英语泛读unit 2
英语专业泛读考试单词
泛读 1 unit2 fool's paradiseTake for grant 而不把、、、当回事convince [kən'vins]vt. 说服；使确信，使信服[ 过去式convinced 过去分词convinced 现在分词convincing ]consult [kɔn'sʌlt, 'kɔnsʌlt]vt. 查阅；商量；向…请教vi. 请教；商议；当顾问light up照亮；点亮arrangement [ə'reindʒmənt]n. 布置；整理；准备laden with充满，载满ravenously ['rævənəsli]adv. 贪婪的；渴望的；大嚼地dwelling ['dweliŋ]n. 住处；寓所v. 居住（dwell的现在分词）mourning ['mɔ:niŋ, 'məun-]n. 哀痛；服丧v. 哀伤；为…哀悼（mourn的ing形式）beside oneself极度兴奋；发狂Unit3 young william shakespeareorchard ['ɔ:tʃəd]n. 果园；果树林enraged [inreidg]adj. 暴怒的；忿怒填胸的v. 使发怒；触怒（enrage的过去分词）diligent ['dilidʒənt]adj. 勤勉的；用功的，费尽心血的expedition [,ekspi'diʃən]n. 远征；探险队；迅速monotonous [mə'nɔtənəs]adj. 单调的，无抑扬顿挫的；无变化的insignificant [,insig'nifikənt]adj. 无关紧要的significant [sig'nifikənt]adj. 重大的；有效的；有意义的；值得注意的；意味深长的n. 象征；有意义的事物[ 比较级more significant 最高级most significant ]Do costumesversatile ['və:sətail]adj. 多才多艺的；通用的，万能的；多面手的rehearsal [ri'hə:səl]n. 排演；预演；练习；训练；叙述Unit 4 migratory birds and coffeesanctuary ['sæŋktju'ri, -tʃuə-]n. 避难所；至圣所；耶路撒冷的神殿[ 复数sanctuaries ]habitatsn. 栖息地；（动植物的）产地（habitat的复数形式）canopy ['kænəpi]n. 天篷；华盖；遮篷；苍穹vt. 用天蓬遮盖；遮盖[ 复数canopies 过去式canopied 去分词canopied 现在分词canopying ]convert [kən'və:t]vt. 使转变；转换…；使…改变信仰vi. 转变，变换；皈依；改变信仰n. 皈依者；改变宗教信仰者compatible [kəm'pætəbl]adj. 兼容的；能共处的；可并立的compatible withadj. 与……和谐相处；与……相配的amphibian [æm'fibiən]n. 两栖动物；水陆两用飞机；具有双重性格的人adj. 两栖类的；水陆两用的；具有双重性格的safeguarding ['seifga:dŋ]n. 安全防护；安全措施v. 保护（safeguard的ing形式）；保卫deliberate [di'libərət]adj. 故意的；深思熟虑的；从容的vt. 仔细考虑；商议[ 过去式deliberated 过去分词deliberated 现在分词deliberating ]temperate ['tempərit]adj. 温和的；适度的；有节制的[ 比较级more temperate 最高级most temperate ]Unit 6 the call of the wildgrowl [ɡraul]vi. 咆哮着说vt. 咆哮；（雷电，炮等）轰鸣n. 咆哮声；吠声；不平let go松手；放手松手；放开；放掉，释放；使射出，(自愿)放弃，忽略；忘记，断裂，解雇，无拘无束crash [kræʃ]n. 碰撞；崩溃；坠落vt. 坠落；破碎；撞碎vi. 碰撞；坠毁；闯；突然倒台adj. 速成的[ 第三人称单数crashes 过去式crashed 过去分词crashed 现在分词crashing ]broken ['brəukən]adj. 破碎的；坏掉的v. 折断；打碎；损坏（break的过去分词）obey [əu'bei]vt. 服从，听从；按照……行动vi. 服从，顺从；听话notice ['nəutis]n. 通知，布告；注意；公告vt. 通知；注意到；留心vi. 引起注意[ 过去式noticed 过去分词noticed 现在分词noticing ]chase away赶走；驱逐throw oneself at向…猛扑过去；拼命讨好disappear [,disə'piə]vi. 消失；失踪；不复存在vt. 使…不存在；使…消失Unit 9 techniques that might smile upon mona lisaintersect [,intə'sekt]vi. 相交，交叉vt. 横断，横切；贯穿devise [di'vaiz]vt. 设计；想出；发明；图谋；遗赠给n. 遗赠[ 过去式devised 过去分词devised 现分humidity [hju:'midəti]n. 湿度；湿气resilient [ri'ziliənt, -jənt]adj. 弹回的，有弹力的contract ['kɔntrækt, kən'trækt]vi. 收缩；感染；订约vt. 感染；订约；使缩短n. 合同；婚约elastic [i'læstik]adj. 有弹性的；灵活的；易伸缩的n. 松紧带；橡皮圈subject ['sʌbdʒikt, -dʒe-, səb'dʒekt]n. 主题；科目；主语；国民adj. 服从的；易患…的；受制于…的vt. 使…隶属；使屈从于…undeterred [ʌndi'tə:d]adj. 未受阻的；未被吓住的vulnerable ['vʌlnərəbl]adj. 易受攻击的，易受…的攻击；易受伤害的；有弱点的confirm [kən'fə:m]vt. 确认；确定；证实；批准；使巩固differ ['difə]vt. 使…相异；使…不同vi. 相异；意见分歧intrigue [in'tri:ɡ, 'in-]n. 阴谋；诡计；复杂的事；私通vt. 用诡计取得；激起...的兴趣vi. 私通；密谋[ 过去式intrigued 过去分词intrigued 现在分词intriguing ]book2 unit the shadowland of dreamrequite [ri'kwait]vt. 报答，回报；酬谢[ 过去式requited 过去分词requited 现在分词requiting ] prospect ['prɔspekt]n. 前途；预期；景色vi. 勘探，找矿vt. 勘探，勘察station ['steiʃən]n. 站；驻地；地位；身分on the side另外；作为兼职well up涌出；流露；萌发veteran ['vetərən]n. 老兵；老手；富有经验的人；老运动员adj. 经验丰富的；老兵的wilted [wiltid]adj. 枯萎的；萎蔫的v. 枯萎；衰弱（wilt的过去分词）wilt [wilt]vt. 使枯萎；使畏缩；使衰弱vi. 枯萎；畏缩；衰弱n. 枯萎；憔悴；衰弱limelight ['laimlait]n. 石灰光，石灰光灯；众人注目的中心vt. 使显露头角，使受到注目[ 过去式limelighted或-lit 过去分词limelighted或-lit 现在分词limelighting ]短语1.fond of the limelight爱出风头，爱引人注意2.in the limelighta. 【戏剧】处于舞台聚光灯照射的地方；有聚光灯的照耀下b. 引人注目；处于显要地3.steal the limelight把人们(或观众)的注意力从别处吸引过来，出尽风头；抢镜头exhilarating [iɡ'ziləreitiŋ]adj. 使人愉快的；令人喜欢的；爽快的v. 使高兴，使兴奋（exhilarate的现在corroded [kə'rəudid]adj. 侵蚀的，已被腐蚀的corrode [kə'rəud]vt. 侵蚀；损害vi. 受腐蚀；起腐蚀作用Unit 3 recyclingdivert [dai'və:t, di-]vt. 转移；使…欢娱；使…转向vi. 转移stack [stæk]n. 堆；堆叠vt. 使堆叠；把…堆积起来impact ['impækt, im'pækt]vt. 影响；撞击；冲突；压紧vi. 冲击；产生影响n. 影响；效果；碰撞；冲击力vi. 堆积，堆叠insulate ['insjuleit, 'insə-]vt. 隔离，使孤立；[物]使绝缘，使隔热[ 过去式insulated 过去分词insulated 现在分词insulating ]casual ['kæʒjuəl]adj. 随便的；非正式的；临时的；偶然的n. 便装；临时工人；待命士兵[ 比较级more casual 最高级most casual ]demolition [,demə'liʃən]n. 拆除（等于demolishment）；破坏；毁坏fad [fæd]n. 时尚；一时的爱好；一时流行的狂热discard [dis'kɑ:d, 'diskɑ:d]vt. 抛弃；放弃；丢弃vi. 放弃n. 抛弃；被丢弃的东西或人garbage ['ɡɑ:bidʒ]n. 垃圾；废物viability [,vaiə'biliti]n. 生存能力，发育能力；可行性consistently [kən'sistəntli]adv. 一贯地；一致地；坚实地hold on不挂断电话，等一下；继续hold down ['həulddaun]抑制；压制；保有Unit 6 fathers &sons: the bonding processwallow ['wɔləu]vi. 打滚；沉迷；颠簸n. 打滚；堕落；泥坑combat ['kɔmbæt, kəm'bæt]vt. 反对；与…战斗vi. 战斗；搏斗n. 战斗；争论adj. 战斗的；为…斗争的[ 过去式combated或combatted 过去分词combated或combatted 现在分词combating或combatting ]scouredv. 擦洗；腐蚀；摩擦（scour的过去式）scour ['skauə]vi. 冲刷；擦；腹泻vt. 擦亮，洗涤；冲洗，清除n. 擦，冲刷；洗涤剂；（畜类等的）腹泻hinged [hindʒd]adj. 有铰链的；铰链式的v. 给…装上绞链；依…而定（hinge的过去分词）hinge [hindʒ]n. 铰链；枢纽；关键vt. 给…安装铰链vi. 依…而转移[ 过去式hinged 过去分词hinged 现在分词hinging ]appreciate [ə'pri:ʃieit]vt. 欣赏；感激；领会；鉴别vi. 增值；涨价[ 过去式appreciated 过去分词appreciated 现在分词appreciating ]endeavor [in'devə]n. 努力；尽力（等于endeavour）vi. 努力；尽力（等于endeavour）vt. 努力；尽力（等于endeavour）abundance [ə'bʌndəns]n. 充裕，丰富sacrifice ['sækrifais]n. 牺牲；祭品；供奉vt. 牺牲；献祭；亏本出售vi. 献祭；奉献[ 过去式sacrificed 过去分词sacrificed 现在分词sacrificing ]salute [sə'lju:t, sɑ:'lu:te]n. 致敬，欢迎；敬礼vt. 行礼致敬，欢迎vi. 致意，打招呼；行礼[ 过去式saluted 过去分词saluted 现在分词saluting ]celebritiesn. 名人（celebrity的复数）；名誉demonsn. 魔族，恶魔；守护程序demon ['di:mən]n. 恶魔；魔鬼；精力充沛的人；邪恶的事物encompass [in'kʌmpəs]vt. 包含；包围，环绕；完成Unit 11 the rocking-house winneradore [ə'dɔ:]vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱；[口]极喜欢vi. 崇拜；爱慕[ 过去式adored 过去分词adored 现在分词adoring ]discreet [dis'kri:t]adj. 谨慎的；小心的materialize [mə'tiəriəlaiz]vt. 使具体化，使有形；使突然出现；使重物质而轻精神vi. 实现，成形；突然出现[ 过去式materialized 过去分词materialized 现在分词materializing ]frenzy ['frenzi]n. 狂暴；狂怒；暴怒vt. 使发狂；使狂怒[ 复数frenzies 过去式frenzied 过去分词frenzied 现在分词frenzying ]career [kə'riə]n. 事业，职业；生涯post [pəust]n. 岗位；邮件；标杆vt. 张贴；公布；邮递；布置vi. 快速行进pursue [pə'sju:, -'su:]vt. 继续；从事；追赶；纠缠vi. 追赶；继续进行[ 过去式pursued 过去分词pursued 现在分词pursuing ]Not to let it beyond us threeLet it go 放手，任它去Let sb go 释放，解雇Unit 12 social critic with ververecuperate [ri'kju:pəreit]vi. 恢复，复原；挽回损失vt. 恢复，使恢复健康[ 过去式recuperated 过去分词recuperated 现在分词recuperating ]torment [tɔ:'ment, 'tɔ:m-]vt. 折磨，使痛苦；纠缠，作弄n. 痛苦，苦恼；痛苦的根源dissertation [,disə'teiʃən]n. 论文，专题；学术演讲lavish ['læviʃ]adj. 浪费的；丰富的；大方的vt. 浪费；慷慨给予；滥用champion ['tʃæmpiən]n. 冠军；拥护者；战士vt. 支持；拥护adj. 优胜的；第一流的underwent [,ʌndə'went]v. 经验；遭遇（undergo的过去式）condemned [kən'demd]adj. 已被定罪的；被责难的condemn [kən'dem]vt. 谴责；判刑，定罪；声讨envoy ['envɔi]n. 使者；全权公使miniature ['miniətʃə]adj. 微型的，小规模的n. 缩图；微型画；微型图画绘画术vt. 是…的缩影[ 过去式miniatured 过去分词miniatured 现在分词miniaturing ]rapturous ['ræptʃərəs]adj. 狂喜的；兴高采烈的；欢天喜地的[ 比较级more rapturous 最高级most rapturous ]。
英语泛读教程3Unit 2
Chinese native speaker who learns English as a foreign language communicate with English speaker, it’s better to transfer Chinese rules to English. Otherwise, misunderstanding or joke may takes place during cross-cultural communication. For example, “Are you busy today?” is often use as a greeting in Chinese culture, but a requesting in English language.
* Abbreviations such as short names which can be used when they are likely to be identified by the reader. Also initials are used whenever possible. “Close-up on Will” “Yard smash airport gang” “MP criticizes dishonest election plan” * Shortened words and slang “Weekly mag for stamp lovers to be launched” “Br fly into stormover pigeon ban” “Olivier denies ‘blackmail’ jibe”
English newspaper headlines uses a special vocabulary. A headline contracts a lot of information into a short space and hence in headlines we often see. In order to conserve space in headlines is to use “short” words instead of long ones. In the example below notice the various ways the headline writer can shorten the headline * Short words “Foreign Aid: A Hard Look” “Google Settles Ad Probe for $500 Million”
英语泛读教程2(王守仁)答案
Keys to Reading Course 2Unit 1 ReadingSection AWord Pretest1.B2.A3.B4.A5.B6.C7.B8.CReading Comprehension1.B2.A3.B4.B5.C6.CVocabulary BuildingWord Search1. assignment2. irony3. reverse4. accomplish5. assemble6. squeeze7. sensual8. fragment9. narcotic 10. adolescenceUse of English1Bob agreed to take on the leadership of the expedition.2The world was taken in by his fantastic story of having got to the Pole alone.3He took up his story after a pause for questions and refreshments.4That takes me back to the time I climbed to the top of Mount Fuji.5The members of the party took it in turns to steer the boat.6They took it for granted that someone would pick up their signals and come to their aid. Stems7proclaim: to announce officially and publicly; to declare8percentage: a proportion or share in relation to a whole; a part9confirm: to support or establish the certainty or validity of; to verify10affirm: to declare positively or firmly; to maintain to be true11centigram: a metric unit of mass equal to one hundredth of a gram12exclaim: to express or utter(something) suddenly or vehementlySynonyms1. adaptability2. purpose3.strained4.hold5.defeatClozeimportant second France student bilingualmonolingual serious means use difficultSection B1.F2.T3.T4.C5.A6.B7.B8.B9.B 10.T11.T 12.F 13.F 14.T 15.TSection C1.F2.T3.T4.F5.T6.F7.F8.F9.F 10.FUnit 2 MusicSection AWord Pretest1. B2. C3. B4. C5. B6. BReading comprehension1. T2. F3. T4. T5. T6. T7. T8. FVocabulary BuildingWord search1. folk2. capacity3. sensuous4. qualified5. abuse6. stuff7. mood8. clarity9. striveSemantic variations1. B2. B3. B4. B5. A6.BStems13compose: to make up the constituent parts of; to constitute or form14contract: to reduce in size by drawing together, to shrink15dispose of: to get rid of, to throw out16impose: to obtrude or force( oneself, for example) on another or others 17subtract: to make away, to deduct18deposit: to put (money) in a bank or financial accountSynonyms1. discriminating2. widespread3. compatibility4. clearness5. association Clozemusic form south danceinterest instruments voice rootsSection B1. F2. T3. F4. F5. F6.T 7 T 8. F 9 F 10. F11. F 12. T 13. T 14. F 15 TSection C1. D2. A3. D4. D5.D6. D7. D8. AUnit 3 GenerationSection AWord Pretest1. C2. C3. B4. C5. B6. C7. C8. AReading Comprehension1. D2. C3. C4. A5. B6. C7. A8. BVocabulary BuildingWord search1. lull2. associate3. client4. utterly5. certificate6. rags7. jerk8. foreman9. demanding 10. sentimentalSemantic variations1. C2. C3. B4. A5. B6. CStems19transmit: to send from one person, thing, or place to another; to convey 20deduce: to reach (a conclusion) by reasoning21eject: to throw out forcefully; to expel22compel: to force, drive, or constrain23project: to thrust outward or forward24conduct: to lead or guideAntonyms1. hopeless2. disobedient3. weighty4. agree5. clearClozeactive girls skirts move raisedforce show fly hesitated planeSections B1. B2. C3. C4. B5. C6. C7. C8. C9. A 10.C 11. C 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. C Section C1. F2. T3. T4. T5. F6. F7. T8. F9. T 10. TUnit 4Section AWord Pretest1.D2.A3.A4.B5.A6.C7.A8.B9.D 10. CReading Comprehension1.B2.B3.B4.B5.C6.A7.BVocabulary BuildingWord Search1. slanting2. equator3. amplifier4. vapor5. desert6. latitude7. atlitude8. monsoon9. drain 10. precautionSemantic Variations1.A2.B3.C4.A5.C6.AStems25division: one of the parts, sections or groups into which something is divided26evident: easily see or understood; obvious27individual: a single human being considered apart from a society or community28sustain: to support from below; to keep from falling or sinking; to prop29visible: possible to see; perceptible to the eye30obtain: to succeed in gaining possession of as the result of planning or endeavor; to acquire Synonyms1. mixture2. eternal3.impact4.humidity5.remoteClozeradio incorrect predict misunderstandingunexplained happen up rightSection B1.B2.C3.A4.F5.T6.F7.F8.F9.T 10.C11.C 12.B 13.T 14.F 15.TSection C1.T2.T3.F4.T5.F6.T7.F8.T9.T 10.TUnit 5 WorkSection AWord Pretest1C 2A 3B 4 C 5 B 6 A 7 C 8 CReading Comprehension1-8 C A A C C BVocabulary BuildingWord Search1 intangible 2. crave 3 ego 4 attributable 5 stall 6 tool up 7 at stake 8. cram 9. forfeit 10. cornyUse of English31By the time I opened the can its contents had gone off.32I’ll go over how it works before you try it yourself.33I was told it would be repaired free of charge, but the man in the shop has gone back on his promise.34The book was so popular that there weren’t enough copies to go round.35His shop has gone out of business after making heavy losses.36The trade has gone from bad to worse and staff are being laid off.Stems1-6 BADAACSynonyms 1-5 graceful spontaneously oppose usual clientClozestaff maximize objectives participate potentialskills easier appointed specific commitmentSection B1-5 ACBFT 6-10 FACDB 11-15 CBTFTSection C1-5 FTFTF 6-10 TFTFTUnit 6 The African-AmericansSection AWord Pretest1. C2. A3. C4. A5. B6. A7. C8. CReading Comprehension1. F 2T 3T 4F 5T 6F 7T 8TVocabulary BuildingWord Search1. destined2. relief3. segregation4. boycott5. sit-in6. legacy7. chronicle8. assault9. plight 10. vigilanceSemantic Variations1C 2A 3C 4A 5B 6CStems1. evolution: the theory that groups of organisms change with passage of time, mainly as a result of natural selection, so that descendants differ morphologically and physiologically from their ancestors2. ascend: to go or move upward3. devolve: to pass on or delegate to another4. migrate: to change location periodically, especially by moving seasonally from one region to another5. export: to send or transport (a commodity, for example) abroad, especially for trade or sale6. condescend: to descend to the level of one considered inferior; to lower oneselfAntonyms1. observe2. admit3. dismiss4. eulogize5. advanceClozeNominated raised immigrated earned roseAssignment position army autobiography speakerSection B1T 2T 3F 4C 5B 6D 7D 8D 9T 10F11F 12F 13T 14TSection C1A 2D 3D 4C 5C 6B 7D 8CKeys to Reading Course 2Unit 7 Greek StoriesSection AWord Pretest1.C2.B3.D4.D5.A6.B7.B8.A9.C 10.CReading Comprehension1.B2.C3.C4.C5. C6.D7.C8.DVocabulary BuildingWord matchripple a little wave on the surface of watermischief naughty behavior by childrenhospitality welcoming behaviorbillow a large sea wavespell delightful influencenymph a goddess of natureband a group of musiciansuitor a man wishing to marry a particular womanmortal a human beingwarrior a soldiercrafty cunninghostile unfriendlymerry cheerfultame not wildcontent satisfiedresume to take againgloom darknessdespise to look down on with contemptdismay a strong feeling of fear, anxiety and hopelessnessdusk the time just before nightSemantic Variations1-6 CAAAACStems37tendency: movement or prevailing movement in a given direction2. conservative: favoring traditional views and values; tending to oppose change3. preserve: to keep in perfect or unaltered condition; tending to oppose change38valuable: of great importance39available: present and ready for use; at hand; accessible40prevail: to be most common or frequent; to be predominantAntonyms1. forbid2. clarify3.sorrow4.remain5.concealClozename place arrows wandered powermischief won neglected celebrate expeditionSection B1-5 CCACD 6-10 TTFFF 11-15 TTBBCSection C1-5 CADBA 6-8DCCUnit 8 Attitude Towards LifeSection AWord Pretest: BACBA BCAReading Comprehension: CABBC BBBVocabulary BuildingWord matchastonishing surprisingconsiderate thoughtful of other persons’ wishes, needs or feelingspreach to advise or urge others to accept (sth. one believes in)strenuous taking or needing great effort or strengtharena an enclosed area for sports, public entertainments, etc.adversity bad fortune, troublebatter to damage, break, or cause to lose shapereverse the opposite, the other way roundpenetrate to see into or throughself-esteem one’s good opinion of one’s own worthdoom to cause to suffer sth unavoidable and terribleemerge to come out or appear from inside or from being hiddenblessing a gift from God or anything that brings happiness and good fortune mess up to get into disorder; to spoil, etc.devastating completely destructivecommon denominator a quality or belief shared by all the members of a group odds the probabilities that sth will or will not happenstack to arrange dishonestly so as to give oneself an unfair advantage motive to provide with a strong reason for doing sth.falter lose strength or effectiveness; weakenSemantic Variations: CBBACBStems1 prescribe to advise the use of a medicine2 description an account of a person in words3 terrain a stretch of land, with regard to its natural features4 subscribe to pay regularly in order to receive a magazine, newspaper, etc.5 territorial of a country’s territory6 extraterrestrial of or from outside the earth or its atmosphereAntonymsappear ready hide s skillful carelessClozeintelligent activities workout attitudeoff reducing seem asideSection BCCCCC TFTFT TTFFTSection CFTFTF TFTTTUnit 9 First AidSection AWord Pretest1.B.2.A.3.C4.B.5.B.6.B.7.B.8.A.9.C. 10.BReading comprehension1.B.2. C.3. D.4. B/D/A/C.5.C.6.C.7.A.8.C/A/B/DVocabulary BuildingWord Search1.ambulance2.urgent3.emergency4.massage5.yell6.vein7.artery8.fracture9.blister 10.tetanusUse of English1.The government has come in for a lot of criticism.2. It’s hard to come to terms with the government’s defense policy.3. After retiring in 1980 he has decided to make a comeback to the political scene.4. The situation has come to the boil now that the government has to face a vote of confidence.5. The tax cuts announced in the Budget do not come into effect until next year.6. The miners came out on strike against the government’s privatization plans.Stems41solo: a composition or passage for an individual voice or instrument, with or without accompaniment 42series: a number of objects or events arranged or coming one after the other in succession43isolate: to set apart or cut off from others44desert: to withdraw from, especially in spite of a responsibility or duty; to forsake45peninsula: a piece of land that projects into a body of water and is connected with the mainland by an isthmus46exert: to put to use or effect; to put forth47insulate: to prevent the passage of heat, electricity or sound into or out of somewhere, especially by surrounding with a non-conducting materials48insert: to put or set into, between or amongSynonyms49give 2. stop 3. antiseptic 4. block 5. penetrateClozePedestrians adults declining avoid signals case impaired fatalitiesSection B1.C2.B3.B4.D5.A6.C7.B8.A 9.T 10.F 11.F 12.F 13.T 14.TSection C1.F2.T3.F4.T5.F6.F7.F8.F9.F 10.TKeys to Reading Course 2Unit 10 MarriageSection AWord Pretest1.C2.C3.C4.C5.A6.A7.A8.CReading Comprehension1.A2.B3.C4.C5. B6.C7.A8.AVocabulary BuildingWord matchquotation a sentence or passage taken from a bookartificial not naturalanguish very great pain or suffering, esp. of the mindanniversary a day which is an exact year or number of years after something has happenedsuperstition a belief based on association of ideas instead of reason or factbouquet a bunch of flowersheed to give attention toescort to accompanyconfetti small pieces of colored paper thrown on weddingsconceal to hideconsent agreementasunder apartvow a solemn promise or declaration of intentionrites forms of behavior with a fixed pattern for a religious purposesermon to talk usually based on a sentence from the Bible and given as part of a church serviceUse of English50Will you please keep me company for a while?51I couldn’t keep a straight face when he told me of his plan.52The staff are going to be kept in the dark about the firm’s plans for the future.53I’ll keep an open mind until we’ve discussed it.54I’ll keep away from her until she’s feeling more optimistic.55Try to keep your head even if you don’t know what’s going to happen.Stems56briefly: for a short time; in as few words as possible57astronaut: a person trained to pilot, navigate, or otherwise participate in the flight of aspacecraft58abridge: to reduce the length of (a written text); to condense59fuse: to blend thoroughly by or as if by melting together60astronomy: the scientific study of matter in outer space, especially the positions, dimensions, distribution, motion, composition, energy and evolution of celestial bodes and phenomena61confusing: unclear or difficult to understand62abbreviate: to reduce (a word or phrase) to a shorter form intended to represent the full formSynonyms1. naughty2. divine3.break4.give5.seizeClozewrong dislike midnight standard homelife convinced meantime capitalSection B1.T2.F3.T4.F5.B6.C7.C8.D9.C 10.D11.F 12.T 13.F 14.A 15.C 16. BSection C1.T2.F3.T4.T5.F6.F7.T8.F9.F 10.TUnit 11 CreativitySection A Word Pretest1-5: B, A, A, B, A 6-8: B, A, AReading Comprehension1-6: A, C, A, A, C，CVocabulary Building ---Word Matchglow to give out heat or lightinstinctive (of ideas, behaviors) natural, not based on learning or thinkingexemplify to serve as examplefunnel a wide-mouthed tube used for pouring liquids into a narrow-necked containerprelude a short piece of music that introduces a large musical workapplaud to praise by clapping one’s handsflash to shine suddenly and brightlyattend to to direct one’s interest and effort topotential the ability to develop, achieve or succeedimpulse a sudden wish to do somethingdoze to sleep lightlyevaluate to judge the value or degree ofresurgence a return to power, life and activitystuck unable to gosketch to describe roughlyUse of English63The Austrians made peace with Napoleon.64They couldn’t make out what the enemy were trying to say.65Seeing the enemy’s guns facing him made hi hair stand on end.66The onset of winter made things worse for the troops.67While they were on leave the sailors made the most of their freedom.68I make no secret of my loathing for war.Stems69accordance: agreement; conformity70disclose: to make known (something heretofore kept secret); to reveal71inclusive: including the specified extremes or limits as well as the area between them72core: the hard or fibrous central part of certain fruits, such as the apple or the pear, containing the seeds 73enclose: to surround on all sides; to close in74conclude: to bring about a final agreement or settlement75encouragement: the act or words of encouraging76close: a cabinet or enclosed recess for storing linens, household supplies, or clothingAntonyms1. lose 2. horizontal 3. sterile 4. old 5. identicalClozename managed worked after feelparents computers playing to spend tradeSection B1-5: C, C, C, C, C 6-10: C, C, C, F, F 11-13: T, C, BSection C1-5: F, F, T, T, F 6: TUnit 12 TravelSection AWord Pretest1.A2.A3.C4.B5.B6.B7.A8.AReading Comprehension1.B2.B3.A4.C5.A6.A7.C8.BVocabulary BuildingWord Search1.halve2.purchase3.consulate4.fare5.discount6.resort7.monopoly8.principal9.carnival 10.boredomUse of English77They are putting on a version of “Cinderella” on ice.78The opening of his one-man show has been put off until he recovers from his illness.79I can’t put my finger on what it was that I disliked about the performance.80Put your previous failures behind you and think of what your next venture might be.81 A plan has been put forward to prevent valuable paintings being sold to collectors and galleries abroad.82They tried to put pressure on the Arts Council to supports the newly-formed orchestraStems1.dictation: the act of saying or reading aloud to be recorded or written by another2.fraction: a small part; a bit3.indication: serving as a sign, symptom, or token of; something that is signified4.predict: to state, tell about, or make known in advance, especially on the basis of special knowledge5.contradiction: being contrary to; being inconsistent with6.fragments: small parts broken off or detachedSynonyms1. chief2. examine3. fame4. local5. soleClozefound trade famous spread discoveryidea support offered valued saltSection B1.B2.C3.C4.C5.B6.C7.B8.T9.T 10.T11.C 12.C 13.BSection C1.F2.T3.F4.F5.T6.T7.F8.T9.F 10.FUnit 13 ExaminationsSection AWord Protest1. A2. C3. A4. B5. C6. A7. B8. BReading Comprehension1. B2. C3. C4. A5. C6. BVocabulary BuildingWord Search1. assimilate2. presentation3. deduct4. reinforce5. statistics6. offender7. thwart 8. impunity 9. plagiarize 10. reprimand 11. crib 12. divisiveSemantic Variations1. B2. B3. A4. C5. C6. BStems83occupation: an activity that serves as one’s regular source of livelihood; a vocation84broadcast: to transmit (a radio or television program) for public or general use85captive: taken and held prisoner, as in war86capture: to hold; to occupy87abroad: out of one’s own country88perceive: to become aware of directly through any of the sense, especially sight or hearing 89conceive: to form or hold an idea90broaden: to make or become broaderSynonyms1. thwart2. huge3. break4. obvious5. accomplishClozeadvantage meaningful disadvantages subject expressingreading unsatisfactory giving arise pictureSection B1. C2. D3. B4. B5.C6.T7.T8. F 9.F 10. T 11. T 12.B 13. A 14. BSection C1. F2. F3. T4. T5. T6. T7.T8. T9. T 10. TUnit 14 Intellectual PropertySection AWord Pretest1. B2. A3. B4. A5. A6. B7. C8. BReading Comprehension1. B2. C3. C4. B5. C6. B7. AVocabulary BuildingWord Search1. procedure2. variety3. multiple4. application5. promote6. diligent7. novelty8. judicial9. disclosure 10. stimulusUse of English91This cloudy weather is getting me down.92I would like to get this meeting over with as quickly as possible.93You won’t be able to get through to her what s he has to do.94His refusal to commit himself gets on my nerves.95Thomas and David get along very well.96One of these days I must get round to replying to all this correspondence.Stems1. densely: the quality of being packed or crowded together2. defense: the act of defending against attack, danger, or injury3. credit: an arrangement for deferred payment of a loan or purchase4. condense: to make (a liquid) thicker by removing some of the water5. incredible: too strange to be believed; unbelievable6. dense: difficult to see throughSynonyms1. rival2. final3. variety4. personal5. barClozebasis revised minimum addition works participated adopted conceptsSection B1. T2. F3. F4. A5. A6. C7. F8. T9. F 10. F11. T 12. T 13. C 14. B 15. CSection C1. B2. A3. B4. A5. B6. D7. A8. AUnit 15 LawSection AWord pretest1. C2. A3. B4. B5. C6. B7.C8.CReading Comprehension1.T2. T3. F4. T5. F6. F7. F8. T9. T 10. TVocabulary BuildingWord Search97espionage 2. anonymity 3. extortion 4. prosecutor 5. sue 6. accuse 7. indict 8. plead9. testimony 10. verdict 11. probation 12 reverseSemantic Variations1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. BStems98corruption: the act of being venal; dishonesty99pendulum: a body suspended from a fixed support so that it swings freely back and forth under the influence of gravity, commonly used to regulate various devices, especially clocks100erupt: to become violently active101bankruptcy: the state of being unable to pay one’s debts102dependable: reliable, trustworthy103interrupt: to break the continuity or uniformity of104independence: the state or quality of being independent105suspend: to cause to stop for a period: to interruptAntonyms1. frequently2. prohibition3. agreement4. disapprove5. fairnessClozeadmitted survey caught relatives vehicles admission threatened increase professional unskilledSection B1. D2. A3. C4. A5. B6. C7. B8. T9. T 10. T11. T 12. T 13. FSection C1. D2. C3. C4. B5. B6. D7. B8. DUnit 16 World War IISection AWord Pretest106A107A108A109B110B111C112C113AReading Comprehension 114C115C116C 117A 118A 119AVocabulary BuildingWord Search120raid121ordeal122wail123commuter124smash125neutral126devastate127armistice128disarm129grievance130puppet131appeasementSemantic Variations132B133A134B135A136C137BStems138spectator: an observer of an event139inspect: to examine carefully and critically, especially for flaws140inspire: to affect, guide, or arouse by divine influence141respectively: each separately in the order mentioned142suspicious: arousing or apt to arouse suspicon; questionable143expire: to come to an end; to terminate144prospect: something expected; a possiblity145perspective: a mental view or outlook146spectacle: something that can be seen or viewed, especially somethingof a remarkable or impressive nature147circumspect: looking round on all sides watchfully; prudentSynonyms148huge149ultimate150conquer151deadly152disturbanceClosebase undetected took bombed fleetheart sunk lost declared troopsSection B 153B 154A155B 156T 157T 158F 159T 160T 161T 162T 163B164C165C166F167T168FSection C169F170F171T172T173F174T175F176T177F178TUnit 17 HousingSection AWord Pretest1.B2. B3.B4.C5.C6.B7.B8.DReading Comprehension1. T2.F3.T4.F5.T6.T7.T8.TVocabulary BuildingWord Search1. sociologist2. spontaneously3. hassle4. sneak5. fee6. jack7. spacious8. cozy9. crawl 10. customarySemantic Variations1. C2. A3. A4. B5. B6. AStems1. sensible: reasonable2. structural: of, relating to, having, or characterized by structure3. sensitive: feeling readily, acutely, or painfully4. consent: to give assent, as to the proposal of another; to agree5. destructive: causing destruction; ruinous6. construction: the act or process of constructingAntonyms1. attached2. helpful3. fixed4. limited5. displeasureClozeplentiful fire inexpensively room spread disastrous difficult uncomfortable Section B1. C2. D3. B4. D5. F6. T7. T8. F9. C 10. B11. F 12. T 13. T 14. C 15. ASection C1. A2. B3. D4. B5. D6. C7. C8. A9. C 10. AUnit 18 DramaWord Pretest1. B2. B3. B4. A5. B6. A7. A8. BVocabulary BuildingWord Matchsparse thinly spread or distributedbequeath to leave something, especially property, to another by will precisely exactlyethics moral principlesproposition proposal, suggestiondisloyalty behavior of being not loyalfidget to move one’s body about restlesslywrangle to quarrel angrily and noisily, arguepresume to supposeturn down to refuseconversant familiarfurnish to put furniture, carpets, curtains, and other things into a roomdiscreditable shamefulsolicitor lawyerhire-purchase a way of buying goods gradually; installmnet planSemantic Variations1. C2. A3. C4. B5. A6. AStems1. chronometer a very exact clock for measuring time2. encyclopedia a book or set of books containing information on every branch of knowledge, or on one particular branch, subjects or on numerous aspects of a particular field, usually arranged alphabetically3. autograph a person’s own signature or handwriting4. chronic lasting for a long period of time or marked by frequent recurrence, as of certain diseases5. diagram a plan, sketch, drawing, or outline designed to explain how something works6. pedestrian a person who is walking esp. in an area where vehicles go7. calligraphy the art of fine handwritingl handwriting8. recycle to use againSynonyms1. show2. contradict3. exact4. refuse5. withdrawClozetypes difference focuses struggle decidesinvolves society human reformation Opposingprevail symbolizes。
《英语泛读教程2》教案
Extensive Reading (Book 2)Unit 1 The Shadowland of DreamsI. Teaching ObjectivesGo over the whole text in limited time and try to get the main idea of the passageGet some information about the author Master the Reading skillsII. Teaching Importance and Difficulties1. The usage of new words and phrases2. Using context clues to find out the meaning of words3. Understanding paragraphs-How to identify the Main Idea.4. Reading skills: Using the DictionaryIII. Teaching Methods: Discussing, Practicing, and Exercising.IV. Teaching Time: 4 periodsV. Teaching Content1. Lead-inWhat are your dreams?What will you do if you meet some troubles on the course of realizing your dream? 2. Related information1) author亚历克斯•哈利（1921-1992）Alexander Murray Palmer Haley (August 11, 1921-February 10, 1992) was an American writer. He is best known as the author of Roots. 非洲裔的美国作家。
高中英语人教版选修六 Unit2 泛读课文逐句翻译
选修六Unit 2 I'VE SA VED THE SUMMER我把夏天省下来(by Rod McKuen)罗德·麦丘恩（Rod McKuen）I've saved the summer 我把夏天省下，And I give it all to you全都交给你。
To hold on winter mornings当雪花儿初降时，When the snow is new.让冬天的早晨停住。
I've saved some sunlight我把阳光省下，If you should ever need以供你不时之需。
A place away from darkness 在那远离黑暗的地方，Where your mind can feed.你的心灵会得到滋养。
And for myself I've kept your smileWhen you were but nineteen,那年你才十九岁，我就珍藏了你的微笑。
Till you're older you'll not know等你长大成人以后，What brave young smiles can mean.才知道年轻勇敢的微笑的奥秘。
I know no answers 我不知道有什么办法，To help you on your way帮你踏上你人生的旅程。
The answers lie somewhere答案也许就在某处：At the bottom of the day.在白天结束的那个时辰。
But if you've a need for love但是如果你需要爱，I'll give you all l own我会献上我所有的爱。
It might help you down the road它也许能帮你踏上旅程，Till you've found your own.直到你也找到属于你的爱。
(完整版)《英语泛读教程2》教案
Extensive Reading (Book 2)Unit 1 The Shadowland of DreamsI. Teaching ObjectivesGo over the whole text in limited time and try to get the main idea of the passage Get some information about the author Master the Reading skillsII. Teaching Importance and Difficulties1. The usage of new words and phrases2. Using context clues to find out the meaning of words3. Understanding paragraphs-How to identify the Main Idea.4. Reading skills: Using the DictionaryIII. Teaching Methods: Discussing, Practicing, and Exercising.IV. Teaching Time: 4 periodsV. Teaching Content1. Lead-inWhat are your dreams?What will you do if you meet some troubles on the course of realizing your dream? 2. Related information1) author亚历克斯•哈利（1921-1992）Alexander Murray Palmer Haley (August 11, 1921-February 10, 1992) was an American writer. He is best known as the author of Roots. 非洲裔的美国作家。
英语泛读2第三版翻译期末复习
Unit1 The Shadowland of DreamsSander打磨机Ordeal严酷考验cherish :keep fondly in mind 充满感情地怀有longing :earnest desire渴望prospect :chances of future success 前途superintendent :manager（大楼的）管理人manual :operated by hand 手工操作的siren塞壬(原指希腊神话中半人半鸟的女海妖,她以美妙歌声吸引水手并使船只触礁沉没)汽笛；诱人的，用手段引人随从自己的意见sacrifice牺牲Gobble up急切的抓住；消耗a freelance writer自由撰稿人Coast Guard 美国海岸警卫队down-home: reminiscent故乡；田园生活的stay the course持续到底Unit2 Critical Thinkingdysfunctional功能障碍的wherewithal资金herculean力大无比的egocentricity自我中心goo粘性物brittle脆弱的abdomen腹部arouse启发；〈古〉照耀inspire sb on a subject 使某人明白某问题Ascend上升；追溯/Descend：下来来源于+from起源于+on袭击+to把身份降至Unit 3 Recyclingmonotonous (mono- 单+tone调+-ous的)单调的;令人厌倦的Insignificant无意义的aid：insignificant talk废话insignificant person小人物costume 服装Scrap废料Sewage污水enrage [常用于被动式] 使人愤怒aid：be enraged at by sb's conduct因某人的行为而极为愤怒be enraged with sb.对某人勃然大怒Unit7 numbers and omensenculturation文化浸润auspicious 吉祥的ominous不吉的exclaim 惊叫antiquity古老initiation ceremony成人仪式Unit 8 Getting Enough Sleep? Dream Ondeprive剥夺lapse [læps] n. 丧失, 失效eyelid [‘ailid] n. 眼睑, 眼皮pupil [‗pju:pəl] n. 瞳孔mortgage抵押coin [kɔin] v. 创造array [ə‘rei] n. 展示biochemical [baiəu‘kemikəl] 生物化学的timepiece [‘taimpi:s] n. 时钟arousal [ə‘rauzəl] n. 觉醒fatigue [fə‘ti:ɡ] n. 疲劳precise [pri‘sais] 精确的regulate [‘reɡjuleit] vt.控制wane [wein] 减少alarming [ə‘lɑ:miŋ] 扰乱人心的vivacious [vi‗veiʃəs] 活泼的play-off n. 最后决赛strobe light n. 闪光灯go to great lengths to do sth竭尽全力Be / become cross with (对…)生气doze [dəuz] 打瞌睡doze off 打瞌睡Unit 9 Invented Wordsab-, 表示“相反，变坏，离去”等abnormal 反常的abuse 滥用bi-表示“两个，两”biweekly双周刊bilingual双语种的biannual一年两次的by-表示“在旁边，副的”byproduct副产品byroad辅路byway小道bypass旁路；忽略bywork副业co-表示“共同”，通常放在元音词根前Cooperation合作Coexist共存Coincide一致，符合，巧合Coordinate协调Correlate 关联，使相关fore-表示“前面，预先”forefather前人，祖先Forearm前臂forecast预报，预测foreshadow 预示，暗示Unit10 Nuclear Energyutility 工具；机构contaminant污染物millennia数千年algorithm演算tsunami海啸Unit 1requite =reward 报酬prospect=chances of future success 前景station=working岗位on the side=as a secondary occupation 副业;背地里well up=rise like water涌上aid: well off=rich/well built(健身)+person/well done(烤熟)+meat veteran=experienced老练的wilted=less than fresh枯萎的limelight=full daylight聚光灯，注目的中心exhilarating=delighting and exciting令人兴奋的corrode=rust腐蚀aid: rusty surface(锈蚀表面)/ rusty skill(生涩的技艺)/corrupt（灵魂的腐蚀=腐败）/salt of earth(…的精华)/worth one’s salt(称职)Unit2ethics=the study of moral issues伦理学：道德规范assess=evaluate评估overlapping=covering in part相互重叠aid：overcast(多云)/to go over board on sth(对…极端)/overcome（克服）/to take an overdoes(服药过量)/overdue(过期)+change（期待已久的改变）conceive=conceptualize设想;怀孕aid: conceive a child（从无到有，怀上一个孩子）/contend with（应付某人）/concept(概念)transcend=go beyond超越aid：transfusion(输血)/transplant[嫁接]/transvestite[异装癖] undermine=weaken逐渐削弱sanction=approve处罚；支持；批准orchestrate=coordinate使协调结合；精心安排encompass=include包括；完成intensify=increase强化aid: languid=weary无精打采的disparate=separate不同的tacit心照不宣的gaunt憔悴的aid：plump丰满的/chubby脸圆/obese肥胖legal=lawful合法的alacrity敏捷do sth with alacritybrief=short简洁的blame=censure责备incessant=ceaseless无休止的Unit3divert=sidetrack使转向aid：divert+ traffic/plane/resource/attentionstack=pile堆积aid：stack of +sthimpact=influences影响insulate=protect隔离casual=chance偶然的aid: off chance=hard机会不大demolition=destruction毁坏fad=fashion时尚discard=throw away丢弃garbage=trash垃圾viability=practicability可行性consistently=regularly有规律的hold down=restrain抑制Unit7chew out=shout out训斥take shape=come to be formed形成be held at bay=be kept away远离ascribe=attribute to归因于wary of=cautious of小心翼翼的stray from=wander away from偏离meticulous=careful小心谨慎的incline to=attract by趋向look-upon=regard注视assign=deliver分派implies=explain说明；暗示obsessed with=preoccupied with迷恋；全神贯注于homophone=a word pronounced like another word but with a different meaning or spelling同音异义词sprinkled=scattered撒…于…Unit8consequence=result结果prone to=likely to suffer易于tap=press逼迫；压perspective=view远景synchronize=cause…to occur at the same time同时发生sufficiently=adequately足够地apathetic=indifferent无动于衷的mortality=death rate死亡率impair=weaken削弱optimally=best possibly最佳的aptly=rightly适当地aid: be apt to (倾向于做)Unit9imitative=reproducing closely模仿地aid: to do an imitation of sb(模仿某人) pasteurized=purified净化astronaut=one engaged in space flight宇航员antibiotic=antibacterial抗生素linguist=those study the science of language语言学家chortle=gleeful chuckle哈哈大笑knockdown=overwhelming击倒Unit10generate=produce产生unleash=set free解开束缚equilibrium=balance平衡scaled-up=enlarged比例增大meter=measure测量dogged=ruined衰落；顽固的aid：go to the dogs 衰落liability=indebtedness亏欠saturated=wet浸透的adherent=believer拥护者repository=depository储藏室reversal=wavering逆转。
高教版大学英语泛读教程4(第三版)电子教案Unit 2
A Do You Get It?
Multiple Matching
Scan each of the five paragraphs (a-e) again. Below are a series of newspaper headlines that refer to ideas or information contained in each paragraph. Match the headline to the paragraph.
Before You Start
• Do citizens have to carry identification in your country? If yes, why? If no, what will happen?
• Is identity theft or the misuse of personal data a concern? Have you ever experienced or heard any stories related to it? What are they?
__e___ 1. Victory for the people as government ends Big Brother laws __c___ 2. NIR data to include eye scans __a___ 3. Author’s vision of the future was accurate __d___ 4. Prime Minister says measures will prevent terror __d___ 5. Critics say ID cards just more paperwork __a___ 6. Figures show most cameras do not belong to government __e___ 7. Victory for database opponents __b___ 8. ID bill passed
泛读英语第四册unit2课文及翻译
The Population Surprise（出人意料的人口变化）Text 1The Population Surpriseby Max SingerWill the world's population keep increasing as commonly believed? What are the factors that account for its change? Please read the following article and make out its viewpoints.Fifty years from now the world's population will be declining, with no end in sight. Unless people's values change greatly, several centuries from now there could be fewer people living in the entire world than in the United States today. The big surprise of the past twenty years is that in not one country did fertility stop falling when it reached the replacement rate －2.1 children per woman. In Italy, for example, the rate has fallen to 1.2. In Western Europe as a whole and in Japan it is down to 1.5. The evidence now indicates that within fifty years or so world population will peak at about eight billion before starting a fairly rapid decline.Because in the past two centuries world population has increased from one billion to nearly six billion, many people still fear that it will keep “exploding” until there are too many people for the earth to support. But that is like fearing that your baby will grow to 1 000 pounds because its weight doubles three times in its first seven years. World population was growing by two percent a year in the 1960s; the rate is now down to one percent a year, and if the patterns of the past century don't change radically, it will head into negative numbers. This view is coming to be widely accepted among population experts, even as the public continues to focus on the threat of uncontrolled population growth.As long ago as September of 1974 Scientific American published a special issue on population that described what demographers1 had begun calling the “demographic transition” from traditional high rates of birth and death to the low ones of modernsociety. The experts believed that birth and death rates would be more or less equal in the future, as they had been in the past, keeping total population stable after a level of 10-12 billion people was reached during the transition.Developments over the past twenty years show that the experts were right in thinking that population won't keep going up forever. They were wrong in thinking that after it stops going up, it will stay level. The experts' assumption that population would stabilize because birth rates would stop falling once they matched the new low death rates has not been borne out by experience. Evidence from more than fifty countries demonstrates what should be unsurprising: in a modern society the death rate doesn't determine the birth rate. If in the long run birth rates worldwide do not conveniently match death rates, then population must either rise or fall, depending on whether birth or death rates are higher. Which can we expect?The rapid increase in population during the past two centuries has been the result of lower death rates, which have produced an increase in worldwide life expectancy2 from about thirty to about sixty-two. (Since the maximum －if we do not change fundamental human physiology －is about eighty-five, the world has already gone three fifths as far as it can in increasing life expectancy.) For a while the result was a young population with more mothers in each generation, and fewer deaths than births. But even during this population explosion the average number of children born to each woman －the fertility rate －has been falling in modernizing societies. The prediction that world population will soon begin to decline is based on almost universal human behavior. In the United States fertility has been falling for 200 years (except for the blip of the Baby Boom3), but partly because of immigration it has stayed only slightly below replacement level for twenty-five years.Obviously, if for many generations the birth rate averages fewer than 2.1 children per woman, population must eventually stop growing. Recently the United Nations Population Division estimated that 44 percent of the world's people live in countries where the fertility rate has already fallen below the replacement rate, and fertility is falling fast almost everywhere else. In Sweden and Italy fertility has been belowreplacement level for so long that the population has become old enough to have more deaths than births. Declines in fertility will eventually increase the average age in the world, and will cause a decline in world population forty to fifty years from now. Because in a modern society the death rate and the fertility rate are largely independent of each other, world population need not be stable. World population can be stable only if fertility rates around the world average out to 2.1 children per woman. But why should they average 2.1, rather than 2.4, or 1.8, or some other number? If there is nothing to keep each country exactly at 2.1, then there is nothing to ensure that the overall average will be exactly 2.1.The point is that the number of children born depends on families' choices about how many children they want to raise. And when a family is deciding whether to have another child, it is usually thinking about things other than the national or the world population. Who would know or care if world population were to drop from, say, 5.85 billion to 5.81 billion? Population change is too slow and remote for people to feel in their lives －even if the total population were to double or halve in only a century. Whether world population is increasing or decreasing doesn't necessarily affect the decisions that determine whether it will increase or decrease in the future. As the systems people would say, there is no feedback loop.What does affect fertility is modernity. In almost every country where people have moved from traditional ways of life to modern ones, they are choosing to have too few children to replace themselves. This is true in Western and in Eastern countries, in Catholic and in secular societies. And it is true in the richest parts of the richest countries. The only exceptions seem to be some small religious communities. We can't be sure what will happen in Muslim countries4, because few of them have become modern yet, but so far it looks as if their fertility rates will respond to modernity as others' have.Nobody can say whether world population will ever dwindle to very low numbers; that depends on what values people hold in the future. After the approaching peak, as long as people continue to prefer saving effort and money by having fewer children, populationwill continue to decline. (This does not imply that the decision to have fewer children is selfish; it may, for example, be motivated by a desire to do more for each child.) Some people may have values significantly different from those of the rest of the world, and therefore different fertility rates. If such people live in a particular country or population group, their values can produce marked changes in the size of that country or group, even as world population changes only slowly. For example, the U.S. population, because of immigration and a fertility rate that is only slightly below replacement level, is likely to grow from 4.5 percent of the world today to 10 percent of a smaller world over the next two or three centuries. Much bigger changes in share are possible for smaller groups if they can maintain their difference from the average for a long period of time. (To illustrate: Korea's population could grow from one percent of the world to 10 percent in a single lifetime if it were to increase by two percent a year while the rest of the world population declined by one percent a year.)World population won't stop declining until human values change. But human values may well change －values, not biological imperatives, are the unfathomable variable in population predictions. It is quite possible that in a century or two or three, when just about the whole world is at least as modern as Western Europe is today, people will start to value children more highly than they do now in modern societies. If they do, and fertility rates start to climb, fertility is no more likely to stop climbing at an average rate of 2.1 children per woman than it was to stop falling at 2.1 on the way down.In only the past twenty years or so world fertility has dropped by 1.5 births per woman. Such a degree of change, were it to occur again, would be enough to turn a long-term increase in world population of one percent a year into a long-term decrease of one percent a year. Presumably fertility could someday increase just as quickly as it has declined in recent decades, although such a rapid change will be less likely once the world has completed the transition to modernity. If fertility rises only to 2.8, just 33 percent over the replacement rate, world population will eventually grow by one percent a year again －doubling in seventy years and multiplying by twenty in only three centuries.The decline in fertility that began in some countries, including the United States, in the past century is taking a long time to reduce world population because when it started, fertility was very much higher than replacement level. In addition, because a preference for fewer children is associated with modern societies, in which high living standards make time valuable and children financially unproductive and expensive to care for and educate, the trend toward lower fertility couldn't spread throughout the world until economic development had spread. But once the whole world has become modern, with fertility everywhere in the neighborhood of replacement level, new social values might spread worldwide in a few decades. Fashions in families might keep changing, so that world fertility bounced above and below replacement rate. If each bounce took only a few decades or generations, world population would stay within a reasonable narrow range －although probably with a long-term trend in one direction or the other.The values that influence decisions about having children seem, however, to change slowly and to be very widespread. If the average fertility rate were to take a long time to move from well below to well above replacement rate and back again, trends in world population could go a long way before they reversed themselves. The result would be big swings in world population －perhaps down to one or two billion and then up to 20 to 40 billion.Whether population swings are short and narrow or long and wide, the average level of world population after several cycles will probably have either an upward or a downward trend overall. Just as averaging across the globe need not result in exactly 2.1 children per woman, averaging across the centuries need not result in zero growth rather than a slowly increasing or slowly decreasing world population. But the long-term trend is less important than the effects of the peaks and troughs5 . The troughs could be so low that human beings become fewer than they were in ancient times. The peaks might cause harm from some kinds of shortages.One implication is that not even very large losses from disease or war can affect the world population in the long run nearly as much as changes in human values do. What we have learned from the dramatic changes of the past few centuries is that regardless ofthe size of the world population at any time, people's personal decisions about how many children they want can make the world population go anywhere －to zero or to 100 billion or more.(1916words)课文一出人意料的人口变化马克斯·辛格世界人口会象人们通常认为的那样持续增长吗？造成人口变化的因素是什么？请阅读下面的文章，并弄清其观点。
[宝典]大学英语泛读第二版第三册unit2课文翻译
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大学英语泛读第二版第三册Unit2课文翻译UNIT 2 英国人的谨慎和礼貌在许多人看来，英国人极为礼貌，同他们交朋友很难。
但愿下列文字能够帮助你更好地了解英国人的性格特点。
对于其他欧洲人来说，英国人最著名的特点是“谨慎”。
一个谨慎的人不太会和陌生人聊天，不会流露出太多的情感，并且很少会兴奋。
要了解一个谨慎的人并非易事；他从不告诉你有关他自己的任何事，也许你和他工作了几年，却连他住在哪儿，有几个孩子，兴趣是什么，都不知道。
英国人就有类似的倾向。
如果乘公共汽车去旅行，他们会尽量找一个没人坐的位子；如果是乘火车，他们会找一个没人的单间。
如果他们不得不与陌生人共用一个单间时，那么即使火车驶出了很多英里，他们也不会开口交谈。
一旦谈起来的话，他们不会轻易问及像“你几岁？”或者甚至“你叫什么名字？”等私人问题。
像“你的手表是在哪儿买的？”或者“你的收入是多少？”这样的问题几乎不可想象。
同样，在英国，人们交谈时一般声音都很轻、很有节制，大声谈话会被视为没有教养。
在某种程度上，不愿意与他人交流是一种不幸的品质，因为它可能会给人造成态度冷淡的印象。
而事实上，英国人（也许除了北方人）并不以慷慨和好客而著称。
而另一方面，虽然谨慎使他们不易与人沟通,但他们内心还是很有人情味的。
如果一个陌生人或外国人友善地将这种隔阂打破那么一会儿，他们可能会满心欢喜。
与英国人的谨慎紧密相连的品质是英国式的谦逊。
在内心深处，英国人可能比任何人都高傲，但是当他们与别人相处时，他们十分看重谦逊的品质，至少要表现出谦虚的样子。
自我标榜会被认为没有教养。
让我们假设，有一个人非常擅长打网球，但如果有人问他是否是个优秀选手时，他很少会说“是”，不然，人们会认为他很高傲。
他可能会作出类似这样的回答，“不算太差，”或者“嗯，我非常喜欢网球。
”这样的自我贬低是典型的英国式的。
而且当这一品质与他们的谨慎混合在一起时，常常形成一种漠然的气氛，这在外国人看来难于理解，甚至令人恼火。
unit2 英语泛读教程第三册
Unit 2 English Reserve and Politeness2.Mastery of some language points3..Have a general idea of the character of the British people, the Americanpeople and the Chinese people4.Knowing the difference among the British culture, the American cultureand the Chinese culture5.Mastery of the reading skill: Understanding Headline Vocabulary2. Mastery of some language points3. The different character of the British people, the American people and theChinese peopleChinese people2.Cultural differencesAbout two periods of class will be used for the analysis and discussion of the passage itself.Total class hours: three periods1. Title:●reserve —self-restraint in expression; reticence 保守；慎言,在表达上的自我约束；沉默寡言●polite —(1) marked by or showing consideration for others, tact, and observance ofaccepted social usage 有礼貌的,以为他人着想、圆滑和遵守被接受的社会规范为特征的或表现出这些特点的(2) refined; elegant 教养的；文雅的----The title means the British reticence and politeness2.Related InformationGeneral Knowledge on Great Britain#LanguageThe UK is where the English language developed. There are more people usingEnglish as their first language in the UK than in any other country except the US (the countries with the most English speakers are the US: 230 million, the UK: 60 million, Canada: 20 million, Australia: 15 million, Ireland/New Zealand/South Africa: 3 million). British English is easily understood in many parts of the world. Many people like British accents, although it can take some time for a foreigner to get used to some of the regional varieties. For details, see: English.#HeritageBritain has an interesting history and is good at preserving its traditions and old buildings and gardens. There are many museums and art galleries.#CultureNote that there are good and bad sides to each characteristic, and there are many exceptions to these stereotypes.Diversity: There is a wide mix of cultures in the UK. In London there are foreign communities from most parts of the world.Tolerance: British people are usually tolerant to foreigners, and respect the freedom to have different opinions and beliefs.Freedom: People usually feel free to express their own opinions and wear what they want. Don't expect people to agree with you all of the time.Humour: British people have a strong sense of humour, but it can be hard for foreigners to understand when someone is joking.Cautiousness:People often avoid talking to strangers until they have been introduced, partly to avoid any possible embarrassment.Creativity:Individual ideas are encouraged. Arts and music are creative. British people are often not so good at working as a group.Modesty:People are quite modest. They do not like to complain directly: life is peaceful, but when there is poor service it is not challenged and changed.3.Structure of the TextPart I (Para. 1-2) —―Reserve‖ is one of the best-known qualities of the British people.Part II (Para. 3 ) — The British tend to be modest.Part III (Para. 4) — Humor is highly prized in Britain.Para. IV (Para. 5) — Sportsmanship is an English ideal.Part V (Para. 6 to the end) — Politeness is another feature in Britainnguage Points1. compartment — one of the parts or spaces into which an area is subdivided. 火车中的小房间; 舱，室；(分隔)间，箱，格，层2. restrained — not emotional拘谨的3. ill-bred — adj. badly-behaved, not very well educated没有教养的, 没有礼貌的, 粗野的4. generosity —liberality in giving or willingness to give 大方，慷慨(给予的)5. hospitality —cordial and generous reception of or disposition toward guests 好客6. barrier — something immaterial that obstructs or impedes 非物质的妨碍或阻碍物Intolerance is a barrier to understanding. 偏狭是理解的一大障碍7. indifference —the state or quality of being indifferent 冷淡的态度或性质8. irritating — irritable惹人生气的; 使人不愉快的9. embarrassment — the act or an instance of embarrassing 困窘的事(动作或事件); the state of being embarrassed 处于困窘的状态10. malicious —adj. having the nature of or resulting from malice; deliberately harmful; spiteful 恶意的,具有恶毒的本性的或由恶意而产生的；蓄意要伤害别人的；怨恨的：malicious gossip 用意歹毒的流言蜚语11. cripple — one that is partially disabled or unable to use a limb or limbs 伤残人，伤残动物，跛子肢体部分伤残者或无法使用四肢者：cannot race a horse that is a cripple.不能用一匹跛足的马进行赛马12. sportsmanship — conduct and attitude considered as befitting participants in sports, especially fair play, courtesy, striving spirit, and grace in losing.运动员精神(适合参与运动的行为或态度，特别是公平竞争、礼貌谦逊、奋斗精神、胜不骄败不馁运动家精神)13. live up to — put into practice实践, 做到, 真正做到，生活得无愧于We will live up to what our parents expect of us.我们决不辜负父母亲对我们的期望。
英语泛读教程3第三版unit2读后感
英语泛读教程3第三版unit2读后感English: After reading Unit 2 of English Reading Course 3, I was struck by the diversity of topics covered in the texts. From a discussion on the importance of time management to a reflection on the value of travel, each article offered valuable insights into different aspects of life. I particularly enjoyed the article on goal setting, as it emphasized the significance of setting clear and achievable goals to drive personal growth and success. Furthermore, the story about the Grand Canyon not only showcased the beauty of nature but also highlighted the importance of preserving and protecting our environment for future generations. Overall, this unit challenged me to think critically about the world around me and inspired me to consider how I can contribute positively to society.Translated content: 在阅读英语泛读教程3第二单元后，我被文本涵盖的主题多样性所震撼。
英语泛读教程4unit_2_Three_Days_to_See课文和译文
Three Days to Seeby Helen KellerHelen Keller, blind and deaf from infancy, became a successful lecturer, author and educator with the help of her teacher. In the following essay, she discussed how people should value their ability to see.All of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero had only a limited and specified time to live. Sometimes it was as long as a year; sometimes as short as twenty-four hours. But always we were interested in discovering just how the doomed man chose to spend his last days or his last hours. I speak, of course, of free men who have a choice, not condemned criminals whose sphere of activities is strictly delimited.Such stories set us thinking, wondering what we should do under similar circumstances. What events, what experiences, what associations should we crowd into those last hours as mortal beings? What happiness should we find in reviewing the past, what regrets? Sometimes I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the values of life. We should live each day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come. There are those, of course, who would adopt the Epicurean motto of "Eat, drink, and be merry;" but most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death.In stories, the doomed hero is usually saved at the last minute by some stroke of fortune, but almost always his sense of values is changed. He becomes more appreciative of the meaningof life and its permanent spiritual values. It has often been noted that those who live, or have lived, in the shadow of death bring a mellow sweetness to everything they do.Most of us, however, take life for granted. We know that one day we must die, but usually we picture that day as far in the future. When we are in buoyant health, death is all but unimaginable. We seldom think of it. The days stretch out in an endless vista. So we go about our petty tasks, hardly aware of our listless attitude toward life.The same lethargy, I am afraid, characterizes the use of all our faculties and senses. Only the deaf appreciate hearing, only the blind realize the manifold blessings that lie in sight. Particularly does this observation apply to those who have lost sight and hearing in adult life. But those who have never suffered impairment of sight or hearing seldom make the fullest use of these blessed faculties. Their eyes and ears take in all sights and sounds hazily, without concentration, and with little appreciation. It is the same old story of not being grateful for what we have until we lose it, of not being conscious of health until we are ill.I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life. Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound.Now and then I have tested my seeing friends to discover what they see. Recently I was visited by a very good friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods, and I asked her what she had observed. "Nothing in particular," she replied. I might have been incredulous had I not been accustomed to such responses, for long ago I became convinced that the seeing see little.How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere touch.I feel the delicate symmetry of a leaf. I pass my hands lovingly about the smooth skin of a silver birch, or the rough shaggy bark of a pine. In spring I touch the branches of trees hopefully in search of a bud, the first sign of awakening Nature after her winter's sleep. I feel the delightful, velvety texture of a flower, and discover its remarkable convolutions; and something of the miracle of Nature is revealed to me. Occasionally, if I am very fortunate, I place my hand gently on a small tree and feel the happy quiver of a bird in full song. I am delighted to have the cool water of a brook rush through my open fingers. To me a lush carpet of pine needles or spongy grass is more welcome than the most luxurious Persian rug. To me the pageant of seasons is a thrilling and unending drama, the action of which streams through my finger tips.At times my heart cries out with longing to see all these things. If I can get so much pleasure from mere touch, how much more beauty must be revealed by sight. Yet, those who have eyes apparently see little. The panorama of colour and action which fills the world is taken for granted. It is human, perhaps, to appreciate little that which we have and to long for that which we have not, but it is a great pity that in the world of light the gift of sight is used only as a mere convenience rather than as a means of adding fullness to life.If I were the president of a university I should establish a compulsory course in "How to Use Your Eyes". The professor would try to show his pupils how they could add joy to their lives by really seeing what passes unnoticed before them. He would try to awake their dormant and sluggish faculties.Suppose you set your mind to work on the problem of how you would use your own eyes if you had only three more days to see. If with the oncoming darkness of the third night you knew that the sun would never rise for you again, how would you spend those three precious intervening days? What would you most want to let your gaze rest upon?I, naturally, should want most to see the things which have become dear to me through my years of darkness. You, too, would want to let your eyes rest long on the things that have become dear to you so that you could take the memory of them with you into the night that loomed before you.I should want to see the people whose kindness and gentleness and companionship have made my life worth living. First I should like to gaze long upon the face of my dear teacher, Mrs. Anne Sullivan Macy, who came to me when I was a child and opened the outer world to me. I should want not merely to see the outline of her face, so that I could cherish it in my memory, but to study that face and find in it the living evidence of the sympathetic tenderness and patience with which she accomplished the difficult tasks of my education. I should like to see in her eyes that strength of character which has enabled her to stand firm in the face of difficulties, and that compassion for all humanity which she has revealed to me so often.I do not know what it is to see into the heart of a friend through that "window of the soul", the eye. I can only "see" through my finger tips the outline of a face. I can detect laughter, sorrow, and many other obvious emotions. I know my friends from the feel of their faces. But I cannot really picture their personalities by touch. I know their personalities, of course,through other means, through the thoughts they express to me, through whatever of their actions are revealed to me. But I am denied that deeper understanding of them which I am sure would come through sight of them through watching their reactions to various expressed thoughts and circumstances, through noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and countenance.Friends who are near to me I know well, because through the months and years they reveal themselves to me in all their phases; but of causal friends I have only an incomplete impression, an impression gained from a handclasp, from spoken words which I take from their lips with my finger tips, or which they tap into the palm of my hand.How much easier, how much more satisfying it is for you who can see to grasp quickly the essential qualities of another person by watching the subtleties of expression, the quiver of a muscle, the flutter of a hand. But does it ever occur to you to use your sight to see into the inner nature of a friend or acquaintance? Do not most of you seeing people grasp casually the outward features of a face and let it go at that?For instance, can you describe accurately the faces of five good friends? Some of you can, but many cannot. As an experiment, I have questioned husbands of long standing about the color of their wives' eyes, and often they express embarrassed confusion and admit that they do not know. And, incidentally, it is a chronic complaint of wives that their husbands do not notice new dresses, new hats, and changes in household arrangements.The eyes of seeing persons soon become accustomed to the routine of their surroundings, and they actually see only the startling and spectacular. But even in viewing the most spectacular sights the eyes are lazy. Court records reveal every day how inaccurately"eyewitnesses" see. A given event will be "seen" in several different ways by as many witnesses. Some see more than others, but few see everything that is within the range of their vision.Oh, the things that I should see if I had the power of sight for just three days!<1634 words> 译文假如我有三天光明海伦·凯勒海伦·凯勒自幼就又盲又聋,在老师的帮助下成为一名成功的讲师、作家及教育家。
B2 unit 2英语泛读
within the confines of in touch with reality basic structures integrated into
a whole make faulty inferences intensifying complexity
Summary & Assignments
Part 5: Standards of critical thinking
1. clarity 2. accuracy 3. precision 4. relevance
5. depth 6. breadth 7. logic 8. fairness
Part 5: Standards of critical thinking
Unit Two Critical Thinking
Outline
➢ Revision ➢ New lessons
1. Critical Thinking 2. Exercises ➢ Summary & assignments
Richard Paul
• As Director of Research and Professional Development at the Center for Critical Thinking and Chair of the National Council for Excellence in Critical Thinking, Dr. Paul is an internationally recognized authority on critical thinking, with 8 books and over 200 articles on the subject.
大学英语泛读lesson 2-the winter's snow
❖5) Although being early may mean wasting a little time, this will be less than if you miss the train and have to wait an hour or more for the next one. 6) I had been told that the hotel was not beautiful but you were better fed there than in any other place in London; — and that was what I wanted then.
Clue Words
be
mean
be called
that is
be known as
refer to
be said to
Punctuations
comma,
dash —
Context Clues (2)
Reading Skill Focus
Restatement/Synonym Clues
In sentences there are usually phrases or clauses that repeat the idea of the unknown word. In other words, the phrase says the same thing as the unknown word. The unknown word may follow these clues:
❖Para.5: Thomas decided to do something to improve his appearance.
英语泛读教程_4-Unit_2_Exploration
That’s one small step for man and a giant leap for mankind.
Neil Armstrong
No. 3
Clue 1: He is an expert in astrophysics (天体物理学), theoretical physics (理论物理学) and mathematics.
major explorations after the Age of Discovery for scientific
exploration in the modern era. Ⅲ.Famous explorers 1. 艾德蒙·希拉里（1919年－2008年）第一位登上喜马拉雅山
的珠穆朗玛峰 2. 尤里·加加林（1934年－1968年）第一名进入太空的人 3. 尼尔·阿姆斯特朗（1930年－）第一名踏上月球的人 4. 植村直己（1941年－1984年）曾独自一人到达南极极点 5. 托尔·海尔达尔（1914年－2002年）以木筏康提基号，从秘
The Extra-terrestrial
A Letter to Beagle
Beagle
Beagle？ Mars express? ESA?
小猎犬2號是英国一个未能完成任务的着陆航天器，是欧洲空间局2003年火星快車 號任务的一部分。现在仍无法确定登陆器是否已到达了火星表面；它从火星特快车 上释放出来后的第六天，正准备按计划进入大气层时，失去了它所有的联系。也许 它根本就没上去火星，而是被弹出了大气层，进入环日轨道；或是在降落过程中被 大气燃烧殆尽。亦或是达到了火星表面，却撞到了超硬的物体，更或是由于某个错 误而无法与地球联系。小猎犬2的名字来自曾两次跟随对达尔文远征的小猎犬号帆船 ，这两次远征促使达尔文形成了进化论。这个登陆器也被认为是“猎犬号”，并在 后面加上探测器的数字。
新视野大学英语(第二版)泛读教程2_Unit2_课文翻译
Unit 2PASSAGE AIs Education Still an Important Part of Youth Athletics? Education is an important part of youth athletics in the US. Young kids, cooped up in class, long for the relative freedom of the football field, the basketball court, the baseball diamond. They long to kick and throw things, and the fields of organized play offer a place in which to act out these impulses. Kids are basically encouraged, after all, to beat each other up on the football field. Yet for all the chaos, adult guidance and supervision are never far off, and time spent on the athletic fields is meant to be productive. Coaches seek to give lessons in teamwork, self-sacrifice, competition, winning, and losing. Teachers at least want their pupils worn out so that they’ll sit still in reading class.教育是美国青少年体育的一个重要部分。
被局限于教室内的孩子们，是很向往自由空间的，像足球场，篮球场，和棒球场。
英语泛读教程3---UNIT2（刘乃银）
ExercisesA. Determining the main idea. Choose the best answer. Do not refer to the text.The main idea of the text is that ______ . ( B )(a) the British people are so particular with politeness that it is almost impossible to make friends with such a nation(b) good manner rules the daily life of the British people and thatexplains such qualities as reserve, modesty, sense of humor and politeness －typical qualities of the British people(c) the British people give us impression of coldness, but deep in their hearts, they are friendly to every one(d) the British people have many good qualities though sometimes it is difficult to understand themB. Comprehending the text.Choose the best answer.1. If English people are making a journey by train, they will try ______. ( D )(a) to share a compartment with a stranger(b) to keep a compartment with a stranger(c) to ask personal questions in order to get to know each other(d) to sit alone as they are unwilling to talk with strangers2. According to the text, if a friendly stranger does start a conversation, ______. ( D )(a) the English people may make an unwilling reply(b) he will be considered ill-bred(c) the English people may respond coldly(d) his friendliness may please the English people3. The self-disapproval and modesty of the English people ______. ( B )(a) is understandable to most foreigners(b) often results in misunderstanding(c) shows that t hey don’t really care about anything(d) is considered bad behavior4. The ideal of English sense of humor is ______. ( C )(a) to laugh at other's failures(b) to show sympathy to a tragedy(c) to laugh at oneself(d) a disrespectful attitude towards life5. We may well guess from the text that English people ______. ( D )(a) do not always obey rules of sport(b) are good at playing tennis(c) are bad-tempered when defeated(d) show respect for other people’s feelings6. The starting point of politeness in Britain is________. ( C )(a) a positive attitude to life(b) to show hospitality to others(c) to show consideration for each other(d) to please other people7. “Would you mind if I open the window?” A polite answer to the question is ______ ( C )(a) “No, please.”(b) “Yes.”(c) “Of course not.”(d) “Please do.”8. Politeness towards women and old people is based on ______. ( A )(a) the feeling that they are in need of protection(b) the fact that they are physically weak(c) their actual need(d) the feeling that they are more experiencedC. Understanding vocabulary.Choose the correct definition according to the context.1. Similarly, conversation in Britain is in general quiet and restrained and loud speech is considered ill-bred. ( B )(a) quick-tempered(b) badly-behaved(c) thoughtless(d) healthy2. On the other hand, they are perfectly human behind their barrier of reserve, and may be quite pleased when a friendly stranger or foreigner succeeds for a time in breaking the barrier down. ( A )(a) destroying(b) interrupting(c) separating(d) protecting3. Within their hearts, the English are perhaps no less conceited than anybody else, but in their relations with others they value at least a show of modesty. ( D )(a) modest(b) cool(c) excited(d) self-important4. This attitude is never cruel or disrespectful or malicious. ( D )(a) deceptive(b) keen(c) critical(d) hateful5. Women especially, for reasons of sexual attraction, long to “stay young” and there is no greater compliment to a mature woman than to be told “How young you look!” ( A )(a) praise(b) prudence(c) concern(d) help6. Rules are the essence of sport, and sportsmanship is the ability to practise a sport in obedience to its rules, whil e also showing generosity to one’s opponent and good temper in defeat. ( C )(a) friend(b) enemy(c) rival(d) master7. When the request is granted, and at any time when you are receiving something, however obviously you are entitled to it, you are always expected to say “Thank you”. ( A )(a) have the right to(b) are worthy of(c) are respected for(d) are opposed to8. It is still considered polite to give up one’s seat to a woman who is standing, to open doors for her, help her alight from the bus. ( A )(a) get off(b) get on(c) keep away(d) sit away9. Old age and seniority alone do not command authority. ( C )(a) being expert(b) high rank(c) higher standing through long service(d) modestyD. Discussing the following topics.1. According to the British standard, what sort of behaviors are considered rude?答案Troubling someone without saying "Excuse me" or disturbingsomeone without expressing regret. Also, when you receivesomething or when others have done you a favor, it is impolitenot to express your appreciation. Direct requests or actions thatinvolve inconvenience are not proper. (More examples of this sortof behavior are expected to be found by yourself.)2. What is your general impression of politeness in Britain?答案Politeness in Britain is based on the elementary rule of showing consideration for others, and acknowledging theconsideration they show to you. This is a reasonable social rule.Western civilization is famous for its politeness towards women,the idea of which originates from the inequality between men andwomen. This politeness is less observed today as women have becomeequal with men in many aspects. Old people are respected inBritain because they are felt to be in need of protection andsupport, the idea of which is different from that of the Chinesepeople who respect the aged not merely because they needprotection but also because they are worthy of the respect.PracticeA. Read each headline in the left column and decide what kind of a story it introduces. Match the headline with the most suitable story category in the right column.g )Job-hunting made worse a. A Decisione )Old feud flares anew b. A Treaty Signingc )Gov't. to launch probe intoc. An Investigationdisasterb )UK, Iceland to ink fishingd. A Criticismpact?d )Parents rap schoole. A Disputeadministrationf )Faulty power line triggersfactory blazef. A Firea ) Rate of wage rises slows g. An Disappointmentg ) Blow for old folkB. Give the full name or form of the following.Aussie( Australia )lib( liberation )pix( pictures )tech( technology )vet( veteran )rep( representative )biz( business ) grad( graduate )sec( secretary )nat'l( national )com'l( commercial )c'tee( committee )UNESCO( United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization) OPEC( Organization of Pretroleum Exporting Countries )WTO( World Trade Organization )ASEAN( Association of Southeast Asian Nations )IOC( International Olympic Committee )WHO( World Health Organization )VIP( very important person )DJI( Dow-Jones Index )P assage OneThree passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy － ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness － that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and thought it might seem too good for human life, this is what － at last － I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine...A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer. This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.(302 words)1.The passage, taken from Bertrand Russell’s (1872-1970) autobiography, is mainly about Russell’s ______ .( D )(a) longing for love(b) search for knowledge(c) unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind(d) three passions that governed his life2. In the first paragraph, Russell says that ________ .( B )(a) he longs for love and never despairs(b) he has pity for the suffering of mankind and often feels anguish(c) he has traveled over a great ocean for the three passions(d) the result of his search is despair3. In the second paragraph, Russell thinks that he has found in his search for love all the following EXCEPT ________. ( B )(a) great joy(b) loneliness(c) the vision of the heaven(d) relief from solitariness4. Regarding knowledge, Russell thinks that ________ . ( D )(a) he knows why the stars shine(b) he understands the hearts of men(c) he has a good knowledge of things(d) he has succeeded a bit but not much5. Whenever Russell thinks of the sufferings of mankind, he __________. ( C )(a) is mocked by human life(b) becomes lonely(c) suffers too(d) feels he goes upward toward theheavens TOPP assage TwoIt is almost a definition of a gentleman to say he is one who never inflicts pain. This description is both refined, and as far as it goes, accurate. He is mainly occupied in merely removing the obstacles which hinder the free and unembarrassed action of those about him, and he concurs with their movements rather than takes the initiative himself. The true gentleman carefully avoids whatever may cause a jar or a jolt in the minds of those with whom he is cast － all clashing of opinion, or collision of feeling, all restraint, or suspicion, or gloom, or resentment; his great concern being to make everyone at their ease and at home. He has his eyes on all his company, he is seldom prominent in conversation, and never wearisome. He makes light of favors while he does them, and seems to be receiving when he is conferring. He never speaks of himself except when compelled, never defends himself by a mere retort, he has no ears for slander or gossip, is scrupulous in imputing motives to those who interfere with him, and interprets everything for the best. He is never mean or little in his disputes, never takes unfair advantage, never mistakes personalities or sharp sayings for arguments, or insinuates evil which he dare not say out.He has too much good sense to be affronted at insults, he is too well employed to remember injuries, and too indolent to bear malice. He is patient, forbearing, and resigned, on philosophical principles; he submits to pain because it is inevitable, to bereavement because it is his destiny. He may be right or wrong in his opinion, but he is too clear-headed to be unjust; he is as simple as he is forcible, and as brief as he is decisive. Nowhere shall we find greater candor, consideration, indulgence; he throws himself into the minds of his opponents, he accounts for their mistakes. He knows the weakness of human reason as well as its strength, its province and its limits.(336 words)6. According to the writer of the passage, a gentleman _______. ( B )(a) feels it his responsibility to show what people should do(b) avoids clashes of opinions or feelings(c) studies carefully the obstacles in the way of free and unembarrassed people(d) always thinks of those about him7. The author thinks that when a gentleman talks with others, ______ . ( D )(a) he shows his skill at conversation(b) he likes to help others with his favors(c) he prefers receiving favors rather than offering them(d) he seldom speaks of himself8. A gentleman, as defined in the passage, ______ . ( B )(a) never takes advantage while disputing with others(b) never makes personal attacks(c) is interested in slander and gossip(d) interprets people’s action as they really are9. Faced with insults, injuries and malice, a gentleman will _______ . ( D )(a) feel angry(b) learn them by heart(c) keep him busy to forget them(d) pay little attention to them10. A good title for the passage is : ______ . ( B )(a) Is There Such a Gentleman?(b) The Definition of a Gentleman(c) What a Gentleman Will Do.(d) An IdealizedGentleman. TOPP assage ThreeMy favorite English teacher could draw humor out of the driest material. It wasn't imposed either. He took Samuel Johnson's dictionary, Addison's essays, and many other literary wonders from the eighteenth century and made them hilarious, even at eight o'clock in the morning. The thing that amazed me most was that the first time I read these works on my own some of them seemed dead, but the second time, after his explanation, I couldn't believe that I hadn't seen the humor. The stories and poems and plays were suddenly filled with irony and allusions and hilarious moments. I learned more from him than from any other teacher.My least favorite English teacher also made people laugh. Some students found him to be wonderfully funny. Many others did not. He assigned journals over a six week period, to be written in every day. At the end of the six weeks I had a notebook full of jotted ideas, short story fragments, reactions to what we had read, and so on. Our teacher announced that we would be grading each other's journals. Mine was passed to Joe, the class clown, who saw it fit to quip at the end of it, “This writing isn't fit to line the bottom of a birdcage.” Our teacher laughed at that. Funny stuff. It hurt me so much that the anger from it has driven my writing and teaching ever since.So what makes the difference? Humor is one of the most powerful tools teachers (or writers) have at their disposal. It can build up studentsand classes and make them excited about literature and writing, or it can rip them apart.(276 words)11. The above passage discusses _______________ . ( C )(a) teaching(b) literature(c) humor(d) knowledge12. The word “hilarious” means ______ .( D )(a) brilliant(b) weary(c) exciting(d) funny13. With his favorite English teacher, the writer found it most amazing that __________ . ( D )(a) his teacher was very learned(b) his teacher was very humourous(c) the works by Johnson and Addison were very humourous(d) he had not been able to find humor in works by Johnson and others14. The English teacher the writer disliked most ________. ( B )(a) was not able to make people laugh(b) hurt his students’ feelings by laughing(c) didn’t let his students do the grading(d) had no sense of humor15. According to the writer, humor ________. ( D )(a) helps teachers in their work(b) helps students in their studies(c) is something hard to define(d) can be either productive or counterproductiveText 2ExercisesDoes Anybody Really Care?Edgar DaleThis cry of despair is more common than we may realize. Some of us speak these words rarely; others say them every day － silently or aloud. To hear the cry for help requires extra-sensitive perception. We can hear it only if we listen with the third ear, a trenchant phrase of Theodore Reik.For example, I often visited a Negro friend in a home for the elderly. The place was sterilized and the environment was sterile. My friend was old, dispirited, and he wanted to die. He often said, "I'm a lost ball in the tall weeds." He felt unfulfilled. He knew that if he had been white, he could have been a successful professional man. "I think about this every day of my life," he said. Who cared about this Negro workman who had helped erect many buildings in downtown Columbus? Hardly anyone.We have been remiss both in caring for and caring about the elderly. Perhaps they suggest too strongly our own morality, the guilt we may deservedly or undeservedly feel about our own aging parents. The Great Society needs a more creative approach to what are euphemistically called the golden years. The program of the First Community Village in Columbus, Ohio, and other similar centers may be a happy augury of things to come. Edna St. Vincent Millay once said, "O world, I cannot hold thee close enough!" To care for people is to wish to be close to them, in theirpresence, to penetrate the mask we all wear. It is interesting that our comments about communication with other people include such expressions as "We were very close," "I was deeply touched," "He was greatly affected." To care deeply for persons is to see them not as plumbers, scientists, clerks, lawyers, mathematicians, or as white, yellow, or black. It is to see them as unique individuals with all their idiosyncrasies, strengths, and weaknesses, their similarities and differences. Caring is color-blind, uncalculating.To care or not to care is a problem of communication. Sol, the instrument maker in Dombey and Son talked to his nephew about Mr. Dombey. The nephew said, "I thought he didn't seem to like me very much." "You mean, I suppose," Sol replied, "that you didn't seem to like him very much." When the mutuality of caring does not take place, we often put the burden of its absence on the other fellow. We may thus hide our true feelings.Indeed, the popularity of the mask as an art form in all cultures suggests that we have a public face and a private face. Interestingly enough, the word "personality" comes from persona, meaning "an actor's mask." We ask reporters who know public figures intimately, "What is he really like?" Many articles appear with the heading, "What is the real John Smith like?"Perhaps our wish to unmask others but to remain masked ourselves betrays a fear that our weaknesses will be discovered and disapproved. And conversely, the revelation of our hidden strengths may appear boastful. Sometimes, too, we do not want to disclose openly our unfriendly attitude because it is socially unacceptable. When we are rejected by someone, we tend to say, "I couldn't care less," meaning "I couldn't care more." Or we may not want to reveal even to ourselves that we care deeply about someone, for fear of rejection.The wounds of rejection go very deep. Shakespeare said, "He jests at scars that never felt a wound." But even those who have been deeply hurt do not automatically learn to care for others in the same predicament. For example, a North Carolina high school boy was doing badly in his classes, and felt that no one really cared. The director of audiovisual instruction asked the boy to help build a high school radio studio. He did this skillfully and joyously, and his whole attitude seemed to change. But one day he said to my friend, "You know, some day I want to be a teacher." When asked "Why?" he replied, "Because I want to make other kids suffer like I have suffered." His wounds were only partially healed. All caring has hazards and the outcomes are uncertain. To care for others and to let them care for us is a creative experiment in communication in which we may get hurt. But the price paid, the risk of being wounded,is the price of all communication. It is because we ourselves are hurt that we can understand the Oliver Wendell Holmes, "Aman must share the sorrows and joys of those around him under pain of not having lived."Some cannot exchange love because they are emotionally and psychologically barricaded against loving and being loved. Dostoevski has Father Zossima say, "Hell... is the suffering of being unable to love." This inability to care for others, to love and be loved, is a theme of many great books. Dombey, for example, could not communicate with his young daughter Florence. Of this, Charles Dickens writes:"There were some children staying in the house. Children who were as frank and happy with fathers and with mothers as those rosy faces opposite their home. Children who had no restraint upon their love, and freely showed it. Florence sought to learn their secret; sought to find out what it was she had missed; what simple art they knew, and she knew not; how she could be taught by them to show her father that she loved him, and to win his love again."Florence could give love but her father was unable to receive it from her.How do we learn to care for others and to welcome their caring for us? How can we develop children who have "no restraint upon their love and freely show it?" The translation of a desired value into reality is not simple. T.S. Eliot has pointed out thatBetween the ideaAnd the reality...Between the motionAnd the actFalls the Shadow.How can we discipline ourselves to make the dream a reality?As teachers and parents we can talk less and listen more. We need more sensitive antennas. We are not picking up the faint signals of discouragement, concealed anger or fear of failure. The voice of despair may be weak and need amplification. And we must get these messages early, before they explode into violence and we shall be compelled to listen to angry shouting.It is not hard to care for people who are very much like ourselves. This is a form of self-admiration, narcissism. But it requires rigorous self-discipline to be concerned with, to care about those who are different. It is difficult to care for someone thousands of miles away, or for those at hand who do not act or dress conventionally － theso-called hippies, for example. We must ask, "What are they trying to say?" Are they asking, "Does anyone really care?"Is it possible that we are rejecting the ideas of young people in the guise of rejecting their style of dress?Remember, too, that conventional dress changes, as every woman knows. If we don't admire a person who iswearing a beard, long hair, and sandals, we must ask whether we would prefer to see Christ pictured with his shoes shined, his hair cut short, and clean-shaven. I have a friend who has a beard and who puts up his long hair like a woman. I might add that he is an Indian, a Sikh.We also have difficulty understanding people whose food habits are different than ours. However, the man who thinks it strange to eat raw fish as they do in Japan is fond of oysters on the half-shell. Some who think that bird's nest soup is "for the birds" enjoy eating the gelatin that comes from boiling the skins and bones of animals. And those cheeses that we like so well are made from milk that has stood long enough to putrefy. We do not use this word, however, but prefer nicer terms such as ferment, cure, or ripen.Caring develops best on a plane of quality, of mutuality. We unconsciously assume that our way of life is superior; that of other people's, inferior. I once heard a distinguished network broadcaster end an interview with some able foreign students by suggesting that on their return to their own countries they "spread the American way of life." How would he feel if, after visiting England, he was asked to spread the British way of life in the United States?We have expected gratitude from foreign countries for our gifts and loans. Look what we have done for them! But strong bonds of mutuality are not built in this way. Instead, they require that we care enough about people to do things with them rather than for them. Giving as unequals, we can easily develop an attitude of patronizing, immodestself-congratulation. We like to help the underdog, forgetting that this places us in the role of the overdog, the person who has the power to grant or to withhold favors.Are children grateful for what their parents do for them? They should be, considering how often they have heard about it. But caring and loving must not be evaluated too soon. Caring takes time. Love is patient.Caring must be learned. Children in the same family may differ markedly in their willingness and ability to share friendship and affection. Bonnie, at the age of three, already has a charm and grace in human relationships that her older brother still lacks. A seven-year-old boy announces that he will not give money to the Junior Community Chest. "There's something peculiar about it," he says. So his nine-year-old brother gives for both of them.No one expects to master the skills of tennis, basketball, or the dance by a few easy lessons. Hundreds, yes thousands, of hours of grueling, skillfully coached practice are necessary. Is it any different in matters of delicate human relationships? Caring requires the same disciplined practice.Are children and young people in school mastering the art of caring? Are the current heavy emphases on formal subject matter, on competitionto get into college or graduate school resulting in more impersonal relationships between teacher and students? Are newer tools of technology which can be used with large groups actually decreasing the personal contact between teacher and student? They could be used to increase the interaction of student and teacher, to humanize the educational process － but are they?Christina says in Ignazio Silone's Bread and Wine that "In all times, in all societies, the supreme act is to give oneself to find oneself, to lose oneself to find oneself. One has only what one gives." But how often is this "supreme act" performed? How often do we give ourselves to find out who we are? Do we really care?(1 853 words)(From Can You Give the Public What It Wants?,New York, Cowles Educational Corporation, 1967 )Text Follow-up ExercisesA. Comprehending the text.Choose the best answer.1. The Negro mentioned in the passage was in the death of despair because of all the following EXCEPT that __________. ( B )(a) he was old and homeless, living in sterilized environment(b) he lost a ball in the tall weeds and couldn't find it(c) nobody cared about him although he had helped set up many buildings in Columbus(d) being a Negro, he could not become a successful professional man2. According to the author, to care deeply for other persons is ______ . ( A )(a) to see them as unique individuals(b) to be in their presence(c) to be greatly affected by them(d) to discover their masks and communicate with them3. Our wish to unmask others while remaining masked ourselves betraysa hope that _________ . ( B )(a) our weakness will be discovered and disapproved(b) our weakness will not be discovered and disapproved(c) our strong point will be accepted by the society(d) our weakness will be rejected by the society4. Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the passage? ( C )(a) Those who have been deeply hurt automatically learn to care for others in the same predicament.(b) When we do not care for another person, we are not apt to blame him for lack of feeling.(c) The risk of being wounded is the price of all communication.(d) Caring has no hazards; its outcomes are always certain.5. The author cites the example of Dombey and Son to show that ______. ( D )(a) children love parents and always win love from them, too(b) children are frank and happy with mothers but not with fathers(c) once one gets wounded, it's hard for him to cure the wounds(d) there are some who are unable to love or to be loved。
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Themes in country music
Love Cowboy Happiness-seeking The living style of countryside Regional pride Family God Nation
到底什么是乡村音乐？
著名乡村歌手肯尼· 罗杰斯（Kenny Rogers）对于这个问题的回答是："乡村音 乐就是乡下人买的一切音乐。“ 一句简单地回答完美的解释了全体乡村音乐 家的心声，即：什么是乡村音乐并不重要， 重要的是如何让乡村听众感受到不同的、既 新鲜又熟悉的乡村生活体验。
a slow sad style of music that came from the Southern US. rhythm and blues [uncountable] R & B (=a type of popular music) the blues: feelings or sadness e.g. A lot of women get the blues after the baby is born.
Main idea: The different types of music are closely related with the development of society.
Skim the text in 3 minutes and answer the following questions.
e.g. Was this money a bolt from the blue or did you know you were going to get it?
rock
[v.] [intransitive and transitive] to move gently backwards and forwards or from side to side, or to make something do this
Folk music
Music originating among the common people of a nation or region and spread about or passed down orally, often with considerable variation.
Structure
Part 1. (Para. 1-6): the cultural background of country and folk music Part 2. (Para. 7-9): the cultural background of Rock “n” Roll Part3. (Para. 10-14): the cultural background of Soul, disco and rap
Classification of country music
Early Country 早期乡村乐 Cowboy 牛仔音乐 Western Swing 西部摇摆 Blue Grass 兰草音乐 Rockabilly 乡土摇滚 The Nashville Sound 纳什维尔之声 Country-rock 乡村摇滚 Outlaw 叛道运动 New Traditional Country 新传统主义 New Country 新乡村音乐
e.g. The waves rocked the boat from side to side.
[u.n.] also rock music, a type of popular modern music with a strong loud beat, played using guitars and drums. rock band/group
1. The development of country and folk music
Hillbilly music (Appalachian people) Country music 1920s (music of working people) Folk songs in 1930s Folk music became popular again in 1950s Folk music continued to be the most political in 1960s
Classification of country music
Country blues Country rock
Country pop Taylor Swift
Taylor Swift
Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American country-pop singer-songwriter, and actress. In 2006, she released her debut首张 single “Tim McGraw”, then her self-titled debut album, which was subsequently certified Platinum 白金 several times by the Recording Industry Association of America. In November 2008, Swift released her second album, Fearless. Fearless and Taylor Swift finished 2008 at number three and number six respectively, with sales of 2.1 and 1.5 million. Fearless has topped the Billboard 200 in 11 non-consecutive weeks; no album has spent more time at No. 1 since 2000. Fearless earned the Grammy Award for Album of the Year in 2010.
Word pretest
CBCBCB
regular repeated pattern of sounds or movements
Stress and rhythm are important in speaking English. 说英语时，重音和节奏是很重要的。 The rhythm of her heart beating is normal. 她的心跳节律是正常的。 It is said that the rhythm of tides is affected by the moon. 据说潮汐的涨落受月亮的影响。
1. Who brought the folk music? 2. Are country music sad or happy? 3. What do folk songs mainly talk about? 4. Who is the king of rock and roll? Why did he become popular at that time? 5. What are the names of popular black music? 6. What’s the character of Punk?
Part4. (Para. 15-18): the cultural background of New and old
Part5. (Para. 19-22):music of today
Structure
Chronological order 时间次序 (music history) 1. country and folk music 2. rock’n’roll 3. soul, disco and rap 4. new and old 5. music of today
Do the reading comprehension exercise on page 23.
Survey the whole unit quickly to find out the topic and the main idea in each text.
The topic:
Music
out of the blue: informal if something happens out of the blue, it is very unexpected出乎意料地
a bolt from/out of the blue: news that is sudden and unexpected
genre:['ʒɒ̃rə] particular style or kind,
especially of works of art or literature grouped according to their form or subject matter
我最喜欢的音乐种类是蓝调。 My favorite music genre is blues. 这部电影是什么风格?喜剧还是悲剧? What genre does the movie fall into--comedy or tragedy?
it 2 Music
Pre-reading questions
1. Do you like listen to music? 2.What kind of music do you like?
Lead-in questions
3. When will you listen to music? What can music bring to you? 4. Young people today know a great deal about pop music and pop singer, but relatively they know less about classical music, Chinese or Western. How do you account for this?