延边大学考博英语题型分析
考博英语阅读十大解题思路
考博英语阅读十大解题思路一、细节题1、题干上有五个W一个H提问。
2、题干中明确会提到的时间、地点、人物或者事物等细节信息。
3、有可能针对文章中的一句话或者几句话发问。
4、题干和选项有可能考察一种因果关系。
5、解题关键：返回原文，准确定位。
做题依据一定要紧扣文章本身返回原文：1、可以根据题干所列的地点、时间、人物、事物返回原文。
2、根据出题的顺序返回原文。
3、根据题干中或四个选项中的重点词或同义词返回原文。
4、通过长难句返回原文。
二、句子理解题1、标志：题干中明确指出是原文中的某句话，重要的不是上下文，而是句子本身。
2、步骤：1)重点是返回原文，对该句子进行语法、句法、词法的精准解析。
正确(不能推)理解句子的深刻含义。
2)若该句话的含义不能确定，则适当依据上下文进行判断。
局部含义有整体含义决定。
3)一般来说，选项中的正确答案与原句是同义关系，只不过用其他短语表达。
3、错误选项特征：推的过远，做题时注意把握理解度。
4、正确选项不包含过于绝对化的词语。
三、主旨大意题1、标志：best title， main idea， main problem，conclusion，mainly disguss， mainly deal with或者问作者的写作目的purpose, the author intends to do sth, a digest of利用宏观阅读技巧作主旨题，不管是出现在什么位置，都把他作为最后一题来做。
2、方法：1)段落少，用串线法。
2)快速作文法：两个选项难以分辨的时候，用这两个选项做作文，快速给出提纲。
3、选项不能选择局部信息，也不能选范围过宽的信息。
四、态度题1、标志：题干中出现attitude ，believe ，consider， deam，regard，deem2、作者态度可以分为三大类：1)正态度：支持，乐观，赞同2)客观、中立、公正3)反对、批评、怀疑3、等价选项都不选4、有些选项一定不是正确答案(永陪选项)：indifferent(漠不关心);subjective(主观的);biased(有偏见的);puzzled(迷惑不解的)5、识别作者态度：方法一：可以根据作者论述的主线及举例的方式进行判断。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：90
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Many old houses have been（） in order that new big buildings may be built.问题1选项A.leveledB.collapsedC.demolishedD.felled【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
level “使同等；对准；弄平”；collapse “倒塌；瓦解”，一般做不及物动词，无被动形式；demolish “拆除；破坏”；fell “砍伐；打倒；击倒”。
句意：为了修建新的建筑，很多老房子被拆除了。
选项C符合题意。
2.单选题Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication （）the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.问题1选项A.in whichB.in this wayC.in thatD.in order that【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。
空格后面是一个完整的句子，不缺任何主要成分。
in which 引导定语从句，可以排除；in this way “以··· ···的方式”，不符合题意。
in that 在句中引导原因状语从句，符合句意：广告与其他的交流方式不同，因为广告人需要为要发表的信息付费。
选项C符合题意。
3.单选题The boy answered all my questions with complete （）.问题1选项A.insuranceB.securityC.assuranceD.safety【答案】C【解析】考察名词词义辨析。
insurance“保险，保险费”；security“安全，保证”；assurance “保证，担保，确信”；safety “安全，保险”。
最新2018】考博英语面试常见问题及答案-范文模板 (7页)
最新2018】考博英语面试常见问题及答案-范文模板 (7页)考博英语复试的最基本问题是，你是否已经通过了考博英语初试。
以下是一些常见的考博英语面试问题及其答案。
第一部分：传统面试问题1、请你自我介绍一下。
如果面试没有安排自我介绍的时间，这是一个必问的问题。
考官并不希望你大谈你的个人历史，他是在寻找有关你性格、资历、志向和生活动力的线索，来判断你是否适合读研或者MBA。
以下是一个积极正面回答的好例子：在高中时，我参加了各种竞争性体育活动，并一直努力提高各项运动的成绩。
大学期间，我曾在一家服装店打工，我发现我能轻而易举地将东西推销出去。
销售固然重要，但对我来说，更重要的是确保顾客能够满意。
不久便有顾客返回那家服装店点名让我为他们服务。
我很有竞争意识，力求完美对我很重要。
”2、你为什么要读博士/硕士？这是一个很重要的问题，因为考官想要了解你的动机和目标。
你的回答应该表明你已经深思熟虑，有清晰的目标和计划，并且你的目标与所申请的专业相关。
以下是一个好的回答：我已经完成了本科/硕士学位，但我觉得我还需要更深入的研究和研究，以便更好地理解我的专业领域。
我对这个领域的热情和兴趣一直很高，我相信读博士/硕士将为我提供更多的机会和挑战，以便我在这个领域取得更大的成就。
”3、你的长期职业目标是什么？这个问题旨在了解你的职业规划和目标。
你的回答应该表明你已经考虑过你的未来，并且你的目标与你所申请的专业相关。
以下是一个好的回答：我的长期职业目标是成为一名优秀的研究员，并在我的专业领域做出重要的贡献。
我希望能够在学术界或者产业界取得成功，并且成为一个有影响力的人物，能够影响和改变这个领域的发展。
”4、你的研究方向是什么？这个问题旨在了解你的研究兴趣和方向。
你的回答应该表明你已经对你所申请的专业领域有深入的了解，并且你已经开始思考你的研究方向。
以下是一个好的回答：我对计算机科学领域的算法设计和分析非常感兴趣。
我在本科和硕士期间都有相关的研究经验，并且我已经开始思考我的博士研究方向。
解读英语博士面试常问问题与答案
解读英语博士面试常问问题与答案1. 请介绍一下你的研究领域和研究项目。
我的研究领域是法律学，特别是国际商法和知识产权法。
我目前的研究项目是探讨跨境电子商务中的知识产权保护问题，以及如何在全球范围内建立有效的法律框架来促进跨境电子商务的发展。
2. 你为什么选择申请我们的博士项目？我选择申请贵校的博士项目是因为贵校在法律学领域有很高的声誉和丰富的资源。
我相信在贵校的博士项目中，我将有机会与优秀的导师合作，深入研究我的兴趣领域，并为学术界做出贡献。
3. 你的研究计划是什么？我的研究计划是深入探讨跨境电子商务中的法律问题，特别是在知识产权保护方面的挑战和解决方案。
我计划通过文献研究、案例分析和实地调研等方法，对相关法律框架进行评估，并提出改进和完善的建议。
4. 你的研究成果有哪些？我在国际商法和知识产权法领域发表了多篇论文，其中一些被国际知名期刊接受并引用。
我还参与了国际会议和研讨会，并就相关议题发表了演讲和提供了学术见解。
5. 你有没有参与过项目合作或者学术团队？是的，我曾参与过多个学术团队和研究项目。
在这些合作中，我与其他研究者合作，共同研究和解决了一系列法律问题。
这些合作经历不仅提高了我的团队合作能力，也拓宽了我的学术视野。
6. 你对博士研究的期望是什么？我期望通过博士研究能够深入探索我的研究领域，并为该领域的发展做出重要贡献。
我希望能够在法学界的顶尖期刊上发表更多有影响力的论文，并在学术会议上与其他研究者进行交流和合作。
7. 你有没有相关的教学或辅导经验？是的，我曾在本科生课程中担任助教，负责辅导学生、批改论文和组织讨论课。
这些经验提高了我的教学能力和沟通技巧，使我能够更好地与学生互动并传授知识。
8. 你对未来的职业规划是什么？我希望能够在大学或研究机构担任教职，继续从事研究和教学工作。
我也对在国际组织或律师事务所从事法律顾问工作感兴趣，以便将学术研究与实际应用相结合。
以上是我对英语博士面试常问问题的解读和回答，希望能对您有所帮助。
考博英语单选及完型分析、词汇语法
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18-郑州大学 2011
[1]定语从句关系代词
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19-中国科学院 2013
无
20-中南大学 2013
[1]陈述句式；[2]名词性从句；[3]陈述句式；[4]倒装句式； [5]形容词/名词搭配
★★
核心语法统计
[1]动词相关：21 处；[2]从句相关：6 处；[3]代词相关：6 处； [4]句式/句序相关：15 处；[5]其他相关：9 处
13-武汉大学 2013 14-西安交通大学 2013 15-西北大学 2011
16-厦门大学 2013
语法点
语法核心度
[1、2]定语从句关系代词
★
[1]不可数名词修饰；[2]定冠词/不定冠词
★
无
无
无
[1]强调句；[2]动词不定式；[3]定语从句；[4]虚拟语气 If 倒 装；[5]非谓语动词/形容词；[6]倍数修饰表达；[7]陈述句式； [8、9]不定代词；[10]连词；[11]情态动词；[12]不定代词；[13] 定语从句关系代词
第一部分 全国考博英语真题题型数据统计分析
育明教育通过对全国 100 多所考博院校真题分析，选取了北京大学等共 20 所高校近三 年来的试卷，具有广泛的代表性，列表如下：
年份
2013 2012 2011
院校 北京大学、北京航空航天大学、华东师范大学、南京大学、山东大学、上海交通大学、 四川大学、武汉大学、西安交通大学、厦门大学、浙江大学、中国科学院、中南大学 北京师范大学、复旦大学、华中科技大学、吉林大学 重庆大学、西北大学、郑州大学
数量低于 5（次）的部分。
从上表可得出如下结论： （1）词义考察占据绝对比重，比重均值达 76.3%。育明教育认为，掌握词义，特别是 名词、动词、形容词等主要实词类别的词义，是实现单选、完型高正确率的重要保障。 （2）短语考察以“动．词．+．介．词．”“介．词．+．名．词．+．介．词．”形式为主。说明掌握介词短语，特 别是介词与动词、名词搭配的短语是提高单选、完型正确率的保障。 （3）词汇考察绝．大．部．分．以识．别．词．义．为主，极少涉及词形辨析、近义辨析等专业英语测 试中经常出现的题型。说明扩大词汇量，特别是熟练掌握积极词汇的常见义非常重要。 （4）绝大部分院校对语法、搭配考察较少，如有 10 个院校考察语法题量少于 5 题/卷， 8 个院校考察搭配题量少于 5 题/卷。从另一个侧面说明目前考察词义仍是重点，其要义是“看 得懂就能做得出”。
考博英语阅读理解试题分类解析-考试要求、命题形式与解题技巧【圣才出品】
第一部分考试要求、命题形式与解题技巧一、考试要求阅读理解（Reading Comprehension）是博士生入学英语考试的重要组成部分，该题型一直是各院校考查的重点，为每年必考题型而且比重最大（个别院校除外），分值比重一般为30%或40%（电子科技大学达到50%）。
为了顺利通过博士生入学英语考试，考生必须高度重视阅读理解能力的训练和提高。
（一）测试要求在国家教育部颁布的《非英语专业研究生英语教学大纲》中关于“读”的能力要求为：掌握并能运用各项阅读技能（如概括中心思想，猜词悟意，预见，推理和推论等），具有语法水平上的分析能力。
能较顺利地阅读并正确理解有相当难度的一般性题材文章和其他读物，达到每分钟60-70个词，读后能够理解中心思想及内容。
计时阅读难度略低，生词不超过总词数2%的材料，速度达到每分钟100-120个词，读后能理解中心思想及主要内容。
总阅读量：精读30000个词左右，泛读80000个词左右。
原国家教委发布的《非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程考试大纲》（试行稿）明确指出，阅读理解的测试目的主要是考查学生通过阅读材料获取信息的能力，要求考生在快速阅读材料的同时，能够正确地理解材料的意思。
具体而言，阅读理解主要测试考生如下几方面的能力：（1）所掌握词汇量的深度和广度，准确把握某些词和词组在上下文中特定含义的能力；（2）迅速总结所读材料的中心思想和段落大意，并找出一些表露作者观点的关键句子的能力；（3）对所读材料各段落之间的逻辑意义进行判断、推理和引申的能力；（4）注意一些对理解全文或某个关键句子起着重要的作用的细节问题的能力；（5）领会作者的观点和判断作者的态度，或者从阅读材料所隐含的意思中推断出作者的观点和态度的能力。
总之，阅读理解部分不但要求掌握所读材料的主旨大意、中心思想，而且要求考生注意文中细节；不但要求对具体事实情节的理解，而且要求对其抽象含义的理解，既要理解字面意思，又要理解其深层含义，包括作者的态度、观点、意图等；既要求理解文中某句、某段的含义及全文的逻辑关系，又要求根据其含义及逻辑关系进行判断和推理；既要求考生能够运用材料中的信息去理解、分析问题，又要求考生能运用应有的常识去分析、理解问题。
考博面试英语问题
考博面试英语问题(总6页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--考博面试英语问题这是一篇由网络搜集整理的关于考博面试英语问题的文档，希望对你能有帮助。
第一部分：传统面试问题(Sample Traditional Interview Questions) 第一部分：传统面试问题(Sample Traditional Interview Qu1、What can you tell me about yourself(关于你自己，你能告诉我些什么)这一问题如果面试没有安排自我介绍的时间的话。
这是一个必问的问题。
考官并不希望你大谈你的个人历史，他是在寻找有关你性格、资历、志向和生活动力的线索，来判断你是否适合读研或者 MBA。
下面是一个积极正面回答的好例子：“在高中我参加各种竞争性体育活动，并一直努力提高各项运动的成绩。
大学期间，我曾在一家服装店打工，我发现我能轻而易举地将东西推销出去。
销售固然重要，但对我来说，更重要的是要确信顾客能够满意。
不久便有顾客返回那家服装店点名让我为他们服务。
我很有竞争意识，力求完美对我很重要。
”In high school I was involved in competitive sports and I always tried to improve in each sport I participated in. As a college student, I worked in a clothing store part-time and found that I could sell things easily. The sale was important, but for me, it was even more important to make sure that the customer was satisfied. It was not long before customers came back to the storeand specifically asked for me to help them. I’m very competitive and it means a lot to me to be the best.2、 What would you like to be doing five years after graduation(在毕业以后5年内你想做些什么)你要清楚你实际上能胜任什么。
延边大学考博英语真题完形题复习备考经验总结
延边大学考博英语真题完形题复习备考经验总结完形填空占考题总分的10%，是测试考生综合运用语言能力的客观试题。
根据2014年考博的规定，考生应在阅读一篇含有20个空的短文后，在全面理解文章内容的基础上，从四个供选择的答案中挑选最佳答案填空，使短文的内容和结构完整合理。
需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
完形填空试题中的20个空是按照一定的间隔并根据语法或词汇的测试标准留出来的，干扰项的设计也要考虑到考试的评价目标所规定的考生应掌握的语言知识和技能，所以，虽然完形填空看上去是命题者随意留出20个空让考生去填，好像具有偶然性，但是实际上完形填空的命题是严格遵循一定的要求和具有严格的程序的，而且命题具有一定的规律性的。
通过对历年试题研究，我们发现完形填空经常考查考生对整个文章的语篇理解能力，具体考查方法如下：1．考查学生对整个文章语境的理解水平这就是我们常说的对文章主题、作者的观点态度以及文章结构和组织等理解水平。
它考查的是学生最综合的语言能力，这种能力是建立在学生对词汇、语法、阅读等综合基础上。
以1998年考博试题为例：Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution．They41that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the42man．But they insisted that its43results during the period from1750to1850were widespread poverty and misery for the44of the English population．45contrast，they saw in the preceding hundred years from1650to1750，when England was still a46agricultural country，a period of great abundance and prosperity．This view，47，is generally thought to be wrong．Specialists48 history and economics，have49two things that the period from l650 to1750was50by great poverty，and that industrialization certainly didn’t worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace．第一段黑体字“不久以前……持批评态度”、“从长远的观点看……提高了……”、“但是……大面积的贫困”说明历史学家过去的看法：尽管工业革命最终大大地提高了人们的生活水平，但工业革命之后英国老百姓生活(比以前)贫困。
延边大学考博英语真题常考疑难句及解析
延边大学考博英语真题常考疑难句及解析1.But those of who hoped,with Kolb,that Kolb’s newly published complete edition of Proust’s correspondence for1909would document the process in greater detail are disappointed.(4)但是我们当中的那些希望(也算上K本人)K新出版的P1909年书信的全集能够更加详细的记录下这一过程的人都大失所望。
难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语解释：本句中从句套从句，致使主语those of us与谓语的距离很远，而且中间的成分又极多，使得句子很难读懂。
修饰主语those of us的定语从句who hoped之中又套了一个宾语从句，宾语从句的主语complete edition又被一前一后的两个定语所修饰，之后才依次是宾语从句的谓语、宾语：主句的系动词、表语。
需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
意群训练：But those of us who hoped,with Kolb,that Kolb’s newly published complete edition of Proust’s correspondence for1909would document the process in greater detail are disappointed.2.The very richness and complexity of the meaningful relationships that kept presenting and rearranging themselves on all levels，from abstract intelligence to profound dreamy feelings，made it difficult for Proust to set them out coherently.(5)各种有意义的联系在所有的层次上，自抽象的理性至深刻的梦幻般的情感，层出不穷并不断重新组合排列;正是这些有意义的联系的丰富性和复杂性，致使普鲁斯特难于将它们错落有致地安排好。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-全国医学统考考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：88
2022年考研考博-考博英语-全国医学统考考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题问题1选项A.Animal abuse or cruelty.B.The evolution of animals.C.The history of animal hunting.D.An endangered animal species.【答案】D【解析】2. W: The Siberian tigers are the largest living animals in the cat family. Unfortunately, there are only a few hundred alive now.M: My great grandfather was a hunter, and he used to hunt Siberian tigers. I really wish he hadn’t.Q: What are the two speakers talking about?【试题答案】D【试题解析】事实细节题。
题干为：这两个人在谈论什么？由文中“The Siberian tigers are the largest living animals in the cat family. Unfortunately, there are only a few hundred alive now.（西伯利亚虎是现存最大的猫科动物。
不幸的是，现在只有几百只还活着。
）”，可知他们在谈论的是“濒临灭绝的野生动物”，所以D选项“An endan gered animal species（一种濒临灭绝的动物）”符合原文。
A选项“残酷的虐待动物”；B选项“动物的进化”；C选项“动物狩猎的历史”不符合原文。
2.单选题4. 问题1选项A.8:00.B.8:15.C.8:40.D.8:45.【答案】B【解析】W: Are we going to be late?M: We will be unless we hurry.W: When does the show start?M: At 8:30. We’ve got 15 minutes to get there.Q: What time is it now?【解析】细节题。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：65
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Tight shoes（） my feet.问题1选项A.irritateB.smartC.acheD.bruise【答案】D【解析】考查词义辨析。
Irritate “激怒；使兴奋”，动词；smart “聪明的”，形容词；ache “疼痛”，名词；bruise “擦伤”，名词或者动词。
句意：这双鞋子太紧了，把我的脚给擦伤了。
选项D符合题意。
2.单选题One of the requirements for a fire is that the material（）to its burning temperature. 问题1选项A.be heatedB.is heatedC.would heatedD.to heated 【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。
requirement为主语，所以后面应该使用虚拟语气，后面的动词形式是should do，表示“要求··· ···，其中should是可以省略的。
Material与heat之间应该是被动语态，所以应该是should be heated，其中should可以省略，所以选项A符合题意。
3.单选题They（） his claim of innocence with eye-witness testimony问题1选项A.objectedB.opposedC.contradictedD.refuted【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
object “反对（一般与介词to搭配使用）”；oppose “反对；对抗，抗争”；contradict “反驳；否定；与··· ···矛盾”；refute “驳斥”。
句意：他们用目击者的证词来驳斥他声称自己无辜。
吉林大学考博英语模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析)
吉林大学考博英语模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading ComprehensionStructure and V ocabulary1．Hidden hotel costs can be a source of frustration to the frugal traveler.A．carefulB．cleverC．ignorantD．economical正确答案：D解析：形容词词义辨析。
frugal意为“节省的，节俭的”。
选项中只有economical(节约的，节俭的)符合题目要求。
careful“小心的，仔细的”；clever “聪明的”；ignorant“无知的，愚昧的”。
故答案为D。
2．Thick with trees and sparse with homes, this tranquil area 50 miles north of Houston could be a slice of heaven.A．moltenB．sereneC．isolatedD．snobbish正确答案：B解析：形容词词义辨析。
tranquil意为”安静的，平静的”。
选项中只有serene(宁静的)符合题目要求。
故答案为B。
molten“熔化的”；isolated“与世隔绝的”；snobbish “势利眼的”。
3．Accommodations must be made for students with learning disabilities.A．criminalB．pumpC．psychologyD．lodgings正确答案：D解析：名词词义辨析。
accommodation意为“住处，膳宿”。
选项中只有lodging(寄宿处，寄宿，住房)符合题目要求。
故答案为D。
criminal“罪犯，犯罪者”；pump“水泵”；psychology“心理学”。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：24
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Communication is the process of a message（） from a source to an audience via a channel.问题1选项A.shiftingB.transmittingC.submittingD.transforming【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
shift “转移；改变；替换”；transmit “传输；传播”；submit “使服从；呈递”；transform “改变，使变形；转换”。
句意：通信是消息通过渠道从出处传播给观众的过程。
选项B符合题意。
2.单选题The United States and Canada are lands of （）except for the Indians, who are the only true natives.问题1选项A.emigrantsB.immigrantsC.dwellersD.inhabitants【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
emigrants “移民（移出）”；immigrants “移民（移入）”；dwellers “居民，居住者”；inhabitants “本地居民，土著居民”。
句意：美国和加拿大是移民的土地，除了印第安人，他们是唯一真正的土著人美国和加拿大拥有除了了土著居民和印第安人以为的大量移民。
选项B 符合题意。
3.单选题Hard work and malnutrition （）his health and he looked thin and pale.问题1选项A.impairedB.promotedC.acceleratedD.smashed【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
impair “损害”；promote “促进”；accelerate “加速”；smash “击碎，撞击”。
考博英语题型
考博英语题型
【原创版】
目录
1.考博英语概述
2.考博英语的题型及分值分布
3.各种题型的备考策略
4.总结
正文
一、考博英语概述
考博英语，全称为博士研究生入学考试英语科目，是我国博士研究生招生全国统一考试的一部分。
其主要目的是测试考生的英语语言应用能力，以确保考生具备良好的英语水平，能够适应博士研究生阶段的学习和科研工作。
考博英语考试分为笔试和口试两个部分，其中笔试是主要的考试形式。
二、考博英语的题型及分值分布
考博英语笔试部分主要包括以下几种题型：
1.阅读理解（占总分值的 20%）
2.完形填空（占总分值的 10%）
3.翻译（占总分值的 15%）
4.写作（占总分值的 25%）
5.语法与词汇（占总分值的 10%）
6.逻辑与推理（占总分值的 10%）
三、各种题型的备考策略
1.阅读理解：提高阅读速度和理解能力，注重文章的主旨和细节。
可以通过多阅读英文文章和进行模拟练习来提高。
2.完形填空：注重词汇和语法的积累，分析句子结构，理解上下文。
可以多做真题练习，总结规律。
3.翻译：中英文互译都需要掌握。
注意翻译时要忠实原文，表达通顺。
可以通过翻译练习和积累词汇短语来提高。
4.写作：熟悉各类作文类型，注重文章结构和逻辑。
多进行写作练习，积累素材和表达。
5.语法与词汇：系统学习英语语法，积累词汇，加强练习。
6.逻辑与推理：提高逻辑思维能力，熟悉题型，多进行练习。
四、总结
考博英语考试对考生的英语语言应用能力有较高要求，需要考生在各个方面都具备一定的实力。
考博英语-532
考博英语-532(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Part Ⅰ Reading Comprehension(总题数：4，分数：30.00)The antigen-antibody immunological reaction used to be regarded as typical of immunological responses. Antibodies are proteins synthesized by specialized cells called plasma cells, which are funned by lymphocytes (cells from the lymph system when an antigen, a substance foreign to the organism's body, comes in contact with lymphocytes. Two important manifestations of antigen- antibody immunity are lysis, the rapid physical rupture of antigenic cells and the liberation of their contents into the surrounding medium, and phagocytosis, a process in which antigenic particles are engulfed by and very often digested by macrophages and polymorphs. The process of lysis is executed by a complex and unstable blood constituent known as complement, which will not work unless it is activated by a specific antibody; the process of pbagocytosis is greatly facilitated when the particles to be engulfed are coated by a specific antibody directed against them.The reluctance to abandon this hypothesis, however well it explains specific processes, impeded new research, and for many years antigens and antibodies dominated the thoughts of immunologists so completely that those immunologists overlooked certain difficulties. Perhaps the primary difficulty with the antigen-antibody explanation is the informational problem of how an antigen is recognized and how a structure exactly complementary to it is then synthesized. When molecular biologists discovered, moreover, that such information cannot flow from protein to protein, hut only from nucleic acid to protein, the theory that an antigen itself provided the mold that directed the synthesis of an antibody had to be seriously qualified. The attempts at qualification and the information provided by research in molecular biology led scientists to realize that a second immunological reaction is mediated through the lymphocytes that are hostile to and bring about the destruction of the antigen. This type of immunological response is called cell- mediated immunity.Recent research in cell-mediated immunity has been concerned not only with the development of new and better vaccines, but also with the problem of transplanting tissues and organs from one organism to another, for although circulating antibodies play a part in the rejection of transplanted tissues, the primary role is played by cell-mediated reactions. During cell-mediated responses, receptor sites on specific lymphoeytes and surface antigens on the foreign tissue cells form a complex that binds the lymphocytes to the tissue. Such lymphocytes do not give rise to antibody- producing plasma cells but themselves bring about the death of the foreign-tissue cells, probably by secreting a variety of substances, some of which are toxic to the tissue cells and some of which stimulate increased phagocyte activity by white blood cells of the macrophage type. Cell-mediated immunity also accounts for the destruction of intracellular parasites.（分数：7.50）(1).The passage suggests that scientists might not have developed the theory of cell-mediated immunological reactions if______.（分数：1.50）A.proteins existed in specific group typesB.proteins could have been shown to direct the synthesis of other proteins √C.antigens were always destroyed by proteinsD.antibodies were composed only of protein解析：(2).The author argues that the antigen-antibody explanation of immunity "had to be seriously qualified" because______.（分数：1.50）A.antibodies were found to activate unstable components in the bloodB.antigens are not exactly complementary to antibodies √C.lymphocytes have the ability to bind to the surface of antigensD.antibodies are synthesized from protein whereas antigens are made from nucleic acid解析：(3).The author most probably believes that the antigen-antibody theory of immunological reaction______.（分数：1.50）A.is wrongB.was accepted without evidenceC.is unverifiableD.is a partial explanation √解析：(4).The author mentions all of the following as being involved in antigen-antibody immunological reactions EXCEPT the______.（分数：1.50）A.synthesis of a proteinB.activation of complement in the bloodstreamC.destruction of antibodies √D.entrapment of antigens by macrophages解析：(5).The author supports the theory of cell-mediated reactions primarily by ______.（分数：1.50）A.pointing out a contradiction in the assumption leading to the antigen-antibody theory √B.explaining how cell mediation accounts for phenomena that the antigen-antibody theory cannot account forC.revealing new data that scientists arguing for the antigen-antibody theory have continued to ignoreD.showing that the antigen-antibody theory fails to account for the breakup of antigens解析：Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics—the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And ff scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close. As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy—far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves—goals that pose a real challenge. "While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error," says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, "we can't yet give a robot enough 'common sense' to reliably interact with a dynamic world."Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain's roughly one hundredbillion nerve cells are much more talented—and human perception far more complicated—than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on the earth can't approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still don't know quite how we do it.（分数：7.50）(1).Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in ______.（分数：1.50）A.the use of machines to produce science fictionB.the wide use of machines in manufacturing industryC.the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work √D.the elite's cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work解析：(2).The word "gizmos" (Line 1, Paragraph 2) most probably means ______.（分数：1.50）A.programsB.expertsC.devices √D.creatures解析：(3).According to the passage, what is beyond man's ability now is to design a robot that can______.（分数：1.50）A.fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgeryB.interact with human beings verballyC.have a little common senseD.respond independently to a changing world √解析：(4).Besides reducing human labor, robots can also ______.（分数：1.50）A.make a few decisions for themselvesB.deal with some errors with human intervention √C.improve factory environmentsD.cultivate human creativity解析：(5).The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are ______.（分数：1.50）A.expected to copy human brain in internal structureB.able to perceive abnormalities immediatelyC.far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information √D.best used in a controlled environment解析：About twice every century, one of the massive stars in our galaxy blows itself apart in a supernova explosion that sends massive quantities of radiation and matter into space and generates shock waves that sweep through the arms (a narrow extension of a larger area, mass, or group) of the galaxy. The shock waves heat the interstellar gas, evaporate small clouds, and compress larger ones to the point at which they collapse under their own gravity to form new stars. The general picture that has been developed for the supernova explosion and its aftermath goes something like this. Throughout its evolution, a star is much like a leaky balloon. It keeps its equilibrium figure through a balance of internal pressure against the tendency to collapse under its own weight. The pressure is generated by nuclear reactions in the core of the star which must continuallysupply energy to balance the energy that leaks out in the form of radiation. Eventually the nuclear fuel is exhausted, and the pressure drops in the core. With nothing to hold it up, the matter in the center of the star collapses inward, creating higher and higher densities and temperatures, until the nuclei and electrons are fused into a super-dense lump of matter known as a neutron star.As the overlying layers rain down on the surface of the neutron star, the temperature rises, until with a blinding flash of radiation, the collapse is reversed. A thermonuclear shock wave runs through the now expanding stellar envelope, fusing lighter elements into heavier ones and producing a brilliant visual outburst that can be as intense as the light of 10 billion suns. The shell of matter thrown off by the explosion plows through the surrounding gas, producing an expanding bubble of hot gas, with gas temperatures in the millions of degrees. This gas will emit most of its energy at X-ray wavelengths, so it is not surprising that X-ray observatories have provided some of the most useful insights into the nature of the supernova phenomenon. More than twenty supernova remnants have now been detected in X-ray studies.Recent discoveries of meteorites with anomalous concentrations of certain isotopes indicate that a supernova might have precipitated the' birth of our solar system more than four and a half billion years ago, Although the cloud that collapsed to form the sun and the planets was composed primarily of hydrogen and helium, it also contained carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, elements essential for life as we know it. Elements heavier than helium are manufactured deep in the interior of stars and would, for the most part, remain there if it were not for the cataclysmic supernova explosions that blow giant stars apart. Additionally, supernovas produce clouds of high- energy particles called cosmic rays. These high-energy particles continually bombard the earth and are responsible for many of the genetic mutations that are the driving force of the evolution of species.（分数：7.50）(1).Which of the following titles best describes the content of the passage?（分数：1.50）A.The Origins and Effects of Supernovas. √B.The Life and Death of Stars.C.The Origins and Evolution of Life on the Earth.D.The Aftermath of a Supernov解析：(2).According to the passage, we can expect a supernova to occur in our galaxy ______.（分数：1.50）A.about twice each yearB.hundreds of times each centuryC.about once every fifty years √D.about once every other century解析：(3).According to the passage a neutron star is ______.（分数：1.50）A.a gaseous cloud containing heavy elementsB.an intermediate stage between an ordinary star and a supernova √C.the residue that is left by a supernovaD.the core of an ordinary star that houses the thermonuclear reactions解析：(4).Which of the following methods does the author employ to develop the first paragraph?（分数：1.50）A.Analogy. √B.Deduction.C.Generalization.D.Exampl解析：(5).The author implies that ______.（分数：1.50）A.it is sometimes easier to detect supernovas by observation of the X-ray spectrum than by observation of visible wavelengths of light √B.life on the earth is endangered by its constant exposure to radiation forces that are released by a supernovaC.recently discovered meteorites indicate that the earth and other planets of our solar system survived the explosion of a supernova several billion years agoD.lighter elements are formed from heavier elements during a supernova as the heavier elements are torn apart解析：The uniqueness of the Japanese character is the result of two seemingly contradictory forces: the strength of traditions and selective receptivity to foreign achievements and inventions. As early as the 1860s, there were counter movements to the traditional orientation. Yukichi Fukuzawa, the most eloquent spokesman of Japan's "Enlightenment", claimed: "The Confucian civilization of the East seems to me to lack two things possessed by Western civilization: science in the material sphere and a sense of independence in the spiritual sphere." Fukuzawa's great influence is found in the free and individualistic philosophy of the Education Code of 1872, but he was not able to prevent the government from turning back to the canons of Confucian thought in the Imperial Rescript of 1890. Another interlude of relative liberalism followed World War I, when the democratic idealism of President Woodrow Wilson had an important impact on Japanese intellectuals and, especially students; but more important was the Leninist ideology of the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution. Again in the early 1930s, nationalism and militarism became dominant, largely as a result of failing economic conditions.Following the end of World War II, substantial changes were undertaken in Japan to liberate the individual from authoritarian restraints. The new democratic value system was accepted by many teachers, students, intellectuals, and old liberals, but it was not immediately embraced by the society as a whole. Japanese traditions were dominated by group values, and notions of personal freedom and individual rights were unfamiliar.Today, democratic processes are clearly evident in the widespread participation of the Japanese people in social and political life; yet, there is no universally accepted and stable value system. Values are constantly modified by strong infusions of Western ideas, both democratic and Marxist. School textbooks expound democratic principles, emphasizing equality over hierarchy and rationalism over tradition; but in practice these values arc often misinterpreted and distorted, particularly by the youth who translate the individualistic and humanistic goals of democracy into egoistic and materialistic ones.Most Japanese people have consciously rejected Confucianism, but vestiges of the old order remain. An important feature of relationships in many institutions such as political parties, large corporations, and university faculties is the oyabun-kobun or parent-child relation. A party leader, supervisor, or professor, in return for loyalty, protects those subordinate to him and takes general responsibility for their interests throughout their entire lives, an obligation that sometimes even extends to arranging marriages. The corresponding loyalty of the individual to his patron reinforces his allegiance to the group to which they both belong. A willingness to cooperate with other members of the group and to support without qualification the interests of the group in all its external relations is still a widely respected virtue. The oyabun-kohun creates ladders of mobility which an individual can ascend, rising as far as abilities permit, so long as he maintains successful personal ties with a superior in the vertical channel, the latter requirement usually taking precedence over a need for exceptional competence. As aconsequence, there is little horizontal relationship between people even within the same profession.（分数：7.50）(1).The author is mainly concerned with ______.（分数：1.50）A.explaining the influence of Confucianism on modem JapanB.analyzing the reasons for Japan's postwar economic successC.discussing some important determinants of Japanese values √D.describing managerial practices in Japanese industry解析：(2).Which of the following is most like the relationship of the oyabun-kobun described in the passage?（分数：1.50）A.A political candidate and the voting public.B.A gifted scientist and his protege. √C.Two brothers who are partners in a business.D.A judge presiding at the trial of a criminal defendant.解析：(3).It can be inferred that the Imperial Rescript of 1890 ______.（分数：1.50）A.was a protest by liberals against the lack of individual liberty in JapanB.marked a return in government policies to conservative values √C.implemented the ideals set forth in the Education Code of 1872D.was influenced by the Leninist ideology of the Bolshevik Revolution解析：(4).The author implies that ______.（分数：1.50）A.decisions about promotions are often based on personal feelings √B.students and intellectuals do not understand the basic tenets of Western democracyC.Western values have completely overwhelmed traditional Japanese attitudesD.respect for authority was introduced into Japan following World War II解析：(5).Which of the following methods does the author employ to develop the passage?（分数：1.50）A.Introducing an analogy.B.Defining a term. √C.Presenting statistics.D.Citing an authority.解析：二、Part Ⅱ Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：15.00)1.This popular sports car is now being ______ at the rate of a thousands per week.（分数：0.50）A.turned downB.turned out √C.turned upD.turned on解析：2.Max, a student of Chinese literature from Australia, is very ______ Beijing oper（分数：0.50）A.A. fond inB. fond forC. keen forD. keen on解析：3.There's little chance that mankind would______ a nuclear war.（分数：0.50）A.retainB.endureC.maintainD.survive √解析：4.Their request was ______ and consequently rejected.（分数：0.50）A.ridiculous √B.excessiveC.feasibleD.harsh解析：5.The bridge looked so unsafe that we all______.（分数：0.50）A.hung upB.hung aroundC.hung back √D.hung onto解析：6.This development is______ with the company's aims of reducing its costs.（分数：0.50）A.convenientB.controversialC.conventionalD.consistent √解析：7.The family looked on ______ as their house bummed down.（分数：0.50）plaininglyB.carefullyC.strangelyD.helplessly √解析：8.The governor's ______ remarks caused his political party much embarrassment.（分数：0.50）A.forcefulB.impromptu √C.rehearsedD.unrestrained解析：9.The pilgrims came to America after being ______ for their religious beliefs.（分数：0.50）A.punishedB.excusedC.imprisonedD.persecuted √解析：10.You really ought to ______; all these late nights are doing you no good.（分数：0.50）A.bring downB.slow downC.pull through √D.pass through解析：11.I admire the way she's still so cheerful after all she has ______.（分数：0.50）A.gone byB.gone offC.gone through √D.gone for解析：12.Some teenagers harbor a generalized resentment against society, which ______ them the rights and privileges of adults, although physically they are mature.（分数：0.50）A.rejectsB.denies √C.deprivesD.restricts解析：13.Soon after he left the hospital, his lung cancer ______again.（分数：0.50）A.flared up √B.caught upC.sprang upD.came back解析：14.He was given imprisonment without the ______ a fine.（分数：0.50）A.punishmentB.requestC.freedom to choose √D.demand解析：15.Patty Sheehan, the 1983 Ladies Professional Golf Association Player of the Year, is known for her______ and self-reliance.（分数：0.50）A.persistence √B.prudenceC.constancyD.perfectionism解析：16.It's going to be two months before I ______ my full strength.（分数：0.50）A.repealB.restoreC.recover √D.return解析：17.His parents began to ______ a small sum of money every month for his college education when he was still a little child.（分数：0.50）A.put upy downC.set aside √D.place apart解析：18.Researchers have discovered in recent years that there is a system to the actions almost as consistent and______ as language.（分数：0.50）prehensiveprehensibleC.observantD.conceivable √解析：19.Located in Washington D. C. the library of Congress contains an______ array of books on every conceivable subject.（分数：0.50）A.extensiveB.impressive √C.obviousD.insignificant解析：20.A dog's most ______sense is that of smell.（分数：0.50）A.remarkableB.enviableC.noticeableD.significant √解析：21.His long service with the company was ______ with a present.（分数：0.50）A.admittedB.acknowledgedC.attributed √D.accepted解析：22.A laser beam is used to ______even the hardest substance.（分数：0.50）A.light upB.repairC.identifyD.penetrate √解析：23.The rule only applies to nationals of the country, as ______ from foreign visitors.（分数：0.50）A.distinct √B.distinctiveC.distinguishableD.distinguished解析：24.They ______ due praise to him for exceeding his fellow workers in production.（分数：0.50）A.matchedB.sublimedC.awarded √D.revealed解析：25.We are extremely ______ to anything that reflects of us personally, good or had.（分数：0.50）A.senselessB.sensationalC.sensitive √D.sensible解析：26.Florida's______ warm climate and plentiful rainfall make the state a center of citrus productions,（分数：0.50）A.perennially √B.world-famousC.predictablyD.impressively解析：27.It usually takes some time to ______ the shock of somebody' s death.（分数：0.50）A.overcome √B.do withoutC.ignoreD.deal with解析：28.The ______ was typical of the Lake District, with high mountains, lakes, and deep valleys.（分数：0.50）A.sceneB.sceneryC.viewndscape √解析：29.It is unwise for the government to ______ the growing dissatisfaction with its economic policies.（分数：0.50）A.overlookB.ignore √C.neglectD.omit解析：30.The university generously offered the ______ of its grounds and buildings.（分数：0.50）A.hospitality √B.excellenceC.discomfortD.resemblance'解析：三、Part Ⅲ Cloze(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Most people who travel long distances complain of jetlag. Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone (51) making mistakes. It is actually caused by (52) of your "body clock"—a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological (53) .The body clock is designed for a (54) rhythm of daylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when i (55) daylight and darkness at the "wrong'' times in a new time zone. The (56) of jetlag often persist for days (57) the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone. Now a new anti-jetlag system is (58) that is based on proven (59) pioneering scientific research. Dr. Martin Moore-Ede has (60) a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone(61) controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates(62) of the discomfort of jetlag.A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact time to either (63) or avoid bright light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The proper schedule (64) light exposure depends a great deal on (65) travel plans. Data on a specific flight itinerary and the individual's sleep (66) are used to produce a Trip Guide with (67) on exactly when to be exposed to bright light.When the Trip Guide calls (68) bright light you should spend time outdoors if possible. If it is dark out-side, or the weather is bad, (69) you are on an aeroplane, you can use a special light device to provide the necessary light (70) for a range of activities such as reading, watching TV or working.（分数：10.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：to）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：disruption）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：functions）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：regular）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：encounters）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：symptoms）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：while）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：available）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：tentative）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：devised）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：through）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：most）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：retrieve）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：for）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：specific）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：pattern）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：instructions）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：for）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：or）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：acceleration）解析：四、Part Ⅳ English-Chinese Translation(总题数：1，分数：15.00)In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into super systems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly. As recently as 1995, the top four railroads accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails. Next year, after a series of mergers is completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers.71. Supporters of the new super systems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service. Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks. But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company. Railroads typically charge such "captive" shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government's Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time-consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.72. Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone's cost. If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：91
2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题（） troublesome the problem is, he faces it with patience.问题1选项A.HoweverB.No matterC.DespiteD.Although【答案】A【解析】考查连词的用法。
However引导让步状语从句，与no matter how+形容词这个结构表示一样的意思，所以A选项符合题意。
2.单选题Hard work and malnutrition （）his health and he looked thin and pale.问题1选项A.impairedB.promotedC.acceleratedD.smashed 【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
impair “损害”；promote “促进”；accelerate “加速”；smash “击碎，撞击”。
句意：繁重的工作以及营养不良损害了他的健康，他看起来瘦弱，脸色苍白。
选项A符合题意。
3.单选题（） found four-leaf clover is considered a lucky sign.问题1选项A.It is rarelyB.RarelyC.The rarelyD.Despite its being rarely【答案】C【解析】考查定冠词的用法。
句意：罕见的四叶草被认为是幸运的象征。
定冠词 the 放在单数名词前表示某一类事物。
4.单选题All the parts of this model of automobile are（） , so that you can easily replace them everywhere.问题1选项A.modernizedB.standardizedC.mechanizedD.normalized【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
考博英语面试中的常见问题和答案详解
考博英语面试中的常见问题和答案详解1. 介绍一下你自己。
我是一名法律硕士（LLM）毕业生，专攻国际商法。
在过去的几年里，我在一家律师事务所担任法律助理的职位。
我对法律领域有着浓厚的兴趣，并希望继续深入研究和学术探索。
我选择考博是为了进一步提升自己的专业知识和研究能力。
2. 为什么你想要攻读博士学位？我希望通过攻读博士学位，能够在法律领域做出更深入的研究和贡献。
博士学位将使我能够深入研究我感兴趣的领域，并与其他专家进行学术交流，拓宽我的视野。
我相信博士学位将为我提供更多的机会，让我在学术界和法律实践中取得更大的成就。
3. 你为什么选择我们的学校？我选择贵校是因为贵校在法律领域有着卓越的声誉和学术资源。
贵校的教师拥有丰富的研究经验和广泛的学术网络，他们的研究成果和学术贡献在国际上也有很高的认可度。
我相信在贵校的研究环境中，我将能够接触到最前沿的法律研究和理论，并与其他优秀的学者共同研究和成长。
4. 你的研究兴趣是什么？我的研究兴趣主要集中在国际商法领域。
具体来说，我对跨境交易、国际仲裁和国际贸易法有着浓厚的兴趣。
我希望通过深入研究这些领域，能够为国际商务领域的法律实践提供有价值的解决方案和建议。
5. 你的研究计划是什么？我的研究计划是通过对国际商法的深入研究，探讨跨境交易中法律风险管理的有效策略。
我计划分析国际商法中的法律问题和挑战，并提出相应的解决方案。
我希望通过我的研究，能够为国际商务领域提供实用性和可行性的法律建议，以帮助企业在跨境交易中降低法律风险并提高效率。
6. 你在研究方面有何经验？在过去的几年里，我在法律事务所工作期间参与了多个国际商务案件的研究和处理工作。
我负责分析和解决涉及国际合同、国际贸易纠纷和仲裁程序的法律问题。
这些经历使我熟悉了国际商法的实践操作和研究方法，并培养了我解决复杂法律问题的能力。
7. 你认为自己的研究能够对学术界和实践产生什么影响？我相信我的研究将能够对学术界和实践产生积极的影响。
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2015延边大学考博英语历年真题一、招考介绍从整体上看，由于博士生招生形势的不断发展各院校博士生入学考试的难度越来越大，对考生的外语水平要求也越来越高，特别是听、说能力。
攻读博士学位的学生，一方面应该具备坚实的专业理论基础和扎实的科研能力，另一方面还应该具备较高水平的外语能力。
二、延边大学考博英语题型Part1:词汇15分。
30小题。
Part2:阅读理解40分。
共20小题，4篇短文。
Part3:完形填空10分。
共20小题。
Part4:翻译15分。
英译汉，一篇短文中指定的5句话。
Part5:写作20分。
200字左右。
三、考博英语必备参考书育明考博教研部主编,河北大学出版社出版的《考博英语真题解析》和《考博词汇》是考博人必备的两本书。
在当当网，亚马逊和全国各大书店均有销售，也可以联系我们直接购买。
四、联系导师在初步定好考博学校之后，就要和所报考院校中意的老师取得联系，询问是否有招生名额，能否报考，这是我们考博成功的关键第一步。
大多数考生会在九月中下旬与导师取得联系。
因为太早，学校里面直博名额什么的还没有确定，报考的导师也不清楚是否有名额；太晚的话，怕别的学生比你早联系就不好了。
一般情况下，导师对一个学生很中意的话，后来联系的学生，导师一般也不会答应其报考了。
在此说点题外话，联系导师的过程中，如果读研期间的导师有关系，可以尽量利用。
如果没有，也没关系，凭着自己的本事也是可以和考博导师很好的沟通的，这就要看自己了。
通常跟导师初次联系，都是发邮件。
导师回复邮件的情况一般有几种：（1）、欢迎报考。
这种答复最笼统，说明不了问题。
我们可以接着努力和老师多沟通，看看具体的进展，避免出现初试之后却没有名额的情况。
（2）、名额有限，可以报考，但有竞争。
很多人说这样的回复不满意，认为希望很小一般会被刷。
其实这样还是比较好的一种回答，最起码导师没有骗你而且给你机会去证明自己，考的好就可以上。
(3）、你的研究方向和我一样......各种一大堆他的研究方向和你相关，欢迎报考什么的话。
不可否认，这是最好的情况，你可以放心的去考，一般不会出问题的。
但不排除偶然，像出现直博和本学校的硕转博名额问题，可能会给我们的报考和录取产生影响。
总之考博凭的是实力和自身的本事，关系只是占一部分，自己努力了就行，不用过分纠结于导师回复有没有啥隐含意思的。
初次联系好导师后，一定要注意跟导师保持联系。
每半个月或者一个月向导师汇报一下学习情况或者复习情况，交流一下科研方向，这很有必要。
一方面让导师觉得你很想去跟他深造，另一方面显得你虔诚好学。
五、听力答题技巧1、卷子发下来后快速的浏览一遍，包括题干和答案。
这样会大大提高你对听力的理解---知道它是讲什么内容，大概是怎么回事。
联系我们扣扣：四一六九二五五五九。
电话：四零零六六八六九七八。
扣扣群：一零五六一九八二零。
2、没听懂的题目，就放弃它，千万不要在听下道题的时候还在想上道题。
这样会引起头脑的混乱。
3、相信第一感觉，听力部分不是非常确凿的感觉的话不要改动开始的答案。
人的大脑有时候会混淆的。
因此很多情况下不是你选错了，而是改错了。
因此轻易别选，但是选了之后轻易别改。
(1)提炼选项中的重要信息考生务必先看选项。
当录音人开始宣读Directions时，考生应充分利用这段时间速读选项，预测考点，从而做到心中有数。
通过先看选项，可以明确题目多方面的信息。
(2)掌握节奏合理安排时间可能没有哪种考试对时间安排的要求比听力考试还要苛刻。
“录音不等人”，所以很多考生答题时都很紧张。
其实，听力考试每分钟阅读的字数和停顿时间有严格限制：约每分钟140词，每个问题后有约15秒停顿。
拍子已经固定，我们要做的是跟上节奏，过分的紧张只会造成混乱，直接影响发挥。
答题时，考生切勿在某一题上花费过多的时间(一般少于10秒/题)，剩余的时间用于阅读下一题的选项和大胆猜测考点。
一旦没有听懂就根据已经掌握的信息迅速猜一个答案，马上进入下一题的节奏。
千万不可拖泥带水，否则破坏了节奏，可能造成随后的简单题目失分。
答案选定后可放松一口气，然后尽可能多看下一题乃至两题的选项。
(3)听力是一种Paraphrase考试Paraphrase就是运用同类词语的替换或句型的变换解释句或段的意义。
听力考试多数时候是一种paraphrase考试，它往往考的不是考生是否听见，而是考考生是否听懂。
把命题中的对话和段落原封不动地照搬到答案里，等着考生把它挑出来，在考博听力考试中这种题型几乎找不到。
绝大多数题目，要求考生把听到的原文进行变换和归纳，对应到选项中。
如此一来，我们不光得竖起耳朵听，还得开动脑筋想。
这就造成有的考生听懂了原文的每个字，却选不出答案。
要避免这种情况，请注意正确答案的固定特征：(4)听懂语调和重音英语和汉语一样，说话人通过各种各样的语调和重音的变化表达不同的意思。
考博听力中，专业的录音人更是力求表演得真实，他们绝不会用平淡的语调表示自己的惊讶，也绝不会把重音放在无关紧要的词上。
重读的每一处都具有提示作用。
因而，从录音人的表现中就能推测出人物的心理活动、观点和态度。
重音和语调是最为重要的线索。
辨认录音人语调中的信息在听力考试中比听懂单个词更重要。
(5)针对题型逐个演练不管是对话还是文段，听力考试的提问可分主题题型、细节题型、推断题型和语言点题型四大类。
我们可以在平时的练习中有意识的总结做题的方法和技巧。
六、阅读理解的解题技巧其实考博阅读的技巧是有针对性的，看整篇文章就是为了弄清文章的框架，具体的问题我们可以不管，但文章的层次必须弄清楚。
只有弄清了文章的层次，具体的问题才好归类，结合课后问题才能快速定位问题答案。
另外我发现考博的题目基本都围绕在文章的各层次主干上，细枝末节上基本没有涉题，于是就会发现，原文几百字的文章，真正需要了解的只有主干的几十字而已，其余的东西都可省。
当我们划去冗余，就会发现几十字的文章骨架基本覆盖所有的问题。
可见，对于考博阅读，若要高效正确的征服，必须学会快速分析文章的主干。
这就是基于逻辑的阅读，上升到理论层面的阅读模式。
下面进行具体分析：（1）主旨在英语阅读中要弄清楚层次，个人以为要弄清文章主旨，段落中心以及段落内部的次中心，这些在一些文章主旨题和一些细节题上很受用。
常规的文章主旨都会有其固定的出现地点:首段末尾处、第二段的开头和最后一段。
当然也有非常规的情况，这就需要靠自己的能力去寻找。
找主旨需要慢慢训练，常规的、非常规的文章都能通过真题并结合后面的专家解析，这样能力就能够很快地提升。
（2）常规文章行文逻辑本文中一直的强调要重视文章逻辑，那么，一般的都有哪些逻辑呢？通过一般归纳总结，大致可以得到四个逻辑框架。
这些框架特别有助于理解文章的总体内容，阅读过程按框架有重点地跳读，辨明逻辑主线，在把握文章重点、段落中心和段内次中心基础上，会有很好的效果。
也许，在做考博阅读之初，很多平日里有扎实功底的同学也会出现全军覆没的局面，出现这种情况，并不一定是英语词汇有巨大的缺知，而可能是逻辑上出现混乱。
现在将框架简单介绍如下：框架1：提出问题——分析问题——解决问题框架2：叙述现象——分析现象——结论框架3：提出观点——支持or反驳该观点——重申观点框架4：两种东西对比——分项对比——总体对照在阅读中要有意识的将文章归类分析，弄清逻辑，以上列出的是主干，还需进一步分析到枝叶，这样才能达到层次清晰的程度。
到段落级别，文章中心也容易辨出，多数文章中心在首末，少数会出现在段中。
于是在理解阅读文章的时候，在定位完毕后尽量将重点阅读范围扩大多句，观察所在句子在段落中的地位和在全文的地位。
一般情况，较接近的段中心和段落次中心往往就是正确答案，当然在最终填写答案的时候还是细细分析更为可靠。
（3）暗含答案的重点位置所谓文章重点就是阅读文章时得特别关注的地方，也是我们在浏览文章时眼界的着力点。
在考博阅读中，出题点一般都是文章中较为重要的地方，常见的有段落的中心和次中心；对于非中心，考博文章一般不会考察。
这是博士研究生入学考试的选拔性和阅读科技论文实用性所决定的。
上述的逻辑对于宏观题基本可以一网打尽，但对于微观题，我们必须通过重点位置的提示来解决。
下面通过一些分析和重点位置的介绍来理解把握文章的细节：1）所有文章的中心与段落中心和次中心。
2）转折和因果。
在阅读中，最好把含有转折和因果的词句标出来，因为转折和因果都意味着作者的观点和态度，相对一般句子更有强调性。
例如：because，for，but，however……3）表示观点的句子、观点的词可能多处出现，当然并不是所有观点的句子和词汇都是重点，但值得一读。
阅读文章中对这些词语的敏感是件令人兴奋的事情，所以平时应做好积累。
例如：agree，acknowledge，assert，see，insist，according to，find，think，believe，show，point out，content，acclaim，say等4）特殊标点符号，有的表示具体说明、有表解释、有表反义等等，均有或强或弱的强调意味，主要的特殊标点符号有：——、（）、“”等。
5）情态动词。
should，must都能表达作者感情的因素，能从侧面反映作者对于某事物的观点，理应重点阅读。
6）特殊句型。
例如副词提前加逗号这种形式Variety，……，Significantly，……副词在句中起着很大作用，能反映态度，能表程度，这种特殊句型更有强调的成分，值得多阅读分析。
7）有指代的比较级、最高级和such/so等。
上面列举的一些重点特征很多，无异就是一些相对突出强调的词语。
阅读文章的时候，仅靠这些重点基本上可以做出大部分的阅读题。
阅读时快速画出重点，仅阅读含有重点特征的句子，对文章进行“减肥”，以提高阅读效率。
（4）选项特点1）正确答案的特点a、与原文句子同义词替换。
b、相对原文语法变化，如原文中的被动变为主动。
C、正面反面，即原文句子的否定形式，答案变成肯定的正面叙述；原文是肯定形式，从正面叙述，答案变成否定形式从反面叙述。
d、AB角度，原文从A角度叙述某事，而答案从B角度叙述同一件事情，本质不变。
e、具体抽象，即原文具体事例，答案变为抽象概括，或反之。
2）干扰选项的特点a、照抄原文，个别词语不同。
b、一半信息符合原文，一半信息不符。
c、将原文某些信息张冠李戴。
d、与原文叙述的内容相反。
e、与原文中没有出现观点新信息。
f、含有绝对化的词语，如only，always，never，all，everything，anything，everywhere，everybody，nobody。
g、逻辑错误，因果颠倒等。
最后，育明考博提醒：要做好考博英语阅读必须在扎实的英语词汇和语法的基础上，从不同角度对文章进行分解和思考。