英美国家概况选择题重点
英美概况考试重点复习材料(英国部分)
英美概况考试重点复习材料〔英国部分〕Chapter 1第一章Land and People 英国的国土与人民I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称与其各组成部分1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。
2.Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 官方正式名称：大不列颠与北爱尔兰联合王国。
3.The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones.不列颠群岛由两个大岛—大不列颠岛〔较大的一个〕和爱尔兰岛，与成千上万个小岛组成。
4.Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wale大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。
(1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section.英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区。
(2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。
英国国家概况选择题-文档资料
Multiple Choice
7. The mountain system the Pennines is often called the backbone of _______. A. England B. Scotland C. Great Britain D. Ireland
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Multiple Choice
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Multiple Choice
6. The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in __________. A. 1921 B. 1931 C. 1945 D. 1950
3. About 80,000 Scots speak Gaelic which is an ancient _________. A. Scottish language B. English language C. Irish language D. Celtic language
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Multiple Choice
6. The ancestors of the Welsh were the ancient __________. A. Celts B. Romans C. Normans D. Britons
8. The regional capital of Northern Ireland is _______. A. Glasgow B. Edinburgh C. Cardiff D. Belfast
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Multiple Choice
9. Which of the following statements about the climate in Britain is NOT true? A. Britain’s climate is of the maritime type. B. Winters in Britain are extremely cold. C. Summers in Britain are cool. D. Britain is warmer than Harbin in winter.
英美概况知识点总结题库
英美概况知识点总结题库一、英美概况基本概念英美概况是指英国和美国两个国家的基本情况和特点，包括地理、历史、政治、经济、文化、社会等方面的情况。
英美两国是世界上最有影响力的国家之一，其发展历史和国情具有重要的影响力。
因此，了解英美概况对于理解世界格局和国际关系有着重要的意义。
二、英美概况的地理特点1. 英国地理特点（1）英国位于欧洲西北部，包括英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰四个主要地区。
英国总面积244,820平方公里，是欧洲第三大岛国。
（2）英国地势大致呈现出中高原低洼的地形特点，山地和丘陵地区占据了半岛的西南部和中部，而低洼平原主要分布在东南和中南部地区。
2. 美国地理特点（1）美国位于北美洲中部，是世界第四大国家，总面积达到9,638,131平方公里。
（2）美国地形多样，山脉主要集中在西部，大平原和丘陵地区主要分布在中西部，而东部则是低洼平原地区。
美国有众多河流，包括密西西比河、科罗拉多河、哥伦比亚河等。
三、英美概况的历史沿革1. 英国历史沿革（1）英国有着悠久的历史文化，公元前55年，罗马帝国入侵了不列颠岛，成为不列颠的一部分。
5世纪，盎格鲁-撒克逊人从德国北部迁入英格兰，并在836年建立了第一个统一的英国王国。
（2）1066年，诺曼征服导致了英国的政治和社会结构发生了较大变化，12世纪中叶英国建立了自己的君主立宪制度。
16世纪的宗教改革导致了英国国教的建立，17世纪的克伦威尔革命结束了君主专制，成立了军政府。
18世纪末，英国工业革命开启了现代化的起点。
（3）19世纪，英国成为世界上最强大的殖民地帝国，印度和非洲大部分地区被英国殖民。
20世纪，英国在两次世界大战中扮演了关键角色，但在战后开始了殖民帝国的解体和国际地位的下降。
2. 美国历史沿革（1）美国历史的起源可以追溯到公元前1492年，哥伦布发现了北美大陆。
17世纪早期，英国殖民者开始在北美建立殖民地。
（2）18世纪末，美国爆发了独立战争，美国终于于1776年宣布独立，建立了独立的民主共和国。
英美国家概况
英美国家概况一、选择题:1、The UK population was nearly 61,000,000.2、(1)The capital of Scotland is Edinburgh;(2)The capital of Northern Ireland is Belfast;(3)The capital of Wales is Cardiff;(4) The capital of England is London.二、名词解释:1、Magna Carta<the Great Charter>(大宪章):It was designed toobtain public liberties and to control the king’s power through Common Law, baronial assemblies and alliances with other social classes in England.2、The Hundred Years’ War(英法百年战争)：It referred to theintermittent war between France and England that last from 1337 to 1453. The causes were partly territorial and partly economic.When Edward III claimed the French Crown but the French refused to recognize, the war broke out. At first the English were successful, but in the end, they were defeated and lost almost all their possessions in France.3、Black Death(黑死病)：It was the deadly bubonic plague whospread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England without warning and any cure, and sparing no victims. Itkilled between half and one-third of the population of England. 4、The Wars of the Rose(玫瑰战争): It was referred to the battlesbetween the House of Lancaster and the House of York between 1455 and 1485. The former was symbolized by the red rose, and the latter by the white one. After the wars, feudalism received its death blow and the king’s powe r became supreme. Tudor monarchs ruled England and Wales for over two hundred years.5、The Act of Supremacy(至尊法案)：In 1534, King Henry VIIIissued the Act of Supremacy, and declared himself to be the “only supreme head of the church of England”. It recognized the king as supreme head of the Church in England.6、Puritanism(清教主义)：It is behavior or beliefs that are based onstrict moral or religious principles, especially the principle that people should avoid physical pleasures, advocating for more purity of worship and doctrine, as well as personal and group piety.7、Electoral College(选举团)：The electoral college is a group ofdelegates representing the fifty states which selects the president and the vice-president. These delegates usually vote according to the popular vote in their home states.8、Impeachment(弹劾)：Impeachment is a charge brought by the USHouse of Representatives against an official in the judicial or executive branches of the federal government. In essence, theHouse of Representatives sits as a grand jury considering the evidence against a president, vice-president, or a federal judge.9、Lobbying(游说)：Lobbying refers to activities designed toinfluence the decisions made by public officials. Most lobbying is completely legal and involves providing information and the making of election campaign contributions.10、Primary Election(初选): A primary election is an election whereinthe voters choose who the candidates will be in the general election.11、Collective Ministerial Responsibility(部长团体职责)：Accordingto the principle of collective ministerial responsibility, all the ministers in a government are responsible for the actions of individual ministers.12、Constituency(选区)：A constituency is an electoral district. Eachconstituency has a name and each constituency elects one member of the House of Commons.三、看图填空:四、列举:1、Seven kingdoms：Kent、Essex、Sussex、Wessex、East Anglo、Mercia、Northamber.2、Three major languages：Latin、French、Old English.3、都铎王朝的君主:Henry VII、Henry VIII、Edward VI、Mary I、Elizabeth I.4、Calvinism(加尔文主义):total depravity(完全的堕落)、unconditional selection（无条件的选择）、limited atonement（有限的赎罪）、irresistible grace（不可抗拒的恩惠）、perseverance of the saints（圣徒的坚忍）.5、The Big Four（英国报业四巨头）：The Times《泰晤士报》、TheDaily Telegraph《每日电讯报》、Guardian《卫报》、Financial Times《金融时报》.<Fleet Street舰队街>6、The Great Lakes（五大湖）；Lakes Superior、Michigan、Huron、Erie、Ontario.7、采取“winners-take-all”的有哪些国家：8、常春藤名校:布朗(Brown)、哥伦比亚(Columbia)、康乃尔(Cornell)、达特茅斯(Dartmouth)、哈佛(Harvard)、宾夕法尼亚大学(University of Pennsylvania)、普林斯顿(Princeton)和耶鲁(Yale)9、澳大利亚八校联盟：澳大利亚国立大学（The Australian National University, ANU)墨尔本大学(The University of Melbourne, UofMELB)悉尼大学(The University of Sydney, UNSY)昆士兰大学(The University of Queensland, UQ)新南威尔士大学(University of New South Wales, UNSW)莫纳许大学(Monash University)西澳大学(The University of Western Australia)阿得雷德大学(University of Adelaide)10、Monarchies: Britain、Japan、Saudi Arabia、Thailand、Spain、Malaysia、Netherlands、Kuwait、Canada；Republics: USA、Germany、France、Russia、Iraq、Israel、Vietnam、Brazil.五、论述:1、英国的地理环境是怎样影响英国人的性格和文化的？2、评价亨利八世（举例论证他的功与过）.3、The difference of the class social system between the United Statesand the United Kingdom:(P134)4、美国为什么不禁枪？5、美国的两党、两院以及驴象之争；“三权分立”.6、英国的两党以及上下议院，为什么要有君主制？。
英语国家概况学习手册选择题
第一章Britishthe republic of ireland became independent in the year(1949)the british empire was replaced by the british commonwealth in(1931)the English people and the English language were born from the union of(norman conquerors an the defeated anglo-sax ons the first known settlers of Britain were (the iberians)about 80000 scots speak gaelic which is an ancient (celtic language)the ancestors of the welsh were the ancient(celts)the average population density in Britain is(250)people per square kiloin 1066 harold and his troops fought against William on Senlac field near(hastlings)the Plantagenet dynasty was found by(henry 2)english reformation was carried out by(henry8)simon de Montfort reform beginning of English (parliament)from 1649 to 1658,it was ruled first by oliver Cromwell as(lord protector)it was during the reign of(anne)the the name great Britain came into being in 1707the 1851 london great exposition was held in the crystal palace designed by queen(victoria)husband albert.the house of commons has(650)members of parliamentbritish conservative party(tory)party in the 18th centurythe house of common is headed by（the speaker）the economic policy in the 1950s and 1960s was based on(john maynard keynes)in Britain less than(2/)are farmersbritain became a net exporter of oil in the(1980s)the following financial institutions have their headquarters in London except(royal bank of scotland)to stimulate economic recovery, the thacher polcies but(interventionism)britain is the(sixth)largest trading nationbritish oil fields were discovered on the(north sea)the national health service was established in(1948)(central government)is directly responsible for the nhschildren up to the age of (16) can receive family allowance for children(the baptists)is not among the anglican churches(the Methodist church)is the largest of the free churchesthe principal non-Christian communities in Britain are(the jews)the church of scotland is a(Presbyterian)(the free churches)in Britain have also been known as dissenters(7) roman catholic provinces in great Britainthe church of english has two provinces, they are(Canterbury and york)there are some (90)universitiesthe universities of oxford and cambridge date from the (12th and 13th)(public schools)are independent schoolssecondary education in(northern ireland) is selectiveharrow school is a(public school)higher education is usually defined as advanced course of a standard higher(gce a level)the following universities belong to red brick except(glasgow)the leading scientific society in Britain is(the royal society)the times is a (quality daily) the daily mirror is a popular daily(the mail on sunday)is the most read sunday newspaperof the following four sports,(cricket)has the longest historythe beatles was a band from(liverpool)the bbc is financed principally by(an annual television license fee)第二章America(the appalachain highlands)ex tend from the northern tip of marine southwestwards to Alabamawhat is the leading commercial crop of the south(tobacoo)which midwestern city is the automobile capital of the world(detroit)one of the most important lakes is(superior)which is the largest fresh water lake in the wordnew england lies in (the northeastern part)the smallest state is(rhode island)the largest city along the pacific coast is(los angeles)the progressive movement wanted to(initiate strict government regulation) to stop big business controlthe 1920s has been described as (material success and spiritual frustration)the purpose of the new deal measures was to (save American democracy and the capitalist system)at the time of cuban missile crisis the president is (kennedy)new frontier and war on poverty were initiated by(pre kennnedy and johnson)the conservatism during the Reagan was known as(the new right)the current situation of african americans presents(a mixed picture)cuban americans mainly live in(florida)now about 80/ to90/of immigration is from(Asian and latin American countries)the first immigrates in American history came from England and netherlandsamong the major hispanic groups the largest is(mexican)among the hispanic groups(Cuban a)have the highest social statuspolitical parties are the basis of political system (but A constitution C founding father)two major parties today have(some)differencesthe us congress has the power to override the president vote by a (2/3)majorityservice industries account for about(three fouths) of the us gross domestic productthe westward expansion is a demonstration of (individualism)as the world leading maker of industrial goods the us now produces around (25/) of industrial productsthe american social security system includes the following programs except(medicaid)americans may start receiving their pensions at the age of (65)the main federal welfare programs in the usa consist of except(medicare)belongs to the single issue oriented voluntary organization(NCH)belongs to the religious welfare organization(CCHD)among private foundations, which increasingly prominent in private charity activity?(bill and Melinda gates) the government will require most americans to have health insurance by (2014)(FHA)provided loans to companies willing to build low rent accommodation for needy peoplethere are currently(94)district courtsthere are currently(11)courts of appeals(solicitor general)argues cases for the government before the supreme courtthe grand jury consists of(16-23)ordinary citizensmurder is the main cause of death among non white males between the age of(24-45)(great) diffeence in tuition rates between public and private institution of high learningthe community college (offers associate degrees)elementary and secondary education covers(12)yearspublic policies and legal decisions emphasizing special rights for ethnic and linguistic minorities except(proposition227) the catholic faith was first brought to the north by(the spanish)the great waves of jewish immigration start in(1836)by the end of the seventeenth century (puritanism)lose its energiesthe first great awakening of (18th century)god role in direting the fortune of his chosen peoplethe second great awakening of(19th century)church membership range of sectarianismthe (first)amendment of constitution states thatminority religion is deemed by the mainstream religion to advocate beliefs against the public interest(mormonism) protestant witnessed significant loss of members except(evangelists)postwar evangelicalism has made use of (tv)to reach massive auiencecontemporary religious groups is relying upon big rallies to draw Christian men(promise keepers)one of the first activities at home is to(doing repair work)one out of every(3)volunteershigh brow culture except(ballet)the super bowl refers to(football)第三章Canadaindigenous peoples aboriginal make up about(3)percent Canada inhabitantscanada occupies north of latitude(49)Nthere may be (2million)lakes in Canadathe largest lake is(the great bear)(the st lawrence)is the largest river in volume of waterthe largest island is(Baffin island)provinces in canadian interior plains except(quebec)(chiese)is the fastest growing mother tongue(british Columbia and alberrta)were beneficiaries of the westward movement(nunavut)is the first large political unitkanata mean(a settlement)(Jacques cartier)was the first french to discover canada(Samuel de champlain)found the first permanent settlement at quebecin 1774 the british passed(the quebec act)canada given internal selfgovernment(1849)(sir john maconald)was the first prime ministerin 1905(albert and saskatchewan)were carved out of the northwest territoriesin 1967(o canada) was approved as th e national anthemthe canadian government followed a policy of bilingualism(1969)quebec voters narrowly rejected secession in the(1995)referendumalmost (half)of the land is covered by forestsbritish columbia ranks (first)in the productivity of forestsmost farmland is located in (the prairie provinces)sea animals most important exports from the atlantic coast except(salmon)much of pre confederation history revolve the profitable (fur trade)Canada is the world largest producer expect(nicket)Canada is the world(tenth)largest exporter of oil0.6percent population (4/)exportslargest trading partner(the us)federation of (ten)provices(three)territories(the constitution of 1982)cut the last legal tiethe constitution of 1982 gather the acts into a single framework and added(the Canadian charter of rights ad fredoms)Canada is divided into(308)districts called ridings(105)senators in the canadian parliaamentQuebec has a (civil law)system based on (the french)in canada general elections once every(five years)the third party with a tradition of national support is(the new democratic party)in 2003 the progressive conservatives and the (canadian alliance)form a new party conservative partyin (1971)government adopted a policy of multiculturalismas far as canadian education each province has its own system because(education is primarily the responsibility of provincial government) according to (Canada health act)canada health systemshould provide services regardless of incomethe first church sponsored university is(king college)the federal department of environment was established in(1971)the official language act was passed in (1969)the charter of the French language in (1977)the largest protestant denomination is(the united church )july 1st dominion day became canada day in(1982)in canada thanksgiving day (the second Monday of oct)第四章Australiaaustralia is (the sixth largest) countrymost australians live on the cool wet forested (southeast )australia is politically divided into (six)states and (two)territoriesthe only city on the western coast population of more than one million is(perth)adelaide the capital of south australia (arts festival)tasmania is a island(south of the southeastern corner)(the northern territory)forms the essence of the australia outbackThe corals of the great barrier reef fringe the coastline of(Queensland)more2000kilometerstorres strait islanders live on(the island between the tip of Queensland an Papua new guinea)australian aborigines the land was create during (dreamtime)aboriginal culture disrupted by(European settlement of australia from 1788)massacres large numbers of aborigines died(the impact of dieases)first europeans who reached australia were (the Spanish and Portuguese)in 1788australia was settled as a colony to(receive convicts from britain)australia day (January 26)(melbourne)the financial an commercial center of australia during the gold rushin the 1950s australia stressed the importance of association with the united states (ANZ US)Whitlam proposed reforms except (establishing a republic)in(1999)the question of becoming a republic was put to a referendum(wheat )is the leading grain cropofficial estimates suggested that a total of (one fifth)was native forestfishing zone ranks(third)in sizemanufacturing now contributes about(one eighth)to gdpaustralia boasts the world largest known recoverable resources except(gold)australia ranks (first) in both gem or near gemtelecommunications and it market is the(tenth)the australia constitution can only be changed by (referendum)in australia each state has(12)senators(queensland)has only one house in the state parliamentparty politics started in 1910 when (Australia votera began to choose between the labor party an liberal party) oldest surviving political party is(the Australia labor party)the present form of the liberal party was refounded in (1944)by(Robert menzies)the liberal party has been in coalition with (the national party)since 1923the largest minor party in australia is (the Australia democrats )the interpreting power of the constitution belongs to (the supreme court)the effective end of the white australia policy is dated to(1972)the first official national multicultural policy was implemented by the(fraser)school education is compulsory until age (15)among sunday papers (sun telegraph)is the most widely circulatedanzac day on(april 25) troops Gallipoli ww2the oldest international arts festival in Australia was held in(perth)第五章New Zealandthe largest lake in new Zealand is(lake taupo)the highest peak in new Zealand is(mount cook)volcanic mountains in the north island ex pect(mt cook)the most serious natural disasters are (earthquakes and volcano eruptions)(kiwi)is the flightless bird(80/)of the population of new Zealand is of europeanthe first european to reach new Zealand was(abel tasman)maori refer to the Europeans as(pakeha)in (1840),new Zealand constitution act new Zealand was grant self governmentin the year of(1907)new Zealand changed from being a colony to a separate dominionin (1893)new Zealand first country to give women the right to vote(1947)new Zealand gained its full independencemmp came into effect with the(1996)elections(rugby union football)is traditionally the favorite national sportnew Zealand schooling is compulsory for children aged 6 to 16waitangi day(February 6)not true of the political system in new Zealand (has a written constitution)in 1993 a referendum on(whether new Zealand should adopt a voting system of proportional ) the constitution act of(1986)cut the last remaining ties of new Zealandto the britishthe two largest parties in new Zealand are (labor and national)new Zealand depends on increasing its export income by(diversifying its products)the closer economic relations cer between Australia and new Zealand in(1982)。
英语国家概况选择题
英语国家概况选择题1、The main purpose of the Crusades was AA. to recapture Jerusalem from the MuslimsB. to bring Christianity to the Middle EastC. to bring peace to the Middle EastD. to develop trade with the Muslims2、Which statement about the Anglo-Saxons is NOT TRUE? DA. In the 7th century, they gradually developed seven kingdoms known as HeptarchyB. After they came to Britain, the name the area “Angle-land”(England).C. Alfred the Great, an Anglo king, unified and brought stability to the country.D. Anglo-Saxons were Germanics and they spoke German.3、William I defeated the English soldiers at AA. HastingsB. LondonC. ManchesterD. Wilshire4、The Domesday Book was written by the order of BA. Alfred the GreatB. William the ConquerorC. Edward the Confessor（忏悔者）D. Ethelred the Unready (迟钝者)5、A were the last invaders in history to conquer the British Isles.A. NormansB. VikingsC. DanesD. Anglo-Saxons6、Among the following, which is not introduced to Britain or built by the Romans? DA. Roman numbersB. ChristianityC. Roman lawsD. Stonehenge7、With Britain’s decline in modern times, the old concepts of A -centered Britishness have weakened.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Wales8、From the 11th to the 14th century, under the B -speaking Norman kings, a hybrid speech combining French elements became the official language known astoday.A. German, Old EnglishB. French, Middle EnglishC. French, Old EnglishD. German, Middle English9、The English language is a C language of the Indo-European language family.A. CelticB. RomanC. GermanicD. Italic10、B provides the earliest reasonable estimate of England’s population.A. The census in 1880B. Domesday BookC. Supremacy ActD. Bill of Rights11、C invaders conquered what is now called England in the first century A.D.A. The RomanB. The NormanC. The AnglesD. The American12、The English are descendents of the AA. Anglo-SaxonsB. the CeltsC. the RomansD. the Vikings13、Which is NOT TRUE about the British weather and climate? CA. The UK has a temperate maritime climate.B. It is extremely changeable throughout the year.C. There is not enough rainfall in many parts of the UK.D. The changeable and unpredictable weather proves a constant topic of daily conversation for the Britons.14、Of the following, A is the largest, most populous and generally speaking the richest sectionA EnglandB ScotlandC Wales15、The largest river is D and the second largest but the most important one is _____.A. the Thames River, the Severn RiverB. the Severn River, the Tees RiverC. the Exe River, the Thames RiverD. the Severn River, the Thames River16、The highest mountain in England is BA. the PenninesB. Ben NevisC. the Highland of ScotlandD. Northern Ireland17、The “backbone of England” refers to BA. the Welsh MassifB. the PenninesC. the Middle ValleyD. the English Midlands18、Which of the following statement is not correct about John Bull?CA. He is a stout, middle-aged man.B. He often wears a Union Jack waistcoat.C. He is often accompanied by a cat.D. Sometimes, he has a walking stick in his hand.19、Which of the following family name is not patronymic? DA. McPhersonB. WilliamsonC. FitzgeraldD. Bush20、Which of the following is not included in the national flag of the UK? DA. The red cross of St. George for EnglandB. The white cross of St. Andrew for ScotlandC. The red cross of St. Patrick for IrelandD. The Welsh dragon for Wales1、The USA includes 50 states and a federal district, the District of B which is the seat of the Federal GovernmentA. New YorkB. ColumbiaC. AlaskaD. Chicago2、C is separated from the main land by Canada.A. HawaiiB. TaxasC. AlaskaD. Pearl Harbor3、The A River is famous because New York stands at its estuary.A. HudsonB. MississippiC. ColoradoD. Ohio4、There are D stars and __strips on the national flag of the US.A. 50, 20B. 13, 20C. 20, 13D. 50, 135、When we speak of “father of waters” or “old man river”, we are referring to DA. the Colorado RiverB. The Ohio RiverC. the Missouri RiverD. the Mississippi River6、Between Lake Erie and Ontario is the B Falls.A. VoctoriaB. NiagraC. BeautifulD. Huron7、C River is the most important river in the USA.A. HudsonB. PotomacC. MississippiD. Colorado8、The great central plain is nicknamed CA. agricultural placeB. habor of AmericaC. barn of AmericaD. center of America9、B is mainly formed by the brushing of Colorado River.A. Yellowstone geyserB. Grand CanyonC. Rocky MountainsD. Mount Rushmore10、The Rocky Mountains are called A of the continent.A. backboneB.rangeC. headD. arm11、The motto of America is BA. Evil to evilB. In God We TrustC. Mind and HandD. Future12、The nickname for the largest city of America – New York, is CA. Wind CityB. Bean TownC. Big AppleD. Jazz city13、In terms of total area, America ranks D in the world.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth14、B is not included on the Mount Rushmore National Memorial.A. Abraham LincolnB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. George WashingtonD. Thomas Jefferson15、A is the lowest point and hottest of the United States.A. Death ValleyB. YellowstoneC. Las VegasD. Grand Canyon16、B is the most famous geyser(间歇泉) in the Yellowstone National Park.A. Yellowstone geyserB. Old FaithfulC. Grand Prismatic SpringD. Old Man Spring17、The national bird of the United States is DA. doveB. nightingaleC. skylarkD. bald eagle18、On the national flag of US, there are B stripes which stand for the original 13 states of America.A. six red and seven whiteB. seven red and six whiteC. five red and eight whiteD. eight red and five white19、The United States is composed of B states and many overseas territories.A. 13B. 50C. 51D. 5220、The United States is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean and AA. Arctic OceanB. Mediterranean SeaC. Indian OceanD. North Sea。
英语国家概况选择题
Unit 1True or False:1.The United Kingdom and Northern Ireland located in northern Europe.2.The United Kingdom consists of four political divisions---England, Scotland,Wales and Ireland.3.England is one of the two largest islands in the British Isles.4.The British Isles are made up of three large islands and hundreds of smallones.5.Wales likes on the east coast of the Ireland of Great Britain.6.The Commonwealth of Nations is a free association of independentcountries tha tall used to be colonies of Britain.7.In Scotland, rugged mountains, green valleys, and deep, blue lakesprovide some of the most beautiful scenery in Europe.8.Britain’s longest river is the Thames.9.The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh in northwest England.10.Britain’s climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream, a warm current thatsweeps up from the equator and flows past the British Isles.Unit 2True or False:1.The English, the Scots, and the Welsh are Anglo-Saxons, but the Irish are Celts.2.London and England as a whole have great influence over the rest of the UnitedKingdom because of their large population.3.People of Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi origin are the largest group ofimmigrants in Britain.pared with the rest of the world, the UK has a smaller percentage of olderpeople and a higher percentage of younger people.5.The Welsh language is official language of in Wales.6.Scottish Gaelic is the official language in Scotland.7.The English language is the predominant language in Northern Ireland.8.English people all strive to free themselves of regional or local accents in order tosound like educated English-speaking people.9.Social class in the UK lays more emphasis on money and property.10.Britishness is associated with political, historical, technological, sporting, andcultural achievements in Britain.Unit 4True or False1.Although the monarch does not officially have any power, he (or she) does havegreat influence.2.Britain does not have a written constitution , or set of rules, that the governmentmust obey.3.Each member of Parliament represents a constituency, and holds his seat duringthe life of a Parliament.4. A general election may be called by the government at any time but must bewithin four years of the previous one.5.The House of Lords is the second chamber where changes in law can be made.6.The party which wins the second largest number of seats in the House of Lordsbecomes the official Opposition.7.Ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of the PrimeMinister.8.The Speaker is a member who is acceptable to all shades of opinion in the Houseof Lords.9.The two major parties in Britain today are the Conservative Party and the LiberalDemocratic Party.10.Ministers I Britain cannot be elected Members of Parliament at the same time.Unit 5True or False:1.Although Britain is a unitary state, it does not have a single legal system.2. A Magistrate’s Court sits with a jury.3.In Scotland, all appeals are heard by three or four judges of the High Court ofJusticiary.4.Police Officers in Great Britain do not normally carry firearms.5.Lond on’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the Lord Chancellor.6.The main courts of civil jurisdiction in England and Wales are the CountyCourts.7.The House of Lords is the court of last resort for most instances of UK law.8.The Lord Chancellor is the highest court officer in Britain.9.Unless the case with which an arrested person is charged is very serious, hewill usually be granted bail if he cannot be brought before the court within a day.10.If a person is charged with murder, and he has sufficient means, he must begranted legal aid.Unit 6True or False:1.A century ago the British economy was among the strongest in the world.2.John Maynard Keynes was an influential American economist.3.A strong opponent of the policies of the Labor Party, Margaret Thatcher worked toincrease government control over the British economy.4.In Britain service industries account for about two-thirds of its gross domestic product.5.The area between London and South Wales is often referred to as Britain’s “Silicon Glen”.6.Britain imports chiefly manufactured goods an exports mostly raw materials.7.Most of the United Kingdom’s trade is with other developed countries, especially other member s of the EU.8.The value of Britain’s exports of goods usually exceeds the value of its imports.9.Today, the City of London is the center of London where government departments are located.10.The trade union movement in Britain has become stronger these years because of changes in the structure of employment.Unit 7True or False:1.The National Health Service (NHS) provides for every resident, regardlessof income, a full range of medical services.2.The National Health Service is now a largely free service.3.Social services authorities give help to families facing special problems.4.Social Security benefits are increased annually in line percentage increasein retail prices.5.General Practitioners receive fees based on the number of individualswho register with them as patients.6.The nuclear family accounts for a majority of households and hasincreased in recent years.7.In Northern Ireland, the needs of those in difficulty are met by localauthorities, who draw upon funds provided by the Department of Workand Pensions(DWP).8.Eye tests and dental treatments in NHS hospitals are free of charge.9.Personal social services refer to the provision of financial support for thepeople in difficulty.10.Most British people now live in detached houses.Unit 8True or False:1.In the UK, more than half of the Christians attend worship on a regular bais.2.Christianity was first introduced into Britain by St. Augustine in the 6th century.3.Under the Act of Settlement in 1701, the British Monarch is required to bemember of the Church of England.4.The Supreme Governor of the Church of England is the Archbishop of Canterbury.5.Canterbury Cathedral is used for the Coronation of all British Monarchs.6.In 1994 the first women were ordained as priests in the Anglican Church.7.The Church of Scotland is the established church in Scotland and is subject tostate control.8.The Baptist Union of Great Britain is the largest of the free churches in Britain.9.The UK has the second largest Jewish community in Western Europe.10.Since the United Kingdom guarantees its citizens religious freedom withoutinterference from the state or the community, religion in Britain is separated from politics.Unit 9True or False:1.Parents are required by law to see that their children receive full-timeeducation between the age of 5 and 16.2.Most of the state secondary school population in Great Britain attendscomprehensive schools.3.Thanks to the 1988 Education Reform Act, the UK has since provided universaland free state primary and secondary education.4.The Secretary of State for Education is responsible for education in the UK.5.The Department of Education and Science is primarily responsible for publicspending on schools.6.In the UK, public schools are public-funded.7.Universities and higher education colleges in the UK enjoy academic freedom,appoint their own staff, award their own degrees, deiced which students to admit and are financially self-reliant.8.In the UK, most undergraduate (bachelor’s) degrees take three years tocomplete.Unit 10True or False:1.People in the UK spend about most of the free time in the pub.2.The Royal National Theatre often performs in Stratford-upon-Avon,Shakespeare’s birthplace.3.With the emergence of the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, and the Who, Britishpopular music led the world form the early 1980s.4.British Library, the national library, is one of the world’s thee largest.5.The UK’S biggest-selling newspaper is The Times .6.Channel 4 is state-owned, though it operates in a commercial way.7.The national sport of the UK is rugby.8.Cricket is popular in all the four home nations.9.Golf was born in Scotland.10.Tennis is the highest profile sport for the two weeks of the WimbledonChampionships.True or False:1.The United States stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Pacific inthe east.2.The Mississippi River is the longest river in the US.3.The Appalachian region is both complicated and varied, containing not only someof the highest mountains in North America, but also a vast expanse of intermontane basins, plateaus, and isolated ranges.4.Western Washington and Oregon receive plenty of rain and Central California isnoticeably drier in winter.5.New England is sometimes called the birthplace of America.6.Washington D.C. is located in the Southern States Region and is also part of astate.7.Many Southerners have a strong sense of regional loyalty and take pride in theSouth’s history and tradition.8.The Midwestern States Region is a vast area of generally flat land that coversmuch of the center of the United States.s Vegas and Reno stand out as “American Dreamland”, for they primarily findwealth through the gambling and entertainment industries.10.Hawaii has the largest land area of all the states, and Alaska has one of thesmallest land areas.True or False:1.The first English colony in the Americas was founded at Jamestown,Virginia, in 1607.2.Before the War of Independence, there were 13 colonies in NorthAmerica.3.The Louisiana Purchase was executed under the Jefferson Administration.4.When many thousands of Southerners saw the victory of Abraham Lincolnin the 1860s election as not simply a political defeat but also a threat to allsouthern institutions and the southern way of life, they decided to secedefrom the Confederacy.5.The Progressive Movement was a well-organized, unified movement,demanding government regulation of economy and social condition.6.The United States formally went into war against German in 1917.7.The Stock Market collapse occurred in 1928 in the United States.8.The Truman Doctrine referred to military and economic aid to Greece andTurkey.9.Nixon was the second president in American history to resign from thehighest office of the nation.10.The black-white racial chasm in post-Civil-Rights-Movement America washighlighted by the savage beating of Martin Luther King by police officersin 1992.Unit4True or False:1.The Constitution of the United States, after its ratification, has never been revised.2.According to the Constitution, the federal government is responsible for addressing questions that affect the nation as a whole as well as individual states.3.Separation of powers is designed to prevent power from being concentrated in one branch of government.4.The government is divided into four branches: the legislative, the presidency, the bureaucracy and the judiciary.5.The Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional and thereby make it invalid.6.Candidates for the presidency can only be chosen by political parties.7.The president has great executive but no legislative power.8.Congressmen serve a term of six years while senators serve a term of two years.9.The Democrats are thought of as associated with business, Anglo-Americans, and the rich.10.The number of Senators from each state is based upon its population.Unit 5True or False:1.Since the U.S. economy is based on free enterprise, there is little governmentinvolvement in the economy.2.As the first country to have entered the “post –industrial” society, the U.S. has amanufacturing industry unraveled by any other country in the world.3.In the 18th century, the New England colonies specialized in producing tobaccofrom plantations.4.Alexander Hamilton adopted a policy in favor of small farmers.5.While most Americans embraced the idea of money-making and held successfulbusinessmen in great admiration, they resented big businesses monopolizing any industry in any form.6.By 1965, a majority of U.S. workers held white-collar rather than blue-collar jobs.7.Many urban Americans, particularly Blacks and Hispanics, found the postwarprosperity inaccessible to them.8.The American West is now an important region of corn and wheat.9.While manufacturing giants such as IBM and General Electric enjoy worldwidereputation as the pillars of the American economy, the U.S. economy is by no means dominated by giant corporations.10.As the number of workers employed in the traditional manufacturing industrieshas declined, union membership has dropped in recent years.Unit 8True or False:1.Americans generally hold that everyone is entitled to education.2.Americans believe that education is beneficial to individuals and the society alike.3.In the United States, public education at elementary and secondary level is free.4.American education system is characterized by diversity.5.According to the U.S. constitution, education is the responsibility of the federal government.6.There is little similarity in the education system of the 50 states.7.The state board of education is responsible for the education policy of the state.8.The oldest institution of higher education in the United States is Harvard University.9.Junior colleges offer only BA degree.10.The Affirmative action program aims to help ethnic and racial minorities in elementary and secondary education.Unit 1True or False: FFFFF FTFFT Multiple Choice: CCBDA BCADBUnit 2True or False: FTTFT FTFFT Multiple Choice: DADDA AADDDUnit3Multiple Choice: DBBDA AADCAUnit 4TTTFF FTFFF AABDA BBACCUnit 5TTFTF TFFTT CADBA CCDACUnit 6TFFTF FTFFF BBDAC CBDDDUnit 7TTTTF FFFFF CBDCB CCCBDUnit 8FFTFF TFFTF CBDAD CADBAUnit 9TTFFF FFTTT CADDD CBDDD Unit 10FFFTF TFFTT ABABA ACABBUnit 1FTFFT FTTTF DBDBB ACDBAUnit 2TFTFF TFFFF CAADD AACCBUnit 4FFTFT FFFFF DDCAD BBCDAUnit 5FFFFT FTFTT ACADA DADBBUnit 8TTTTF FTFFF DCABD BBCAB。
英美国家文化概况课后选择题答案
UNIT31.Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution? The American had the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants.2. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe?The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.3. The following were the main Reformation leaders exceptMartin Luther King4. The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism exceptsalvation through the church.5. Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?separation of state and church.6. Lord Baltimore's feudal plan failed becausethe English king did not like the plan.7. The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic exceptWilliam Penn.8. The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly fromJohn Locke.9. Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism?Catholics.10. "No taxation without representation" was the rallying cry of “the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution.UNIT41. Which of the following statements was NOT correct? When the War of Independence was over, the relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined.2. According to the author, the Articles of Confederation failed because of the following reasons. Which is not true?Some new states wanted to be free from the Union.3. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention?Rhode Island.4. Which of the following statements was NOT correct? When the Constitution was written,t here was a Bill of Rights in the Constitution.5. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes? The legislative.6.Which of the following is NOT a power of the president?The president can make laws.7. The Bill of Rights consists of10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791.8. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?The freedom of searching a person's home by police.9. The following were NOT written into the Constitution in 1787 exceptthe powers of the president.10. The New Deal was started byFranklin Roosevelt.UNIT 51. The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, in the state of Rhode Island.2. The “American system” of mass production was first used in United States.firearms industry3. The United States had the first standard paper currency in 1863.4. In which year was the United States rated NO.1 in terms of production capacity in the world? 19455. Which of the following is NOT considered as part of the service industry?Steelmaking6. The United States was rated forth in the world in terms of land area and the size of population.7. The United States produces as much as half of the world’ssoybeans and corn.8. Which of the following is generally considered as an important institutional factor that contributed to the success of American business and industry?Laissez-faire9. Who has extolled the virtues of farmers?Thomas Jefferson10. The latest technology that farmers have adopted iscomputersUNIT61. Which of the following was NOT a Protestant denomination?The Catholics2. Which of the following is unconstitutional in the United States?Public money is provided to support religious schools.3. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs?Islamic4. Which of the following is true?Liberal Protestants and Jews join non-believers in maintaining that abortion is a basic right for women,5. Which of the following continues to have an all-male clergy?The Catholic Church6. Which of the following features is NOT distinctively American?There has been very much concentration on doctrine or religious argument in the US.7. In the United States, people go to church mainly for the following reasons except for finding a job in society.8. Which of the following statement is NOT correct according to the author?Protestant Church is an established church by law in the US.UNIT 71. Which of the following was a writer of the post-Revolutionary period?Washington Irving2. Which of the following is considered an American masterpiece?Moby Dick3. Which of the following was written by Henry David Thoreau?Walden4. Whitman’s poetry has the following characteristics exceptfragmented haunting images5. Mark Twain’s work are characterized by the following exceptegotism6. Three of the following are characteristics of Emily Dickinson’s poems. Which one is NOT? Her poems are very long and powerful.7. Henry James was mainly interested in writing about American living in Europe.8. Sherwood Anderson is NOT included in the group of naturalists.9. Three of the following authors are Noble Prize winners. Which one is NOT?F.Scott Fitzgerald.10. John Steinbeck does NOT belong to the ‘Lost Generation’.11. Lig ht in August was NOT written by Hemingway.12. Which of the following is NOT an African-American author?Alan Ginsberg13. The following author were women writers who wrote novels in the 19th and early 20th century with the exception ofWilla Cather14. The following writers represent new American voices exceptT.S.Eliot15. Among the following Native American writers, whose publications are regarded as sparking the beginning of the Native American Renaissance?Scott Momaday’sUNIT 81.Which of the following subjects are NOT offered to elementary school students?Politics and business education.2. The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by _______.boards of education3. In the United States school systems, which of the following divisions is true?Elementary school, secondary school.4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in American higher education?Research institutions5. Three of the following factors have contributed to the flourishing of large universities in America, which is the exception?Large universities offer scholarships to all students.6. The most important reason for students wanting to get into more desirable institutions because they find it easy for them to get jobs after having graduated from one of them7. In order to go to university, secondary school students must meet the following requirements except that _______.they pass the college entrance examinations8. Three of the following universities have large endowments from wealthy benefactors. Which is the exception?The State University of New York9. Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except _______. Investment10. To get a bachelor's degree, an undergraduate student is required to do the following except taking certain subjects such as history, language and philosophyUNIT 91. Black American sang the anthem of the civil rights movement, ______affirming their commitment to fight racial prejudice.We Shall Overcome!2. The most notorious terrorist group against black civil rights workers in the South was known as Ku Klux Klan.3. The reason why many young people were involved in the social movements of the 1960s was thatthey resented traditional white male values in US society4. In addition to such tactics as sit-ins, young students also added ______to educate people about war in Vietnam.Teach-in5. According to the author, three civil rights groups provided the leadership, the tactics, and the people to fight against Southern segregation. Which is the exception?The students for a democratic society6. A historic moment of the civil rights movement was the March on Washington of August 28, 1963 when ______delivered his “I Have a Dream”Martin Luther King, Jr.7. In January 1965, President Johnson declared “_______”to eliminate poverty “by opening to everyone the opportunity to live in decency and dignity.”War on poverty8. Unlike Martin Luther King, _______the chief spokesperson of Black Muslins advocated violence in self defense and black pride.Malcolm X9.During the early stages of the civil rights movement, the major integration strategy initiated by the Congress of Racial Equality was known as _____to integrate interstate buses and bus station in the South.Freedom rides10. Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in the spirit of India’s leader Gandhi, _______was awarded the Noble Peace Prize in 1964.Martin Luther King,Jr.11. The one group within the counter culture best known for their pursuit of happiness as their only goal in life was called____the Hippies12. In the 1960s, feminism was reborn. Many women were dissatisfied with their lives, and in 1963, with the publication of _______by _________, they found a voice.The Feminine Mystique, Betty FriedanUNIT 101. Which of the following statement is NOT true about blacks after the 1960s?Blacks felt that they could be fully integrated into the mainstream of American life.2. the main factor contributing to the widening income gap between blacks and whites in the 1970s was _____black had low position and low pay in the workplace hierarchy3. Which of the following is NOT the reason for the higher arrest rates among minority groups? The aggressive nature of these groups.4. Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime?Robbery5. Which of the following statement is NOT true?The Northern states did not have racial discrimination.6. Accoding to the text, which of the following is NOT a dysfunction caused by drug abuse? Drug abuse is a major cause of unemployment.7. If white-collar crimes were included in the Crime Index, the profile of a typical criminal in the United States would be the following EXCEPTliving near city centers8. Which of the following used human beings as guinea pigs to test drugs like LSD?The CIAUNIT111. When did the word stereotype come into use in English?Early 17th century2. Which organization in the United States demonstrated strongly against any laws that might restrict gun ownership?The NRA (national Rifle Association)3. Which of the following websites are meant to cater to young tastes?Facebook4. Who was the author of the popular play The Melting Pot which was associated with life in America since the late 18th century?Israel Zangwill5. What was the major historical event that resulted in the separation of the Protestants from the Roman Catholic Church?The 16th-century Reformation6. Which of the following expressions represents the core value of the mainstream society in the USA?Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.7. Which of the following was President Franklin D.Roosevelt’s main concern?Social justice8. According to the author, the mosaic metaphor for American image has one fatal flaw. What is it?American is not open to change .9.The internet has several characteristics that reflect life in the USA today. Which one is NOT? People can freely download MP3 music10. Which of the following institution is responsible for the making of the Internet?The US military11. Free use of the Internet in the US responds to the basic American values, except that _____it doesn’t help create material wealth.12. Which of the following helps theorize the concept of Fraternity? Karl Marx。
英美概况面试题及答案高中
英美概况面试题及答案高中问题一：英国的首都是什么？英国的官方语言是什么？答案：英国的首都是伦敦。
英国的官方语言是英语。
问题二：请简述美国的独立日是哪一天，并解释其意义。
答案：美国的独立日是7月4日，这一天是为了纪念1776年《独立宣言》的签署，标志着美国从大不列颠的统治下独立出来。
问题三：英国和美国在政治体制上有何不同？答案：英国是一个君主立宪制国家，拥有女王作为国家元首，而实际政治权力由首相和议会掌握。
美国则是一个联邦制国家，实行总统制，总统既是国家元首也是政府首脑。
问题四：请列举至少三个英国和美国在文化上的不同点。
答案：英国和美国在文化上的不同点包括：1) 饮食习惯，例如英国人喜欢下午茶，而美国人更倾向于快餐文化；2) 教育体系，英国的教育体系较为传统，注重学术研究，而美国的教育体系更注重实践和创新；3) 社会礼仪，英国人通常比较保守和讲究礼仪，而美国人则更加随意和直接。
问题五：英国的“脱欧”对英国和欧盟有什么影响？答案：“脱欧”指的是英国退出欧盟。
这一事件对英国意味着需要重新建立与欧盟的贸易关系，同时也可能影响英国的国际地位和经济。
对欧盟而言，英国的退出可能会削弱其整体经济实力和政治影响力。
问题六：美国历史上有哪些重要的移民潮？这些移民潮对美国的发展有何影响？答案：美国历史上重要的移民潮包括19世纪的爱尔兰和德国移民潮，以及20世纪的拉丁美洲和亚洲移民潮。
这些移民潮极大地丰富了美国的多元文化，促进了社会和经济的发展，同时也带来了一些社会问题，如文化融合和就业竞争。
问题七：请简述英国的工业革命对世界历史的影响。
答案：英国的工业革命是18世纪末到19世纪初的一场重大社会经济变革，它标志着从手工劳动向机械化生产的转变。
工业革命极大地提高了生产效率，促进了城市化，改变了人们的生活方式，并对全球经济和社会发展产生了深远影响。
问题八：美国的文化多元性是如何形成的？答案：美国的文化多元性主要是由其历史上的大规模移民潮形成的。
英语国家概况修订版课后练习题含答案
英语国家概况修订版课后练习题含答案第一部分：选择题1.Which of the following countries has the highest populationin the world?A. United StatesB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. CanadaAnswer: C2.Which of the following countries is NOT one of the foundingmembers of the European Union?A. GermanyB. ItalyC. FranceD. SpnAnswer: D3.What is the capital city of Canada?A. TorontoB. VancouverC. OttawaD. MontrealAnswer: C4.Which language is spoken in Brazil?A. FrenchB. EnglishC. PortugueseD. SpanishAnswer: C5.What is the official language of the United States?A. SpanishB. EnglishC. FrenchD. GermanAnswer: B第二部分：填空题1.The official language of Australia is __________. Answer:English2.The longest river in the United States is the __________.Answer: Missouri River3.The largest desert in the world is the __________. Answer:Sahara4.The highest peak in Africa is __________. Answer: MountKilimanjaro5.The currency of Japan is called the __________. Answer: Yen第三部分：问答题1.What are the official languages of Canada?Answer: The two official languages of Canada are English and French.2.Which continent has the most English-speaking countries?Answer: The continent with the most English-speaking countries is North America.3.What is the capital of China?Answer: The capital of China is Beijing.4.How many countries are there in the European Union?Answer: There are currently 27 countries in the European Union. three countries in South America.Answer: Three countries in South America are Brazil, Argentina, and Peru.第四部分：解释题1.What is the meaning of the term。
英美概况考试题汇总
英美概况考试题汇总一、英国部分1. 英国的全名：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
国家元首：女王伊丽莎白二世。
国土面积：24.36万平方公里。
人口：6020万。
首相：戈登·布朗。
分四个部分：英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰、北爱尔兰。
首府分别为：伦敦、加迪夫、爱丁堡和贝尔法斯特。
大伦敦市下设一个对的金融城（City of London）和32个城区（London Boroughs）。
2. 英国最长的河流是：塞文河（354公里）；最重要的河流为泰晤士河，流经伦敦，全长346公里。
最大的湖泊讷湖，在北爱尔兰境内，面积396平方公里。
3. 英国的气候主要受北大西洋暖流的影响，属海洋性温带阔叶林气候。
终年温和多雨。
天气易变，难以预测。
4. 1707年英格兰与苏格兰合并，不列颠岛统一。
1801年又与爱尔兰合并。
1922年爱尔兰南部脱离英国统治，成立爱尔兰共和国。
5. 现代英国民族的基本成分是三个日耳曼部族，他们是：盎格鲁、萨克森和朱特。
6. 爱德华一世最后终于在1282年成功征服了威尔士北部和西部的最后一个当地的威尔士公国（大约是今天的安格鲁西郡、凯尔纳冯夏尔郡、麦里昂斯郡、塞勒狄琼郡和凯尔马瑟夏尔郡这块地区），并且在两年之后透过《罗德兰法令》（Statute of Rhuddlan）确立了爱德华一世对此地的统治。
为了平息威尔士人，爱德华一世出生于威尔士的儿子（后来的爱德华二世）在1301年2月7日这天被封为威尔士亲王。
这块直接在王室统治下的地区，便称作威尔士公国（1284年—1536年）。
将威尔士亲王这个头衔封给英国君主的长子便成为了传统，到现今都还持续实行中。
从1284年到1536年之间，英国君主只有对威尔士公国有直接的控制权，而其他边界地区的领主则独立于王权之外（他们统治有威尔士东部和南部地区）。
1536年颁布的《联合法案》才进一步完成了英格兰和威尔士在政治和行政上的统一。
这个联合法案将威尔士划分为13个郡，分别是：安格鲁西郡、布莱根郡、凯尔纳冯郡、卡尔狄更郡、凯尔马瑟郡、丹比夫郡、佛林特郡、葛莱摩根郡、麦里昂斯郡、蒙茅斯郡、蒙哥马里郡、彭布鲁克郡和拉德诺郡。
英美概况期末考试复习范围(答案)
英美概况期末考试复习范围选择题部分需准备的内容：1.P3: British Isles are made of ?a)The British Isles are made up of two large islands and hundreds of small ones.The twolarge island islands are Great Britain and Ireland.b)英国由两块大岛屿和上百的小岛屿组成。
两块大岛屿分别是大不列颠和爱尔兰2.P10: average rainfall in Britaina)The average annual rainfall in Britain is over 1,000 min.b)英国年降水量是1,000毫米3.P12: Anglo-Saxons (laid the foundation of the English states)a)The English are Anglo-Saxons,...b)英国是由盎格鲁-撒克逊人建立的。
4.P18: Celts’ religiona)The Celts' religion was Druidism.b)柯尔特人的宗教是德鲁伊教5.P20: three Teutonica)In the mid-5th century a new wave of invaders, Jutes, Saxons, and Angles came to Britain.b)三支日耳曼部族：朱特，撒克逊和盎格鲁6.P21: Saxons established their kingdom in?a)Then the Saxons,users of the short-sword from northern Germany,established theirkingdoms in Essex,Sussex and Wessex.b)撒克逊人在伊赛克斯，苏赛克斯和维赛克斯建立王国。
(0035)英美国家概况复习大纲
（0035）《英美国家概况》复习大纲考试内容：英国部分Chapter OneChapter TwoChapter Three美国部分Chapter OneChapter TwoChapter Three（注：考试不包含课本补充阅读材料）（0035）《英美国家概况》样题及答案一．单项选择题Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question. (15 points)1. The Stonehenge was the most shining example of people.a. Celticb. Anglo-Saxonc. Danishd. Roman答案为a 。
请按顺序将答案写在答题纸上。
如1. a 2. d2. In 1975, the first oil was brought ashore from the .a. Atlantic Oceanb. English Channelc. Indian Oceand. North Sea答案为d 。
该题共15小题，每题一分。
二．是非题Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them isTrue or False: (15 points)1. It was during James I’s time that England defeated Spanish Armada. (F)2. Cold war did not end until after the collapse of Berlin Wall in 1989. (T)请将答案按顺序写在答题纸上。
英美国家概况相关问题及答案
Midterm Homework1. What is the concept of World Englishes? What are the three concentric circles of the language according to Kachru? Which circle is the most important in your eyes? Why?①World Englishes refers to English-based creoles developed in different regions of the world and the emergence of localised or indigenised varieties of English, especially varieties that have developed in nations colonised by Great Britain or influenced by the United States.②The inner circle represents the traditional bases of English. The outer circle, which includes countries where English is not the native tongue, but is important for historical reasons and plays a part in the nation's institutions, either as an official language or otherwise. the expanding circle encompasses those countries where English plays no historical or governmental role, but where it is nevertheless widely used as a foreign language or lingua franca.③I think the inner circle is the most important in my eyes. Because the inner circle (UK, US,etc.) is 'norm-providing'. That means that English language norms are developed in these countries - English is the first language there.2. Is Hong Kong English a branch of World Englishes referring to the five criteria of World Englishes by Butler? Why?Hong Kong English is a branch of World Englishes referring to the five criteria of World Englishes by Butler.Reasons:⑴Hong Kong English has a standard and recognizable pronunciation handed down from one generation to another. ⑵It has particular words and phrases which spring up usually to express key features of the physical and social environment and which are regarded as peculiar to the variety.⑶It has a history-a sense that this variety of English is the way it is because of the history of the language community.⑷There is a literature written of Hong Kong English without apology in that variety of English.⑸Reference works, e. g: dictionaries and style guides, which show that people in that language community look to themselves, not some outside authority but to decide what is right and wrong in terms of how they speak and write their English.In conclusion, Hong Kong English meet the standards of the five criteria of World Englishes by Butler.3. What are the differences between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland in general?Northern Ireland is a province of the UK, while the Republic of Ireland is anindependent nation in its own right. The area covering the Republic of Ireland is 5 times of that of Northern Ireland. Most of the people in Northern Ireland are Protestants while the majority of the people in the Republic are Catholics.4. Is Fiscal/budget Deficit good or bad for economy? Take America as an example.①Fiscal/budget deficit does not necessarily mean a bad issue for the economy, if the money that Government has borrowed is used to increase the production which in turn contains any inflationary pressure. However, a large and persistent fiscal deficit can be a sign of worry. It indicates that the Government is spending money on unproductive programmes which do not increases economic productivity. High fiscal deficit significantly increases the chances of inflation in the economy which is an invisible tax on the individual.②Now the American deficit fell quite a bit in 2013. With the strong economic growth and rising incomes, fiscal deficit gets relieved.5. What are the Social Returns of education according to Educational Economics? According to Educational Economics, the explanation of Social Returns of education are as follows.First,spillover or externality impacts more degreed individuals in a regional economy.Positive feedback loops put the region on a faster growth track.Second,there are non-monetized bebefits-- less crime, more civic participation, lower dependence on safety nets, better health outcomes, more charitable giving.6. Please list three American films of 2013 that impressed you and explain which American film in 2013 is the most successful in terms of your taste? What makes the success of the film?①Pacific Rim②Despicable Me 2③White House DownIn terms of my taste, I hold the view that Despicable Me 2 is the most successful American film in 2013. Despicable Me 2 is a 2013American 3D computer-animated action comedy film and the sequel to the 2010 animated film Despicable Me. Its plots and scores do attract me.This film is extremely funny and cute.I think the minions make the success of the film. They are so hilarious that they are my favorite roles.。
英语国家概况复习整理
英语国家概况复习整理英语国家概况复习整理一、单选题知识点：1.英国部分英国的主要岛屿：Great Britain and IrelandEdinburgh(爱丁堡)是苏格兰的首都英国有超过60 million的人口Northern Ireland是4个英国组成部分中最小的一个1/4 人口住在southeastern England英语属于Indo-European 语系中的Germanic(日耳曼语)基督教额引入为英国添加了第一笔 Latin and Greek色彩中世界英语被Norman influence强化塞缪尔.约翰逊的词典的意义是建立了Spelling的标准目前，将近a quarter的世界人口讲英文The Gremanic对罗马的进攻结束了罗马人占领英国在7世纪晚期，Roman Christianity(天主教会)处于英格兰的主导地位Westminster Abbey(威斯敏斯特教堂)建立在Edward the confessor(忏悔者爱德华)时期The Norman conquest 标志着Feudalism(封建制度)在英国的建立玫瑰花战争带来the House of Tudor的统治宗教改革(Religious Reformation)的直接原因是亨利三世国王divorce his wife英国革命在1642年爆发于Royalists and Parliamentarians(保皇党人和国会议员)之间Bill of Right(人权法案)在Glorious Revolution (光荣革命)后被通过19世纪中期英国的Industrial Revolution完成英国在20世纪初期面临着强烈的全球帝国统治挑战英国政府的三权分立：judiciary(司法),legislature(立法)及executive(行政)，而不包括momarchy(君主) 英国君主的重要性体现在他在public attitude方面的影响British Cabinet(内阁)在Collective responsibility(集体负责制)的原则下工作英国Priry Council(枢密院)的主要责任是Give advice英国议会大选每5年举行一次Scotland拥有建立在罗马法律基础上的独特的法律系统英国议会的经营是two-party(两党的)模式保守党的政策是典型的Pragmatism(实用主义)和a belief in individualism(个人主义的信仰)工会党(The Labor Prty)的影响是建立了全国健康服务体制(National Health Service)英国经济到1800s实现了全球统治在1946年，英国议会通过了两个重要法案，建立了福利规定1970s早期的The oil crisis(石油危机)恶化了本来已经不景气的英国经济布莱尔政府没有在reducing inequality方面获得成功英国开垦了74%的土地用于发展农业英国的渔业地区不包括The sea area between Britain and Ireland在英国，煤矿产业提供了1/4的能源英国汽车产业几乎全部是Foreign-owned(外企)英国文艺复兴时期最光辉的成就是drama(戏剧)"Preface to Lyrical Ballads"是浪漫诗的开篇之作Thomas Hardy 是19世纪批判现实主义的代表Waiting for Godot是Samuel Bekett 写的2.美国部分美国大陆上有48个statesAlaska是最大的州美国在 central North America ,加拿大在它的北面，墨西哥在南面，大西洋在它的东面，太平洋在它的西面美国最大的河流是Mississippi River哈佛、耶鲁和MIT等著名大学位于New EnglandNiagara Falls(尼亚加拉瀑布)位于美国-加拿大边境上阿拉斯加人口中没有the Blacks美国最大的少数民族是the Blacks1924年的移民法案限制美国的进一步移民，尤其是来自欧洲的美国文化主流的特点是：English-speaking,Western European,Protestant and Middle-class第一个北美殖民地建立在Jamestorn,VirginiaPilrim Fathers 是一群Paritans(清教徒)，他们为了逃避在英国的迫害而来到美国7年战争发生在French and British之间"No taxation without represtation"是The people of 13 colonies的口号美国独立战争的第一枪在Lexingto (列克星顿)打响1775年5月，The second continenta congrsee 在Philadelphia举行林肯签发了Declaration of Independence承诺给予所以奴隶自由第二次世界大战开始时，美国是neutrality(中立的)政策Roosevelt(罗斯福)新政处理了大萧条的问题越南战争继续受Eisenhower,kennedy and johnson的影响美国的ore(矿石)只占世界很小部分现代美国经济经历了faming economy,handcraft economy,最终形成industrial economy第一家国家银行是在Alexander Hamilton时期建立的美国1/3粮食用于出口目前，美国出口占世界10%美国常规教育包括elementary,secondary and higher education美国高等教育开始于Harvard University 的建立MIT没有出过总统美国国庆节在July 4thWashington Irving 是美国文学之父Tony Morrison是第一个获得诺贝尔奖文学奖的非裔美国人二、名词解释：1. American Civil War(美国内战)American Civil War is a war that was fought in the US between 1861 and 1865 when 11 southern states rebelled against the federal government. The southern states were beaten, and as a result of the war, slaves became free.2.Melting pot and salad(大熔炉)The melting pot is an analogy for the way in which homogeneous societies develop, in which the ingredients in the pot (people of different cultures, races and religions) are combined so as to develop a multi-ethnic society. The term, which originates from the United States, is often used to describe societies experiencing large scale immigration from many different countries.3.American Constitution(美国宪法)American Constitution，which was drawn up in 1787 and came into effect in 1789,is the basic law of the land.For over two centuries,it has guided the development of government institution and has the basis for the nation，s political stability,economic growth and social progress.4.Cold War(冷战)In the spring of 1947 ,for the purpose of establishing theU.S.hegenmiony(霸权) in postwar world,President Truman declared the "Tueman Doctrine",aiming at expanding American sphere of influence.This marked the beginning of the Cold War period.the Cold War exerted great influence in Europe,and two Germanys were founded.Then,in April 1949,the U.S.allied with other Western countries,forming the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.While seeking to prevent Communist ideology from gaining further adherents(追随者) in Europe, the U.S.also responded to the challenges elsewhere.5.Thanksgiving(感恩节)Thanksgiving is a associated with the time when Europeans first came to the New World.In1620,the Mayflower arrived and brought about 150 Pilgrims.Life at the beginning was very hard and there was not enough food,so many of them died.During the following summer the Native Americans helped them and then they had a bountiful harvest.So they held a big celebration to thank God and the Native Americans.6.British Labor Party(英国工会党)British Labor Party known as a party of high taxation,was created by the growing trade union movement at the end of the 19th century.It quickly replaced the Liberal Party as one of the two largest political parties.The Labor government that come to power in 1945 had a major effort on British society. It set up the National Health Service.The party activities are largely funded by the trade unions.7.British Conservative Party(英国保守党)By and large, the Conservative Party is supported by those who have something to "conserve".Economically,the Conservative Party supports free enterprise and privatization of state-owned enterprise.It is against too much governmentintervention,especially nationalization.The Conservative Party favors reducing the influence of trade unions and minimizing expenditures on social welfare.Its policies are charactized by pragmatism and a belied in individualism./doc/604515591.html,monwealth of Nations（联邦国家）The Commonwealth of Nations is a voluntary association of independent sovereign statse,all of which acknowledge the British monarch as the head.The Commonwealth is not a political union of any sort,and its member states have full autonomy to manage their internal and external affairs.It is primarily an organization in which countries with diverse economic backgrounds have an opportunity for close and equal interaction after gaining independence.The major activities of the Commonwealth are designed to advocate democracy,human rights,and to promote economic cooperation and growth within its members.9.Critical Realism(批判现实主义)The Critical Realism of the 19th centry flourished in the 1840s and the early 1850s.The Critical Realism described the chief traits of the society and criticized the capitalist system from a democratic viewpoint.The greatest English realist was Charles Dickens.10.Standard English (标准英语)Standard English is based on the speech of the upper class of southeastern England.It is widely used in media and taught at school .It is preferred by the educated,middle-class people .It has developed and has been promoted as a model for correct British English .It is also the norm carried overseas.Today Standard English is codified to the extent that the grammar and vocabularyare much the same everywhere in the world where English is thought and used.三、简答题：1.what is the full name of the UK?The full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2.why do tourists from all over the world like to go to Scotland?They like to enjoy the beautiful Scottish scenery ,to drink Scotch whisky and to see Scotsmen wearing kilts and playing bagpipes.3.How many periods can the development of the English language be divided into and what are they ?The development of the English language can be divided into three periods : Old English ,Middle English and Modern English.4.Why did English become more important after the Black Death?The laboring and merchant classes grew in economic and social importance after the Black Death,so English also grew in importance compare to French.。
英语国家概况选择题全文剖析
可编辑修改精选全文完整版C h a p t e r 11.The two main islands of the British Isles are A .不列颠群岛的两个主要岛屿是A. Great Britain and IrelandB. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD. Great Britain and England2. B is the capital city of Scotland.是苏格兰的首府A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. AberdeenD.Cardiff3.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, D is the smallest.在英国的四个部分中，是最小的A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland4.English belongs to the C group of Indo-European family oflanguages.英语属于印欧语系语系A. CelticB. Indo-IranianC. GermanicD. Roman5.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of Dwords to English.基督教传入英国，增加了英语的第一个元素。
A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek6.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the A influence.中间英语的演变因影响而增强A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish7.Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form ofC .塞缪尔约翰逊的字典对建立标准形式有很大影响A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD. pronunciation8.At present, nearly C of the world’s population communicate inEnglish.世界上几乎人都用英语交流。
英美国家概况20道选择题讲解
20道选择题讲解全部题目用英文作答，并将答案写在答题纸的相应位置上，否则不计分。
I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answer to the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, 1 point for each)英国部分·1-201. Which of the following is true about the British Commonwealth?A. Members of nations are joined together politically.B. The Commonwealth has special powers.C. The decision to become a member of the Commonwealth is made by Britain.D. It is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain.答案：【D】【翻译】英联邦是一个自由的组织，成员大多是英国早前的殖民地国家，现都已独立。
2. Under_ ，the feudal system in England was completely established.A. King AlfredB. Henry IIC. Edward ID. William the Conqueror答案：【D】【翻译】在威廉的统治下，英国的封建制度彻底建立起来。
英美国家概况复习资料
英美国家概况复习资料《英美国家概况》I.Multiple Choices:Choose one right answer from the four choices:1.The highest mountain in Britain is____.A.ScafellB.Ben NevisC.the CotswoldsD.the Forth2.The longest river in Britain is_____.A.the ClydeB.the MerseyC.the SevernD.the Thames3.The largest lake in Britain is_____.A.the Lough NeageB.Windermere WaterC.Coniston WaterD.the Lake District4.Which part of Britain is always fighting?A.EnglandB.ScotlandC.WalesD.Northem Ireland5.The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from_____.A.EuropeB.the United StatesC.AfricaD.the West Indies,6.The first inhabitants in Britain were_____.A.the NormansB.the CeltsC.the IberiansD.the Anglo-Saxons7.British Recorded history began with_____.A.Roman invasionB.the Norman ConquestC.the Viking and Danish invasionD.the Anglo-Saxons invasion8.In829,_____actually became the overlord of all the English.A.JohnB.James IC.EgbertD.Henry I9.Christmas Day____,Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A.1056B.1066C.1006D.106010.Henry II was the first king of the_____dynasty.A.WindsorB.TudorC.MalcolmD.Plantagenet11.In1265____summoned the Great Council,which has been seen as the earliest parliament.12.The Hundred Years’war started in____and ended in____,in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of____.A.1337,1453,FlandersB.1337,1453,CalaisC.1346,1453,ArgencourtD.1346,1453,Brest13.The Wars of Roses lasted for_____years and king_____was replaced by king_____.A.30,Richard III,Henry TudorB.50,Richard III,Henry TudorB. C.30,Richard I,Henry Tudor D.50,Richard I,Henry Tudor14.The Renaissance began in____in the early____century.A.England,14B.England,15C.Italy,14D.Italy,1515.The English Civil War is also called_____.A.the Glorious RevolutionB.the Bloody RevolutionC.the Catholic RevolutionD.the Puritan Revolution16.In_____,a small group of Puritans sailed from_____in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the North America.A.1620,LondonB.1620,PlymouthC.1720,LondonD.1720,Plymouth17.In the18th century,there appeared____in England,which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A.the Industrial RevolutionB.the Bourgeois RevolutionC.the Wars of the RosesD.the Religious Reformation18.English colonial expansion began with the colonization of_____in1583.A.CanadaB.AustraliaC.IndiaD.Newfoundland19._____was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A.Edward VIIIB.Edward VIIC.George VID.George VII20.In January_____Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A.1957B.1967C.1973D.197921.soon after_____,Britain not only gave up its econmic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership.A.1900B.the First World WarC.the Second World WarD.196022.In the1970s among the developed countries,Britain maintained the lowest_____rate and the highest_____rate.A.inflation,growthB.growth,inflationC.growth,divorceD.growth,birth23.The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except_____.A.the exhaustion of old minesB.costly extractionB. C.little money being invested D.the labour shortage24.Britain’s foreign trade is mainly with_____.A.developing countriesB.other Commonwealth countriesC.other developed countriesD.EC25.The House of Lords is presided over by_____.A.the Lord ChancellorB.the QueenC.the Archbishop of CanterburyD.the Prime Minister26.A General Election is held every_____years and there are_____members of Parliaments are elected.A.five,600B.five,650C.five,651D.four,65127.The Prime Minister is appointed by_____and he or she always sits in_____.A.the Archbishop of Canterbury,the House of CommonsB.the Archbishop of Canterbury,the House of LordsC.the Queen,the House of CommonsD.the Queen,the House of Lords28.The ultimate authority for law-making resides in_____.A.the QueenB.the CabinetC.the House of LordsD.the House of Commons29.The sources of British law include_____.A.statutes,common law,equity law and European Community lawB.statutes,common law and equity lawC.statutes,common law and European Community lawD.a complete code and statutes30.In criminal trials by jury,_____passes sentenced and_____decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A.the judge,the juryB.the judge,the judgeC.the jury,the juryD.the Lord Chancellor,the jury答案I.Multiple Choices:Choose one right answer from the four choices.1.B2.C3.A4.D5.D6.C7.A8.C9.B10.D11.D12.B13.A14.C15.D16.B17.A18.D19.A20.CII.Fill in the blanks:1.Ceographically speaking,the north and west of Britain are_______,while the east and south-east are mostly______.2.Welsh is located in the______of Great Britain.3.The ancestors of the English______,while the Scots,Welsh and Irish the______.4.In the mid-5th century,three Teuronic tribes______,_____,and_____invaded Britain.Among them,the_____gave their name to English people.5.The battle of_______witnessed the death of Harold in October,1066.6.Under William,the______system in England was completely established.7.The property record in William’s time is known as______,which was compiled in_____.8._____’s grave became a place of pilgrimage in and beyond chaucer’s time after he was murdered.9.______was the deadly bubonic plague,which reduced England’s population from four million to______million by the end of the14th century.10.One of the consequences of the Uprising of1381was the emergence of a new class of______farmers.11.James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in______.12.During the Civil War,the Cavaliers supported________,while the Roundheads supported_______.13.After the Civil War,Oliver Cromwell declared England a______,later,he became_________.14.In1707,the Act of_______united England and______.15.The two parties originated with the Glorious Revolution were_____and_______.The former were the forerunners ofthe______Party,the latter were of the______party.16.In1765,the Scottish inventor_____produced a very efficient_____that could be applied to textile and other machinery.17.After the Industrial Revolution,Britain became the“______”of the world.18.During the Second World War________led Britain to final victory in1945.19.In1974and1977,the two______shock caused inflation to rise dramatically.20.Natural gas was discovered in1965and oil in1970under_______.II.Fill in the blanks:1.highlands,lowlands2.west3.Anglo-Saxons,Celts4.Jutes,Saxons,Angles,Angles5.Hastings6.feudal7. Domesday Book,10868.Thomas Becket9.Black Death,two10.yeomen11.the Divine Right of Kings12.the king, the /doc/a916778775.html monwealth,Lord Protector14.Union,Scotland15.Whigs Tories Liberal Conservative16.James Watt steamengine17.workship18.Winston Churchill19.oil20.the North SeaIII.Explain the following terms.1.the Hardian’s Wall:It was one of the two great walls built by the Romans to keep the Picts out of the area they had conquered.2.Alfred the Great Alfred was a strong king of the wisemen.It was created by the Anglo-Saxons to advise the king.It’s the basis of the Privy Council which still exists today.3.William the Conqueror William was Duke of Normandy.He landed his army in Oct,1066and defeated king Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christams Day the same year.He established a strong Norman government and the feudal system in England.4.the battle of Hastings In1066,King Edward died with no heir,the Witan chose Harold as king.William,Duke of Normandy,invaded England.On October14,the two armies met near Hasting.After a day’s battle,Harold was killed and his army completely defeated.So this battle was very important on the way of the Roman conquest.5.Domesday Book Under William,the feudal system was established.William sent officials to compile a property record known as Domesday Book,which completed in1086.It was the result of a general survey of England made in 1085.It stated the extent,value,the population,state of cultivation,and ownership of the land.It seemed to the English like the Book of doom on Judgement Day.6.the Great Charter King John’s reign caused much discontent among the barons.In1215,he was forced to sign a document,known as Mangna Cara,or the Great Charter.It has63clauses.Though it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberities,its spirit was the limitation of the king’s powers,keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.7.the Hundred Years’War It referred to the intermittent war between France and England that last from1337to1453. The causes were partly territorial and partly economic.When Edward III claimed the French Crown but the Frenchrefused to recognize,the war broke out.At first the English were successful,but in the end,they were defeated and lost almost all their possessions in France.The expelling of the English was a blessing for both countries.8.Joan of Arc She was a national heroine of France during the Hundred Years’War.She successfully led the French to drive the English out of France.9.the Black Death It was the deadly bubonic plague who spread through Europe in the14th century.It swept through England without warning and any cure,and sparing no victims.It killed between half and one-third of the population ofEngland.Thus,much land was left untended and labour was short.It caused far-reaching economic consequences.10.the Wars of Roses They referred to the battles between the House of Lancaster and the House of York between1455 and1485.The former was symbolized by the red rose,and the latter by the white one.After the wars,feudalism received its death blow and the king’s power became supreme.Thdor monarchs ruled England and Wales for over two hundred years. 11.Bloody Mary Henry VIII’s daughter and a devout Catholic.When she became Queen,she persecuted and burnt many Protestants.So she was given the nickname“Bloody Mary”.Mary is also remembered as the monarch who lost the French port of Calais.12.Elizabeth I One of the greatest monarchs in British history.She reigned England,Wales and Ireland for45years and remained single.Her reign was a time of confident English nationalism and of great achievements in literature and other arts,in exploration and in battle.13.Oliver Cromwell The leader during the Civil War who led the New Model Army to defeat the king and condemned him to death.Then he declared England a Commonwealth and made himself Lord of Protector.He ruled England till the restoration of charles II in1660.14.the Bill of Rights In1689,William and Mary accepted the Bill of Rights to be crowned jointly.The bill excluded any Roman Catholic from the succession,confirmed the principle of parliamentary supremacy and guaranteed free speech within both the two Houses.Thus the age of constitutional monarchy began.15.Whigs and Tories It referred to the two party names which originated with the Glorious Revolution of1688.The Whigs were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Noncomformists. The Tories were those who supported hereditary monarchy and were reluctant to remove kings.The Whigs formed a coalition with dissident Tories and became the Liberal Party.The Tories were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.16.James Watt The Scottish inventor who produced an efficient steam engine with rotary motion that could be applied to textile and other machinery.17.Winston Churchill Prime Minister of Britain during the Second World War.He took over Chamberlain in1940and received massive popular support.He led his country to final victory in1945.He was defeated in the general election of 1945,but returned to power in1951.18.Agribusiness It refers to the new farming in Britain,because it’s equipped and managed like an industrial business with a set of inputs into the farm of processes which occur on the farm,and outputs or products which leave the farm. The emphasis is upon intensive farming,designes to give the maximum output of crops and animals.19.the British Constitution There is no written constitution in the United Kingdom.The British Constitution is not set out in any single document,but made up of statute law,common law and conventions.The Judiciary determines common law and interpret statues.20.Queen Elizabeth II The present Sovereign,born in1926,came to the throne in1952and was crowned in1953.The Queen is the symbol of the whole nation,the center of many national ceremonies and the leader of society.IVRead the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False:(20points)()1.The Bill of Rights is the term for the first twelve amendments to the Constitution.()2.The stock market crash in1929was the beginning of a long economic depression in the U.S.()3.George Washington was the first president of the United States.()4.The system of the parliamentary government of the U.K.is based on a written constitution.()5.Benjamin Franklin alone drafted the Declaration of Independence,and on July4,1776,the Congress adopted thedeclaration.()6.Britain was the first country to start the Industrial Revolution which contributed to the establishment of the British Empire. ()7.The word English means“the language that belongs to the Angles.”()8.The Pennines are known as the“Backbone of England”.()9.The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh Lake in Wales which covers an area of397square kilometers.()10.Both the First Continental Congress and the Second Continental Congress were held in Boston.()11.The American Constitution founded feudalism and introduced checks and balances.()12.The national church in Scotland is also the Church of England.()13.Of all the English university Oxford and Cambridge are the most prestigious()14.The House of Lords is now made up of two kinds of Lords:the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.()15.William,Duke of Normandy,founded a strong fleet which first beat the Danes at sea and he became known as “Father of the British Navy.”()16.Anglo-Saxons in Britain are believed to be ancestors of the Highland Scots,the Irish and the Welsh people.()17.After Margaret Thatcher was elected Britain’s first ever woman prime minister in1979,she adopted a new program to cure the“British disease”.()18.America Vespucci proved that the land discovered by Columbus was not Indian,but a new continent.As a result, the new continent was named after him and became known as America.()19.Declaration of Independence was formally adopted by the Continental Congress on July14,1776,a day which has been celebrated each year as Independence Day of the United States.()20.When the news of American victory at Yorktown reached London,the Parliament voted to end the War and peace negotiation began in1782.1~5FTTFF6~10TTTFF11~15FFTTTIIV Give an one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.1.What is the longest river in Britain?The longest river in Britain is Severn river.2.How long did the Wars of the Roses go on?The War of the Roses went on for30years.3.When did American Civil War break out?.American Civil War began in1861.4.What were the mainstream Americans called?The mainstream Americans are called WASPs.5.What does American Congress consist of?American Congress consists of Senate and House of Representatives.IIIV Write between100-150words on the following topic:(10points)Cold WarKey to Model2Some historians say that the world entered Cold War immediately after the Second World War ended.The conflicts arose basically from the separate concepts of postwar world order.The United States,relying on its large economic and militarystrength,tried to play the role of world police under the pretext of fighting against the Soviet expansion.The Soviet Union put forward the theory that there could be no long-term peaceful coexistence between socialism and capitalism and the Soviet Union should rapidly build up its strength for the final struggle against capitalism,represented by the United States and Britain.Cold War was characterized by international tension and conflicts without bloody“hot war”between the Soviet Union and the United States.Cold War did not end until after the collapse of Berlin Wall in 1989.。
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英美国家概括选择题The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Unit 11.Which of the following is not considered a characteristic of London? A. The cultural centre. B. The business centre. C. The financial centre. D The sport centre.2.Which of the following is not true about the characteristics of Britain? A. Economic differences between north and south.B. Difference of social systems between Scotland and Wales.C. Class differences between a white-collar worker and a blue-collar worker.D. Cultural differences between immigrants and British.6. The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by D.William the Conqueror.7. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?A. The Anglo-Saxons8. Which is the largest city in Scotland? C. GlasgowUnit 3 The Government of the United Kingdom1.Which of the following is not a characteristic of Britain government? A. It offers the Queen high political status and power. B. It is both a parliamentary democracy and aconstitution monarchy. C. It is the oldest representative democracy in the world. D. It has no written form of Constitution.2.Which of the following kings was executed in the civil war? C. Charles I3.Which of the following is not related to the Constitution? A. It is a written document which lists out the basic principles for government. B. It is the foundation of British governance today. C. Conventions and Laws passed by Parliament are part of the Constitution. D. The common laws are part of the Constitution.4.Which of the following statements is not correct? A. There are no legal restraints upon Parliament. B. Strictly speaking, the Queen is part of the Parliament. C. Parliament has the supreme power of passing laws. D. Parliament has no power to change the terms of the Constitution.5.Which of the following is not a true description of the Queen’s role? A. The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet. B. The Queen symbolizes the tradition and unity of the British state. C. The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister. D. The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.6.Which of the following is not a feature of the House of Lords上议院? A. Lords do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament sittings. B. It consists of the Lord Spiritual and the Lords Temporal. C. The lords are expected to represent the interests of the public. D. Most of the lords in the House of Lords are males.1.Which of the following writers was the most famous Scottish novelist? D. Sir Walter Scott.2.Several gifted women played a significant part in the 19th-century literature. Which of the following is and exception?A.Virginia WolffB.Emily BronteC.Jane AustenD.Charlotte Bronte3.Which of the following writers was not associated with Modernism?A.D.H. LawrenceB.E.M. ForsterC.Charles DickensD.Virginia WoolfUnit 7 British Education System1.In Britain, the great majority of parents sent their children to C. state schools. 公立学校2.In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16B. can legally receive completely free education.3.If a student wants to go to university in Britain, he will take the examination called A. General Certificate of Education—advanced高级水平测试结业证书4.Which of the following is Not true about the British education system?A.It’s run by the state.B.It’s funded by the state.C.It’s supervised by the state.D.It’s dominated by the state.5.Which of the following schools would admit children without reference to their academic abilities?prehensive schoolsB.Secondary schoolC.Independent schoolsD.Grammar schoolE.Which countries are permanent members of the UNSecurity Council? C. China, Russia, France, Britain , and the United State 联合国成员1.Which of the following is not involved in making the British foreign policy?A.The Queen of BritainB.The Foreign and Commonwealth OfficeC.The Prime Minister and the CabinetD.The Ministry of Defense and the Treasury.2.Which of the following countries does not have nuclear weapons capabilities?A.BritainB.The United StatesC.ItalyD.RussiaUnit 9 The British Media1.Which of the following is the world’s oldest national newspaper? C. The Observe2.Which of the following is the British oldest daily newspaper?D. The Times3.Which of the following newspaper is printed internationally?C. The Financial World.4.Which of the following newspaper is a tabloid? A. The News of the World.1.Which of the following sports was not invented in Britain?A.FootballB.TennisC.BasketballD.Cricket2.Which of the following is not true about football in Britain?lions of people attend the FA games each season.B.“Football hooligans” sometimes have violent clashes.C.It was invented by the Scottish people 苏格兰人发明网球D.It was once described as “beastly” violent英美国情选择题美国部分Unit3 America Beginning1.Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution?A.The American has the mixed blood of Europeans or theirdescendants.B.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans withAmerican Indians.C.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans withblack,D.The American had the blood of the English and theirdescendants only, 子孙，后裔2.Which of the following was not one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe?A.The growth of capitalism 资本主义B.The Renaissance 文艺复兴C.The Religious Reformation 宗教改革D.The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.3.The following were the main Reformation leaders except__A.Martin Luther 马丁路德B.Martin Luther KingC.John Calvin约翰·加尔文D.The English King Henry VIII 亨利八世4.The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except__A.George WashingtonB.Thomas JeffersonC.William PennD.Benjamin Franklin5.The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from__ D. John Locke1.Which of the following state refused to participate in the Constitution Convention? 宪法会议A.VirginiaB.Rhode IslandC.New YorkD.Maryland2.Which of the following statements is NOT correct?When the Constitution was written,A.There was a Bill of Rights in the ConstitutionB.There was no Bill of RightsC.The Constitution did not have any words guaranteeing thefreedoms or the basic rights and privileges of citizens, D.A “ Bill of Rights” was added to the Constitution 4 yearsafter the Constitution was made.3.The Bill of Rights consist of __ C. 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 17914.Which of the following is not guarantee in the Bill of Rights?A.The freedom of religionB.The freedom of searching a person’s home by policeC.The freedom of speech and of the pressD.The right to own weapons if one wishes5.The following were NOT written into the Constitution in 1787 except__A.The Bill of RightsB.The judicial reviewC.The political party systemD.The power of the president1.The “American system” of mass production was first used in __ C. textile industry 纺织业2.The United States had the first standard paper currency货币in __C. 18633.In which year was the United States rated No.1 in terms of production capacity in the world? C. 19454.Which of the following is NOT considered as part of the service industry?A.BankingB.Management consultation 咨询C.AirlineD.steelmaking5.The United States was rated fourth in the world in terms of land area and the size of population.6.The United States produces as much as half of the world’s __D. soybean s and corn 大豆7.Which of the following is generally considered as an important institutional制度的 factor that contributed to the success of American business and industry?issez-faire自由放任B.Bountiful resources 丰富的资源C.Vast dimensions 大规模D.Entrepreneurial spirit 创业者的，企业家的Unit 6 Religion in the United States1.Which of the following was NOT a Protestant denomination?宗教A.The BaptistsB.The CatholicsC.The MethodistsD.The Presbyterians.2.Which of the following is unconstitutional in the United Stated?A.Catholics can build their own schools and hospitalsB.Non-Catholics can go to Catholic-run schools.C.Public money is provided to support religious schoolsD.Women have the right to abortion3.Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs?A.ProtestantB.CatholicC.Islamic 伊斯兰教D.Judaism犹太教4.In the United States, people go to church mainly for the following reasons except for __A.Finding a job in societyB.Having a place in a communityC.Identifying themselves with dominant valuesD.Getting together with friends5.Which of the following statements is NOT correct according to the author?A.American mainstream culture is based on ProtestantismB.Protestant church is an established church by law in theUSC.The Catholic Church is the largest single religious group inthe USD.The largest church is of the Protestant faith in the US1.Which of the following is considered an American masterpiece?A.The Last of the MohicansB.The Legend of the Sleepy HollowC.“The Masque of the Red Death”D.Moby Dick 《白鲸》一条叫莫比·狄克的白鲸2.Which of the following was written by Henry David Thoreau?亨利·大卫·梭罗A.NatureB.Walden 瓦尔登湖C.The Scarlet LetterD. “The Fall of the House of Usher”.3.Which of the following is NOT an African-American author?A.Richard WrightB.Alan GinsbergC.James BaldwinD.Ralph Ellison4.The following authors were women writers who wrote novels in the late 19th and early 20th century with the exception of ___A.Emily Dickinson (1830~1886)B.Edith WhartonC.Willa CatherD.Kate Chopin5.The following writers represent new American voice except__A.Toni Morrison 托妮·莫里森B.Alice Walker 艾丽斯·沃克C.T.S. Eliot 艾略特D.Maxine Long Kingston 汤婷婷1.In the United States school systems, which of the following divisions is true? C. Elementary school, secondary school2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in American higher education?A.Universities and collegeB.Research institutionsC.Technical institutionsD.Undergraduate institutions3.Three of the following factors have contributed to the flourishing of large universities in America, which is the exception?rge universities offer the best libraries and facilitiesfor scientific researchrge universities provide student with “mainframe”computersrge universities offer scholarships to all studentsrge universities attract students with modernlaboratories4.Three of the following universities have large endowments form wealthy benefactors. Which is the exception?A.Harvard UniversityB.The State University of New YorkC.Yale UniversityD.Princeton University 普林斯顿5.Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except___A.InvestmentB.Student tuitionC.Endowments 捐款ernment funding6.A historic moment of the civil rights movement was the March on the August 28, 1963 when Martin Luther King, Jr delivered his “ I Have a Dream” speech.7.In January 1965, President Johnson declared“war on poverty”to eliminate poverty “by opening to everyone the opportunity to live in decency and dignity.”8.Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in the spirit of India’s leader Gandhi, Martin Luther King, Jr was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.9.The one group within the counter culture best known or their pursuit of happiness as their only goal in life was called the “Hippies”嬉皮士10.Which of the following had the title “the Wizard of MenloPark”门洛公园魔术师? C. Thomas A. Edison.11.The concept of the assembly line for manufacture was a notion borrowed by D. Henry Ford from the practices of cattle slaughtering house.12.How long did the Vietnam War last? C. about 20 years13.When did President Nixon make a trip to China to improve relations with the People’s Republic of China? A. 197214.Ronald Reagan罗纳尔德·里根used to be a sports radio announcer.15.Niagara Falls is located in the state of A. New York。