外研版高中英语必修二备课Module 6 Films and TV Programmes教案6

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外研版高中英语必修二备课Module 6 Films and TV Programmes复习巩固提升详细解析

必修2 Module 6 Films and TV ProgrammesⅠ. 单词拼写1. The film was so m that her eyes filled with tears.2. When she was fifteen years old, she became a g dancer.3. There has been a great l in the number of births in these past ten years.4. His books aren’t particularly well written, but they’re always e .5. They put up (海报) all round the town advertising their new album.6. She wanted to become a(n) (女演员), but her father didn’t agree with her.7. I heard that a new (充满刺激的电影) would be shown next week.8. This is the first time that the young actor has appeared in the new (喜剧).9. My little brother wants to study (戏剧) and become an actor.10. It rained (偶尔) but not enough for watering the plant.Ⅱ.辨析填空A. direct/directly1. She left after the show.2. He came and reported it to me.3. They are against our opinion.B. care about/care for1. I don’t what you think; I’m certain he is right.2. I wonder whether they will us all to go there.3. The first attempt may fail, but we don’t that.C. come out/publish1. The magazine once a month.2. Today’s newspaper this news.3. The book was in 1980.Ⅲ. 同义句转换1. Helen went to the post office after she finished the letter.Helen to the post office she finished the letter.2. This is the third time that she has visited China up to now.She has visited China three times .3. He no longer goes to school.He go to school .4. He came in, with a book in his hand.He came in, .5. I’m not a bit hungry.I’m hungry .Ⅳ.用适当的介词或副词填空1. How many days have astronauts spent in space total?2. He was looking at the moon his telescope when he got a big surprise.3. We congratulated John his getting the first prize the IT contest held last Sunday.4. As a result her absence from school for a month, Linda has fallen others in science.5. Yao Ming is Huston Rockets, and is quite popular basketball fans of the world.6. China sent the first manned spacecraft space October 15,2003.Ⅴ. 翻译句子1. 健康的习惯将在我们的日常生活中起到重要的作用。

外研版高中英语必修二备课Module 6 Films and TV Programmes教案5

Module 6 Films and TV Programmers一．题材内容及学习目的本模块话题是“电影和电视节目”，阅读课文为影评。

通过本模块的学习，使学生能用新学词汇、句型等基础知识，围绕话题开展厅、硕、读、写活动，能正确看待电影、电视的功能，并通过影视作品增长知识、丰富生活。

二．教学目标１．语言知识２．语言技能３．学习策略４．文化意识大致了解并比较我国和西方国家在影视方面的主要情况、特点和风格；学会通过影视作品学习语言，了解文化。

５．情感态度学会有选择地欣赏电影或电视节目，获取有效信息，促进科学文化知识的学习。

三．教学重点和难点１．重点：（１）用新学词汇、句型等基础知识，围绕话题开展听、说、读、写活动。

（２）语法：Ａ：Adverbs of frequency and placeB：Adverbs and adverbial phrases.(3) 阅读中能推断新学词汇、短语的意义。

２．难点：用英语进行电影评论。

四．教学方法运用任务性教学途径，围绕核心任务，设定小任务。

围绕文章内容，设计听、说、读、写活动，尽可能地提供训练学生技能的机会。

开展促进自主性学习的课堂活动，强调合作探究与独立思考相结合。

五．教学安排根据本模块内容特点、目标任务，以及学生学习英语的规律和特点，本模块整合梳理为６课时：Period 1: Introduction , Reading and vocabularyPeriod 2: Cultural Corner , Reading (workbook , P99)Period 3: Grammar 1,2Period 4: Language pointsPeriod 5: Writing , TaskPeriod 6:Exercises (test)Period 1 Introduction , Reading and vocabularyI . 教材内容及教学目标1．学习与电影有关的英语词汇，如：poster, thriller, comedy , sword 等。

高中英语外研版必修二Module 6 Films and TV Programmes 教案

S1:“Alot of Chinese.”
T:“Yes,most of thepopulationinSingaporeareChinese.”Here this new word will be taught in nextperiod.
Invitingthe students who havereviewedthe text to read and teachotherstudentsaboutthe name of the zoo.
T:“Thisis the autumn inSingapore. You can also go swimming in autumn there.”
Presenting the three pictures about seasons
Ss: “Spring.”Some students:“春天”
rooftop, leap, graceful,
2.Structure:A).This small island inSoutheast Asiais a wonderful place totake a holiday.
B). On the one hand, more than three quarters of the population are Chinese.
T：“What’s this?”
Ss:“狐狸.”
T：“What is thefoxdoing?”
Ss:“It’s sleeping.”
T:“Yes, it’s asleep! So, what about this lion?Is it asleep or not?”
Ss:“You are right.This lion is not asleep and it’sawakein thedark.”

高中英语新课标外研版必修2教案(Module 6 Films and TV Programmes the 2ed Period)

Period 2Speaking; Grammar 1; Vocabulary and Listening整体设计教材分析The teaching contents of this period include the following parts: Speaking; Grammar 1; Vocabulary and Listening. Speaking is a revision of the topic learned last class. Grammar 1 aims at making students clear about the use of “adverbs of frequency and place”. To achieve this aim teachers should ask students to examine the sentences and finish off the exercises prepared for this part and encourage them to learn more “adverbs of frequency and pl ace”. After students have get the ideas, teachers can give them more exercises about it, and make students understand the adverbs more deeply and learn to use them. And the section of vocabulary and listening, whose content is an interview about watching TV, offers the students the practical exercise of listen for information. The students should understand the words first and then listen to the tape. In concrete activities, students should distinguish the new words and phrases in dialogues and passages and understand their meanings correctly. AxrKnWWod5三维目标1. 知识与技能1>Review the topic about films.2>Develop their listening ability.3>Learn to use “adverbs of frequency and place”.2. 过程与方法1>Individual or pair work to finish the task.2>Discussion to make them summarize the grammatical items of “adverbs of frequency and place”.AxrKnWWod53>Practice to make the students use “adverbs of frequency and place” correctly.AxrKnWWod53. 情感与价值Through the study of this period students will learn more about “adverbs of frequency and place” and meanwhile they will improve their listening skills. AxrKnWWod5教学重点1. Encourage them to sum up the grammatical rules of “adverbs of frequency and place” themselves.AxrKnWWod52. Develop their listening ability.教学难点1. Make sure students master the grammatical items.AxrKnWWod52. Make students use “adverbs of frequency and place” correctly. AxrKnWWod5教学过程→Step 1 Greetings and RevisionTeachers greet the students as usual and then asks a few good students to share their favourite films.AxrKnWWod5(Show the following on the screen. >1 What’s your favourite film?2 Who’s your favourite movie star?3 Can you name a female character in your favourite film?AxrKnWWod54 What’s the name of the actress who play this role?AxrKnWWod55 Can you name a film that you think is a masterpiece? Say why.AxrKnWWod56 Think of your favourite film scene. Can you name an actor or actress who is in this scene? AxrKnWWod5Let students give their answers individually.→Step 2 Grammar 1: adverbs of fre quency and place1. Look at the underlined words in these sentences. Ask the students to tell the types of the adverbs.AxrKnWWod5 Show the following sentences on the screen.1>The children went out of the public library happily.AxrKnWWod52>He promised that he would come here before five o’clock.AxrKnWWod53>They haven’t yet finished the experiment.4>I make telephone calls to my parents twice a week.AxrKnWWod55>Luckily all of them passed the driving test.6>The girl did fairly well in the speech contest.7>Why was he late for the meeting?8>Do you remember the day when your brother joined the army? AxrKnWWod5Suggested answers:1>方式副词2>地点副词３>时间副词４>频度副词５>句子副词６>程度副词７>疑问副词８>关系副词AxrKnWWod52. Look at the words in bold in the sentences and follow the instructions.AxrKnWWod5A Martial arts films are often enjoyable but they are seldom great art.AxrKnWWod5B. . . characters leap through the air every now and then. . .AxrKnWWod5C Films like this rarely reach the big screen.D Wuxia films are popular in China. . .E Ang Lee had never directed a martial arts film before.AxrKnWWod5F It has occasionally been done.G Do you often go to the cinema?1 Underline the single words that tell us how often something happens.AxrKnWWod5With the verb to be, do these words come (a>after is or are? (b>before is or are? AxrKnWWod5Do these words come (a>before the auxiliary verb?(b>after the auxiliary verb? AxrKnWWod5Do they come (a>before the main verbs? (b>after the main verb? AxrKnWWod52 Find a phrase that tells us how often something happens.AxrKnWWod5Does it come (a>before the main verb? (b>towards the end of the sentence? AxrKnWWod53 Find a phrase that tell us where something happens.AxrKnWWod5Does it come (a>before the main verb? (b>towards the end of the sentence? AxrKnWWod5Suggested answers:1 seldom, rarely, never, occasionally, often(a>(b>(a>AxrKnWWod52 every now and then, (b>3 in China, (b>3. Finish activity 2, decide which words and phrases tell us how often something happens and which phrases tell us where something happens.AxrKnWWod5Ask students to do the activity individually, then check their answers with a partner.AxrKnWWod5Collect the answers from the whole class. Make a form on the blackboard.AxrKnWWod5Suggested answers:how often occasionally, (every>now and then, three times a week, seldom, from time to time, once a week,rarely, every two dayswhere in the west (of the country>, between the houses, at the end (of the road>, through theair→Step 3 Vocabulary and listening1. Show the following words and expressions on the screen and let students read them aloud.AxrKnWWod5 Ad(advertisement>argue(TV>channel disagree entertainingAxrKnWWod5Neighbour programme relaxLet the students do the following exercises to consolidate the words.AxrKnWWod5Show the following on the screen.1>Nowadays_________ can be seen in newspapers, on TV, in the streets and everywhere else.AxrKnWWod52>Usually I enjoy listening to light music to_________ myself in my spare time.AxrKnWWod53>They_________ for about an hour and didn’t reach any agreement.AxrKnWWod54>A(n> _________ is one who lives in the house next to yours.AxrKnWWod55>Sometimes the have the same opinions but sometimes they_________ with each other.AxrKnWWod56>This is a(n> _________ tale. Most of the children like it very much.AxrKnWWod57>Mr. Wang prefers to watch CCTV _________ 9 because all the_________ are in English.AxrKnWWod5Suggested answers:1>advertisements2>relax3>argued4>neighbour 5>disagree 6>entertaining 7>Channel, programmesAxrKnWWod52. Pair work. Asking and answering the following questions: AxrKnWWod51>What’s your favourite TV channel?2>What do you do to relax?3>Do you agree or disagree that advertisements are entertaining? AxrKnWWod54>Do you ever argue with your family about which TV programme to watch? AxrKnWWod5Students answer in their own words.3. Listen to the interview and number the questions.AxrKnWWod5Show the following questions on the screen before play the tape.AxrKnWWod5Make sure students understand and remember the questions before listening.AxrKnWWod5A Do you enjoy advertisements?B How often do you watch it?C How often do you change channels in the evening?D What’s your favourite TV programmes?E Do you have a television in your home?F Do you watch a lot of films on televisions?While listening, students can put down the answers according to what they heard.AxrKnWWod5Listen again and check the answers. If necessary, play the tape one more time.AxrKnWWod5Check the answers in class.Suggested answers:The right order: 1 E 2 B 3 F 4 C 5 A 6 DListen once more to choose the right answer for activity 4 on page 55.AxrKnWWod5Suggested answers:1 b2 a3 a4 b5 b6 bTapescriptInterviewer: Do you have a television in your home?Boy: Sure!We’ve g ot two, one is the sitting room and a small one in the kitchen. We always watch telly in the morning in the kitchen as we eat our breakfast.Interviewer: Really!How often do you watch it?Boy: Watch the box? I watch it every night for about two hours. And sometimes, when my parents are out, I watch it non-stop all evening, I’m afraid to say. I love it, it’s the way I relax. My mum says I watch too much, but I disagree. I think you can learn a lot from the television. There was a programme about homeless people last weekend that was really interesting.Interviewer: Do you watch a lot of films on televisions?Boy: I watch films all the time at the weekend. It’s one of the most relaxing things you can do when you’re tired or bored.Interviewer: I see!How often do you change channels in the evening?Boy: Quite a lot. If we’re all watching, we often argue about which programme we want to watch. My parentslike serious programmes like news, but I prefer comedy programmes.Interviewer: Do you enjoy advertisements?Boy: Yes, I do, I think they can be very interesting. I saw an excellent one yesterday. When I leave school, I want to work in advertising.Interviewer: Good for you! What’s your favourite TV programmes?Boy: I love watching Neighbours. Everyone in it acts so brilliantly, I have to find out what’s happening to the characters. They seem so real!Interviewer: So what’s on TV tonight? Anything good? Boy: Absolutely! Neighbours!→Step 4 Consolidation1. Give students more exercise about adverbs offrequency and place to make sure they can grasp them morefirmly.AxrKnWWod5(Show the following on the screen. >Part A: 翻译句子，注意副词的正确使用。

外研版高中英语必修二备课Module 6 Films and TV Programmes教案4

Module 6 Films and TV ProgrammesWriting and Task---教案Step1. Read the text on page 52, and answer the questions .1.R ead through the questions with the students and make sure they understand them all.2.A sk them to complete the activity individually, then check with a partner.3.C ollect the answers from the whole class.Step 2. Write a review of a film you have seen. Follow these instructions.1.R ead through the instructions with the students.2.Ask them write their review individually.3.They can then exchange it with partner for peer correction.Step3.Task: writing a film page for a magazine.1. PreparationShow some examples of film pages from Chinese and western magazines to make them know how they are laid out.2. Work in small groups.Read through the instructions with the students and make sure they understand what they have to do . Put them into groups of four, and suggest that they first decide what they are going to have on the page, then decide up the work between them so that they each do a different part.3. Have the groups present their pages ----they can do this either to another groups, or to the whole class.。

外研版高中英语必修二备课Module 6 Films and TV Programmesthe 1st Period教案

Module 6 Films and TV Programmes Period 1 Introduction;Reading and Vocabulary整体设计教材分析This period includes Introduction as well as Reading and Vocabulary. Introduction can serve as a warming up of the class. To make students fully prepared for the study of the passage, the teacher may encourage the students to talk about the film Harry Potter, which leads to Reading and Vocabulary. The reading passage is a film review which mainly represents to us the Chinese martial arts film, Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. It is suggested that students should first skim the reading passage and get the general idea of each paragraph and then join them into a short passage. If necessary, deal with some difficult language points.三维目标1. 知识与技能1)Vocabularies about films and TV programmes:actor, actress, adventure film, argue, channel, character, chat show, come out, comedy, crime, desert, direct, disagree, entertaining, female, fiancé, fight, graceful, leap, male, martial arts film, masterpiece, moving, play a part, quiz show, romantic film, roof, soap (opera), sports programme, star(v. ), sword, take place, thriller, TV/radio drama2)Develop the students’reading ability.3)Talk about the items of a film.2. 过程与方法Individual work or pair work to get every student to participate in class.Explanations to make students master some language points.Fast-reading to make students get the main idea of the passage.3. 情感与价值Cultivate students’sense of appreciation.Encourage them to learn from the heroes in the films.教学重点Help students make sense of the whole passage.Help students to improve their reading ability.Help students learn and use the vocabularies about films and TV programmes.教学难点Help students use the talk about films.教学过程→Step 1 Lead-inBefore the class teachers may ask students to search some current film posters and collect some information about them. Before learning this section, teachers may organize some warming-up activities. And the activities are as follows.1. Show some film poster to the students and ask the students questions according to activity 1.Show the following on the screen.Collect the answers from the whole class. For example the first poster:1 What’s the film called?2 Who directs it?3 Who stars in it?4 When did it come out?Suggested answers:1 Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone.2 Chris Columbus3 Daniel Radcliffe, Emma Watson, Rupert Grint4 2001The answers to the second poster: Spider-Man 3; Sam Raimi; Tobey Maguire; 2007 The answers to the third poster: Protégé, Tung-Shing Yee; Andy Lau and Daniel Wu; 2007Make sure students understand the words and phrases: come out, direct, film star, star(v. ), movie2. Ask students: What types of film do you know? Then introduce some common type of films and ask students to give examples. Fill in the form below together. Types of film ExamplesRomantic film Roman Holiday; Titanic; Waterloo Bridge Thriller Jurassic Park; Tomb RaiderMartial arts film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon; Hero Comedy Steal Happiness; City Lights; ModernTimesAdventure film Find Nemo; The Gold Rush3. Add a column to the form above and put the following words into the form.Ask a student to the blackboard to fill in the form.Types of film Examples Words to fill in Romantic film Roman Holiday; Titanic; Waterloo Bridge be/fall in loveThriller Jurassic Park; Tomb Raider gun crime exciting fight Martial artsCrouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon; Hero exciting fight swordfilmamusingComedy Steal Happiness; City Lights; ModernTimesAdventure film Find Nemo; The Gold Rush gun crime exciting fightsword→Step 2 Pre-reading1. Explain the words to students. Make sure the know the meanings of the words:male female actress director2. Look at the film poster. Which words do you think will be in the film review?action actor actress character desert express female master male martial arts play a part unusualFirst ask students to read out the words and then choose.3. Discussion: Students may discuss their answers in pairs.Look at the poster and discuss.Topics:1)How much do you know the film?2)Can you tell anything about the film?Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon is a martial arts film. We can see the names of the characters in this poster. I know the male character is played by a well-known actor called Chow Yun-Fat. And the two actress are Michelle Yeoh and Zhang Ziyi.Let the students answer the questions quickly and simply. Encourage everyone to speak.→Step 3 While-Reading1. SkimmingAsk the students to read the passage quickly and choose the best summary of the film.Show the following on the screen.1 It takes place in Peking rooftops and in the deserts of western China.2 It is a martial arts film that tells the story of a stolen sword, and the fight to get it back.3 It tells the story of two people who love each other.Suggested answer:2 is the best2. ScanningRead this article part by part and make sure students can understand the details in this text.Show the true or false questions for students on the screen and make sure they can understand all of them.Show the following on the screen.1)Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon is a masterpiece of martial arts films.2)Now wuxia films are well received only in China.3)The story is mainly about how Li Mubai and Yu Xiulian tried to get back a stolen sword.4)Chow Yun-Fat played wonderfully in the film and the part Li Mubai interests the audience most.5)Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon is really a excellent film.Suggested answers:1)T 2)F 3)T 4)F 5)T3. Find these words in the text. Match them with the definitions below.Show the following on the screen.every now and then fiancégraceful leap masterpiecemoving roof take place1 happen2 the top part of a building that covers it3 causing strong feelings, especially sad feelings4 moving in a smooth and attractive way5 sometimes6 an extraordinarily good film, book, painting, etc.7 the man you have promised to marry8 jump into the air or a long distanceRead out the words and have the students repeat them after you chorally and individually.Make sure the students know what they mean.Ask them to do the activity individually, and then check with a partner.Collect the answers from the whole class, having a student read out the definition and another give the word.Suggested answers:1 take place2 roof3 moving4 graceful5 every now and then6 masterpiece7 fiancé8 leap→Step 4 Post-reading1. Complete the sentences with the words from the text.Show the following on the screen.1 I cried at the end of the film because it was so__________ .2 Michelle Yeoh__________ the part of a martial arts master.3 Xiulian is the__________ we are most interested in.4 He climbed on the__________ of the house.5 He tried to__________ over the wall but did not succeed.Ask the students to complete the sentences individually and then check with a partner.Collect the answers from the whole class, asking them to give you completesentence.Suggested answers:1 moving2 played3 character4 roof5 leap2. Read the passage again. Say what you know about these tings or characters.Ask the students to complete the sentences individually and then check with a partner.Collect the answers from the whole class, asking them to give you complete sentences.Suggested answers:1 Ang Lee is the director.2 Wuxia stories are about martial arts masters with unusual abilities.3 They are in love with other, but Mubai feels he cannot marry Xiulian because her fiancé who has died was his friend.4 Someone steals her sword and they try to get it back.5 She is a beautiful actress who plays Yu Jiaolong.6 Chow Yun-Fat is the actor who plays Li Mubai.→Step 5 Language Points Focus1. poster n. 海报post n. &v. 邮寄Please send this gift by post.请将这份礼物邮寄。

外研版高中英语必修二备课Module 6 Films and TV Programmesthe 5th Period教案

Period 5 Cultural Corner; Module File 整体设计教材分析This period contains two parts, that is, Cultural Corner and Module File. The first part is a passage mainly about a famous film director—Steven Spielberg. This part may be dealt with as an extensive reading material. But if so, you can first carry out a survey among students to name as many Chinese film directors as they can and the films they directed, which may serve as the pre-reading activity. In the course of reading students should consciously compare the things they knew about him and things new to them about him, while teachers can provide them with a chart in which they give them some information about Steven Spielberg. At last carry out a discussion among students: Why is Steven Spielberg so special as a film director? At the end of the class teachers can summarize what they have learned in this module. If time permits, teachers may offer some exercises in relation to the knowledge of this module to have a consolidation.三维目标1. 知识与技能1)Important words or phrases: unusual, entertainment2)Difficult sentence:But it’s generally agreed, that he, more than anyone else in the history of the films, understands the meaning of the word “entertainment”.2. 过程与方法1)Encourage students to check what they have learned often.2)Explanations to make students master the language points in the passage.3)Skimming to get the general idea of the passage.4)Pair work or group work to finish the task.3. 情感与价值Through reading “Steven Spielberg—Film Director”, students will learn something about the famous director Steven Spielberg. His talent, his films, his hard work are all very important in his success.教学重点1. Learn the good qualities of Steven Spielberg.2. Know more about famous film directors.教学难点1. Learn something about his films.2. Deal with some difficult language points.教学过程→Step 1 Revision1. Greet students as usual.2. Check their homework assigned last period.→Step 2 Cultural Corner1. Pre-reading discussionAsk the students to discuss the following two topics.Topic 1 Name as many Chinese film directors as you can and the films they directed.Topic 2 Name as many foreign film directors as you can and the films they directed.Finish the first part of the form. (Things that you have known about Steven Spielberg. )Things known to you about himThings new to you about him2. ReadingRead the whole text and make notes.Name: __________ Sex: __________ Age: __________Job: __________ Nationality: __________Masterpieces: ______________________________Films he made at the following ages:13: __________, 16: __________ , 24: __________,28: __________, 36: __________Suggested answers:Name: Steven Spielberg Sex: Male Age: born in 1946Job: Film director Nationality: AmericanMasterpiece: Jaws; E. T. ; The Indiana Jones Trilogy; Jurassic Park; Schindler’s List;13: his first 15-minute home movie16: a 135-minute home movie called Firelight24: a 26-minute movie called Amblin28: Sugarland Express36: E. T. —the Extra Terrestrial3. ExplanationBut it’s generally agreed, that he, more than anyone else in the history of the film, understands the meaning of the word “entertainment”. 但是，绝大多数人认为，他比电影史上任何一个人更懂得“娱乐”二字的意义。

外研版高中英语必修二Module6FilmsandTVProgrammesGrammar课件

方式副词, 如: carefully, fast, angrily, warmly, suddenly, slowly, really, excitedly
频度副词, 如: almost, seldom, often, usually, sometimes, occasionally
程度副词：如: fairly, hardly, rather, too,very
B …characters leap through the air every now and then…
C Films like this rarely reach the big screen. D Wuxia films are popular in China. E Ang Lee had never directed a martial arts
Work in pairs. Look at the sentences below. What is the order of When? Where? How? Adverbs in these sentences?
1. The child plays happily in his bedroom every evening. how? (happily) where? (in his bedroom) when? (every evening)
4. 方式副词通常位于动词(和宾语)的后面。如: She does everything carefully. 她做什么事都很细心。
In the end he passed the exam successfully. 最后, 他成功地通过了考试。 He is always treating other people rudely. 他待人总是很粗鲁。

外研版高中英语必修二备课Module 6 Films and TV Programmes Revsion of Module 6学案

Teaching aims:1.Review the key expressions in the module.e the expressions properly and learn to express one opinions using thelanguage points.Teaching difficulty:Analyse the content and use the expressions and memorize the words and phraseI 单词拼写1 She is regarded as a successful ___________.(演员)2. It’s no use _______(争辩)with him.3. Great ________ (角色) can make great actors.4. In the film the two lovers must not _________(表达)in words.5. His __________(杰作)is famous in China.6. Zhang Ziyi _____(主演)in the film of Crouching Tiger, Hidden dragon.7. Our visits to the threat made the holiday more _______(有趣的).8. We should help our_______(邻居)when necessary.9. Learn to _______(放松)yourself when you study hard.10. His refusal was worded in such a _____(优雅)way that we could not be offended. II 句子翻译1. 你的书何时出版？______________________________________2. 在这儿见到你我很吃惊。

教案1：高中英语外研版必修2 ModuLe6 Films and TV Programmes

Module 6Films and TV Programmes——电影和电视节目核心词汇1．It was_____________(勇敢的>of you to speak in front of all those people.2．Her mother was a quiet woman with ______________(优雅的>manners.3．In the story，the main ______________(角色>has left his girlfriend at last.4．Many women earn less than their____________(男性的>colleagues. 5．The smaller animals can easily ____________(跳跃>from tree to tree.6. Mary Shelley was just 18 when she wrote the horror____________(杰作>Frankenstein.7．While watching TV，he is always changing____________(频道>．8．The boats were built in Scotland，and transported to Egypt in____________ (部分>．9．We are both very busy so we only see each other very ____________.He pays me____________visits in his spare time and we try to use the____________to express our love.(occasional>10. There’s not much in the way of ____________ in this town and children have to ____________themselves with TV plays. Luckily ，children’s TV nowadays is much more ____________than it used to be.(entertaining>1.brave2.graceful3.character4.male5.leap6.masterpiece7.channels8.sectio ns9.occasionally；occasional；occasion10.entertainment；entertain；entertaining高频短语1．_________________出版；出现2．________________ 让某人感到吃惊的是3．________________ 爱上；喜欢4．________________ 发生，产生；进行5．________________ 远到；直到6．________________ 有时；不时；偶尔7．________________ 吃惊地8．________________ 关心；在乎；计较9．________________ 在……中发挥作用/扮演角色10．________________ 时常；不时，偶尔11．________________ 在……岁时e out2.to one’s surprise3.fall/be in love with4.take place5.as/so far as6.every now and then/again,7.in surprise8.care about9.play a part10.from time to time11.at the age of重点句式1．____________in the old wuxia stories，characters leap through the air ________________，with beautiful，graceful movements，____________ audiences shout_______________.正如在古代武侠故事中一样，影片中的人物们不时在空中跳跃并做出许多优美的动作，观众看到这些时都发出了惊叫。

外研版高中英语必修二备课Module6FilmsandTVProgrammes教案6

外研版⾼中英语必修⼆备课Module6FilmsandTVProgrammes教案6Module Six Films and TV ProgrammesPart One Teaching Design第⼀部分教学设计Teaching Aims and requirements●To develop the student’s reading ability●To listen and speak using the vocabulary and everyday English in this unit●To learn and use grammars in different situation●To write a film page for a magazineTeaching proceduresPeriod 1: Introduction and ReadingStep 1: Warming up1. Warming up by a gameHello, everyone, do you like watching films? Now let’s play a game, you should work with your desk mate, and think of a film but don’t say its name, let your desk mate guess which film it is. The following questions may help you:1) Is it a romantic film/martial art film?2) Is it a Chinese film?3) Does Andy Liu star in it?4) Is it a film about modern society?5) Is it directed by Zhang Yimou?2. Warming up by discussionHello, boys and girls, today we will talk about films and TV programmes, let’s have a discussion according to the following questions:1)What’s your favourite film or TV programme?2)Who’s your favourite movie star?3)Can you name a female character in your favourite film?4)What’s the name of the actress who plays this role?5)Can you name a film that you think is a masterpiece? say why.6)Think of your favourite film scene. Can you name an actor or actress who is in this scene?3. Warming up by a gameBoys and girls, let’s play a game, please look at the screen, I will show you some film scenes, you can guess which type the film is according to them, the following words may help you:romantic film, thriller, martial arts film, comedy, adventure film. Step 2: Pre-reading1. Enjoying the film sceneBoys and girls, do you know which Chinese film won the best foreign film of Oscar? Yes, It’s 〝Crouching Tiger, HiddenDragon〞, now let’s enjoy some beautiful scenes of the film.2. Introduce some new wordsLook at the following new words and phrases from the text, and read them all together twice and pay attention to your pronunciation.Match the words above with the definitions below.1. happen _________2. the top part of a building that covers it _________3. causing strong feelings, especiallysad feelings. _________4. moving in a smooth and attractive way _________5. sometimes _________6. an extraordinarily good film, book,painting, etc. _________7. the man you have promised to marry _________8. jump into the air or a long distance _________(Keys:1 take place 2 roof 3 moving 4 graceful 5 every now and then 6 masterpiece7 fiancé8 leap)Step 3. Reading1. Leading-inWe all know the film〝Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon〞is a martial art film, which won the world fame. This lesson we are going to read a film review of it. Please look at the film poster first, tell me the name of each character.2. Fast reading for the general ideaPlease read the review fast then choose the main idea of the text.A It takes place on Peking rooftops and in the deserts of western China.B It is a martial arts film that tells the story of a stolen sword, and the fight to get it back.C It tells the story of two people who love each other.(Key: B)3. Listen to the tape of the text and try to find which of the following words appear in the story.Jackie Chan Jet Li Chow Yun-Fat wuxia sword knife fight actionevery now and then fiancégraceful leap masterpiece moving roof take place(Keys: Chow Yun-Fat wuxia sword fight Ang Lee desert Zhang Ziyi nineteenth-century)4. Detailed reading for informationRead the text carefully, say what you know about these things or characters.1) Ang Lee 2) wuxia stories 3)Yu Xiulian and Li Mubai’s relationship4) Xiu lian’s sword 5) Zhang ZiYi 6) Chow Yun-FatStep 4. Reading PracticeRead the following passage within 5 minutes and make a better choice to each problem.They were just an ordinary pair of jeans bought in a second-hand shop. But when four girls discover that the jeans look good on all of them, despite their different figures and heights, they realize“these are magical trousers”!The four girls－Carmen, Tibby, Lena and Bridget－have been best friends all their lives. They live in the same small American town and usually spend every moment of their long summer holidays together.This year they all turn 16. It is the first time they have had separate plans for the summer, but the girls are determined to keep in touch. They hit upon a wonderful plan of sharing the jeans throughout the holiday by sending them on to the next friend when they feel the time is right.When they meet up at the end of the summer, they will record their favorite adventures on the trouser legs.Based on American writer Ann Brashares’ best-selling novel, The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants tells the story of the girls’summer trips. It will be released on June 1 in the United States.Beautiful Kena is going to Greece to be with her grandparents; strong, athletic Bridget is off to a football camp in Mexico; hot-tempered Carmen plans to have her divorced(离婚的) father all to herself in South Carolina; Tibby, the rebel will be left at home to work hard for little money.Over the summer the jeans come to represent friendship and growing up. Lena finds ways to communicate with her grandpa, which she once thought was boring; Bridget falls in love with an older camp coach; Carmen finds out her father is engaged to a woman with two children; Tibby makes friends with a 12-year-old who is dying of cancer.Even though the four girls miss each other, being apart takes each of them on their own adventures of love, courage and forgiveness. They grow and begin to understand the world and themselves.1.Why do the four girls realize “these are magical trousers”?A.The jeans are just an ordinary pair of pants.B.The jeans were bought in a second-hand shop.C.They find the jeans were made out of special material.D.Any one of them looks smart when they put on the jeans.2.Which of the following statements about the four girls is NOT true accordingto the passage?A.They are of the same age.B.They have been best friend all their lives.C.They live in the same small American town.D.They always spend their long summer holidays together.3.The reason why the four girls make a plan of sharing the jeans throughout the holiday is that_____.A.they want to record their favorite adventuresB.they want to keep in touch in their summer holidaysC.the activity was arranged by their teachers and parentsD.if they don’t do so they will not meet up at the end of the summer4.The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants mentioned in the passage is probably______.A. a wonderful magazineB. a best-selling novelC. a cinema filmD. a football camp5.During the summer vacation what happens to the four girls?A.Strong, athletic Bridget manages to have her divorced father all to herself.B.Tibby, the rebel, makes friends with a 12-year-old patient.C.Beautiful Lena falls in love with an older camp coach..D.Hot-tempered Carmen finds ways to communicate with her grandpa.(Keys:1D 2D 3B 4C 5B)Step 5. Home work1.Try to introduce the film 〝Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon〞to your friends.2. Finish Ex4 on page53.3. Learn the new words again using the dictionary if necessary.。

外研版高中英语必修2 Module 6《Films and TV Programmes》Sectio

双基限时练（十八）Module 6 Section ⅢⅠ、短语填空come out, fall in love with, to one's surprise， play a part in, care about，tell of， in words， every now and then, take place， be set in1。

Before the film Avatar2 ________________， it already had a big reputation、答案came out2。

The story ________________ the Chinese region of Qin in the third century BC、答案was set in3.Romantic films are about two people who ________________ each other、答案fall in love with4.The story ________________ in the deserts of Western China、答案took place5。

He was invited to ________________ this TV play、答案play a part in6。

________________, such a little boy knows so much about history、答案To my surprise7.I am so thankful to him that I can’t express myself________________、答案in words8.He doesn't ________ much ________ what he wears、答案care； about9。

The film ________________ a love story with a happy ending、答案tells of10。

高中英语Module6 Films and TV Programmes 外研版必修2

Module 6 Films and TV ProgrammesTeaching Aims:1. Knowledge and SkillTo arouse Ss’ interest in learning about films and TV programmes．To train students’ listening ability for catching specific information. To help Ss learn how to talk about films and the characters in them．To enable Ss to know about the kinds of adverbs，especially adverbs of frequency and place．To let Ss learn how to write a film page for a magazine，giving a brief description of each film．2.Emotion and ValuesTo cultivate their ability of appreciating the film or TV programmes selectively.To improve the students’ability of gaining the information they need from the film or TV programmes.3. Cross-cultural awareness:To form a general idea of the main characteristic and different styles in films & TV between China and some western countries.4. Character-building:To help them know more things about films and TV programs and improve their ability of appreciating the film or TV programmes selectively.To let them know the importance of cooperating with others in a group. Difficulties and Importance:a. The usage of adverbs of frequency and placeb. Fast-reading abilitiesc. The listening ability for catching specific information.Teaching Method:Communicative Approach; Situational Approach; Task-based methodology Teaching Time:Five periods:Period 1 Introduction: vocabulary and speaking+Speaking+Everyday EnglishPeriod 2 Vocabulary and reading+writingPeriod 3 Grammar 1 Adverbs of frequency and placePeriod 4 Vocabulary and listeningPeriod 5 Culture Corner+Function Talking about how often you do thingsTeaching Procedures:Period 1Step 1. Warming upLook at the film poster and answer the followingquestions.Q1. What’s the film called?Q2. Who directs it?Q3. Who stars in it? Picture 1 Q4. When did it come out?Q5. Who are the major characters?Q6. Who plays Harry Potter?Q7. Who plays Hermione?Q8. Who is Ron played by?Q9. Is Daniel Radcliffe a film star?Suggested answers:1. Harry Porter and the Sorcerer’s Stone．2. Chris Columbus．3. Daniel Radcliffe，Emma Watson，and Rupert Grant．4. It came out in 2001．5. Harry Porter，Hermione Granger，and Ron Wesley．6. Daniel Radcliffe plays Harry Potter．7. Emma Watson plays Hermione．8. Ron is played by Rupert Grant．9.Yes，he is．Q1. What’s the film called?Q2. Who directs it?Q3. Who stars in it? Picture 2 Q4. When did it come out?Suggested answers:The Promise.Chen kaigeZhang Bozhi, Xie Tingfeng, Chen Hong2005.Step 2. Group work.Divide the students into several groups. Let them match the types of films in box A with one of the words in box B and give their specific reasons for matching them.A. romantic film thriller martical arts film comedy adventure filmB. gun amusing be/fall in love crime exciting fight swordRomantic film thriller adventure film martical arts film comedyQ1. Have you ever seen some of these films?Q2. What kind of film do they belong to?Q3. What’s your favourite film?Q4. Who’s your favourite movie star?Q5. Can you name a female character in your favourite film?Q6. What is the name of the actress who plays this role?Q7. Can you name a film that you think is a masterpiece? Say why.Q8. Think of your favourite film scene. Can you name an actor or actresswho is in this scene?Step 4 Everyday EnglishComplete the sentences using the following expressions.I only watch ______on Sundays.He finished it in ________.A: _________TV this evening?B: There’s a really good drama.A: I won!B: ___________!There’s something I need to tell you, sir. ________, I haven’t done my homework.A: Do you enjoy watching movies?B: __________!Suggested answers:1. the box2. a short space of time3. What’s on4. Good for you5. The thing is6. AbsolutelyHomework:Review the words we have learned in this lesson.Preview the passage Film Review: Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon.Period 2Step 1 Pre-listeningLook at the film poster and answer the following questions.Q1. What’s the film called?Q2. Who directs it?Q3. Who stars in it?Q4. When did it come out?Suggested answers:Crouching Tiger, Hidden DragonAng LeeChow Yun—Fat, Zhang ziyi and Michelle YeohIn 2001.Step 2 While-listeningSkimmingRead the passage quickly and choose the best summary of the film.It takes place on Peking rooftops and in the deserts of western China. It is a martial arts film that tells the story of a stolen sword, and the fight to get it back.It tells the story of two people who love each other.Suggested answers: BScanningDecide if these sentences are true (T) or false (F):1. Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon is a masterpiece of martial arts films.2. Now wuxia films are well received only in China.3. The story is mainly about how Li Mubai and Yu Xiulian tried to get backa stolen sword.4. Chow Yun-Fat played wonderfully in the film and the part Li Mubai interests the audience most.5. Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon is really an excellent film. Suggested answers:1. T2. F3. T4. F5. TDetailed readingRead the passage carefully, answer the following questions.1.When and where does the story take place?2.Who are the main characters in the film?3.Why does Mubai feel that he can’t marry Xiulian?4.What’s the comment (评论) on Zhang Ziyi in the film review?5.Why are Chow’s romantic scenes with Xiulian moving?Suggested answers:The story took place in the early 1800s in China.Li mubai, Yu xiulian and Yu jiaolong.Because Xiulian’s fiance who has died was Mubai’s good friend.a young woman who is not as good as she seems.Because their eyes show all the love that they must not express in words. Step 3 Post-readingMatch the general idea of each paragraph.Para 1. A. Introduce the plot of the film.Para 2. B. Arouse the readers’ interest t o go and see the film.Para 3. C. The film is the type of wuxia.Para 4. D. The film is a masterpiece.Para 5. E. The features of the main characters. Suggested answers:Para 1. DPara 2. CPara 3. APara 4. BPara 5. EFinish the following table with proper words.To everyone’s surprise，Ang Lee has made a martial arts film．令大家惊讶的是，李安现在拍了一部功夫片。

高中英语外研版高中英语必修二：Module 6 Films and TV Programmes 模块语法课件

三、时间副词 1．常见的时间副词有： now，then，soon，ago，recently，lately，later，finally， before，early，today，tomorrow，yesterday，tonight，suddenly， immediately，already，just等。表示时间的副词短语at once， since then，till now等。
提示(2) 在描述动作的句子中，为了描述生动，增强修饰效果，常将副词out， in，down，up，away，off，here，there，now，then，next等置于句首，从而引起完全倒装。 In came the teacher. 老师进来了。 There goes the bell. 响铃了。
பைடு நூலகம்
二、地点副词 1．常见的地点副词有： (1)表示地点的：here，there，home，upstairs，downstairs， anywhere，everywhere，nowhere，somewhere，abroad，elsewhere等。 (2)表示位置关系的：above，below，down，up，out，in，across， back，along，over，round，around，away，near，off，on，inside， outside，past等。
【提示】 (1) 当表示否定的副词，如seldom，never，rarely置于句首时，句子倒装。 Never in all my life have I heard such nonsense! 我这辈子从没听过这种废话！
提示(2) always与进行时态连用，表示赞赏、厌烦等感情。 I'm always misplacing my glasses. 我老是将眼镜乱放。

外研版高中英语必修2 Module 6《Films and TV Programmes》Introduction

• 2)fall in love with... 爱上……(不可延续，不可与一段时间连用) • I fell in love with her at the first sight. • 我对她一见钟情。 • 注意：be in love with 与……相爱(表状态，可与一段时间连用) • ①They have been in love with each other for five years. • 他们相爱已经有五年了。 • ②Mary is in love with Tom. • 玛丽在与汤姆谈恋爱。
• 知识拓展 • fall back 后退；退却 • fall back on 借助于；依靠 • fall behind 落后；落在……的后面 • fall in with 同意；赞成；符合；与……交往 • fall to 开始；着手
• 即学即用 • ① (2009· 济南统考 )He was very rude to the Customs officer, ________of course made things even worse. • A．who B．whom • C．what D．which • 答案：D • ②It is wonderful to have a friend like him to____. • A．fall back on B．fall into • C．fall to D．fall out • 答案：A
词汇
功能
Talking about how often you do things
1.频度副词与地点副词
语法 2.副词及副词短语作状语时在句中的位置
• 1．direct v. & adj. • 1)v. 指示方向；指路；指导；指挥；管理；支配；命令(to)；书写地址(do)。 • ① It is universally accepted that one's thinking directs one's actions. • 思想指导行动，这是普遍公认的。 • ②The office directed his men to advance slowly. • 那个军官命令部下缓慢前进。

外研版高中英语必修二备课Module 6 Films and TV Programmes教案2

Module 6 Films and TV ProgrammesGrammar---教案I. 教学内容及目标要求学生能够识别出时间状语（表频度）和地点状语，并了解这类状语在句子中的位置；了解通常情况下时间、地点和方式状语在同一个句子中的位置关系。

II. 教学过程设计Part 1. Grammar 1Step 1. look at the underlined words in these sentences .Ask them to tell the types of the adverbs. Read through the following sentences with the class.1. The children went out of the public library happily.2. He promised that he would come here before five o’clock.3. They haven’t yet finished the experiment.4. I make telephone calls to my parents twice a week.5. Luckily all of them passed the driving test .6. The girl did fairly well in the speech contest.7. Why was he late for the meeting ?8. Do you remember the day when your brother joined the army?Answers: 1. 方式副词2. 地点副词３．时间副词４．频度副词５．句子副词６．程度副词７．疑问副词８．关系副词Step 2. Finish Activity 2,decide which words and phrases tell us how often something happens and which phrases tell us where something happens.Answers :Part 2: Grammar 2. Adverbs and adverbial phrasesStep 1. Tell the students some rules of adverbs’ order in the sentences.Give the students some example sentences and have them understand the location of adverbs.1.I hardly ever heard him singing .2.You must always keep this in mind .3.He was born in Beijing in the year 1980.4.He doesn’t quite agree with you .5.She does everything carefully.Step 2. Do the exercises in Activity 3.Put the words in the sentences below in the correct order.Answers :1.I spent a lot of money at the supermarket yesterday.2.The man walked quickly down the street .3.You played well yesterday.4.The students have worked hard today.5.Think carefully before you talk to her.6.The boys were talking loudly in the corridor yesterday.7.They drove to the airport early in the morning.Step3. Homework : Additional exercises referring to Grammar in the module.。

高中英语新课标外研版必修2教案(Module 6 Films and TV Programmes the 3rd Period)

Period 3Grammar 2; Function; Everyday English整体设计教材分析This period contains three parts, that is, Grammar 2, Function and Everyday English. Grammar 2 deals with adverbs and adverbial phrases. Through the study of this part, students should learn to use them. To deepen their understanding of this grammar, some exercises may be offered. Function & Everyday English aims to help students use the grammar items and the expressions learnt in this module. Teachers may first give students some examples and then make them have a conversation with their partners using the expressions they have learned.三维目标1. 知识与技能1>Make students learn about adverbs and adverbial phrases.2>Make sure students know how to use some expressions to describe frequency.2. 过程与方法1>Motivate students’ enthusiasm in taking part in the class.2>Individual work and pair work to make individuals finish the tasks.3. 情感与价值Through learning this period, students should know how to use theadverbs and adverbial phrases, learn some words and expressions about TV and radio programmes and learn some everyday English in conversations.教学重点1. Learn adverbs and adverbial phrases.2. Learn some words and expressions about TV and radio programmes.3. Talk about TV programmes.教学难点1. Use the adverbs and adverbial phrases properly.2. Get the meanings of the words through definitions.3. How to talk about TV programmes.教学过程→Step 1 Revision1. Greet the whole class as usual.2. Check up their homework.→Step 2 Grammar 2: Adverbs and adverbial phrases1. Read the sentences and answer the questions.Show the following on the screen. Make sure they understand everything and then let the students answer the questions individually.A We always watch telly in the morning as we eat our breakfast in the kitchen.B I watch films all the time at the weekend.C I saw a brilliant one yesterday.D Everyone in it acts so brilliantly.Questions:1 Is brilliant an adjective (describing a noun>or an adverb (telling you about a verb>?2 How do you make adverbs from adjectives? Can you make an adverb from the word quick?3 Can you find words and phrases that answers these questions: When? Where? How?Suggested answers:1 adjective describing “one” (pronoun for “film”>2 You frequently add -ly to the end of the adjective, e. g. quickly.3 When? : as we eat our breakfast; in the morning; all the time; at the weekend; yesterdayWhere? : in the kitchenHow? : brilliantly2. Do Activity 2 in the textbook on page 56.Suggested answers:1 how? (happily>where? (in his bedroom>when? (every evening>2 how? (carefully>when? (yesterday>3 how? (quietly>where? (at the bus stop>when? (each day>3. Tell students some rules of adverbs’order in the sentences.Give students some example sentences and have them understand the location of adverbs.1>I hardly ever heard him singing.2>You must always keep this in mind.3>He was born in Beijing in the year 1980.4>He doesn’t quite agree with you.5>She does everything carefully.Through analyzing sentences, the students can review the proper position of the adverbs in the sentences and can do better when making sentences.4. Do the exercises in activity 3. Put the words in the sentences below in the correct order.Let students answer the questions individually and collect the answers in class.Suggested answers:1>I spent a lot of money at the supermarket yesterday.2>The man walked quickly down the street.3>You played well yesterday.4>The students have worked hard today.5>Think carefully before you talk to her.6>The boys were talking loudly in the corridor yesterday.7>They drove to the airport early in the morning.→Step 3 Function: Talking about how often you do things1. BrainstormingAsk students to speak out the most TV or radio programmes they’ve ever know.The Easter Times Economics 30 Minutes English News Service TV Theatre CCTV News Animal World Across the Country Music Hot Line Foreign Light MusicTV & Film Songs Sound of Music2. Activity 1: Match the types of TV and radio programmes with the definitions.Show the following on the screen.chat show comedy programme quiz show soap (opera> sports programme the news TV/radio dramaA a programme in which famous people talk about themselves and their workB a programme in which people have to answer questions correctlyC a programme that tells you about recent eventsD an interesting and exciting story with actors playing different parts, written for TV or radioE a programme about the ordinary lives of the same group of peoplethat is shown once or twice a weekSuggested answers:A chat showB quiz showC the newsD TV/radio showE soap opera3. Activity 2: Use the adverbs and adverbial phrases to say how often you can watch the different types of programmes in activity 1. Please pay attention to the correct position of adverbs.The adverbs and adverbial phrases of frequency:seldom rarely occasionally every now and then often sometimes once a week every day(four>times a week from time to time every two days twice a monthSuggested examples:I rarely watch soap operas.I watch the news about four times a week.I see films once a month.. . .→Step 4 Everyday EnglishComplete the sentences using these expressions.Read through the expressions in the box while the students listen and follow.Read them again and have students repeat them after teachers chorally and individually.Check the stress in absolutely.Ask them to complete the sentences individually, then check their answers with a partner.Collect the answers from the whole class as complete sentences.a short space of time absolutely good for you the box the thing is what’s on1 I only watch _________ on Sundays.2 He finished it in _________.3 A: _________ TV this evening?B: There’s a really good drama.4 A: I won!B: _________!5 There’s something I need to tell you, sir. _________ , I haven’t done my homework.6 A: Do you enjoy watching movies?B: _________!Suggested answers:1 the box2 a short space of time3 What’s on4 Good for you5 The thing is6 Absolutely→Step 5 Summary and HomeworkTeachers summarie what has been learned in this period. This period students mainly learned the adverbs and adverbial phrases. Through the study of this period, they are sure to gain the gist of this grammar.Besides, they have learned more about TV and radio programmes and practice use the grammar items learned in this module. At the end of this period, some homework is assigned.Homework: 1. Memorize the new words.2. Do exercise on the workbook.板书设计Module 6Films and TV ProgrammesPeriod 3The adverbs and adverbial phrases of frequency: seldom rarely occasionally every now and then oftensometimes once a week every day(four>times a week from time to timeevery two days twice a month活动与探究When learn the second language, it is also important to compare the second language to the mother language.备课资料About the Word Order1. 了解语序的重要性任何一种语言的句子成分都是按照该语言的使用习惯去排列的，否则就会造成语意或语法错误，或至少不地道。