员工激励外文文献

1. 原则之一：激励要因人而异

由于不同员工的需求不同，所以，相同的激励政策起到的激励效果也会不尽相同。即便是同一位员工，在不同的时间或环境下，也会有不同的需求。由于激

励取决于内因，是员工的主观感受，所以，激励要因人而异。

在制定和实施激励政策时，首先要调查清楚每个员工真正需要的是什么。将这

些需要整理、归类，然后来制定相应的激励政策帮助员工满足这些需求。

2. 原则之二：奖励适度

奖励和惩罚不适度都会影响激励效果，同时增加激励成本。奖励过重会使员工

产生骄傲和满足的情绪，失去进一步提高自己的欲望；奖励过轻会起不到激励

效果，或者使员工产生不被重视的感觉。惩罚过重会让员工感到不公，或者失

去对公司的认同，甚至产生怠工或破坏的情绪；惩罚过轻会让员工轻视错误的

严重性，从而可能还会犯同样的错误。

3. 原则之三：公平性

公平性是员工管理中一个很重要的原则，员工感到的任何不公的待遇都会影响

他的工作效率和工作情绪，并且影响激励效果。取得同等成绩的员工，一定要

获得同等层次的奖励；同理，犯同等错误的员工，也应受到同等层次的处罚。

如果做不到这一点，管理者宁可不奖励或者不处罚。

管理者在处理员工问题时，一定要有一种公平的心态，不应有任何的偏见和喜好。虽然某些员工可能让你喜欢，有些你不太喜欢，但在工作中，一定要一视

同仁，不能有任何不公的言语和行为。

1. 激励员工从结果均等转移到机会均等，并努力创造公平竞争环境。

举例来说，吴士宏在IBM从一个打扫卫生的人做起，一步一步到销售业务员，

到地区负责人，到中国区总经理，是什么原因呢？除了个人努力，还应该说

IBM良好的企业文化给了一个发展的舞台，那就是每一个人都有无限的发展机会，只要有能力就会有发展的空间，实现自我，这在很多企业是做不到的，这

种体制无疑会给员工莫大的激励作用。

2. 激励要把握最佳时机。

——需在目标任务下达前激励的，要提前激励。

——员工遇到困难，有强烈要求愿望时，给予关怀，及时激励。

3. 激励要公平准确、奖罚分明

——健全、完善绩效考核制度，做到考核尺度相宜、公平合理。

——克服有亲有疏的人情风。

——在提薪、晋级、评奖、评优等涉及员工切身利益热点问题上务求做到公平。

4. 推行职工持股计划。

使员工以劳动者和投资者的双重身份，更加具有关心和改善企业经营成果的积

极性。

现代人力资源管理的实践经验和研究表明，现代的员工都有参与管理的要求和

愿望，创造和提供一切机会让员工参与管理是调动他们积极性的有效方法。毫

无疑问，很少有人参与商讨和自己有关的行为而不受激励的。因此，让职工恰

当地参与管理，既能激励职工，又能为企业的成功获得有价值的知识。通过参与，形成职工对企业的归属感、认同感，可以进一步满足自尊和自我实现的需要。建立和提高员工参与管理、提出合理化建议的制度和职工持股制度，加强

员工各层次与领导层的交流沟通，提高员工主人翁参与意识。

5. 荣誉激励

对员工劳动态度和贡献予以荣誉奖励，如会议表彰、发给荣誉证书、光荣榜、

在公司内外媒体上的宣传报导、家访慰问、流览观光、疗养、外出培训进修、

推荐获取社会荣誉、评选星级标兵等。

6. 关心激励

对员工工作和生活的关心，如建立员工生日情况表，总经理签发员工生日贺卡，关心员工的困难和慰问或赠送小礼物。

7. 竞争激励

提倡企业内部员工之间、部门之间的有序平等竞争以及优胜劣汰。

8. 物质激励

增加员工的工资、生活福利、保险，发放奖金、奖励住房、生活用品、工资晋级。

9. 信息激励

要经常交流企业、员工之间的信息，进行思想沟通，如信息发布会、发布栏、

企业报、汇报制度、恳谈会、经理接待日制度。

1. One of the principles: incentives to vary from person to person

Because of the different needs of different staff, therefore, the same incentive effects of policy incentives will play a different. Even with a staff, at different times or circumstances, will have different needs. Because of incentives depending on the internal and the subjective feelings of the staff are, therefore, incentive to vary from person to person.

In the formulation and implementation of incentive policies, we must first investigate each employee clearly what is really required. Required to

organize, classify, and then to formulate appropriate policies to help motivate employees to meet these needs.

2. Two principles: appropriate incentives

Appropriate incentives and penalties will not affect the incentive effect, while increasing the cost of incentives. Award overweight employees would have to meet the mood of pride and lost the desire to further enhance their own; reward incentives too light will not achieve the effect, or so employees do not have a sense of attention. Heavy penalties are unfair to make employees, or loss of the company's identity, or even slow down or damage arising from the emotions; leniency error will underestimate the seriousness of the staff, which will probably make the same mistake.

3. The principle of three: fairness

The fairness of the management staff are a very important principle, employees are any unfair treatment will affect his mood and work efficiency, and effectiveness of the impact of incentives. Employees to obtain the same score, we must receive the same level of incentives; the same token, employees committed the same error, but also should be subject to the same level of punishment. If you can not do t his, managers would prefer not to reward or punishment.

Managers deal with employees at issue, must have a fair mind, should not have any prejudices and preferences. Although some staff may allow you to enjoy, some you do not enjoy, but at work, must be treated equally and should not have any of the words and acts of injustice.

1. Stimulate the transfer of staff from the results of equal to equal opportunities and strive to create a level playing field.

For example, Wu Shihong at IBM from a clean start with the people, step by step to the sales clerk to the district person in charge, General Manager of China, what are the reasons for t his? In addition to individual efforts, but also said that IBM should be a good corporate culture to a stage of development, that is, everyone has unlimited opportunities for development, as long as there is capacity there will be space for the development of self-implementation, which is to do a lot of companies are not, this system will undoubtedly inspire a great role of the staff.

2. Inspire the best time to grasp.

- Takes aim at pre-order incentive the mission to advance incentives.

- Have Difficulties employees, desire to have strong demand, to give the care