漫的事; 我对美国人说，你是被保了险的。"
27
2、非□头语言沟通的跨文化差异
在进行跨文化沟通的时候，成功的关 键就在于是否理解非言语沟通。非言语沟 通是指不通过语言而传达出意思的沟通。
据研究者估计，在全部沟通中，有85都 是非言语沟通;而在各种不同的文化中，这 种沟通类型的重要性也是极不相同的。
非言语沟通包括目光接触、面部表情、手 势、身体空间的利用以及沉默。
跨文化交际案例分析[优质ppt]
![跨文化交际案例分析[优质ppt]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/65a044773b3567ec112d8a13.png)
Case study
• Typical sections:
– case summary – Cultural reasons – alternatives – conclusion
Suggested answer
Case summary
Jim was sent to Korean plant to help people there with some new managerial procedures, though Jim was welcomed with great hospitality, only to find that his Korean colleagues tried to avoid acknowledging any significant problems, let alone solving them. Jim couldn’t understand the way that Korean solved the problem. To his exasperation, a problem was mentioned when there was no time left to solve it.
During his first week he was met with bows, polite smiles, and the continual denial of any significant problems. But Jim was enough of a realist to know that he had never heard of any manufacturing operation that didn’t have some problems. So after some research, he uncovered a number of problems that the local manager and staff were not acknowledging. None of the problems were particularly unusual or difficult to solve, but Jim was frustrated that no one would admit that any problems existed.
迷失东京跨文化课件
总结跨文化交际的要点与经验
01
02
03
04
跨文化交际的经验
提前准备：了解对方的文化背 景、习俗和价值观等信息，为
顺利交流做好准备。
主动沟通：积极与对方建立联 系，表达自己的想法和感受，
促进相互理解。
保持开放心态：接受并适应不 同的文化环境，避免文化偏见
和刻板印象。
Hale Waihona Puke 对未来跨文化交际的展望与建议
01
人道援助
在发生自然灾害或其他紧急情况时，来自不同国家的救援队伍因为文化差异和语言障碍， 面临着协调和协作的挑战。通过跨文化交际和合作，各方实现了资源的有效整合和援助的 高效实施。
06
总结与展望
总结跨文化交际的要点与经验
• 跨文化交际的定义和重要性：跨文化交际是指不同文化背景的 人们之间的交流和沟通，是全球化时代的必然要求。通过跨文 化交际，可以促进文化交流、增进相互理解、推动全球一体化 。
跨文化交际的定义与重要性
重要性
增强文化理解与尊重：通过了解 不同文化背景的价值观、信仰、 习俗等，可以增强对其他文化的 理解与尊重，减少误解和冲突。
定义：跨文化交际是指不同文化 背景的人们之间的交流与合作。
促进国际交流与合作：跨文化交 际是国际交流与合作的基础，有 助于建立良好的人际关系，促进 共同发展。
文化尊重
一个日本学生在美国生活时，因为文化差异和语言障碍感 到孤独和困惑。但通过尊重当地文化和习俗，他逐渐融入 了美国社会。
企业跨文化交际案例
01
跨国合作
一家中国公司和一家日本公司合作开展业务。由于文化差异和沟通障碍
，项目一度陷入困境。双方经过共同努力，建立了跨文化沟通机制，最
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4
Case study
• Typical sections:
– case summary – Cultural reasons – alternatives – conclusion
5
Suggested answer
Case summary
Jim was sent to Korean plant to help people there with some new managerial procedures, though Jim was welcomed with great hospitality, only to find that his Korean colleagues tried to avoid acknowledging any significant problems, let alone solving them. Jim couldn’t understand the way that Korean solved the problem. To his exasperation, a problem was mentioned when there was no time left to solve it.
Case study
More exercises
1
Hale Waihona Puke ase 1Jim Ellis, vice president of a North Carolina knitwear manufacturer, was sent by his company to observe firsthand how operations were proceeding in their Korean plant and to help institute some new managerial procedures. Before any changes could be made, however, Jim wanted to learn as much as possible about the problems that existed at the plant.
6
Cultural Analysis
High-context/ low-context culture Individualistic/ collectivistic culture Attitude towards bad news
7
Cultural analysis
In individualistic culture, they view conflict as fundamentally a good thing. Working through conflict can gain new information about members, defuse more serious conflict, and increase group cohesiveness. Individuals should be encouraged to think of creative, even farreaching solutions to conflicts. There is also value in direct confrontation, recognizing conflict and working through it in an open, productive way.
2
During his first week he was met with bows, polite smiles, and the continual denial of any significant problems. But Jim was enough of a realist to know that he had never heard of any manufacturing operation that didn’t have some problems. So after some research, he uncovered a number of problems that the local manager and staff were not acknowledging. None of the problems were particularly unusual or difficult to solve, but Jim was frustrated that no one would admit that any problems existed.
3
“If you don’t acknowledge the problems”, he complained to one of the managers, “how do you expect to be able to solve them?” And then to further exasperate him, just today when a problem was finally brought to his attention, it was not mentioned until the end of the workday when there was no time left to solve it.
8
People from collectivistic culture view conflict as ultimately destructive for relationships, thinking that when members disagree they should adhere to the consensus of the group rather then engage in conflict. In culture like these, silence and avoidance may be used to manage conflict.
Case study
• Typical sections:
– case summary – Cultural reasons – alternatives – conclusion
5
Suggested answer
Case summary
Jim was sent to Korean plant to help people there with some new managerial procedures, though Jim was welcomed with great hospitality, only to find that his Korean colleagues tried to avoid acknowledging any significant problems, let alone solving them. Jim couldn’t understand the way that Korean solved the problem. To his exasperation, a problem was mentioned when there was no time left to solve it.
Case study
More exercises
1
Hale Waihona Puke ase 1Jim Ellis, vice president of a North Carolina knitwear manufacturer, was sent by his company to observe firsthand how operations were proceeding in their Korean plant and to help institute some new managerial procedures. Before any changes could be made, however, Jim wanted to learn as much as possible about the problems that existed at the plant.
6
Cultural Analysis
High-context/ low-context culture Individualistic/ collectivistic culture Attitude towards bad news
7
Cultural analysis
In individualistic culture, they view conflict as fundamentally a good thing. Working through conflict can gain new information about members, defuse more serious conflict, and increase group cohesiveness. Individuals should be encouraged to think of creative, even farreaching solutions to conflicts. There is also value in direct confrontation, recognizing conflict and working through it in an open, productive way.
2
During his first week he was met with bows, polite smiles, and the continual denial of any significant problems. But Jim was enough of a realist to know that he had never heard of any manufacturing operation that didn’t have some problems. So after some research, he uncovered a number of problems that the local manager and staff were not acknowledging. None of the problems were particularly unusual or difficult to solve, but Jim was frustrated that no one would admit that any problems existed.
3
“If you don’t acknowledge the problems”, he complained to one of the managers, “how do you expect to be able to solve them?” And then to further exasperate him, just today when a problem was finally brought to his attention, it was not mentioned until the end of the workday when there was no time left to solve it.
8
People from collectivistic culture view conflict as ultimately destructive for relationships, thinking that when members disagree they should adhere to the consensus of the group rather then engage in conflict. In culture like these, silence and avoidance may be used to manage conflict.