[教材]生物化学专业英语单词

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(完整版)生物学专业英语词汇

Botany植物学Cell theory细胞学说cell membrane细胞膜nucleus 细胞核Organelle 细胞器cell wall细胞壁cytoplasm细胞质protoplast原生质体cell cycle细胞周期mitochondrion 线粒体photosynthesis光合作用unit membrane 单位膜chloroplast 叶绿体chlorophyll叶绿素xanthophyll叶黄素carotene胡萝卜素golgiosome高尔基体ribosome 核糖体lysosome溶酶体microfilament微丝nuclear fission核分裂reproduction繁殖primary wall初生壁secondary wall次生壁plasmodesma胞间连丝mitosis有丝分裂amitosis无丝分裂meiosis减数分裂cytokinesis胞质分裂interphase间期prophase前期metaphase中期anaphase后期telophase末期tissue组织pistil 雌蕊stamen雄蕊ovary子房pollination传粉pollen tube花粉管porogamy珠孔受精chalazogamy合点受精mesogamy中部受精apomixis无融合生殖apogamy无配子生殖patrogenesis孤雄生殖parthenogensis 孤雌生殖apospory无孢子生殖pericarp果皮life history生活史root system根系main root主根lateral root侧根taproot system直根系fibrous root system须根系cortex皮层vascular cylinder 维管柱pericycle中柱鞘xylem ray 木射线vascular ray 维管射线phloem ray韧皮射线root cap根冠Casparian strip凯氏带primary xylem初生木质部primary phloem初生韧皮部vascular ray 维管射线xylem ray 木射线phelloderm栓内层phloem ray韧皮射线embryo胚homologous organ同源器官analogous organ同功器官endosperm胚乳seed coat种皮radicle胚根plumule胚芽hypocotyl下胚轴cotyledon子叶dormancy休眠seed germination种子萌发eukaryote真核生物prokaryote原核生物algae藻类blue-green algae蓝藻trichogyne受精丝mucopolysaccharide黏多糖gelatinous sheath 胶质鞘exospore外生孢子heterosexual cell异性细胞green algae绿藻isogamy同配生殖anisogamy 异配生殖anisogamy 卵式生殖zygogamy 接合生殖haploid单倍体diploid二倍体polyploid多倍体carposporophyte孢子体brown algae褐藻sea-tangle海带agar琼脂fungi菌类parasitism寄生saprophytic腐生的lichen地衣archegonium颈卵器antheridium精子器antiphyte孢子体gametophyte配子体protonema原丝体bryophyta 苔藓植物cruciferae十字花科vascular plants微管植物aquatic plant水生植物salicaceae杨柳科angiosperm被子植物endoplasmic reticulum内质网vegetative reproduction营养繁殖intercellular layer胞间层phellogen& cork cambium木栓形成层asexual reproduction无性繁殖sexual propagation有性繁殖tetradynamous stamen四强雄蕊didynamous stamen二强雄蕊monodelphous stamen单体雄蕊diadelphous stamen二体雄蕊triadelphous stamen三体雄蕊polyadelphous stamens多体雄蕊synantherous stamen聚药雄蕊primary wall cells初生壁细胞vegetative cell营养细胞male sterility雄性不育filiform apparatus丝状器meristem zone 分生区elongation zone伸长区maturation zone成熟区embryophyte有胚植物specific parasitism专性寄生specific saprophyte专性腐生facultative parasitism兼性寄生facultative saprophyte兼性腐生sexual generation有性世代asexual generation无性世代Zoology动物学cell细胞prokaryotic cell原核细胞eukaryotic cell真核细胞protein蛋白质nucleic acid核酸carbohydrate糖lipid脂质protoplasm原生质inclusion内含物cell cycle细胞周期pulmonary alveolus肺泡flagellum鞭毛food vacuole食物泡pinocytosis胞饮作用fission裂体生殖microgamete小配子zygote合子microtubule微管contraction silk 收缩丝merogenesis 卵裂blastocoele 囊胚腔complete cleavage完全卵裂layering分层cynapse突触myoneme肌丝myocyte肌细胞mesoglea中胶层monoecism雌雄同体dioecism雌雄异体velum缘膜radial symmetry辐射对称nerve net神经网planula 浮浪幼虫bilateral symmetry两侧对称mesoderm中胚层tubule cell 管细胞osmoregulation渗透调节acetabulum 腹吸盘oral sucker口吸盘metacercaria囊蚴pseudocoel假体腔cuticle角质膜cloacal pore泄殖孔renette腺肾细emunctory排泄管resting egg休眠卵metamere体节metamerism分节现象sense organ 感觉器periostracum壳皮层prismatic layer壳层nacreous layer珍珠层veliger 面盘幼虫glochidium 钩介幼虫adductor闭壳肌segmentation异律分节linear animal线形动物pericardial cavity围心腔cervical vertebra颈椎sacral vertebra荐椎pulmonary vein肺静脉precaval vein 前腔静脉bladder气囊middle ear中耳tympanum cavity中耳腔amnion羊膜neopallium新皮层lagena 瓶状囊wishbone叉骨postcaval vein后腔静脉glandular stomach腺胃air sac气囊salt gland盐腺sclerotic ring 巩膜骨viviparity胎生placenta胎盘allantois尿囊rumen瘤胃bursa of fabricius 腔上囊masticatory stomach肌胃reticulum网胃omasum瓣胃abomasum皱胃cochlea耳蜗earthworm蚯蚓internal naris内鼻孔amniota羊膜动物arthropod节肢动物coelenterate腔肠动物annelid环节动物cell membrane&plasma membrane细胞膜epithelial tissue上皮组织connective tissue结缔组织cartilage tissue软骨组织osseous tissue骨组织muscular tissue肌肉组织cardiac muscle心肌intercalated disc闰盘Nissl's body尼氏小体colony &group群体meroblastic cleavage不完全卵裂colonial theory 群体说gastrovascular cavity消化循环腔muscle system肌肉体系excretory system排泄系统reproductive system生殖系统digestive system消化系统archinephric duct原肾管basal lamina & basal membrane基膜cross-fertilization异体受精self-fertilization自体受精final host终寄主first intermidate host第一中间寄主semicircular canal半规管second intermediate host第二中间寄主Genetics遗传学heredity 遗传variation 变异gene 基因pisum sativum 豌豆segregation 分离gamete 生殖细胞zygote 合子allele 等位基因genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型test cross 测交oryza sativa 水稻diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体centromere 着丝粒satellite 随体linker 连丝mitosis 有丝分裂mesoblast中胚层spindle 纺锤体interphase 间期spindle fiber 纺锤丝vicia faba蚕豆nucleoplasm 核质spermatogenous 精原细胞oogonium 卵原细胞spermatid 精细胞Phenocopy 拟表型epistasis上位效应mutant突变型gametic lethal配子致死zygotic lethal合子致死autosome 常染色体dominant lethal显性致死carrier 携带者homozygote 纯合体heterozygote 杂合体genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型linkage group 连锁群interference 干涉coincidence 并发率genetic map 遗传学图wild type野生型mutation 突变heterokaryon 异核体auxotroph 营养缺陷型strain 菌株recipient 受体donor 供体fragment 片段induction 诱导prophage 原噬菌体transduction 转导Mendel’s laws 孟德尔定律law of segregation 分离定律first filial generation 子一代parental generation 亲代dominant character 显性性状recessive character 隐性性状hereditary determinant 遗传因子parental combination 亲组合recombination 重组合punnett square 棋盘法Mendelian character 孟德尔性状primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕nucleolar organizer 核仁形成区first polar body 第一极体second polar body 第二极体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体female gametic nucleus 卵核multiple alleles 复等位基因sex-chromosome性染色体sex-linked inheritance 伴性遗传primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕complementary gene互补基因homologous chromosome 同源染色体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体secondary oocyte 次级卵母细胞three-point testcross 三点测交primary spermatocyte 初级精母细胞secondary spermatocyte 次级精母细胞first division segregation 第一次分裂分离second division segregation 第二次分裂分离law of independent assortment 自由组合定律Biochemistry 生物化学essential element必需元素trace elements微量元素proteoglycan蛋白聚糖amino acid氨基酸primary structure 一级结构random coil无规卷曲structural domain 结构域subunit亚基degeneration变性adenine腺嘌呤guanine鸟嘌呤cytosine胞嘧啶thymine胸腺嘧啶uracil尿嘧啶nucleoside 核苷nucleotide核苷酸base pairing碱基配对base pair碱基对数base碱基数gyrase旋转酶nucleosome核小体complementary DNA互补DNA plasmid质粒transposons转座子repetitive sequence重复序列exon外显子intron内含子variable loop可变环ribonuclease核糖核酸酶renaturation复性hyperchromic effect增色效应base stacking force碱基堆积力annealing退火melting-out temperature熔解温度hypochromic effect减色效应maltose麦芽糖sucrose蔗糖lactose乳糖starch淀粉glycogen糖原cellulose纤维素cellulase纤维素酶selectivity选择性substrate底物holoenzyme全酶cofactor辅因子coenzyme辅酶oxidase氧化酶metabolism新陈代谢assimilation同化作用catabolism异化作用metabolite代谢产物biological oxidation 生物氧化cytochrome细胞色素rotenone鱼藤酮amytal阿密妥antimycin A抗霉素A cyanide氰化物glycolysis糖酵解ethanol乙醇citrate柠檬酸cis-aconitate 顺乌头酸succinic acid琥珀酸oxaloacetic acid草酰乙酸acetyl-coenzyme乙酰辅酶fumarate延胡索酸glyoxylate cycle 乙醛酸循环malate苹果酸fatty acid 脂肪酸carbon unit一碳单位replicon复制子core enzyme 核心酶primosome引发体Okazaki fragment冈崎片段leading chain 前导链lagging strand后随链terminator终止子telomere端粒telomerase端粒酶replication fork复制叉vector载体promoter启动子terminator终止子operon操纵子codon密码子degeneracy简并性hormone激素citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环deamination脱氨基作用urea cycle尿素循环euchromatin常染色质messenger RNA信使RNAtransfer RNA转移RNA ribosome RNA核糖体RNA metabolic regulation代谢调节feedback regulation反馈调节structural gene结构基因promoter gene启动基因operator gene操纵基因regulator gene调节基因termination factor终止因子triplet code三联体密码initiator codon起始密码termination codon终止密码semiconservative replication半保留复制ornithine cycle鸟氨酸循环ketogenic amino acid生酮氨基酸glucogenic amino acid生糖氨基酸oxidative deamination氧化脱氨作用transamination转氨基作用reverse transcription逆转录decarboxylation脱羧作用semidiscontinuous replication半不连续复制reverse transcriptase 逆转录酶missense mutation错义突变synonymous mutation同义突变neutral mutation中性突变nonsense mutation无义突变phosphatidic acid 磷脂酸essential amino acids 必需氨基酸dihydrouracil loop二氢尿嘧啶环anticodon loop反密码子环double-strand circular DNA 双链环形DNA superhelical DNA 超螺旋DNA open circular DNA 开环DNA linear DNA 线形DNAbase stacking force 碱基堆积力secondary structure二级结构super-secondary structure超二级结构tertiary structure三级结构quaternary structure四级结构negative supercoil DNA负超螺旋DNA positive supercoil DNA正超螺旋DNAGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate甘油醛-3-二磷酸glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸restriction endonuclease限制性内切酶polymerase chain reaction聚合酶链反应Microbiology微生物学living creatures 生物culture medium 培养基lawn菌苔culture plate 培养平板bacteria 细菌archaea 古生菌eukaryote真核生物prokaryote 原核生物protozoan 原生动物hypha 菌丝mycoplasma 支原体yeast 酵母菌plasmolysis 质壁分离Escherichia Coli大肠杆菌murein胞壁质peptidoglycan 肽聚糖mucopeptide黏肽outer membrane外膜chromosome染色体nucleolus 核仁nucleoid 拟核chromatin 染色质centromere 着丝粒telomere 端粒protoplast 原生质体mycoplasma 支原体glycoprotein 糖蛋白mesosome 间体cytoplasm细胞质megnetosome磁小体nucleoid拟核glycocalyx 糖被capsule 荚膜flagellum 鞭毛lysosome 溶酶体chloroplast 叶绿体thylakoid类囊体inorganic salt 无机盐peptone 蛋白胨sulfur bacteria 硫细菌beef extract牛肉膏vitamin 维生素inclusion body 内含物lithotroph 无机营养型medium 培养基agar 琼脂organotroph 有机营养型antiport 逆向运输active transport 主动运输pinocytosis 胞饮作用catabolism 分解代谢passive transport 被动运输uniport 单向运输anabolism 合成代谢fermentation发酵batch culture 分批培养log phase 对数生长期stationary phase 稳定生长期lag phase 迟缓期decline phase衰亡期aerobe 好氧菌antibiotic 抗生素antigenome 反基因组transformation 转化genome 基因组plasmid 质粒transforming factor 转化因子diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体transposable element 转座因子conjugation接合作用transposon转座子phenotype 表型genotype基因型auxotroph营养缺陷型wild-type野生型transition 转换transversion 颠换spontaneous mutation 自发突变reverse mutation 回复突变sexduction 性导transduction 转导promoter 启动子operon 操纵子recombination repair 重组修复repressor 阻遏蛋白corepressor辅阻遏物clone 克隆denaturation 变性annealing 退火extension 延伸cloning vector 克隆载体replicon 复制子telomere 端粒cohesive end 黏性末端promoter 启动子terminator 终止子gene therapy 基因治疗phylogeny 系统发育ammonification 氨化作用nitrification 硝化作用denitrification 反硝化作用expression vector 表达载体aerobic respiration有氧呼吸anaerobic respiration无氧呼吸origin of replication 复制起始点incompatibility 不亲和性gene mutation 基因突变synonymous mutation 同义突变chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变missense mutation 错义突变frame-shift mutation 移码突变lactose operon 乳糖操纵子negative transcription control 负转录调控tryptophan operon 色氨酸操纵子cytoplasmic inheritance 细胞质遗传genetic engineering 基因工程recombinant DNA technology 重组DNA技术palindromic structure 回文结构spread plate method 涂布平板法pour plate method 倾注培养法streak plate method 平板划线法shake tube method 稀释摇管法continuous culture 连续培养。

生物化学专业词汇及英汉对照.

癌基因oncogene艾滋病acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome,AIDS 氨喋呤anminopterin carbamoyl phosphate synthetase Ⅰ, CPS-Ⅰ氨基甲酰磷酸合成酶Ⅰ氨基末端amino terminal氨基酸amino acid氨基酸接纳茎acceptor stem氨基酸序列amino acid sequenceδ-氨基-γ-酮戊酸δ—aminolevulinic acid,ALA氨基酰-tRNA合成酶aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase氨基酰位aminoacyl site氨基转移酶aminotransferase氨甲喋呤methotrexate, MTX氨肽酶,氨基肽酶aminopeptidase胺氧化酶amine oxidase巴士德Pastuer靶细胞target cell白化病albinism白三烯leukotrienes,LTs摆动性wobble斑点印迹bot blotting半保留复制semi-conservative replication半不连续复制semi-discontinuous replication 半胱氨酸cysteine半乳糖galactose, Gal伴侣素chaperonins包涵体inclusion body胞苷cytidine胞嘧啶cytosine,C胞质小RNA small cytoplasmic RNA,scRNA 保守性转座conservative transposition苯丙氨酸羟化酶phenylalanine hydroxylase 苯酮酸尿症phenyl ketonuria, PKU吡哆胺pyridoxamine吡哆醇pyridoxine吡哆醛pyridoxal必需氨基酸essential amino acid必需基团essential group必需激活剂essential activator编码链coding strand变构部位allosteric site变构调节allosteric regulation变构激活剂allosteric activator变构酶allosteric enzyme变构效应allosteric effect变构效应剂allosteric effector变构抑制剂allosteric inhibitor变性denaturation变性梯度胶电泳denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, DGGE 辨认位点recognition site标志补救marker rescue表达载体expression vector表构酶epimerase表观Km值apparent Km表面效应surface effect别嘌呤醇allopurinol丙氨酸-葡萄糖循环alanine-glucose cycle 丙酮acetone丙酮酸pyruvate丙酮酸激酶pyruvate kinase丙酮酸羧化酶pyruvate carboxylase病毒癌基因virus oncogene,v-onc卟啉症porphyria补救合成途径salvage pathway不对称转录asymmetric transcription不可逆性抑制作用irreversible inhibition 参入incorporation残基residue残粒remnant操纵序列operator操纵子operon侧翼区flanking region层析chromatography层粘连蛋白laminin,Ln插入insertion插入序列insertion sequences, IS长末端重复序列long terminal repeat, LTR长萜醇dolichol肠肝循环bilinogen enterohepatic circulation,enterohepatic circulation超螺旋结构superhelix, supercoil超敏位点hypersensitive site超速离心ultra-centrifuge超速离心法ultracentrifugation超氧物歧化酶superoxide dismutase, SOD沉降系数sedimentation coefficient,S成肽peptide bond formation初级胆汁酸primary bile acids初级转录产物primary transcripts储脂细胞lipocyte串联酶tandem enzyme锤头结构hammerbead structure醇脱氢酶alcohol dehydrogenase, ADH次黄核苷inosine,I次黄嘌呤inosine次黄嘌呤核苷酸inosine monphosphate, IMP次黄嘌呤核苷酸转移酶adenine phosphoribosyl transferase, APRT 次级胆汁酸secondary bile acids从头合成途径de novo synthesis促红细胞生成素erythropoietin,EPO催化基团catalytic group催化型受体catalytic receptor催化性DNA DNAzyme催化性RNA catalytic RNA催化性小RNA small catalytic RNA脆性X综合征fragile X syndrome脆性位点fragile site错配mismatch大沟major groove代谢库metabolic pool单胺氧化酶monoamine oxidase, MAO单纯酶simple enzyme单核苷酸多态性single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs单链DNA结合蛋白single stranded DNA binding protein, SSB单链构象多态性single strand conformation polymorphism, SSCP 单顺反子monocistron单体酶monomeric enzyme胆chole胆钙化醇cholecalciferol胆固醇cholesterol胆固醇7a-羟化酶cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase胆固醇流出调节蛋白cholesterol-efflux regulatory protein, CERP胆固醇酯酶cholesteryl esterase胆红素bilirubin胆红素脑病bilirubin encephalopathy胆碱choline胆碱酯酶choline esterase胆绿素biliverdin胆绿素还原酶biliverdin reductase胆囊胆汁gallbladder bile胆色素bile pigment胆色素原prophobilinogen,PBG胆素bilin胆素原bilinogen胆酸cholic acid胆盐bile salts胆汁bile胆汁酸bile acids弹性蛋白酶elastase蛋白二硫键异构酶protein disulfide isomerase,PDI 蛋白激酶C protein kinase C,PKC蛋白聚糖proteoglycan蛋白聚糖聚合物aggrecan蛋白磷酸酶protein phophatase蛋白酶protease蛋白酶体proteasome,proteosome蛋白质protein蛋白质表达protein expression蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用protein-protein interaction蛋白质的靶向输送protein targeting蛋白质的凝固作用protein coagulation蛋白质数据库protein databasesDNA-蛋白质相互作用DNA-protein interaction蛋白质芯片protein chip蛋白质印迹技术Western blotting蛋白质转换protein turnover蛋白质组proteome蛋白质组学Proteomics氮平衡nitrogen balance倒位酶invertase等电点isoelectric point,pI等位基因特异寡核苷酸allele-specific ologonucleotide,ASO 低血糖diabetes mellitus低血糖症hypoglycemia底物substrate底物水平磷酸化substrate-level phosphorylation底物循环substrate cycle地心引力gravity第二信使secondary messenger点突变point mutation电穿孔electroporation电喷雾质谱electrospray ionization mass spectrometry,ESI-MS电泳electrophoresis电子传递链electron transfer chain淀粉starchα-淀粉酶α-amylase凋亡apoptosis调节部位regulatory site调节酶regulatory enzymes调节子regulon定位候选基因克隆策略positional candidate gene approaches 定位克隆positional cloning定向排列orientation arrange杜氏肌营养不良症duchenne muscular dystrophy,DMD端粒telomere端粒酶RNA human telomerase RNA,hTR端粒酶逆转录酶human telomerase reverse transcriptase,hTRT 端粒酶协同蛋白1human telomerase associated protein 1,hTP1 短串联重复序列short tandem repeat断裂基因splite gene钝性未端blunt end多胺polyamines多巴胺dopamine多不饱和脂酸polyunsaturated fatty acid多功能酶multifunctional enzyme多核糖体polyribosome多接头克隆位点polylinker cloning sites多聚核蛋白体polysome多聚核苷酸polynucleotides多聚体polymer多聚脱氧核苷酸polydeoxynucleotides多酶体系multienzyme system多顺反子polycistron多顺反子mRNA polycistronic mRNA多态性polymorphism多肽polypeptide多肽链polypeptide chain多样性片段diversity segment多元催化multielement catalysis鹅膏蕈碱amanitin鹅脱氧胆酸chenodeoxycholic acid儿茶酚胺catecholamine二次转酯反应twice transesterification二级结构secondary structure二甲基丙烯焦磷酸3,3-dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, DPP 二聚化dimerization二聚体dimer二氢叶酸合成酶dihydrofolic acid synthetase二氢叶酸还原酶dihydrofolate reductase二巯基丙醇British anti-Lewisite,proteosome,BAL二十二碳六烯酸docosahexaenoic acid, DHA二十碳五烯酸eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA二肽酶dipeptidase二硝基苯酚dinitrophenol,DNP发夹hairpin翻译起始复合物translational initiation complex反基因策略antigene strategy反竞争性抑制作用uncompetitive inhibition反密码子anticodon反式trans反式作用因子trans-acting factor反烯酰CoA异构酶trans enoyl-CoA isomerase反义寡核苷酸antioligonucleotide反转录PCR reverse transcription PCR,RT-PCR反转重复序列inverted repeat泛醌ubiquinone泛素ubiquitin泛素化ubiquuitination泛酸pantothenic acid非mRNA小RNA small non-messenger RNA,snmRNAs 非必需氨基酸non-essencial amino acid非必需激活剂non-essential activator非蛋白氮non-protein nitrogen, NPN非定位候选基因克隆策略position-independent candidate gene approaches 非竞争性抑制作用non-competitive inhibitionRNA分化加工differential RNA processing分节基因segmentation genes分解代谢阻遏catabolic repression分解物基因激活蛋白catabolite gene activation protein, CAP分支酶debranching enzyme分支移动branch migration分子伴侣chaperon,molecular chaperon分子克隆molecular clone分子医学molecular medicine粉蝶霉素A piericidin A粉液化芽苞杆菌bacillus amyloliguefaciens粪卟啉原III coproporphyrinogen III,CPGIII粪胆素stercobilin,l-urobilin粪胆素原stercobilinogen,l-urobilinogen丰富基因redundant gene佛波酯phorbol ester5-氟尿嘧啶5-fluorouracil, 5-fu脯氨酸富含域proline-rich domain辅基prosthetic group辅酶coenzyme辅酶I NAD+辅酶II NADP+辅酶Q coenzyme Q,CoQ辅脂酶colipase辅助因子cofactor辅助因子Fis factor for inversion stimulation 辅阻遏剂corepressor 腐败作用putrefaction负超螺旋negative supercoil负碳离子carbanion复合体complex复合体Ⅴcomplex V复性renaturation复制replication复制酶replicase复制体replisome复制性转座duplicative transposition复制因子replication factor,RF复制子replicon富含AT AT rich钙调蛋白calmodulin CaM干扰RNA interference RNA,RNAi RNA干涉RNA interference,RNAi 甘氨胆酸glycocholic acid甘氨鹅脱氧胆酸glycochenodeoxycholic acid 甘露糖mannose, Man 甘油激酶glycerokinase甘油磷脂phosphoglycerides甘油三酯triglyceride2-甘油一酯2-monoglyceride肝胆红素hepatobilirubin肝胆汁hepatic bile肝素heparin肝细胞性黄疸hepatocellular jaundice感染infection感受态细胞competent cell岡崎片段Okazaki fragment高保真性high fidelity高脂蛋白血症hyperlipoproteinemia高脂血症hyperlipidemia功能互补实验functional complementation assay功能基因组学functional genomics功能克隆functional cloning共价修饰covalent modification共同的偶配体SMADs common-partner-SMAD,Co-SMADs共有序列consensus sequence谷氨酰胺合成酶glutamine synthetase谷氨酰胺酶glutaminase谷丙转氨酶glutamic pyruvic transaminase, GPT, ALT谷草转氨酶glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, GOT, AST β-谷固醇β-sitosterol 谷胱甘肽glutathione, GSH谷胱甘肽S-环氧化物转移酶glutathione S-epoxidetransferase骨形态发生蛋白bone morphogenetic protein,BMPs钴胺素cobalamin钴胺素I transcobalamin I, TC I固醇sterol固醇载体蛋白sterol carrier protein, SCP固定化酶immobilized enzyme寡核苷酸点阵oligonucleotide arrays寡核苷酸微芯片oligonucleotide micro-chip寡核苷酸杂交分析oligonucleotide hybridization analysis 寡聚酶oligomeric enzyme寡霉素oligomycin寡肽oligopeptide寡肽酶oligopeptidase关键酶key enzymes管家基因housekeeping gene光修复light repairing光修复酶photolyase胱甘肽S-转移酶glutathione S-transferase滚环复制rolling circle replication6-果糖双磷酸酶-26-phosphofructokinase-2果糖双磷酸酶-2fructose biphosphatase-2过渡态transition state过氧化酶体peroxisomes过氧化氢酶catalase,peroxidaseALA合酶ALA synthaseATP合酶ATP snthase核磁共振技术nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR核蛋白nuclear protein核蛋白体RNA ribosomal RNA,rRNA核蛋白体蛋白质ribosomal protein,rp核蛋白体结合位点ribosomal binding site, RBS核蛋白体循环ribosomal cycle核定位信号nuclear localization signal, NLS核定位序列nuclear localization sequence,NLS核苷ribonucleoside核苷二磷酸nucleoside diphosphate,NDP核苷三磷酸nucleoside triphosphate,NTP核苷酸nucleotide核苷一磷酸nucleoside monophosphate,NMP核黄素riboflavin核酶ribozyme核内不均一RNA heterogeneous nuclear RNA,hnRNA 核内小分子RNA small nuclear RNA,snRNA核仁小分子RNA small nucleolar RNA,snoRNA核输入因子nuclear importin核酸nucleic acid核酸内切酶endonuclease核酸外切酶exonuclease核糖核苷酸ribonucleotide核糖核酸ribonucleic acid,RNA核糖体ribosome核小体nucleosome核心颗粒core particle核心酶core enzyme核因子κB nuclear factor-κB,NF-κ B Pribnow盒Pribnow box黑色素melanin亨丁顿舞蹈病Huntington disease恒定片段constant segment后基因组计划post-Human Genome Project, PHGP 呼吸控制率respiratory control ratio, RCR呼吸链respiratory chainb-胡萝卜素b-carotene琥珀酸CoA succinyl CoA琥珀酸CoA合成酶succinyl-CoA synthetase琥珀酸脱氢酶succinate dehydrogenasea互补alpha complementation互补complementary互补的单链DNA complementary DNA花生四烯酸arachidonic acid化学渗透假说chemiosmotic hypothesis化学修饰chemical modificationHMG CoA还原酶HMG CoA reductase环loop环丁基环cyclobutane ringD-环复制D-loop replication缓激肽bradykinin黄疸jaundice黄嘌呤氧化酶xanthosine oxidase黄素单核苷酸flavin mononucleotide, FMN黄素蛋白flavoprotein黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸flavin adenine dinucleotide, FAD恢复rescue回文结构palindrome混合功能氧化酶mixed-function oxidase 混合微团mixed micelles活化能activation energy活化素activin活性部位active site活性区activation domain,AD活性中心active center获得性突变gain-of-function mutation肌酸creatine肌酸酐creatinine肌酸激酶creatine kinase, CK肌营养不良蛋白dystrophin基本重组general recombination基本转录因子general transcription factors 基底层bacal laminae基膜baxal lamina基因gene基因靶向gene targeting基因沉默因子silencing factor基因工程genetic engineering基因间隔gene spacer基因矫正gene correction基因克隆gene cloning基因疗法gene therapeutics基因敲除gene knock-out基因失活gene inactivation,loss-of-function mutations 基因文库gene library 基因芯片gene chip基因芯片点阵genechip arrays基因增补gene augmentation基因诊断gene diagnosis基因治疗gene therapy基因置换gene replacement基因重组genetic recombination基因转移gene transfer基因族gene family基因组genome,genomics基因组DNA genomic DNA基因组DNA文库genomic DNA library基因作图genetic mapping激动型G蛋白stimulatory G protein,Gs激活蛋白activator激活功能activation function激活剂activator激素反应元件hormone response element激素敏感性甘油三酯脂肪酶hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase, HSL 级联系统cascade system即刻早期反应基因immediate-early gene,IEG急性时相蛋白质acute phase protein APP急性时相反应物acute phase reactant APR己糖激酶hexokinase加单氧酶monooxygenase甲基化methylation甲基化酶methylase甲基转移酶methyl transferase甲硫氨酸循环methionine cycle甲羟戊酸mevalonic acid, MVA甲胎蛋白α-fetoproteinN-甲酰甲硫氨酸N-formyl methionine,fMet 假尿嘧啶ψ,pseudouridine假神经递质false neurotransmitter间接胆红素indirect reacting bilirubin间接体内疗法ex vivomRNA剪接mRNA splcing剪接splicing剪接接口splicing junction剪接体splicesome检查点check point简并性degeneracy碱基base碱基对base pairs, bp碱性亮氨酸拉链basic eucine zipper碱性螺旋-环-螺旋basic helix-loop-helix降解degradation交联对话cross talk胶原collagen胶原微纤维collagen fibril胶原纤维collagen fiber焦谷氨酸pyroglutamic acid焦磷酸法尼酯farnesyl pyrophosphate, FPPUDPG焦磷酸化酶UDPG pyrophosphorylase焦磷酸硫胺素thiamine pyrophosphate, TPP酵解途径glycolytic pathway酵母yeast酵母基因剔除yeast knockout project酵母人工染色体载体yeast artificial chromosome vector, YAC 酵母双杂交系统yeast two-hybrid-system阶段特异性stage specificity接合作用conjugation接受体acceptor结构基因structural gene结构基因组学structural genomicsSH2结构域Scr homology 2 domainSH3结构域Scr homology 3 domain结构域domain结合胆汁酸conjugated bile acidpoly(A结合蛋白poly(A-binding protein,PABP结合反应conjugation reactionATP结合盒转运蛋白AI ATP-binding cassette transporter A1, ABCA1 结合基团binding group结合酶conjugated enzyme结合区binding domain,BD结合体adaptorDNA结合域DNA binding domain解缠酶untwisting enzyme解毒作用detoxication解磷定pyridine aldoxime methyliodide,PAM解螺旋酶helicase解偶联蛋白uncoupling protein解偶联剂uncoupler金属激活酶metal-activated enzyme金属酶metalloenzyme紧张态tense state进位entrance茎stem茎环stem-loop精胺spermine精脒spermidine竞争性抑制作用competitive inhibition矩形双曲线rectangular hyperbola巨幼红细胞性贫血megaloblastic anemia RNA聚合酶RNA-pol聚合酶链反应polymerase chain reaction, PCR 聚糖glycan绝对特异性absolute specificity癞皮病pellagra劳氏肉瘤病毒Rous sarcoma virus,RSV酪氨酸蛋白激酶tyrosine-protein kinase,TPK 酪氨酸酶tyrosinase类核nucleoid厘摩centimorgen, cM立体异构特异性stereospecificity立早基因immediate-early gene利福平rifampicinN-连接聚糖N-linked glycanO-连接聚糖O-linked glycanDNA连接酶DNA ligase连接酶类ligases连接片段joining segment连接物蛋白adaptor protein连锁分析likage analysis连锁图genetic map,linkage map连续性commaless猎物prey,target protein裂解酶类lyases邻近效应proximity effect林-贝氏Lineweaver- Burk磷酸丙糖异构酶triose phosphate isomerase磷酸二酯键phosphodiester linkage4’-磷酸泛酰氨基乙硫醇4’-phosphopantetheine 磷酸钙转染calcium phosphate transfectionα-磷酸甘油穿梭α-glycerophosphate shuttle3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase磷酸甘油酸变位酶phosphoglycerate mutase磷酸甘油酸激酶phosphoglycerate kinase6-磷酸果糖fructose-6-phosphate , F-6-P6-磷酸果糖激酶-16-phosphofructokinase-1磷酸肌酸creatine phosphate, CP6-磷酸葡萄糖glucose-6-phosphate,G-6-P磷酸戊糖旁路pentose phosphate pathway,pentose phosphate shunt 磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸enolase,phopho-enolpyruvate,PEP3'-磷酸腺苷-5'-磷酸硫酸3'-phospho-adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate, PAPS磷脂交换蛋白phospholipid exchange proteins磷脂酶A2phospholipase A2磷脂酶类phospholipase磷脂酸phosphatidic acid领头链leading strand另一类激酶just another kinases硫胺素thiamine硫解酶thiolase硫酸角质素keratan sulfate硫酸类肝素heparan sulfate硫酸皮肤素dermatan sulfate硫酸软骨素类chordroitin sulfates硫酸转移酶sulfate transferase硫辛酸lipoic acid硫氧化还原蛋白thioredoxin硫氧化还原蛋白还原酶thioredoxin reductase路易士气Lewisite卵母细胞oocyte伦理、法律及社会问题ethical, legal and social issues, ELSI α-螺旋α-helix螺旋反稳定蛋白helix destabilizing protein,HDP麦角钙化醇ergocalciferol麦角固醇ergosterol麦芽糖maltose慢反应物质slow reacting substances of analphylaxis锚蛋白ankynin帽结构cap sequence帽结合蛋白cap binding proteins,CBPsDNA酶deoxyribonuclease,DNaseRNA酶ribonuclease, RNase酶enzyme酶促反应动力学kinetics of enzyme-catalyzed reaction酶蛋白poenzyme酶联免疫测定法enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA 酶免检测分析enzyme immunodetection assay酶偶联测定法enzyme coupled assays酶原zymogen门管周带periportal zone靡蛋白chymotrypsin米氏方程式Michaelis equation密度梯度离心density gradient centrifugation密码子codon嘧啶pyrimidine免疫印迹immunoblotting模板template模板理论piecing theory模板链template strand模体motif末端转移酶terminal transferase母亲效应基因maternal effect genes目的基因target DNA内分泌endocrine内分泌信号endocrine signal内含子intron内化internalization内皮生长抑制蛋白vastatin内皮抑素Endostatin内肽酶endopeptidase内因子intrinsic factor, IF内在序列同源结构internal seguence homology 内酯酶lactonase内质网endoplasmic reticulum,ER尼克酸nicotinic acid逆向转运reverse cholesterol transport, RCT逆转录reverse transcription逆转录病毒retro-virus, RV逆转录酶reverse transciptase鸟氨酸脱羧酶orinithine decarboxylase鸟氨酸循环orinithine cycle鸟苷guanosine鸟苷酸结合蛋白,G蛋白guanylate binding protein鸟嘌呤guanine,G鸟嘌呤环化酶guanylyl cyclase,GC尿卟啉原I同合酶UPG I cosynthased-尿胆素d-urobilini-尿胆素i-urobilind-尿胆素原d-urobilinogen尿苷uridine尿苷二磷酸葡糖醛酸uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid, UDPGA 尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖uridine diphophate glucose, UDPG尿嘧啶uracil,U尿嘧啶核苷酸uridine monophosphate, UMP尿素循环urea cycle柠檬酸citrate柠檬酸-丙酮酸循环citrate pyruvate cycle柠檬酸合酶citrate synthase柠檬酸裂合酶citrate lyase凝集素样受体lectin-like receptor凝胶过滤gel filtration牛磺胆酸taurocholic acid牛磺鹅脱氧胆酸taurochenodeoxycholic acid 偶氮还原酶类azoreductase偶氮还原酶类azoreductase爬行模型inchworn model排出位exit site旁分泌paracrine旁分泌信号paracrine signal胚胎干细胞embryonic stem cell配体ligand配体蛋白ligandin配伍未端compatible endH片段H segmentKlenow片段Klenow fragment片段重组体patch recombinant嘌呤purine嘌呤核苷酸循环purine nucleotide cycle拼接重组体splice recombinant平行分子遗传学分析parallel molecular genetic analysis苹果酸-天冬氨酸穿梭malate-asparate shuttle苹果酸脱氢酶fumarate hydratase,malate dehydrogenase DEAE葡聚糖介导转染DEAE dextran-mediated transfection葡糖醛酸胆红素bilirubin glucuronideUDP-葡糖醛酸基转移酶UDP-glucuronyl transferases, UGT葡萄糖glucose,Glc葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶glucose-6-phophatase葡萄糖激酶glucokinase葡萄糖耐量glucose tolerence葡萄糖转运体glucose transporter,GLUT栖热水生菌thermus aquaticus启动元件initiator启动子promoter起点origin起始tRNA initiator-tRNA起始密码initiation coden起始因子initiation factor,IF前病毒provirus前导片段leader segment前列腺环素prostacyclin前列腺素prostaglandin, PG前脑forebrain前清蛋白prealbumin, PAβ-羟丁酸β-hydroxybutyrate羟化酶hydroxylase3-羟甲基戊二酸单酰3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl CoA, HMG CoA3-羟甲基戊二酸单酰CoA 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA, HMG CoA3-羟甲基戊二酸单酰3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA synthase, HMG CoA CoA合酶synthase鞘氨醇sphingosine鞘脂sphingolipids切除修复excision repairing切口-封闭酶nicking-closing enzyme5-氢过氧化廿碳四烯酸5-hydroperoxy-eicotetraenoic acid, 5-HPETE 清蛋白albumin清道夫受体scavenger receptor, SR球蛋白globulin区带zone去饱和酶desaturase去甲肾上腺素norepinephrine全酶holoenzyme醛缩酶aldolase醛脱氢酶aldehyde dehydrogenase, ALDH缺口nick缺失deletion染色体chromosome染色体步移chromosome walking染色体畸形chromosomal abnormality染色质chromatin热休克蛋白heat shock proteins, Hsp人类白细胞抗原human leucocyte antigen,HLA人类基因组计划human genome project, HGP人类免疫缺陷病毒human immuno-deficiency virus,HIV 溶菌生长途径lysis pathway溶血性黄疸hemolytic jaundice溶源菌生长途径lysogenic pathway融解温度elting temperature, Tm肉碱carnitine肉碱-脂酰肉碱转位酶carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase 肉碱脂酰转移酶I carnitine acyl transferase I乳酸lactate乳酸脱氢酶lactate dehydrogenase乳糖操纵子lac operon朊病毒蛋白prion protein, PrP三级结构tertiary structure三联体密码triplet codetriplex-forming oligonucleotide, TFO三链DNA形成脱氧寡核苷酸三链技术triplex approach三羧酸循环tricarboxylic acid cycle三叶草形cloverleaf patternB沙门氏菌 B Salmonella鲨烯squalene鲨烯合酶squalene synthase筛选screening上调up regulation上游因子upstream factors射线radiation,RADX射线衍射法X-ray diffraction神经鞘磷脂sphingomyelin神经肽neuropeptide肾上腺素epinephrine生长因子growth factor生糖氨基酸glucogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid 生酮氨基酸ketogenic amino acid生物胞素biocytin生物催化剂biocatalyst生物大分子biomacromolecule生物化学biochemistry生物素biotin生物信息学bioinformatics生物氧化biological oxidation生物转化biotransformationa-生育酚当量a-tocophenol equivalents, a-TE 生殖细胞germ line cell石胆酸lithocholic acid时间特异性temporal specificity视蛋白opsin视黄醇retinol视黄醇结合蛋白retinol binding protein, RBP 视黄醇磷酸retinyl phosphate视黄醛retinal视黄酸retinoic acid视网膜母细胞瘤retinoblastoma饰胶蛋白decorin释放因子release factor,RFHDL受体HDL recepter受体receptor受体调节的SMADs receptor-regulated-SMAD,R-SMADs LDL受体相关蛋白LDL receptor related protein, LRP6-疏基嘌呤6-mercaptopurine,6MP鼠伤寒沙门氏杆菌salmonella typhimurium衰减attenuation衰减区域attenuator region衰减子attenuator双倒数作图法double reciprocal plot双链duplex1,6-双磷酸果糖1,6-fructose-biphosphate,F-1,6-2P双螺旋double helix双色荧光探针杂交系统wo-color fluorescent probe hybridization 双缩脲反应biuret reaction双向复制bidirectional replication双性α-螺旋amphipathicαhelix水解酶类hydrolases水溶性维生素water-soluble vitamin顺反子cistron顺式cis顺式作用元件cis-acting element瞬时转染transient transfection丝氨酸磷脂phosphatidyl serine丝甘蛋白聚糖serglycin四级结构quaternary structure四膜虫tetrahymena四氢叶酸tetrahydrofolic acid, FH4 or THFA松弛酶relaxing enzyme松弛态relaxed state酸性激活域acidic activation domain随从链lagging strandDNA损伤DNA damage羧基末端carboxyl terminal羧基末端结构域carboxyl terminal domain, CTD羧基肽酶A carboxypeptidase A肽peptide肽单元peptide unit肽-脯氨酰顺反异构酶peptide prolyl cis-trans isomerase,PPI肽核酸peptide nucleic acid, PNA肽酶peptidase肽酰位peptidyl site肽转位复合物peptide translocation complex 糖蛋白glycoprotein糖复合物glycoconjugates糖苷键glycosidic bondDNA糖苷酶DNA glyclsidase糖酵解glycolysis糖尿病hyperglycemia and glucosuria糖型glycoform糖异生gluconeogenesis糖异生途径gluconeogenic pathway糖原glycogen糖原储存疾病glycogen storage disease糖原分解branching enzyme,glycogenolysis 糖原合酶glycogen synthase糖原累积症Calmodulin套索RNA lariat RNA特异位点重组site-specific recombination特异转录因子special transcription factors体内试验,直接体内疗法in vivo体外试验,试管内in vitro体细胞somatic cell体细胞基因治疗somatic cell gene therapy 天冬酰胺asparagine铁硫簇iron-sulfur cluster, Fe-S铁硫蛋白iron-sulfur protein通用性universal同二聚体homodimer同工酶isoenzyme同型半胱氨酸homocysteine同源homolog同源重组homologous recombination3-酮基二氢鞘氨醇3-ketodihydrosphingosine 酮体ketone bodiesα-酮戊二酸α- ketoglutatrateα-酮戊二酸脱氢酶复合α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex体透明质酸hyaluronic acid透析dialysis突变mutation推荐名称recommended name退火anneal,annealing脱水酶dehydrase脱羧基作用decarboxylation脱羧酶decarboxyase脱氧胞苷deoxycytidine脱氧胞苷酸deoxycytidine monophosphate, dCMP脱氧单磷酸核苷deoxynucleotide monophosphate,dNMP脱氧胆酸deoxycholic acid脱氧核苷deoxyribonucleoside脱氧核苷酸deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate, dNMP 脱氧核酶deoxyribozyme脱氧核糖核苷酸deoxynucleotide脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid,DNA脱氧鸟苷deoxyguanosine脱氧鸟苷酸deoxyguanosine monophosphate, dGMP脱氧三磷酸核苷deoxynucleotide triphosphate,dNTP脱氧腺苷deoxyadenosine脱氧腺苷酸deoxyadenosine monophosphate, dAMP脱支酶glycogen phosphorylaseDNA拓扑异构酶DNA topoisomerase唾液酸酶neuraminidase外肽酶exopeptidase外显子exon网络系统networkDNA微点阵DNA microarray微粒体乙醇氧化系统microsomal ethanol oxidizing system, MEOS 微团micelles 微纤维fibrilDNA微阵列DNA microarray维生素vitamin胃蛋白酶pepsin胃蛋白酶原pepsinogencDNA文库cDNA library稳定转染stable transfection无规卷曲random coil无嘌呤/嘧啶核苷酸apurinic/apyuimidinic acids,AP 物理图physical map物理作图physical mapping吸光率absorbance,A稀有碱基rare bases系统名称systematic name细胞癌基因cellular-oncogene,c-onc细胞色素cytochrome, Cyt细胞色素C cytochrome C细胞色素P450Cytochrome P450,Cyt P450细胞特异性cell specificity细胞外基质extracellular matrixc,ECM细胞周期cell cycle细胞周期蛋白cyclin细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶cyclin dependent kinase,CDK 下调down regulation纤连蛋白fibronectin, Fn纤维蛋白fibrin纤维蛋白溶酶原plasminogen纤维蛋白原fibrinogen酰基载体蛋白acyl carrier protein, ACP显微注射microinjection线粒体DNA mitochondrial DNA, mtDNA线粒体孔蛋白mitochondrial porin限速酶limiting velocity enzymes限制性内切核酸酶restriction endonuclease限制性片段长度多态性restriction fragment length polymorphism, RFLP 限制–修饰体系restriction-modification system腺病毒adeno-virus, AV腺病毒相关病毒adeno-associated virus, AAV腺苷adenosineS-腺苷甲硫氨酸S-adenosyl methionine, SAM腺苷酸环化酶adenyl cyclase,adenylate cyclase,AC腺苷酸转运蛋白adenine nucleotide transporter腺苷脱氨酶adenosine deaminase,ADA腺嘌呤adenine,A相变异phase variation相对特异性relative specificityTBP相关因子TBP-associated factor, TAF相似性similarity相转变phase variation硝基还原酶类nitroreductase硝酸纤维素nitrocellulose , NC小分子核糖核蛋白体small nuclear ribonucleoprotein, snRNP 小沟minor groove小片段干涉RNA small interfering RNA,siRNA小叶中心带centrolobular zone校读proofread协调表达coordinate expression协调调节coordinate regulation心磷脂cardiolipin心钠素arrionatriuretic peptide, ANPcDNA芯片cDNA chipDNA芯片DNA chip锌指结构zinc finger。

生物化学常见单词表

生物化学常见单词表必需氨基酸（essential amino acid）
非必需氨基酸（nonessential amino acid）
肽键（peptide bond）
结构域（domain）
蛋白质变性（denaturation）
染色体（chromosome）
退火（annealing）
增色效应（hyperchromic effect）
减色效应（hypochromic effect）
糖苷键（glycosidic bond）
寡糖（oligoccharide）
多糖（polysaccharide）
脂肪酸（fatty acid）
协同运输（contransport）
胞吞（endocytosis）
米氏常数（Michaelis constant）
酶活力单位（U,active unit）
维生素（vitamin）
辅酶（conzyme）
呼吸电子传递链（respiratory electron-transport chain）氧化磷酸化（oxidative phosphorylation）
化学渗透理论（chemiosnotic theory）
糖酵解（glycolysis）
底物水平磷酸化（substrate phosphorlation）
柠檬酸循环（citric acid cycle）
乙醛酸循环（glyoxylate cycle）
糖异生作用（gluconenogenesis）
酮体（acetone body）
转氨（transamination）
脱氨（deamination）
从头合成（de novo synthesis）
补救途径（salvage pathway）。

英文版生物化学单词

12fatty acid脂肪酸phospholipid[,fɔsfə'lipid, -'lai-]n. [生化] 磷脂phosphoglyceride磷酸甘油sphingosine['sfiŋɡəsi:n, -sin]鞘胺醇,神经胺sphingomyelin[,sfinɡəu'maiəlin]（神经）鞘磷脂glycolipid[,ɡlaikəu'lipid]糖脂类cerebroside['seribrəsaid]脑苷脂ganglioside ['ɡæŋɡliəsaid][生化]神经节苷脂cholesterol[kə'lestərɔl]胆固醇amphipathic molecule[,æmfi'pæθik, 'æmfipɑ:θ]两亲水脂分子lipid bilayer['baileiə]脂质二重层liposome ['lipəusəum, 'lai-]脂质体hydropathy plot[hai'drɔpəθi]水疗法integral membrane protein整合膜蛋白peripheral membrane protein外周膜蛋白lateral diffusion径向扩散fluid mosaic model流动镶嵌模型targeting sequence目标序列receptor-mediated endocytosis [,endəusai'təusis]受体介导的内吞作用14Phototroph['fəutəu,trɔf] （利用光作为代谢能源的）光养生物；[微] 光能利用菌Chemotrop化学营养生物catabolism[kə'tæbəlizəm]分解代谢metabolism or intermediary metabolism[,intə'mi:diəri]新陈代谢或中间代谢anabolism[ə'næbəulizəm] [生化] 合成代谢；同化作用amphibolic pathway[,æmfi'bɔlik][生化]两用代谢途径；[生化]无定向代谢途径coupled reaction偶联反应activated carrier活化载体oxidation-reduction reaction氧化还原反应phosphoryl transfer potential[,fɔs'fɔ:ril; fɔs'fɔ:ril]磷酰基转移电势oxidative phosphorylation['ɔksideitiv,fɔsfəri'leiʃən] 氧化磷酸化ligation reaction[lai'ɡeiʃən]结扎反应isomerization reaction[ai,sɔmərai'zeiʃən, -ri'z-]异构化反应group-transfer reaction基团转移反应hydrolytic reaction水解反应addition to or formation of double-bond reaction增加或形成双键反应energy charge能荷phosphorylation potential[fɔ,sfɔri'leiʃən][有化]磷酸化作用电势16glycolysis[ɡlai'kɔlisis]糖醇解lactic acid fermentation[,fə:men'teiʃən]乳酸发酵alcoholic fermentation酒精发酵gluconeogenesis['ɡlu:kəu,ni:əu'dʒenisis]糖质新生，糖异生ob ligate anaerobe[æ'nεərəub]专性厌氧微生物facultative anaerobe兼性厌氧菌hexokinase[,heksəu'kaineis][生化]己糖激酶kinase['kaineiz, 'ki-]激酶phosphofructokinase (PFK) ['fɔsfəu,frʌktəu'kai,neis, -neiz]磷酸果糖激酶thioester intermediate[,θaiəu'estə]硫代酸酯中间物substrate-level phosphorylation[fɔ,sfɔri'leiʃən]底物水平磷酸化mutase['mju:teis]变位酶enol phosphate['i:nɔl]烯醇磷酸pyruvate kinase[pai'ru:veit, pi-]丙酮酸激酶bifunctional enzyme双功能的酶，双官能团的酶feedforward stimulation正反馈激励committed step[生化]关键步骤pyruvate carboxylase[kɑ:'bɔksileis][生化]丙酮酸羧化酶biotin['baiətin]生物素，维生素H glucose 6-phosphatase 6-磷酸葡萄糖substrate cycle底物周期17citric acid (tricarboxylic acid, TCA; Krebs) cycle['sitrik]柠檬酸（三羧酸，三醋酸纤维素；克雷布斯（姓氏））循环oxidative phosphorylation['ɔksideitiv,fɔsfəri'leiʃən]氧化磷酸化acetyl CoA['æsitil, ə'si:til]乙酰辅酶A flavoprotein['fleivəu'prəuti:n]黄素蛋白pyruvate dehydrogenase complex[pai'ru:veit,pi-][di:'haidrədʒəneis]丙酮酸脱氢酶复合物citrate synthase['sitreit][生化]柠檬酸合成酶iron-sulfur (nonheme iron) protein铁硫蛋白isocitrate dehydrogenase[di:'haidrədʒəneis]异柠檬酸脱氢酶malate synthase['mæleit]苹果酸合成酶a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenas[,ki:təuɡlu:'tɑ:reit]酮戊二酸脱氢酶metabolonanaplerotic reaction[,ænəpli'rɔtik]补给反应glyoxylate cycle[glai'ɔksi,leit]乙醛酸循环glyoxysome [ɡlai'ɔksisəm]乙醛酸循环体beriberi[,beri'beri]脚气病isocitrate lyase['laieis]异柠檬酸裂合酶18oxidative phosphorylation ['ɔksideitiv,fɔsfəri'leiʃən]氧化磷酸化proton-motive force质子原动力cellular respiration [,respə'reiʃən]细胞呼吸作用electron-transport chain电子转移链reduction (redox, oxidation-reduction, E´ 0 ) potential还原（氧化还原剂，氧化还原作用，）电势inverted region反转区coenzyme Q (Q, ubiquinone)辅酶Q（Q，[ju:'bikwi,nəun] 泛醌；辅酶Q（等于coenzyme Q）NADH-Q oxidoreductase (Complex I)['ɔksidəuri'dʌkteis] 烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸-Q氧化还原酶（复合物I）flavin mononucleotide (FMN)黄素单核苷酸iron-sulfur (nonheme iron) protein铁硫（非血红素）蛋白cytochrome c (cyt c)细胞色素C succinate-Q reductase (Complex II) ['sʌksineit]琥珀酸盐还原酶Q Q cycle Q周期Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (Complex III) ['saitəukrəum]细胞色素氧化还原酶QRieske centercytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV)细胞色素C氧化酶catalase ['kætəleis] 过氧化氢酶superoxide dismutase[dis'mju:teis]超氧化物歧化酶uncoupling protein (UCP)解偶联蛋白ATP synthase (Complex V, F 1 F 0 ATPase)A TP合成酶glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle3-磷酸甘油穿梭途径malate-aspartate shuttle苹果酸-天门冬氨酸穿梭途径ATP-ADP translocase(adenine nucleotide translocase, ANT)ATP-ADP移位酶（腺嘌呤核苷酸移位酶）respiratory (acceptor) control['respərətəri, ri'spaiə-]呼吸（受体）控制caspase半胱天冬酶；切冬酶（胱冬肽酶）；细胞凋亡蛋白酶programmed cell death (apoptosis)程序化细胞死亡（[,æpə'təusis; ,æpəp'təusis]细胞凋亡）20Calvin cycle (dark reactions)卡尔文循环（暗反应）Autotroph自养生物starch淀粉heterotroph ['hetərəutrɔf]异养生物peroxisome[pə'rɔksə,səm]过氧物酶体rubisco (ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) 二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶photorespiration ['fəutəu,respə'reiʃən]光呼吸thioredoxin [,θaiəu'ri:dɔksin]硫氧还蛋白sucrose ['sju:krəuz, -krəus]蔗糖C 4 pathway C 4 plant C 3 plantCrassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)景天酸代谢pentose phosphate pathway磷酸戊糖途径glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase 6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶glutathione[,ɡlu:tə'θaiəun]谷胱甘肽transketolase[træns'ki:təuleis, trænz-, trɑ:n-]转酮醇酶transaldolase醛羧移转酶21glycogen phosphorylase糖原磷酸化酶phosphorolysis[,fɔsfə'rɔlisis]磷酸解作用pyridoxal phosphate [,piri'dɔksəl, -æl]吡哆醛磷酸盐（维生素B6）protein kinase A蛋白激酶A phosphorylase kinase磷酸化酶激酶calmodulin ['kælmə,djulin]钙调蛋白epinephrine (adrenaline)肾上腺素glucagon['ɡlu:kəɡɔn]胰高血糖素insulin胰岛素uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPglucose)尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖glycogen synthase糖原合成酶glycogenin protein phosphatase 1蛋白质磷酸酶122triacylglycerol (neutral fat, triacylglyceride)三酰甘油（中性脂肪，三酸甘油酯）bile salt胆汁盐chylomicron [,kailəu'maikrɔn]乳糜微滴acyl adenylate酰基腺苷酸carnitine ['kɑ:niti:n]肉毒碱b-oxidation pathway b氧化途径vitamin B 12(cobalamin)维生素B12['kəubɔ:ləmin] peroxisome[pə'rɔksə,səm]过氧化物酶体ketone body酮体fatty acid synthase脂肪酸合成酶acyl carrier protein (ACP) 酰基载体蛋白质malonyl CoA ['mælənil]丙二酰辅酶Aacetyl CoA carboxylase乙酰辅酶A羧化酶megasynthase polyketide聚酮化合物nonribosomal peptideAMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK)腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶arachidonate[,ærə'kidəneit]花生四烯酸protein phosphatase 2A蛋白质磷酸酶2A prostaglandin[,prɔstə'ɡlændin]前列腺素eicosanoid [ai'kəusə,nɔid]类二十烷酸23ubiquitin [ju:'bikwitin]泛素，泛激酶proteasome蛋白酶体aminotransferase (transaminase)氨基转移酶(转氨酶) glutamate dehydrogenase谷氨酸脱氢酶pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)吡哆醛磷酸盐pyridoxamine phosphate (PMP) [piri'dɔksə,mi:n] 吡哆胺(维生素B6)磷酸盐alanine cycle丙氨酸循环urea cycle尿素循环N-acetylglutamate乙酰谷氨酸carbamoyl phosphate synthetase氨基甲酰磷酸盐合成酶ketogenic amino acid[,ki:təu'dʒenik]生酮氨基酸glucogenic amino acid[,ɡlu:kəu'dʒenik]生成葡萄糖的氨基酸biopterin [,baiəu'pterin]生物嘌呤phenylketonuria ['fenil,ki:tə'njuri:ə, 'fi:-]苯丙酮酸尿24nitrogen fixation固氮作用nitrogenase complex['naitrədʒəneis, nai'trɔdʒəneis]固氮酶复合物essential amino acids必需氨基酸nonessential amino acids非必需氨基酸pyridoxal phosphate[,piri'dɔksəl, -æl]吡哆醛磷酸盐tetrahydrofolate四氢叶酸盐S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) [ə,denəsilmə'θaiəni:n] S—腺苷甲硫胺酸activated methyl cycle活化甲基周期substrate channeling底物通道作用committed step关键步骤cumulative feedback inhibition累积反馈抑制作用enzyme multiplicity酶多样性25Nucleoside核苷nucleotide核苷酸pyrimidine嘧啶salvage pathway补救途径carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (CSP) [kɑ:'bæmɔil] 氨甲酰磷酸合成酶purine嘌呤ATP-grasp fold orotidylate5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) [,paiərəu'fɔsfeit] 5-磷酸核糖-1-焦磷酸inosinate [i'nəusineit] 次黄甙酸盐；肌甙酸盐hypoxanthine[,haipəu'zænθi:n, -θin] 次黄嘌呤glutamine phosphoribosyl amidotransferase谷氨酸磷酸核糖氨基转移酶ribonucleotide reductase核苷酸还原酶thymidylate synthase胸苷酸合成酶dihydrofolate reductase [dai,haidrəu'fɔleit]二氢叶酸还原酶26Phosphatidate磷脂Triacylglycerol三酰甘油phospholipid[,fɔsfə'lipid, -'lai-]磷脂cytidine diphosphodiacylglycerol (CDP-diacylglycerol)glyceryl ether phospholipid ['i:θə]甘油乙醚磷脂sphingolipid [,sfinɡəu'lipid, -'laip-]鞘脂类ceramide (N-acyl sphingosine) ['serəmaid](['sfiŋɡəsi:n, -sin]N-酰基鞘氨醇)神经酰胺cerebroside['seribrəsaid]脑苷脂ganglioside['ɡæŋɡliəsaid]神经节苷脂cholesterol[kə'lestərɔl]胆固醇mevalonate [me'væləneit, -nət]甲羟戊醇3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMG-CoA reductase)3-羟基-5-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶3-isopentenyl pyrophosphate3-煤焦磷酸lipoprotein particles脂蛋白微粒sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)胆固醇元件调节结合蛋白low-density lipoprotein (LDL)低密度脂蛋白high-density lipoprotein (HDL)高密度脂蛋白receptor-mediated endocytosis [,endəusai'təusis]受体调节内吞作用bile salts胆汁盐steroid hormones ['sterɔid, 'stiə-]甾类激素cytochrome P450 monooxygenase ['saitəukrəum][,mɔnəu'ɔksidʒineis,]细胞色素P450单氧酶pregnenolone [preɡ'nenələun] 孕烯醇酮27B-DNA helix B-脱氧核糖核酸螺旋A-DNA helix A-脱氧核糖核酸螺旋major groove【分子生物学】大沟minor groove[生化] 小沟Z-DNA helix Z-脱氧核糖核酸螺旋DNA polymerase DNA聚合酶Template模板Primer原始物helicase解旋酶exonuclease[,eksəu'nju:klieis] [生化] 核酸外切酶supercoil超螺旋linking number (Lk) 耦合数topoisomer拓扑异构体twist (Tw)扭曲writhe (Wr) [raið]翻滚origin of replication复制原点topoisomerase [tɔpɔi'sʌməreiz]拓扑异构酶primase引发酶replication fork复制叉Okazaki fragment [遗] 冈崎片段lagging strand [生化] 后随链leading strand引导链DNA ligase DNA连接酶processivity持续合成能力cell cycle细胞周期telomere ['teləmiə]端粒telomerase [te'lɔməreis]端粒酶recombinase [ri:'kɔmbə,neiz]重组酶Holliday junctionrecombination synapse ['sainæps, 'si-, si'næps]重组突触transition过渡transversion颠换mutagen ['mju:tədʒən] 诱导有机体突变的物质direct repair base-excision repair Ames tesnucleotide-excision repair核苷酸切补修复trinucleotide repeat三核苷酸复制28Transcription转录RNA polymeraseRNA聚合酶promoter sites起始位点transcription factor转录因子footprinting足迹法consensus sequence共有序列sigma subunit 亚组rho (r) protein transcription bubble转录泡TA TA box Enhancer强化剂pre-mRNA前信使RNA5 cap poly(A) tail RNA editingRNA剪接RNA splicingRNA拼接Spliceosome剪接体small nuclear RNA (snRNA)小核RNA alternative splicing可变剪接catalytic RNA催化剂RNA self-splicing自我拼接29Translation翻译Ribosome核糖体transfer RNA (tRNA)转运RNA codon密码子anticodon反密码子aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase氨酰基-转运RNA合成酶50S subunit 30S subunit Polysome多核糖体Shine-Dalgarno sequence peptidyl transferase center肽基转移酶中心wobble hypothesis['wɔbl][hai'pɔθisis]摆动假说，变偶假说initiation factor起始因子elongation factor延长因子elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu)elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts)elongation factor G (EF-G)molecular mimicry['mimikri]分子模拟release factor释放因子30allosteric interaction变构相互作用covalent modification共价修正glycolysis糖酵解phosphofructokinase ['fɔsfəu,frʌktəu'kai,neis, -neiz]磷酸果糖激酶citric acid cycle三羧酸循环oxidative phosphorylation氧化磷酸化pentose phosphate pathway磷酸戊糖途径gluconeogenesis ['ɡlu:kəu,ni:əu'dʒenisis]糖异生glycogen synthesis糖原合成glycogen degradation糖原降解glucose 6-phosphate 6-磷酸葡萄糖acetyl CoA乙酰辅酶A pyruvate [pai'ru:veit, pi-]丙酮酸ketone body酮体starved-fed cycle饥饿喂养的周期glucose homeostasis [,həumiəu'steisis]葡萄糖内稳态insulin胰岛素glucagon胰高血糖素caloric homeostasis热量内稳态leptin ['leptin]瘦蛋白creatine phosphate ['kri:əti:n]磷酸肌酸。

(完整版)生物化学专业英语单词

单词表第一章Prokaryote 原核生物Eukaryote 真核生物fractionation 分级、分馏biomolecule 生物分子organism 生物体、有机体membrane 膜nucleus 细胞核cocci 球菌bacilli 杆菌spirilla 螺旋菌Eubacteria 真细菌Archaebacteria 原细菌Gram-positive 革兰氏阳性菌Gram negative bacteria 革兰氏阴性菌Cyanobacteria 蓝细菌Plasma 细胞浆Mesosome 间体Nuleoid 拟核Sytosol 细胞质、原生质Bilayer 双分子层（膜）Protein 蛋白质Lipid 脂类Carbohydrate 糖类、碳水化合物osmotic pressure 渗透压Peptidoglycan 肽聚糖Subcellular 亚细胞的Ganelle 细胞器Genetic 遗传的Chromosome 染色体ribosomal ribonucleic acid rRNA Endoplasmic reticulum 内质网Phospholipid 磷脂Detoxification 解毒Golgi apparatus 高尔基体Refresh 更新Mitochondria 线粒体oxidative phosphorylation 氧化磷酸化fatty acid 脂肪酸degradation 降解Chloroplasts 叶绿体thylakoid vesicles 类囊体photosynthesis 光合作用Lysosomes 溶酶体Macromolecule 大分子Enzyme 酶Cytoskeleton 细胞支架Metabolic 新陈代谢的Centrifugation 离心Isolate 分离Equilibrium 平衡Density 密度Friction 摩擦力Velocity 速率Supernatant 上清夜Pellet 沉淀第二章Amino acid 氨基酸Enantiomers 对映体Tetrahedral 正四面体的Hydrophobic 疏水的、憎水的Aliphatic 脂肪族的Aromatic 芳香族的Polar 极性的Charged 带电荷的Glycine Gly,甘氨酸alanine Ala,丙氨酸valine Val,缬氨酸leucine Leu,亮氨酸isoleucine Ile,异亮氨酸methionine Met,甲硫氨酸proline Pro,脯氨酸cystine Cys,半胱氨酸Phenylalanine Phe,苯丙氨酸Tyrosine Tyr,酪氨酸Tryptophan Trp,色氨酸Asparagines Asn, 天冬酰胺Glutamine Gln,谷氨酰胺Serine Ser,丝氨酸Threonine Thr,苏氨酸Varginine Arg, 精氨酸Lysine Lys,赖氨酸Histidine His,组氨酸aspartic acid Asp,天冬氨酸glutamic acid Glu,谷氨酸base 碱carboxyl 羧基isoelectric point 等电点positive 正的、阳性的negative 负的、阴性的buffering 缓冲physiological 生理的Primary structure 一级结构Secondary structure 二级结构Tertiary structure 三级结构Quaternary structure 四级结构peptide bond 肽键sequence 顺序、序列covalent Bond 共价键polypeptide 多肽terminal 末端carbonyl 羰基resonance structures 共振结构rigid 刚性的rotate 旋转trans configuration 顺式构象disulfide bonds 二硫键α-helix α-落选hydrogen bond 氢键β-pleated sheet β-折叠片parallel 平行的antiparallel 反平行的random coil 无规卷曲unique 唯一的spatial 空间的arrangement 排列、安排linear sequence 线性序列residue 残基Hydrophobic interaction疏水相互作用Interior 内部的Electrostatic force 静电力salt bridge 盐桥、盐键van der Waals force 范德华力subunit 亚基allosteric effect 变构效应Noncovalent interactions 非共价相互作用protein stability 蛋白质的稳定dimensional 空间的、维的proton 质子donor 供体、赠与者lone pair of electrons 孤对电子collinear 在同一直线上Hydrophobic force 疏水力Nonpolar 非极性Minimize 最小化protein folding 蛋白质折叠Accessory protein 辅助蛋白质molecular chaperones 分子伴侣Myoglobin 肌红蛋白Hemoglobin 血红蛋白prosthetic group 辅基essential 必需的heme 血红素crevice 缝隙protoporphyrin 原卟啉porphyrin 卟啉ferrous 含铁的proximal 最接近的cooperative 协同的noncooperative 非协同的dissociation curve 解离曲线sigmoidal S形曲线hyperbolic 双曲线affinity 亲和性blood capillaries 血管Bohr effect 波尔效应2,3-biphosphoglycerate 2,3-二磷酸甘油酸Mechanism 机制Relaxed state 松弛状态tense state 紧张状态hemoglobinopathies 血红蛋白分子病Sickle-cell anemia 镰刀形细胞贫血症Erythrocyte 红血球sticky patch 粘性小区therapeutic 治疗的Collagen 胶原蛋白Skin 皮肤Bone 骨骼Tendon 腱Cartilage 软骨blood vessel 血管mammal 哺乳动物fibrous 纤维状的tripeptide 三肽的triple-helical 三股螺旋的cross-linke 交联Allysine 醛基赖氨酸Antibodie 抗体immune system 免疫系统pathogen 病原体trigger 引发、触发response 响应、应答antigen 抗原antigenic determine 抗原决定簇epitope 抗原决定簇Immunolocalization 免疫定位Antibody 抗体Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assayELISA酶联免疫吸附测定purification 提纯、纯化Homogenization 匀浆solubilization 溶解Ammonium sulfate 硫酸铵Precipitation 沉淀Dialysis 透析Chromatographic techniques 层析技术gel filtration 凝胶过滤affinity chromatography 亲和层析Electrophoretic techniques 电泳技术isoelectric focusing 等电聚焦SDS polyacrylamide gel eletrophoresisSDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳semi-permeable 半透性ligand 配基inert 惰性的matrix 基质elute 洗出、流出lectin 外源凝集素glycoprotein 糖蛋白molecular sieve 分子筛polyampholytes 聚两性电解质gradient 梯度migrate 迁移、移动chymotrypsin 胰凝乳蛋白酶sequencing 测序2-mercaptoethanol ２－巯基乙醇ninhydrin 茚三酮fluorescamine 荧光胺fluorodinitrobenzene 二硝基氟苯dansyl chloride 丹磺酰氯phenyl isothiocyanate PITC苯异硫氰酸酯fragment 片断、碎片encoding 编码decipher 解读、破译anchor 锚定第三章biocatalyst 生物催化剂active site 活性中心substrate 底物The induced –fit model 诱导契合学说Stereospecificity 立体异构专一性Specificity 专一性Trypsin 胰蛋白酶Elastase 弹性蛋白酶Oxidoreductase 氧化还原酶Transferase 转移酶Hydrolase 水解酶Lyase 裂合酶Isomerase 异构酶Ligase 连接酶Ribozyme 核酶Abzyme 抗体酶catalytic antibody 抗体酶analog 类似物assay 化验、测定optimal 最佳的Coenzyme 辅酶Cofactor 辅因子apoenzyme 脱辅酶holoenzyme 全酶acetylcholinesterase 乙酰胆碱酯酶Nicotinamide 烟酰胺Adenine 腺嘌呤Dinucleotide 二核苷酸Phosphate 磷酸Oxidation 氧化reduction 还原Flavin 黄素Mononucleotide 单核苷酸Acyl 酰基thiamine pyrophosphate 焦磷酸硫胺素decarboxylase 脱羧酶Pyridoxal 吡哆醛Pyridoxamine 吡哆胺Pyridoxine 吡哆醇Ubiquinone 泛醌Isoenzymes 同功酶Kinetic 动力学lactate dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶proportional 成比例的saturate 使饱和thermal 热的denaturation 变性optimum 最适宜的diversity 多样性Michaelis-Menten equation 米氏方程double-reciprocal plot 双倒数作图法inhibition 抑制Inhibitor 抑制剂Metabolite 代谢物Irreversible 不可逆的Reversible 可逆的Competitive 竞争性的Noncompetitive 非竞争性的Probe 探测Clinically 临床上Regulation 调节committed step 关键步骤activator 激活剂Adjust 调节Feedback 反馈Sequential 连续的Branched 分支的Conformational 构象的homotropic effect 同促效应heterotropic effect 异促效应Phosphofructokinase 磷酸果糖激酶Citrate 柠檬酸盐Fructose 2,6 bisphosphate 2,6-二磷酸果糖phosphorylation 磷酸化dephosphorylation 去磷酸化hydroxyl 羟基hormone 激素Glycogen phosphorylase 糖原磷酸化酶Phosphorylate 使磷酸化glycogen synthase 糖原合酶unphosphorylate 使去磷酸化proteolytic 蛋白质水解的proenzymes 酶原zymogen 酶原hydrolysis 水解pancreatic 胰腺的pancreas 胰腺small intestine 小肠blood clotting 血液凝固amplification 扩大cascade 级联第四章boundary 边界compartments 小室Mechanical 机械的signaling 发信号insoluble 不可溶的glycerophospholipids 甘油磷脂类sphingolipids 鞘脂类sterols 固醇类glycerol 甘油sphingosine 鞘氨醇sphingomyelins 鞘磷脂cholesterol 胆固醇steroid 类固醇Amphipathic 两性的Hydrophilic 亲水的Bulky 体积大的self-assemble 自组装的fluidity 流动性rotational 转动的lateral 侧向的Fluid mosaic model 流体镶嵌模型Integral 整体的、内在的Flip 翻跟头integral membrane proteins 内在膜蛋白peripheral membrane proteins外周膜蛋白asymmetry 不对称asymmetrically 不对称地membrane-spaning protein 跨膜蛋白Multiple 多重的Lipid-anchored proteins 脂锚定蛋白Heterokaryon 异核体Fusion 融合Reconstitution 重建Reincorporated 重新合并Extracellular 细胞外的Intercellular 细胞内的Passive transport 被动运输active transport 主动运输concentration 浓度diffusion 扩散saturable 可饱和的facilitated 协助的、推动的symport 同向运送antiport 逆向运送epithelial cells 上皮细胞exocytosis 分泌作用endocytosis 内吞作用phagocytosis 吞噬作用pinocytosis 胞饮作用Receptor mediated endocytosis fusion受体介导的内吞作用debris 碎片transduction 转导Lipophilic 亲脂性的Receptors 受体second messengers 第二信使第五章Nucleic acid 核酸Replication 复制Nucleotide 核苷酸Pyrimidine 嘧啶Guanine 鸟嘌呤Thymine 胸腺嘧啶Cytosine 胞嘧啶Nucleoside 核苷Deoxyribonucleoside 脱氧核糖核苷ribonucleoside 核糖核苷deoxyribonucleotide 脱氧核糖核苷酸genes 基因complementarily 互补地nucleosome 核小体loop 突环rosette 玫瑰花结semi-conservative 半保留的polymerase 聚合酶template 模板primer 引物fork 叉Bidirectional 双向的Okazaki fragments 冈崎片段semi-discontinuous 半不连续的strand 链、一股hybridization 杂交melting temperature 熔融温度renaturation 复性labeled 标记的fluorescent 荧光的tag 标记、标签annealing 退火amplify 增强、扩大The central dogma 中心法则Transcription 转录initiation 起始Elongation 延伸termination 终止promoters 启动子palindrome 回文结构processing 加工splicing 拼接reverse transcription 逆转录第六章genetic code 遗传密码intermediate 中间的、媒介codons 密码子unambiguous 明确的correspond 相应、符合degenerate 简并的mutation 变异incorporation 合并nonoverlapping 不相重叠的reading frames 阅读框aminoacyl-tRNA 氨酰-tRNA peptidyl-tRNA 肽酰-tRNA stem 茎、干、臂anticodon 反密码子translocation 移位第七章metabolism 代谢Saccharides 糖类monosaccharides 单糖aldehyde group 醛基ketone group 酮基Stereoisomers 立体异构体Oligosaccharides 寡糖Glycosidic bond 糖苷键Polysaccharides 多糖Starch 淀粉Cellulose 纤维素Dextran 葡聚糖Amylose 直链淀粉amylopectin 支链淀粉Glycolysis 糖酵解Cytoplasm 细胞质Glucose 葡萄糖Galactose 半乳糖Mannose 甘露糖Sucrose 蔗糖Trehalose 海藻糖Lactose 乳糖Hexokinase 己糖激酶Fructose 果糖Phosphoglucoisomerase 磷酸葡萄糖变位酶Bisphosphate 二磷酸glyceraldehydes 甘油醛dihydroxyacetone 二羟丙酮aldolase 醛缩酶triose 丙糖1,3-bisphosphoglycerate 1,3 二磷酸甘油酸dehydrogenase 脱氢酶3-phosphoglycerate 3-磷酸甘油酸kinase 激酶mutase 变位酶phosphoenolpyruvate 磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸enolase 烯醇化酶pyruvate 丙酮酸Gluconeogenesis 糖异生Noncarbhydrate 非糖的Liver 肝脏skeletal muscle 骨骼肌phosphorylase 磷酸化酶Phosphorolysis 磷酸化pyrophosphorylase 焦磷酸化酶glucosyl 葡萄糖基nonreducing end 非还原端Epinephrine 肾上腺素glucagon 胰高血糖素Insulin 胰岛素第八章fatty acid 脂肪酸hydrocarbon 烃、碳氢化合物carboxylic acid 羧酸Unsaturated 不饱和的Triacylglycerol 三酰甘油Acetyl 乙酰基Thioester 硫酯Carnitine 肉(毒)碱Hydration 水合作用Thiolysis 硫解Consume 消耗ketone bodies 酮体acetoacetate 乙酰乙酸D-3-hydroxybutyrate D-3-羟基丁酸Acetone 丙酮diabetes 糖尿病toxic 有毒的lethal 致命的multifunctional 多功能的malonyl 丙二酰基carboxylation 羧化condensation 缩合acetoacetyl 乙酰乙酰基hydroxybutyryl 羟丁酰基crotonyl 丁烯酰基butyryl 丁酰基hydrolyzation 水解作用palmitoyl 软脂酰基palmitate 软脂酸lipoproteins 脂蛋白globular 球状的micelle 胶束、微囊第九章Respiration 呼吸作用citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环、三羧酸循环concomitant 伴随的isocitrate 异柠檬酸酸盐α-ketoglutarate α-酮戊二酸succinate 琥珀酸盐succinyl 琥珀酰基fumarate 延胡索酸盐malate 苹果酸盐oxaloacetate 草酰乙酸盐cytochrome 细胞色素oxidase 氧化酶reductase 还原酶Rotatory 旋转的engine 发动机第十章Nitrogen 氮Diet 常吃的食物Erythrose 赤藓糖Ribose 核糖Transamination 转氨基作用Deamination 脱氨基作用Transdeamination 联合脱氨基作用Ammonia 氨Excrete 排泄Aquatic 水生uric acid 尿酸terrestrial 陆生的reptile 爬行动物urea 尿素vertebrates 脊椎动物ornithine 鸟氨酸arginine 精氨酸citrullin 瓜氨酸permanently 不变地。

生物化学英文专业词汇

生物化学词汇A band A带A chromosome A染色体[二倍体染色体组中的正常染色体（不同于B染色体）]A site [核糖体]A部位ABA 脱落酸abasic site 脱碱基位点，无碱基位点abaxial 远轴的abequose 阿比可糖，beta脱氧岩藻糖aberrant splicing 异常剪接aberration 象差；畸变；失常abiogenesis 自然发生论，无生源论ablastin 抑殖素（抑制微生物细胞分裂或生殖的一种抗体）abnormal distrbution 非正态分布abnormality 异常，失常；畸形，畸变ABO blood group system ABO血型系统aboriginal mouse 原生鼠abortin 流产素abortion 流产，败育abortive egg 败育卵abortive infection 流产（性）感染abortive transduction 流产（性）转导ABP 肌动蛋白结合蛋白abrin 相思豆毒蛋白abscisic acid 脱落酸abscission 脱落absolute 绝对的absolute configuration 绝对构型absolute counting 绝对测量absolute deviation 绝对偏差absolute error 绝对误差absorbance 吸收，吸光度absorbed dose 吸收剂量absorbent 吸收剂absorptiometer 吸光计absorptiometry 吸光测定法absorption 吸收absorption band 吸收谱带absorption cell 吸收池absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption spectroscopy 吸收光谱法absorption spectrum 吸收光谱；吸收谱absorptive endocytosis 吸收（型）胞吞（作用）absorptive pinocytosis 吸收（型）胞饮（作用）absorptivity 吸光系数；吸收性abundance 丰度abundant 丰富的，高丰度的abundant mRNAs 高丰度mRNA abzyme 抗体酶acaricidin 杀螨剂accedent variation 偶然变异accelerated flow method 加速流动法accepting arm [tRNA的]接纳臂acceptor 接纳体，（接）受体acceptor site 接纳位点，接受位点acceptor splicing site 剪接受体acceptor stem [tRNA的]接纳茎accessible 可及的accessible promoter 可及启动子accessible surface 可及表面accessory 零件，附件；辅助的accessory cell 佐细胞accessory chromosome 副染色体accessory factor 辅助因子accessory nucleus 副核accessory pigment 辅助色素accessory protein 辅助蛋白（质）accommodation 顺应accumulation 积累，累积accuracy 准确度acenaphthene 二氢苊acene 并苯acentric 无着丝粒的acentric fragment 无着丝粒断片acentric ring 无着丝粒环acetal 缩醛acetaldehyde 乙醛acetalresin 缩醛树脂acetamidase 乙酰胺酶acetamide 乙酰胺acetate 乙酸盐acetic acid 乙酸，醋酸acetic acid bacteria 乙酸菌，醋酸菌acetic anhydride 乙酸酐acetification 乙酸化作用，醋化作用acetin 乙酸甘油酯，三乙酰甘油酯acetoacetic acid 乙酰乙酸Acetobacter 醋杆菌属acetogen 产乙酸菌acetogenic bacteria 产乙酸菌acetome body 酮体acetome powder 丙酮制粉[在-30度以下加丙酮制成的蛋白质匀浆物] acetomitrile 乙腈acetone 丙酮acetyl 乙酰基acetyl coenzyme A 乙酰辅酶Aacetylcholine 乙酰胆碱acetylcholine agonist 乙酰胆碱拮抗剂acetylcholine receptor 乙酰胆碱受体acetylcholinesterase 乙酰胆碱酯酶acetylene 乙炔acetylene reduction test 乙炔还原试验[检查生物体的固氮能力] acetylglucosaminidase 乙酰葡糖胺糖苷酶acetylglutamate synthetase 乙酰谷氨酸合成酶acetylsalicylate 乙酰水杨酸；乙酰水杨酸盐、酯、根acetylsalicylic acid 乙酰水杨酸acetylspiramycin 乙酰螺旋霉素AchE 乙酰胆碱酯酶achiral 非手性的acholeplasma 无胆甾原体AchR 乙酰胆碱受体achromatic 消色的；消色差的achromatic color 无色achromatic lens 消色差透镜achromatin 非染色质acid catalysis 酸催化acid fibroblast growth factor 酸性成纤维细胞生长因子acid fuchsin 酸性品红acid glycoprotein 酸性糖蛋白acid hydrolyzed casein 酸水解酪蛋白acid medium 酸性培养基acid mucopolysaccharide 酸性粘多糖acid phosphatase 酸性磷酸酶acid protease 酸性蛋白酶acid solvent 酸性溶剂acidic 酸性的acidic amino acid 酸性氨基酸acidic protein 酸性蛋白质[有时特指非组蛋白]acidic transactivator 酸性反式激活蛋白acidic transcription activator 酸性转录激活蛋白acidification 酸化（作用）acidifying 酸化（作用）acidolysis 酸解acidophilia 嗜酸性acidophilic bacteria 嗜酸菌acidophilous milk 酸奶aclacinomycin 阿克拉霉素acoelomata 无体腔动物acomitic acid 乌头酸aconitase 顺乌头酸酶aconitate 乌头酸；乌头酸盐、酯、根aconitine 乌头碱aconitum alkaloid 乌头属生物碱ACP 酰基载体蛋白acquired character 获得性状acquired immunity 获得性免疫acridine 吖啶acridine alkaloid 吖啶（类）生物碱acridine dye 吖啶燃料acridine orange 吖啶橙acridine yellow 吖啶黄acriflavine 吖啶黄素acroblast 原顶体acrocentric chromosome 近端着丝染色体acrolein 丙烯醛acrolein polymer 丙烯醛类聚合物acrolein resin 丙烯醛树脂acropetal translocation 向顶运输acrosin 顶体蛋白acrosomal protease 顶体蛋白酶acrosomal reaction 顶体反应acrosome 顶体acrosome reaction 顶体反应acrosomic granule 原顶体acrosyndesis 端部联会acrylamide 丙烯酰胺acrylate 丙烯酸酯、盐acrylic acid 丙烯酸acrylic polymer 丙烯酸（酯）类聚合物acrylic resin 丙烯酸（酯）类树脂acrylketone 丙烯酮acrylonitrile 丙烯腈actidione 放线（菌）酮[即环己酰亚胺]actin 肌动蛋白actin filament 肌动蛋白丝actinin 辅肌动蛋白[分为alfa、beta两种，beta蛋白即加帽蛋白]actinmicrofilament 肌动蛋白微丝actinometer 化学光度计actinomorphy 辐射对称[用于描述植物的花]actinomycetes 放线菌actinomycin D 放线菌素Dactinospectacin 放线壮观素，壮观霉素，奇霉素action 作用action current 动作电流action potential 动作电位action spectrum 动作光谱activated sludge 活性污泥activated support 活化支持体activating group 活化基团activating transcription factor 转录激活因子activation 激活；活化activation analysis 活化分析activation energy 活化能activator 激活物，激活剂，激活蛋白activator protein 激活蛋白active absorption 主动吸收active biomass 活生物质active carbon 活性碳active center 活性中心active chromatin 活性染色质active dry yeast 活性干酵母active dydrogen compounds 活性氢化合物active ester of amino acid 氨基酸的活化酯active hydrogen 活性氢active immunity 主动免疫active oxygen 活性氧active site 活性部位，活性中心active transport 主动转运active uptake 主动吸收activin 活化素[由垂体合成并由睾丸和卵巢分泌的性激素]activity 活性，活度，（放射性）活度actomyosin 肌动球蛋白actophorin 载肌动蛋白[一种肌动蛋白结合蛋白]acute 急性的acute infection 急性感染acute phase 急性期acute phase protein 急性期蛋白，急相蛋白acute phase reaction 急性期反应，急相反应[炎症反应急性期机体的防御反应] acute phase reactive protein 急性期反应蛋白，急相反应蛋白acute phase response 急性期反应，急相反应acute toxicity 急性毒性ACV 无环鸟苷acyclic nucleotide 无环核苷酸acycloguanosine 无环鸟苷，9-（2-羟乙氧甲基）鸟嘌呤acyclovir 无环鸟苷acyl 酰基acyl carrier protein 酰基载体蛋白acyl cation 酰（基）正离子acyl chloride 酰氯acyl CoA 脂酰辅酶Aacyl coenzyem A 脂酰辅酶Aacyl fluoride 酰氟acyl halide 酰卤acylamino acid 酰基氨基酸acylase 酰基转移酶acylating agent 酰化剂acylation 酰化acylazide 酰叠氮acylbromide 酰溴acyloin 偶姻acyltransferase 酰基转移酶adamantanamine 金刚烷胺[曾用作抗病毒剂]adamantane 金刚烷adaptability 适应性adaptation 适应adapter 衔接头；衔接子adapter protein 衔接蛋白质adaptin 衔接蛋白[衔接网格蛋白与其他蛋白的胞质区]adaptive behavior 适应性行为adaptive enzyme 适应酶adaptive molecule 衔接分子adaptive response 适应反应[大肠杆菌中的DNA修复系统]adaptor 衔接头；衔接子adaxial 近轴的addition 加成addition compound 加成化合物addition haploid 附加单倍体addition line 附加系additive 添加物，添加剂additive effect 加性效应additive genetic variance 加性遗传方差additive recombination 插入重组，加插重组[因DNA插入而引起的基因重组] addressin 地址素[选择蛋白(selectin)的寡糖配体，与淋巴细胞归巢有关] adducin 内收蛋白[一种细胞膜骨架蛋白，可与钙调蛋白结合]adduct 加合物，加成化合物adduct ion 加合离子adenine 腺嘌呤adenine arabinoside 啊糖腺苷adenine phosphoribosyltransferase 腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶adenoma 腺瘤adenosine 腺嘌呤核苷，腺苷adenosine deaminase 腺苷脱氨酶adenosine diphoshate 腺苷二磷酸adenosine monophosphate 腺苷（一磷）酸adenosine phosphosulfate 腺苷酰硫酸adenosine triphosphatase 腺苷三磷酸酶adenosine triphosphate 腺苷三磷酸adenovirus 腺病毒adenylate 腺苷酸；腺苷酸盐、酯、根adenylate cyclase 腺苷酸环化酶adenylate energy charge 腺苷酸能荷adenylate kinase 腺苷酸激酶adenylic acid 腺苷酸adenylyl cyclase 腺苷酸环化酶adenylylation 腺苷酰化adherence 粘着，粘附，粘连；贴壁adherent cell 贴壁细胞；粘着（性）细胞，粘附（性）细胞adherent culture 贴壁培养adhering junction 粘着连接adhesin 粘附素[如见于大肠杆菌]adhesion 吸附，结合，粘合；粘着，粘附，粘连adhesion factor 粘着因子，粘附因子adhesion molecule 粘着分子，粘附分子adhesion plaque 粘着斑adhesion protein 粘着蛋白，吸附蛋白adhesion receptor 粘着受体adhesion zone 粘着带[如见于细菌壁膜之间]adhesive 粘合剂，胶粘剂adhesive glycoprotein 粘着糖蛋白adipic acid 己二酸，肥酸adipocyte 脂肪细胞adipokinetic hormone 脂动激素[见于昆虫]adipose tissue 脂肪组织adjust [动]调节，调整；修正adjustable 可调的adjustable miropipettor 可调微量移液管adjustable spanner 活动扳手adjusted retention time 调整保留时间adjusted retention volume 调整保留体积adjuvant 佐剂adjuvant cytokine 佐剂细胞因子adjuvant peptide 佐剂肽adjuvanticity 佐剂（活）性adoptive immunity 过继免疫adoptive transfer 过继转移ADP ribosylation ADP核糖基化ADP ribosylation factor ADP核糖基化因子ADP ribosyltransferase ADP核糖基转移酶adrenal cortical hormone 肾上腺皮质(激)素adrenaline 肾上腺素adrenergic receptor 肾上腺素能受体adrenocepter 肾上腺素受体adrenocorticotropic hormone 促肾上腺皮质(激)素adrenodoxin 肾上腺皮质铁氧还蛋白adriamycin 阿霉素，亚德里亚霉素adsorbent 吸附剂adsorption 吸附adsorption catalysis 吸附催化adsorption center 吸附中心adsorption chromatography 吸附层析adsorption film 吸附膜adsorption isobar 吸附等压线adsorption isotherm 吸附等温线adsorption layer 吸附层adsorption potential 吸附电势adsorption precipitation 吸附沉淀adsorption quantity 吸附量adult diarrhea rotavirus 成人腹泻轮状病毒advanced glycosylation 高级糖基化advanced glycosylation end product 高级糖基化终产物adventitious 不定的，无定形的adverse effect 反效果，副作用aecidiospore 锈孢子，春孢子aeciospore 锈孢子，春孢子aequorin 水母蛋白，水母素aeration 通气aerator 加气仪，加气装置aerial mycelium 气生菌丝体aerobe 需氧菌[利用分子氧进行呼吸产能并维持正常生长繁殖的细菌] aerobic 需氧的aerobic bacteria 需氧（细）菌aerobic cultivation 需氧培养aerobic glycolysis 有氧酵解aerobic metabolism 有氧代谢aerobic respiration 需氧呼吸aerobic waste treatment 需氧废物处理aerobiosis 需氧生活aerogel 气凝胶aerogen 产气菌aerolysin 气单胞菌溶素Aeromonas 气单胞菌属aerosol 气溶胶aerosol gene delivery 气溶胶基因送递aerospray ionization 气喷射离子化作用aerotaxis 趋氧性[（细胞）随环境中氧浓度梯度进行定向运动]aerotolerant bacteria 耐氧菌[不受氧毒害的厌氧菌]aerotropism 向氧性aesculin 七叶苷，七叶灵aetiology 病原学afferent nerve 传入神经affinity 亲和，亲和性affinity adsorbent 亲和吸附剂affinity chromatography 亲和层析affinity coelectrophoresis 亲和共电泳[用于研究DNA结合蛋白]affinity column 亲和柱affinity coupling 亲和偶联affinity electron microscopy 亲和电镜（术）[用亲和配体包被铜网]affinity extraction 亲和提取，亲和萃取affinity filtration 亲和过滤affinity labeling 亲和标记affinity ligand 亲和配体affinity maturation 亲和力成熟[见于体液免疫系统的发育]affinity partitioning 亲和分配affinity precipitation 亲和沉淀affinity purification 亲和纯化（法）affinity tag （附加）亲和标记物aflatoxin 黄曲酶毒素agar 琼脂agar diffusion test 琼脂扩散试验agar gel 琼脂胶agar plate 琼脂平板agar slant 琼脂斜面[固化时斜放的，装有固体培养基的一种试管培养基；也指斜面培养基上生长出的菌苔]agarase 琼脂糖酶agarfitine 伞菌氨酸agaricin 蘑菇素agaricinic acid 蘑菇酸agaropectin 琼脂胶agarose 琼脂糖agarose gel 琼脂糖凝胶agarose gel electrophoresis 琼脂糖凝胶电泳agarose plate 琼脂糖平板age pigment 老年色素agent 剂；介质agglutination 凝集（作用）agglutinin 凝集素agglutinogen 凝集原aggrecan 聚集蛋白聚糖[来自软骨]aggregate 聚集体；凝聚体aggregation 聚集（作用）aggressin 攻击素[细菌分泌的一种有助于侵染宿主细胞的化学物质]aggressivity 攻击力aging 衰老，老化，陈化agitation 振荡，振摇，搅拌agitator 振荡器，搅拌器aglycone 苷元，糖苷配基agonist 兴奋剂，激动剂，刺激物；竞争剂；拮抗剂agranulocyte 无粒细胞agravitropism 无向重力性agretope [抗原]限制位[抗原上识别并结合二类主要组织相容性复合体的部位]agricultural alcohol 农产品（制）酒精agricultural waste 农业废物，农业垃圾agrin 集聚蛋白，集聚素[由运动神经分泌并可诱导肌纤维的乙酰胆碱酯酶和乙酰胆碱受体发生聚集]agrobacteriocin 农杆菌素，土壤杆菌素Agrobacterium 农杆菌属，土壤杆菌属Agrobacterium rhizogenes 毛根农杆菌，毛根土壤杆菌Agrobacterium tumefaciems 根癌农杆菌，根瘤土壤杆菌agrochemical 农用化学品[如除草剂，杀虫剂等]agrocin 农杆素[由某些农杆菌所产生并作用于另一些农杆菌的抗生素（不是蛋白质）] agrocinopine 农杆糖酯[一种糖磷酸二酯]agroinfection 农杆菌感染（法）agropine 农杆氨酸，农杆碱[见于毛根]agropinic acid 农杆鸟氨酸，鸟氨农杆碱[见于毛根]air bubble 气泡air drying 风干air filter 空气滤器air monitering 空气监测air peak 空气峰，气泡峰air sterilization 空气除菌airflow 气流airflow meter 气流计airflow moniter 气流显示器，气流监控仪airlift bioreactor 气升式生物反应器airlift fermentation 气升式发酵airlift fermentor 气升式发酵罐airlock 气锁akaryote 无核细胞akinetic chromosome 无着丝粒染色体akinetic fragment 无着丝粒断片akinetic inversion 无着丝粒倒位alamethicin 丙甲甘肽[来自绿色木酶的一种小肽，富含beta氨基异丁酸] alanine 丙氨酸alanine aminotransferase 丙氨酸转氨酶alarm 警报器，定时钟albinism 白化病albizziin 合欢氨酸，脲基丙氨酸albumin 白蛋白，清蛋白alcohol 醇；乙醇alcohol dehydrogenase 醇脱氢酶；乙醇脱氢酶alcoholic fermentation 生醇发酵aldehyde 醛；乙醛aldehyde dehydrogenase 醛脱氢酶aldehyde oxidase 醛氧化酶aldimine 醛亚胺alditol 糖醛aldol 羟醛aldol condensation 羟醛缩合aldolase 醛缩酶aldonic acid 醛糖酸aldose 醛糖aldosterome 醛固醇alduronic acid 糖醛酸aleurome 糊粉aleurome grain 糊粉粒aleurome layer 糊粉层alfalfa mosaic virus 苜蓿花叶病毒alga 藻类（单）algae 藻类algicide 杀藻剂algin 藻胶alginate 藻酸盐alginic acid 藻酸algocyan 藻蓝素algorithm 算法，公式alicyclic amine 脂肪胺alicyclic compound 脂环化合物alicyclic hydrocarbon 脂环烃alignment 顺序；排列；[序列]对比alimentary canal 消化管aliphatic 脂肪族的aliphatic amine alkaloid 脂（肪）族胺（类）生物碱aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物aliquot 小份，等份，等分部分alizarin 茜素alkali 碱，强碱alkali metal 碱金属alkaline 碱的，强碱的alkaline amino acid 碱性氨基酸alkaline denaturation 碱变性法alkaline earth metal 碱土金属alkaline gel electrophoresis 碱性凝胶电泳alkaline hydrolysis 碱水解（作用）alkaline lysis 碱裂解（法）alkaline phosphatase 碱性磷酸酶alkaline protein 碱性蛋白质alkaline reserve 碱储备[如血液中的碳酸氢钠]alkalization 碱化alkaloid 生物碱alkane 烷alkene 烯alkyl 烷基alkylating agent 烷化剂alkylation 烷（基）化alkyne 炔all or none 全或无all or nothing 全或无all transconfiguration 全反构型allantoic acid 尿囊酸allantoin 尿囊素allatostatin 咽侧体抑制素[抑制保幼激素的分泌]allatotropin 促咽侧体素[促进保幼激素的分泌]allele 等位基因allele linkage analysis 等位基因连锁反应allelic complement 等位（基因）互补allelic diversity 等位（基因）多样化allelic exclusion 等位（基因）排斥[一个杂合子表现其任一异型性状的现象，有时特指成熟的B细胞只产生一种抗体而其等位结构不表达]allelic inactivation 等位（基因）失活allelic inclusion 等位（基因）相容allelic replacement 等位（基因）置换allelic variation 等位（基因）变异allelism 等位性allelomorph 等位基因allelomorphism 等位性allelopathic substance 异柱克生物质，异种克生物质allelopathy 异柱克生（现象），异种克生（现象）allergen 变应原allergic 变应性的allergic disease 变应性疾病allergy 变态反应alloantibody 同种抗体alloantigen 同种抗原allodiploid 异源二倍体allodiploidy 异源二倍性allodiplomonosome 异源二倍单体allogenic antigen 同种异型抗原，同种异体抗原allograft 同种异体移植allograft rejection 同种异体移植排斥allogroup 同种异型组allohaploid 异源单倍体alloheteroploid 异源异倍体allophycocyanin 别藻蓝蛋白，别藻蓝素alloploid 异源倍体alloploidy 异源倍性allopolyhaploid 异源多倍单倍体allopolyploid 异源多倍体allopurinol 别嘌呤醇allopurinol nucleotide 别嘌呤醇核苷酸alloreactivity 同种异体反应性allorecognition 同种（异体）识别allose 阿洛糖allosome 异染色体allosteric activation 别构激活，别构活化allosteric activator 别构激活剂，别构活化剂allosteric control 别构调节allosteric effect 别构效应allosteric effector 别构剂allosteric enzyme 别构酶allosteric inbibition 别构抑制allosteric inbibitor 别构抑制剂allosteric interaction 别构作用allosteric ligand 别构配体allosteric protein 别构蛋白allosteric regulation 别构调节allosteric site 别构部位allosteric transition 别构转换[由别构剂所引起的蛋白质构象变化] allosterism 别构，变构allostery 别构性allosynapsis 异源联会allotope 同种异型位allotrope 同素异形体allotrtraploid 异源四倍体allotype 同种异型allotypic antigen 同种异型抗原allotypic determinant 同种异型决定簇allotypic marker 同种异型标记allotypy 同种异型性alloxan 四氧嘧啶allozyme 同种异型酶allyl 烯丙基allyl resin 烯丙基树脂allysine 醛（基）赖氨酸alphavirus 甲病毒属[属于披膜病毒科]alternate segregation 相间分离alternating copolymer 交替共聚物alternating copolymerization 交替共聚合alternation of generations 世代交替alternative 另一种的，交替的，备择的alternative complement pathway 补体旁路alternative pathway of complement 补体旁路（途径）alternative polyadenylation 可变聚腺苷酸化alternative RNA processing 可变RNA加工alternative RNA splicing 可变RNA剪接，旁路RNA剪接alternative splicing 可变剪接，旁路剪接alternative splicing factor 可变剪接因子alternative transcription 可变转录alternative transcription initiation 可变转录起始alternatively spliced mRNA 可变剪接的mRNAaltrose 阿卓糖Alu family Alu家族alum 矾，明矾aluminia 氧化铝，矾土alveolar gas exchange 肺泡气体交换alveolar surfactant 肺泡表面活性物质alytensin 产婆蟾（紧张）肽Alzheimer disease 阿尔茨海默病，老年性痴呆amaerobic 厌氧的amalgam 汞齐amalgam electrode 汞齐电极amanin 鹅膏素amanitine 鹅膏毒环肽amantadine 金刚胺amanullin 鹅膏无毒环肽amaryllidaceae alkaloid 石蒜科生物碱amastatin 氨肽酶抑制剂，抑氨肽酶肽amatoxin 鹅膏毒素amber codon 琥珀密码子[即UAA终止密码子]amber mutant 琥珀突变体，琥珀突变型amber mutation 琥珀突变amber suppression 琥珀抑制amber suppressor 琥珀（突变）抑制基因，琥珀（突变）抑制因子Amberlite resin [商]Amberlite树脂，琥石树脂[Rohm&Haas公司离子交换树脂的商品名]ambident 两可的ambident ion 两可离子ambient 周围的ambient temperature 环境温度，室温ambiguous codon 多义密码子ambisense 双义ambisense genome 双义基因组ambisense RNA 双义RNA[同时编码蛋白质的病毒正链与负链RNA]amboceper 双纳体[既有绵羊红细胞结合位点又有补体结合位点的抗体]ambutyrosin 氨丁苷菌素amensalism 偏害共栖American Type Culture Collection 美国模式培养物保藏所amerol 杀草强，氨基三唑Ames test 埃姆斯试验amethopterin 氨甲蝶呤amicetin 友菌素amicillin resistance 氨苄青霉素抗性amidase 酰胺酶amidated peptide 酰胺（化）肽amide 酰胺amidine 脒amido black 酰胺黑[可用于蛋白质SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶的染色]amido bond 酰胺键amido link 酰胺键amido linkage 酰胺键amidomycin 胺霉素amidotrizoate 3,5-双乙酰氨基-2,4,6-三碘苯甲酸盐amiloride 氨氯吡嗪脒[利尿药]amination 氨基化amine 胺amine bormones 胺类激素amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation system 胺前体摄取（和）脱羧系统，APUD 系统[可提取胺前体并进行脱羧而产生肽类或活性胺的细胞系统]amine transporter 胺转运蛋白Aminex resin [商]Aminex树脂[Bio-Rad公司离子交换树脂的商品名，一类HPLC级球形介质，是带功能基的苯乙烯—二乙烯苯共聚物]amino 氨基amino acid arm 氨基酸臂[位于tRNA上]amino acid frequency 氨基酸（使用）频率amino acid preference 氨基酸偏爱性amino acid residue 氨基酸残基amino acid residue contact 氨基酸残基接触（面）amino acid transport 氨基酸转运amino acid transporter 氨基酸转运蛋白amino acid usage 氨基酸使用amino alkyl indole 氨烷基吲哚amino alkyl phosphoramidite 氨烷基亚磷酰胺amino nigrogen 氨基氮aminoacyl 氨酰基aminoacyl esterase 氨酰酯酶aminoacyl phosphatidylglycerol 氨酰磷脂酰甘油aminoacyl site 氨酰基位aminoacyl tRNA 氨酰tRNAaminoacylation 氨酰化aminobenzoic acid 氨基苯甲酸aminocephalosporinic acid 氨基头孢菌酸aminoethyl 氨乙基aminoethyl mercaptan 氨乙基硫醇，巯基乙胺aminoglucose 氨基葡糖aminoglycoside antibiotics 氨基糖苷（类）抗生素aminoglycoside phosphotransferase 氨基糖苷磷酸转移酶aminoguanidine 氨基胍aminolink 氨基连接臂[例如附于合成寡核苷酸的5'端，便于与其他配体偶联]aminolysis 氨解aminomycin 氨基霉素，缬氨霉素aminooimidazole 氨基咪唑aminopenicillanic acid 氨基青酶烷酸aminopeptidase 氨肽酶aminophylline 氨茶碱aminopterin 氨基蝶呤aminopurine 氨基嘌呤aminotransferase 氨基转移酶，转氨酶aminotriazole 氨基三唑，杀草强amiodarone 乙胺碘呋酮amitosis 无丝分裂amixis 无融合ammonia 氨ammonification 氨化（作用）ammonio 铵基ammonium 铵ammonium acetate 乙酸铵ammonium hydroxide 氢氧化铵，氨水ammonium persulfate 过硫酸氨ammonium sulfate 硫酸铵ammonium sulfate fractionation 硫酸铵分级分离ammonium sulfate precipitation 硫酸铵沉淀ammonotelism 排氨型代谢amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺（术）amnion 羊膜amniota 羊膜动物amoeba 变形虫，阿米巴amoeboid movement 变形运动amorphous material 无定形物，非晶态amphi position 远位amphiastral mitosis 双星有丝分裂amphibia 两栖纲amphibivalent 双二价体amphibolic pathway 两用代谢途径[即可用于代谢物分解又可用于合成] amphidiploid 双二倍体amphidiploidy 双二倍性amphigenesis 两性生殖amphiglycan 双栖蛋白聚糖[同时见于上皮及成纤维细胞] amphihaploidy 双倍体amphimixix 两性融合amphion 两性离子amphipathic 两亲的amphipathicity 两亲性amphipathy 两亲性amphiphilic 两亲的amphiphilicity 两亲性[一个分子中一部分亲水，另一部分疏水] amphipolyploid 双多倍体amphipolyploidy 双多倍性amphiprotic 两性的amphiregulin 双调蛋白[与EGF家族同源的一种双功能生长调节蛋白]amphitrophy 兼性营养amphivalency 异配现象[用于配位化学]ampholine [商]两性电解质Ampholine[Pharmacia公司商品，可用于等电聚焦]ampholyte 两性物，两性电解质ampholytoid 两性胶体amphoteric character 兼性性质amphoteric characteristics 兼性性质[兼有酸碱性或正负电贺]amphoteric colloid 兼性胶体amphoteric emulsifier 兼性乳化剂，两性乳化剂amphoteric ion 兼性离子amphotericin 两性霉素amphoterics 兼性表面活性剂amphotropic retrovirus 兼嗜性逆转录病毒，双嗜性逆转录病毒[既能在宿主细胞又能在异种细胞上引起产毒性感染]ampicillin 氨苄青霉素amplicon 扩增子amplification 扩增amplimer 扩增引物ampoule 安瓿瓶amycin 阿霉素amygdalin 扁桃苷，苦杏仁苷amylase 淀粉酶[包括糖化酶和麦芽糖化酶]amylin 糊精amylo process 阿明露法，淀粉发酵法，霉菌糖化法[由根酶及酵母菌同时生长糖化，发酵生产酒精]amylodextrin 极限糊精amyloglucosidase 淀粉葡糖苷酶amyloid protein precursor 淀粉样蛋白前体amyloid ring 淀粉质环amylolytic activity 淀粉分解活性amylopectin 支链淀粉amyloplast 造粉（质）体amyloplastid 造粉粒amylose 直链淀粉anabolism 合成代谢anaerobe 厌氧菌[缺乏超氧化物岐化酶，须在无氧或低氧化还原电势的条件下才能正常生长繁殖的微生物]anaerobic bacteria 厌氧细菌anaerobic chamber 厌氧培养室anaerobic contact digestor 厌氧接触（型）消化器anaerobic cultivation 厌氧培养anaerobic digestion 厌氧消化anaerobic fermentation 厌氧发酵anaerobic filter system 厌氧过滤系统anaerobic membrane bioreactor 厌氧膜生物反应器anaerobiosis 厌氧生活，无氧生活anaerogen 不产气菌anaeroic digestor 厌氧消化器analgesic 止痛药analgesis 镇痛analog 类似物analogous 类似的，模拟的analogous organ 同功器官analogous protein 类似蛋白质[有时特指由趋同进化而产生的相似蛋白] analogue 类似物analogy 模拟，类似analogy model 模拟模型analyte 分析物analytical 分析的analytical chromatography 分析型层析analytical column 分析柱analytical reagent 分析纯试剂anaphase [细胞分裂]后期anaphylactic 过敏性的anaphylactic reaction 过敏反应anaphylatoxin 过敏毒素anaphylaxis 过敏性，过敏（反应）anaplerotic reaction 添补反应anastral mitosis 无星有丝分裂ancestor 祖先，始祖ancestry 祖先，始祖anchimeric assistance 邻助作用anchor 锚anchor catalyst 锚定催化剂anchor primer 锚定引物anchorage 固着，锚定anchored PCR 锚式聚合酶链（式）反应，锚式PCRanchorin 锚定蛋白anchoring 锚着，锚定ancovenin 血管紧张肽转化酶抑制肽androcyte 雄（母）细胞androecium 雄蕊群androgamete 雄配子androgen 雄激素androgen binding protein 雄激素结合蛋白androgenesis 孤雄发育，单雄生殖，雄核发育androgenetic parthenogenesis 产雄孤雌生殖androgonium 雄原细胞androgynism 雌雄同柱，雌雄同体andromedotoxin 梫木毒素andrometoxin 雄核卵块发育androplasm 雄质androsome 限雄染色体androspore 产雄孢子；小孢子androsterone 雄酮anemia 贫血anemoentomophily 风虫媒anemophilous flower 风媒花anemophilous plant 风媒植物anemophilous pollination 风媒传粉anemophily 风媒anergy 无反应性[用于细胞免疫学] anesthesia 麻醉aneucentric chromosome 非单着丝粒染色体aneuhaploid 非整倍单倍体aneuhaploidy 非整倍单倍性aneuploid 非整倍性aneuploid cell line 非整倍体细胞系aneuploidy 非整倍性angiogenesis factor 血管生成因子angiogenin 血管生成素angioplasty 血管成形术[可用于基因转移] angiosperm 被子植物angiotensin 血管紧张肽angiotensinase 血管紧张肽酶angiotensinogen 血管紧张肽原angle rotor 角转头angstrom 埃anguidin 蛇形毒素angular methyl 角甲基anhydrase 脱水酶anhydride 酸酐anhydrous 无水的anhydrous acetonitrile 无水乙腈aniline 苯胺aniline blue 苯胺蓝animal cell line 动物细胞系anion 阴离子anion base 阴离子碱anion channel 阴离子通道anion respiration 阴离子呼吸anionic acid 阴离子酸anionic detergent 阴离子（型）去污剂anisodamine 山莨菪anisodine 樟柳碱anisogamete 异型配子anisogamy 异配生殖anisol 苯甲醚anisomorphic DNA 异形DNAanisomycin 茴香霉素anisopolyploid 奇（数）多倍体anisospore 异形孢子anisotropic 各向异性的anisotropic membrane 各向异性膜anisotropy 各向异性[物理参数随方向的变化而变化]anitbacterial immunization 抗（细）菌免疫ankyrin 锚蛋白ankyrin repeat 锚蛋白重复序列anlage 原基annealing 退火Annelita 环节动物门annexin 膜联蛋白[一类被钙离子活化后可与膜磷脂结合的蛋白，参与膜转运及膜表面其他一系列依赖于钙调蛋白的活动，分为I II III等多种。

(完整版)常用生物学专业英语词汇

(完整版)常用生物学专业英语词汇Aabdomen 腹部abdominal 腹部的abiotic 非生物的abnormal 反常的，变态的abscisic 脱落酸abscission 脱落absorb 吸收（水、热、光等) absorption spectrum 吸收光谱，吸收谱absorption 吸收作用abut 连接accelerate 加速,加快acceptable 可接受的acceptor 受体acetate 醋酸盐;醋酸根acetone 丙酮acetyl 乙酰基acorn 橡树子acquire［o’kwaio)uJ．获得，取得．actin 肌动蛋白actinomycinD 放线菌素D activation 活化；激活activationenergy 活化能active site 活性中心active 主动的；活性的adapt 使适应,改编适应adaptin 衔接蛋白adaptive radiation 适应辐射adenine 腺嘌呤adenosine 腺嘌呤核苷adenosyl 腺苷的adenovirus 腺病毒adhering junctings 粘着连接adhesion 粘着；附着adipose 脂肪多的adjacent 毗邻的adjust 调节，调整；校正admit 让……进入adolescent 青少年adrenal肾上腺的，肾上腺adulthood 成年affinity 亲和；吸引agar 琼脂，洋菜agarose 琼脂糖agency 媒介agent 剂aggregate 聚合体Agrobacterium tumefaciens 根癌农杆菌airborne 空气传播的alanine 丙氨酸albino 白化体albumin 白蛋白，清蛋白aldosterone 醛固酮，醛甾酮allcviate 减轻；缓和allelc 等位基因allele 等位基因突变遗传因子allosteric modification 别构修饰allosteric 别构的aloft 向上Alzheimer’s disease 阿尔茨海默氏病amino 氨基的～acid氨基酸aminocyclopropylcarboxylic氨基环丙烷羧酸aminopeptidase 氨基肽酶amnion 羊膜amoeboid 阿米巴样的amphibian 两栖动物amphipathic 两亲的两性的amphiploid 双倍体amplify 扩增amylase 淀粉酶anaerobic 厌氧的anal 肛门的,臀的analogous 机能相似的，同功的analysis 分析，分解analyze 分析anaphase （细胞分裂的）后期anaphase—promoting complex,APC 促后期复合物anarogen 雄激素anatomy 解剖学ancestor 祖先ancient 古老（的生物) 古老的anemia 贫血（症) 局部缺血angiosperm 被子植物anionic 阴离子的antagonistic 对抗性的antagonize 对抗；中和antennae 触角anterior 前的anther 花药anticodon 反密码子antidiuretiC 抗利尿的抗利尿anus 肛门anus 肛门aorta 主动脉apex （复）apices 顶，顶点apparatus 体；器官;装置appendicitis 阑尾炎appendix 阑尾appetlte 食欲，胃口appreciable 可估计的appropriate 适当的approximately 近似地,大约archaebacteria 古细菌archaic 古代的arterial 动脉的arteriole 小动脉artery 动脉arthritis 关节炎artificial chromosome 人工染色体aspartic 天冬氨酸astrocyte 星形(神经胶质），细胞asymmetric 不对称的atmosphere 大气层，大气圈atrium 心房autocatalytic 自动催化的autonomic neuron 自主神经元autonomously replicatingsequence ARS 自主复制起序列autophagy 自噬作用axon 轴突axoplasm 轴浆Bbacillus 杆菌bacteria 细菌bacterial artificialchromosome， BAC 细菌人工染色体bacteriophage 噬菌体bacterium 细菌basal cell carcinoma 基层细(完整版)常用生物学专业英语词汇胞癌base 碱基basement membrane 基膜bicarbonate 碳酸氢盐bilateral symmetry 两侧对称bilayer 双层binal 双重的，两倍的,孪生的binding 结合位点binomial 双名的biochemical 生物化学的biogeography 生物地理学biology 生物学biotechnology 生物技术biotic 生物的bipedal 两足动物的bipolar 双极的blastocoele 囊胚腔blastoderm 胚盘blastomere 卵裂球blastula 囊胚blister水疱，疱blood pressure 血压blood-clotting 凝血boron 硼botanist 植物学家botanist 植物学家boulder 巨砾，圆石bounce 跳起breeze 微风bryophytes 苔藓类植物bud 芽buffer 缓冲,缓冲剂bulb 鳞茎bulky 泡状bumble 犯大错bump 碰,撞bundle 维管束bunting 巫鸟buoyancy 浮力buoyant 有浮力的butanol 丁醇Ccaecilian 无足类caffeine 咖啡因cambium 形成层Cambrian 寒武纪cancerous 癌的capillary bed 毛细血管床capillary 毛细血管capsid (病毒)衣壳carbohydrate 碳水化合物，糖类carbonate 碳酸盐carboxy 羧基carboxylation 羧化作用carboxypeptidase 羧肽酶carcinogen 致癌剂carcinoma 癌cardiovascular 心血管的carotenoid 类胡萝卜素carotid 颈动脉的carpel 心皮catalyze 催化catecholamine 儿茶酚胺cateract 白内障cell secretion细胞分泌cell wall 细胞壁cellulose 纤维素,植物纤维物质Cenozoic 新生代centiped 少足类central dogma 中心法则central vacuole 中央液泡centrifuge 离心机centriole 中心粒centromere 着丝粒,着丝点centromeric sequence CEN 着丝粒序列cephalization 头部形成cerebellum 小脑cerebral 大脑的champion 拥护者channel通道,管道chemotaxis 趋化性chlorine 氯，氯气chlorofluorocarbon 含氯氟烃chlorophyll 叶绿素chlorophyllase 叶绿素酶chloroplast 叶绿体chloroquine 氯奎choke 窒息，噎cholesterol 胆固醇chordate 脊索动物chorion 绒毛膜chromatid 染色单体chromatin 染色质chromatography 层析chromosome 染色体chylomicron 乳糜小滴chyme 食糜chymotripisn 糜蛋白酶chysophyte 金藻chytrids 壶菌cicada 蝉ciliated 具纤毛的Ciliophora 纤毛门circadian 全天的circulate 循环，环流circumstance 环境cis-acting element 顺式作用元件cis-Golgi network, CGN 高尔基内侧网络cistron 顺反子citric 柠檬的clathrin-coated vesicle 披网格蛋白小泡cleavage 卵裂,细胞分裂cleave 分开clone 克隆，无性系clot 凝块cloverleaf 三叶草club fungi 珊瑚菌担子菌（Basidiomycetes)coccus 球菌coccyx 尾骶骨的尾骨code 密码coelom 体腔coenzyme 辅酶coexist 共存coherent 粘着的，连贯的coil 卷，盘绕coincidence 巧合coleoptile 胚芽鞘collagen 骨胶原，成胶质collateral 侧支collenchyma 厚角组织commensalisms 共栖，共生competitive inhibitor 竞争性抵制剂complementary 互补的，补充的concentration 浓度connective tissue 结缔组织(完整版)常用生物学专业英语词汇constitutive enzyme 组成酶Constitutive secretory pathway 组成型分泌途径contaminant 沾染物contour 轮廓,外形contractile 可收缩的contraction 收缩convulsion 惊厥coolant 冷却剂COPII coated vesicles COPII被膜小泡COPI coated vesicles COPI被膜小泡copulate 交配cord 索cork 皮层，木栓cornea 角膜cortex 皮质corticosteroid 皮质甾类cortisol 肾上腺皮质索cotyledon 子叶cotyledonary 子叶的counterpart 副本，复本covalence 共价covalent bond 共价键covalent 共价covering 覆盖cranial nerves 脑神经cranial 脑的crawl 蠕动creature 生物crenate 圆齿状的crest 达到顶点cretaceous 白垩纪的crevice 裂缝crispnsee 脆，鲜嫩cristae 嵴（拉）crossing over 遗传物质的交换cross—linked 交联的crustacea 浮游甲壳动物crustacean 甲壳动物crystalline 结晶的culture 培养，栽培cushione 缓冲缓和cuticle 表皮，角质层cutin 角质cyanobacteria 蓝细菌cyclin 细胞周期蛋白cyclin-dependent proteinkinases, CDK 细胞周期依赖性蛋白激酶cytochrome 细胞色素cytokinin 细胞分裂素cytomembrane systeme 膜系统cytoplasm 细胞质cytosine 胞嘧啶cytoskeleton 细胞骨架cytosol 胞液，细胞溶质Ddaughter chromosome 子染色体debris 碎片decipher 破译decomposer 分解者degenerate 变性degrade 使降解deletion 染色体的缺失denaturation 变性dendrite 树突deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic 脱氧核糖核酸的deoxyribose 脱氧核糖deposition 沉积作用deprive 剥夺deprive 夺去derevative 衍生物desensitization脱敏现象，减感作用detergent 去垢剂deuterostome 后口动物development 发育，发展dextran 葡聚糖dialysis 透析，渗析diaphragm 横隔膜diastolic 心脏舒张的diatom 硅藻differential centrifugation差速离心differentiation 分化diffraction 衍射diffusion 扩散，渗滤digestive tract 消化道dihybrid 双因子杂种dilute 稀释dimensional 维,度，元dimer 二聚体dioxide 二氧化物dip 浸，蘸dipeptide 二肽diploid 二倍体的distort 变形，扭曲distortion 畸变，变形，失真divergence 分歧diverse vesicle 消化泡diversity 多样性，差异Docking protein， DP 停泊蛋白dodecyl 十二烷基dominant 显性的，显性性状donor 供体dormant 休眠的dorsal 背面的dorsal root ganglion 背根神经节dorsal 背部的double helix 双螺旋duodenum 十二指肠duplicate 复制dynamic 动力学的，动态的dyneins 动力蛋白dysentery 痢疾Eearlobe 耳垂earthworm 蚯蚓echinoderm 棘皮动物ecological 生态学的ecosystem 生态系统ectoderm 外胚层ectotherm 冷血动物edoplasmic reticulum 内质网effector 效应器efferent 传出的egg 蛋，卵egg-laying mammals 卵生哺乳动物egret 白鹭，冠毛eject 排斥,逐出elaborate 精细制作的，复杂的elastic connective tissue 弹(完整版)常用生物学专业英语词汇力结缔组织elastin 弹性蛋白electron 电子electrophoresis 电泳embryo 胚,胚胎embryogenesis 胚胎发生embryology 胚胎学embryonic 胚胎的emulsion 乳状液encephalitis 脑炎encode 编码endocrine 内分泌endocytic 细胞内吞作用endocytosis 胞吞作用endoderm 内胚层endomembrane systems 内膜系统endoplasmic 内质的endoplasmic reticulum内质网endosome 内体endosperm胚乳endosymbiosis 内共生endothelial 内皮的endotherm 热血动物enucleate 去…。

生物学专业英语词汇（M）_生物化学英语词汇

macchia 马基群落macerating enzyme 组织浸解酶maceration 浸渍machine milking 机品乳mackerel 鲭macroanalysis 常量分析macrobiotic 长命的macroblast 巨成红细胞macrochromosome 大染色体macroclimate 大气候macroconidium 大分生孢子macrocyst 大包囊macrocyte 巨红血球macroelement 常量元素macroergic compound 高能量化合物macroevolution 宏观进化macrofauna 大型动物区系macroflora 大型植物区系macrogamete 大配子macrogamy 整体配合macroglobulin 巨球蛋白macrolymphocyte 大淋巴细胞macromere 大裂球macromesenterium 大隔膜macromesentery 大隔膜macromutation 大突变macronucleus 大核macrophage 巨噬细胞macrophage activating factor 巨噬细胞活化因素macrophage aggregating factor 巨噬细胞凝集因子macrophage chemotactic fator 巨噬钳因子macrophage system 巨噬细胞系macrophyll 大型叶macroplankton 大型浮游生物macrosclere 大骨针macroscopic 肉眼的macroscopical 肉眼的macrospheric form 大球型macrospheric generation 大球世代macrosporangium 大孢子囊macrospore 大孢子macrosporogenesis 大孢子发生macrosporophyll 大孢子叶macrura 长尾类macular lutea 黄斑mad cow disease 狂牛病madreporic canal 石管madreporic plate 穿孔板madreporite 穿孔板magenta 品红maggot 蛆magnesium 镤magnetic bacteria 磁性细菌magnetic field 磁场magnetic stirrer 磁力搅拌器magnetic storm 磁气暴风magnetic vibration 磁振动magnetobiology 磁生物学magnetotactic bacterium 桥性细菌magnetotropism 向磁性运动magnifying glass 放大镜magnolia 木兰magpie 喜鹊main axis 轴main crop 诛main lead 挚main root 柱main vein 嘱maintenance heat 维持热maize 玉蜀黍maize husks 玉蜀黍的包皮major element 常量元素major gene 柱因major mutation 大突变major spiral 大螺旋malacology 软体动物学malacozoology 软体动物学malady 疾病malagasy subregion 马尔加什亚区malar bone 颧骨malaria 疟malaria mosquito 疟蚊malate dehyrogenase 苹果酸酶male 雄性的male egg 雄卵male flower 雄花male hormone 雄激素male intersex 雄性间性male line 雄性系male line of breeding 雄性系male nucleus 雄核male parent 父本male phase 雄相male pronucleus 雄前核male receptacle 雄菩male sterile line 雄性不育系maleate 顺丁烯二酸maleic acid 马来酸maleness 雄性malformation 畸形malic acid 苹甲酸malic dehydrogenase 苹果酸脱氢酶malic enzyme 苹果酸酶malignant edema 恶性浮肿malignant oedema 恶性浮肿malleus 锤骨malnutrition 营养不良malonic acid 丙二酸malonyl 丙二酰malpighian body 肾小体malpighian layer 马尔比基氏层malpighian tube 马尔比基氏管malpighian tubule 马尔比基氏管malt 麦芽malt extract 麦芽提取物malt sugar 麦芽糖maltase 麦芽糖酶maltodextrin 麦芽糊精maltose 麦芽糖mamilla 乳头mamma carcinoma 乳癌mamma lacteal gland 乳腺mammalia 哺乳类mammalogy 哺乳动物学mammals 哺乳类mammary cancer 乳癌mammary gland 乳腺mammary tumour virus 乳癌病毒mammogen 乳腺发育腺素mammogenic hormone 乳腺发育腺素mammoth tree 巨杉mammotrophic hormone 催乳激素mammotrophin 催乳激素mammotropin 催乳激素man 人man like ape 类人猿manchette 上位菌环mandible 上颚mandibular arch 下颌弓mandibular gland 上颚腺manganese 锰mange 痂mange mite 疥癣虫mangrove 红手manifestation 特枕示manila hemp 蕉麻manioc 木薯manipulation 操作manipulator 操作mannan 甘露聚糖mannase 甘露聚糖酶mannite 甘露醇mannitol 甘露醇mannose 甘露糖manometer 压力计manometry 测压法mantle 套膜mantle cavity 套腔mantle eye 外套眼mantle groove 套沟mantle line 套线manubrium 口柄manure 肥料manure unity 堆肥单位manurial experiment 施肥试验manuring 施肥manuring requirement 要求施肥map 地图map distance 地图距离map unit 图单位maple 槭mapping 编图mapping of chromosomes 染色体准mapping of vegetation 植被准marcescent 诞的margin 边界marginal analysis 限界值分析marginal cell 缘细胞marginal growth 边缘生长marginal lappet 缘瓣marginal lobe 缘瓣marginal lobe organ 缘瓣瀑marginal sinus 缘窦marine algae 海藻类marine bacteriophage 海洋噬菌体marine biology 海洋生物学marine biotechnology 海洋生物工程marine ecology 海洋生态学marine fauna 海洋动物群marine flora 海洋植物群marine laboratory 海洋实验室marine plankton 海洋浮游生物marine plankton ecology 海洋浮游生态学marine products 海产marine sediment 海洋沉积物maritime climate 海岸气候mark 标记mark of distinction 分别标记marker 标志marker gene 标志基因marking and recapture method 标记重捕法marmot 土拨鼠marrow 骨髓marrow brain 末脑marrow cavity 骨髓腔marrow cell 骨髓细胞marrow sheath 髓鞘marrowbrain 末脑marsh plants 沼生植物marshy 有沼泽的marsupial bone 袋骨marsupials 有袋类marsupium 袋状雌弃marten 貂masculine 雄性的masculine uterus 雄性子宫masculinism 男性化masculinity 雄性masking 隐蔽mass culture 大量培养mass mutation 大量突变mass pollination 混合授粉mass selection 混合选择mass spectrum 质谱masseter 咬肌mast cell 肥大细胞mastax 肌胃master factor 知因素mastication 咀嚼masticatory stomach 肌胃mastigophores 鞭毛虫类mastitis 乳腺炎mastocarcinoma 乳癌mastocyte 肥大细胞mastoid process 乳头状突起mate 配偶体mate killer 接合致死者mateinate 有边的maternal 母的maternal effect 母性效应maternal inheritance 母体遗传maternal instinct 母性本能maternal quality 母性的才能maternity 母性mating 交尾mating behavior 交尾行为mating call 交尾叫mating pair 接合对mating partner 配偶体mating season 交尾季节mating time 交尾季节mating type 接合型matrix 胞间质matrix bridge 基质桥matroclinal inheritance 偏母遗传matroclinous haploid 偏母单倍体matrocliny 偏母现象maturase 成熟酶maturation 成熟maturation division 成熟分裂maturation phase 成熟期mature embryo 成熟胚maw worm 蛔虫maxam gilbert method 马克萨姆吉利别尔特法maxicell 大型细胞maxilla 上颌骨maxillary bone 上颌骨maxillary fossa 犬齿窝maxillary gland 下颚腺maxillary palp 下颚须maxillary palpus 下颚须maxillipede 颚足maximum dose 极量maximum reaction velocity 最大反应速度maximum yield 最高收获量may bug 五月虫maze learning 迷宫学习mbryonic ectoderm 胚外外胚层mcf 巨噬钳因子meadow 草地meadow weeds 草地杂草mean 平均值mean deviation 平均偏差mean life 平均寿命mean temperature 平均温度measuration 测量measurement 测量measuring 测量measuring device 测量仪表meat 肉meat extract 肉汁mechanical isolation 机械隔离mechanical tissue 支持组织mechanics of development 发育机制学mechanism 机械论mechanistic view of life 机械论mechanomorphosis 机械变态mechanoreceptor 机械感受器mechanosensitive channel 机械感应通路media 中脉medial vein 中脉median 中位数median eye 中眼median lethal dose 半数致死量median plane 正中面mediastinum 纵隔mediator 病媒动物medicinal herb 药草medicinal plant 药用植物medicine 药mediterranean region 地中海地域medium 介质medium component 培养基成分medulla 骨髓medulla oblongata 延髓medulla spinalis 脊髓medullary 脊髓的medullary canal 髓管medullary cell 骨髓细胞medullary fold 髓褶medullary groove 髓沟medullary ray 髓射线medullary ray cell 髓射线细胞medullary sheath 髓鞘medullary space 骨髓腔medullary substance 髓质medullary tube 神经管medulloblast 神经管胚细胞medusa 水母medusoid 水母megabacterium 巨型细菌megacoccus 巨型球菌megagamete 大配子megakaryocyte 巨核细胞megalecithal egg 多黄卵megaloblast 巨成红细胞megalocarpous 大果实的megalocyte 巨红细胞megalokaryocyte 巨核细胞megalopa 大眼幼体megaphanerophyte 大高位芽植物megasclere 大骨针megasporangium 大孢子囊megaspore 大孢子megasporocyte 大孢子母细胞megasporophyll 大孢子叶megatherm 高温植物megatherm plant 高温植物megatrophic plant 富养植物meibomian gland 睑板腺meiocyte 性母细胞meiosis 减数分裂meiospore 减数胞子meiotic apogamy 减数分裂无配子生殖meiotic division 减数分裂meiotic drive 减数分裂驱动meiotic mitosis 减数有丝分裂meissner plexus 麦斯纳氏丛meissner's tactile corpuscule 麦斯纳氏小体melanin 黑色素melanism 黑化型melanoblast 成黑素细胞melanocarcinoma 黑癌melanocyte 黑素细胞melanocyte stimulating hormone 促黑激素melanogen 黑素原melanophore 黑素细胞melanophore hormone 黑素细胞激素melanosome 黑素体melanospermous 黑种子的melanotic cancer 黑癌melanotonin 褪黑激素melanotropin 促黑激素melatonin 褪黑激素melibiose 蜜二糖酶meliot 草木犀melitose 棉子糖melitriose 棉子糖melliferous plant 生蜜植物mellowing 成熟melon 甜公melt 融解melting of dna dna 融解melting point 熔点members 肢membrane 膜membrane bone 膜骨membrane bound enzyme 膜结合酶membrane capacity 膜容量membrane electrode 膜电极membrane fussion 膜聚合membrane potential 膜电位membrane transport 膜输送membranella 小膜membranous filter 膜滤器membranous labyrinth 膜迷路memory cell 记忆细胞menadione 2 甲萘醌mendel's first law 孟德尔第一定律mendel's second law 孟德尔第二定律mendel's third law 孟德尔第三定律mendelian factor 孟德尔基因mendelian gene 孟德尔基因mendelian inheritance 孟德尔遗传mendelian population 孟德尔式集团mendelism 孟德尔遗传说meninx 脑膜meniscocyte 镰状细胞menotaxis 停留窃menstrual hemorrhage 月经menthol 薄荷醇mentor method 蒙导法mercaptan 硫醇mercapturic acid 硫醇尿酸mercuric ion resistance 汞离子抗性mercury 汞mericarp 双悬果mericlinal chimera 周缘区分嵌合体mericlone 分生组织克隆meridional canal 子午管meridional cleavage 经裂meristele 分体中柱meristem 分生组织meristem culture 分生组织培养meristematic tissue 分生组织meroblastic cleavage 部分卵裂merocrine gland 局泌腺merocyte 剩余精核merodiploid 部分二倍体merogamy 小体配合merogony 卵片发育meromixis 部分融合meromorphosis 部分再生meromyosin 酶解肌球蛋白meropodite 长节merosporangium 柱孢子囊merozoite 裂殖子merozygote 部分接合子merus 长节mesarch 中始式mesectoderm 中外层mesencephalon 中脑mesenchyma 间质mesenchyme 间质mesenterial filament 隔膜丝mesenteric artery 肠系膜动脉mesenteric vein 肠系膜静脉mesenterium 肠系膜mesenteron 中肠mesentery 隔膜mesoblast 中胚层mesoblastic somite 中胚层体节mesocardium 心系膜mesocarp 中果皮mesocoel 中脑腔mesocotyl 中胚轴mesoderm 中胚层mesodermal band 中胚层带mesodermalizing agent 中胚层化因素mesogloea 中胶层mesoinositol 不旋肌醇mesolecithal egg 中黄卵mesomere 中裂球mesometrium 子宫系膜mesomitosis 核内有丝分裂mesonephric duct 中肾管mesonephros 沃耳夫氏体mesophanerophyte 中高位芽植物mesophilic bacterium 嗜中温细菌mesophilous forest 中生林mesophyll 叶肉mesophyte 中生植物mesophytic era 裸子植物时代mesosome 间体mesothelium 间皮mesotherm 中温植物mesothorax 中胸mesotriaene 中央三叉体mesotrophic 半自养的mesotrophy 半自养mesovarium 卵巢系膜mesoxerophytes 半旱生植物mesozoa 中生动物mesozoic era 中生代messenger rna 信使 rnametabiosis 半共生metabolic antagonist 代谢对抗体metabolic change 代谢更换metabolic disorder 代谢异常metabolic disturbance 代谢异常metabolic intermediate 代谢中间物metabolic pathway 代谢途径metabolic regulation 代谢第metabolic turnover 代谢更新metabolism 物质代谢metabolism of pigment 色素代谢metabolism temperature curve 代谢温度曲线metabolite 代谢物metabolous insects 有翅类metaboly 变形metacarpal bone 掌骨metacarpus 掌骨metacentric 具中间着丝粒的metacercaria 后囊蚴metacercoid 囊状幼虫metachromasia 异染性metachromasy 异染性metachromatic granule 异染粒metachromatin 异染质metachronism 继时性metacoel 后腔metafemale 超雌metagenesis 真正世代交替metakinesis 中期metalimnion 斜温层metallobiochemistry 金属生物化学metallocarboxypeptidase 金属羧肽酶metalloenzyme 金属酶metalloflavoprotein 含金属黄素蛋白metallothionein 亲金属蛋白metamere 体节metameric segmentation 分节现象metamerism 分节现象metamitosis 有丝分裂末期metamorphosis 变态metamorphosis hormone 变态激素metanauplius 后无节幼虫metanephros 后肾metaphase 中期metaphase pairing index 中期配对指数metaphloem 后生韧皮部metaphosphoric acid 偏磷酸metaphyll 后生叶metaphyte 后生植物metaplasia 化生metaplasm 后生质metaplast 后形质体metaplasy 化生metapleure 腹褶metapleuric fold 腹褶metapodium 后足metasequoia 水杉metastable 亚稳定的metastasis 转移metastatic tumour 转移肿瘤metastomium 口后部metatarsus 跖metathorax 后胸metatrophic bacterium 腐生细菌metatrophy 腐生营养metaxenia 后生异粉性metaxylem 后生木质部metazoa 后生动物metazoea 后水蚤幼虫metazoology 中生动物学metencephalon 后脑meteor 陨石meteorobiology 气象生物学meteorological elements 气象要素meteorological observation 气象观测meteorological report 气象通报meteorology 气象学meteoropathology 气候病理学meterological satellite 气象卫星methaemoglobin 高铁血红蛋白methane 甲烷methane bacterium 甲烷细菌methanol 甲醇methionine 甲硫氨酸method 方法method of ascertainment 确认法method of breeding 育种法method of locomotion 运动法method of planting 种植法methyl alcohol 甲醇methylated cellulose 甲基纤维素methylation 甲基化酌methylation of dna dna的甲基化methylene 亚甲methylene blue 美蓝methylglyoxal 丙酮醛metrorrhagia 子宫出血micell 胶粒micellar structure 胶粒结构micelle 胶粒michaelis constant 米氏常数micro element 痕量元素microanalysis 微量分析microautoradiography 微量自动射线照相术microbalance 微量天平microbe 微生物microbial battery 微生物电池microbial content 菌数microbial genetics 微生物遗传学microbial world 微生物界microbicidal 杀微生物的microbioacoustics 微生物声学microbiological degradation 微生物分解microbiological industry 微生物工业microbiological oxidation 微生物氧化microbiology 微生物学microbiomechanics 微生物力学microbody 微体microcentrifuge 微型离心机microcentrum 中心粒团microcephaly 小头microchemistry 微量化学microcinematography 显微摄影术microclimate 小气候micrococcal deoxyribonuclease 小球菌脱氧核糖核酸酶micrococcus 小球菌microcolony 小菌落microconsumer 微型消费者microculture 微量培养microcuvette 微量吸收池microcyte 小红细胞microdissection 显微解剖microecology 微生态学microelectrode 微电极microelement 微量元素microentomology 显微昆虫学microenvironment 小环境microfibril 微纤丝microfilament 微丝microfilaria 微丝蚴microfilm 显微胶片microflora 微生物区系microgametangium 小配子囊microgenetics 显微遗传学microgrphy 显微照相术microhabitat 小生境microhistology 显微组织学microincineration 显微灰化法micromanipulator 显微操作micromelia 短肢micromere 小分裂球micrometer 测微计micromutation 微突变micron 微米micronucleus 小核micronutrient 微量营养物microorganism 微生物micropalaeontology 微古生物学micropaleobiomorphology 微古生物形态学micropaleobiosystematics 微古生物分类学micropaleobotany 微古植物学micropaleozoology 微古动物学microperoxisome 微过氧物酶体microperoxysome 微过氧物酶体microphage 小噬细胞microphotography 显微照相术法microphyll 小型叶microphyte 微植物microphytology 微本草学microplanktology 微浮游生物学microplankton 小型浮游生物micropyle 珠孔microsatellite analysis 小随体分析microsclerotium 小菌核microscope 显微镜microscopical preparation 显微镜制片microsomal enzyme 微粒体酶microsome 微粒体microspecies 约旦种microspectrophotometer 显微分光光度计microsphere 微球体microsporangium 小孢子襄microsporocyte 花粉母细胞microsporogenesis 小孢子发生microsubspecies 微亚种microsyringe 微量第注射器microtatory society 迁移群落microtechnique 显微技术microtitration 微量滴定microtome 切片机microtubule 微管microvillus 微绒毛micturition 撒尿mid brain 中脑mid gut 中肠mid gut gland 中肠腺mid intestinal gland 中肠腺mid leg 中足mid rib 中脉middle ear 中耳middle lamella 中层middle piece 中段migrating fish 回游性鱼migrating species 迁移种migration 回游migration mobility 迁移度migration species 迁移种migration speed 回游速度migratory bird 漂鸟migratory cell 游走细胞migratory community 迁移群落migratory flock 迁移兽群migratory instinct 迁移本能migratory locust 飞蝗migratory route 迁移途径milch cow 乳牛mild humus 腐熟殖质milk 乳milk area 乳区milk clotting enzyme 凝乳酶milk cow 乳牛milk enzyme 奶酶milk fever 授乳热milk gland 乳腺milk line 乳线milk secretion 泌乳milk sugar 乳糖milk tooth 乳齿milk tube 乳管milk vein 乳静脉milk vessel 乳管milky juice 乳汁millet 黍millipedes 多足类millipore filter 微孔滤膜milt 脾milter 雄鱼mimesis 拟态mimetic 拟态的mimetism 拟态mimic 模拟者mimic expression 用手势模仿mimic gene 拟态基因mimicry 拟态mineral constituents 矿质成分mineral fertilizer 矿物肥料mineral matter 矿物质物mineral medium 矿质培养基mineral nutrient 矿质营养素mineral spring 矿泉mineralization 矿化mineralocorticosteroid 盐皮质类醇minerals 矿物质物miniature end plate potential 小终极电势minicell 微细胞miniclimate 小气候minimal area 群落最小面积minimal medium 基本培养基minimum law 最低量定律minimum lethal dose 最小致死量minimum temperature 最低温度miniplasmid 极微质粒minor base 稀有碱基minor element 微量元素minor elements 痕量元素minor gene 副基因minor spiral 小螺旋mint 薄荷minute colony 微小菌落miocene epoch 中新世miosis 瞳孔缩小miracidium 纤毛幼虫mire system 沼泽系mire vegetation 沼泽地植被mirror image 镜象miscoding 错编码miscopying 基因错抄misdivision 错分裂misincorporation 错误插入mismatch correction 失配校正mismatch repair 失配校正mispairing 错配misreplication 复制错误missense 错义missense mutation 错义突变missense suppressor 误义抑制基因mist 雾mistake 误差mistranslation 错译mite 螨mitochondria 线粒体mitochondrial dna 线粒体 dna mitochondrial membrane 线粒体膜mitochondrial shrinkage 线粒体收缩mitochondrion 线粒体mitochondyial concentration 线粒体收缩mitogen 有丝分裂原mitogenetic radiation 分生射线mitogenetic ray 分生射线mitosis 核分裂mitosome 纺锤剩体mitotic apparatus 有丝分裂器mitotic crossing over 体细胞交叉mitotic cycle 分裂周期mitotic division 有丝分裂mitotic poison 有丝分裂毒mitotic recombination 有丝分裂重组mitotic reduction 有丝分裂减数mitral valve 二尖瓣mixed bud 混合芽mixed cultivation 混合栽培mixed culture 混合培养mixed feed 复合饲料mixed forest 混交林mixed function oxidase 双功能氧化酶mixed infection 混合感染mixoameba 粘菌变形虫mixochromosome 偶合染色体mixoploidy 混倍性mixotroph 兼养微生物mixotrophic 混合菅养的mixotrophism 混合营养mixture 混合物mixture of varieties 品种混合mmary vein 乳静脉mn blood group mn 血型mnemonic center 记忆中枢mobile dune 移动沙丘mobile gene 迁移基因mobile genetic element 迁移遗传成分mobile glasshouse 移动温窒mobile greenhouse 移动温窒mobile protein 可移动的蛋白质mobility 可动性mobility spectrum 迁移率谱mobilization 可动化mode of life 生活方式model 模型model experiment 模型实验model of enzymes 酶模型modelling 模拟modification 变态modification enzyme 修饰酶modifier 修饰基因modifying factor 修饰基因modulating codon 蝶密码子modulator 抑扬第剂moiety 一部分moist biotope 有湿生物小区moist forest 潮湿森林moisture 湿气moisture content 含水量moisture holding capacity 持水量moisture loving plant 喜湿植物moisture meter 湿度计molality 克分子浓度molar absorption coefficient 克分子吸光系数molar activity 克分子活性molar tooth 臼齿molarity 体积摩尔浓度molasses 糖蜜mold 霉mole 摩尔molecular activity 分子活性molecular anthropology 分子人类学molecular arrangement 分子排列molecular biology 分子生物学molecular cloning 分子克隆法molecular disease 分子病molecular evolution 分子进化molecular genetics 分子遗传学molecular hybridization 分子杂交molecular recognition 分子认识molecular sieve 分子筛molecular weight 分子量molecule 分子molehills 鼠丘molluscicide 软体动物驱除药molluscoides 拟软体动物molluscs 软体动物类mollusks 软体动物类molt 换羽molting hormone 蜕皮激素molybdenum 钼molybdoferredoxin 固氮铁钼蛋白moment 力矩monad 单分体monandrian 具单一雄蕊的monandrous 具单一雄蕊的monaster 单星体monitor 监视器monitoring 探测monkey 猿monkshood 乌头monoamine oxidase inhibitor 单胺氧化酶抑制物monoblast 成单核细胞monocarp 一次结实植物monocarpic 结一次果的monocarpic plant 一次结实植物monocarpous 结一次果的monocaryon mycelium 单核菌丝体monocellular 单细胞的monocellular culture 单细胞培养monochasium 单歧聚伞花序monochlamydeous 单被的monochromatic light 单色光monocistronic operon 单顺反子操纵子monoclimax 单元演替顶极monoclinic 雌雄同花的monoclinous 雌雄同花的monoclonal antibody 单克隆抗体monococcus 单球菌monocoenosis 单群落monocotyledonous 单子叶的monocotyledonous plant 单子叶植物类monocotyledonous plants 单子叶植物类monocotyledons 单子叶植物类monocular vision 单眼视觉monoculture 单一农作单一经营monocyte 单核细胞monoecism 雌雄同体monoecy 雌雄同体monoesterase 单酯酶monogamy 单配性monogenesis 单性生殖monogenic 单基因的monogenic hybrid 单基因杂种monogenic resistance 单基因抗性monogony 无性生殖monoinfection 单菌性传染monokaric 单核的monokaryon 单核monolayer 单层monolayer culture 单层培养monolocular 一室的monomer 单体monomolecular film 单分子膜mononeural 一神经的mononuclear 单核的mononuclear phagocyte system 单核吞噬细胞系mononucleate 单核的mononucleosome 单核小体mononucleotide 单核苷酸monooxygenase 加一氧酶monoparasitism 单寄生monopetalous 单瓣的monophagous animals 单食性动物monophagy 单食性monophasic 单相的monophenol oxidase 单酚氧化酶monophosphate 单磷体monophyletic evolution 单系列演化monophyletic species 单源物种monophyletic theory 单元说monophyly 单系统monoploid 一倍体monoplont 一倍体生物monopodial branching 单轴分枝monopodial vein 单轴叶脉monopodium 单轴monopyrenous 单核的monosaccharide 单糖monose 单糖monosome 单体性monosomic analysis 单染色体分析monosomy 单体monospecific antiserum 单特异性抗血清monospermy 单精受精monosporangium 单孢子襄囊monosporial culture 单孢子培养monostichous 单列的monosymmetric 两侧对称的monosynaptic reflex 单突触反射monotrichic 单鞭毛菌的monotrichous 单鞭毛菌的monotrochal larva 单毛轮幼虫monotrophic animals 单食性动物monovalent chromosome 一价染色体monozygotic twins 单卵双生monsoon 季风monsoon forest 季雨林monsoonal forest 季雨林monster 畸形mood 心境moorland 泽地mor 粗腐殖质moraine 堆石morbidity 患病率mordant 媒染剂morgan unit 摩尔根单位morgan's law 摩尔根定律morphallaxis 变形再生morphine 吗啡morphine receptor 吗啡感受器morphinomimetic peptide 吗啡样肽morphoclimax 形态演替顶极morphocytology 细胞形态学morphogenesis 形态发生morphogenetic field 形态形成场morphogenetic gene 形态形成基因morphogenetic movement 形态发生运动morphogenetic potential 形态发生势morphogenic process 形态形成过程morphogeny 形态发生morphological specificity 形态特征morphological sterility 形态不稔性morphology 形态学morphophysiology 形态生理学morphoplasm 成形质morphosis 形态形成mortality rate 死亡率mortality table 命表morula 桑椹胚morulation 桑椹胚形成mosaic 嵌合体mosaic community 镶嵌群落mosaic developement 镶嵌发生mosaic egg 镶嵌卵mosaic gene 嵌合基因mosaic stage 镶嵌期mosaic structure 镶嵌结构mosaic theory 镶嵌说mosaic virus 花叶病毒mosaicism 镶嵌发生mosquito 蚊moss animalcules 苔藓虫类moss layer 藓层moss starch 地衣淀粉moss tundra 藓类冻原mosses 藓类moth 蛾mother cell 母细胞mother of pearl layer 珍珠层mother star 单星体mother tree 母树种子树mothering ability 母性的才能motile cilium 运动纤毛motility 游动性motion 运动motivating factor 激发因子motivation 动机综合motivational factor 激发因子motive 单元;动机motoneuron 运动神经元motor area 运动野motor fiber 运动纤维motor neuron 运动神经元motor root 运动根motor speech center 运动性言语中枢motor unit 运动单位mottle 斑点mottling 斑点mould 霉mould fungi 霉菌类mould like bacterium 霉菌形细菌moult 换羽moulting fluid 蜕皮液moulting gland 蜕腺moulting hormone 蜕皮激素mountain 山mountain belt 低山的植物层mountain chain 山脉mountain climaye 山地气候mountain of ice 冰山mountain range 山脉mountain sickness 高山病mouse 小耗子mousetrap 捕鼠器mouth 口mouth appendage 口肢mouth breathing 口呼吸mouth cavity 口腔mouth part 口器movement 运动movement perception 运动感觉movement vision 运动视觉moving boundary 移动界面moving boundary sedimentation 移动界面沉降法mowing 采伐mrna 信使 rnamsh inhibiting factor msh 抑制因子msh inhibiting hormone msh 抑制因子mucic acid 粘液酸mucilage 粘液mucilage canal 粘液道mucilage cell 粘液细胞mucilage duct 粘液道mucilage hair 粘液毛mucin 粘蛋白mucinase 粘蛋白酶mucoid 类粘蛋白mucoid colony 粘液状菌落mucopolymer 肽葡聚糖mucopolysaccharide 粘多糖类mucoprotein 粘蛋白mucosa 粘膜mucous cell 粘液细胞mucous connective tissue 粘液组织mucous gland 粘液腺mucous layer 粘液层mucous membrane 粘膜mucus 粘液mucus secretion 粘液分泌mud soil 软泥土mulberry 桑mulch 覆盖戍muld 泥mule 骡mull 腐熟殖质mullet 鲻multi purpose breed 多目的品种multicamerate 多室的multicellular colony 多细胞集落multicellular gland 多细胞腺multicellular organism 多细胞生物multicellularity 多细胞性multicollinearity 多共线性multicomponent virus 多组分病毒multicopy plasmid 多拷贝原粒multidomain protein 多区域蛋白multienzyme 多酶multienzyme complex 多酶复合物multifunctional carrier 多功能载体multigene family 多基因族multigene fragment 多基因断片multimer 多体multinuclear cell 多核细胞multiparasitism 多寄生multiple alleles 复等位基因multiple allelismus 复等位性multiple allelomorphos 复等位基因multiple binding 多重结合multiple chromosome 多染色体multiple crossing over 多交叉multiple division 重复分裂multiple factor 多基因multiple fruit 聚花果multiple innervation 多重神经支配multiple parasitism 多寄生multiple pregnancy 多胎妊娠multiplication 增殖multiplication capacity 增殖能力multiplication culture 增殖培养multiplication rate 增殖速度multiplicative reproduction 裂殖生殖multiplicity 多重性multiplying disease 增加性疾病multipolar spindle 多极纺锤体multivalent 多价体multivalent chromosome 多价染色体multivalent vaccine 多价疫苗multivesicular body 多泡体mummification 干尸化mummy 干尸muramic acid 胞壁酸muramidase 胞壁酸酶muramyl peptide 胞壁肽murein 胞壁质muscarine 蕈毒碱musci 藓类muscle 肌muscle action potential 肌动诅位muscle area 肌域muscle banner 肌旗muscle cell 肌细胞muscle fibril 肌原纤维muscle field 肌域muscle model 肌模型muscle plate 肌板muscle protein 肌肉蛋白muscle spindle 肌纺锤muscle tonue 肌紧张muscology 苔藓植物学muscular cell 肌细胞muscular dystrophy 肌营养障碍muscular movement 肌运动muscular sense 肌肉觉muscular tonocity 肌紧张muscularelaxation 肌弛缓musculartone 肌紧张musculature 肌肉系统mushroom 蕈mushroom bodies 蕈形体mushroom polysaccharide 蕈多糖类musk 香musk deer 香鹿musk gland 腺muskone 香酮musky ground 南瓜mussels 双壳类must 葡萄液mustard 芥子mutability 突变可能性mutable gene 易变基因mutable site 易变位点mutagen 诱变剂mutagene specificity 诱变剂特异性mutagenesis 突变发生mutagenic compound 诱变剂mutagenic primer 诱变引物mutagenicity 诱变性mutant 突变体mutant clon 突变克隆mutant protein 突变体蛋白mutant strain 突变菌株mutarotation 变旋光mutase 变位酶mutation 突变mutation breeding 诱变育种mutation construction 突变构成mutation expression 突变表现mutation frequency 突变频率mutation map 突变图mutation matrix 突变基质mutation rate 突变率mutation spectrum 突变谱mutation theory 突变理论mutational load 突变负荷mutator 增变基因mutator gene 增变基因muton 突变子mutual aid 相互援助mutual conversion 交替转换mutual exclusion 互斥现象mutualism 互惠共生muzzle 鼻口部mycelial structure 菌丝结构mycelium 菌丝体mycetism 食菌中毒mycetocole animals 栖菌动物mycetocoles 栖菌动物mycetocyte 菌细胞mycetoma 足分枝菌病mycobacterial adjuvant 分枝杆菌佐剂mycobacterium 分枝杆菌mycocecidium 菌瘿mycoflora 真菌菌丛mycolic acid 分枝菌酸mycology 真菌学myconeutral junction 神经肌肉接头mycophage 真菌噬菌体mycophyta 真菌mycoplasma 支原体mycorhiza 菌根mycorrhyza 菌根mycosis 真菌病mycotoxicology 真菌毒理学mycotoxin 真菌毒素mycotrophy 菌根营养mydriasis 瞳孔放大myelencephalon 末脑myelin 骨磷脂myelin basic protein 髓鞘碱性蛋白myelin sheath 髓鞘myelination 髓鞘生成myelinogenesis 髓鞘生成myeloma 骨髓瘤myeloma protein 骨髓瘤蛋白myelopoietic organ 生血瀑myenteric reflex 肠肌反射myo epithelium 肌上皮myo inositol 肌醇myoblast 成肌细胞myocardium 心肌myocyte 肌细胞myodemia 肌脂肪变性myoepithelical cell 肌上皮细胞myofibril 肌原纤维myogen 肌浆蛋白myogenicity 肌原性myoglia 肌胶质myoglobin 肌红蛋白myograph 肌动描记器肌动计myohaemoglobin 肌红蛋白myoid cell 肌样细胞myokinase 肌激酶myolemma 肌纤维膜myology 肌学myolysis 肌肉分解myomere 肌节myometrium 子宫肌层myoneme 肌丝myoneural 肌神经的myoparalysis 肌麻痹myoparesis 肌麻痹myopia 近视myoplasm 肌浆myoplegia 肌麻痹myoprotein 肌肉蛋白myosin 肌球蛋白myosin atpase 肌球蛋白 atp酶myosin filament 肌桨球蛋白丝myosis 瞳孔缩小myotatic reflex 牵张反射myotome 肌节myotonometer 肌张力计myriapods 多足类myrmecology 蚁学myrmecophile animal 适蚁动物myrmecophilous plant 适蚁植物myrmecophyte 适蚁植物myrmecophytes 蚁植物myrosin 芥子酶mysis stage larva 糠虾幼体myxoameba 粘菌变形虫myxobacterium 粘液细菌myxoflagellates 粘鞭毛虫类myxomycetes 粘菌类myxopodium 胶状伪足。

生物学专业英语词汇汇总

Botany植物学Cell theory细胞学说cell membrane细胞膜nucleus 细胞核Organelle 细胞器cell wall细胞壁cytoplasm细胞质protoplast原生质体cell cycle细胞周期mitochondrion 线粒体photosynthesis光合作用unit membrane 单位膜chloroplast 叶绿体chlorophyll叶绿素xanthophyll叶黄素carotene胡萝卜素golgiosome高尔基体ribosome 核糖体lysosome溶酶体microfilament微丝nuclear fission核分裂reproduction繁殖primary wall初生壁secondary wall次生壁plasmodesma胞间连丝mitosis有丝分裂amitosis无丝分裂meiosis减数分裂cytokinesis胞质分裂interphase间期prophase前期metaphase中期anaphase后期telophase末期tissue组织pistil 雌蕊stamen雄蕊ovary子房pollination传粉pollen tube花粉管porogamy珠孔受精chalazogamy合点受精mesogamy中部受精apomixis无融合生殖apogamy无配子生殖patrogenesis孤雄生殖parthenogensis 孤雌生殖apospory无孢子生殖pericarp果皮life history生活史root system根系main root主根lateral root侧根taproot system直根系fibrous root system须根系cortex皮层vascular cylinder 维管柱pericycle中柱鞘xylem ray 木射线vascular ray 维管射线phloem ray韧皮射线root cap根冠Casparian strip凯氏带primary xylem初生木质部primary phloem初生韧皮部vascular ray 维管射线xylem ray 木射线phelloderm栓内层phloem ray韧皮射线embryo胚homologous organ同源器官analogous organ同功器官endosperm胚乳seed coat种皮radicle胚根plumule胚芽hypocotyl下胚轴cotyledon子叶dormancy休眠seed germination种子萌发eukaryote真核生物prokaryote原核生物algae藻类blue-green algae蓝藻trichogyne受精丝mucopolysaccharide黏多糖gelatinous sheath 胶质鞘exospore外生孢子heterosexual cell异性细胞green algae绿藻isogamy同配生殖anisogamy 异配生殖anisogamy 卵式生殖zygogamy 接合生殖haploid单倍体diploid二倍体polyploid多倍体carposporophyte孢子体brown algae褐藻sea-tangle海带agar琼脂fungi菌类parasitism寄生saprophytic腐生的lichen地衣archegonium颈卵器antheridium精子器antiphyte孢子体gametophyte配子体protonema原丝体bryophyta 苔藓植物cruciferae十字花科vascular plants微管植物aquatic plant水生植物salicaceae杨柳科angiosperm被子植物endoplasmic reticulum内质网vegetative reproduction营养繁殖intercellular layer胞间层phellogen& cork cambium木栓形成层asexual reproduction无性繁殖sexual propagation有性繁殖tetradynamous stamen四强雄蕊didynamous stamen二强雄蕊monodelphous stamen单体雄蕊diadelphous stamen二体雄蕊triadelphous stamen三体雄蕊polyadelphous stamens多体雄蕊synantherous stamen聚药雄蕊primary wall cells初生壁细胞vegetative cell营养细胞male sterility雄性不育filiform apparatus丝状器meristem zone 分生区elongation zone伸长区maturation zone成熟区embryophyte有胚植物specific parasitism专性寄生specific saprophyte专性腐生facultative parasitism兼性寄生facultative saprophyte兼性腐生sexual generation有性世代asexual generation无性世代Zoology动物学cell细胞prokaryotic cell原核细胞eukaryotic cell真核细胞protein蛋白质nucleic acid核酸carbohydrate糖lipid脂质protoplasm原生质inclusion内含物cell cycle细胞周期pulmonary alveolus肺泡flagellum鞭毛food vacuole食物泡pinocytosis胞饮作用fission裂体生殖microgamete小配子zygote合子microtubule微管contraction silk 收缩丝merogenesis 卵裂blastocoele 囊胚腔complete cleavage完全卵裂layering分层cynapse突触myoneme肌丝myocyte肌细胞mesoglea中胶层monoecism雌雄同体dioecism雌雄异体velum缘膜radial symmetry辐射对称nerve net神经网planula 浮浪幼虫bilateral symmetry两侧对称mesoderm中胚层tubule cell 管细胞osmoregulation渗透调节acetabulum 腹吸盘oral sucker口吸盘metacercaria囊蚴pseudocoel假体腔cuticle角质膜cloacal pore泄殖孔renette腺肾细emunctory排泄管resting egg休眠卵metamere体节metamerism分节现象sense organ 感觉器periostracum壳皮层prismatic layer壳层nacreous layer珍珠层veliger 面盘幼虫glochidium 钩介幼虫adductor闭壳肌segmentation异律分节linear animal线形动物pericardial cavity围心腔cervical vertebra颈椎sacral vertebra荐椎pulmonary vein肺静脉precaval vein 前腔静脉bladder气囊middle ear中耳tympanum cavity中耳腔amnion羊膜neopallium新皮层lagena 瓶状囊wishbone叉骨postcaval vein后腔静脉glandular stomach腺胃air sac气囊salt gland盐腺sclerotic ring 巩膜骨viviparity胎生placenta胎盘allantois尿囊rumen瘤胃bursa of fabricius 腔上囊masticatory stomach肌胃reticulum网胃omasum瓣胃abomasum皱胃cochlea耳蜗earthworm蚯蚓internal naris内鼻孔amniota羊膜动物arthropod节肢动物coelenterate腔肠动物annelid环节动物cell membrane&plasma membrane细胞膜epithelial tissue上皮组织connective tissue结缔组织cartilage tissue软骨组织osseous tissue骨组织muscular tissue肌肉组织cardiac muscle心肌intercalated disc闰盘Nissl's body尼氏小体colony &group群体meroblastic cleavage不完全卵裂colonial theory 群体说gastrovascular cavity消化循环腔muscle system肌肉体系excretory system排泄系统reproductive system生殖系统digestive system消化系统archinephric duct原肾管basal lamina & basal membrane基膜cross-fertilization异体受精self-fertilization自体受精final host终寄主first intermidate host第一中间寄主semicircular canal半规管second intermediate host第二中间寄主Genetics遗传学heredity 遗传variation 变异gene 基因pisum sativum 豌豆segregation 分离gamete 生殖细胞zygote 合子allele 等位基因genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型test cross 测交oryza sativa 水稻diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体centromere 着丝粒satellite 随体linker 连丝mitosis 有丝分裂mesoblast中胚层spindle 纺锤体interphase 间期spindle fiber 纺锤丝vicia faba蚕豆nucleoplasm 核质spermatogenous 精原细胞oogonium 卵原细胞spermatid 精细胞Phenocopy 拟表型epistasis上位效应mutant突变型gametic lethal配子致死zygotic lethal合子致死autosome 常染色体dominant lethal显性致死carrier 携带者homozygote 纯合体heterozygote 杂合体genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型linkage group 连锁群interference 干涉coincidence 并发率genetic map 遗传学图wild type野生型mutation 突变heterokaryon 异核体auxotroph 营养缺陷型strain 菌株recipient 受体donor 供体fragment 片段induction 诱导prophage 原噬菌体transduction 转导Mendel’s laws 孟德尔定律law of segregation 分离定律first filial generation 子一代parental generation 亲代dominant character 显性性状recessive character 隐性性状hereditary determinant 遗传因子parental combination 亲组合recombination 重组合punnett square 棋盘法Mendelian character 孟德尔性状primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕nucleolar organizer 核仁形成区first polar body 第一极体second polar body 第二极体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体female gametic nucleus 卵核multiple alleles 复等位基因sex-chromosome性染色体sex-linked inheritance 伴性遗传primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕complementary gene互补基因homologous chromosome 同源染色体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体secondary oocyte 次级卵母细胞three-point testcross 三点测交primary spermatocyte 初级精母细胞secondary spermatocyte 次级精母细胞first division segregation 第一次分裂分离second division segregation 第二次分裂分离law of independent assortment 自由组合定律Biochemistry 生物化学essential element必需元素trace elements微量元素proteoglycan蛋白聚糖amino acid氨基酸primary structure 一级结构random coil无规卷曲structural domain 结构域subunit亚基degeneration变性adenine腺嘌呤guanine鸟嘌呤cytosine胞嘧啶thymine胸腺嘧啶uracil尿嘧啶nucleoside 核苷nucleotide核苷酸base pairing碱基配对base pair碱基对数base碱基数gyrase旋转酶nucleosome核小体complementary DNA互补DNA plasmid质粒transposons转座子repetitive sequence重复序列exon外显子intron内含子variable loop可变环ribonuclease核糖核酸酶renaturation复性hyperchromic effect增色效应base stacking force碱基堆积力annealing退火melting-out temperature熔解温度hypochromic effect减色效应maltose麦芽糖sucrose蔗糖lactose乳糖starch淀粉glycogen糖原cellulose纤维素cellulase纤维素酶selectivity选择性substrate底物holoenzyme全酶cofactor辅因子coenzyme辅酶oxidase氧化酶metabolism新陈代谢assimilation同化作用catabolism异化作用metabolite代谢产物biological oxidation 生物氧化cytochrome细胞色素rotenone鱼藤酮amytal阿密妥antimycin A抗霉素 A cyanide氰化物glycolysis糖酵解ethanol乙醇citrate柠檬酸cis-aconitate 顺乌头酸succinic acid琥珀酸oxaloacetic acid草酰乙酸acetyl-coenzyme乙酰辅酶fumarate延胡索酸glyoxylate cycle 乙醛酸循环malate苹果酸fatty acid 脂肪酸carbon unit一碳单位replicon复制子core enzyme 核心酶primosome引发体Okazaki fragment冈崎片段leading chain 前导链lagging strand后随链terminator终止子telomere端粒telomerase端粒酶replication fork复制叉vector载体promoter启动子terminator终止子operon操纵子codon密码子degeneracy简并性hormone激素citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环deamination脱氨基作用urea cycle尿素循环euchromatin常染色质messenger RNA信使RNAtransfer RNA转移RNA ribosome RNA核糖体RNAmetabolic regulation代谢调节feedback regulation反馈调节structural gene结构基因promoter gene启动基因operator gene操纵基因regulator gene调节基因termination factor终止因子triplet code三联体密码initiator codon起始密码termination codon终止密码semiconservative replication半保留复制ornithine cycle鸟氨酸循环ketogenic amino acid生酮氨基酸glucogenic amino acid生糖氨基酸oxidative deamination氧化脱氨作用transamination转氨基作用reverse transcription逆转录decarboxylation脱羧作用semidiscontinuous replication半不连续复制reverse transcriptase 逆转录酶missense mutation错义突变synonymous mutation同义突变neutral mutation中性突变nonsense mutation无义突变phosphatidic acid 磷脂酸essential amino acids 必需氨基酸dihydrouracil loop二氢尿嘧啶环anticodon loop反密码子环double-strand circular DNA 双链环形DNA superhelical DNA 超螺旋DNA open circular DNA 开环DNA linear DNA 线形DNAbase stacking force 碱基堆积力secondary structure二级结构super-secondary structure超二级结构tertiary structure三级结构quaternary structure四级结构negative supercoil DNA负超螺旋DNA positive supercoil DNA正超螺旋DNAGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate甘油醛-3-二磷酸glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸restriction endonuclease限制性内切酶polymerase chain reaction聚合酶链反应Microbiology微生物学living creatures 生物culture medium 培养基lawn菌苔culture plate 培养平板bacteria 细菌archaea 古生菌eukaryote真核生物prokaryote 原核生物protozoan 原生动物hypha 菌丝mycoplasma 支原体yeast 酵母菌plasmolysis 质壁分离Escherichia Coli大肠杆菌murein胞壁质peptidoglycan 肽聚糖mucopeptide黏肽outer membrane外膜chromosome染色体nucleolus 核仁nucleoid 拟核chromatin 染色质centromere 着丝粒telomere 端粒protoplast 原生质体mycoplasma 支原体glycoprotein 糖蛋白mesosome 间体cytoplasm细胞质megnetosome磁小体nucleoid拟核glycocalyx 糖被capsule 荚膜flagellum 鞭毛lysosome 溶酶体chloroplast 叶绿体thylakoid类囊体inorganic salt 无机盐peptone 蛋白胨sulfur bacteria 硫细菌beef extract牛肉膏vitamin 维生素inclusion body 内含物lithotroph 无机营养型medium 培养基agar 琼脂organotroph 有机营养型antiport 逆向运输active transport 主动运输pinocytosis 胞饮作用catabolism 分解代谢passive transport 被动运输uniport 单向运输anabolism 合成代谢fermentation发酵batch culture 分批培养log phase 对数生长期stationary phase 稳定生长期lag phase 迟缓期decline phase衰亡期aerobe 好氧菌antibiotic 抗生素antigenome 反基因组transformation 转化genome 基因组plasmid 质粒transforming factor 转化因子diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体transposable element 转座因子conjugation接合作用transposon转座子phenotype 表型genotype基因型auxotroph营养缺陷型wild-type野生型transition 转换transversion 颠换spontaneous mutation 自发突变reverse mutation 回复突变sexduction 性导transduction 转导promoter 启动子operon 操纵子recombination repair 重组修复repressor 阻遏蛋白corepressor辅阻遏物clone 克隆denaturation 变性annealing 退火extension 延伸cloning vector 克隆载体replicon 复制子telomere 端粒cohesive end 黏性末端promoter 启动子terminator 终止子gene therapy 基因治疗phylogeny 系统发育ammonification 氨化作用nitrification 硝化作用denitrification 反硝化作用expression vector 表达载体aerobic respiration有氧呼吸anaerobic respiration无氧呼吸origin of replication 复制起始点incompatibility 不亲和性gene mutation 基因突变synonymous mutation 同义突变chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变missense mutation 错义突变frame-shift mutation 移码突变lactose operon 乳糖操纵子negative transcription control 负转录调控tryptophan operon 色氨酸操纵子cytoplasmic inheritance 细胞质遗传genetic engineering 基因工程recombinant DNA technology 重组DNA技术palindromic structure 回文结构spread plate method 涂布平板法pour plate method 倾注培养法streak plate method 平板划线法shake tube method 稀释摇管法continuous culture 连续培养。

生物化学专业英语词汇-分子生物学

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v8 protease v8蛋⽩酶[来⾃葡萄球菌]vagogastrone 迷⾛抑胃素validamycin 有效霉素valinomycin 缬氨霉素valosin 缬酪肽[在猪⼩肠中分离的25肽]vancomycin 万古霉素vanillic acid ⾹草酸vanilmandelic acid ⾹草扁桃酸vasoconstriction ⾎管收缩vasoconstrictor ⾎管收缩剂vasodilatin ⾎管舒张素vasodilator ⾎管舒张剂，⾎管扩张剂vasopressin 加压素，升压素vasotocin 加压催产素，升压催产素[存在于⾮哺乳类脊椎动物]vdjc joining vdjc连接[免疫球蛋⽩重链种系基因发⽣体细胞染⾊体重排，将v、d、j、c基因连为⼀体]vector 载体vegetation 植被venom 毒液vent dna polymerase [商标]vent dna聚合酶[new englandbiolabs公司从分离⾃海底⽕⼭⼝的极端耐热细菌thermcoccus litoralis中提纯的耐热dna聚合酶，有3'⾄5'外切活性] verapamil 异搏定veratridine 藜芦定，藜芦碱ⅰ[可作⽤于钠通道的固醇类⽣物碱]vernalin 春花素vernalization 春花verotoxin vero细胞毒素[⼀种志贺样毒素]verrucarine 疣孢菌素versican 多功能蛋⽩聚糖[来⾃成纤维细胞的⼀种蛋⽩聚糖，⼜称pg-m或pg-350]versicolorin a 杂⾊曲霉素avibrio 弧菌vibrio cholera 霍乱弧菌vicianose 荚⾖⼆糖vicilin 豌⾖球蛋⽩victomycin 优胜霉素videofluorimeter 图像荧光计vignin 豇⾖球蛋⽩villikinin 肠绒⽑促动素，缩肠绒⽑素，绒⽑收缩素villin 绒⽑蛋⽩[见于微绒⽑，可作⽤于肌动蛋⽩丝]vimentin 波形蛋⽩vinblastine 长春花碱vincaleucoblastine 长春碱vincristine 长春新碱vinculin 粘着斑蛋⽩viomycin 紫霉素vipoxin 蝰蛇毒素viremia 病毒⾎症viricide 杀病毒剂virilism 男性化virino 朊病毒virion 病毒颗粒，毒粒viroceptor 病毒编码受体[由病毒基因组所编码的受体分⼦]virocidin 杀病毒菌素virocin 病毒菌素virogene 病毒基因viroid 类病毒virokine 病毒因⼦[病毒基因组编码的（细胞）活性因⼦]viropexis 病毒⼊胞（现象），病毒胞吞（现象）viroplasm 病毒质，病毒原质[感染细胞内的病毒复制区]viroplasma 病毒质，病毒原质体virosome 病毒体[⼈⼯构建的病毒亚载体，可⽤作疫苗佐剂或载体]virucide 杀病毒剂virulence 毒⼒virulent 强毒的，烈性的virusoid 拟病毒，协⽣病毒，核壳内类病毒壳协病毒[存在于核壳中的⼀种⼩环状rna,它与病毒rna相互协助，引起宿主致病] viscoelastic retardation 粘弹迟滞法[可⽤于测定⾼分⼦量dna的分⼦量]viscoelasticity 粘弹性viscusin 槲寄⽣毒素visinin 视锥蛋⽩[见于视锥细胞的⼀种钙结合蛋⽩]vistamycin 维斯他霉素，核糖霉素vitellin 卵黄磷蛋⽩vitellogenesis 卵黄⽣成vitellogenin 卵黄⽣成素，卵黄原蛋⽩vitellomucoid 卵黄类粘蛋⽩vitis 葡萄（属）vitronectin 玻连蛋⽩volutin 异染质vomitoxin 呕吐毒素von willebrand disease ⾎管性⾎友病von willebrand factor von willebrand因⼦[由⾎管内⽪细胞释放到⾎中，参与凝⾎]。

生物化学英文单词

生物化学第一章蛋白质的结构与功能第一节蛋白质的分子组成●氨基酸amino acid●等电点isoelectric point，pI●肽peptide●肽键peptide bond●寡肽oligopeptide●多肽polypeptide●氨基酸残基residue●肽单元peptide unit●谷胱甘肽glutathione GSH●神经肽neuropeptide●辅基prothetic group●蛋白质家族protein family●超家族superfamily第二节蛋白质的分子结构●一级结构primary structure⏹氨基酸序列amino acid sequence●二级结构secondary structure⏹α-螺旋α-helix⏹β-折叠β-pleated sheet⏹β-转角β-turn⏹无规卷曲random coil⏹超二级结构super-secondary structure⏹模体motif●三级结构tertiary structure：⏹结构域domain⏹分子伴侣molecular chaperone●四级结构quaternary structure⏹亚基subunit⏹同二聚体homodimer⏹异二聚体heterodimer 第三节蛋白质结构与功能的关系●细胞色素C cytochrome C●肌红蛋白myoglubin Mb●血红蛋白hemoglobin Hb●正协同效应positive cooperativity●紧张态tense state，T态松弛态relaxed state，R态●别构效应allosteric effect●朊病毒蛋白prion protein，PrP第四节蛋白质的理化性质●等电点isoelectric point，pI●蛋白质变性denaturation●复性renaturation●蛋白质的凝固作用protein coagulation●茚三酮反应ninhydrin reaction●双缩脲反应biuret reaction第五节蛋白质的分离、纯化与结构分析●透析dialysis●盐析salt precipitation●蛋白质电泳electrophoresis⏹等电聚焦电泳isoelectric equilibriumelectrophoresis，IEE⏹双向凝胶电泳two-dimentional gelelectrophoresis，2-DGE●层析chromatography●凝胶过滤gel filtration（分子筛层析）●超速离心法ultracentrifugation●沉降系数sedimentation coefficient，S●圆二色光谱circular dichroism，CD●X线衍射法X-ray diffraction●核磁共振nuclear magnetic resonance，NMR第六节血浆蛋白质●γ-球蛋白γ-globulin●前白蛋白prealbumin，PA●免疫球蛋白immunoglobulin，Ig第二章酶●酶enzyme第一节酶的分子结构与功能●底物substrate●酶的特异性（专一性）specificity⏹绝对专一性absolute specificity⏹相对专一性relative specificity⏹立体异构专一性steroespecificity●分类⏹单体酶monomeric enzyme⏹寡聚酶oligomeric enzyme⏹多酶复合物multienzyme complex（多酶体系multienzyme system）●酶的化学组成⏹单纯酶simple enzyme⏹结合酶conjugated enzyme◆酶蛋白apoenzyme◆辅因子cofactor◆全酶holoenzyme●酶的辅因子⏹辅酶coenzyme⏹辅基prosthetic group⏹金属酶metalloenzyme◆金属激活酶metal activated enzyme◆酶的激活剂activator⏹维生素vitamin●酶的活性中心active center（活性部位activesite）⏹必需基团essential group◆结合基团binding group◆催化基团catalytic group●多功能酶multifunctional enzyme（串联酶tandemenzyme）●同工酶isoenzyme，isozyme⏹乳酸脱氢酶lactate dehydrogenase，LDH⏹肌酸激酶creatine kinase，CK第二节酶的分类与命名●氧化还原酶类oxidoreductase●转移酶类fransferase●水解酶类hydrolase●裂合酶类lyase⏹合酶synthases●异构酶类isomerase●合成酶类synthetase（连接酶ligase）●系统名称systematic name推荐名称recommended name第三节酶的工作原理●活化能activation energy●过渡态transition state●化学反应的能障energy barrier●酶-底物中间产物学说intermediate theory●诱导契合假说induced-fit hypothesis●邻近效应proximity effect●定向排列orientation arrange●表面效应surface effect●底物脱溶剂化desolvation●酸碱催化作用general acid-base catalysis●亲核催化nucleophilic catalysis●亲电催化electrophilic catalysis●共价催化covalent catalysis第四节酶促反应动力学●酶促反应动力学Kinetics of enzyme-catalyzedreaction●酶促反应初速率initial velocity，V0●最大反应速率maximum velocity，V max●米—曼氏方程Michaelis-Menten equation●米氏方程Michealis equation●米氏常数Michaelis constant●酶的转换数turnover number●酶活力单位active unit，U●酶的比活力specific activity●林—贝作图法Lineweaver-Burk（双倒数作图法）●酶的最适温度optimum temperature●酶促反应的最适pH optimum pH●酶的抑制剂inhibitor●不可逆抑制作用irreversible inhibition⏹二巯基丙醇british aiti-Lewisite，BAL⏹胆碱酯酶choline eaterase（丝氨酸残基）⏹解磷定pyridine aldoxime methyloidide，PAM●可逆抑制⏹竞争性抑制competitive inhibition⏹非竞争性抑制non-competitive inhibition⏹反竞争性抑制uncompetitive inhibition●酶的激活剂activator●必需激活剂essential activator●非必需激活剂non- essential activator⏹超氧化物歧化酶super oxide dismutase，SOD第五节酶的调节●别构酶allosteric enzyme●别构调节allosteric regulation●别构部位allosteric site（调节部位regulatorysite）●别构效应剂allosteric effector⏹别构激活剂allosteric activator⏹别构抑制剂allosteric inhibitor●正协同效应positive cooperative effect负协同效应negative cooperative effect●酶原zymogen●酶的化学修饰chemical modification（共价修饰covalent modification）⏹磷酸化修饰phosphorylation◆蛋白激酶protein kinase◆蛋白磷酸酶protein phosphatase⏹乙酰化修饰acetylation⏹甲基化修饰methylation●诱导作用induction阻遏作用repression●蛋白质的半寿期half-life，t1/2第六节酶与医学的关系●指示酶indicator enzyme●辅助酶auxiliary enzyme●酶联免疫吸附法enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay，ELISA。

生物化学_专业英语单词

常用生化中英文对照表第一章Prokaryote 原核生物Eukaryote 真核生物fractionation 分级、分馏biomolecule 生物分子organism 生物体、有机体membrane 膜nucleus 细胞核cocci 球菌bacilli 杆菌spirilla 螺旋菌Eubacteria 真细菌Archaebacteria 原细菌Cyanobacteria 蓝细菌Plasma 细胞浆Mesosome 间体Nuleoid 拟核Sytosol 细胞质、原生质Bilayer 双分子层（膜）Protein 蛋白质Lipid 脂类Carbohydrate 糖类、碳水化合物osmotic pressure 渗透压Peptidoglycan 肽聚糖Subcellular 亚细胞的Ganelle 细胞器Genetic 遗传的Chromosome 染色体ribosomal ribonucleic acid rRNAEndoplasmic reticulum 内质网Phospholipid 磷脂Detoxification 解毒Golgi apparatus 高尔基体Refresh 更新Mitochondria 线粒体oxidative phosphorylation 氧化磷酸化 fatty acid脂肪酸 degradation降解 Chloroplasts 叶绿体thylakoid vesicles类囊体 photosynthesis光合作用Lysosomes 溶酶体Macromolecule 大分子Enzyme 酶Cytoskeleton 细胞支架Metabolic 新陈代谢的Centrifugation 离心Isolate 分离Equilibrium 平衡Density 密度Friction 摩擦力Velocity 速率Supernatant 上清夜Pellet 沉淀第二章Amino acid 氨基酸Enantiomers 对映体Tetrahedral 正四面体的Hydrophobic 疏水的、憎水的Aliphatic 脂肪族的Aromatic 芳香族的Polar 极性的Charged 带电荷的Glycine Gly,甘氨酸alanine Ala,丙氨酸valine Val,缬氨酸leucine Leu,亮氨酸isoleucine Ile,异亮氨酸methionine Met,甲硫氨酸proline Pro,脯氨酸cystine Cys,半胱氨酸Phenylalanine Phe,苯丙氨酸Tyrosine Tyr,酪氨酸Tryptophan Trp,色氨酸Asparagines Asn, 天冬酰胺Glutamine Gln,谷氨酰胺Serine Ser,丝氨酸Threonine Thr,苏氨酸Varginine Arg, 精氨酸Lysine Lys,赖氨酸Histidine His,组氨酸aspartic acid Asp,天冬氨酸glutamic acid Glu,谷氨酸base 碱carboxyl 羧基isoelectric point 等电点positive 正的、阳性的negative 负的、阴性的buffering 缓冲physiological 生理的Primary structure 一级结构 Secondary structure 二级结构 Tertiary structure 三级结构 Quaternary structure 四级结构peptide bond 肽键sequence 顺序、序列covalent Bond 共价键polypeptide 多肽terminal 末端carbonyl 羰基resonance structures 共振结构rigid 刚性的rotate旋转trans configuration顺式构象disulfide bonds二硫键α-helix α-落选hydrogen bond 氢键β-pleated sheet β-折叠片parallel 平行的antiparallel 反平行的random coil 无规卷曲unique 唯一的spatial 空间的arrangement 排列、安排linear sequence 线性序列residue 残基Hydrophobic interaction 疏水相互作用Interior 内部的Electrostatic force静电力salt bridge盐桥、盐键van der Waals force 范德华力subunit 亚基allosteric effect 变构效应Noncovalent interactions 非共价相互作用protein stability 蛋白质的稳定dimensional 空间的、维的proton 质子donor 供体、赠与者lone pair of electrons 孤对电子collinear 在同一直线上 Hydrophobic force 疏水力Nonpolar 非极性Minimize 最小化protein folding 蛋白质折叠Accessory protein 辅助蛋白质molecular chaperones 分子伴侣Myoglobin 肌红蛋白Hemoglobin 血红蛋白prosthetic group 辅基essential 必需的heme 血红素crevice缝隙protoporphyrin 原卟啉porphyrin 卟啉ferrous 含铁的proximal 最接近的cooperative 协同的noncooperative 非协同的dissociation curve 解离曲线sigmoidal S 形曲线hyperbolic 双曲线affinity 亲和性blood capillaries 血管Bohr effect 波尔效应2,3-biphosphoglycerate 2,3-二磷酸甘油酸Mechanism 机制Relaxed state 松弛状态tense state 紧张状态hemoglobinopathies 血红蛋白分子病Sickle-cell anemia 镰刀形细胞贫血症Erythrocyte 红血球sticky patch 粘性小区therapeutic治疗的Collagen胶原蛋白Skin皮肤Bone骨骼Tendon腱Cartilage软骨blood vessel血管mammal哺乳动物fibrous纤维状的tripeptide 三肽的triple-helical 三股螺旋的cross-linke 交联Allysine 醛基赖氨酸Antibodie 抗体immune system 免疫系统pathogen 病原体trigger 引发、触发response 响应、应答antigen 抗原antigenic determine 抗原决定簇epitope 抗原决定簇Immunolocalization 免疫定位Antibody 抗体Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assayELISA 酶联免疫吸附测定 purification 提纯、纯化Homogenization 匀浆solubilization 溶解Ammonium sulfate 硫酸铵Precipitation 沉淀Dialysis 透析Chromatographic techniques 层析技术gel filtration 凝胶过滤affinity chromatography 亲和层析 Electrophoretic techniques 电泳技术isoelectric focusing 等电聚焦SDS polyacrylamide gel eletrophoresisSDS 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳semi-permeable 半透性ligand 配基inert 惰性的matrix 基质elute 洗出、流出lectin 外源凝集素glycoprotein 糖蛋白molecular sieve 分子筛polyampholytes 聚两性电解质gradient 梯度migrate 迁移、移动chymotrypsin 胰凝乳蛋白酶sequencing 测序2-mercaptoethanol ２－巯基乙醇ninhydrin 茚三酮fluorescamine 荧光胺fluorodinitrobenzene 二硝基氟苯dansyl chloride 丹磺酰氯phenyl isothiocyanate PITC 苯异硫氰酸酯fragment 片断、碎片encoding 编码decipher 解读、破译anchor 锚定第三章biocatalyst 生物催化剂active site 活性中心substrate 底物The induced –fit model 诱导契合学说Stereospecificity 立体异构专一性Specificity 专一性Trypsin 胰蛋白酶Elastase 弹性蛋白酶Oxidoreductase 氧化还原酶Transferase 转移酶Hydrolase水解酶 Lyase裂合酶 Isomerase异构酶 Ligase连接酶 Ribozyme 核酶Abzyme 抗体酶catalytic antibody 抗体酶analog 类似物assay 化验、测定 optimal 最佳的Coenzyme 辅酶Cofactor 辅因子apoenzyme 脱辅酶holoenzyme 全酶acetylcholinesterase 乙酰胆碱酯酶Nicotinamide 烟酰胺Adenine 腺嘌呤Dinucleotide 二核苷酸Phosphate 磷酸Oxidation 氧化reduction 还原Flavin 黄素Mononucleotide 单核苷酸Acyl 酰基thiamine pyrophosphate 焦磷酸硫胺素decarboxylase 脱羧酶Pyridoxal 吡哆醛Pyridoxamine 吡哆胺Pyridoxine 吡哆醇Ubiquinone 泛醌Isoenzymes 同功酶Kinetic 动力学lactate dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶proportional 成比例的saturate 使饱和thermal 热的denaturation 变性optimum 最适宜的diversity 多样性Michaelis-Menten equation 米氏方程double-reciprocal plot 双倒数作图法inhibition 抑制Inhibitor 抑制剂Metabolite 代谢物Irreversible 不可逆的Reversible 可逆的Competitive 竞争性的Noncompetitive 非竞争性的Probe 探测Clinically 临床上Regulation 调节committed step 关键步骤activator 激活剂Adjust 调节Feedback 反馈Sequential 连续的Branched 分支的Conformational 构象的homotropic effect 同促效应heterotropic effect 异促效应Phosphofructokinase 磷酸果糖激酶Citrate 柠檬酸盐Fructose 2,6 bisphosphate 2,6-二磷酸果糖phosphorylation 磷酸化dephosphorylation 去磷酸化hydroxyl 羟基hormone 激素Glycogen phosphorylase 糖原磷酸化酶Phosphorylate 使磷酸化glycogen synthase 糖原合酶unphosphorylate 使去磷酸化proteolytic 蛋白质水解的proenzymes 酶原zymogen 酶原hydrolysis 水解pancreatic 胰腺的pancreas 胰腺small intestine 小肠blood clotting 血液凝固amplification 扩大cascade 级联第四章boundary 边界compartments 小室Mechanical 机械的signaling 发信号insoluble 不可溶的glycerophospholipids 甘油磷脂类sphingolipids 鞘脂类sterols 固醇类glycerol 甘油sphingosine 鞘氨醇sphingomyelins 鞘磷脂cholesterol 胆固醇steroid 类固醇Amphipathic 两性的Hydrophilic 亲水的Bulky 体积大的self-assemble 自组装的fluidity 流动性rotational 转动的lateral 侧向的Fluid mosaic model 流体镶嵌模型Integral 整体的、内在的Flip 翻跟头integral membrane proteins 内在膜蛋白peripheral membrane proteins外周膜蛋白asymmetry 不对称asymmetrically 不对称地membrane-spaning protein 跨膜蛋白Multiple 多重的Lipid-anchored proteins 脂锚定蛋白Heterokaryon 异核体Fusion 融合Reconstitution 重建Reincorporated 重新合并Extracellular 细胞外的Intercellular 细胞内的Passive transport 被动运输active transport 主动运输concentration 浓度diffusion 扩散saturable 可饱和的facilitated 协助的、推动的symport 同向运送antiport 逆向运送epithelial cells 上皮细胞exocytosis 分泌作用endocytosis 内吞作用phagocytosis 吞噬作用pinocytosis 胞饮作用Receptor mediated endocytosis fusion受体介导的内吞作用debris 碎片transduction 转导Lipophilic 亲脂性的Receptors 受体second messengers 第二信使第五章Nucleic acid 核酸Replication 复制Nucleotide 核苷酸Pyrimidine 嘧啶Guanine 鸟嘌呤Thymine 胸腺嘧啶Cytosine 胞嘧啶Nucleoside 核苷Deoxyribonucleoside 脱氧核糖核苷ribonucleoside 核糖核苷deoxyribonucleotide 脱氧核糖核苷酸genes 基因complementarily 互补地nucleosome 核小体loop 突环rosette 玫瑰花结semi-conservative 半保留的polymerase 聚合酶template 模板primer 引物fork 叉Bidirectional 双向的Okazaki fragments 冈崎片段semi-discontinuous 半不连续的strand 链、一股hybridization 杂交melting temperature 熔融温度renaturation 复性labeled 标记的fluorescent 荧光的tag 标记、标签annealing 退火amplify 增强、扩大The central dogma 中心法则Transcription 转录initiation 起始Elongation 延伸termination 终止promoters 启动子palindrome 回文结构processing 加工splicing 拼接reverse transcription 逆转录第六章genetic code 遗传密码intermediate 中间的、媒介codons 密码子unambiguous 明确的correspond 相应、符合degenerate 简并的mutation 变异incorporation 合并nonoverlapping 不相重叠的reading frames 阅读框aminoacyl-tRNA 氨酰-tRNApeptidyl-tRNA 肽酰-tRNAstem 茎、干、臂anticodon 反密码子translocation 移位第七章metabolism 代谢Saccharides 糖类monosaccharides 单糖aldehyde group 醛基ketone group 酮基Stereoisomers 立体异构体Oligosaccharides 寡糖Glycosidic bond 糖苷键Polysaccharides 多糖Starch 淀粉Cellulose 纤维素Dextran 葡聚糖Amylose 直链淀粉amylopectin 支链淀粉Glycolysis 糖酵解Cytoplasm 细胞质Glucose 葡萄糖Galactose 半乳糖Mannose 甘露糖Sucrose 蔗糖Trehalose 海藻糖Lactose 乳糖Hexokinase 己糖激酶Fructose 果糖Phosphoglucoisomerase 磷酸葡萄糖变位酶Bisphosphate 二磷酸glyceraldehydes 甘油醛dihydroxyacetone 二羟丙酮aldolase 醛缩酶triose 丙糖1,3-bisphosphoglycerate 1,3 二磷酸甘油酸dehydrogenase 脱氢酶3-phosphoglycerate 3-磷酸甘油酸kinase 激酶mutase 变位酶phosphoenolpyruvate 磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸enolase 烯醇化酶pyruvate 丙酮酸Gluconeogenesis 糖异生Noncarbhydrate 非糖的Liver 肝脏skeletal muscle 骨骼肌phosphorylase 磷酸化酶Phosphorolysis 磷酸化pyrophosphorylase 焦磷酸化酶glucosyl 葡萄糖基nonreducing end 非还原端Epinephrine 肾上腺素glucagon 胰高血糖素Insulin 胰岛素第八章fatty acid 脂肪酸hydrocarbon 烃、碳氢化合物carboxylic acid 羧酸Unsaturated 不饱和的Triacylglycerol 三酰甘油Acetyl 乙酰基Thioester 硫酯Carnitine 肉(毒)碱Hydration 水合作用Thiolysis 硫解Consume 消耗ketone bodies 酮体acetoacetate 乙酰乙酸D-3-hydroxybutyrate D-3-羟基丁酸Acetone 丙酮diabetes 糖尿病toxic 有毒的lethal 致命的multifunctional 多功能的malonyl 丙二酰基carboxylation 羧化condensation 缩合acetoacetyl 乙酰乙酰基hydroxybutyryl 羟丁酰基crotonyl 丁烯酰基butyryl 丁酰基hydrolyzation 水解作用palmitoyl 软脂酰基palmitate 软脂酸lipoproteins 脂蛋白globular 球状的micelle 胶束、微囊第九章Respiration 呼吸作用citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环、三羧酸循环concomitant 伴随的isocitrate 异柠檬酸酸盐α-ketoglutarate α-酮戊二酸succinate 琥珀酸盐succinyl 琥珀酰基fumarate 延胡索酸盐malate 苹果酸盐oxaloacetate 草酰乙酸盐cytochrome 细胞色素oxidase 氧化酶reductase 还原酶Rotatory 旋转的engine 发动机第十章Nitrogen 氮Diet 常吃的食物Erythrose 赤藓糖Ribose 核糖Transamination 转氨基作用Deamination 脱氨基作用Transdeamination 联合脱氨基作用Ammonia 氨Excrete 排泄Aquatic 水生uric acid 尿酸terrestrial 陆生的reptile 爬行动物urea 尿素vertebrates 脊椎动物ornithine 鸟氨酸arginine 精氨酸citrullin 瓜氨酸permanently 不变地。

(完整版)生物学专业英语词汇(2)

生物学专业英语词汇(最新整理)

Botany植物学Cell theory细胞学说cell membrane细胞膜nucleus 细胞核Organelle 细胞器cell wall细胞壁cytoplasm细胞质protoplast原生质体cell cycle细胞周期mitochondrion 线粒体photosynthesis光合作用unit membrane 单位膜chloroplast 叶绿体chlorophyll叶绿素xanthophyll叶黄素carotene胡萝卜素golgiosome高尔基体ribosome 核糖体lysosome溶酶体microfilament微丝nuclear fission核分裂reproduction繁殖primary wall初生壁secondary wall次生壁plasmodesma胞间连丝mitosis有丝分裂amitosis无丝分裂meiosis减数分裂cytokinesis胞质分裂interphase间期prophase前期metaphase中期anaphase后期telophase末期tissue组织pistil 雌蕊stamen雄蕊ovary子房pollination传粉pollen tube花粉管porogamy珠孔受精chalazogamy合点受精mesogamy中部受精apomixis无融合生殖apogamy无配子生殖patrogenesis孤雄生殖parthenogensis 孤雌生殖apospory无孢子生殖pericarp果皮life history生活史root system根系main root主根lateral root侧根taproot system直根系fibrous root system须根系cortex皮层vascular cylinder 维管柱pericycle中柱鞘xylem ray 木射线vascular ray 维管射线phloem ray韧皮射线root cap根冠Casparian strip凯氏带primary xylem初生木质部primary phloem初生韧皮部vascular ray 维管射线xylem ray 木射线phelloderm栓内层phloem ray韧皮射线embryo胚homologous organ同源器官analogous organ同功器官endosperm胚乳seed coat种皮radicle胚根plumule胚芽hypocotyl下胚轴cotyledon子叶dormancy休眠seed germination种子萌发eukaryote真核生物prokaryote原核生物algae藻类blue-green algae蓝藻trichogyne受精丝mucopolysaccharide黏多糖gelatinous sheath 胶质鞘exospore外生孢子heterosexual cell异性细胞green algae绿藻isogamy同配生殖anisogamy 异配生殖anisogamy 卵式生殖zygogamy 接合生殖haploid单倍体diploid二倍体polyploid多倍体carposporophyte孢子体brown algae褐藻sea-tangle海带agar琼脂fungi菌类parasitism寄生saprophytic腐生的lichen地衣archegonium颈卵器antheridium精子器antiphyte孢子体gametophyte配子体protonema原丝体bryophyta 苔藓植物cruciferae十字花科vascular plants微管植物aquatic plant水生植物salicaceae杨柳科angiosperm被子植物endoplasmic reticulum内质网vegetative reproduction营养繁殖intercellular layer胞间层phellogen& cork cambium木栓形成层asexual reproduction无性繁殖sexual propagation有性繁殖tetradynamous stamen四强雄蕊didynamous stamen二强雄蕊monodelphous stamen单体雄蕊diadelphous stamen二体雄蕊triadelphous stamen三体雄蕊polyadelphous stamens多体雄蕊synantherous stamen聚药雄蕊primary wall cells初生壁细胞vegetative cell营养细胞male sterility雄性不育filiform apparatus丝状器meristem zone 分生区elongation zone伸长区maturation zone成熟区embryophyte有胚植物specific parasitism专性寄生specific saprophyte专性腐生facultative parasitism兼性寄生facultative saprophyte兼性腐生sexual generation有性世代asexual generation无性世代Zoology动物学cell细胞prokaryotic cell原核细胞eukaryotic cell真核细胞protein蛋白质nucleic acid核酸carbohydrate糖lipid脂质protoplasm原生质inclusion内含物cell cycle细胞周期pulmonary alveolus肺泡flagellum鞭毛food vacuole食物泡pinocytosis胞饮作用fission裂体生殖microgamete小配子zygote合子microtubule微管contraction silk 收缩丝merogenesis 卵裂blastocoele 囊胚腔complete cleavage完全卵裂layering分层cynapse突触myoneme肌丝myocyte肌细胞mesoglea中胶层monoecism雌雄同体dioecism雌雄异体velum缘膜radial symmetry辐射对称nerve net神经网planula 浮浪幼虫bilateral symmetry两侧对称mesoderm中胚层tubule cell 管细胞osmoregulation渗透调节acetabulum 腹吸盘oral sucker口吸盘metacercaria囊蚴pseudocoel假体腔cuticle角质膜cloacal pore泄殖孔renette腺肾细emunctory排泄管resting egg休眠卵metamere体节metamerism分节现象sense organ 感觉器periostracum壳皮层prismatic layer壳层nacreous layer珍珠层veliger 面盘幼虫glochidium 钩介幼虫adductor闭壳肌segmentation异律分节linear animal线形动物pericardial cavity围心腔cervical vertebra颈椎sacral vertebra荐椎pulmonary vein肺静脉precaval vein 前腔静脉bladder气囊middle ear中耳tympanum cavity中耳腔amnion羊膜neopallium新皮层lagena 瓶状囊wishbone叉骨postcaval vein后腔静脉glandular stomach腺胃air sac气囊salt gland盐腺sclerotic ring 巩膜骨viviparity胎生placenta胎盘allantois尿囊rumen瘤胃bursa of fabricius 腔上囊masticatory stomach肌胃reticulum网胃omasum瓣胃abomasum皱胃cochlea耳蜗earthworm蚯蚓internal naris内鼻孔amniota羊膜动物arthropod节肢动物coelenterate腔肠动物annelid环节动物cell membrane&plasma membrane细胞膜epithelial tissue上皮组织connective tissue结缔组织cartilage tissue软骨组织osseous tissue骨组织muscular tissue肌肉组织cardiac muscle心肌intercalated disc闰盘Nissl's body尼氏小体colony &group群体meroblastic cleavage不完全卵裂colonial theory 群体说gastrovascular cavity消化循环腔muscle system肌肉体系excretory system排泄系统reproductive system生殖系统digestive system消化系统archinephric duct原肾管basal lamina & basal membrane基膜cross-fertilization异体受精self-fertilization自体受精final host终寄主first intermidate host第一中间寄主semicircular canal半规管second intermediate host第二中间寄主Genetics遗传学heredity 遗传variation 变异gene 基因pisum sativum 豌豆segregation 分离gamete 生殖细胞zygote 合子allele 等位基因genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型test cross 测交oryza sativa 水稻diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体centromere 着丝粒satellite 随体linker 连丝mitosis 有丝分裂mesoblast中胚层spindle 纺锤体interphase 间期spindle fiber 纺锤丝vicia faba蚕豆nucleoplasm 核质spermatogenous 精原细胞oogonium 卵原细胞spermatid 精细胞Phenocopy 拟表型epistasis上位效应mutant突变型gametic lethal配子致死zygotic lethal合子致死autosome 常染色体dominant lethal显性致死carrier 携带者homozygote 纯合体heterozygote 杂合体genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型linkage group 连锁群interference 干涉coincidence 并发率genetic map 遗传学图wild type野生型mutation 突变heterokaryon 异核体auxotroph 营养缺陷型strain 菌株recipient 受体donor 供体fragment 片段induction 诱导prophage 原噬菌体transduction 转导Mendel’s laws 孟德尔定律law of segregation 分离定律first filial generation 子一代parental generation 亲代dominant character 显性性状recessive character 隐性性状hereditary determinant 遗传因子parental combination 亲组合recombination 重组合punnett square 棋盘法Mendelian character 孟德尔性状primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕nucleolar organizer 核仁形成区first polar body 第一极体second polar body 第二极体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体female gametic nucleus 卵核multiple alleles 复等位基因sex-chromosome性染色体sex-linked inheritance 伴性遗传primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕complementary gene互补基因homologous chromosome 同源染色体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体secondary oocyte 次级卵母细胞three-point testcross 三点测交primary spermatocyte 初级精母细胞secondary spermatocyte 次级精母细胞first division segregation 第一次分裂分离second division segregation 第二次分裂分离law of independent assortment 自由组合定律Biochemistry 生物化学essential element必需元素trace elements微量元素proteoglycan蛋白聚糖amino acid氨基酸primary structure 一级结构random coil无规卷曲structural domain 结构域subunit亚基degeneration变性adenine腺嘌呤guanine鸟嘌呤cytosine胞嘧啶thymine胸腺嘧啶uracil尿嘧啶nucleoside 核苷nucleotide核苷酸base pairing碱基配对base pair碱基对数base碱基数gyrase旋转酶nucleosome核小体complementary DNA互补DNA plasmid质粒transposons转座子repetitive sequence重复序列exon外显子intron内含子variable loop可变环ribonuclease核糖核酸酶renaturation复性hyperchromic effect增色效应base stacking force碱基堆积力annealing退火melting-out temperature熔解温度hypochromic effect减色效应maltose麦芽糖sucrose蔗糖lactose乳糖starch淀粉glycogen糖原cellulose纤维素cellulase纤维素酶selectivity选择性substrate底物holoenzyme全酶cofactor辅因子coenzyme辅酶oxidase氧化酶metabolism新陈代谢assimilation同化作用catabolism异化作用metabolite代谢产物biological oxidation 生物氧化cytochrome细胞色素rotenone鱼藤酮amytal阿密妥antimycin A抗霉素A cyanide氰化物glycolysis糖酵解ethanol乙醇citrate柠檬酸cis-aconitate 顺乌头酸succinic acid琥珀酸oxaloacetic acid草酰乙酸acetyl-coenzyme乙酰辅酶fumarate延胡索酸glyoxylate cycle 乙醛酸循环malate苹果酸fatty acid 脂肪酸carbon unit一碳单位replicon复制子core enzyme 核心酶primosome引发体Okazaki fragment冈崎片段leading chain 前导链lagging strand后随链terminator终止子telomere端粒telomerase端粒酶replication fork复制叉vector载体promoter启动子terminator终止子operon操纵子codon密码子degeneracy简并性hormone激素citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环deamination脱氨基作用urea cycle尿素循环euchromatin常染色质messenger RNA信使RNAtransfer RNA转移RNA ribosome RNA核糖体RNA metabolic regulation代谢调节feedback regulation反馈调节structural gene结构基因promoter gene启动基因operator gene操纵基因regulator gene调节基因termination factor终止因子triplet code三联体密码initiator codon起始密码termination codon终止密码semiconservative replication半保留复制ornithine cycle鸟氨酸循环ketogenic amino acid生酮氨基酸glucogenic amino acid生糖氨基酸oxidative deamination氧化脱氨作用transamination转氨基作用reverse transcription逆转录decarboxylation脱羧作用semidiscontinuous replication半不连续复制reverse transcriptase 逆转录酶missense mutation错义突变synonymous mutation同义突变neutral mutation中性突变nonsense mutation无义突变phosphatidic acid 磷脂酸essential amino acids 必需氨基酸dihydrouracil loop二氢尿嘧啶环anticodon loop反密码子环double-strand circular DNA 双链环形DNA superhelical DNA 超螺旋DNA open circular DNA 开环DNA linear DNA 线形DNAbase stacking force 碱基堆积力secondary structure二级结构super-secondary structure超二级结构tertiary structure三级结构quaternary structure四级结构negative supercoil DNA负超螺旋DNApositive supercoil DNA正超螺旋DNAGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate甘油醛-3-二磷酸glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸restriction endonuclease限制性内切酶polymerase chain reaction聚合酶链反应Microbiology微生物学living creatures 生物culture medium 培养基lawn菌苔culture plate 培养平板bacteria 细菌archaea 古生菌eukaryote真核生物prokaryote 原核生物protozoan 原生动物hypha 菌丝mycoplasma 支原体yeast 酵母菌plasmolysis 质壁分离Escherichia Coli大肠杆菌murein胞壁质peptidoglycan 肽聚糖mucopeptide黏肽outer membrane外膜chromosome染色体nucleolus 核仁nucleoid 拟核chromatin 染色质centromere 着丝粒telomere 端粒protoplast 原生质体mycoplasma 支原体glycoprotein 糖蛋白mesosome 间体cytoplasm细胞质megnetosome磁小体nucleoid拟核glycocalyx 糖被capsule 荚膜flagellum 鞭毛lysosome 溶酶体chloroplast 叶绿体thylakoid类囊体inorganic salt 无机盐peptone 蛋白胨sulfur bacteria 硫细菌beef extract牛肉膏vitamin 维生素inclusion body 内含物lithotroph 无机营养型medium 培养基agar 琼脂organotroph 有机营养型antiport 逆向运输active transport 主动运输pinocytosis 胞饮作用catabolism 分解代谢passive transport 被动运输uniport 单向运输anabolism 合成代谢fermentation发酵batch culture 分批培养log phase 对数生长期stationary phase 稳定生长期lag phase 迟缓期decline phase衰亡期aerobe 好氧菌antibiotic 抗生素antigenome 反基因组transformation 转化genome 基因组plasmid 质粒transforming factor 转化因子diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体transposable element 转座因子conjugation接合作用transposon转座子phenotype 表型genotype基因型auxotroph营养缺陷型wild-type野生型transition 转换transversion 颠换spontaneous mutation 自发突变reverse mutation 回复突变sexduction 性导transduction 转导promoter 启动子operon 操纵子recombination repair 重组修复repressor 阻遏蛋白corepressor辅阻遏物clone 克隆denaturation 变性annealing 退火extension 延伸cloning vector 克隆载体replicon 复制子telomere 端粒cohesive end 黏性末端promoter 启动子terminator 终止子gene therapy 基因治疗phylogeny 系统发育ammonification 氨化作用nitrification 硝化作用denitrification 反硝化作用expression vector 表达载体aerobic respiration有氧呼吸anaerobic respiration无氧呼吸origin of replication 复制起始点incompatibility 不亲和性gene mutation 基因突变synonymous mutation 同义突变chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变missense mutation 错义突变frame-shift mutation 移码突变lactose operon 乳糖操纵子negative transcription control 负转录调控tryptophan operon 色氨酸操纵子cytoplasmic inheritance 细胞质遗传genetic engineering 基因工程recombinant DNA technology 重组DNA技术palindromic structure 回文结构spread plate method 涂布平板法pour plate method 倾注培养法streak plate method 平板划线法shake tube method 稀释摇管法continuous culture 连续培养。

生物化学英文词汇

生物化学词汇VOL.1tabun 塔崩，二甲氨基氰磷酸乙酯[有机磷毒物]tachykinin 速激肽tachysterol 速固醇，速甾醇tacrine 塔克林tag 标记〔物〕，标志；尾〔端〕tagatose 塔格糖tagging 标记tail 尾〔部〕；[噬菌体]尾部tail growth 尾增长[如用于描述聚合酶作用机理]tail tube [噬菌体]尾管tailing 加尾tailing peak 拖尾峰tailpoxin 泰攀蛇毒素talin 踝蛋白[膜下的一种细胞骨架蛋白，见于粘着斑]talopeptide 端肽talose 塔罗糖tamoxifen 三苯氧胺tandem enzyme 串联酶[同一多肽具有不同的酶活性]tannase 鞣酸酶tannin 鞣质，单宁tannin red 鞣红taq DNA ligase taq DNA连接酶targeted 定向的targeted toxin 导向毒素targeting sequencing 前导序列，导向序列targeting signal 引导信号，导向信号tautomerism 互变异构tautomerization 互变异构化tautomycin 互变霉素taxis 趋〔向〕性taxol 红豆杉醇，紫杉酚taxon 分类单位，分类群tectivirus 复层病毒[一类噬菌体]tektin 筑丝蛋白[与中间丝相类似的一种可形成丝状聚体的蛋白]telecrine 远距分泌，远程分泌teleocidin 杀鱼菌素teliospore 冬孢子telomerase 端粒〔末端转移〕酶telomere 端粒telopeptide 端肽telophase 末期telosynapsis 对端联会tenascin 腱生蛋白，肌腱蛋白[由星形细胞合成并释放，可调节细胞的形态]tendo 腱tenericute 无壁〔细〕菌[缺乏胞壁的细菌]teniposide 表鬼臼毒噻吩糖苷tensin 力蛋白[可维持微丝锚着点的力]tenuin 细丝蛋白，细棒蛋白[一种肌肉蛋白]tenuivirus 细病毒组[一组植物病毒，模式成员是水稻条叶枯病毒]teratocarcinoma 畸胎癌[恶性的畸胎癌]teratogen 致畸剂teratoma 畸胎瘤[由来自胚层，中胚层和外胚层的混合组织组成的良性肿瘤]terminalization 〔末〕端化terminase 末端酶[如见于λ噬菌体，可切除cos位点]terminator 终止子；终止剂terminus 末端terpene 萜terpenoid 类萜，萜类化合物terrace 平台testa 种皮testosterone 睾酮tetanolysin 破伤风〔菌〕溶血〔毒〕素tetanospasmin 破伤风〔菌〕痉挛〔毒〕素tetrads 四联球菌[四个球菌作正方形排列]tetraethylammonium 四乙铵tetrahydrobiopterin 四氢生物蝶呤tetrahydrofolate 四氢叶酸；四氢叶酸盐、酯、根tetrahydrofuran 四氢呋喃tetrahydroisoquinoline 四氢异喹啉tetrahymena 四膜虫属tetraiodothyronine 四碘甲状腺原氨酸，甲状腺素tetramer 四聚体tetramethylsilane 四甲基硅烷tetraphenylphosphonium 四苯金粦tetraploid 四倍体tetraploidy 四倍性tetrasaccharide 四糖tetrasome 四体(染色体)生物tetrasomy 四体性tetraspore 四分孢子tetravirus 四病毒tetrazole 四唑[在DNA合成反响作为缩合剂]tetrodotoxin 〔河〕豚毒素texas Red [商]德克萨斯红[Molecular Probe公司生物学燃料的商标，是磺基罗丹明101的两种单磺酰氯衍生物的混合物]thalassemia 地中海贫血，珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血thallophyte 原植体植物thallospore 体裂孢子，无梗孢子thallus [真菌]菌体thapsigargin 毒胡萝卜素，毒胡萝卜酯thaumatin 奇〔异果〕甜蛋白[在热带灌木奇异果的果实中法线的一种甜蛋白]thelykaryon 雌核thelyplasm 雌质thelytoky 产雌孤雌生殖theoflavin 茶黄素[茶中的多元酚氧化产物]theophylline 茶碱，1,3-二甲基黄嘌呤thermolysin 嗜热菌蛋白酶thermophile 嗜热生物thermophilic 嗜热的，耐热的thermus aquaticus 粞热水生菌thevetin 黄花夹竹桃苷thiaole 噻唑thienamycin 噻烯霉素thigmotaxis 趋触性thioesterase 硫酯酶thioglucosidase 硫葡糖苷酶thiokinase 硫激酶thiolase 硫解酶thiolutin 硫藤黄素thionin 硫素[一类富含Cys的植物抗病蛋白]thionine 硫堇thiophene 噻吩thiophenol 苯硫酚thioredoxin 硫氧还蛋白thiosemicarbazide 氨基硫脲thiosemicarbazone 缩氨基硫脲thiostrepton 硫链丝菌肽thiouracil 硫尿嘧啶thoracic duct 胸导管thrombin 凝血酶thrombocytasthenia 血小板无力症thrombocytopathy 血小板病thrombocytopenia 血小板减少thrombocytosis 血小板增多thromboglobulin 血小板球蛋白thrombolytics 溶栓剂thrombomodulin 凝血调节蛋白，〔血〕栓调〔节〕蛋白[皮细胞的膜蛋白，凝血酶的受体]thromboplastin 促凝血酶原激酶thromboplastinogen 促凝血酶原激酶原thrombopoiesis 血小板生成thrombopoietin 血小板生成素thrombospondin 血小板反响蛋白[一种可承受促分裂原刺激的钙结合糖蛋白，对血栓块有稳thrombosthenin 血栓收缩蛋白thromboxane 凝血烷，血栓烷thuricin 云金菌素thylakoid 类囊体thymic 胸腺的thymidine 胸〔腺嘧啶脱氧核〕苷thymidylate 胸苷酸thymine 胸苷嘧啶thymocrescin 胸苷促生长素thymocyte 胸腺细胞thymolphthalein 百里酚酞，麝香草酚酞thymolsulfonphthalein 百里酚蓝，麝香草酚蓝thymopoietin 胸腺〔细胞〕生成素thymosin 胸腺素thymulin 胸腺〔九〕肽[胸腺上皮细胞分泌的一种金属肽激素]thynnin 鲔精蛋白thyroglobulin 甲状腺球蛋白thyroliberin 促甲状腺素释放素thyromodulin 促甲状腺素调节素[可调节促甲状腺素的释放]thyronine 甲状腺原氨酸thyrotrophin 促甲状腺素thyrotropin 促甲状腺素thyroxine 甲状腺素ti plasmid Ti质粒，根瘤诱导质粒titin 肌联蛋白，粗丝联接蛋白tobamovirus 烟草花叶病毒组tobramycin 妥布拉霉素tobravirus 烟草脆裂病毒组tocopherol 生育酚toeprinting 趾纹法togavirus 披膜病毒toleragen 耐受原tomatidine 番茄碱，番茄苷配基tomatine 番茄苷tombusvirus 番茄丛矮病毒组tomography 断层照相tomoscan 断层扫描tonoplast 液泡形成体，液泡膜topoisomerase 拓扑异构酶totipotency [分化]全能性totipotent cell 全能细胞totivirus 全病毒toxemia 毒血症toxicosozin 抗毒防卫素toxoid 类毒素toyocamycin 丰加霉素trachea 气管tracheid 管胞[见于植物]track [电泳]泳道tract 段，片，〔序列〕段，序列〔片〕trans effect 反位效应trans elimination 反式消除transacetylase 转乙酰〔基〕酶transacetylation 转乙酰〔基〕作用transacylase 转酰〔基〕酶transacylation 转酰基作用transaldolase 转酰酶transaminase 转氨酶transamination 转氨基作用，氨基交换transcarbamylase 转氨甲酰〔基〕酶transcarbocylase 转羧〔基〕酶transcobalamin 钴胺传递蛋白transcortin 运皮质〔激〕素蛋白，皮质〔激〕素运载蛋白transcribed spacer 〔可〕转录间隔区transcript 转录物transcriptase 转录酶transcription 转录transcytosed protein 胞转蛋白transcytosis 胞〔吞〕转〔运作用〕，转胞吞〔作用〕transcytotic vesicle 胞转小泡transdeamination 联合脱氨〔基〕作用transdetermination 转决〔定〕transdifferentiation 转分化transducer 转导物，转导器，转导蛋白transducin 转导素[一种可激活cGMP 特异性磷酸二酯酶的G蛋白]transductant 转导子，转导体transduction 转导[以病毒为媒介的基因转移]；[信号]转导，转换，传导transesterification 转酯〔作用〕，酯基转移〔作用〕，酯交换〔作用〕transfectant 转染子transfection 转染[通过病毒核酸进入细胞而实现的遗传转化]transfectoma 转染瘤transfer cell 传递细胞[见于植物]transfer DNA 转化DNA[Ti质粒上能转移至植物基因组的DNA]transferase 转移酶transferon 转移决定子[决定某一蛋白从一个区室转移到另一个区室的序列要素]transferrin 运铁蛋白transformant 转化体transformation 转化transframe protein 跨读框蛋白〔质〕transgene 转基因[整合到转基因动植物基因组中的外源基因]transgenic 转基因的transgenics 转基因学transgenome 转移基因组transglycosylase 转糖基酶，转糖苷酶transglycosylation 转糖基作用，转糖苷作用transgressive 超亲的transhydrogenase 转氢酶transhydroxylation 转羟基〔作用〕，羟基转移transhydroxylmethylase 转羟甲基酶transillumination 透照，透射transilluminator 透照仪，透射仪transition 〔碱基〕转换；过度；跃迁transketolase 转酮酶translation 翻译；平移translation hop 翻译跳步[翻译时越过某些密码子]translational intron 翻译含子[翻译过程中被绕过的mRNA局部编码序列]translocation 运输，转运；易位，转位translocator 转运蛋白translocon 易位子transmembrane 跨膜的transmissible 可传递的〔遗传〕的transmitter 递质transpeptidase 转肽基酶transpeptidation 转肽作用transpeptidylase 转肽基酶transpeptidylation 转肽基作用transpiration 蒸腾作用transporter 转运蛋白，运载蛋白transposable 转座的transposase 转座酶transposition 转座〔作用〕transpositional 转座的transposon 转座子transsulfation 转磺基作用，转硫磺酸基作用transthyretin 运甲状腺素蛋白，甲状腺素运载蛋白transversion 〔碱基〕颠换trasylol [商]胰Kunitz胰蛋白酶抑制剂[Bayer公司商标]traumatin 愈伤激素，创伤激素trehalase 海藻糖酶trehalose 海藻糖treponema 密螺旋体属triacetin 三乙酰甘油酯trichoderma 木霉菌属trichodermin 木霉菌素trichome 〔细菌〕毛状体trichomycin 抗滴虫霉素，曲古霉素trichophyton 毛癣菌属trichoplusia ni 粉纹夜蛾trichosanthin 天花粉蛋白trichothecin 单端孢菌素trimethoprim 三甲氧苄二氨嘧啶[抗代物，二氢叶酸类似物]triskelion 三脚蛋白体，三脚蛋白复合体[网格蛋白由三条重链和三条轻链组成，在电镜下呈现特殊的三脚形]trisome 三体〔染色体〕生物trisomy 三体性tristearin 三硬脂酰甘油酯triterpene 三萜triton [商]曲通，非离子型去污剂tropane 托烷trophoblast 滋养层trophonucleus 滋养核tropocollagen 原胶原tropoelastin 原弹性蛋白tropomodulin 原肌球调节蛋白【可与原肌球蛋白结合】tropomyosin 原肌球蛋白troponin 肌钙蛋白truffles 块菌[一类真菌]trypan blue 台盼蓝，锥虫蓝trypanosome 锥虫trypsin 胰蛋白酶trypsinization 胰蛋白酶消化trypsinogen 胰蛋白酶原tryptamine 色胺tryptone 胰〔蛋白酶〕化〔酪〕蛋白胨tryptophyllin 色氨肽tubercidin 杀结核菌素tuberculin 结核菌素tubocurarine 筒箭毒，管箭毒碱，箭毒块茎碱tubulin 微管蛋白tumoricidal 杀肿瘤的tumorigenesis 致瘤，肿瘤发生tumorigenicity 致瘤性tunicamycin 衣霉素tunicate 被囊动物turanose 松二糖tween [商]吐温[ICI Americas公司商标，非离子型去污剂]twichin 颤搐蛋白[一种肌肉蛋白，具有调节肌肉收缩的功能]tygon [商]聚乙烯[Norton公司商标]tylophora alkaloid 娃儿藤属生物碱tylophorine 娃儿藤碱tylophorine alkaloid 娃儿藤属生物碱tylosin 泰乐菌素tymovirus 芜菁黄花叶病毒组tyndallization 间歇灭菌〔法〕tyramine 酪胺tyrocidine 短杆菌酪肽tyrosinase 酪氨酸酶tyrothricin 短杆菌素，混合短杆菌肽tyrotoxin 酪毒素，氢氧化偶氮苯tyrphostin 酪氨酸磷酸化抑制剂tyvelose 泰威糖，3,6-二脱氧甘露糖。

生物学专业英语词汇（C）_生物化学英语词汇

c horizon c 层c protein c 蛋白c test 放射性碳测定年代法c/n ratio 碳氮比c4plant c4植物c5plant c5 植物ca dependent protease 钙相依性蛋白酶cabbage 甘蓝cabbage b virus 甘蓝 b 病毒cable theory 电缆论cabot's ring 卡伯特氏环cacao tree 可可树cachexy 恶液质cacogenesis 杂交无能cacosmia 恶臭cacti 仙人掌cactus 仙人掌cadaver 尸体cadaverine 尸胺cadmium 镉caecum 盲肠caenogenesis 新生发生caespitosa 丛生caespitose plant 簇生植物caffeic acid 咖啡酸caffeine 咖啡因cage management 笼养cage rearing 笼养cainozoic era 新生代cairns type molecule 结构cakiphyte 适钙植物calamus 羽根calathiform 杯形的calcaneum 跟骨calcaneus 跟骨calcar 距calcareous algae 石灰质海草calcareous body 石灰小体calcareous corpuscule 石灰小体calcareous sponges 石灰海绵类calcicole 适钙植物calcicolous plant 适钙植物calciferol 骨化醇calciferous gland 石灰质腺calcification 钙化calcified seaweed 石灰质海草calciform cell 杯形细胞calciphilous plant 适钙植物calciphobe 避钙植物calciphobous plant 避钙植物calcitonin 降钙素calcium 钙calcium chloride 氯化钙calcium current 钙流calcium eluviation 钙淋洗calcium phosphate gel 磷酸钙凝胶calcium pump 钙泵calculating machine 计算器calculator 计算器calculus 结石calf bone 腓骨calibration curve 校准曲线call note 呼唤性鸣声calling song 呼唤性鸣声callosity 皮肤硬结callus 愈伤组织callus differentiation 愈伤组织分化callusogenesis 愈伤组织发生caloric value 热值calorie intake 卡摄入calorification 热产生calorigenesis 热量产生calorimeter 卡计calvin cycle 卡尔文氏循环calving fever 授乳热calyciform 萼状的calycle 副萼calyculus 副萼calymma 囊外原生质calyptra 根冠calyptrogen 根冠原calyx 萼calyx lobe 萼片calyx tube 萼筒cambial activity 形成层活性cambium 形成层cambium activity 形成层活性cambium zone 形成层cambrian 寒武纪cambrian period 寒武纪camouflage 伪装campanaceous 钟状的campaniform 钟状的campanulate 钟状的campbell model 坎贝尔模型camphor 樟脑campylospermous 弯种子的campylotropous ovule 弯生胚珠canada balsam 加拿大香胶canada turpentine 加拿大香胶canal 管canal of laurer 劳氏管canal system 沟系canaliculus 小管canary 金丝雀canary bird 金丝雀cancer 癌cancer cell 癌细胞cancer gene 癌基因cancerocidal substance 抑癌物质cancerogenesis 癌发生cancerogenesis promoter 肿瘤诱发物cancerogenic substance 致癌因子cane 苇cane sugar 甘蔗糖canine 犬的canine fossa 犬齿窝canine tooth 犬牙cannibalism 同类相食cannula 套管canopy 授层canopy density 林冠密度canyon 峡谷cap 极帽cap structure 帽结构capacity 包容力capacity for absorption 吸收能力capacity of germinating 发芽能力capillaceous 毛状的capillarity 毛细酌capillaroscope 毛细管显微镜capillary 毛细管capillary network 毛细管网络capillary vessel 毛细血管capillary water 毛细管水capillitium 孢丝capitulum 头状花序caponising 鸡去势capric acid 癸酸capronic acid 己酸caprylic acid 辛酸capsid 壳体capsomer 衣壳体capsomere 衣壳体capsula 孢蒴capsular antigen 荚膜抗原capsular bacterium 荚膜细菌capsular polysaccharide 荚膜多糖类capsularfruit 蒴果capsule 被膜capsulea 孢蒴capsulogenous gland 卵壳腺captacula 头丝capture 捕获capture recapture method 标记重捕法carapace 背甲carbamate kinase 氨基甲酸激酶carbamyl phosphate 氨基甲酰磷酸盐carbocyclic compound 碳环化合物carbohydrase 糖酶carbohydrate 碳水化合物carbohydrate metabolism 碳水化合物代谢carbohydrate reserve 炭水化合物储备carbolic acid 苯酚carboligase 聚醛酶carbon assimilation 碳同化carbon content 碳含量carbon cycle 碳循环carbon dioxide 二氧化碳carbon dioxide fixation 碳酸气固定carbon monoxide 一氧化碳carbon monoxide bacterium 一氧化碳细菌carbon nitrogen ratio 碳氮比carbonic acid 碳酸carbonic acid adsorption 碳酸吸附carbonic acid anhydride 碳酸酐carbonic acid content 碳酸含量carbonic acid gas 二氧化碳carbonic anhydrase 碳酸酐酶carboniferous period 石炭纪carbonization 碳化carbonuria 碳酸尿carboxyhaemoglobin 碳氧血红蛋白carboxyl group 羧基carboxyl terminal analysis 羧基末端分析carboxylase 羧化酶carboxylic acid 羧酸carboxymethyl cellulose 羧甲基纤维素carboxypeptidase 羧基肽酶&?憎carcase 尸体carcass 尸体carcinoembryonic antigen 癌胚抗原carcinogen 致癌因子carcinogenophore 致癌中心carcinoid 类癌瘤carcinolysin 溶癌素carcinoma 恶瘤carcinosarcoma 癌肉瘤cardia 心脏的cardiac 贲门cardiac glycoside 强心甙cardiac muscle 心肌cardiac nerve 心脏神经cardiac orifice 贲门cardiac pouch 贲门囊cardiac reflex 心脏反射cardiac sac 心囊cardiac valve 心瓣cardiac ventricle 心室cardinal vein 植脉cardiolipin 心磷脂cardiopathy 心脏病cardiophyllous 心形叶的cardiovascular system 心血管系统carina 龙骨突carinate 龙骨状的cariopside 颖果carmine 胭脂红carminic acid 胭脂红酸carnation 荷兰石竹carnification 肉样变carnitine 肉毒碱carnivore 食肉动物carnivorous animal 食肉动物carnivorous plant 食虫植物carnosine 肌肽carotenase 胡蕹卜素酶carotene 胡萝卜素carotenoid 类胡萝卜素carotid 颈动脉carotid artery 颈动脉carotid gland 颈动脉腺carotid sinus 颈动脉窦carotid vein 颈静脉carotin 胡萝卜素carotinase 胡蕹卜素酶carotinoid 类胡萝卜素carp 鲤carpal bone 腕骨carpel 雌蕊叶carpellum 雌蕊叶carpogone 果孢carpogonium 果孢carpophore 心皮柄carpopodite 腕节carpopodium 心皮柄carposporangium 果孢囊carpospore 果孢子carposporophyte 果孢体carpus 腕节carrier 带菌者carrier free 无载体的carrier phage 载体噬体carrier protein 载体蛋白质carrot 胡萝卜cartilage 软骨cartilage bone 软骨性骨cartilage cell 软骨细胞cartilage tissue 软骨组织cartilagineus 软骨的cartilaginos skeleton 软骨cartilaginous bone 软骨性骨cartilaginous fishes 软骨鱼类cartilaginous skull 软骨颅cartilaginous tissue 软骨组织caruncle 种阜caryogamy 核配caryokinesis 核分裂caryolymph 核液caryoplasm 核质caryopsis 颖果caryosome 染色质核仁caryotheca 核膜caryotype 染色体组型cascade reaction 串联反应casein 酪素casein content 酪蛋白含量casette model 磁带模型caste 级caste pheromone 阶层信息素caste system 阶层制caster bean 蓖麻caster oil 蓖麻castoreum 海狸香castrate 去势动物castrated animal 去势动物castration 去势castration cell 去势细胞casual 偶然的casual species 偶见种cat 猫catabolism 分解代射catabolite 分解代谢产物catabolite repression 降解物阻遏catadromous fish 降海产卵鱼catagenesis 退化catalase 过氧化氢酶catalysis 催化酌catalyst 催化剂catalytic center 催化中心catalytic exchange reaction 接触交换反应catalytic reaction 催化反应catalytic triad 催化三分子catalyzer 催化剂cataphyllary leaf 低出叶cataplasia 退化cataract 白内障catastrophe 激变catastrophism 灾变说catatonosis 渗透压降低cataxia 集落分离catching 捕获catchment area 集水盆地catechin 儿茶素catecholamine 几茶酚胺catecholamine receptor 儿茶酚胺感受器catelectrotonus 阴极电紧张catena 链catenated form 连环型catenation 链状排列catenoid colony 链状群体caterpillar 毛虫cathepsin 组织蛋白酶cathode 负极cathode rays 阴极线cation 阳离子cation exchange 碱基交换cation exchange membrane 阳离子交换膜cation exchange resin 阳离子交换尸cationic detergent 阳离子去垢剂catkin 柔荑花序cattle plague 牛疫cauda 尾caudal ala 尾翼caudal artery 尾动脉caudal fin 尾caudal vein 尾静脉caudal vesicle 尾泡caudate nucleus 尾状核caudicle 花粉块柄caulidium 拟茎体cauliflory 老茎开花现象cauliflower 花椰菜cauliflower mosaic virus 花椰菜花叶病毒cauline leaf 茎叶caulis 茎caulome 枝条轴caulorrhizous 茎状根的cave 洞穴cave nesting animals 穴居动物cavernicole 穴居动物cavernicolous animals 穴居动物cavernous body 海绵体cavernous tissue 勃起组织cavity 腔cdna cloning 互补 dna 克隆化cdna probe cdna 探查物cdp ethanolamine cdp 乙醇胺cecidium 虫瘿celeriac 芹菜celery 芹菜cell 细胞cell body 细胞体cell breeding 细胞育种cell culture 细胞培养cell death 细胞死亡cell division 细胞分裂cell enclosure 细胞含物cell engineering 细胞工程cell envelope 细胞外被膜cell free extract 无细胞浸出物cell fusion 细胞融合cell inclusion 细胞含物cell line 细胞株cell lineage 细胞谱系cell membrane 胞膜cell mouth 细胞口cell nucleus 细胞核cell of wing 翅室cell organ 胞器cell plate 细胞板cell sap 细胞液cell theory 细胞说cell wall 胞壁cellfree translation 无细胞系翻译cellobiase 纤维二糖酶cellobiose 纤维二糖cellular immunity 细胞免疫cellular morphology 细胞形态学cellular organization 细胞形成cellular respiration 细胞呼吸cellular sap 细胞液cellular segregation 细胞分离cellular tissue 细胞状组织cellularity 细胞性质cellulase 纤维酶cellulose 纤维素cellulose decomposing bacteria 纤维素分解细菌cellulose decomposing fungi 纤维素分解真菌类cellulose microfibril 纤维素微纤丝cement 牙骨质cement gland 粘腺cement substance 粘合质cementoblast 垩质原细胞cenobiosis 群落生活cenobium 定形群体cenocyte 多核体cenogenesis 新生发生cenosis 群落cenozoic era 新生代center 中心center of asymmetry 非对称中心center of dispersal 分散中心center of distribution 分散中心center of origin 起源中心centipedes 唇足类central body 中心体central canal of spinal cord 脊髓中央管central capsule 中央囊central cell 中央细胞central cylinder 中柱central disc 中盘central dogma 中心法则central excitation 中枢兴奋central inhibition 中枢抑制central lacteal 中心乳糜管central metabolic pathway 中心代谢途经central nervous system 中枢神经系central nervure 中脉central spindle 中心纺锤体centric fusion 着丝粒并合centrifugal force 离心力centrifugal nerve 离心神经centrifugal selection 离心淘汰centrifugal tube 离心管centrifugation 远心沉淀centrifuge 远心沉淀器离心机centrifuge microscope 离心显微镜centriole 中心粒centripetal 向心的centripetal canal 向心水管centripetal inflorescence 向心花序centripetal nerve 向心神经centripetal selection 向心淘汰centrochromatin 中心染色质centrocyte 中央细胞centrodesm 中心体连丝centrodesmose 中心体连丝centrolecithal egg 中黄卵centromere 着丝粒centromere distance 着丝粒距离centromere fiber 着丝粒纤维centromere interference 着丝粒干涉centroplasm 中心质centrosome 中心体centrosphere 中心球centrotaxis 悄性cephalalgie 头痛cephalgia 头痛cephalic 头部的cephalic appendage 头部附肢cephalic filament 头丝cephalic fold 头褶cephalic ganglion 脑神经节cephalic index 头指数cephalic plate 顶板cephalic shield 头盾cephalic slit 头裂cephalic tentacle 头触手cephalic vesicle 脑泡cephalin 脑磷脂cephalization 头向集中cephalochordates 无头类cephalodium 衣瘿cephalopods 头足类cephalosporin 头孢菌素cephalothorax 头胸部cerasin 角苷脂ceratitis 角膜炎cercaria 摇尾幼虫cercus 尾须cereal crops 谷类罪cereals 谷粒cerebellar 小脑的cerebellar hemisphere 小脑半球cerebellar peduncle 小脑脚cerebellum 小脑cerebral convolution 脑回cerebral cortex 大脑皮质cerebral ganglion 脑神经节cerebral hemisphere 大脑半球cerebral nerve 脑神经cerebral sense organ 头感器cerebral ventricle 脑室cerebral vesicle 脑泡cerebration 脑活动cerebroside 脑苷脂cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊髓液cerebrospinal nervous system 脑脊髓神经系统cerebrum 大脑ceriferous 产蜡的ceruloplasmin 血浆铜蓝蛋白cerumen 耵聍耳垢ceruminous gland 耵褓cervical 颈的cervical region 颈部cervical vertebra 颈椎cervix 颈cessation of growth cessation 生长停滞cestoda 绦虫类cg content cg 含量chaeta 刺毛chaetopods 毛足类chaetotaxy 毛序chain 链chain coccus 链球菌chain elongation 链延伸chain molecule 链型分子chain reflex 连锁反射chain termination codon 链终止密码子chalaza 合点;卵带;毛突chalazogamy 合点受精chalice cell 瓶状细胞chalk 白垩chalone 抑素chamaephyte 地上芽植物chamber 室chance for survival 存活机会chance of surviving 存活机会change 变化change of crops 轮作change of function 机能更换channel 管道character 性状character constancy 特性稳定性character displacement 性状替换character gradient 梯度变异characteristic 性状characteristic plant 特詹物characteristic species 特罩charcoal 炭charge transfer complex 电荷传递复合体charged polar amino acid 带电极性氨基酸charophyte 轮藻植物chart 图解chasmogamy 开花受精chasmophyte 岩隙植物check 验证check cross 验证杂交checking 证明验证cheek 颊chela 螯chelate 螯合物chelate compound 螯合物chelating agent 螯合剂chelation 螯合酌chelicera 螯角chelicere 螯角chemical carcinogenesis 化学癌形成chemical correlation 体液相关chemical environment 化学环境chemical equilibrium 化学平衡chemical evolution 化学进化chemical fertilizer 无机肥料chemical mutagenesis 化学突变诱发chemical oncogenesis 化学癌形成chemical oxygen demand 化学耗氧量chemical pest control 化学害虫防治chemical processing 化学处理chemical property 化学性质chemical transmitter 化学传质chemiosmotic hypothesis 化学渗透偶联假说chemo immunology 免疫化学chemoautotroph 化学自养生物chemoheterotroph 化学异养生物chemolithotroph 化能无机自养生物chemolithotrophic bacterium 化学无机营养菌chemolysis 化学分解chemonasty 感药性chemoorganotroph 化能有机营养生物chemoorganotrophic bacterium 化能有机营养菌chemophysiology 生理化学chemoreceptor 化学感受器化学受体chemosmosis 化学渗透chemostat 恒化器chemosynthesis 化学合成chemosystematics 化学分类学chemotactic peptide 钳性肽chemotaxis 签性chemotroph 化学营养生物chemotropism 向药性chernozem 黑土chersophyte 荒地植物chest 胸廓chest height 胸高chest height diameter 胸高直径chestnut soil 栗钙土chewing 咀嚼chi square test 检验chiasma 交叉chiasma frequency 交叉频率chiasma interference 交叉干涉chiasma localization 交叉局部化chiasmatype theory 交叉型理论chickenpox virus 水痘病毒chill 霜chill room 冷却室chilling injury 冷害chilopods 唇足类chimaera 嵌合体chimera 嵌合体chimera callus 嵌合体愈伤组织chimera dna 嵌合体 dna chimeric gene 嵌合体基因chimeric protein 嵌合体蛋白质chin 颏chinese cabbage 白菜chionophile 适雪植物chiropoda 唇足类chiropterans 翼手类chiropterophily 蝙蝠媒chit 枝条chitin 几丁质chitinase 几丁酶chitinous coat 几丁质被膜chitinous plate 几丁质板chitinous substance 几丁质chitosamine 壳糖胺chlamydogonidium 厚垣分生子chlamydospore 厚垣孢子chloragen cell 黄色细胞chloragogen cell 黄色细胞chloral 氯醛chloramphenicol 氯霉素chloramphenicol resistance 抗氯霉素chlorella 小球藻chlorenchyma 绿色组织chloride cell 氯细胞chloride ion potential 氯电位chloride potential 氯电位chlorine 氯chlorinity 氯含量chlorocruorin 血绿蛋白chloroform 氯仿chlorogenic acid 绿原酸chloroglobin 叶绿蛋白chloroperoxidase 氯化物过氧化物酶chlorophyll 叶绿素chlorophyll granule 叶绿体chlorophyllase 叶绿素酶chlorophyllbody 叶绿体chlorophyllin 叶绿酸chlorophyllous granule 叶绿素小粒chlorophyta 绿藻类chlorophyte 绿色植物chloroplast 叶绿体chloroplast ribosome 叶绿体核蛋白体chlorosis 萎黄choana 内鼻孔choanocyte 襟细胞cholamine 胆胺cholanic acid 胆烷酸cholecyst 胆囊choledochal duct 胆总管choleic acid 络胆酸cholera 霍乱cholera enterotoxin 霍乱毒素cholera toxin 霍乱毒素cholesterin 胆甾醇cholesterol 胆甾醇cholesterol oxidase 胆固醇氧化酶cholic acid 胆酸choline 胆碱choline acetylase 胆碱乙酰化酶choline oxidase 胆碱氧化酶cholinergic 胆碱能的cholinergic neuron 胆碱能神经元cholinesterase 胆碱脂酶chondrichthian 软骨鱼类chondrichthyes 软骨鱼类chondrification 软骨化chondrigen 软骨胶原chondrin 软骨胶chondriocont 杆状线粒体chondriokont 杆状线粒体chondriome 线粒体系chondriomere 线粒体区chondriomite 丝状线粒体chondriosome 线粒体chondriosphere 线粒体球chondroblast 成软骨细胞chondroclast 破软骨细胞chondrocranium 软骨颅chondrocyte 软骨细胞chondrogen 软骨胶原chondrogenesis 软骨形成chondroid 软骨的chondroid tissue 软骨样组织chondroitin 软骨素chondroitin lyase 软骨素裂解酶chondroitin sulfate 软骨素硫酸chondrology 软骨学chondromucoid 软骨粘蛋白chondroprotein 软骨蛋白chondrosin 软骨生chondroskeleton 软骨chorda mesoderm 脊诵胚层chorda mesodermal canal 脊诵胚层囊chorda tympani 鼓索chordates 脊睡物chordo mesoblast 脊诵胚层chordotonal organ 弦音器chorio allantoic membrane 尿囊绒膜chorio allantoie membranc 尿囊绒膜chorio allantois 尿囊绒膜chorion 绒膜chorionic gonadotrophin 绒膜促性腺激素chorionic gonadotropic hormone 绒膜促性腺激素chorionic gonadotropin 绒膜促性腺激素chorionic villus 绒膜绒毛choripetalous 离瓣的choripetalous plants 离瓣花类chorismic acid 分支酸choroid 脉络膜chorologic units 生物分布单位chorology 生物分布学chromaffine cell 嗜铬细胞chromaffine reaction 嗜铬反应chromatic figure 染色质像chromatid 染色单体chromatid aberration 染色单体畸变chromatid bridge 染色单体桥chromatin 染色质chromatin body 染色质体chromatin corpuscule 染色质体chromatin network 染色质网络chromatin thread 染色质纽chromatofocusing 色谱焦聚chromatogram 色层谱chromatographic column 色谱柱chromatography 层析法chromatolysis 染色质分解chromatomer 比色计chromatophore 载色体;色素细胞chromatophore organ 色素细胞瀑chromatophores 色素细胞chromatophorotrophin 色素细胞素chromatophorotropic hormone 色素细胞素chromatoplasm 色素质chromic acid 铬酸chromidia 核外染色粒chromiole 染色微粒chromium 铬chromobacterium 色素细菌chromocenter 染色中心chromocyte 色素细胞chromogen 色原chromogenesis 色素生成chromolysis 核质分解chromomere 染色粒chromomeric 染色粒的chromonema 染色线chromopexy 色素固定chromophage 噬色素细胞chromophilic 嗜染的chromophore 发色团chromophytes 有色植物类chromoplast 有色体chromoplastid 有色体chromoprotein 色素蛋白chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变chromosomal mutation 染色体实变chromosomal phenotype 染色体表型chromosomal vesicle 染色体泡chromosome 染色体chromosome aberration 染色体畸变chromosome break 染色体断裂chromosome condensation 染色体凝缩chromosome doubling 染色体复制chromosome duplication 染色体复制chromosome dyad 二分染色体chromosome elimination 染色体丢失chromosome fragment 染色体断片chromosome map 染色体图chromosome number 染色体数chromosome pairing 染色体配对chromosome set 染色体组chromosome translocation 染色体易位chromosomin 染色体蛋白chronaxie 时值chronaxy 时值chronic bacterial enteritis 慢性细菌性肠炎chronic toxicity test 慢性毒性检验chronotropismus 变时性chrysalid 蛹chufa 莎草chyle 乳糜chyle duct 乳糜管chyliferous vessel 乳糜管chylomicron 乳糜微粒chyme 食糜chymosin 凝乳酶chymosinogen 凝乳酶原chymotrypsin 胰凝乳蛋白酶chymotrypsinogen 胰凝乳蛋白酶cicada 蝉cicatrice 疤痕cicatricial tissue 瘢痕组织?骥ciliary band 纤毛环ciliary body 睫状体ciliary ganglion 睫状节ciliary movement 纤毛运动ciliary muscle 睫状肌ciliary process 睫状突ciliary ring 纤毛环ciliated epithelium 纤毛上皮ciliated funnel 纤毛漏斗ciliated groove 纤毛沟ciliates 纤毛虫类ciliation 睫毛ciliature 睫毛cilium 纤毛cinereous 灰色的cinnamic acid 肉桂酸cinnamon 肉桂circadian rhythm 昼夜节律circle of races 品圈circle of species 种圈circle of vegetation 植物界circular canal 环管circular chromosome 环形染色体circular dichroism 圆二色性circular genetic map 环状遗传图circular heteroduplex 环式异源双链核酸分子circular permutation 环状排列circulation 循环怜circulation of blood 血循环circulation of materials 物质循环circulation of sap 汁液怜circulation of substances 物质循环circulatory organ 循环瀑circulatory system 循环系circumferential lamella 基础板层circumnutation 回旋转头运动circumoesophageal commissure 食管神经环circumoesophageal nerve ring 食管神经环circumpolar plant 环极植物cirrhosis 硬变cirrus 棘毛cirrus pouch 阴茎囊cirrus sac 阴茎囊cis arrangement 顺式构型cis configuration 顺式构型cis dominance 顺式优势cis trans effect 顺反效应cis trans test 顺反测验cistron 顺反子cistron analysis 顺反子解析citrate synthase 柠檬酸合酶citric acid 柠檬酸citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环citrin 柠檬素citron 香橼citrulline 瓜氨酸civet 灵猫香cladode 叶状茎cladodium 叶状茎cladogenesis 系支发生cladogram 进化分枝图cladophyll 叶状茎cladophyllum 叶状茎cladophyllumm 叶状茎clan 同种小集团clarifying agent 澄清剂clasmatocyte 破折细胞clasper 抱器clasping leaf 抱茎叶clasping reflex 搂抱反射class 纲classical conditioning 经典条件酌classification 分类classification of organisms 生物分类clastogenesis 诱裂发生clavate 刽状的clavicle 锁骨clavoid 刽状的clavus 脉结claw 钩爪;瓣爪clay 粘土clay accumulation 粘土累积clay formation 粘土累积clayey soil 粘质土壤cleaning symbiosis 清除共生clear cutting 皆伐椎clear egg 未受精卵clear layer 透勉clearing 清除cleavage 开裂cleavage cavity 卵裂腔cleavage division 卵裂分裂cleavage furrow 卵裂沟cleavage nucleus 卵裂核cleft 裂隙cleft foot 裂足cleft leaf 裂叶cleistocarp 瘦果cleistogamic 闭花受精的cleistogamous 闭花受精的cleistogamy 闭花受精climacterium 更年期climagraph 气候图climate 气候climate chamber 人工气候室climatic climax 气候演替顶极climatic factor 气候因子climatic province 气候区climatic succession 气候性演替climatogenic succession 气候性演替climatological data 气象资料climatology 气候学climatope 气候环境climax 顶极climax community 顶极群落climax complex 演替顶极群落复合体climber 攀缘植物climbing root 攀缘根climbing stem 攀缘茎climogram 气候图climograph 气候图cline 梯度变异clinical microbiology 临床微生物学clinostat 回转器clisere 气候演替系列clitellum 环带clitoris 阴蒂cloaca 泄殖腔cloacal aperture 泄殖孔cloacal membrane 泄殖腔膜cloacel opening 泄殖孔clon 克隆clonal culture 无性系培养clonal selection 无性系选择clonal separation 无性系分离clone 克隆clone breeding 克隆育种clone variety 克隆品种cloning 无性繁殖系化cloning vector 克隆载体clonus 阵挛close breeding 近亲交配closed blood vascular system 闭式血管系closed circular dna 闭环 dnaclosed circulatory system 闭式血管系closed community 郁闭群落closed ring 闭环closed univalent 环状一价染色体closed vascular bundle 闭锁维管束closed venation 闭锁脉clostridial disease 梭菌病clostridium 梭状芽孢杆菌clot 凝块clotting 凝固clotting of blood 血凝固clotting time 凝固时间clove oil 丁香油clover 车轴草clover leaf model 三叶草图形clover leaf pattern 三叶草图形club fungi 担子菌类club mosses 石松类club root 根肿病clumped distribution 丛生分布clupeine 鲱精蛋白;鲱精朊cluster 线束clutch 一窝卵clutch of eggs 一窝卵clutch size 窝卵数clypeus 盾部cm cellulose 羧甲基纤维素cnida 刺丝囊cnidaria 刺胞动物cnidoblast 刺细胞cnidocil 刺针cnidocyst 刺丝囊cnidocystic sac 刺胞囊cnidosac 刺胞囊co 一氧化碳co ferment 辅酶co nucleus 辅助核co ordinate binding 配价键co repressor 辅阻遏物co transduction 连接转导co virus 共生病毒co3 二氧化碳co3 fixation 碳酸气固定co3 gross rate 碳酸气总量co3 incubator 碳酸气孵化器co3 net rate co3净量coacervate 聚生的coacervation 凝聚coaction 相互酌coactivator 辅助活化剂coagulability 凝固性coagulant 促凝剂coagulase 凝固酶coagulation 凝固coagulation necrosis 凝固性坏死coagulometer 凝血计coagulum 凝块coal 煤coalescence 连着coalescence of eggs 卵接合coalescent pistil 合生雌蕊coarctate pupa 围蛹coarse ash 粗灰分coarse hair 粗毛coastal desert 海岸荒漠coastal swamp 潮沼盐泽coastal vegetation 海岸植被coat 皮套coat protein gene 外壳蛋白基因coated seed 小丸剂状种子cobalamin 维生素b12 cobalamine 钴胺素cobalt 钴cobweb 蜘蛛巢cocaine 可卡因cocarboxylase 辅羧酶cocarcinogen 辅致癌剂coccid 介壳虫coccus 球菌coccygeal muscle 尾骨肌coccygeal vertebra 尾椎coccyx 尾骨cochlea 耳蜗cochlear canal 蜗管cochlear duct 蜗管cochleate 蜗牛状的cock 雄鸡coconut milk 椰子乳cocoon 茧cocoonase 茧化酶cod 荚code 密码code reading 密码解读codeine 可待因codificaiton 编码coding 编码codominance 共显性codominant 共显性种codon 密码子coefficient of diffusion 扩散系数coefficient of heritability 遗传率系数coefficient of kindship 同种交配系数coefficient of relationship 血缘系数coefficient of variation 变异系数coefficient of viscosity 粘性系数coelenterates 腔肠动物coelenteron 腔肠coeliac artery 腹腔动脉coeloblastula 有腔囊胚coelogastrula 有腔原肠胚coelom 体腔coelom theory 体腔说coelomaria 体腔动物coelomata 体腔动物coelomic 体腔coelomic cavity 体腔coelomic epithelium 体腔上皮coelomic fluid 体腔液coelomic pouch 体腔囊coelomic sac 体腔囊coelomoduct 体腔管coenobiosis 群落生活coenobium 定形群体coenogamete 无隔多核配子coenogenesis 新生发生coenosarc 共肉coenosis 群落coenospecies 近群种coenotype 群落型coenzyme 辅酶coenzyme q 辅酶 qcofactor 辅助因子cognitive psychology 识别心理学cohabitation 共生生活cohesion movement 内聚运动cohesive end 粘性末端cohesive force 内聚力cohesiveness 粘结性coincidence 交叉并发coincidence index 并发指数cointegrate 共整合子coition 交配coitus 交配col factor 大肠菌素因子colalescence 愈合colamine 胆胺colchicine 秋水仙碱cold blooded animal 冷血动物cold death 冻死cold front 寒冷前线cold injury 寒害cold point 冷点cold resistance 耐寒性cold spot 冷点cold stimulus 冷温刺激cold treatment 冷处理cold water species 冷水种cold zone 寒带coldness index 寒冷指数coleopterans 鞘翅类coleoptile 胚芽鞘coleoptile curvature bioassay 燕麦试法coleorhiza 胚根鞘colibacillus 大肠杆菌colibacteriophage 大肠菌噬菌体colicin 大肠菌素colicin tolerance 大肠杆菌素耐性colicinogenic factor 大肠菌素因子colicinogenicity 产大肠杆菌素性colinearity 共线性colitis 大肠炎collagen 胶原collagen disease 胶原病collagen fibre 胶原纤维collagenase 胶原酶collagenic 胶原的collagenic fibre 胶原纤维collagenous fibre 胶原纤维collapse 虚脱collar 襟collar bone 锁骨collar cavity 领腔collar cell 襟细胞collateral circulation 侧循环collateral fiber 并列纤维collateral inheritance 旁亲遗传collateral vascular bundle 外韧维管束collective fruit 聚花果collectivity 集合性collector 收集器collenchyma 厚角组织collenchyma cell 厚角细胞collenchymatous cell 厚角细胞collenchyme 厚角组织collodion 火棉胶colloid 胶质colloid complex 胶质复合体colloid osmotic pressure 胶体渗透压colloidal chemistry 胶体化学colloidal particle 胶体微粒colloidal solution 胶质溶液colloidal state 胶态collum 颈colon 结肠colon bacterium 大肠杆菌colonial nesting 繁殖集落colonometer 菌丛计算器colony 群体colony counter 菌落计数器colony formation 集落形成colony hybridization method 菌落杂交法colony transformation 菌落转化colophonium 松香colorimeter 比色计colorimetry 比色法colostrum 初乳colour 色colour blindness 色盲colour breaking 彩斑colour change 色变化colour reaction 显色反应colour sense 色觉colour trap 色陷阱colour vision 彩色视觉colouration 着色colt 马驹columella 轴柱columellar muscle 螺轴肌column 合蕊柱column chromatography 柱色谱法columnar cell 柱状细胞columnar epithelium 柱状上皮coma 昏迷comb 蜜房comb gill 栉鳃comb honey 蜂窝蜜comb plate 栉板combination 组合combination colour 合成色combined enzyme agent 酶复合体剂combined water 结合水combining ability 配合力combustion quotient 燃烧率comfort behavior 舒适行为coming into ear 穗头出现commaless code 无逗点密码command cell 指令神经元command neuron 指令神经元commensal 同住者commensal plant 共生植物commensalism 偏利共生commissural fiber 连合纤维commissural organ 连合器commissure 神经连合common bile duct 胆总管common chemical sense 共同化学感觉communication 传达community 群落community complex 群落复合community continuum 植被连续性community development 群落发生community ecology 群落生态学community stability 群落稳定性compact globule 致密小球compact structure 致密结构companion cell 伴胞comparative anatomy 比较解剖学comparative biochemistry 比较生物化学comparative ecology 比较生态学comparative morphology 比较形态学comparing account 比较计算compartment 区划compartmentalization 区域化compartmentation 区域化compass plant 指向植物compatibility 适合性compatibility for plants 植物适合性compatible 亲和的compensating chiasma 补偿交叉compensation 补偿compensation depth 补偿深度compensation point 补偿点compensatory hyperfunction 代偿性机能亢进compensatory hypertrophy 代偿性肥大compensatory pause 代偿间歇competence 受容能competent cell 感应细胞competition 竞争competition for food 食物竞争competition for space 空间竞争competition power of plants 植物竞争力competitive capacity 竞争能力competitive inhibition 竞争抑制complement 补体complement fixation 补体结合complement receptor 补体受体complemental air 补吸气complemental male 补雄complementary chiasma 互补交叉complementary chromatic adaptation 补色适应性complementary nucleus 辅助核complementary pair 互补对complementary seeding 补充播种complementation 互补酌complementation map 互补图complementation test 顺反测验complementation unit 互补单位complete antibody 完全抗体complete cleavage 完全卵裂complete flower 完全花complete medium 完全培养基complete metamorphosis 全变态complete regeneration 完全再生complete transduction 完全转导complex 复合体complex formation constant 复合体形成常数complex gene 复合基因complex lipid 复合脂类complon 互补单位component 构成成分composed phyllotaxis 复合叶序compositae 菊科植物composite egg 复合卵composite fruit 聚合果composite hybridization 复合杂交composite umbel 复伞形花序composites 菊科植物composition 构成compost 肥料compost activator 堆肥促进剂compound 化合物compound crossing over 复合交换compound egg 复合卵compound eye 复眼compound feed 复合饲料compound gland 复腺compound grain 复粒compound inflorescence 复花序compound leaf 复叶compound lipid 复合脂类compound protein 结合蛋白质compound raceme 复总状花序compound spike 复穗状花序compound umbel 复伞形花序compression 压缩compression wood 应压木computer 电子计算机computer center 计算中心comutation 并发突变conalbumin 伴白蛋白concatemer 连环体concatenation 连环酌concave vein 凹脉concealing colouration 隐匿色concentrated fodder 浓缩饲料concentrating culture 加富培养concentration 浓度concentration dependent 浓度有关的concentration gradient 浓度梯度concentric vascular bundle 同心维管束conceptacle 生殖窝conception 受孕conception rate 受孕率conch 贝壳conchiform 蜗牛状的conchiolin 贝壳硬蛋白conchology 贝类学conchyolin 贝壳硬蛋白concrement 结石concrescence 愈合concretion 结石condensation 凝缩condensing enzyme 缩合酶condiments 刀conditional gene 条件基因conditional lethal mutant 条件致死突变体conditional reflex 条件反射conditioned dominance 条件显性conditioned lethal 条件致死因子conditioned medium 条件培养基conditioned response 条件反应conditioned stimulus 条件刺激conditions of existence 生存条件conducing system 传导系conductibility 传导性conducting bundle 输导束conducting system 输导系统conducting tissue 输导组织conduction 传导conduction of impulse 冲动传导conduction of stimulus 剌激传导conduction system 传导系conductivity 传导性cone 球果cone cell 圆锥细胞confidence limit 置信界限configuration 构型conflict behavior 冲突行为confluent lysis 融合溶菌conformation 构象conformational analysis 构象分析conformational transition 构象迁移congealing 固体化congenital 先天的congenital defect 遗传缺陷congenital variation 先天性变异congestion 充血conglomerate 聚块conglutin 蓝豆蛋白congo red 刚果红congruent crossing 适宜交配congruent hybridization 适宜交配conical root 圆锥根conidial stage 分生孢子期conidiophore 分生孢子梗conidiosporangium 分生孢子囊conidiospore 分生孢子conidium 分生孢子conifer 针叶树coniferous forest 针叶林coniferous tree 针叶树conifers 球果植物conjoined twins 联体双生儿conjugant 接合体conjugate movement 共轭运动conjugated bile acid 结合胆汁酸conjugated bilirubin 接合胆红素conjugated protein 结合蛋白质。

生物化学专业英语单词(最新整理)

单词表第一章Prokaryote 原核生物Eukaryote 真核生物fractionation 分级、分馏biomolecule 生物分子organism 生物体、有机体membrane 膜nucleus 细胞核cocci 球菌bacilli 杆菌spirilla 螺旋菌Eubacteria 真细菌Archaebacteria 原细菌Gram-positive 革兰氏阳性菌Gram negative bacteria 革兰氏阴性菌Cyanobacteria 蓝细菌Plasma 细胞浆Mesosome 间体Nuleoid 拟核Sytosol 细胞质、原生质Bilayer 双分子层（膜）Protein 蛋白质Lipid 脂类Carbohydrate 糖类、碳水化合物osmotic pressure 渗透压Peptidoglycan 肽聚糖Subcellular 亚细胞的Ganelle 细胞器Genetic 遗传的Chromosome 染色体ribosomal ribonucleic acid rRNA Endoplasmic reticulum 内质网Phospholipid 磷脂Detoxification 解毒Golgi apparatus 高尔基体Refresh 更新Mitochondria 线粒体oxidative phosphorylation 氧化磷酸化fatty acid 脂肪酸degradation 降解Chloroplasts 叶绿体thylakoid vesicles 类囊体photosynthesis 光合作用Lysosomes 溶酶体Macromolecule 大分子Enzyme 酶Cytoskeleton 细胞支架Metabolic 新陈代谢的Centrifugation 离心Isolate 分离Equilibrium 平衡Density 密度Friction 摩擦力Velocity 速率Supernatant 上清夜Pellet 沉淀第二章Amino acid 氨基酸Enantiomers 对映体Tetrahedral 正四面体的Hydrophobic 疏水的、憎水的Aliphatic 脂肪族的Aromatic 芳香族的Polar 极性的Charged 带电荷的Glycine Gly,甘氨酸alanine Ala,丙氨酸valine Val,缬氨酸leucine Leu,亮氨酸isoleucine Ile,异亮氨酸methionine Met,甲硫氨酸proline Pro,脯氨酸cystine Cys,半胱氨酸Phenylalanine Phe,苯丙氨酸Tyrosine Tyr,酪氨酸Tryptophan Trp,色氨酸Asparagines Asn, 天冬酰胺Glutamine Gln,谷氨酰胺Serine Ser,丝氨酸Threonine Thr,苏氨酸Varginine Arg, 精氨酸Lysine Lys,赖氨酸Histidine His,组氨酸aspartic acid Asp,天冬氨酸glutamic acid Glu,谷氨酸base 碱carboxyl 羧基isoelectric point 等电点positive 正的、阳性的negative 负的、阴性的buffering 缓冲physiological 生理的Primary structure 一级结构Secondary structure 二级结构Tertiary structure 三级结构Quaternary structure 四级结构peptide bond 肽键sequence 顺序、序列covalent Bond 共价键polypeptide 多肽terminal 末端carbonyl 羰基resonance structures 共振结构rigid 刚性的rotate 旋转trans configuration 顺式构象disulfide bonds 二硫键α-helix α-落选hydrogen bond 氢键β-pleated sheet β-折叠片parallel 平行的antiparallel 反平行的random coil 无规卷曲unique 唯一的spatial 空间的arrangement 排列、安排linear sequence 线性序列residue 残基Hydrophobic interaction疏水相互作用Interior 内部的Electrostatic force 静电力salt bridge 盐桥、盐键van der Waals force 范德华力subunit 亚基allosteric effect 变构效应Noncovalent interactions 非共价相互作用protein stability 蛋白质的稳定dimensional 空间的、维的proton 质子donor 供体、赠与者lone pair of electrons 孤对电子collinear 在同一直线上Hydrophobic force 疏水力Nonpolar 非极性Minimize 最小化protein folding 蛋白质折叠Accessory protein 辅助蛋白质molecular chaperones 分子伴侣Myoglobin 肌红蛋白Hemoglobin 血红蛋白prosthetic group 辅基essential 必需的heme 血红素crevice 缝隙protoporphyrin 原卟啉porphyrin 卟啉ferrous 含铁的proximal 最接近的cooperative 协同的noncooperative 非协同的dissociation curve 解离曲线sigmoidal S形曲线hyperbolic 双曲线affinity 亲和性blood capillaries 血管Bohr effect 波尔效应2,3-biphosphoglycerate 2,3-二磷酸甘油酸Mechanism 机制Relaxed state 松弛状态tense state 紧张状态hemoglobinopathies 血红蛋白分子病Sickle-cell anemia 镰刀形细胞贫血症Erythrocyte 红血球sticky patch 粘性小区therapeutic 治疗的Collagen 胶原蛋白Skin 皮肤Bone 骨骼Tendon 腱Cartilage 软骨blood vessel 血管mammal 哺乳动物fibrous 纤维状的tripeptide 三肽的triple-helical 三股螺旋的cross-linke 交联Allysine 醛基赖氨酸Antibodie 抗体immune system 免疫系统pathogen 病原体trigger 引发、触发response 响应、应答antigen 抗原antigenic determine 抗原决定簇epitope 抗原决定簇Immunolocalization 免疫定位Antibody 抗体Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assayELISA酶联免疫吸附测定purification 提纯、纯化Homogenization 匀浆solubilization 溶解Ammonium sulfate 硫酸铵Precipitation 沉淀Dialysis 透析Chromatographic techniques 层析技术gel filtration 凝胶过滤affinity chromatography 亲和层析Electrophoretic techniques 电泳技术isoelectric focusing 等电聚焦SDS polyacrylamide gel eletrophoresisSDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳semi-permeable 半透性ligand 配基inert 惰性的matrix 基质elute 洗出、流出lectin 外源凝集素glycoprotein 糖蛋白molecular sieve 分子筛polyampholytes 聚两性电解质gradient 梯度migrate 迁移、移动chymotrypsin 胰凝乳蛋白酶sequencing 测序2-mercaptoethanol ２－巯基乙醇ninhydrin 茚三酮fluorescamine 荧光胺fluorodinitrobenzene 二硝基氟苯dansyl chloride 丹磺酰氯phenyl isothiocyanate PITC苯异硫氰酸酯fragment 片断、碎片encoding 编码decipher 解读、破译anchor 锚定第三章biocatalyst 生物催化剂active site 活性中心substrate 底物The induced –fit model 诱导契合学说Stereospecificity 立体异构专一性Specificity 专一性Trypsin 胰蛋白酶Elastase 弹性蛋白酶Oxidoreductase 氧化还原酶Transferase 转移酶Hydrolase 水解酶Lyase 裂合酶Isomerase 异构酶Ligase 连接酶Ribozyme 核酶Abzyme 抗体酶catalytic antibody 抗体酶analog 类似物assay 化验、测定optimal 最佳的Coenzyme 辅酶Cofactor 辅因子apoenzyme 脱辅酶holoenzyme 全酶acetylcholinesterase 乙酰胆碱酯酶Nicotinamide 烟酰胺Adenine 腺嘌呤Dinucleotide 二核苷酸Phosphate 磷酸Oxidation 氧化reduction 还原Flavin 黄素Mononucleotide 单核苷酸Acyl 酰基thiamine pyrophosphate 焦磷酸硫胺素decarboxylase 脱羧酶Pyridoxal 吡哆醛Pyridoxamine 吡哆胺Pyridoxine 吡哆醇Ubiquinone 泛醌Isoenzymes 同功酶Kinetic 动力学lactate dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶proportional 成比例的saturate 使饱和thermal 热的denaturation 变性optimum 最适宜的diversity 多样性Michaelis-Menten equation 米氏方程double-reciprocal plot 双倒数作图法inhibition 抑制Inhibitor 抑制剂Metabolite 代谢物Irreversible 不可逆的Reversible 可逆的Competitive 竞争性的Noncompetitive 非竞争性的Probe 探测Clinically 临床上Regulation 调节committed step 关键步骤activator 激活剂Adjust 调节Feedback 反馈Sequential 连续的Branched 分支的Conformational 构象的homotropic effect 同促效应heterotropic effect 异促效应Phosphofructokinase 磷酸果糖激酶Citrate 柠檬酸盐Fructose 2,6 bisphosphate 2,6-二磷酸果糖phosphorylation 磷酸化dephosphorylation 去磷酸化hydroxyl 羟基hormone 激素Glycogen phosphorylase 糖原磷酸化酶Phosphorylate 使磷酸化glycogen synthase 糖原合酶unphosphorylate 使去磷酸化proteolytic 蛋白质水解的proenzymes 酶原zymogen 酶原hydrolysis 水解pancreatic 胰腺的pancreas 胰腺small intestine 小肠blood clotting 血液凝固amplification 扩大cascade 级联第四章boundary 边界compartments 小室Mechanical 机械的signaling 发信号insoluble 不可溶的glycerophospholipids 甘油磷脂类sphingolipids 鞘脂类sterols 固醇类glycerol 甘油sphingosine 鞘氨醇sphingomyelins 鞘磷脂cholesterol 胆固醇steroid 类固醇Amphipathic 两性的Hydrophilic 亲水的Bulky 体积大的self-assemble 自组装的fluidity 流动性rotational 转动的lateral 侧向的Fluid mosaic model 流体镶嵌模型Integral 整体的、内在的Flip 翻跟头integral membrane proteins 内在膜蛋白peripheral membrane proteins外周膜蛋白asymmetry 不对称asymmetrically 不对称地membrane-spaning protein 跨膜蛋白Multiple 多重的Lipid-anchored proteins 脂锚定蛋白Heterokaryon 异核体Fusion 融合Reconstitution 重建Reincorporated 重新合并Extracellular 细胞外的Intercellular 细胞内的Passive transport 被动运输active transport 主动运输concentration 浓度diffusion 扩散saturable 可饱和的facilitated 协助的、推动的symport 同向运送antiport 逆向运送epithelial cells 上皮细胞exocytosis 分泌作用endocytosis 内吞作用phagocytosis 吞噬作用pinocytosis 胞饮作用Receptor mediated endocytosis fusion受体介导的内吞作用debris 碎片transduction 转导Lipophilic 亲脂性的Receptors 受体second messengers 第二信使第五章Nucleic acid 核酸Replication 复制Nucleotide 核苷酸Pyrimidine 嘧啶Guanine 鸟嘌呤Thymine 胸腺嘧啶Cytosine 胞嘧啶Nucleoside 核苷Deoxyribonucleoside 脱氧核糖核苷ribonucleoside 核糖核苷deoxyribonucleotide 脱氧核糖核苷酸genes 基因complementarily 互补地nucleosome 核小体loop 突环rosette 玫瑰花结semi-conservative 半保留的polymerase 聚合酶template 模板primer 引物fork 叉Bidirectional 双向的Okazaki fragments 冈崎片段semi-discontinuous 半不连续的strand 链、一股hybridization 杂交melting temperature 熔融温度renaturation 复性labeled 标记的fluorescent 荧光的tag 标记、标签annealing 退火amplify 增强、扩大The central dogma 中心法则Transcription 转录initiation 起始Elongation 延伸termination 终止promoters 启动子palindrome 回文结构processing 加工splicing 拼接reverse transcription 逆转录第六章genetic code 遗传密码intermediate 中间的、媒介codons 密码子unambiguous 明确的correspond 相应、符合degenerate 简并的mutation 变异incorporation 合并nonoverlapping 不相重叠的reading frames 阅读框aminoacyl-tRNA 氨酰-tRNA peptidyl-tRNA 肽酰-tRNA stem 茎、干、臂anticodon 反密码子translocation 移位第七章metabolism 代谢Saccharides 糖类monosaccharides 单糖aldehyde group 醛基ketone group 酮基Stereoisomers 立体异构体Oligosaccharides 寡糖Glycosidic bond 糖苷键Polysaccharides 多糖Starch 淀粉Cellulose 纤维素Dextran 葡聚糖Amylose 直链淀粉amylopectin 支链淀粉Glycolysis 糖酵解Cytoplasm 细胞质Glucose 葡萄糖Galactose 半乳糖Mannose 甘露糖Sucrose 蔗糖Trehalose 海藻糖Lactose 乳糖Hexokinase 己糖激酶Fructose 果糖Phosphoglucoisomerase 磷酸葡萄糖变位酶Bisphosphate 二磷酸glyceraldehydes 甘油醛dihydroxyacetone 二羟丙酮aldolase 醛缩酶triose 丙糖1,3-bisphosphoglycerate 1,3 二磷酸甘油酸dehydrogenase 脱氢酶3-phosphoglycerate 3-磷酸甘油酸kinase 激酶mutase 变位酶phosphoenolpyruvate 磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸enolase 烯醇化酶pyruvate 丙酮酸Gluconeogenesis 糖异生Noncarbhydrate 非糖的Liver 肝脏skeletal muscle 骨骼肌phosphorylase 磷酸化酶Phosphorolysis 磷酸化pyrophosphorylase 焦磷酸化酶glucosyl 葡萄糖基nonreducing end 非还原端Epinephrine 肾上腺素glucagon 胰高血糖素Insulin 胰岛素第八章fatty acid 脂肪酸hydrocarbon 烃、碳氢化合物carboxylic acid 羧酸Unsaturated 不饱和的Triacylglycerol 三酰甘油Acetyl 乙酰基Thioester 硫酯Carnitine 肉(毒)碱Hydration 水合作用Thiolysis 硫解Consume 消耗ketone bodies 酮体acetoacetate 乙酰乙酸D-3-hydroxybutyrate D-3-羟基丁酸Acetone 丙酮diabetes 糖尿病toxic 有毒的lethal 致命的multifunctional 多功能的malonyl 丙二酰基carboxylation 羧化condensation 缩合acetoacetyl 乙酰乙酰基hydroxybutyryl 羟丁酰基crotonyl 丁烯酰基butyryl 丁酰基hydrolyzation 水解作用palmitoyl 软脂酰基palmitate 软脂酸lipoproteins 脂蛋白globular 球状的micelle 胶束、微囊第九章Respiration 呼吸作用citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环、三羧酸循环concomitant 伴随的isocitrate 异柠檬酸酸盐α-ketoglutarateα-酮戊二酸succinate 琥珀酸盐succinyl 琥珀酰基fumarate 延胡索酸盐malate 苹果酸盐oxaloacetate 草酰乙酸盐cytochrome 细胞色素oxidase 氧化酶reductase 还原酶Rotatory 旋转的engine 发动机第十章Nitrogen 氮Diet 常吃的食物Erythrose 赤藓糖Ribose 核糖Transamination 转氨基作用Deamination 脱氨基作用Transdeamination 联合脱氨基作用Ammonia 氨Excrete 排泄Aquatic 水生uric acid 尿酸terrestrial 陆生的reptile 爬行动物urea 尿素vertebrates 脊椎动物ornithine 鸟氨酸arginine 精氨酸citrullin 瓜氨酸permanently 不变地。

生物化学专业英语词汇-分子生物学

生物化学专业英语词汇-分子生物学v8 protease v8蛋白酶[来自葡萄球菌]vagogastrone 迷走抑胃素validamycin 有效霉素valinomycin 缬氨霉素valosin 缬酪肽[在猪小肠中分离的25肽]vancomycin 万古霉素vanillic acid 香草酸vanilmandelic acid 香草扁桃酸vasoconstriction 血管收缩vasoconstrictor 血管收缩剂vasodilatin 血管舒张素vasodilator 血管舒张剂，血管扩张剂vasopressin 加压素，升压素vasotocin 加压催产素，升压催产素[存有于非哺乳类脊椎动物]vdjc joining vdjc连接[免疫球蛋白重链种系基因发生体细胞染色体重排，将v、d、j、c基因连为一体]vector 载体vegetation 植被venom 毒液vent dna polymerase [商标]vent dna聚合酶[new englandbiolabs公司从分离自海底火山口的极端耐热细菌thermcoccus litoralis中提纯的耐热dna聚合酶，有3'至5'外切活性]verapamil 异搏定veratridine 藜芦定，藜芦碱ⅰ[可作用于钠通道的固醇类生物碱]vernalin 春花素vernalization 春花verotoxin vero细胞毒素[一种志贺样毒素]verrucarine 疣孢菌素versican 多功能蛋白聚糖[来自成纤维细胞的一种蛋白聚糖，又称pg-m或pg-350]versicolorin a 杂色曲霉素avibrio 弧菌vibrio cholera 霍乱弧菌vicianose 荚豆二糖vicilin 豌豆球蛋白victomycin 优胜霉素videofluorimeter 图像荧光计vignin 豇豆球蛋白villikinin 肠绒毛促动素，缩肠绒毛素，绒毛收缩素villin 绒毛蛋白[见于微绒毛，可作用于肌动蛋白丝]vimentin 波形蛋白vinblastine 长春花碱vincaleucoblastine 长春碱vincristine 长春新碱vinculin 粘着斑蛋白viomycin 紫霉素vipoxin 蝰蛇毒素viremia 病毒血症viricide 杀病毒剂virilism 男性化virino 朊病毒virion 病毒颗粒，毒粒viroceptor 病毒编码受体[由病毒基因组所编码的受体分子]virocidin 杀病毒菌素virocin 病毒菌素virogene 病毒基因viroid 类病毒virokine 病毒因子[病毒基因组编码的（细胞）活性因子]viropexis 病毒入胞（现象），病毒胞吞（现象）viroplasm 病毒质，病毒原质[感染细胞内的病毒复制区]viroplasma 病毒质，病毒原质体virosome 病毒体[人工构建的病毒亚载体，可用作疫苗佐剂或载体]virucide 杀病毒剂virulence 毒力virulent 强毒的，烈性的virusoid 拟病毒，协生病毒，核壳内类病毒壳协病毒[存有于核壳中的一种小环状rna,它与病毒rna相互协助，引起宿主致病]viscoelastic retardation 粘弹迟滞法[可用于测定高分子量dna 的分子量]viscoelasticity 粘弹性viscusin 槲寄生毒素visinin 视锥蛋白[见于视锥细胞的一种钙结合蛋白]vistamycin 维斯他霉素，核糖霉素vitellin 卵黄磷蛋白vitellogenesis 卵黄生成vitellogenin 卵黄生成素，卵黄原蛋白vitellomucoid 卵黄类粘蛋白vitis 葡萄（属）vitronectin 玻连蛋白volutin 异染质vomitoxin 呕吐毒素von willebrand disease 血管性血友病von willebrand factor von willebrand因子[由血管内皮细胞释放到血中，参与凝血]。

[教材]生物化学 专业英语单词

(完整版)生物学专业英语词汇

生物化学专业词汇及英汉对照.

生物化学常见单词表

英文版生物化学单词

(完整版)生物化学专业英语单词

生物化学英文专业词汇

(完整版)常用生物学专业英语词汇

生物学专业英语词汇（M）_生物化学英语词汇

生物学专业英语词汇汇总

生物化学专业英语词汇-分子生物学

生物化学英文单词

生物化学_专业英语单词

(完整版)生物学专业英语词汇(2)

生物学专业英语词汇(最新整理)

生物化学英文词汇

生物学专业英语词汇（C）_生物化学英语词汇

生物化学专业英语单词(最新整理)

生物化学专业英语词汇-分子生物学

[教材]生物化学专业英语单词