北师大版高一英语必修二U4知识点

Lesson One

e true 成为现实；实现

例：It’s like a dream come true. (习语)

2.predict v. 语言prediction n.

predict 与forecast 的区别：

predict 是用经验，感觉来判断；而forecast指对未来事件的预测，这种预测建立在某种知识或判断上，如对天气的预测是建立在科学判断上的。

3.describe vt. 描写，形容；把……称为

例：He described himself as a doctor.

description n. 描述

4.harm vt. & n. 损害，伤害

Too much direct sunlight will harm the plant.

do harm to 伤害，损害

This won’t do his career serious harm.

do more harm than good 弊大于利

Criticizing people’s work often does more harm than good.

5.cause n. & vt.

(1) n. 原因，起因；理由，缘故

Carelessness is often the cause of fires.

(2)vt. 使发生，引起，造成；后接名词，间接宾语+直接宾语，直接宾语+ to/for+间接宾语或宾语+to do sth.

What caused his illness?

6.affect vt. 影响

affect vt. 影响

Smoking affects health.

effect n. 效应；影响

Loud noises have a bad effect on hearing.

effort n. 努力；尽力.

I’ll spare no effort to help you.

affect vt. 使感染;假装

Her heart and kidneys had become affected.

7.offer vt. 提供，供应；出价；主动提出n. 主动提议；出价；特价

（1）vt. offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物

I offered him a glass of wine. = I offered a glass of wine to him.

（2）offer sb. some money for sth. 出价多少钱向某人买某物

He offered $4,000 for the car.

（3）offer to do sth. 主动做某事

（4）n. I’ve had an offer of $4,000 for the small house.

（5）on offer 削价出售

8.voice 用作及物动词，意思是“表达，吐露”；voice还可用作名词，意思是“声

音，嗓音”或“意见；发言权”

常用短语：

voice one’s deep love to sb. 表达对某人深深地爱

voice one’s opinion 表达某人的观点

with one voice 异口同声

in a loud/quiet voice 大声地/轻声低

9.采取行动:

take action

take a step/steps

take a measure/measures

10.fear v. 后接名词，不定式，v-ing形式或从句

He fears death. = He fears to die. = He fears dying.

fear n. “害怕，恐惧，担心”

（1）for fear of + sth./ doing sth. / for fear (that)……生怕……，以免……（2）in fear of 害怕

（3）with fear 由于害怕

They hurried away for fear of being caught in the rain. = They hurried away for fear that they should be caught in the rain.

11.复杂疑问句构成：疑问词+do you think/suppose/imagine/believe/expect…+其

余部分（其余部分语序为陈述句语序）

What do you think technology will change our lives?

12.do (看见动作全过程)

see sb. doing (看到动作正在进行)

done (看到某事被做，表示完成或状态)

13.will, be going to, be about to与be to do 的用法异同

（1）表“推测”用法时，用will表示推测是从我们的直觉，知识及经验出发的；用be going to 表示推测是来自证据或事实。

Look at those black clouds. It’s going to rain.

I think people will be able to have holidays on Mars in 100 years’ time.

（2）表示“将来打算”用法时：

a.be going to 表示事先经过考虑的打算（will 表示临时想到的）

We are going to Britain next month.

b.be going to 表示“预见”，即现在已有迹象表明要发生或即将发生的某种情

况；

Good heavens, I must hurry. I am going to be late.

c.be going to 表示“意图”，即打算在将来做某事。

I’m going to help my parents run our business.

（3）be about to do 表示快要做某事，指的是一个眼下就要发生的动作，因此不能与确切的时间状语连用。但是，它可以和as 或when引

导的时间状语从句连用。

The plane is about to take off.

（4） a. be to do 相当于should do,即“某事应当或必须如何做”，常用在通知或注意事项里。

These tables are to be kept out of the reach of children.

b. be to do 可以用于表示命令，常用语父母让子女做某事或上级指

示下级去做某事。

You are to finish your homework before you watch TV.