英语泛读教程1第三版(刘乃银编)问题详解(含cloze和extra passage)
英语泛读教程第三版3（主编刘乃银）ExtraPassage3
英语泛读教程第三版3（主编刘乃银）ExtraPassage3英语泛读教程第三版3（主编刘乃银）Extra Passage 3 There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degrees of health and wealth and wealth and the other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes miserable. This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds.The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the conveniences of things, the pleasant parts of conversation, the well-prepared dishes, the goodness of the wines, the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things. Therefore, they are continually discontented. By their remarks, they sour the pleasures of the society, offend many people, and mark themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind were founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied. The tendency to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong , but it may be cured when those who have it are convinced of its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit.Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious consequences in life, since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many other, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect, and scarcely that. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at obtaining some advantage in rank or fortune, nobody wishesthem success. Nor will anyone stir a step or speak a work to favour their hopes. If they bring on themselves public disapproval, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their misconduct. These people should change this bad habit and condescend to be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.1.People who are unhappy______.A. always consider things differently from others.B. usually are influenced by the results of certain thingsC. can discover the unpleasant part of certain thingsD. usually have a fault-finding habit2．The phrase “ sour the pleasures of the society”(para. 2 , line 7) most nearly means______.A. have a good taste to the pleasures of the societyB. aren’t content with the pleasures of the societyC. feel happy with the pleasures of the societyD. enjoy the pleasures of the society3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. We should pity all such unhappy people.B. Such unhappy people are critical about everything.C. If such unhappy people recognize the bad effects of the habit on themselvesthey may get rid of it.D. Such unhappy people are also not content with themselves.4. “ scarcely that”(para.3,line 5) means ______.A. just like thatB. almost not like thatC. more than thatD. not at all like that5. If such unhappy persons don’t change their bad behaviour, the author’s solution to be problem is that______.A. people should avoid contact with themB. people should criticize their misconductC. people should help them recognize the bad effects of the habitD. people should show no respect and politeness to themKey: DBABA。
新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册课后题答案(完整版)
新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册课后题答案(完整版)Unit 1 – Section A●Language Focus – Words in Use1. Given the chance to show his ability, he regained (confidence) and began to succeed in school.2. It is so difficult to (explore) the bottom of the ocean because some parts are very deep.3. It was about 30 seconds before Alex (emerged) from the water; we were quite scared.4. We often (assume) that when other people do the same things as we do, they do them for the same reasons; but this assumption is not always reasonable.5. There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may (pose) a threat to social stability.6. After a(n) (comprehensive) physical exam, my doctor said I was in good condition except that my blood pressure was a little high.7. It is well known that China is a country with rich natural (resources) and a very big population.8. Some people believe that the earth can (yield) enough food to support at least twice its present population.9. Sam (inherited) the gift of imagination from his family, but he lacked the driving power to take action.10. A bee that has found honey is able to (transmit) to other bees the information they need in order to collect the honey.●Word Building1.cover2.easy3.load4.apply5.resist6.account7.assistant8.simple9.note10.quality11.class 1.uncover2.uneasy3.unload4.applicant5.resistant6.accountant7.assist8.simplify9.notify10.qualify11.classify1. Despite being (classified) as a meat-eater, the panda has a diet that is overwhelmingly vegetarian.2. They have developed computerized systems which will greatly (assist) all library users so that they will not need the help of others.3. Changes have been made to the construction requirements in this city in order to make the buildings and highways more(resistant) to earthquakes.4. After a two-month inquiry, the police have (uncovered) the three men's intention to rob a bank and have arrested them.5. Consumers say they are (uneasy) about using their credit cards over the Internet because they are afraid of Interent fraud.6. A college degree and some working experience should (qualify) you for the job advertised in the newspaper.7. The British ship arrived at the port this morning and is (unloading) its contents in the harbor now.8. As a human resources manager, I see many job (applicants) who are technically skilled, but have bad attitudes.9. The teacher (simplified) his instructions so that the small children could understand him better.10. My major was literature. However, now I'm working in a firm as a(n) (accountant) , dealing with numbers every day.11. The committee's decision will be (notified) to all employees next week.●Banked ClozeUniversity students come from different parts of the country with various purposes. However, a closer look at their reasons for studying at the university will enable us to (1) (classify) them roughly into three groups: those who have a(n) (2) (passion) for learning, those who wish to (3) (attain) a bright future, and those who learn with no definite purpose.Firstly, there are many students who learn simply because they (4) (pursue) their goal of learning. Some read a wealth of British and American novels because they are keenly interested in literature. Others sit in front of the computer screen, working on a new program, (5) (virtually) day and night, because they find some computer programs (6) (fascinating), and they dream of becoming a "Bill Gates" one day.Secondly, there are students who work hard mainly for a better and more (7) (prosperous) future. It seems that the majority of students fall into this group. After admission to the university, they read books after books to (8) (acquire) knowledge from all of the resources which are (9) (available) to them, and finally, to succeed in the future job market.Thirdly, there are still some students who learn without a clear goal. They take courses, finish homework, enjoy life on campus, but don't want to (10) (sample) anything new or challenging. They have no idea what they will be doing after college. And they may end up with nothing in their lives.●Language Focus – Expressions in Use1. My family (got by) on my father's unemployment benefit after he lost his job.2. Many subway riders read books or listen to music in order to (make the most of) their time on the way to work.3. In order to make sure he would be able to attend the meeting, I called him up two weeks (in advance) .4. Experts say our company is amazing in that sales have been increasing steadily (over time) .5. In order to (reap the benefits of) the physical exercise, you have to exercise regularly, and for at least half an hour each time.6. They all tried to talk (all at once) , but I couldn't hear anything they said.7. Yellow flowers in the field always (1)(remind) me (2)(of) my childhood in the countryside.8. We have been practicing for so long and so hard that our team should (stand a chance of) winning the game.9. Research on genes will (open the door to) exciting new medical treatments.10. Every one of you has made a contribution and I (take pleasure in) acknowledging what each of you has done to make this academic convention such a success.●Translation➢英译汉Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher who is credited with laying the fundamentals (基础) of modern Western philosophy. He is a mysterious figure known chiefly through the accounts of later classical writers, especially the writings of his most famous student Plato. Socrates has become well known for his contribution to the field of ethics. His method of teaching, known as the Socratic Method, by asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to explain ideas remains a commonly used tool in a wide range of discussions. He also made important and lasting contributions to the field of epistemology (认识论) and logic, and the influence of his ideas and approach remains a strong foundation for Western philosophy that followed. Socrates was the most colorful figure in the history of ancient philosophy. His fame was widespread in his own time, and his name soon became a household word although he constructedno philosophical system, established no school, and founded no sect (宗派).苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家，被誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。
英语泛读教程第三版3(主编刘乃银)Extra Passage 4
英语泛读教程第三版3（主编刘乃银）Extra Passage 4 Let us out from a fact. The same type of civilizations, or to use a more exact ,although more extended expression , the same society, has hot always inhabited the earth. The human race as a whole has grown, has developed, has matured, like one of ourselves. It was once a child, it was once man; we are now looking on at its impressive old age. Before the epoch which modern society has dubbed “ancient”there was another epoch which the ancient called “fabulous” but which it would be more accurate to call “primitive”. Observe then three great successive orders of things in civilization, from its origin down to our days. Now, as poetry is always superposed upon society, we propose to try to demonstrate, from the from of its society, what the character of the poetry must have been in those three great ages of the would primitive times, ancient times, modern times.In primitive times, when man awakes in a world that is newly created, poetry awakes with him. In the face of the marvelous things that dazzle him, his first speech is a hymn simply. He is still, so close to God that all his thoughts are joyful, all his dreams are visions. The earth is still almost deserted. There are families, but no nations; patriarchs, but no kings. Each race exist at its own pleasure; no property, no laws, no conventions, no wars. Everything belongs to each and to all. Society is community. Man is restrained in nought. He leads that nomadic pastoral life with which all civilization begin, and which is so well adapted to solitary contemplation, to fanciful reverie. He follows every suggestion, he goes hither and thither, at random. His thought, like his life, resembles a cloud that changes its shape and its direction according to the wind that drives it. Such is the first man, such is the first port. He is young; he is cynical. Prayer is his sole religion, the ode is his only form of poetry.This ode, this poem of primitive times, is Genesis.By slow degrees, however, this youth of the world pass away. All the spheres progress; the tribe becomes a nation. Each of these groups of men camps about a common center, ang kingdoms appear. The social instinct succeeds the nomadic instinct. The camp gives place these states of nations; the pastoral staff has already assumed the shape of a scepter. Everything tends to become stationary and fixed. Religion takes on a definite shape; prayer is governed by rites; dogma sets bunds to worship. Thus the priest and king share the paternity of the people; thus theocratic society succeeds the patriarchal community.Meanwhile the nations are beginning to be packed too closely on the earth’s surface. They annoy and jostle one another; hence the clash of empires-war. They overflow upon another; hence the migrations of nations-voyages. Poetry reflects these momentous events; from ideas it proceeds to things. It sing of ages, of nations of empires…1.In the above passage the primitive period is equated with the period called____.A. fabulousB. ancientC. medievalD. modern2. War, the author believes, results primarily from____.A. rule by kingB. patriarchal jealousiesC. the existence of a theocratic stateD. large, closely packed population3. The author draws an analogy between the growth of peoples into nation-states and the ____.A. development of poetic verse fromB. books of the Old TestamentC. great epochs in historyD. maturation of the human being from childhood to maturity4.Because of its unique character, a great interpreter of the periods of historyis_______.A.the national historianB. B poetryC. the biblical prophetD. storytellingKey: ADDB。
英语专业大一泛读(刘乃银版)附加阅读练习(带答案)
Passage1(Unit1,BookI:Love.Shortstory.Family.Love)After21yearsofmarriage,mywifewantedmetotakeanotherwomanouttodinnerandamovie.Shesaid,"Iloveyou,butIknowt hisotherwomanlovesyoutoo,andshewouldlovetospendsometimewithyou."TheotherwomanthatmywifewantedmetovisitwasmyMOTHER,whohasbeenawidowfor19years,butthedemandsofmyw orkandmythreechildrenhadmadeitpossibletovisitheronlyoccasionally.ThatnightIcalledtoinvitehertogooutfordinnerandamo vie."What'swrong,areyouwell?"sheasked.Mymotheristhetypeofwomanwhosuspectsthatalatenightcallorasurpriseinvitation isasignofbadnews."Ithoughtthatitwouldbepleasanttospendsometimewithyou,"Iresponded."Justthetwoofus."Shethoughtaboutitforamom ent,andthensaid,"Iwouldlikethatverymuch."ThatFridayafterwork,asIdroveovertopickherup,Iwasabitnervous.WhenIarrivedatherhouse,Inoticedthatshe,too,seeme dtobenervousaboutourdate.Shewaitedinthedoorwithhercoaton.ShehadcurledherhairandwaswearingthedressthatshehadworA.thememorabledatebetweenthemotherandthesonB.themother’srealizationofherlong-awaiteddreamC.theson’sloveforhismotherD.themother’sprideinherson3.Whenthemother tooktheauthor’sarmintotherestaurant,she__________.A.lookedliketheFirstLadyB.wastreatedliketheFirstLadyC.wasasimportantastheFirstLadyD.feltasproudasbeingtheFirstLady4.Whatdidthemothermainlytalkabouttotheauthorduringthedinner?A.Herlifeaftertheauthor’sm arriage.B.Herlifesincetheauthor’slastvisit.C.Hermemoryabouttheauthorasachild.D.Herexpectationaboutfuturereunions.5.Themotherinsistedoninvitingtheauthortodinnerbecause__________.A.shewasgoingtodiesoonB.shewantedtoshowherloveC.shedidnotexpecttheheartattackD.sheintendedtothankhimandhiswife6.Thepassageintendstoteachushowtocherish__________.A.ourparentssecond’sgmayprobedeepandaddtomyunderstandingofhowpeopleworkandlive.Myheartisfulloftheimagesofpeopleandthings.Myeyep asseslightlyovernosingletrifle;itstrivestotouchandholdcloselyeachthingitsgazerestsupon.Somesightsarepleasant,fillingtheh eartwithhappiness;butsomearemiserablypathetic.TotheselatterIdonotshutmyeyes,forthey,too,arepartoflife.Toclosetheeyeo nthemistoclosetheheartandmind.Mythirddayofsightisdrawingtoanend.PerhapstherearemanyseriouspursuitstowhichIshoulddevotethefewremainingho urs,butIamafraidthatontheeveningofthatlastdayIshouldagainrunawaytothetheater,toahilariouslyfunnyplay,sothatImightapp reciatetheovertonesofcomedyinthehumanspirit.1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,theauthorisamazedatseeing__________.A.thehousesB.thebridgeC.theboatsD.theriver2.TheauthormostprobablythinksthattheNewYorkersare__________the“glitteringspires”.A.scornfulofB.overwhelmedbyC.indifferenttoD.knowledgeableabout3.Whentheauthorseesthepassers-by,shewouldliketo__________.A.sharetheiremotionsB.showsympathytothemC.enjoythesamelifestylesFlemingfilledoutthe12yearsofBondwithgreatadventurejournalism.Eveninstorieswhichhadlittleactionorpayoff,suchas hisshortnon-fictionbook,TheDiamondSmugglers,the"Fleming-flair"ensuredexcitingreading.Hewrotethe"Atticus"columnf ortheSundayTimes,provingawonderfulconduitforinsideintelligenceinformation,andcleverrebukes.Regardlessofbooksalesorfamilyobligations,Flemingmanagedtolivethelifehewanted.Astheyearspassed,hispassionforg olfingincreasedsohetookmoretimewithit.Fleming'slong-termfascinationwithAmericagrew,sohetraveledtheremoreoften.IanFleming'sfulllifecaughtupwithhimthroughhisheart.Itmaybethatyearsofdrinkingandsmokingtooktheirtoll,orthatthe butter-richcookingFleminglovedwastheculprit.Ormaybeitwasjustgenetics.Whateverthecause,Fleming'shealthdeclinedinth elate1950s.ThisplusanxietiesinthemarriageincreasedFleming'sdepression.WiththesuccessofBond,theworldcameknockinga tFleming'sdoor,andhehadahardertimeshuttingthoseoutthathedidnotwantinhislife.Nonetheless,Flemingfoughttheloosingbattleofhisweakeningheartbythrowingmorefuelonthefire.Hecontinuedtodrinkandsmoke,makingsomeexcusesbutnotmany.Hewrotebookshewantedtoread,andtraveledtheworldwithstyleandauthority.Byth istime,Fleminghadalreadyearnedhisownfortune,createdhisownidentity,andruledhisownliteraryempire.1.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,FlemingacceptedthejobofferedbyKemsleynewspaper__________.A.andhadtogiveuphisyearlyholidayplantoJamaicaB.becausehewasofferedtoworkinJamaicaeverywinterC.sothathewouldn’th avetolookforemploymentelsewhereD.onconditionthathetooktwomonthsofftoJamaicaeveryyear2.Whenhebeganwriting,Flemingneverexpectedthat__________.A.hewouldchangepopularcultureB.hecouldgetoverthepressureC.Annewouldhaveadivorce3.FlemiAnotherrecentexperimenthintsthatmonkeysexperienceregretwhentheymakethewrongchoice:Researcherssaybrainsca nssuggesttheanimalswerehaving"could’ve,would’ve,should’ve"thoughts."Iknewmonkeysweresmart,butIdidn'tthinktheywerethatsmart,"saysMichaelPlatt,PhD,theDukeUniversityneurobiolog istwholedthestudy.ButperhapsnoanimalhasdonemoretochallengeconventionalnotionsthanAlex,anAfricangrayparrot,a30-yearresearchsu bjectforscientistIrenePepperberg,PhD.Hewasconstantlybeingtested;whenhewastiredofit,hewouldtellPepperberg,"Wannag oback"-tohiscage.Iftherequestannoyedher,Alexwouldsay,"Sorry."Oneafternoon,heshowedanapparentgraspofsomethingonl yhumansandafewapeshadbeenknowntounderstand:thenotionofzero.Pepperberghadatrayofdifferent-coloredballs;ingtheirshorthand,sheasked,"What colorsix?Whatcolortwo?"Bored,Alexthrewtheballsonthefloorinstead.Then,finally,hesaid,"Five."Andrepeatedit:"Five.Five."Therewerenofiveofanythingonthetray.SoPepperbergasked,"Okay,smarty,whatcolorfive?"Alexsaid,"None."Notonlyhadthebirdfiguredoutanabstractmathematicalconcept,hehadmanipulatedPepperbergintoaskingthequestionsoh ecouldproveit."Inearlydroppedthetray,"shesays.1.Whichofthefollowingkindsofscrubjaysare“surprisinglycunning”?A.Thosethatwerestolenoftheirfood.B.Thosethatlearnedfromparentstosteal.C.Thosethatstoleotherbirdsoftheirfood.D.Thosethatobservedotherbirdssteal.2.The"could’ve,would’ve,should’ve"thoughtsindicatethatmonkeyscould__________.A.feelregretfulB.C.D.3.A.B.C.D.4.A.B.C.D.5.A.B.C.D.school.here—thelostbattles,thedraft,theordersofthecommandingofficer—andIthoughttomyself,withoutstopping:“Whatcanbethem atternow?”Then,asIhurriedbyasfastasIcouldgo,theblacksmith,Wachter,whowasthere,withhisapprentice,readingthebulletin,called afterme:“Don’tgosofast,boy;you’llgettoyourschoolinplentyoftime!”Ithoughthewasmakingfunofme,andreachedMr.Hamel’slittlegardenalloutofbreath.Usually,whenschoolbegan,therewasagreatbustle,whichcouldbeheardoutinthestreet,theopeningandclosingofdesks,less onsrepeatedinunison,veryloud,withourhandsoverourearstounderstandbetter,andtheteacher’sgreatrulerrappingonthetable.B utnowitwasallsostill!Ihadcountedonthecommotiontogettomydeskwithoutbeingseen;but,ofcourse,thatdayeverythinghadtob easquietasSundaymorning.ThroughthewindowIsawmyclassmates,alreadyintheirplaces,andMr.Hamelwalkingupanddown withhisterribleironrulerunderhisarm.Ihadtoopenthedoorandgoinbeforeeverybody.YoucanimaginehowIblushedandhowfrightenedIwas.Butnothinghappened.Mr.Hamelsawmeandsa idverykindly:“Gotoyourplacequickly,littleFranz.Wewerebeginningwitho utyou.”Ijumpedoverthebenchandsatdownatmydesk.Nottillthen,whenIhadgotalittleovermyfright,didIseethatourteacherhadon hisbeautifulgreencoat,hisfrilledshirt,andthelittleblacksilkcap,allembroidered,thatheneverworeexceptoninspectionandprize days.Besides,thewholeschoolseemedsostrangeandsolemn.Butthethingthatsurprisedmemostwastosee,onthebackbenchestha twerealwaysempty,thevillagepeoplesittingquietlylikeourselves;oldHauser,withhisthree-corneredhat,theformermayor,thefo rmerpostmaster,andseveralothersbesides.Everybodylookedsad;andHauserhadbroughtanoldprimer,tornattheedges,andhehe lditopenonhiskneeswithhisgreatspectacleslyingacrossthepages.WhileIwaswonderingaboutitall,Mr.Hamelmountedhischair,and,inthesamegraveandgentletonewhichhehadusedtome,s aid:“Mychildren,thisisthelastlessonIshallgiveyou.TheorderhascomefromBerlintoteachonlyGermanintheschoolsofAlsaceaD.Hecamefortheschoolopenday.Passage6(Unit6,BookI:Fool’sParadise.Fable)InthesouthofSpain,therewasasmallvillagewhosepeoplewereveryjoyfulandlucky.Thechildrenplayedundertheshadeoftr eesinthegardensoftheirhome.AshepherdboywhosenamewasNasir,stayednearthevillagewithhisfather,motherandgrandmoth er.Earlymorningeachday,hetakeshisherdofgoatsupthehillstofindasuitableplaceforthemtograze.Intheafternoonhewouldretur nwiththemtothevillage.Atnighthisgrandmotherwouldtellhimastory.Asusual,ononeofthesedays,asNasirwaswatchinghisherd andplayinghisflutehesuddenlysawawonderfullightbehindtheflowerbush.Whenhecametowardsthebrancheshesawatranspar entandmostbeautifulcrystalball.Thecrystalballwasglitteringlikeacolorfulrainbow.Nasircarefullytookitinhishandandturneditaround.Withsurprisesudde nlyheheardaweakvoicecomingfromthecrystalball.Itsaid;"YoucanmakeawishthatyourheartdesiresandIwillfulfillit."Nasircouldnotbelievethathehadactuallyheardavoice.Buthebecamesoengrossedinhisthoughtsforhehadsomanywishesbuthemustwis hforsomethingwhichwasimpossiblelikethewishtobeabletofly.Hesaidtohimself,ifIwaittilltomorrowIwillremembermanythin gs.Heputthecrystalballinabagandgatheredtheherd,happilyreturnedbacktothevillage.Hedecidedthathewouldnottellanyoneab outthecrystalball.Onthefollowingdayalso,Nasircouldnotdecidewhattowishfor,becausehereallyhadeverythingheneeded.Thedayspassedasusual,andNasirappearedtobeverycheerfulthatthepeoplearoundhimwereamazedtoseehischeerfuldisp osition.OnedayaboyfollowedNasirandhisherdandhidbehindatree.Nasirasusualsatinonecorner,tookoutthecrystalballandfora fewmomentslookedatit.TheboywaitedforthemomentwhenNasirwouldgotosleep.Thenhetookthecrystalballandranaway.Wh enhearrivedinthevillage,hecalledallthepeopleandshowedthemthecrystalball.Thecitizensofthatvillagetookthecrystalballinth eirhandandturneditaroundwithsurprise.Suddenlytheyheardavoicefrominsidethecrystalball,whichsays,"Icanfulfillyourwish ."Onepersontooktheballandscreamed,"Iwantonebagfullofgold."Anothertooktheballandsaidloudly,"Iwanttwochestsfullofje welry."ge.A.provethatNasirwashidingsomethinggoodB.taketheballandsharewiththevillagersC.findoutwhyNasirwascheerfulD.stealtheballwhenNasirslept4.“Nasirandhisfamilywerehappyandpleased”because__________.A.onlytheirfamilyhadagardenB.theirlifewasnotdisturbedbytheballC.theysawthetroublecausedbytheballD.theyonlywishedforahappylife5.Thestorymaywellillustratetheproverb“__________”.A.Acontentedmindisacontinualfeast.B.Alittlelearningisadangerousthing.C.Everyadvantagehasitsdisadvantage.D.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.Passage7(Unit7,BookI:TheCalloftheWild.Novel.Classical.)215FERGUSSENHALL24thSeptemberDearKind-Trustee-Who-Sends-Orphans-to-College,HereIam!Itravelledyesterdayforfourhoursinatrain.It'safunnysensation,isn'tit?Ineverrodeinonebefore.Collegeisthebiggest,mostbewilderingplace--IgetlostwheneverIleavemyroom.IwillwriteyouadescriptionlaterwhenI'mfC.shecouldneverfindthewaytoherroomD.shehadnevertraveledonatrainbefore2.Jerushathoughtthatshecouldn’tbeveryrespectfulto“JohnSmith”because__________.A.hewasatotalstrangertoherB.shewassureitwasafakeidentityC.thenamewasnotdistinctiveenoughD.nobodywouldliketobecalledthatname3.AccordingtoJerusha,knowingaboutthetrustee’sbeingrichwas__________.A.superficialB.unimaginableC.rumorousD.insulting4.Thefactthatherday“isdividedintosectionsbybells”makesJerushafeel__________.A.asbusyasafirehorseB.restrictedbyrulesC.pressedfortimeD.fullofvitality5.JerushadecidedtocallthetrusteeDearDaddy-Long-Legs__________.A.inordertoshowherrespectforhimB.becauseitwasoneofhisinternalqualitiesC.inordertomakethemfeelclosertoeachotherng,anSothenexttimeyouhavetheurgetoaskmeifyoucanapprovecopy,ortellmysalesteamthatyouwillnottakeanadunlessyouare guaranteededitorial,remembertheaboveandthinkaboutwhatyouareactuallydoing.Youareaskingmetocompromisemyethics,c redibility,reputation,integrityand–ultimately–mycareerandIwillnotdothat–foryouoranyone.1.Theauthorsuggeststhatcorporatemessageshouldbesenttotheconsumersprimarilyby__________.mittingtoadvertisingB.improvingproductqualityC.spreadingpublicpraiseD.attractingmorereaders2.Accordingtotheauthor,jargonandmarketingwaffleare__________.A.irrelevantB.unintelligibleC.professionalD.monotonous3.Theauthorwritesmostprobablyinordertochieflysatisfy__________.A.hisdesireB.theeditorsC.themediaD.hisreaders4.Whentheauthorrefusestotaketheclients’quotes,hedoesn’texpectthemtothink__________.A.thatheisbeingblackmailedB.itisbecausetheyhavetakenanadmostnotably-portr ol—plorationofthespecialcolorsymbolismvanGoghattachedtothecolorblue.Unlikeoureverydayassociationofbluewithmelanchol yorboredom,theartistimaginedblueasasymbolfortheinfiniteorthelimitless.Suchaviewcallsintoquestiontheideathatself-portr aitssuchasvanGogh’s Self-PortraitwithStrawHat(1887)wereapsychologicalprofileoftheartist’smelancholyordespair.Instead ,whenweconsiderblue’sspecialsymbolicroleastheinfiniteinvanGogh’sParisself-portraits,wediscoveranewnarrativedescribi ngthepainter’sownaesthet ic:hisinsistencethatthefutureofartlayinexpressiveratherthanrealisticmethods.1.WhatdoesJamesRisserthinkofvanGogh’sself-portraits?A.Differentself-portraitsrepresentvanGogh’sdifferentattitudetowardslife.B.Manyofhisself-portraitshavebeenneglectedbycritics.C.VanGoghsoughtforidentitythroughallhisself-portraits.D.V anGoghexpressedhiswearinessoftheworldinmostofhisself-portraits.2.WhichdescriptionismentionedinthesecondparagraphaboutvanGogh’sSelf-portraitwithaStrawHat?A.Thepaintingisnotwelldone.B.Thepaintingmainlyusedgray.C.Thepainterusedbluebuteraseditlater.D.Theportraitshowedadepressedemotion.3.Whofeltthattheself-portraitshowed“anunfinishedlife”?A.V anGoghhimself.B.Risser’sopponents.C.Theauthor.D.JamesRisser.4.AccordingtoRichardKendallandT.J.Shackelford,theSelf-portraitwithaStrawHatmaynothaveanythingtodowith_________ _.avealsoanunknownorigin.Onesurefactisthatthewearingofthekilthasbeendevelopedinthe19thcenturyduringthereignofQueen Victoria.Ithadbeencreatedforsomerationalreasons:menwhoworeitcouldmakeveryquickmoves,wadethroughriversandshelte rinhuts,woodsandrocks,etc.Thereisaquestionwhichwillalwayslingernexttotheword‘kilt’andthatis:Dopeoplewhowearkiltshaveunderwearornot?E venthoughtherearelotsofpeoplewhoconsiderthisimmoral,thetraditionsaysthatunderwearshouldnotbepresentifoneisdressedi nakilt,theonlyexceptionbeingtheparticipationtosomesportivegamesandthepresenceofwomen.Inthe50’s,soldierswereverifie diftheyworeunderwearbytheirsergeantswhousedalongstickthathadinthetopamirror.OthertworeasonsforwhichScotlandisfamousareitstraditionalfoodandofcourse,whisky.Noonecouldarguethattraditional Scottishcookinghasproducedoneofthegreatcuisinesoftheworld.Thequalityoftheingredientshasalwaysbeenexcellent:theworruitincludingraspberries,strawberriesandblackberriesandahostoflocallyproducedtypesofcheese,includingcheddarfromAyrs hireandGalloway.Thenationaldishisthehaggis,atypeoffoodthatcombinesmuttonwithotheringredientsandwhichisservedwith turnipandpotatoes.WhiskyhasbeenproducedinScotlandforhundredsofyears.ItiswellknownthattheIrishcreatedthisalcoholicdrink,buttheSc otsweretheoneswhobroughtittotheformthatwedrinktoday.Whiskyreferstoabroadcategoryofalcoholicbeveragesthataredistill edfromgrainsandagedinoakcasks.Thenamemeanswateroflife.1.EmperorNerowasmentionedtoillustrate__________.A.thelegendaryoriginofbagpipesB.therelationbetweenbagpipesandMinorAsiaC.thehigherimportanceofbagpipesoverfiddlesD.theculturalsignificanceofbagpipesThetraditionalAmericanfamilyisa“nuclearfamily”.Anuclearfamilyreferstoahusbandandwifeandtheirchildren.Theave rageAmericanfamilytodayhastwoorthreechildren(andmaybeafewpets).Insomecultures,peopleliveclosetotheirextendedfam ily.Severalgenerationsmayevenlivetogether.InAmerica,onlyinafewcasesdoesmorethanonehouseholdliveunderoneroof.Americanvaluesreceiveawarmwelcomeinthehome.Manyhomesarerunlikeademocracy.Eachfamilymembercanhavea say.AsenseofequalityoftenexistsinAmericanhomes.InsteadoffearingMomandDad,childrenmaythinkofthemasgoodfriends. Husbandsandwivesoftensharehouseholdchores.Inmanycases,achildcanenjoyprivacyinhisorherownbedroom.Fromanearlya ge,childrengainresponsibilityinhandlingmoney.Theymayreceiveaweeklyallowanceorevenworkpart-timejobs.Oftenparents givechildrenfreedomtomaketheirowndecisions.Preschoolerschoosewhatclothestowearorwhichtoystobuy.Youngadultsgene rallymaketheirownchoicesaboutwhatcareertopursueandwhomtomarry.ricanhomes.OverhalfofU.S.marriagesnowendindivorce.MorethanoneinfourAmericanchildrenisgrowingupinsingle-parent homes.Asaresult,manypeoplebelievetheAmericanfamilyisintrouble.Evenso,thereisstillreasonforhope.Manyorganizationsareworkinghardtostrengthenfamilies.Americansalmostunanim ouslybelievethatthefamilyisoneofthemostimportantpartsoflife.Thevastmajorityalsofeelthatthetraditionaltwo-parentfamilyi sbestforchildren.Theyrealizethatproblemsinfamilylifeinrecentyearshavebroughtaboutseriousconsequences.Asaresult,more andmorepeoplearemakingtheirfamilyapriority.Manywomenarequittingtheirjobstostayhomewiththeirchildren.Familiesareg oingonvacationsandoutingstogether.Husbandsandwivesaremakingaconcentratedefforttokeeptheirmarriagessolid.TheUnitedNationshasdeclared1994the“InternationalYearoftheFamily”.Notjustin America,butallovertheworld,peopl erecognizetheimportanceofstrongfamilies.Howdoyoustrengthenthefamilybond?Dospecialthingsforeachother.Talktoeachot her.Playtogether.Spendtimetogether.Oh,andonemorething:bethankfulforeachother.Ifyouhaveafamily,everydayshouldbeTh anksgiving.Passage12(Unit12,BookI:rmational.MinorityandDisadvantagedgroup) Thelevelofdiscriminationhasvariedenormouslyinthehistoryofhumansocieties,fromgenocidewhereethnicsarekilledofft hroughexpulsionand,whentheseextremeformsofdiscriminationarenotpossible,throughsegregationinaghettoandanarrowran geofjobs.Onetypeofethnicminorityislowerclass.Heredisproportionatenumbersofapopulationareisolatedinslumhousingtractsand pushedintothelowest-payingoccupationssuchthattheyareinthepovertyclassesofasociety.African-Americanshavesufferedthi sfateintheUnitedStates.Anothertypeofethnicminoritycreatedbydiscriminationisthemiddlemanminoritywheremembersares egregatedbut,atthesametime,allowedtooccupyanarrowrangeofentrepreneurialandprofessionaleconomicpositionswhichgiv ethemsomeaffluence.Forexample,JewsinfeudalandearlymodernEuropeoftenoccupiedhighpositionsinbankingandfinance;aWhatdetermineswhichtypeofaminorityanethnicpopulationwillbecome?Oneimportantconditionistheresources–money ,entrepreneurialknow-how,educationalcredentials–thatapopulationcanmobilize.Whenethnicshavesomeresources,theycan morereadilymoveintointermediaryminoritypositionsandliveamoremiddle-classlifestyle.Butresourcesarenottheonlyfactor;a notheristheabsolutesizeofanethnicpopulation.Asmallminoritywithresourcescanmoreeasilyfindintermediarynichesthanalar geone,forthesimplereasonthattherearenotenoughsmall-businesspositionsforalargepopulation.Alargeethnicpopulationwill,t herefore,bepushedtolowernichesespeciallyiftheirresourcesarelimitedand,asaresult,theirabilitytofightoffdiscriminationislo w.African-Americanshavesufferedthisfate:Theyaretoolargeagrouptofillmiddlemenminoritypositions,andtheyhaveinsuffici entresourcestoovercomediscrimination.Indeed,whatoftenhappensisthatmembersofalargeminoritywhocanmobilizeresource s–say,educationalcredentials–moveintomiddle-classpositions,leavingbehindtheirfellowethnics.Forexample,manyblacksin Americahavemadedramaticstridesinmovingtothemiddle-classesinthepost-CivilRightsera,butthefateofthevastmajorityofbla cksinthelowerclasseshasremainedthesame,orworsenedoverthelasttwenty-fiveyears.BlackAmericaitselfisthusdividedbylarD.Theseverityofdiscrimination.Passage13(Unit13,BookI:cation)Whentheyadviseyourkidsto“getaneducation”ifyouwanttoraiseyourincome,theytellyouonlyhalfthetruth.Whattheyreall ymeanistogetjustenougheducationtoprovidemanpowerforyoursociety,butnottoomuchthatyouproveanembarrassmenttoyou rsociety.Getahighschooldiploma,atleast.Withoutthat,youareoccupationallydead,unlessyournamehappenstobeGeorgeBernard ShaworThomasAlvaEdisonandyoucansuccessfullydropoutingradeschool.Doyouknow,forinstance,thatlong-handtruckdriversearnmoreayearthanfullprofessors?Yes,theaveragesalaryforthosetr uckerswas$24,000,whilethefullprofessorsmanagedtoaveragejust$23,930.quicklybeturnedtoindustrialorcommercialpurposes,youarefacingadimfuture.TherearemorePh.D.sunemployedorunderempl oyedinthiscountrythaninanyotherpartoftheworldbyfar.IfyoubecomeadoctorofphilosophyinEnglishorhistoryoranthropolog yorpoliticalscienceorlanguagesor–worstofall–inphilosophy,youruntheriskofbecomingovereducatedforournationaldemand s.Notforourneeds,mindyou,butforourdemands.ThousandsofPh.D.saresellingshoes,drivingcabs,waitingontablesandfillingoutfruitlessapplicationsmonthaftermonth. Andthenmaybetakingajobinsomehighschoolorbackwatercollegethatpaysmuchlessthanthejanitorearns.Youcanequatethelevelofincomewiththelevelofeducationonlysofar.Farenough,thatis,tomakeyouusefultothegrossnatio nalproduct,butnotsofarthatnobodycanturnmuchofaprofitonyou.1.BymentioningBernardShawandThomasEdison,theauthormeanstosupporttheideathat__________.A.one’schancetosucceedhasnothingtodowitheducationB.manytalentedpeoplebecomesuccessfulwithouteducationC.D.2.A.B.C.D.3.A.B.C.D.4.A.B.C.D.5.A.B.C.D.elastfiveweeksorsohavebeenparticularlybusy,andthelasttwobeforeamajorvoteespeciallyso.Mostorganizers,underthepressure,resorttobadcopingmechanismslikeovereating,smoking,ordrinkingtoomuch.It'ssoea sytothinkthataquickfixlikethatwillmakeyoufeelbetter,wheninthelongrunitmakesyoufeelworse.Ifoundthatkeepinglowcalori ereallyhelpedmemaintainmymentalfocusinthelastdays.There'ssomethingabouteatingjustonthelightersideofwhatIreallynee dthatmakesmecalmerandsharper.Planningisreallythekey.WemadetheappetizingmuffinsovertheJuly4thweekend,andtheywerereallyahealth-saverinthese lasttwoweeks.Beingabletopulla275caloriepackageofperfectlyzonedyumminessoutofthefreezer,engineeredtohave27%ofthe RDA(Recommendeddailyallowance)ofeverything,madegrabbinghealthyfoodinahurryeasy.Ihadappetizingmuffinsforbreak fastsonmostdayswithsuchtoppingsashotsauce,mustard,andfatfreecreamcheese.Ireallyenjoythislittlebread,soIfeltlikeIwasfeitionalpunchalongwithpumpkinseedsforzincandfatandeggwhitesforprotein,Ihadlunchestakencareof.AndIwasluckyenought obeworkinginaplacethathasaconvenientSubway,soSubwaysaladsandlowcarbwrapswerealwaysavailable.Subwaycanreally beablessingtothehealthconsciousontherun.Thegoodnewsis:WEWON!!!Andwewonbig.272votesforus,128fortheotherunion,andonly19fornounionatall.Itwasafig htupuntiltheend,includingthreatsofviolencefromtheotherunion.Don'tworry,MommiesandDaddiesoutthere.Iwasverycareful nevertobealoneanywhere,Iambeingextracautious.Ourleadersinsidethehospitalwereunderatonofpressureastheygotattackedb ybothmanagementandtheotherunion,butsomanyoftheirco-workersweresupportivethattheyheldupbeautifully.Nowtheyfinall yhaveachancetonegotiateacontractthatgetsthemthekindofsalaries,benefitsandworkingconditionstheydeserve.It'sabouttime.I'mofftoameetingtoplannextsteps...thefunneverends!1.Inordertostayhealthywhileworkingbusily,theauthorsuggeststhat__________.A.weshouldworknomorethanfortyhoursaweekonthlymagazine,FMR,intheUnitedStates.OnceagaintheskepticsaremurmuringthatthesuccessfulRiccihasheadedforabigfall. AndonceagainRicciintendstoprovethemwrong.Ricciissoconfidentthathehaschristenedhisquest“OperationColumbus”andhassethissightsondiscoveringanAmericanre adershipof300,000.Thatgoalmaynotbetoofar-fetched.TheItalianeditionofFMR–theinitials,ofcourse,standforFrancoMariaR icci–isonly18monthsold.Butitisalreadythesecondlargestartmagazineintheworld,withacirculationof65,000andaprofitmargin ofUS$500,000.TheAmericaneditionwillbepatternedaftertheItalianversion,witheach160-pageissuecarryingonly40pagesofa dsandnomorethanfivearticles.Butthecontentswilloftendiffer.TheEnglish-languageeditionwillincludemoreAmericanworks, Riccisays,tohelpAmericansgetover“aninferioritycomplexabouttheirart.”Healsohopesthatthemagazinewillbecomeavehiclef oratwo-wayculturalexchange–whathelikestothinkofasamarriageofbrains,cultureandtastefrombothsidesoftheAtlantic.ne-publishinghistory.BetweenNovemberandJanuary,eightjumbojetswillfly8millioncopiesofasample16-pageeditionofFMR acrosstheAtlantic.FromawarehouseinMichigan,6.5millioncopieswillbemailedtoAmericansubscribersofvariouscultural,art andbusinessmagazine.SomeoftheremainingcopieswillcirculateasaspecialSundaysupplementintheNewYorkTimes.Thecost oflaunchingOperationColumbusisastaggeringUS$5million,butRicciishopingthat60%ofthepricetagwillbefinancedbyItalian corporation.“TolandinAmericaColumbushadtouseSpanishsponsor,”readsonesentenceinhispromotionalpamphlet.“Wewoul dlikeItalians.”LikeColumbus,Riccicannotknowwhathisreceptionwillbeonforeignshores.InItalyhegambled–andwon–onasimpleconc ept:itismoreimportanttoshowartthantowriteabout.Hence,oneissueofFMRmightfeature32full-colorpagesof17th-centurytape stries,followedby14pagesofoutrageouseyeglasses.Heisgamblingthattheconceptisexportable.1.Nami nghisquest“OperationColumbus”,Ricciisconfidentthat__________.A.hewillbeasinfluentialasColumbus2.What1.[A]【解析】根据原文该句母亲所问的问题可以推断母亲接到电话的时候，第一个反应是“担心”，因此本题应选选项A。
英语泛读教程第一册(第三版)Unit1Love
1.3.2 Possible difficult words, phrases and sentences
( P a r a . 1 ) The cows kept coming through the chestnut oaks on the cliff and running over the young corn. They bit off the tips of the corn and trampled down the stubble.
F:father A:and
M:mother
I:I L:love Y:you
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The following is a poem that shows a new definition of mother:
M is for millions of things she gives you O is only that she is growing old
爱是人与人之间相互的理解和支持。
爱是对别人的宽容和牺牲。 爱是天空中永不沉落的太阳。
Love is the spring of the inspiration.
爱是智慧之源泉。
爱是一剂治疗心灵创伤的灵丹妙药。
Love is a panacea that cures spiritual wounds.
2
Jesse Hilton Stuart
Jesse Hilton Stuart ( 1907 –1984) was an American writer who is known for writing short stories, poetry, and novels about Southern Appalachia阿巴拉契亚地区(美国东
英语泛读教程第三版刘乃银编平台答案含cloze和etr精编asse
英语泛读教程第三版刘乃银编平台答案含c l o z e和e t r精编a s s e文件编码（TTU-UITID-GGBKT-POIU-WUUI-0089）U n i t 1Text: ExercisesA: cB. 1.b 2.d 3.a 4.b 5.b 6.d 7.d 8.cD. 1.a 2.d 3.d 4.a 5.d 6.c 7.d 8.bFast reading1.d2.b3.d4.d5.a6.a7.b8.a9.a 10.d 11.c 12.b 13.b 14.d 15.cHome Reading1.d2.a3.c4.d5.d6.a7.a8. bCloze11．going/about/trying2．expectations/predictions3．questions4．answers5． predictions/expectations6．Tell7．know/foretell8．develop/present9．worthExtra Passage 1 Key：BBCAUnit 2Text: ExercisesA: bB. 1.d 2.d 3.b 4.c 5.d 6.c 7.c 8.aD. 1.b 2.a 3.d 4.d 5.a 6.c 7.a 8.a 9.cFast reading1.d2.b3.b4.d5.c6.b7.d8.b9.d 10.b 11.c 12.d 13.d 14.b 15.dHome Reading1.c2.b3.d4.c5.c6.d7.b8. b9.d Cloze 21. communicate2. ways.3. using4. of5. Message6. meet7. causes8. Meanings9. to10. eyesExtra Passage 2 Key: ADBCBUnit 3Text: ExercisesA: dB. 1.b 2.a 3.d 4.a 5.b 6.b 7.d 8.d 9.d 10.cD. 1.b 2.d 3.d 4.b 5.a 6.c 7.b 8.c 9.a 10.aFast reading1.c2.b3.b4.b5.a6.c7.c8.d9.d 10.a 11.c 12.c 13.d 14.a 15.dHome Reading1.d2.b3.c4.b5.d6.d7.b8. d9.bCloze31．poor2．habits3．Lies4． little5．Unfortunately6．what7．slows8．one reads.9． than10．Comprehension11． cover Extra Passage 3 Key: DBABAUnit 4Text: ExercisesA: cB. 1.d 2.d 3.b 4.c 5.d 6.d 7.cD. 1.a 2.b 3.d 4.b 5.b 6.a 7.d 8.d 9.a 10.d11.b 12.c Fast reading1.d2.b3.c4.c5.d6.b7.d8.a9.d 10.d 11.b 12.a 13.d 14.c 15.dHome Reading1.d2.a3.d4.a5.c6.b7.c8.dCloze 41. studied2.Satisfaction3.reduced4.reported5.whose6.published7.on8.such9.illustrate/show/indicate10. contributionsExtra Passage 4 Key: ADDB Unit 5Text: ExercisesA: cB. 1.a 2.b 3.d 4.a 5.a 6.d 7.c 8.b 9.dD. 1.d 2.b 3.a 4.b 5.b 6.d 7.a 8.b 9.c 10.b11.d 12.a Fast reading1.c2.a3.a4.b5.d6.c7.b8.d9.d 10.c 11.c 12.d 13.b 14.a 15.bHome Reading1.b2.c3.c4.d5.b6.d7.cCloze 51.Fluent2.abilities/ability/competence/proficiency/aptitude3.other4.meansnguage6.Contac7.reason8.pick9.point10. aptitude/competenceExtra Passage 5 Key：BBDAUnit 6Text: ExercisesA: bB. 1.c 2.d 3.c 4.a 5.b 6.d 7.d 8.a 9.dD. 1.b 2.a 3.d 4.a 5.a 6.c 7.b 8.a 9.a 10.c11.a 12.b Fast reading1.c2.a3.b4.c5.d6.a7.a8.d9.c 10.b 11.c 12.c 13.d 14.a 15.bHome Reading1.c2.c3.d4.c5.d6.a7.b8.cCloze 61.lure2.playing3.resistance4.prefer5.weak/poor6.example/instance7.offered8.off9.far10.asExtra Passage 6 Key: BCCDBUnit 7Text: ExercisesA: dB. 1.a 2.c 3.b 4.d 5.a 6.d 7.c 8.a 9.a 10.cD. 1.a 2.b 3.a 4.a 5.c 6.d 7.a 8.c 9.c 10.d11.a 12.d Fast reading1.d2.b3.a4.c5.a6.c7.d8.d9.b 10.b（网上练习里面增加了for Many Women） 11.d 12.c 13.a 14.c 15.dHome Reading1.c2.b3.a4.d5.b6.c7.d8.d9.b 10.cCloze 71．Among2．Completed3．Impact4．sit5．catch/attract/arrest/capture6．but7．attention8．Action9．popular10．lessExtra Passage 7 Key：CABCUnit 8Text: ExercisesA: cB. 1.c 2.d 3.d 4.c 5.c 6.d 7.c 8.c 9.bD. 1.a 2.b 3.d 4.a 5.c 6.a 7.a 8.aFast reading1.c2.c3.a4.c5.d6.b7.b8.d9.a 10.d 11.b 12.a 13.b 14.d 15.dHome Reading1.d2.b3.d4.b5.c6.c7.b8.c9.dCloze 81．reluctant/ unwilling2．up3．provide4．hired/employed5．job/working6．what7．for8．opportunity9．but10. likelyExtra Passage 8 Key：DCBCUnit 9Text: ExercisesA: cB. 1.b 2.c 3.c 4.b 5.c 6.d 7.b 8.b 9.aD. 1.d 2.c 3.b 4.a 5.b 6.d 7.a 8.c 9.b 10.a11.cFast reading1.d2.c3.b4.c5.a6.b7.c8.c9.b 10.c 11.b 12.c 13.d 14.d 15.BHome Reading1.d2.c3.d4.c5.a6.b7.dCloze 91.with2.than3.linked4.that5.presenting6.out.es8.Distinguish9.devoted10.shortExtra Passage 9 Key：DBDCC .Unit 10Text: ExercisesA: cB. 1.c 2.d 3.c 4.c 5.d 6.b 7.a 8.c 9.a 10.cD. 1.d 2.c 3.d 4.b 5.c 6.a 7.c 8.a 9.d 10.c11.b 12.d Fast reading1.d2.b3.d4.c5.c6.d7.c8.c9.d 10.b 11.b 12.d 13.d 14.c 15.aHome Reading1.c2.a3.d4.c5.b6.a7.c8.b9.bCloze 101．encounter2．rule3．context4．Target5．With6．sense7．approaches/ways/methods 8．on9．from10．despiteExtra Passage10 Key：CADAUnit 11Text: ExercisesA: dB. 1.a 2.d 3.a 4.c 5.c 6.d 7.c 8.bD. 1.a 2.b 3.a 4.c 5.b 6.d 7.c 8.a 9.a 10.b 11.a12.d 13.cFast reading1.d2.c3.d4.a5.b6.c7.c8.b9.d 10.a 11.c 12.c 13.b 14.c 15.aHome Reading1.b2.c3.a4.d5.b6.b7.c8.d9.d 10.dCloze 111. Into2. where_3. on4. to5. average6. back7. so8. from9. longer10. costExtra Passage 11 Key：CABBUnit 12Text: ExercisesA: bB. 1.b 2.b 3.b 4.d 5.d 6.c 7.b 8.cD. 1.c 2.d 3.c 4.c 5.d 6.a 7.c 8.d 9.b 10.a 11.d12.c 13.aFast reading1.b2.b3.d4.d5.c6.d7.b8.d9.b 10.c 11.c 12.d 13.c 14.b 15.dHome Reading1.b2.c3.d4.c5.c6.b7.a8.d9.b 10.b 11.cCloze 12Clearly if we are to participate in the society in which we live, we must communicate with other people. A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-t o-person basis by the simple means of speech. If we travel in buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are likely to have conversations where we give information or opinions, receive news or comment, and very likely have our views challenged by other members of society.Face-to-face contact is by no means the only form of communication and during the last two hundred years the art of mass communication has become one of the dominating factors of contemporary society. Two things, above others, have caused the enormous growth of the communication industry. Firstly, inventiveness has led to advances in printing, telecommunications, photography, radio and television. Secondly, speed has revolutionized the transmission and reception of communications so that local news often takes a back seat to nationalnews, which itself i s often almost eclipsed by international news.Extra Passage 12 Key: BDCBUnit 13Text: ExercisesA: aB. 1.c 2.d 3.c 4.a 5.d 6.b 7.a 8.bD. 1.c 2.b 3.a 4.d 5.a 6.c 7.a 8.b 9.d 10.bFast reading1.c2.d3.a4.c5.c6.c7.a8.c9.c 10.d 11.b 12.d 13.b 14.d 15.bHome Reading1.b2.d3.b4.c5.c6.b7.d8.dCloze 13Imagining being asked to spend twelve or so years of your life in a society which consisted only ofthere was something definitely wrong with you, you wouldn’t be too happy about it, to say the least. Itabnormal conditions on their children – conditionsone minute!Any discussion of this topic is bound to question the aims of education. Stuffing children’s heads full of knowledge is far from being foremost amongrequire to take their place in adult society. Now adult society is made up of men and women, so how can a segregated school possibly offer the right sort of preparation for it? Anyone entering adult society after years of segregation can only be in for a shock.nothing less than a true version of society in miniature. Boys and girls are given the opportunityto get to know each other, to learn to live together from their earliest years. They are put in a positionand many of the extra-curricular activities which are part of school life. What a practical advantage it is ( to give just a small example ) to be able to put on a school play in which the male parts will be taken by boys and the female parts by girls! What nonsense co-education makes of the argument that boys are cleverer than girl or vice-versa. When segregated, boys and girls are made to feel that they are a race apart. Rivalry between the sexes is fostered. In a coeducational school, everything falls into its proper place.Extra Passage 13 Key: DCDAUnit 14Text: ExercisesA: cB. 1.d 2.d 3.c 4.a 5.d 6.d 7.a 8.bD. 1.d 2.a 3.c 4.a 5.d 6.b 7.a 8.b 9.a 10.d11.bFast reading1.d2.d3.a4.b5.b6.b7.d8.d9.c 10.a 11.d 12.c 13.a 14.c 15.bHome Reading1.c2.d3.c4.d5.a6.d7.dExtra Passage 14 Key: CACCDUnit 15Text: ExercisesA: cB. 1.a 2.b 3.b 4.a 5.c 6.b 7.c 8.c 9.d 10.b11.bD. 1.b 2.a 3.b 4.c 5.c 6.a 7.C 8.a 9.c 10.d 11.b12.bFast reading1.c2.a3.c4.c5.b6.a7.c8.c9.d 10.c 11.d 12.d 13.a 14.d 15.aHome Reading1.c2.d3.a4.c5.d6.d7.c8.cExtra Passage 15 Key: CBBDA赠送常用精致线性可编辑小图标。
刘乃银主编《英语泛读教程》(1)Unit 1
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1.3.2 Possible difficult words, phrases and sentences
• Some species of blacksnakes are not venomous. • Coluber constrictor.
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1.3.2 Possible difficult words, phrases and sentences
1
Thought questions:
5. What revelations do you have about this story?
2
特别说明： 本教程的课件所引用的外来材料除非特别注明，一般均出自 网络维基百科词典
Jesse Hilton Stuart ( 1907 –1984) was an American writer who is known for writing short stories, poetry, and novels about Southern Appalachia.
(l. 6) We heard a ground whistle vi. to move quickly, making a high sound squirrel whistle down over the bluff among e.g. the dead treetops at The wind whistled down the the clearing’s edge. chimney. （编者）从悬崖上空地边缘 的枯萎的树梢里传来了一 只地松鼠的叫声。 我们听到了一只地松鼠迅速 窜下…
牛群不断地从悬崖上的板 栗橡树林中跑过来，横穿 过玉米苗田。他们咬掉玉 米苗尖，继而踩倒幼苗。
英语泛读教程1第3版参考答案
Unit 1Text:A. dB. 1. c 2. d 3. d 4. a 5. d 6. c, 7. a 8. c 9. dC. 1. d 2. b 3. d 4. d 5. a 6. d 7. c 8. b 9. d 10. d Fast Reading:1. c2. d3. b4. c5. c6. d7. a8. c9. d 10. c 11. c 12. c 13. b 14. c 15. dHome Reading:1. d2. b3. b4. c5. c6. b7. a8. b9. d 10.c Unit 2Text:A. dB. 1. b 2. c 3. c 4. d 5. c 6. c, 7. a 8. cC. 1. a 2. d 3. d 4. b 5. a 6. b 7. b 8. b 9. c 10. a Fast Reading:1. b2. d3. d4. a5. c6. c7. d8. b9. c 10. a 11. d 12. d 13. d 14. c 15. dHome Reading：1. c2. d3. d4. c5. c6. d7. d8. d9. d 10. b 11. b 12. aUnit 3Text：A．cB．1．c 2．d 3．b 4．c 5．c 6、d 7．c 8．c 9．b10.d 11，d 12．cC．1．b 2．a 3．a 4．d 5．b 6．a 7．a 8．d 9．a 10．aFast Reading：1．b 2．c 3．c 4．d 5．b 6．c 7．b 8．a 9．c 10．c 11.d 12.d 13.d 14.d 15.bHome Reading：1．c 2．d 3．c 4．b 5．b 6．a 7．d 8．bUnit 4Text：A．cB．1．b 2．d 3．c 4．d 5．c 6．b 7．d 8．b 9．d 10．cC．1．a 2．a 3．b 4．d 5．a 6．d 7．b 8．d 9．c Fast Reading：1．c 2．c 3，d 4．a 5。
英语专业大一泛读(刘乃银版)附加阅读练习(带答案)
Passage 1 (Unit 1, Book I: Love.Short story. Family. Love)After 21 years of marriage, my wife wanted me to take another woman out to dinner and a movie. She said, "I love you, but I know this other woman loves you too, and she would love to spend some time with you."The other woman that my wife wanted me to visit was my MOTHER, who has been a widow for 19 years, but the demands of my work and my three children had made it possible to visit her only occasionally. That night I called to invite her to go out for dinner and a movie. "What's wrong, are you well?" she asked. My mother is the type of woman who suspects that a late night call or a surprise invitation is a sign of bad news."I thought that it would be pleasant to spend some time with you," I responded. "Just the two of us." She thought about it for a moment, and then said, "I would like that very much."That Friday after work, as I drove over to pick her up, I was a bit nervous. When I arrived at her house, I noticed that she, too, seemed to be nervous about our date. She waited in the door with her coat on. She had curled her hair and was wearing the dress that she had worn to celebrate her last wedding anniversary. She smiled from a face that was as radiant as an angel's. "I told my friends that I was going to go out with my son, and they were impressed," she said, as she got into the car. "They can't wait to hear about our meeting."We went to a restaurant that, although not elegant, was very nice and cozy. My mother took my arm as if she were the First Lady. After we sat down, I had to read the menu. Her eyes could only read large print. Half way through the entries, I lifted my eyes and saw Mom sitting there staring at me. A nostalgic smile was on her lips."It was I who used to have to read the menu when you were small," she said."Then it's time that you relax and let me return the favor," I responded.During the dinner, we had an agreeable conversation - nothing extraordinary but catching up on recent events of each other's life. We talked so much that we missed the movie.As we arrived at her house later, she said, "I'll go out with you again, but only if you let me invite you." I agreed."How was your dinner date?" asked my wife when I got home."Very nice. Much more so than I could have imagined," I answered.A few days later, my mother died of a massive heart attack. It happened so suddenly that I didn't have a chance to do anything for her. Some time later, I received an envelope with a copy of a restaurant receipt from the same place mother and I had dined. An attached note said: "I paid this bill in advance. I wasn't sure that I could be there; but nevertheless, I paid for two plates - one for you and the other for your wife. You will never know what that night meant for me. I love you, son."At that moment, I understood the importance of saying in time: "I LOVE YOU" and to give our loved ones the time that they deserve. Nothing in life is more important than your family. Give them the time they deserve, because these things cannot be put off till "some other time".1. When the mother heard it was the son’s call, she was __________.A. worriedB. surprisedC. suspiciousD. puzzled2. The mother’s friends were most impressed by __________.A. the memorable date between the mother and the sonB. the mother’s realization of her long-awaited dreamC. the son’s love for his motherD. the mother’s pride in her son3. When the mother took the author’s arm into the restaurant, she __________.A. looked like the First LadyB. was treated like the First LadyC. was as important as the First LadyD. felt as proud as being the First Lady4. What did the mother mainly talk about to the author during the dinner?A. Her life after the author’s marriage.B. Her life since the author’s last visit.C. Her memory about the author as a child.D. Her expectation about future reunions.5. The mother insisted on inviting the author to dinner because __________.A. she was going to die soonB. she wanted to show her loveC. she did not expect the heart attackD. she intended to thank him and his wife6. The passage intends to teach us how to cherish __________.A. our parentsB. loveC. our familyD. lifePassage 2 (Unit 2, Book I: Little house in the Big Woods.Autobiography)I start from my home in the quiet little suburb of Forest Hills, Long Island. Here , surrounded by green lawns, trees, and flowers, are neat little houses, happy with the voices and movements of wives and children, havens of peaceful rest for men who toil in the city. I drive across the lacy structure of steel which spans the East River, and I get a new and startling vision of the power and ingenuity of the mind of man. Busy boasts chug and scurry about the river - racy speed boat, stolid, snorting tugs. If I had long days of sight ahead, I should spend many of them watching the delightful activity upon the river.I look ahead, and before me rise the fantastic towers of New York, a city that seems to have stepped from the pages of a fairy story. What an awe-inspiring sight, these glittering spires. These vast banks of stone and steel-structures such as the gods might build for themselves! This animated picture is a part of the lives of millions of people every day. How many, I wonder, give it so much as a sec ond’s glance? Very few, I fear, their eyes are blind to this magnificent sight because it is so familiar to them.I hurry to the top of one of those gigantic structures, the Empire State Building, for there, a short time ago, I "saw" the city below through the eyes of my secretary. I am anxious to compare my fancy with reality. I am sure I should not be disappointed in the panorama spread out before me, for to me it would be a vision of another world.Now I begin my rounds of the city. First, I stand at a busy corner, merely looking at people, trying by sight of them to understand something of their life. I see smiles, and I am happy. I see serious determination, and I am proud, I see suffering, and I am compassionate.I stroll down Fifth Avenue. I throw my eyes out of focus, so that I see no particular object but only a seething kaleidoscope of colors. I am certain that the colors of women's dresses moving in a throng must be a gorgeous spectacle of which I should never tire. But perhaps if I had sight I should be like most other women -- too interested in styles and the cut of individual dresses to give much attention to the splendor of color in the mass. And I am convinced, too, that I should become an inveterate window shopper, for it must be a delight to the eye to view the myriad articles of beauty on display.From Fifth Avenue I make a tour of the city-to Park Avenue, to the slums, to factories, to parks where children play. I take a stay-at-home trip abroad by visiting the foreign quarters. Always my eyes are open wide to all the sights of both happiness and misery so that I may probe deep and add to my understanding of how people work and live. My heart is full of the images of people and things. My eye passes lightly over no single trifle; it strives to touch and hold closely each thing its gaze rests upon. Some sights are pleasant, filling the heart with happiness; but some are miserably pathetic. To these latter I do not shut my eyes, for they, too, are part of life. To close the eye on them is to close the heart and mind.My third day of sight is drawing to an end. Perhaps there are many serious pursuits to which I should devote the few remaining hours, but I am afraid that on the evening of that last day I should again run away to the theater, to a hilariously funny play, so that I might appreciate the overtones of comedy in the human spirit.1. According to the first paragraph, the author is amazed at seeing __________.A. the housesB. the bridgeC. the boatsD. the river2. The author most probably thinks that the New Yorkers are __________ the “glittering spires”.A. scornful ofB. overwhelmed byC. indifferent toD. knowledgeable about3. When the author sees the passers-by, she would like to __________.A. share their emotionsB. show sympathy to themC. enjoy the same life stylesD. perceive their bosom feelings4. When the author observes a woman’s dress, she pays most attention to __________.A. its designer and brandB. its style and cuttingC. its colorD. its price5. What is the author’s attitude towards her present life?A. She wants to treat it like a comedy.B. She wants to change her life style.C. She enjoys her blindness.D. She is appreciative of life.Passage 3 (Unit 3, Book I: Young Shakespeare.Biography)Every person plans to run off to some tropical isle, but few do. Real life, family, work, and monetary limitations get in the way. Ian Fleming let none of these considerations stop him.After the war, Fleming set down his schedule. The first week of January saw him leave England and travel to Jamaica. The first week of March saw his return. He accepted his job at Kemsley newspapers without compromise -- this portion of the year would be set aside for Jamaica or he would look elsewhere for employment.For 6 years Fleming traveled each winter to Jamaica, lounging in paradise, romancing women, chasing the sunset, but it was not until he faced the pressure of a married woman who was pregnant with his child did Fleming start the writer's journey which would change his life and popular culture forever. As Fleming waited in Jamaica for Anne's divorce to become final, he wrote the first draft of a novel, Casino Royale.Fleming's career as a writer deserves more examination than can be offered here, but suffice it to say, over the next 12 years, Ian Fleming transformed his elite existence, his arrogance, his style, and his acid wit into some of the greatest thrillers ever written. Fleming incurred the respect of authors as diverse as Raymond Chandler, Kingsley Amis, and Edith Sitwell. His fans included John, Jackie, and Bobby Kennedy, and his social circle included Prime Minister Anthony Eden, Evelyn Waugh, and Somerset Maugham.Fleming filled out the 12 years of Bond with great adventure journalism. Even in stories which had little action or pay off, such as his short non-fiction book, The Diamond Smugglers, the "Fleming-flair" ensured exciting reading. He wrote the "Atticus" column for the Sunday Times, proving a wonderful conduit for inside intelligence information, and clever rebukes.Regardless of book sales or family obligations, Fleming managed to live the life he wanted. As the years passed, his passion for golfing increased so he took more time with it. Fleming's long-term fascination with America grew, so he traveled there more often.Ian Fleming's full life caught up with him through his heart. It may be that years of drinking and smoking took their toll, or that the butter-rich cooking Fleming loved was the culprit. Or maybe it was just genetics. Whatever the cause, Fleming's health declined in the late 1950s. This plus anxieties in the marriage increased Fleming's depression. With the success of Bond, the world came knocking at Fleming's door, and he had a harder time shutting those out that he did not want in his life.Nonetheless, Fleming fought the loosing battle of his weakening heart by throwing more fuel on the fire. He continued to drink and smoke, making some excuses but not many. He wrote books he wanted to read, and traveled the world with style and authority. By this time, Fleming had already earned his own fortune, created his own identity, and ruled his own literary empire.1. According to the second paragraph, Fleming accepted the job offered by Kemsley newspaper __________.A. and had to give up his yearly holiday plan to JamaicaB. because he was offered to work in Jamaica every winterC. so that he wouldn’t have to look for employment elsewhereD. on condition that he took two months off to Jamaica every year2. When he began writing, Fleming never expected that __________.A. he would change popular cultureB. he could get over the pressureC. Anne would have a divorceD. Anne would keep his child3. Fleming’s thrillers reflected his __________.A. sense for popular cultureB. relationship with AnneC. own personalitiesD. life at Jamaica4. The fact that “Fleming filled out the 12 years of Bond with great adventure journalism” shows that __________.A. Fleming took up journalism when he finished Bond’s adventuresB. Fleming put Bond through many thrilling adventuresC. Fleming described Bond as an adventurous journalistD. Fleming experienced Bond’s adventures when he was a journalist5. According to the passage, Fleming died of __________.A. an unidentified reasonB. a disease of the heartC. an unknown family diseaseD. over drinking and smokingPassage 4 (Unit 4, Book I: Migratory Birds and rmational. Biology) Scrub jays can trick you, researchers say. Monkeys kick themselves for mistakes in judgment. And at least one parrot figured out something close to the mathematical concept of zero. In study after study over the past decade, they've shown abilities previously thought to exist only in humans.Take the scrub jays. A few years ago, Cambridge University professor Nicky Clayton, PhD, found that these birds can be surprisingly cunning, remembering not only what foods they've hidden but where, how long ago, and whether anyone else might have noticed. "If another bird was watching, they'd wait until that bird was gone and then move the food," Clayton says.Even more interesting, not all jays protected their food that way-only those that had previously raided other birds' stores. "It takes a thief to know a thief," says Clayton.Another recent experiment hints that monkeys experience regret when they make the wrong choice: Researchers say brain scans suggest the animals were having "could’ve, would’ve, should’ve" thoughts."I knew monkeys were smart, but I didn't think they were that smart," says Michael Platt, PhD, the Duke University neurobiologist who led the study.But perhaps no animal has done more to challenge conventional notions than Alex, an African gray parrot, a 30-year research subject for scientist Irene Pepperberg, PhD. He was constantly being tested; when he was tired of it, he would tell Pepperberg, "Wanna go back"-to hiscage. If the request annoyed her, Alex would say, "Sorry." One afternoon, he showed an apparent grasp of something only humans and a few apes had been known to understand: the notion of zero.Pepperberg had a tray of different-colored balls; she wanted Alex to count each group. Using their shorthand, she asked, "What color six? What color two?" Bored, Alex threw the balls on the floor instead. Then, finally, he said, "Five." And repeated it: "Five. Five." There were no five of anything on the tray. So Pepperberg asked, "Okay, smarty, what color five?"Alex said, "None."Not only had the bird figured out an abstract mathematical concept, he had manipulated Pepperberg into asking the question so he could prove it. "I nearly dropped the tray," she says.1.Which of the following kinds of scrub jays are “surprisingly cunning”?A.Those that were stolen of their food.B.Those that learned from parents to steal.C.Those that stole other birds of their food.D.Those that observed other birds steal.2.The "could’ve, would’ve, should’ve" thoughts indicate that monkeys could __________.A.feel regretfulB.feel angryC.be conscientiousD.be objective3.The author thinks that it is most beyond imagination that Alex could __________.A.understand numbersB.interact with humansC.show various emotionsD.grasp the concept of zero4.Alex manipulated Pepperberg into asking the question “what color five?” by __________.A.mentioning the number “five”B.disregarding the res earcher’s questionC.showing boredom about constant testsD.throwing the balls on the floor5.Which paragraph best sums up the main idea of the passage?A.Paragraph 1.B.Paragraph 2.C.Paragraph 4.D.Paragraph 6.Passage 5 (Unit 5, Book I: Cheating.Short story. Growing up. Schooling)I started for school very late that morning and was in great dread of a scolding, especially because Mr. Hamel had said that he would question us on participles, and I did not know the first word about them. For a moment I thought of running away and spending the day out of doors. It was so warm, so bright! The birds were chirping at the edge of the woods; and in the open field back of the sawmill, the Prussian soldiers were drilling. It was all much more tempting than the rule for participles, but I had the strength to resist, and hurried off to school.When I passed the town hall there was a crowd in front of the bulletin-board. For the last twoyears all our bad news had come from there—the lost battles, the draft, the orders of the commanding officer—and I thought to myself, without stopping: “What can be the matter now?”Then, as I hurried by as fast as I could go, the blacksmith, Wachter, who was there, with his apprentice, reading the bulletin, called after me: “Don’t go so fast, boy; you’ll get to your school in plenty of time!”I thought he was making fun of me, and reached Mr. Hamel’s little garden all out of breath.Usually, when school began, there was a great bustle, which could be heard out in the street, the opening and closing of desks, lessons repeated in unison, very loud, with our hands over our ears to understand better, and the teacher’s great ruler rapping on the table. But now it was all so still! I had counted on the commotion to get to my desk without being seen; but, of course, that day everything had to be as quiet as Sunday morning. Through the window I saw my classmates, already in their places, and Mr. Hamel walking up and down with his terrible iron ruler under his arm. I had to open the door and go in before everybody. You can imagine how I blushed and how frightened I was.But nothing happened. Mr. Hamel saw me and said very kindly: “Go to your place quickly, little Franz. We were beginning without you.”I jumped over the bench and sat down at my desk. Not till then, when I had got a little over my fright, did I see that our teacher had on his beautiful green coat, his frilled shirt, and the little black silk cap, all embroidered, that he never wore except on inspection and prize days. Besides, the whole school seemed so strange and solemn. But the thing that surprised me most was to see, on the back benches that were always empty, the village people sitting quietly like ourselves; old Hauser, with his three-cornered hat, the former mayor, the former postmaster, and several others besides. Everybody looked sad; and Hauser had brought an old primer, torn at the edges, and he held it open on his knees with his great spectacles lying across the pages.While I was wondering about it all, Mr. Hamel mounted his chair, and, in the same grave and gentle tone which he had used to me, said: “My children, this is the last lesson I shall give you. The order has come from Berlin to teach only German in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine. The new master comes tomorrow. This is your last French lesson. I want you to be very attentive.”1. The author was afraid of the particle quiz because __________.A. he wasn’t interested in learning particles at allB. he was absent from the first lesson on particlesC. he didn’t know an y particles the teacher had taughtD. he forgot the first few particles the teacher had taught2. On the bulletin-board, “the draft” was most probably meant to __________.A. enlist more soldiers to serve the armyB. impose more taxes on the townspeopleC. announce an effective battle planD. withdraw troops from the front line3. In order to get into the classroom without being notice, the author used to __________.A. slip in from the back doorB. take advantage of the noise and bustleC. wait until the teacher turned his backD. sneak in during the break4. The author didn’t feel the strange atmosphere until __________.A. he heard the blacksmith calling after himB. he heard it would be the last French lessonC. he saw the village people on the back benchesD. he saw Mr. Hamel on his most beautiful clothes5. What do we know about old Hauser?A. He came to inspect the school.B. He was a respectable villager.C. He had an old textbook with him.D. He came for the school open day.Passage 6 (Unit 6, Book I: Fool’s Paradise.Fable)In the south of Spain, there was a small village whose people were very joyful and lucky. The children played under the shade of trees in the gardens of their home. A shepherd boy whose name was Nasir, stayed near the village with his father, mother and grandmother. Early morning each day, he takes his herd of goats up the hills to find a suitable place for them to graze. In the afternoon he would return with them to the village. At night his grandmother would tell him a story. As usual, on one of these days, as Nasir was watching his herd and playing his flute he suddenly saw a wonderful light behind the flower bush. When he came towards the branches he saw a transparent and most beautiful crystal ball.The crystal ball was glittering like a colorful rainbow. Nasir carefully took it in his hand and turned it around. With surprise suddenly he heard a weak voice coming from the crystal ball. It said; "You can make a wish that your heart desires and I will fulfill it." Nasir could not believe that he had actually heard a voice. But he became so engrossed in his thoughts for he had so many wishes but he must wish for something which was impossible like the wish to be able to fly. He said to himself, if I wait till tomorrow I will remember many things. He put the crystal ball in a bag and gathered the herd, happily returned back to the village. He decided that he would not tell anyone about the crystal ball. On the following day also, Nasir could not decide what to wish for, because he really had everything he needed.The days passed as usual, and Nasir appeared to be very cheerful that the people around him were amazed to see his cheerful disposition. One day a boy followed Nasir and his herd and hid behind a tree. Nasir as usual sat in one corner, took out the crystal ball and for a few moments looked at it. The boy waited for the moment when Nasir would go to sleep. Then he took the crystal ball and ran away. When he arrived in the village, he called all the people and showed them the crystal ball. The citizens of that village took the crystal ball in their hand and turned it around with surprise. Suddenly they heard a voice from inside the crystal ball, which says, "I can fulfill your wish." One person took the ball and screamed, "I want one bag full of gold." Another took the ball and said loudly, "I want two chests full of jewelry."Some of them wished that they would have their own palace with grand door made from pure gold instead of their old houses. Some also wished for bags full of jewelry, but nobody asked for gardens in their palaces. All their wishes were fulfilled but still the citizens of the village were not happy. They were jealous because the person that had a palace had no gold and the person that had the gold had no palace. For this reason, the citizens of the village were angry and were not speaking to each other. There was not even one garden which existed in the village where thechildren could play. The patience of the children was running out and they were uncomfortable. Nasir and his family were happy and pleased. Every morning and afternoon he would play the flute.The children could not wait anymore and decided to return the crystal ball to Nasir. The parents and neighbours went to him. The children said to Nasir; "When we had a small village we all were happy and joyful." The parent also spoke. In one way or another nobody is happy. The expensive palaces and jewelry only bring us pain. When Nasir saw that the people were really regretful, he said I have not wished till now, if you really want everything to return to its own place, then I will wish for it. Everyone happily agreed. Nasir took the crystal ball in his hand turned around and wished that the village become the same as it was before. Everyone quickly turned towards the village and saw it became the same old village with gardens full of trees and fruits. Once again the people started to live happily and the children played under the shade of trees. From the next day and everyday at sunset the sound of Nasir's flute could be heard in the village.1. The details in the story are organized in the pattern of __________.A. cause and effectB. chronological orderC. spatial orderD. exemplification2. When Nasir heard the voice from the crystal ball, he didn’t answer immediately because __________.A. he wanted to save the wish for his familyB. he was too happy to remember anythingC. he was shocked by the talking ballD. he didn’t know what wish to make3. The boy followed Nasir in order to __________.A. prove that Nasir was hiding something goodB. take the ball and share with the villagersC. find out why Nasir was cheerfulD. steal the ball when Nasir slept4. “Nasir and his family were happy and pleased” because __________.A. only their family had a gardenB. their life was not disturbed by the ballC. they saw the trouble caused by the ballD. they only wished for a happy life5. The story may well illustrate the proverb “__________”.A. A contented mind is a continual feast.B. A little learning is a dangerous thing.C. Every advantage has its disadvantage.D. God helps those who help themselves.Passage 7 (Unit 7, Book I: The Call of the Wild.Novel. Classical.)215 FERGUSSEN HALL24th SeptemberDear Kind-Trustee-Who-Sends-Orphans-to-College,Here I am! I travelled yesterday for four hours in a train. It's a funny sensation, isn't it? I never rode in one before.College is the biggest, most bewildering place--I get lost whenever I leave my room. I will write you a description later when I'm feeling less muddled; also I will tell you about my lessons. Classes don't begin until Monday morning, and this is Saturday night. But I wanted to write a letter first just to get acquainted.It seems queer to be writing letters to somebody you don't know. It seems queer for me to be writing letters at all--I've never written more than three or four in my life, so please overlook it if these are not a model kind.Before leaving yesterday morning, Mrs. Lippett and I had a very serious talk. She told me how to behave all the rest of my life, and especially how to behave towards the kind gentleman who is doing so much for me. I must take care to be Very Respectful.But how can one be very respectful to a person who wishes to be called John Smith? Why couldn't you have picked out a name with a little personality? I might as well write letters to Dear Hitching-Post or Dear Clothes-Prop.I have been thinking about you a great deal this summer; having somebody take an interest in me after all these years makes me feel as though I had found a sort of family. It seems as though I belonged to somebody now, and it's a very comfortable sensation. I must say, however, that when I think about you, my imagination has very little to work upon. There are just three things that I know: I. You are tall. II. You are rich. III. You hate girls.I suppose I might call you Dear Mr. Girl-Hater. Only that's rather insulting to me. Or Dear Mr. Rich-Man, but that's insulting to you, as though money were the only important thing about you. Besides, being rich is such a very external quality. Maybe you won't stay rich all your life; lots of very clever men get smashed up in Wall Street. But at least you will stay tall all your life! So I've decided to call you Dear Daddy-Long-Legs. I hope you won't mind. It's just a private pet name we won't tell Mrs. Lippett.The ten o'clock bell is going to ring in two minutes. Our day is divided into sections by bells. We eat and sleep and study by bells. It's very enlivening; I feel like a fire horse all of the time. There it goes! Lights out. Good night.Observe with what precision I obey rules--due to my training in the John Grier Home.Yours most respectfully,Jerusha AbbottTo Mr. Daddy-Long-Legs Smith1. Jerus ha felt “muddled” because __________.A. she had never written to the trustee beforeB. she was not familiar with the college yetC. she could never find the way to her roomD. she had never traveled on a train before2. Jerusha thought that she could n’t be very respectful to “John Smith” because __________.A. he was a total stranger to her。
英语泛读教程3---UNIT1(刘乃银)
/data/ce/er/3/KECHENX/BOOK3/UNIT1/UNIT1.HTMExercisesA. Determining the main idea. Choose the best answer. Do not refer to the text.The main idea of the text is _______ . ( D )(a) that English ancestors invented the main part of the English language in four different ways(b) that invented words are generally made up in three different ways(c) that borrowed words and other kinds of words make up about one fifth of the English language(d) how various kinds of English words are inventedB. Comprehending the text.Choose the best answer.1.English has __________ words. ( C )(a) 6 000(b) 60 000(c) 600 000(d) 6 000 0002. Ampere, volt and watt are examples of __________ . ( D )(a) invented words(b) imitative words(c) borrowed words(d) words from the names of persons3. Prefixes and suffixes are _____________. ( B )(a) whole words that don't have their own meanings(b) parts of words that have their special meanings(c) from either Greek or Latin .(d) parts of words that are meaningless4. According to the text, "graph" can be used as ___________. ( D )(a) a root word(b) a prefix(c) a suffix(d) all of the above5. Every day, ______ lead to the invention of many new words to describe them. ( A)(a) new discoveries in science and technology(b) Anglo-Saxon words(c) root words(d) nonsense words6. An invented word may become a permanent part of the English language, if ______ . ( C )(a) people know where it came from(b) it was invented by a famous writer(c) it has been used by many people over a long period of time(d) linguists are interested in it7. In the text, the author repeatedly mentions Lewis Carroll as he was________________. ( D )(a) an English actor good at making people laugh(b) a dishonest politician(c) a character in Alice in Wonderland(d) a great inventor of meaningless words8. "Gobbledygook" is an example of ________.( D )(a) imitative words that sound like the thing or action they stand for(b) words invented by combining different meanings together(c) words made up of prefixes and suffixes(d) long big words that mean nothing9. In the author's opinion, the best words are _________. ( D )(a) short ones(b) gobbledygook(c) long, fancy ones(d) short, old ones10. The author's primary purpose in writing this article is to __________. ( B )(a) please the reader with the interesting story of different kinds of words(b) give a general account of the formation of three kinds of words(c) encourage the reader to learn words according to the word formation(d) introduce the history of the English languageC. Understanding vocabulary.Choose the correct definition according to the context.1. The other one fifth is made up partly of borrowed words and partly of three other kinds of words: words from the names of peoples and places; imitative words; and invented words. ( A )(a) reproducing closely(b) similar(c) original(d) root2. Pasteurized gets its name from Louis Pasteur, a French doctor who invented the process for purifying milk. ( B )(a) Distilled(b) Purified(c) Processed(d) Invented3. Some words, like astronaut, are made up entirely of Greek or Latin prefixes and suffixes. ( C )(a) one engaged in the study of the stars(b) one engaged in the study of the universe(c) one engaged in space flight(d) a scientific observer of the celestial bodies4. If the prefix anti- means "against," what does antibiotic really mean? ( A )(a) antibacterial(b) health-protecting(c) bacteria-producing(d) non-organic5. Linguists guess that these are nonsense words because they have not been able to trace them back to any of the ancestor languages. ( A )(a) Those studying the science of language(b) Those studying the meaning of words(c) Those studying the origins of words(d) Those studying the mystery of words6. Most of Carroll's nonsense words are not used in English, except for "chortle." ( C )(a) chuckle(b) snort(c) gleeful chuckle(d) noisy snorting7. "But ‘glory' doesn't mean ‘a nice knockdown argument'," Alice objected. ( B )(a) falling(b) overwhelming(c) convincing(d) unpleasantD. Discussing the following topics.1. Why do many people use gobbledygook?答案It seems that the purpose of usinggobbledygook is to cheat people. Many people usegobbledygook because they want to appear moreimportant than they really are or because theydon't really want people to understand what theymean or what they are doing.2. Do you agree with Humpty Dumpty regarding the meaning of a word? Why or why not?答案 Well, I don't quite agree with him.This issue involves philosophical thinkingregarding the relationship between language andidea. If a word means whatever people choose itto mean, the meaning will vary from one person toanother, and people will not be able tocommunicate. On the other hand, people may use thesame word in different ways which lead todifferent meanings. No matter how different thesame word may mean, the meaning should bemeaningful so that others can understand it.3. What makes a master of language? Can you name some masters of language?答案"A master knows what words really mean, andwhere they come from; know when to use big,important ones and when to use the shorter,equally important ones". Brevity is the soul oflanguage. Shakespeare and Samuel Johnson areamong masters of language.PracticeAdd the missing words to the following headlines.1. Council leader raps school decision( The Council leader raps the school decision. )2. Bush, leaders meet in D.C.( Bush and the leaders meet in D.C. )3. Fed policy may start to focus on risk of slowing economy( The Federal policy may start to focus on the risk of the slowing economy. )4. Last call on the horizon( The last call on the horizon. )5. Regulators approve $72B drug merger( The regulators approve $72 billion drug merger. )6. Bad weather knocks retailer for loopP assage OneHave you ever heard "hit the nail on the head"? Have you ever watched a clumsy man hammering a nail into a box? He hits it first to one side, then to another, perhaps knocking it over completely, so that in the end he only gets half of it into the wood. A skillful carpenter, on the other hand, will drive home the nail with a few firm, deft blows, hitting it each time squarely on the head. So it is with language; the good craftsman will choose words that drive home his point firmly and exactly. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English. He will try always to get the word that is completely right for his purpose.The French have an apt phrase for this. They speak of "le mot juste", the word that is just right. Stories are told of scrupulous writers, like Flaubert, who spent days trying to get one or two sentences exactly right. Words are many and various; they are subtle and delicate in their different shades of meaning, and it is not easy to find the ones that express precisely what we want to say. It is not only a matter of having a good command of language and a fairly wide vocabulary; it is also necessary to think hard and to observe accurately. Choosing words is part of the process of realization, of defining our thoughts and feelings for ourselves, as well as for those who hear or read our words. Someone once remarked: "How can I know what I think till I see what I say?" This sounds stupid, but there is a great deal of truth in it.It is hard work choosing the right words, but we shall be rewarded by the satisfaction that finding them brings. The exact use of language gives us mastery over the material we are dealing with. Perhaps you have been asked "What sort of a man is so-and-so?" You begin: "Oh, I think he's quite a nice chap but he's rather..." and then you hesitate trying to find a word or phrase to express what it is about him that you don't like, thatconstitutes his limitation. When you find the right phrase you feel that your conception of the man is clearer and sharper.In certain primitive tribes it was thought dangerous to reveal your name to a stranger. It might give him power over you. Even in modern civilized society you find yourself at a slight social disadvantage if someone knows your name but you don't know his. Command of words is ultimately command over life and experience.(447 words)1. The author uses the idiom "hit the nail on the head" to demonstrate ______ .( D )(a) the skill of a carpenter(b) the importance of being skillful(c) how one's point can be driven home(d) the importance for a writer to choose the right word2. The word "scrupulous" in paragraph two means ________ . ( A )(a) minutely careful(b) highly skillful(c) very accomplished(d) carpenter-like3. To find an appropriate word for the specified purpose ________. ( D )(a) is a matter of command of the specific language only(b) is a matter of vocabulary(c) is to pick out a word with subtle meaning(d) involves telling people your thoughts and feelings4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? ( C )(a) Choosing a right word for the right situation is challenging and rewarding.(b) Choosing a right word means weighing among its many synonyms.(c) You need to have a clear idea of the thing you are describing to choose the right word.(d) The different shades of meaning are helpful to our expression of ideas.5. It can be inferred that the paragraph that follows the passage may possibly discuss ______ . ( B )(a) a carpenter's work(b) choice of words(c) modern civilized society(d) primitive tribes TOPP assage TwoEnglish has a wide vocabulary and it is a very flexible language. There are many different ways of making a statement. But words that are very similar in meaning have fine shades of difference and a student needs to be alive to these differences. By using his dictionary, and above all by reading, a student can increase his sensitivity to these shades of difference and improve his ability to express his own meanings exactly.Professor Raleigh once stated: "There are no synonyms, and the same statement can never be repeated in a changed form of words." This is perhaps too absolute, but it is not easy to disapprove. Even a slight alteration in the wording of a statement can subtly shift the meaning. The change in words is a change in style, and the effect on the reader is quite different. It is perhaps easier to be a good craftsman with wood and nails than a good craftsman with words, but all of us can increase our skill and sensitivity with a little effort and patience. In this way we shall not only improve our writing, but also our reading.Above all we should try to cultivate an interest in words. The study of words, of their origins and shifting meanings, can tell us a great deal about human life and thought. English offers a fascinating variety of words for many activities and interests.The foreign student of English may be discouraged and dismayed when he learns that there are over 400 000 words in the English language, without counting slang. But let him take courage. More than half of these words are dead. Even Shakespeare used a vocabulary of only some 20 000 words. The average Englishman today probably has a vocabulary range of from 12 000 to 13 000 words. It is good to make your vocabulary as complete as you can, but a great deal can be said and written with a vocabulary of no more than 10 000 words. The important thing is to have a good control and command over the words you do know. Better know two words exactly than three vaguely. A good carpenter is not distinguished by the number of his tools, but by the craftsmanship with which he uses them. So a good writer is not measured by the extent of his vocabulary, but by his skill in finding the word that will hit the nail cleanly on the head.(405 words)6. In this passage, the author tells us that reading can ______ . ( B )(a) increase the vocabulary enormously(b) make one become more aware of the subtle differences of synonyms(c) enable one to learn as many synonyms as possible(d) enable one to be flexible in expressions7. Professor Raleigh's statement "There are no synonyms..." ______ . ( A )(a) stresses the different shades of meanings(b) is too absolute and easy to disapprove(c) is what the author tries to disapprove(d) means that there is no such word "synonym"8. According to the author, an interest in words should be cultivated because _____. ( C )(a) it is more difficult to be expert at words than at nails(b) words are the most fascinating things to observe(c) words offer us a lot of information about human activities(d) words are the most important part of a language9. The author thinks that ______ . ( B )(a) Shakespeare had a very small vocabulary(b) Shakespeare used only a small portion of the English vocabulary(c) it's not necessary to enlarge your vocabulary(d) it's reasonable to feel discouraged at the large amount of vocabulary in English10. In the author's opinion, the most important thing is to ______ . ( D )(a) have a large vocabulary to write and speak with(b) have at least a vocabulary of 10 000(c) use the words you already know(d) know how to find the right word TOPP assage ThreeLanguage is often irrational even in the way it combines words into sentences － in its synthesis. If language were perfectly rational in this respect, we should be able to handle words like the nine digits in arithmetic, and combine them into sentences at pleasure by applying a few simple grammatical rules. In practice, however, we find that a great part of all languages consists of a limited number of natural sentences, only some of which admit of being formed a priori and freely modified by the substitution of the other words, as when from "have", "ink", "pen", we make up such sentences as "I have the ink"; "Who has the pen?" "Who has the ink?" "He has the ink," and so on.But just as we cannot go on speaking long without using irregular inflections, so also we cannot go on speaking naturally for any length of time without using irregular combinations of words － combinationswhich cannot be constructed a priori. The sentences which make up natural speech are of two kinds － general sentences, such as those which have just been given, and special sentences or idioms, such as "how do you do?" "never mind", which are really on a level with simple words, such as salutation, indifference, and like them, have to be learnt one by one, in the same way as the irregularities of the grammar. Many of them, indeed, have meanings inconsistent with those of the words of which they are made up. Thus "do by itself" never has the meaning it has in "how do you do?" and "help" in the idiomatic expression "I could not help being late" has the meaning "prevent" "avoid", which is the exact contrary of its ordinary meaning.Again, even in those cases in which the grammar and dictionary allow us to express an idea by various combinations of words, there is often only one of these combinations in actual use. Those who have had to do Latin prose composition know that the main difficulty of the art consists in having an instinctive knowledge of what combinations to avoid. French has a similar character. English and Greek are much freer in this respect, a fact which many foreigners find it difficult to realize. When they ask me such questions as "Can one speak of an 'elegant supper'?" "Can you say, 'He was bad last night'?" I always answer that English is a free language, and that there is nothing to prevent any one calling a supper "elegant" although I do not remember ever doing so myself. Nevertheless, English has its limitations as well as other languages. Foreigners' English often presents the curious spectacle of a language constructed on strict grammatical principles, but with hardly a single genuinely English sentence in it.(464 words)11. Language is irrational in that _______________ .( D )(a) we can combine words by using simple grammatical rules(b) words in a language are like the nine digits in arithmetic(c) the meaning of a sentence can be inferred from the meanings of the words in it(d) the meaning of a sentence does not always conform to the meaning of the words in it12. According to the author, ________. ( B )(a) all languages have a limited number of natural sentences(b) not all the sentences in a language can be modified by substituting different words(c) regular combinations of words should be avoided in our speech(d) we should construct a priori before we combine words into sentences13. Which of the following is true? ( B )(a) Grammatically correct sentences are definitely correct.(b) Grammatically correct sentences are not necessarily used in practice.(c) A sentence based on grammar should be idiomatic.(d) A sentence in practical use must be rational.14. The author thinks it ______ to call a supper "elegant". ( A )(a) not idiomatic(b) impossible(c) wise(d) good English15. The main idea of the passage is that ____________. ( A )(a) we cannot speak by strict grammatical rules(b) no rule but has exceptions(c) there are two kinds of sentences in a language(d) language has strict grammatical rules to follow TOPText2ExercisesA History of EnglishThe English language we speak today went through three stages called Old English, Middle English and Modern English. But ages before even Old English came into being, many other languages had to arise and develop. The oldest of these, as far as we know, was the Indo-European family of languages, which were beginning to be spoken clear back during the Stone Age. During the Stone Age, some Indo-European people lived on the islands of Britain.The earliest known of these British Indo-Europeans split into two groups called the Scots and the Celts. There was another group, who were not Indo-European, called Picts. Together these three peoples are known as Britons. The Britons were a fierce, Stone Age people constantly making war on each other. They dressed in animal skins, lived in caves or rude wooden huts. These people had their own languages.At the same time that the Stone Age Britons were living their warlike life, the Greeks, far to the east of them, were building a great civilization in Europe. Many of our ideas of art, literature, science, philosophy and government today come from the genius of these ancient people. As the Greek civilization reached a high point, another great civilization was being built in Italy by the Romans, whose language was Latin. When the Romans conquered Greece and made it part of their empire, they found a culture much older and far superior to their own. So they borrowed it.After conquering all of Europe, Rome invaded Britain and made it part of the empire, in AD 43. Romans brought their advanced culture to the Britons. Not only did they bring their art, literature, law and the Latin language, they established schools, built buildings and roads and provided an army to protect themselves against invaders.Meanwhile, the Germanic peoples of northern Europe, known as "Norsemen" or "Northmen," were developing another, separate European culture. Some groups of Norsemen came to be known as Angles, Saxons, Jutes and Goths. They were warriors, but also sailors and traders. In very early times the Angles and Saxons began to trade with the Celts in England. This was probably the first time the Britons came into contact with other peoples.During the four hundred years Britain was part of the Roman Empire, Rome was getting weaker and weaker, and the Norsemen were getting stronger and stronger. Finally they thundered through the Roman defenses along the northern boundaries of the empire. In addition to the attack from the north, Rome was invaded from the east by Mongols, from the south by the Moslems.Being attacked on all sides, Rome had to call back her armies to protect what was left of the empire. By AD 409, Rome had lost all control of Britain.As soon as the Roman armies pulled out of Britain, the Picts and Scots began to destroy the Celts. The Celts turned for help to the Angles and Saxons across the sea in Sweden and Denmark. The latter were quick to respond, because they loved war. They saved the Celts; they also destroyed practically all the culture which had been brought by the Romans: literature, sculpture, schools and roads. The Germanic languages of the Angles and Saxons combined to become Anglo-Saxon. Since the Angles and Saxons had become the power in England, the Anglo-Saxon language became the very early beginning of English.While the Anglo-Saxons were establishing their power in England and making their language the main language of that country, the Roman Empire was sinking deeper and deeper into trouble. By AD 476 the western empire had ceased to exist. And since the Germanic peoples had no interest in preserving Roman culture, it just died. The Church was all that was left of Roman civilization. But Latin survived as the language of churchmen and the wealthy, educated classes, and was to have a profound effect on the development of the languages of southern Europe and England.Gradually, between the sixth and eleventh centuries, the feudal estates of Europe grew into powerful kingdoms. Of these, the French kingdom of Normandy became very important to the development of English.The various peoples in England were coming together as a nation also, under the rule of more powerful kings such as Alfred the Great, who ruled between 871 and 899. Alfred was not only an efficient ruler and a great defender of his people, he was also an eager scholar. He was able to preserve some of the learning which had been left behind when the Romans left England. In Anglo-Saxon he began a detailed diary of events in his own time known as The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Although Alfred encouraged reading and writing in Anglo-Saxon as well as in Latin, most works continued to be written in Latin.Alfred's efforts to unify England and establish a national language apart from Latin were interrupted by an invasion of yet another group of Norsemen, the Vikings. The Vikings who invaded England were called Danes, and those who invaded France were known as the Normans.Gradually, as all invaders do eventually, the Danes settled down and became peaceful farmers. Their language mixed with Anglo-Saxon and became what we know as Old English. Old English was established as the language of the land by the tenth century. For the next hundred years or so after the Danish invasions, the English people lived in peace. If they had continued that way the English language today might be quite different from what it is; it would be something similar to Dutch, Danish and German. But about nine hundred years ago, England was invaded again, and another,very different language was brought to the country. When this language arrived, English moved away from Danish and Anglo-Saxon and passed from Old English into Middle English.The new foreign language which was to have such an important influence on the development of Middle English was French. In 1066, the Norman French people invaded England. The invasion is known as the Norman Conquest, and it is very important for two reasons. First, it was the last time England was ever to be invaded. Second, Old French became as important an influence as Danish and Anglo-Saxon to the development of English as it is today.The Normans brought their law, customs and literature to England. Since there was still so much Latin in their own language, Latin again began to have an influence on English. But this time, the English people did not allow their language to be swallowed up by a foreign language in the way their Celtic and early Anglo-Saxon ancestors had. Although the invading Norman French became the rulers of the land, and French became the language of government and law in England, the English people stubbornly refused to give up their own language. English remained the spoken language of the people. And when they did accept French words, they mispronounced them so badly that no one could recognize them as French.So, for a time, England was a land where there were two languages － the French of the ruling class, and the Anglo-Saxon, or Old English, of the servant class, the English people. Smart people of both classes learned both languages, and eventually the two languages came together to form what we know today as Middle English. Middle English was neither French nor Anglo-Saxon; it was a completely different language combined of both. The change from Old English to Middle English took place gradually over a period of about three hundred years.Middle English was a very disorganized language. But in Europe and in the Middle East, many changes were taking place which would have an important effect on the future of the English language. Let's look back for a moment to see what these changes were.As western Europe split into feudal estates the Moslems of the Middle East were pushing farther west and threatening the Christian rulers of the eastern empire. In 638 the Moslems had captured Jerusalem. European kings wanted it back, because they felt it belonged to Christians. They broke through the Moslem defenses and began a long series of wars called the Crusades.For two hundred years, from 1095 to 1291, European Christians joined forces with Middle Eastern Christians against the Moslems.Europe lost the wars of the Crusades. But the Crusades had brought the Europeans back into contact with the superior ancient Greek and Roman cultures, and those cultures had been enriched by the Moslem's advance knowledge of mathematics, astronomy, geography and medicine.This renewed contact with all the knowledge marks the beginning of a period in Europe known as the Renaissance, which means "re-birth of learning." The lost works of ancient Greek and Roman writers were rediscovered in Europe, inspiring countless new works of literature, art and science. The Renaissance began in Italy, but eventually the new learning spread north, to France, Germany and England.Geoffrey Chaucer was born some hundred years after the last war of the Crusades, in the early part of the Renaissance. About one hundred fifty years after Chaucer's death William Shakespeare was born in the last part of the Renaissance. During the lifetimes of these two great writers and over all the years between, the English language was sorting itself out from the chaos of Middle English.By the time of Shakespeare's death in 1616, the English history and language had entered the modern period.The English of Shakespeare's time is considered modern English because, except for some different spellings and a few words we no longer use, the language is quite similar to the English we speak today. Many of the old sayings we use every day come right out of Shakespeare's writings. When we think something is unimportant we "laugh it off." Describing something which is strong and in good condition, we say it is "sound as a bell." When we are disgusted with something, we say it is "lousy." If you know or use these expressions you are quoting Shakespeare.After Shakespeare's time English was to change a great deal more, but the changes were gradual. The changes came as a result of the growth of the English Empire, advancements intransportation and communication and a continuing contact betweenEnglish-speaking peoplesand peoples from all parts of the world.Between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries England built an empire which included north America, some Caribbean islands, Australia, New Zealand, parts of Asia and parts of Africa. About nine or ten years before Shakespeare's death, England had established her first American colony, Virginia. Three hundred years later, England no longer had an empire, but the lands which she had conquered still spoke the English language. Today, English is the native or official language of not only the United States but also Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India, Kenya, South Africa, Trinidad, Jamaica and more － lands on every continent of this planet.(1 816 words)。
英语专业英语泛读教程第三版1刘乃银单词和翻译
对 对 对 对 对
对
对
对
对 对 对 对
对
对
对
对 对 错 对 对
对 错 对 对 对 错 对 对
对
错 对 对
对
错
对 对 对 对 对
对
对 对 对
对 对
对
对
对
对
对
对 对 对 对 错 对
对
对 对 错 对 对
硬 连 线硬连线的 的
马 上 。迅速离开 。
尊 严尊严
坚 固 的 砖混凝土 头 的
期 刊期刊，杂志
sacrifice sacrifice conseling conseling hardwired hardwired
whip out whip out dignity dignity
concrete concrete
u n i t 1正确中文 自 我 检 测
正确英文
目 不 识目不识丁的 丁 的
佃 户佃户
抒 情 奔抒情的，热情奔放的 放 的
爆 发爆发
illiterate tenant lyrical blaze
答题
illiterate tenant lyrical blaze
枯 萎枯萎的 的
栗 子 橡栗子橡树 树
狼 吞 虎狼吞虎咽的吃法，破 咽灭 地 吃
喘 息喘息
limp limber quiver incubate quail
devour
pant
limp limber quiver incubate quail
devour
pant
毛 发 蓬毛发蓬松的 松 的
斑斑粒纹，斑点，斑点微 山 脊脊背，峰 云 雀云雀，百灵鸟，
英语泛读教程第三版3(主编刘乃银)Extra Passage 8
英语泛读教程第三版3（主编刘乃银）Extra Passage 8A monopoly until 1954, the BBC operates under a royal charter. It is funded from a fixed term, license fee paid by households with a television set. The BBC has four national radio networks: Radio(1) broadcasting mostly popular music, mainly during the day; Radio(2) primarily transmitting light music, sports and entertainment; Radio(3) broadcasting mainly classical music and news during the day and cultural programs in the evening ; and Radio(4), scheduling spoken word primarily, school programs in the midmorning and early afternoon , and a mixed program in the evening. The main ingredients of overall output are 42.9 per cent entertainment and music ,21.3 per cent classical music, 9.1 per cent news and outside broadcasts, 4.8 per cent drama, 3.6 per cent education, and 2.2 per cent features. Some 30 local radio stations have been added to the BBC since 1967. The BBC has two national television services, which together transmit more than 200 hours a week; both have mixed programs that are coordinated to avoid conflicts. The main ingredients are news documentaries, and information (31 per cent); British and foreign films and series (15.5 per cent); outside broadcasts, substantially sports and sports news (14 per cent);drama (8 per cent);”family”programs and light entertainment (13.5 per cent); education (11.1 per cent); and religion(2.2 per cent)There is substantial regional activity in both media. Of the six regions in the kingdom that formerly operated with a fair degree of autonomy , only the “nation”regions remain for Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland . In place of the other three regions , North, Midland ,and West and South, three are 20 production centres for both radio and television. Regions broadcast their own section of the corresponding network. Radio Cymru broadcasts in the Welsh language for Wales .There are about 50 local FM (VHF) stations as authorized by the government; there are mostly placed to cover the larger city areas. Many competitive commercial local stations have been set up under the supervision of the Independent Broadcasting Authority.The BBC is also responsible for the United Kingdom’s external services, which are paid for by annual grants-in-aid from the Foreign and Commonwealth Office. Though no longer among the leaders in quantity of output, the BBC remains among them in terms of penetration. Seventy transmitters, of which 13 are overseas relay stations provide a short-ware worldwide service and a medium-wave service in many areas, including Europe(from Berlin), Asia, East Africa, and Latin America ,Of the weekly output of about 740 hours roughly one-third in the World Service is in English, and the remainder is in nearly 40 foreign languages.1.Which of the following statements TRUE according in this passage?A ) The four national radio station of BBC have been set up under thesupervision of the Independent Broadcasting Authority.B ) Each of the two national television services of BBC broadcasts more than 200hours a week.C ) The BBC rarely broadcasts foreign films.D ) The BBC provides both medium-wave service in many areas and short-waveworldwide services.2.According to this passage , the coverage of BBC programs____A )does not extend beyond the six regions in the kingdom.B) is less than that many competitive commercial stations.C) is great enough to reach most continents in the world.D) is greater than that of VOA3.According to this passage, the BBC___A )operated under a royal charter until 1954B )is funded mainly from its subscribersC )has more viewers of its TV programs than listeners of its radio programsD )has two national television services,each of which primarly transmits lightentertainment programs4.The understand expression “both media “in the second paragraph refers to_____A ) both national radio networks and local radio stations.B ) both entertainment programs and news programs.C ) both radio and television.D ) both national programs and regional programsKey：DCBC。
新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册课后题答案(完整版)
新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册课后题答案(完整版)Unit 1 – Section A●Language Focus – Words in Use1. Given the chance to show his ability, he regained (confidence) and began to succeed in school.2. It is so difficult to (explore) the bottom of the ocean because some parts are very deep.3. It was about 30 seconds before Alex (emerged) from the water; we were quite scared.4. We often (assume) that when other people do the same things as we do, they do them for the same reasons; but this assumption is not always reasonable.5. There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may (pose) a threat to social stability.6. After a(n) (comprehensive) physical exam, my doctor said I was in good condition except that my blood pressure was a little high.7. It is well known that China is a country with rich natural (resources) and a very big population.8. Some people believe that the earth can (yield) enough food to support at least twice its present population.9. Sam (inherited) the gift of imagination from his family, but he lacked the driving power to take action.10. A bee that has found honey is able to (transmit) to other bees the information they need in order to collect the honey.●Word Building1.cover2.easy3.load4.apply5.resist6.account7.assistant8.simple9.note10.quality11.class 1.uncover2.uneasy3.unload4.applicant5.resistant6.accountant7.assist8.simplify9.notify10.qualify11.classify1. Despite being (classified) as a meat-eater, the panda has a diet that is overwhelmingly vegetarian.2. They have developed computerized systems which will greatly (assist) all library users so that they will not need the help of others.3. Changes have been made to the construction requirements in this city in order to make the buildings and highways more(resistant) to earthquakes.4. After a two-month inquiry, the police have (uncovered) the three men's intention to rob a bank and have arrested them.5. Consumers say they are (uneasy) about using their credit cards over the Internet because they are afraid of Interent fraud.6. A college degree and some working experience should (qualify) you for the job advertised in the newspaper.7. The British ship arrived at the port this morning and is (unloading) its contents in the harbor now.8. As a human resources manager, I see many job (applicants) who are technically skilled, but have bad attitudes.9. The teacher (simplified) his instructions so that the small children could understand him better.10. My major was literature. However, now I'm working in a firm as a(n) (accountant) , dealing with numbers every day.11. The committee's decision will be (notified) to all employees next week.●Banked ClozeUniversity students come from different parts of the country with various purposes. However, a closer look at their reasons for studying at the university will enable us to (1) (classify) them roughly into three groups: those who have a(n) (2) (passion) for learning, those who wish to (3) (attain) a bright future, and those who learn with no definite purpose.Firstly, there are many students who learn simply because they (4) (pursue) their goal of learning. Some read a wealth of British and American novels because they are keenly interested in literature. Others sit in front of the computer screen, working on a new program, (5) (virtually) day and night, because they find some computer programs (6) (fascinating), and they dream of becoming a "Bill Gates" one day.Secondly, there are students who work hard mainly for a better and more (7) (prosperous) future. It seems that the majority of students fall into this group. After admission to the university, they read books after books to (8) (acquire) knowledge from all of the resources which are (9) (available) to them, and finally, to succeed in the future job market.Thirdly, there are still some students who learn without a clear goal. They take courses, finish homework, enjoy life on campus, but don't want to (10) (sample) anything new or challenging. They have no idea what they will be doing after college. And they may end up with nothing in their lives.●Language Focus – Expressions in Use1. My family (got by) on my father's unemployment benefit after he lost his job.2. Many subway riders read books or listen to music in order to (make the most of) their time on the way to work.3. In order to make sure he would be able to attend the meeting, I called him up two weeks (in advance) .4. Experts say our company is amazing in that sales have been increasing steadily (over time) .5. In order to (reap the benefits of) the physical exercise, you have to exercise regularly, and for at least half an hour each time.6. They all tried to talk (all at once) , but I couldn't hear anything they said.7. Yellow flowers in the field always (1)(remind) me (2)(of) my childhood in the countryside.8. We have been practicing for so long and so hard that our team should (stand a chance of) winning the game.9. Research on genes will (open the door to) exciting new medical treatments.10. Every one of you has made a contribution and I (take pleasure in) acknowledging what each of you has done to make this academic convention such a success.●Translation➢英译汉Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher who is credited with laying the fundamentals (基础) of modern Western philosophy. He is a mysterious figure known chiefly through the accounts of later classical writers, especially the writings of his most famous student Plato. Socrates has become well known for his contribution to the field of ethics. His method of teaching, known as the Socratic Method, by asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to explain ideas remains a commonly used tool in a wide range of discussions. He also made important and lasting contributions to the field of epistemology (认识论) and logic, and the influence of his ideas and approach remains a strong foundation for Western philosophy that followed. Socrates was the most colorful figure in the history of ancient philosophy. His fame was widespread in his own time, and his name soon became a household word although he constructedno philosophical system, established no school, and founded no sect (宗派).苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家，被誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。
泛读教程 第三册 cloze 答案 原文
Unit1。
The ability to predict what the writer is going/ about/ trying to say next is both an aid to understanding and a sign of it.A prediction begins from the moment you read the title and from expectations of what he book is likely to contain。
Even if the expectations/predictions are contradicted, they are useful because they have started you thinking about the topic and made you actively involved。
If you formulate your predictions as questions which you think the text may answer, you are preparing yourself to read for a purpose: to see which of your questions are in fact dealt with and what answers are offered。
If your reading is more purposeful you are likely to understand better.Naturally your predictions/expectations will not always be correct。
This does not matter at all as long as you recognize when they are wrong, and why. In fact mistaken predictions can tell you the source of misunderstanding and help you to avoid certain false assumptions。
英语泛读教程1第3版参考答案
Unit 1Text:A. dB. 1. c 2. d 3. d 4. a 5. d 6. c, 7. a 8. c 9. dC. 1. d 2. b 3. d 4. d 5. a 6. d 7. c 8. b 9. d 10. d Fast Reading:1. c2. d3. b4. c5. c6. d7. a8. c9. d 10. c 11. c 12. c 13. b 14. c 15. dHome Reading:1. d2. b3. b4. c5. c6. b7. a8. b9. d 10.c Unit 2Text:A. dB. 1. b 2. c 3. c 4. d 5. c 6. c, 7. a 8. cC. 1. a 2. d 3. d 4. b 5. a 6. b 7. b 8. b 9. c 10. a Fast Reading:1. b2. d3. d4. a5. c6. c7. d8. b9. c 10. a 11. d 12. d 13. d 14. c 15. dHome Reading：1. c2. d3. d4. c5. c6. d7. d8. d9. d 10. b 11. b 12. aUnit 3Text：A．cB．1．c 2．d 3．b 4．c 5．c 6、d 7．c 8．c 9．b10.d 11，d 12．cC．1．b 2．a 3．a 4．d 5．b 6．a 7．a 8．d 9．a 10．aFast Reading：1．b 2．c 3．c 4．d 5．b 6．c 7．b 8．a 9．c 10．c 11.d 12.d 13.d 14.d 15.bHome Reading：1．c 2．d 3．c 4．b 5．b 6．a 7．d 8．bUnit 4Text：A．cB．1．b 2．d 3．c 4．d 5．c 6．b 7．d 8．b 9．d 10．cC．1．a 2．a 3．b 4．d 5．a 6．d 7．b 8．d 9．c Fast Reading：1．c 2．c 3，d 4．a 5。
泛读教程--第三册--cloze-答案-原文
Unit1. The ability to predict what the writer is going/ about/ trying to say next is both an aid to understanding and a sign of it.A prediction begins from the moment you read the title and from expectations of what he book is likely to contain. Even if the expectations/predictions are contradicted, they are useful because they have started you thinking about the topic and made you actively involved.If you formulate your predictions as questions which you think the text may answer, you are preparing yourself to read for a purpose: to see which of your questions are in fact dealt with and what answers are offered. If your reading is more purposeful you are likely to understand better.Naturally your predictions/expectations will not always be correct. This does not matter at all as long as you recognize when they are wrong, and why. In fact mistaken predictions can tell you the source of misunderstanding and help you to avoid certain false assumptions.Prediction is possible at a number of levels. From the title of the book you can know/foretell the topic and the possibly something about the treatment. From the beginning of the sentences, you can often predict how the sentence will end. Between these extremes, you can predict what will happen next in a story, or how a writer will develop/present his argument, or what methods will be used to test a hypothesis.Because prediction ensures the reader’s active involvement, it is worth training.cation is not an end, but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate children just/only for the purpose of educating them. Our purpose is to fit them for life.In many modern countries it has for some time been fashionable to think that, by free education for all, one can solve all the problems of society and build a perfect nation. But we can already see that free education for all is not enough; we find in some/many countries a far larger number of people with university degrees than there are jobs for them to fill. Because of their degrees, they refuse to do what they think to be "low" work, and, in fact, work with hands is thought to be dirty and shameful in such countries.But we have only to think a moment to see/know/understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is far more important than that of a professor. We can live without education, but we die if we have no food. If no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away from our houses, we should get terrible diseases in our towns.In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit ourselves for life, it means that we must be ready/willing/educated/taught to do whatever job suited to our brain and ability, and to realize that all jobs are necessary to society, that is very wrong/incorrect/erroneous to be ashamed of one's work or to scorn someone else’s. Only such a type of education can be called valuable to society.Unit3. Human beings learn to communicate with each other will nonlinguistic means as well as linguistic ways/means/ones. All of us are famil iar with the say it wasn’t what he said; it was the way that he said it when, by using/saying the word way we mean something about the particular vice quality that was in evidence., or the set of a shoulder, or the obvious tension of certain muscles. A message may even be sent by the accompanying tone and gestures, so that each of I’m ready, you are beautiful, and I don’t know where he is can mean the opposite of any such interpretation. Often we have/meet/encounter/experience difficulty in finding exactly what in the communication causes the change of meaning, and any statement we make leads to the source of the gap between the literal meaning of the words and the total message that is likely to be expressed in impressionistic terms. It is likely to refer to some thing like a “glint” in a person’s eyes, or a “threatening” gesture, or “provocative” manner.Unit4. How do the birds find their way on their enormously long journeys? The young birds are not taught the road by their parents, because often the parents fly off first. We have no idea how the birds find their way, particularly as many of them fly at/by night, when landmarks could hardly be seen. And other birds migrate over the sea, where there are no landmarks at all. A certain kind of plover, for instance/example, nests in Canada. At the end of the summer these birds migrate from Canada to South America; they fly 2,500 miles, non-stop, over the ocean. Not only is this very long flight an extraordinary featof endurance, but there are no landmarks on the ocean to guide/direct the birds.It has been suggested that birds can sense the magnetic lines of force stretching from the north to south magnetic pole of the earth, and so direct themselves. But all experiments hitherto made to see whether magnetism has any effect/influence whatsoever on animals have given negative results. Still, where there is such a biological mystery as migration, even improbable experiments are worth trying. It/this was being done in Poland, before the invasion of that country, on the possible influence of magnetism on path-finding. Magnets were attached to the birds’ heads to see if/whether their direction-sense was confused thereby. These unfinished experiments had, of course, to be stopped.Unit5. Man first existed on earth half a million years ago. Then he was little more than an animal; but early man had several big advantages over the animals. He had a large head/brain, he had an upright body, he had clever hands; he had in his brain special groups of nerve cells, not found in animals, that enabled him to invent a language and use it to communicate with his fellow men. The ability to speak was of very great use/value/significance/importance because it was allowed men to share ideas, and to plan together, so that tasks impossible for a single person could be successfully under-taken by intelligent team-work. Speech also enabled ideas to be passed on from generation to generation so that the stock of human knowledge slowly increased.It was these special advantages that put men far ahead of all other living creatures in the struggle for survival/existence. They can use their intelligence handing/overcoming their difficulties and master them.Unit6. Language varies according to sex and occupation. The language of man differs subtly from that of women. Men do not usually use expressions such as “its darling,” and women tend not to swear as extensively as men. Likewise, the language used in addressing men and women differs subtly: we can compliment a man on a new necktie with the compliment/words“what a pretty tie, that is!” but not with “how pretty you look today!” ---- an expression reserved for complimenting a woman. The occupation of a person causes his language to vary, particular in the use he makes of technical terms, that is, in the use he makes of the jargon of his vacation. Soldiers, dentist, hairdressers, mechanics, yachtsmen, and skiers all have their particular special languages. Sometimes the consequence is that such persons have difficulty in communicating with people outside the vacation on professional maters because the technical vocabulary is not understood by all. Although we can relate certain kinds of jargon to levels of occupation and professional training, we must also note that all occupations have some jargon, even these of the criminal underworld. There may well be a more highly developed use of jargon in occupations that require considerable education, in which words, and the concepts they use, are manipulated rather than objects, for example in the legal and teaching circle/world/field and in the world of finance.Unit7. The space age began on October 4, 1957, when Sputnik I was launched. This first man-made satellite was followed by many others, some of which went around the sun. Now the conquest of the space between the planets, and between the earth and the sun, continues at a rapid rate.Each mew satellite and space probe gives scientists new information. As men explore outer space, some of the questions they have long asked/wondered about will be answered at last.The greatest question of all concerns life itself. Is there intelligent life out side the earth? Are there people, or creatures of some sort/kind living on Mars, Venus, or some other planet of the solar system? Are there planets orbiting/going/circling around stars other than our sun?The only kind of life we know about would have to be upon a planet. Only a planet would have the temperatures and gas that all living things seem to need. Until a short time ago, we thought there were only a few planets. Today, scientists believe that many stars have planets going around them.We know that there are nine planets in our own solar system-Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. If any other planets exist in our solar system, or anywhere else, our telescopes are not powerful enough to pick up their feeblereflected light. But astronomers guess that one star in a hundred has at least one planet where life could exist.We are quite sure that life could begin on a young planet. A new plant would be likely to contain great seas, together with heavy clouds of water vapor and other gases. Electric storms would be common. It is possible that simple living cells might from when electricity passed through the clouds. An experiment made in 1952 at the University of Chicago seems to prove this. By passing electricity through nonliving materials, scientist made cells like those of living creatures.Unit8. At the beginning of the nineteenth century the only acceptable roles for women were domestic there was virtually nothing for them to do except stay at home or hire out as maids, governesses, and, before long, teachers. Women were not allowed to own property-in most cases, not even the clothes they wore. A working wife was not allowed to keep her wages but was required to turn them over to her husband. In case of separation or divorce, a woman had no legal claims on her husband and was not allowed to keep the children. She had to legal status, which meant that she was not permitted to bring suit or to give testimony in courts. Often, she was not permitted to inherit property or to make a will. She was barred from public office and excluded form public life generally. For the most part, women lacked opportunities for education, vocational training, and professional employment. The national consensus was that women belong in the home, and determined efforts were made to see that they stayed there.Unit9. Sydney’s best feature is her harbor. Most Sydneysid ers can see at least a glimpse of blue sea from their windows. Nearly everyone lives within an hour from a beach. On weekends sails of all shapes, sizes and colors glide across the water. Watching the yacht races is a favorite Saturday activity.The harbor divides Sydney into north and south sections. The harbor bridge connects the two. It was built in 1932 and cost 20 million.Another Sydney symbol stands on the harbor shore. Sydney’s magnificent opera house celebrated its 20th anniversary last year. Danish designer Jorn Utzon won an international contest with his design. The structure contains several auditoria and theaters. But not all concerts are held in the building. Sunday afternoon concerts on the building’s outer walk attract many listeners.Sydney’s trendy suburb is Paddington. Houses are tightly packed together. Many were first built for Victorian artists. Now fashionable shops, restaurants, arts galleries and interesting people fill the area. The best time to visit is Saturday, when vendors sell everything. So there is one of the world’s most attractive cities --- Sydney, Austrian.Unit 10 Architectural design influences how privacy is a chieved as well as how social contact is made in public places. The concept of privacy is not unique to a particular culture but what it means is culturally determined.People in the United States tend to achieve privacy by physically separating themselves from others. The expression “good fences make good neighbors” is a preference for privacy from neighbors’ homes. If a family can afford it, each child has his or her own bedroom. When privacy is needed, family members may close their bedroom doors.In some cultures when individuals need privacy, it is acceptable for them simply to look into themselves. That is, they do not need to remove themselves physically from a group in order to achieve privacy.Young American children learn the rule “knock before you enter” which teaches them to respect others’ privacy. Parents, too, often follow this rule prior to entering their children’s rooms. When a bedroom door is closed it may be a(n) sign to others saying, “I need privacy,” “I’m angry,” or “Do not disturb. I’ busy.” For Americans, the physical division of space and the use of architectural features permit a sense of privacy. The way space is used to help the individual to achieve privacy, to build homes or to design cities if culturally influenced. Dr. Hall summarizes the relationship between individuals and their physical surroundings:Man and his extensions constitute one interrelated system. It is a mistake to act as though man was one thing and his house or his cities, or his language wee something else.Unit11. The Library of Congress is the largest library in the world. Its books, pamphlets, documents, manuscripts, official, papers, photographs, and prints amount to some 86 million items---a number that swells day by day----housed on 535 miles of shelves.Congress authorized a library in 1800, which amounted to three thousand books and afew maps when it was destroyed when the British burned the Capitol in 1814. to replace it, Thomas Jefferson sold the government his own library of almost 6500 volumes---the finest in the nation at the time. The collection, again housed in the Capitol, had grown to 55000 when a fire burned more than half of it. In 1866 a portion of the Smithsonian Institution’s library was added to the library of Congress, and in the same year the government entered an international program by which copies of U.S. documents were exchanged for those of other countries. The copyright law of 1870 ensured the library would always be up to date by requiring publishers to send two copies of each book published to the library in order to obtain copyright.By 1870 the collections had outgrown its Capitol quarters. A suggestion to raise the Capitol dome and fill it with bookshelves was rejected, and in 1873 Congress authorized a competition for the design of a library building. A variety of disputes delayed construction for more than a de cade, but the library’s Thomas Jefferson Building was finally opened in 1897.Unit12. As a nation, we starting to realize that we can’t solve the solid waste dilemma just by finding new places to put trash. Across the country, many individuals, communities and business have found creative ways to reduce and better manage their trash through a coordinated mix of practices that includes source reduction.Simply put source reduction is waste prevention. It includes many actions that reduce the disposal amount and harmfulness of waste created. Source reduction can conserve resources, reduce pollution, and help cut waste disposal and handing costs (it avoids the costs of recycling, landfilling, and combustion).Source reduction is a basic solution to too much garbage: less waste means less of a waste problem. Because source reduction actually prevents the increase of waste in the first place, it comes before other measures that deal with trash after it is already generated. After source reduction, recycling is the preferred waste management option because it reduces the amount of waste going to landfills and conserves resources.Unit13. The first step in helping the patient is to accept and acknowledge his illness. The cause of symptoms must be found, and measures to relieve them and to prevent recurrence must be taken. Thorough examinations are essential. Although the physician may suspect that the illness is due to emotional rather than physical cause, he must search carefully for any evidence of physical disease. It is not unknown for an illness considered psychosomatic to be later diagnosed as cancer or some other disease. The thorough search for physical causes of the symptoms helps to gain the patient’s confidence. He knows that his condition and symptoms are being taken seriously. If no organic basis for his complaints is found, he usually will find this news easier to accept when he knows he has had a thorough examination. Finding no physical cause for the disorder points the way to understandi ng the patient’s condition. What is the cause? Is it emotional stress? If so, what kind? What are the problems which are upsetting the patients?Unit14. The work of French scientist Jean Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829) has contributed to the theory of evolution. Lamarck believed that the environment shaped the nature/trait/characteristic of plant and animal life. he believed that the bodies of plants and animals changed/had to fit their environment and a useful physical change would be passed on to the plant’s or animal’s offspring.For example, Lamarck thought that giraffes developed long necks because they had to stretch to get/eat the leaves of tall trees for food. Lamarck didn’t think that giraffes possessed/developed/had long necks all at once, however. He thought that the earliest group of giraffes stretched/lengthened their necks a small amount. Their offspring inherited this longer neck. The offspring then stretched their necks a little bit longer. They passed this even longer neck on to their own offspring. After many generations, giraffes developed the long necks that they have today.Not all of Lamarck’s theory is accepted today. Most scientists do not believe that the environment has a(n) effect/influence on the evolution of life forms. Nut t hey don’t agree with the notion/idea that a physical change in a plant’s or animal’s body is passed on to the offspring. Instead, they believe that a change must occur in the plant’s or animal’s cells before a change in offspring can take place.Unit15.In a very big city, in which millions of people live and work, fast, frequent means of transportation are of the greatest importance. In London, where most people live long distance/away from their work, all officers, factories and schools would have to choose if the buses, the trains and the Underground stopped work.Originally the London Underground had steam trains which were not very different from other English trains, except that they went along in big holes under the ground in order to keep away from the crowded city above their heads. Steam trains used coal, which filled the underground stations with terrible smoke. As a result, the old trains were taken away, and electric ones put in their place. Now the London Underground is very clean, and the electric trains make faster runs possible.At every Underground station/stop there are maps of all the Underground lines in London, so that it is easy to see how to get wherever one wants to go. Each station has its name written up clearly and in large letters several times, so that one can see when one comes to where one must get out. At some stations one can change to a different underground train, and in some places, such as Piccadilly, there are actually three lines crossing each other. The trains on the three lines are not on the same level, so that there should not be accidents. T o change trains, one has to go up or down some stairs to a new level. It would be tiring to have to walk up these stairs/steps, so the stairs are made to move themselves, and all that the people/passengers have to do is to stand and be carried up or down to where they wish. In fact, everything is done to make the Underground fast and efficient.Unit16.Why “grandfather” clock? Well, these clocks were passed through the family and so were always thought of as “grandfather’s clock.” But the first domestic timepieces were hung from a nail on the wall. Unfortunately dust got into the works and even worse children used to swing from the weights and the pendulum. So first the face and works and then the weights and the pendulum were protected by wooden cases. Before long the clock was nearly all case and was stood on the ground/floor and called, not surprisingly, a long-case clock. These “grandfather” clocks were very expensive, m ade as they were from fine wood, often beautifully carved or decorated with ivory. Famous makers of this period included Thomas Tompion, John Harrison and Edward East, but don’t get too excited if you find that the clock Grandma left you has one of these names on the back. Before you start jumping up and downing and shouting, “we’re rich, we’re rich,” remember that plenty of people before the 20th century had the idea of making cheap clocks/timepieces of famous original and “borrowing” the names of their be tters. And don’t forget that the first chiming mechanism wasn’t invented/created/made until 1695, so a chiming clock, however charming it sounds, will date from the 18th century. A fake/false/imitated late 17th century grandfather clock made by East sold recently for just under 20000.Unit17. Suppose you send your child off to the movies for three hours next Sunday. And three hours on Monday and the same number of hours Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, and Saturday. Thus is essentially what is happening to the average child in American today, except it is not the screen in the movie house down the street he sits in front of, it is instead the television set right in your own house.According to the Nielsen Index figures for TV viewing, it is dais that by the time a child graduates from high school he has had 11000 hours of schooling, as opposed to 15000 hours of viewing. I would like to repeat that. By the time the child is 18 years old, he has spent more hours in front of TV than he has in school. Over TV he will have witnessed by that time some 18000 murders and countless highly detailed cases of robbery, arson, bombing, shooting, beatings, forgery, smuggling, and torture---averaging approximately cone per minute in the standard television cartoon for children under the age of ten. In general, seventy-five percent of all network dramatic programs contain violence.Dr. Albert Bandura of Standford University reaches/draws two conclusions about violence on TV: (1) that it tends to reduce the child’s inhibi tions against acting in a violent, aggressive manner, and (2) that children will imitate what they see. Dr. Bandura points out that a child won’t necessarily run out and attack the first person he sees after watching violence on the screen, but that, if provoked later on, he may very well put what he has learned into practice.One of the lessons of television is that, violence works. If you have a problem with someone, the school of TV says to slap him in the face, stab him in the back. Because most of the program has shown how well violence has paid off, punishment at the end tends not to have much of an inhibitory effect.。
英语泛读教程1第3版参考答案
英语泛读教程1第3版参考答案Unit 1Text:A. dB. 1. c 2. d 3. d 4. a 5. d 6. c, 7. a 8. c 9. dC. 1. d 2. b 3. d 4. d 5. a 6. d 7. c 8. b 9. d 10. d Fast Reading:1. c2. d3. b4. c5. c6. d7. a8. c9. d 10. c 11. c 12. c 13. b 14. c 15. dHome Reading:1. d2. b3. b4. c5. c6. b7. a8. b9. d 10.c Unit 2Text:A. dB. 1. b 2. c 3. c 4. d 5. c 6. c, 7. a 8. cC. 1. a 2. d 3. d 4. b 5. a 6. b 7. b 8. b 9. c 10. a Fast Reading:1. b2. d3. d4. a7. d8. b9. c 10. a 11. d 12. d 13. d 14. c 15. dHome Reading：1. c2. d3. d4. c5. c6. d7. d8. d9. d 10. b 11. b 12. aUnit 3Text：A．cB．1．c 2．d 3．b 4．c 5．c 6、d 7．c 8．c 9．b10.d 11，d 12．cC．1．b 2．a 3．a 4．d 5．b 6．a 7．a 8．d 9．a 10．aFast Reading：1．b 2．c 3．c 4．d 5．b 6．c 7．b 8．a 9．c 10．c 11.d 12.d 13.d 14.d 15.b Home Reading：1．c 2．d 3．c 4．b 5．b 6．a 7．d 8．bUnit 4Text：A．cB．1．b 2．d 3．c 4．d 5．c 6．b 7．d 8．b 9．d 10．cC．1．a 2．a 3．b 4．d 5．a 6．d 7．b 8．d 9．c Fast Reading：1．c 2．c 3，d 4．a 5。
大学英语第三版泛读一答案.doc
大学英语第三版泛读一答案Key to lesson 1Comprehension of the text.1. 1) T 2) F 3) T 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) T 8) T2. 1) D 2) B 3) D 4) D 5) B 6) D3. 1) 他安静,性情温和，时常心不在焉，对待金钱像个孩子。
2) 连Theo也不得不承认，即便他自己读，也不大可能读得像他一样流利。
3) 他的情绪受到很大干扰，无法换一种方式来表达同样的思想。
4) 他既困惑又高兴，简直摸不着头脑了。
Learning to use phrases and expressions from the text.1. 1) applause 2) candidate 3) all the same 4) impressed 5)interview 6) memorize 7) getting on with 8) Leaning 9) sense 10) choice2. 1) Faced with a lot of evidence, the man had to admit that he was the head of the drug ring.2) Tommy offered to drive us to the seaside in his car, but insisted we should share the petrol costs.3) On-the-job smoking is not allowed in our company. So many employees have to give up smoking or reduce the amount they smoke.4) When you apply for a job, the first thing the employer sees is your resume. 5) When you find yourself often upset about small matters, you’d better cultivatea hobby.Key to lesson 2Comprehension of the text.1. 1) T 2) F 3) T 4) F 5) T 6) T 7) F 8) T2. 1) C 2) C 3) B 4) B 5) B3. 1) 时间绰绰有余。
泛读教程 第三册 cloze 答案 原文
Unit1. The ability to predict what the writer is going/ about/ trying to say next is both an aid to understanding and a sign of it.A prediction begins from the moment you read the title and from expectations of what he book is likely to contain. Even if the expectations/predictions are contradicted, they are useful because they have started you thinking about the topic and made you actively involved.If you formulate your predictions as questions which you think the text may answer, you are preparing yourself to read for a purpose: to see which of your questions are in fact dealt with and what answers are offered. If your reading is more purposeful you are likely to understand better.Naturally your predictions/expectations will not always be correct. This does not matter at all as long as you recognize when they are wrong, and why. In fact mistaken predictions can tell you the source of misunderstanding and help you to avoid certain false assumptions.Prediction is possible at a number of levels. From the title of the book you can know/foretell the topic and the possibly something about the treatment. From the beginning of the sentences, you can often predict how the sentence will end. Between these extremes, you can predict what will happen next in a story, or how a writer will develop/present his argument, or what methods will be used to test a hypothesis.Because prediction ensures the reader’s active involvement, it is worth training.cation is not an end, but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate children just/only for the purpose of educating them. Our purpose is to fit them for life.In many modern countries it has for some time been fashionable to think that, by free education for all, one can solve all the problems of society and build a perfect nation. But we can already see that free education for all is not enough; we find in some/many countries a far larger number of people with university degrees than there are jobs for them to fill. Because of their degrees, they refuse to do what they think to be "low" work, and, in fact, work with hands is thought to be dirty and shameful in such countries.But we have only to think a moment to see/know/understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is far more important than that of a professor. We can live without education, but we die if we have no food. If no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away from our houses, we should get terrible diseases in our towns.In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit ourselves for life, it means that we must be ready/willing/educated/taught to do whatever job suited to our brain and ability, and to realize that all jobs are necessary to society, that is very wrong/incorrect/erroneous to be ashamed of one's work or to scorn someone else’s. Only such a type of education can be called valuable to society.）Unit3. Human beings learn to communicate with each other will nonlinguistic means as well as linguistic ways/means/ones. All of us are fam iliar with the say it wasn’t what he said; it was the way that he said it when, by using/saying the word way we mean something about the particular vice quality that was in evidence., or the set of a shoulder, or the obvious tension of certain muscles. A message may even be sent by the accompanying tone and gestures, so that each of I’m ready, you are beautiful, and I don’t know where he is can mean the opposite of any such interpretation. Often we have/meet/encounter/experience difficulty in finding exactly what in the communication causes the change of meaning, and any statement we make leads to the source of the gap between the literal meaning of the words and the total message that is likely to be expressed in impressionistic terms. It is likely to refer to some thing like a “glint” in a person’s eyes, or a “threatening” gesture, or “provocative” manner.Unit4. How do the birds find their way on their enormously long journeys The young birds are not taught the road by their parents, because often the parents fly off first. We have no idea how the birds find their way, particularly as many of them fly at/by night, when landmarks could hardly be seen. And other birds migrate over the sea, where there are no landmarks at all. A certain kind of plover, for instance/example, nests in Canada. At the end of the summer these birds migrate from Canada to South America; they fly 2,500 miles, non-stop, over the ocean. Not only is this very long flight an extraordinary feat of endurance, but there are no landmarks on the ocean to guide/direct the birds.It has been suggested that birds can sense the magnetic lines of force stretching from the north to south magnetic pole of the earth, and so direct themselves. But all experiments hitherto made to see whether magnetism has any effect/influence whatsoever on animals have given negative results. Still, where there is such a biological mystery as migration, even improbable experiments are worth trying. It/this was being done in Poland, before the invasion of that country, on the possible influence of magnetism on path-finding. Magnets were attached to the birds’ heads to see if/whether their direction-sense was confused thereby. These unfinished experiments had, of course, to be stopped.Unit5. Man first existed on earth half a million years ago. Then he was little more than an animal; but early man had several big advantages over the animals. He had a large head/brain, he had an upright body, he had clever hands; he had in his brain special groups of nerve cells, not found in animals, that enabled him to invent a language and use it to communicate with his fellow men. The ability to speak was of very great use/value/significance/importance because it was allowed men to share ideas, and to plan together, so that tasks impossible for a single person could be successfully under-taken by intelligent team-work. Speech also enabled ideas to be passed on from generation to generation so that the stock of human knowledge slowly increased.It was these special advantages that put men far ahead of all other living creatures in the struggle for survival/existence. They can use their intelligence handing/overcoming their difficulties and master them.Unit6. Language varies according to sex and occupation. The language of man differs subtly from that of women. Men do not usually use expressions such as “its darling,” and women tend not to swear as extensively as men. Likewise, the language used in addressing men and women differs subtly: we can compliment a man on a new necktie with the compliment/words“what a pretty tie, that is!” but not with “how pretty you look today!” ---- an expression reserved for complimenting a woman. The occupation of a person causes his language to vary, particular in the use he makes of technical terms, that is, in the use he makes of the jargon of his vacation. Soldiers, dentist, hairdressers, mechanics, yachtsmen, and skiers all have their particular special languages. Sometimes the consequence is that such persons have difficulty in communicating with people outside the vacation on professional maters because the technical vocabulary is not understood by all. Although we can relate certain kinds of jargon to levels of occupation and professional training, we must also note that all occupations have some jargon, even these of the criminal underworld. There may well be a more highly developed use of jargon in occupations that require considerable education, in which words, and the concepts they use, are manipulated rather than objects, for example in the legal and teaching circle/world/field and in the world of finance.Unit7.The space age began on October 4, 1957, when Sputnik I was launched. This first man-made satellite was followed by many others, some of which went around the sun. Now the conquest of the space between the planets, and between the earth and the sun, continues at a rapid rate.Each mew satellite and space probe gives scientists new information. As men explore outer space, some of the questions they have long asked/wondered about will be answered at last.The greatest question of all concerns life itself. Is there intelligent life out side the earth Are there people, or creatures of some sort/kind living on Mars, Venus, or some other planet of the solar system Are there planets orbiting/going/circling around stars other than our sunThe only kind of life we know about would have to be upon a planet. Only a planet would have the temperatures and gas that all living things seem to need. Until a short time ago, we thought there were only a few planets. Today, scientists believe that many stars have planets going around them.…We know that there are nine planets in our own solar system-Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. If any other planets exist in our solar system, or anywhere else, our telescopes are not powerful enough to pick up their feeble reflected light. But astronomers guess that one star in a hundred has at least one planet where life could exist.We are quite sure that life could begin on a young planet. A new plant would be likely tocontain great seas, together with heavy clouds of water vapor and other gases. Electric storms would be common. It is possible that simple living cells might from when electricity passed through the clouds. An experiment made in 1952 at the University of Chicago seems to prove this. By passing electricity through nonliving materials, scientist made cells like those of living creatures.Unit8. At the beginning of the nineteenth century the only acceptable roles for women were domestic there was virtually nothing for them to do except stay at home or hire out as maids, governesses, and, before long, teachers. Women were not allowed to own property-in most cases, not even the clothes they wore. A working wife was not allowed to keep her wages but was required to turn them over to her husband. In case of separation or divorce, a woman had no legal claims on her husband and was not allowed to keep the children. She had to legal status, which meant that she was not permitted to bring suit or to give testimony in courts. Often, she was not permitted to inherit property or to make a will. She was barred from public office and excluded form public life generally. For the most part, women lacked opportunities for education, vocational training, and professional employment. The national consensus was that women belong in the home, and determined efforts were made to see that they stayed there.Unit9. Sydney’s best feature is her harbor. Most Sydneysid ers can see at least a glimpse of blue sea from their windows. Nearly everyone lives within an hour from a beach. On weekends sails of all shapes, sizes and colors glide across the water. Watching the yacht races is a favorite Saturday activity.The harbor divides Sydney into north and south sections. The harbor bridge connects the two. It was built in 1932 and cost 20 million.Another Sydney symbol stands on the harbor shore. Sydney’s magnificent opera house celebrated its 20th anniversary last year. Danish designer Jorn Utzon won an international contest with his design. The structure contains several auditoria and theaters. But not all concerts are held in the building. Sunday afternoon concerts on the building’s outer walk attract many listeners.Sydney’s trendy suburb is Paddington. Houses are tightly packed together. Many were first built for Victorian artists. Now fashionable shops, restaurants, arts galleries and interesting people fill the area. The best time to visit is Saturday, when vendors sell everything. So there is one of the world’s most attractive cities --- Sydney, Austrian.Unit 10 Architectural design influences how privacy is a chieved as well as how social contact is made in public places. The concept of privacy is not unique to a particular culture but what it means is culturally determined.People in the United States tend to achieve privacy by physically separating themselves from others. The expression “good fences make good neighbors” is a preference for privacy from n eighbors’ homes. If a family can afford it, each child has his or her own bedroom. When privacy is needed, family members may close their bedroom doors.In some cultures when individuals need privacy, it is acceptable for them simply to look into themselves. That is, they do not need to remove themselves physically from a group in order to achieve privacy.Young American children learn the rule “knock before you enter” which teaches them to respect others’ privacy. Parents, too, often follow this rule prior to entering their children’s rooms. When a bedroom door is closed it may be a(n) sign to others saying, “I need privacy,” “I’m angry,” or “Do not disturb. I’ busy.” For Americans, the physical division of space and the use of architectural features permit a sense of privacy.The way space is used to help the individual to achieve privacy, to build homes or to design cities if culturally influenced. Dr. Hall summarizes the relationship between individuals and their physical surroundings:Man and his extensions constitute one interrelated system. It is a mistake to act as though man was one thing and his house or his cities, or his language wee something else.Unit11. The Library of Congress is the largest library in the world. Its books, pamphlets, documents, manuscripts, official, papers, photographs, and prints amount to some 86 million items---a number that swells day by day----housed on 535 miles of shelves.Congress authorized a library in 1800, which amounted to three thousand books and a few maps when it was destroyed when the British burned the Capitol in 1814. to replace it, Thomas Jefferson sold the government his own library of almost 6500 volumes---the finest in the nation at the time. The collection, again housed in the Capitol, had grown to 55000 when a fire burned more than half of it. In 1866 a portion of the Smithsonian Institution’s library was added to the library of Congress, and in the same year the government entered an international program by which copies of U.S. documents were exchanged for those of other countries. The copyright law of 1870 ensured the library would always be up to date by requiring publishers to send two copies of each book published to the library in order to obtain copyright.|By 1870 the collections had outgrown its Capitol quarters. A suggestion to raise the Capitol dome and fill it with bookshelves was rejected, and in 1873 Congress authorized a competition for the design of a library building. A variety of disputes delayed construction for more than a decade, but the library’s Thomas Jefferson Building was finally opened in 1897.Unit12. As a nation, we starting to realize that we can’t solve the solid waste dilemma just by finding new places to put trash. Across the country, many individuals, communities and business have found creative ways to reduce and better manage their trash through a coordinated mix of practices that includes source reduction.Simply put source reduction is waste prevention.It includes many actions that reduce the disposal amount and harmfulness of waste created. Source reduction can conserve resources, reduce pollution, and help cut waste disposal and handing costs (it avoids the costs of recycling, landfilling, and combustion).Source reduction is a basic solution to too much garbage: less waste means less of a waste problem. Because source reduction actually prevents the increase of waste in the first place, it comes before other measures that deal with trash after it is already generated. After source reduction, recycling is the preferred waste management option because it reduces the amount of waste going to landfills and conserves resources.Unit13. The first step in helping the patient is to accept and acknowledge his illness. The cause of symptoms must be found, and measures to relieve them and to prevent recurrence must be taken. Thorough examinations are essential. Although the physician may suspect that the illness is due to emotional rather than physical cause, he must search carefully for any evidence of physical disease. It is not unknown for an illness considered psychosomatic to be later diagnosed as cancer or some other disease. The thorough search for physical causes of the symptoms helps to gain the patient’s confidence. He knows that his condition and symptoms are being taken seriously. If no organic basis for his complaints is found, he usually will find this news easier to accept when he knows he has had a thorough examination. Finding no physical cause for the disorder points the way to understan ding the patient’s condition. What is the cause Is it emotional stress If so, what kind What are the problems which are upsetting the patients Unit14. The work of French scientist Jean Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829) has contributed to the theory of evolution. Lamarck believed that the environment shaped the nature/trait/characteristic of plant and animal life. he believed that the bodies of plants and animals changed/had to fit their environment and a useful physical change would be passed on to the plant’s or animal’s offspring.For example, Lamarck thought that giraffes developed long necks because they had to stretch to get/eat the leaves of tall trees for food. Lamarck didn’t think that giraffes possessed/developed/had long necks all at once, however. He thought that the earliest group of giraffes stretched/lengthened their necks a small amount. Their offspring inherited this longer neck. The offspring then stretched their necks a little bit longer.They passed this even longer neck on to their own offspring. After many generations, giraffes developed the long necks that they have today.Not all of Lamarck’s theory is accepted today. Most scientists do not believe that the environment has a(n) effect/influence on the evolution of life forms. Nut the y don’t agree with the notion/idea that a physical change in a plant’s or animal’s body is passed on to the offspring. Instead, they believe that a change must occur in the plant’s or animal’s cells before a change inoffspring can take place.Unit15. In a very big city, in which millions of people live and work, fast, frequent means of transportation are of the greatest importance. In London, where most people live long distance/away from their work, all officers, factories and schools would have to choose if the buses, the trains and the Underground stopped work.Originally the London Underground had steam trains which were not very different from other English trains, except that they went along in big holes under the ground in order to keep away from the crowded city above their heads. Steam trains used coal, which filled the underground stations with terrible smoke. As a result, the old trains were taken away, and electric ones put in their place. Now the London Underground is very clean, and the electric trains make faster runs possible.'At every Underground station/stop there are maps of all the Underground lines in London, so that it is easy to see how to get wherever one wants to go. Each station has its name written up clearly and in large letters several times, so that one can see when one comes to where one must get out. At some stations one can change to a different underground train, and in some places, such as Piccadilly, there are actually three lines crossing each other. The trains on the three lines are not on the same level, so that there should not be accidents. To change trains, one has to go up or down some stairs to a new level. It would be tiring to have to walk up these stairs/steps, so the stairs are made to move themselves, and all that the people/passengers have to do is to stand and be carried up or down to where they wish. In fact, everything is done to make the Underground fast and efficient.Unit16.Why “grandfather” clock Well, these clocks were passed through the family and so were always thought of as “grandfather’s clock.” But the first domestic timepieces were hung from a nail on the wall. Unfortunately dust got into the works and even worse children used to swing from the weights and the pendulum. So first the face and works and then the weights and the pendulum were protected by wooden cases. Before long the clock was nearly all case and was stood on the ground/floor and called, not surprisingly, a long-case clock. These “grandfather” clocks were very expensive, ma de as they were from fine wood, often beautifully carved or decorated with ivory. Famous makers of this period included Thomas Tompion, John Harrison and Edward East, but don’t get too excited if you find that the clock Grandma left you has one of these names on the back. Before you start jumping up and downing and shouting, “we’re rich, we’re rich,” remember that plenty of people before the 20th century had the idea of making cheap clocks/timepieces of famous original and “borrowing” the names of their bet ters. And don’t forget that the first chiming mechanism wasn’t invented/created/made until 1695, so a chiming clock, however charming it sounds, will date from the 18th century. A fake/false/imitated late 17th century grandfather clock made by East sold recently for just under 20000.Unit17. Suppose you send your child off to the movies for three hours next Sunday. And three hours on Monday and the same number of hours Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, and Saturday. Thus is essentially what is happening to the average child in American today, except it is not the screen in the movie house down the street he sits in front of, it is instead the television set right in your own house.According to the Nielsen Index figures for TV viewing, it is dais that by the time a child graduates from high school he has had 11000 hours of schooling, as opposed to 15000 hours of viewing. I would like to repeat that. By the time the child is 18 years old, he has spent more hours in front of TV than he has in school. Over TV he will have witnessed by that time some 18000 murders and countless highly detailed cases of robbery, arson, bombing, shooting, beatings, forgery, smuggling, and torture---averaging approximately cone per minute in the standard television cartoon for children under the age of ten. In general, seventy-five percent of all network dramatic programs contain violence.Dr. Albert Bandura of Standford University reaches/draws two conclusions about violence on TV: (1) that it tends to reduce the child’s inhibit ions against acting in a violent, aggressive manner, and (2) that children will imitate what they see. Dr. Bandura points out that a child won’tnecessarily run out and attack the first person he sees after watching violence on the screen, but that, if provoked later on, he may very well put what he has learned into practice.One of the lessons of television is that, violence works. If you have a problem with someone, the school of TV says to slap him in the face, stab him in the back. Because most of the program has shown how well violence has paid off, punishment at the end tends not to have much of an inhibitory effect.。
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U1Part A: cPart B: c, d, d, a, d, c, a, c, dPart C: b, b, d, d, a, d, c, b, d, dFast Reading (P8)c, d, b, c, aa/d, a, c, d, ac, c, b, c, dHome Reading (P15)d, b, b, a/d, c, b, a, b, d, cExtra Passage for Careful-ReadingA, C, D, B, B, C1. [A]【定位】第2段第3句。
【解析】根据原文该句母亲所问的问题可以推断母亲接到电话的时候，第一个反应是“担心”，因此本题应选选项A。
本题最具有干扰性的是选项C，suspicious和第2段最后一句中的suspect属于同一个词族，但要注意的是，在文中suspect是“猜想”的意思，而不是“怀疑”的意思，而suspicious只有“怀疑的、可疑的”意思，这样来看就知道选项C不符合原文的内容了。
2. [C]【定位】第4段最后两句。
【解析】可以说，母亲的朋友也应该是老年人，他们应该也像母亲一样很少能和儿女聚会，由此可推断，他们认为作者通过邀请母亲吃饭而表达对母亲的爱，作者这样做让他们很感动，因此本题应选选项C。
作者和母亲的晚餐聚会发生在原文提到impressed这个动作之后，而原文没有提及在聚会之后朋友们的感觉，因此选项A是不正确的；选项D是几乎每个父母都有的感觉，朋友们不可能因此而感动。
3. [D]【定位】第5段第2句。
【解析】从原文前5段的内容可以推断母亲觉得自己像第一夫人是因为她那天很高兴，能和儿子一起吃饭让她觉得很得意，而且也以儿子为荣，因此，本题选择选项D最合适。
我们可以用另一个方法快速锁定正确答案。
原文该句中的as if 表示一种感觉，在四个选项中，只有选项D中的felt表示感觉，其他三个选项的动词都用于描述现实，在这种情况下，即使选项C中的important在现实中也可用来形容当第一夫人的感觉，也可以马上排除了。
4. [B]【定位】第8段第1句。
【解析】原文该句中的recent events表明母亲在吃饭时谈起的是最近发生的事，在4个选项中选项B提到的时间是最近的，因此选项B为本题答案。
选项C的memory与第6段末句中的nostalgic意思相关，但原文该句只表明母亲想起了过去，但不一定在吃饭时就“主要”谈起过去，因此选项C是不正确的。
5. [B]【定位】第9段和最后两段。
【解析】从第9段的I'll go out with you again可以知道母亲在提出请儿子吃饭时，她还是想着自己一定会去的，根据倒数第2段最后两句和最后一段的哲理可以推断母亲当时提出邀请是因为她也要让儿子知道她很爱他。
由此可见，本题应选选项B。
倒数第2段第5句表明母亲并不能确定自己的病情，所以说“她快要死了”（选项A）是过度推断。
选项D是另一个强干扰项，但别忘了第9段的I’ll go out with you again，当母亲提出邀请时，她并没有想要邀请媳妇一起参加，这可能是后来回家之后才想到的，所以选项D并不是母亲已开始提出邀请时的目的。
6. [C]【定位】最后一段第2句。
【解析】最后一段是对全文中心思想的概括，第2句表明family是最重要的东西，可见本文是为了说明我们要珍惜我们的family，因此本题应选选项C。
本题稍具干扰性的是选项B，但本文并不是对“爱”泛泛而谈，而是主要针对家庭成员的“爱”，所以选项B过泛了。
Cloze 1, Book 11. D2. A3. C4. H5.E6. K7. M8. B9. F 10. JU2Part A: dPart B: b, c, c, d, c, c, b, cPart C: a, d, d, b, a, b, b, b, c, aFast Reading (P24)Passage 1: c, d, d, a, cPassage 2: c, d, b, c, aPassage 3: d, d, d, c, dHome Reading (P31)c, d, d, c, c, d, d, c, d, b, c, aExtra Passage for Careful-Reading[B]【定位】第1段第3句。
【解析】题干中的amaze和原文该句中的startle同义，都有surprise的意思，本题其实要求理解该句中的the lacy structure of steel所指是什么。
steel是这个建筑物的材料，而steel后的定语从句which spans the East River表明这个建筑物横跨在河上，从这写信息可以推论这个建筑物是一座铁桥，故选项B为本题答案。
[C] 【定位】第2段第2句。
【解析】第二段第一句中的fantastic，第二句中的awe-inspiring，第三句中的vast和such as the gods might build for themselves都表明作者会对看到的建筑物表示“赞叹”之情，在四个选项中，选项C与这种情绪的表达最为接近，故为本题答案。
[A] 【定位】第4段第2、3、4句。
【解析】第四段最后两句是对第二句的解释，解释作者如果能看到经过的路人会想什么。
从最后两句的内容I see smiles, and I am happy. I see serious determination, and I am proud, I see suffering, and I am compassionate.可以推断作者会感受路人的情绪，会与他们欢喜悲哀与共，因此，本题应选选项A。
选项C中的life style涵盖范围过宽，而原文只是提到“情感”方面的感受而已。
选项D意为“理解他们内心深处的感受”，可以说，原文这几句话表现出来的内容还没有到“内心”那么深入，几句话描述的都只是作者对路人面部表情的观察而已。
[C] 【定位】第5段第3句。
【解析】原文该句中的I’m certain that …表明作者会对color很着迷。
本题最具迷惑性的选项是选项B，因为第5段第4句提到了style和cut，但要注意这一句用的是虚拟语气，表明作者对于styles和cut的感受都只存在于假设当中，所以不要被选项B给迷惑了。
[D] 【定位】全文【解析】在回答本题时，千万不要被最后一段提到的关于comedy的内容所迷惑了。
这一段提到的是作者在最后一天的那一个晚上的安排，她说她会再次去看一场戏剧，去欣赏人类精神世界中喜剧的泛音，由此可见，选项A是毫无根据的（她要把她的生活当作一部喜剧）。
从全文的描述来看，可以看得出作者对于外界的事物都抱着积极、欣赏的态度，因此，本题答案应为选项D。
本题涉及作者的tone and attitude，最好在看完全文、理解了全文内容后，再次斟酌一下作者的用词，以感受作者的情绪。
Cloze 2, Book 11. C2. G3. J4. A5. B6. D7. E8. F9. K 10. HU3Part A: cPart B: c, d, b, c, c, d, c, c, b, d, d, cPart C: b, a, a, d, b, a, a, d, a, aFast Reading (P41)Passage 1: b, c, c, d, b/cPassage 2: c, b, a, c, cPassage 3: d, d, d, d, aHome Reading (P49)c, d, c, b, b, a, d, bExtra Passage for Careful-Reading1. [D]【定位】根据题干中的Kemsley定位到第2段最后一句。
【解析】原文该句破折号前后的内容表明Fleming接受Kemsley newspaper的工作是有条件的，破折号后的内容就是这个条件，选项D中的on condition that也表示基于某种条件去做一件事，选项D是对破折号后的内容的近义改写，因此选项D为本题答案。
本题的解题关键是理解原文该句中的without compromise。
选项A与原文内容相反；原文表明Fleming每年冬天在Jamaica度假，而不是如选项B中说的去工作，因此选项B不正确；选项C是原文没有提到的内容，难以证明是否能与原文内容构成因果关系。
2. [A]【定位】第3段第1句。
【解析】本题实际上要求选择在Fleming开始写作后发生的事，而且这件事必须是他开始写作前没有考虑到的。
第3段第1句末尾的定语从句中的时态would表明定于从句的内容是发生在Fleming开始写作之后，而且他自己从没想过自己的写作生涯会造成那么大的影响，由此可见，本题应选选项A。
选项B是促使Fleming开始从事写作的原因，因此这应该是Fleming有考虑到的。
选项C和选项D是发生在Fleming开始写作之前就发生了的事实，他对此肯定是知道的，所以这两个选项都不符合题意。
3. [C]【定位】根据题干中的thrillers定位到第4段第1句。
【解析】原文该句中的elite existence, arrogance, style, acid wit等都是与个性特点有关的内容，表明Fleming在他的小说中融进了自己独特的个性特点，因此本题应选选项C。
选项B和选项D都是Fleming的经历，但与elite existence, arrogance, style, acid wit 等“个性”特点关系不够紧密，因此本能选。
4. [B]【定位】根据题干中双引号里的内容定位到第5段第1句。
【解析】原文该句中的fill out …with …表明Fleming用adventure journalism“充满”了关于Bond的故事，Bond是他所写的故事的主角，这也就是说，Fleming在小说中让这个主角经历了各种各样的“历险”，由此可见，本题应选选项B。
干扰项都围绕journalism一词做文章，在原文中，adventure journalism应理解为“新闻式的历险故事”，也就是说，在原文中，journalism并不与真正的“新闻业”，“新闻工作”，“记者”等有关，它只是用来描述Fleming 的故事特点，可见，其它选项都是对journalism的错误理解。
5. [B]【定位】第7段首句和最后一段首句。
【解析】第7段首句和最后一段首句都提到了heart一词，而最后一段首句中的loosing battle of his weakening heart明确表明Fleming无法战胜他的心脏病，并最终输掉了与心脏病的“战斗”，由此可见，Fleming是死于心脏疾病的，即选项B为本题答案。