非谓语动词讲解(超全)

非谓语动词复习

非谓语动词: a.动词不定式 to do b.现在分词/ 动名词doing c.过去分词done

概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词

2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分

(有一个特殊情况：过去分词不具备名词性，所以补充当主语或宾语。）

非谓语动词使用条件：一个简单句中有且只有一个谓语动词

一个句子当中，已经存在一个谓语动词, 又没有连词的情况下, 应使用非谓语动词。

She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.

She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.

所有的非谓语动词的否定都是在其前面加 NOT

动词不定式

一．动词不定式的变体

动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种：

主动被动

一般式

完成式

进行式

例如：I like to read English.

例如：He seemed to be reading something at that time.

例如：He seemed to have cleaned the room.

例如：The work is to be done soon.

例如：The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.

二. 动词不定式的用法

I.作主语

To see is to believe． Not to get there in time is your fault.

注：常用it做形式主语，将to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。

It is a great enjoyment to spend our holiday in the mountains.

句型3： It is + adj + for sb to do sth（是形容事物的性质的）

It is + adj + of sb to do sth（是形容人的品质的）

It is easy for me to finish this work before ten.

It's impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that.

II.作宾语

接不定式做宾语I want to know this matter.

(1)常见动词有：like, demand, expect, promise, begin, determine, refuse, offer, fail,

manage, learn, seem, intend, forget, want, prepare, pretend, refuse, plan, afford,

wish等

(2)it作形式宾语

I find/feel to work with him interesting ． I find/feel it interesting to work with him．

3. I feel it my duty to change all that. 2.We think it important to obey

the law.

下列词接动名词和不定式均可，但意义不同的动词：

stop to do 停下来去做 stop doing 停止做

forget to do 忘记要做 forget doing 忘记做过

remember to do 记得要做 remember doing 记得做过

regret to do 遗憾要做 regret doing 后悔做过

try to do 企图做，尽力做 try doing 试着做

go on to do 继续做（另一件事） go on doing 继续做（同一件事）

mean to do 打算做 mean doing 意味做

In some parts of London, missing a bus means _____ for another hour.

A waiting

B to waiting

C wait

D to be waiting

Boys, don't forget ____ the windows before you leave the classroom.

A. closing

B. closed

C. to closing

D. to close

She reached the top of the hill and stopped _______ on a big rock.

A. to have rested

B. resting

C. to rest

D. rest

Remember ______ the lights when you leave the office.

A. to turn off

B. turning off

C. turn off

D. to turning off

(4)一般说来，介词后接动词通常应是动名词。但是介词but(except也一样)却比较特殊，其后接动词时，可以接不定式，并且这个不定式可以带to也可以不带to，“前有do,后无to”

I have no choice but to wait.：

1. 当其前的谓语含有实义动词do(可以是各种形式)时，其后的不定式通常不带to：

She will do anything but play chess. 她除了下棋外什么都愿干。

He did nothing all day except watch TV. 他一整天除了看电视什么也没做。