初中生应用文写作大全
语文应用文范文(通用8篇)
语文应用xxx 第1篇在阴山以北筑城障的事,《史记·匈奴传》有如此的记载:大初四年“汉使光禄徐自为出五原塞数百里,远者千余里,筑城障列亭,至庐朐”。
《正义》引《括地志》云:“五原郡相阳县(《汉书·地理志》)作稻阳县),北出石门障,得光禄城,又西北得支就县(《汉书·地理志》注作支就城)。
又西北得头曼城,又西北得牢城河(《汉书·地理志》注作虖河城),又西北得宿虏城。
”由此看来,当汉武帝时汉王朝在阴山以北筑了很多城堡,几乎是步步为营,把它的势力远远地推到阴山以北的地方。
一直到元帝时由于匈奴呼韩邪单于款塞入朝,才从阴山以北的城堡退驻军,但仍然保留着通烽火的哨兵。
《汉书·匈奴传》记侯应谏元帝的话,其中有云;“前以罢外城,省亭隧,今裁足以候望,·通烽火而已。
”这里所谓“外城”,就是阴山以外的城堡。
20.这段文字选自A.xxx《黄山记》 B.翦伯赞《内蒙访古》C.xxx《森林写意》 D.余秋雨《废墟》【答案】 B【分析] 由语段阅读可知,内容涉及对大青山下汉代城堡建筑历史的介绍,所以选B。
21.联系课文,以下表述不正确的一项是A.汉王朝非常重视阴山一带的战略防御。
B.与汉武帝时期相比,汉元帝时期,汉王朝在阴山一带的战略防御政策有所变化。
C汉王朝在阴山一带筑城障主要为防御匈奴。
D.汉代城堡完全遮断了汉与西北游牧民族的和平往来。
【答案】 D【分析】A项表述在原文中有《史记·匈奴使》记载、《正义》引《括地志》记载汉武帝时汉王朝在阴山以北筑城堡、汉元帝“保留着通烽火的哨兵”等内容中得到证明。
B项表述正确,是因为文中指出“由于匈奴呼韩邪单于款塞人朝”发生了形势变化,所以汉元帝时“从阴山以北的城堡退驻军”,显然其战略防御政策有所变化。
C项需整合文章内容,特别是注意“匈奴呼韩邪单于款塞入朝”,可知防御对象是匈奴。
D项虽然在文段中找不出答案,但阅读讲究“词不离句,句不离段,段不离篇”,本文一个重要观点是古堡“在民族关系缓和时期则是一个重要的文化交流的驿站。
初中英语应用文写作(共8篇)
初中英语应用文写作(共8篇)应用文就是指人们在日常生活、工作和学习中经常运用的文体,包括书信、电子邮件、通知、日记等。
一、通知通知是传达信息、布置工作、召开会议所使用的一种文体。
在英语里有口头通知和书面通知两种。
通知一般包括三个要素:①时间;②地点;③活动内容。
通知要求简练、用词贴切。
通知的具体格式如下:1. 标题:在正文上面正中的地方写上NOTICE。
2. 正文:说明通知的具体时间、地点、活动内容和注意事项。
3. 单位:发通知的单位一般写在正文的右下角。
4. 时间:发通知的时间一般写在正文的左下角。
实例解析请以下面内容写一则通知:学校定于6月23日14点30分在学校操场举行毕业典礼。
请同学们穿好校服,按时参加。
分析指导写这个通知时,只要按照提示写清时间、地点和主要的事就可以了。
参考范文二、便条便条多用于同事或朋友之间临时通知或询问某事,包括留言条、请假条等。
便条格式近似于书信,一般由称呼、正文、署名、日期等组成。
写便条应注意以下几个方面:1. 日期:要写在右上角,便条的日期要写出月、日。
2. 称呼:称呼应写在第二行,要左起顶格写。
便条的称呼较为随便,如:Dear Mom, Liu Jun等。
3. 正文:正文应另起一行写。
用词要简明扼要。
4. 署名:署名要写在右下角,一般只写留条人的姓名。
实例解析Tony明天和父母去度假,他给朋友李雷留言。
请求李雷帮助照顾一下他的家。
内容包括:打扫房间,照看宠物,浇浇花等等。
开头结尾已给出,不计词数。
May 1Dear Li Lei,My parents and I are going on vacation tomorrow.I need your help. ____________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Tony分析指导写这个留言条时,可直接说明请求做的事。
初中应用文写作范文
初中应用文写作范文作为初中生,我们在学习生活中经常会接触到各种应用文写作,比如书信、通知、倡议书等。
这些应用文是我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分,它们既能帮助我们表达自己的想法和情感,又能让我们更好地与他人沟通交流。
下面,我将以书信、通知和倡议书为例,分别给大家展示一些初中应用文写作的范文。
首先是书信。
假设你是李华,你的美国笔友Tom来信询问你关于中国春节的一些情况。
请你根据以下要点给他写一封回信。
Dear Tom,。
I'm glad to receive your letter and I'm more than happy to share with you some information about the Chinese Spring Festival. The Spring Festival, also known as Chinese New Year, is the most important traditional festival in China. It is a time for family reunion and celebration. People usually clean their houses, put up red decorations, and have a big feast on the eve of the Spring Festival. During the festival, children will receive red envelopes with lucky money from their elders. Fireworks and dragon dances are also common activities during the festival. I hope this brief introduction gives you a better understanding of the Chinese Spring Festival.Looking forward to hearing from you soon.Best wishes,。
应用文写作范文大全(通用3篇)
应用文写作范文大全1建议书是个人、单位和有关方面为了开展工作、完成任务、进行某项活动而提出意见时使用的一种文体,有的也叫意见书。
写建议书要认真负责、严肃对待,内容要具体,语言要精练。
1.在xxx正中写“建议书”三个字。
2.写接受建议对方的名称。
3.正文:(1)建议的原因或出发点,便于对方考虑。
(2)建议的具体事项。
4.表达建议者的愿望。
5.结尾写表示敬意的话,如“此致敬礼”等语。
6.写上建议者的名称和写建议书的日期。
十、通知通知是上级要求下级或个人参加某一会议或者做某件事情时使用的一种文体。
通知的内容要写得明白、具体。
1.在xxx正中写“通知”二字,也可视情况写成“关于××的通知”、“紧急通知”等。
2.写被通知单位或个人的名称。
3.写通知内容。
如内容较多,可分条开列。
4.结尾可写“特此通知”等字样。
5.最后写上发通知者的名称和发通知的日期。
用公文形式发出的通知要加盖公章。
应用文写作范文大全2应用文写作建议书是个人、单位和有关方面为了开展工作、完成任务、进行某项活动而提出意见时使用的一种文体,有的也叫意见书。
写建议书要认真负责、严肃对待,内容要具体,语言要精练。
1.在xxx正中写“建议书”三个字。
2.写接受建议对方的名称。
3.正文:(1)建议的原因或出发点,便于对方考虑。
(2)建议的具体事项。
4.表达建议者的愿望。
5.结尾写表示敬意的话,如“此致敬礼”等语。
6.写上建议者的名称和写建议书的日期。
十、通知通知是上级要求下级或个人参加某一会议或者做某件事情时使用的一种文体。
通知的内容要写得明白、具体。
1.在xxx正中写“通知”二字,也可视情况写成“关于××的.通知”、“紧急通知”等。
2.写被通知单位或个人的名称。
3.写通知内容。
如内容较多,可分条开列。
4.结尾可写“特此通知”等字样。
5.最后写上发通知者的名称和发通知的日期。
用公文形式发出的通知要加盖公章。
应用文写作范文大全3决定是常用的一种应用文文体,决定具有权威性、指导性、稳定性、和长远性的特点。
初中应用文写作范文
初中应用文写作范文
亲爱的老师:
您好!我是您班上的学生XXX。
暑假即将来临,我非常期待这段时间,因为我有很多计划和梦想,希望在这个假期里能够实现它们。
首先,我计划利用暑假时间充实自己,提高自己的学习能力。
我会利用每天早上的时间进行阅读,扩大自己的知识面,增加阅读量,提高阅读理解能力。
我还会利用晚上的时间进行学习,复习和预习下学期的知识,争取在新学期里取得更好的成绩。
其次,我计划在暑假期间进行一些体育锻炼,增强体质,提高身体素质。
我会参加一些体育俱乐部的活动,比如篮球、羽毛球、游泳等,锻炼身体,增强体魄。
另外,我还计划利用暑假时间进行一些社会实践活动,增加社会经验,提高社交能力。
我会参加一些社会实践活动,比如志愿者活动、文化活动等,了解社会的各种形式,增加社会经验,提高社交能力。
最后,我还计划利用暑假时间进行一些旅行,开阔眼界,增长见识。
我会和家人一起去一些名胜古迹游玩,了解中国的历史文化,增长见识,开阔眼界。
总之,我对这个暑假充满了期待和憧憬,我会充分利用这段时间,充实自己,提高自己,实现自己的梦想和计划。
我相信,在老师的关心和帮助下,我一定能度过一个充实而愉快的暑假!
祝老师身体健康,工作顺利!
学生XXX敬上。
7类应用文写作范例大全,简明直观。助力中考
7类应用文写作范例大全,简明直观。
助力中考应用文在近年来的中考作文中不断出现,同学们只有熟知写作规范,正确运用,才能在考场上大展身手,脱颖而出。
这里整理了7大类常见应用文的写法和范文,简明直观,超级实用,赶紧收藏为孩子们中考助力吧!01 请假条格式①“请假条”三个字要写在第一行正中。
②另起一行顶格写上称呼,后面用冒号。
③第三行空格写正文,要写清请假的原因和起止时间。
④正文写完后要写上祝语。
⑤署名要另起一行靠后写。
⑥日期要另起一行写在署名的下方。
另外:留言条、托事条格式与请假条相同。
范例请假条张老师:我昨天在游泳池游泳感冒了,今天早上起来头疼,还发烧了。
妈妈带我去看了医生,医生说我需要卧床休息两天,特向您请假两天。
望批准。
学生:汤嘉慧6月8日【点评】该请假条清楚明了,指出了自己因为感冒发烧不能去上课想要向老师请假两天的事由。
整个请假条内容完整,结构清晰。
02 通知格式①在第一行正中写上“通知”二字,或“紧急通知”或“关于××的通知”,以引起读者注意。
②正文要另起一行空格写,写清时间、地点、事情、请谁参加、应注意什么。
但一定要简明扼要。
③正文写完后,另起一行空格写上“特此通知”。
④在正文的右下方分两行写出发通知的单位和日期。
⑤被通知的单位或有关人员,可以出现在正文中,也可以在第一行顶格写上,后加冒号。
范例通知校合唱队全体队员:校合唱队决定参加在市文化宫举行的国庆联欢会,请大家于10月1日上年7时在学校门口集合出发。
请全体队员按时参加。
校合唱队9月29日【点评】这则通知是严格按照通知格式来写的。
明确地指出该通知是发给校合唱队全体队员的,同时通知内容里面也包含了时间、地点、原因等,格式正确,整篇通知简洁明了。
03 日记格式一般在第一行居右写清某年某月某日,星期几,也可以写上当天的天气情况;然后第二行开头空两格写正文,有时也可以给日记加个标题,点明主要内容。
范例9月30日星期日晴不一样的中秋节夜幕降临,晚霞渐渐消失在天际,一轮圆月升上天空,把柔和的光辉洒向大地。
应用文范文精选(通用3篇)
应用文范文精选第1篇20xx年xx月xx日,在公众号里,有一篇文章叫做《应用文写作之技巧与效果》,这篇文章是在美国作家杰克伦敦写的。
文章主要讲了在美国的公众号里,有一位叫做马克的年轻记者在文章中提出了一个问题:“如果在写文章时,你要写什么?”马克一口气说了五个回答,结果是:如果要写文章就必须要写一篇文章,要写得生动,好记。
可是这篇文章是怎么来的呢?马克一口气说了这么多,还是不明白。
在文章的结尾,马克说,“我要把这五个回答写出来。
”这样的话说得好:“这五个回答都是应用文。
”“我想了想,说:“应用文是应用文写作的基础,应用文是用来应用文的最主要的一种方式,因此,我们要把应用文写成一篇文章,要写生动,有趣,还要有效果,这都要求我们把应用文写成一篇文章。
”这篇文章的结尾,马克一口气说了这么多,结果都是应用文,这都是应用文的成果。
而文章结尾就是应用文写作的结尾。
应用文范文精选第2篇优秀应用文范文篇一我对这本书的理解是这样的,应用文是指文字工具性文体,包括文字的文字表述、文字的内容、文字的表述和文字的表述。
我对文字工具的理解是这样的,应用文的作用主要包括文字的文字表述等。
应用文的学习方面,我觉得应用文的学习方面是这样的,应用文的学习方面也是这样。
上学期末,我通过上学期的学习,知道了应用文的写作方法,我在上个学期的学习方法的学习中,我学会了把一些比较复杂的知识点,运用在工作中;我还学会了把一些不明白的地方,一些比较难的地方用文字表达出来。
我还知道了应用文是指文字的表达,是用一个人的思想感情的表达。
我觉得应用文写作最基本的是一个人思想感情的表现,我在上学期的学习方法中,学会了把一些比较复杂的知识,运用在工作中。
我还了解到应用文写作的写作方法。
应用文是指人类以及对社会各个阶层的一种思想感情、文学表达、社会现象和人生观、价值观的表现形式。
我学会了用应用文的写作方法。
我知道应用文主要包括了文字的表达和文字的表达。
我在上个学期的学习方法的学习方法的学习方法的学习,还有就是用应用文的写作方法来提高自己的语言水平。
初中生应用文写作大全
初中生应用文写作大全
1.申请信
申请信是向组织或个人申请某项事务的信件。
一般包括自我介绍、目的和原因、能力和经验以及请求等内容。
2.求职信
求职信是向公司或企业申请工作职位的信件。
应该包括对公司的了解、个人背景与技能、表达求职意愿等。
3.邀请信
邀请信是邀请某人参加特定活动或事件的信件。
应该包括活动信息、邀请对象、时间地点以及期望回复等内容。
4.推荐信
推荐信是对某人背景和能力的推荐信函。
内容应包括推荐人与被推荐人的关系、被推荐人的优点与特长、以及推荐的原因等。
5.感谢信
感谢信是向对方表达感谢之情的信件。
内容应包括对方帮助的具体事项、自己对此的感激之情以及再次表达感谢等。
6.建议信
建议信是向组织或个人提出建议或改进建议的信件。
应该表达建议内容、理由和目的,并提供可行的解决方案。
7.投诉信
投诉信是向组织或个人反映问题或不满的信件。
应该准确描述问题、提供相关证据和细节,并提出期望的解决办法。
8.建议信
建议信是向组织或个人提出建议或改进建议的信件。
应该表达建议内容、理由和目的,并提供可行的解决方案。
9.道歉信
道歉信是向对方表达歉意和诚挚道歉的信件。
应该真诚道歉、承认错误,并提出补救措施和保证不再犯错。
10.宣传信
宣传信是向目标受众传达某个产品、活动或服务的信件。
应该简明扼要地介绍宣传内容和优势,并鼓励读者参与。
以上是初中生常见的应用文写作大全,根据具体情况选择适合的信件类型,保持简洁明了的表达,能够更好地传达想要表达的意思。
应用文写作范文大全(共6篇)
应用文写作范文大全(共6篇)应用文写作范文大全(共6篇)一、求职信范文尊敬的招聘经理:您好!我得知贵公司正在招聘研发工程师一职,特此致函表达我对该职位的浓厚兴趣,并希望能有机会加入贵公司。
我于XXXX年毕业于XXXX大学XXXX专业,具备扎实的专业知识和丰富的实践经验。
在校期间,我曾参与多个实际项目并担任要职,积累了较为丰富的项目经验和团队合作能力。
通过这些实践机会,我不仅学到了专业知识,还培养了解决问题和适应变化的能力。
我熟练掌握XXXX和XXXX等相关技术,并通过自学不断深化了对新技术的了解和应用。
我对技术的热情促使我不断追求创新,并在实践中积极寻找解决方案。
我相信,这种对于技术的追求和钻研精神将使我成为贵公司发展中的宝贵资产。
作为一个擅长团队合作的人,我注重沟通和协作,能够与不同领域的人有效合作。
在过去的实践中,我多次组织和参与团队项目,培养了较强的项目管理和协调能力。
我坚信,团队的力量可以创造奇迹,而我愿意为团队的成功贡献自己的力量。
我深知贵公司作为行业的领导者,一直致力于技术创新和产品研发。
如有幸加入贵公司,我将全身心地投入到工作中,为贵公司的发展贡献自己的力量。
感谢您在百忙之中阅读我的申请,期待能有机会进行面试,进一步交流。
如需要更多信息,请随时与我联系。
再次感谢!您忠诚的求职者,XXX二、感谢信范文亲爱的XXX:您好!我非常荣幸地收到了您的慷慨捐助,我写这封信是为了向您真诚地表达我的感谢。
因为您的帮助,我得以顺利完成我在大学的学业。
您的慷慨捐助为我提供了经济上的支持,让我能够专心学习而没有后顾之忧。
我非常感谢您对我的信任和支持,这使我倍感温暖和鼓舞。
除了经济上的支持,您还给予了我莫大的鼓励和信心。
我看到您对我的关注和支持,深深地感受到了您的慈善之心和对教育事业的热爱。
您的榜样激励着我,在我将来的人生道路上,我也希望能成为像您这样关心社会和他人的人。
再次感谢您的慷慨捐助和对我个人的关爱。
优秀应用文范文500字(优选4篇)
优秀应用文范文500字(优选4篇)(经典版)编制人:__________________审核人:__________________审批人:__________________编制单位:__________________编制时间:____年____月____日序言下载提示:该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的,希望大家下载后,能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改,请根据实际需要进行调整和使用,谢谢!并且,本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文,如工作总结、工作计划、合同协议、条据文书、策划方案、句子大全、作文大全、诗词歌赋、教案资料、其他范文等等,想了解不同范文格式和写法,敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!Moreover, our store provides various types of classic sample essays for everyone, such as work summaries, work plans, contract agreements, doctrinal documents, planning plans, complete sentences, complete compositions, poems, songs, teaching materials, and other sample essays. If you want to learn about different sample formats and writing methods, please stay tuned!优秀应用文范文500字(优选4篇)优秀应用文范文500字第1篇我家的小猫咪可贪吃了。
应用文写作(精选5篇)
应用文写作(精选5篇)应用文写作篇一通告:适用于公布社会各有关方面应当遵守或周知的事项,既可下行,也可平行,普发。
由标题,主送机关,正文和结尾构成。
标题有三种1完整式,由发文机关,事由和文种构成,如山西省人民政府关于收缴非法爆炸物品的通告2两项式有发文机关和文种构成,如南京市公安局通告,或事由和文种,如关于禁止使用实心粘土砖的通告。
正文包括通告缘由,通告事项,通告结语(意义或希望)通知:适用于批转下级机关的公文,转发上级机关和不相隶属机关的公文,传达要求下级机关办理和需要有关单位周知或者执行的事项,任免人员。
下行文,可平行。
适用于各级行政机关、部门。
由标题、主送机关、正文、落款四部分组成。
批转式标题举例:南京市人民政府批转南京市园林局关于创建全国首批生态园林城市实施意见的通知国务院办公厅——国办发,教育部关于做好高等学校招生…——教学,上海市人民政府——沪府发,江苏省人民政府——苏政发。
通报:适用于表彰先进,批评错误,传达重要精神或者情况。
重在报道,让下级机关了解信息,一般不需要执行。
下行文,可平行。
分为表彰性、批评性、情况通报。
表彰性通报:被表彰对象的先进事迹(时间、地点、缘由、经过、结果或影响);实际的经验和意义;表彰决定;希望和号召。
批评性通报:主要错误事实(时间、地点、有关单位或人员、过程、后果);平息错误性质;处理决定;提出希望和要求。
情况通报:主要情况(what,how,效果影响);提出意见和要求。
决定:适用于对重要事项或者重大行动作出安排,奖惩有关单位或人员,变更或者撤销下级单位不适当的决定事项。
下行文,要求下级机关贯彻执行。
由标题、主送机关、正文、落款四部分。
部署性决定:前言(决定依据、原因等)、决定事项(思想方针、任务措施)、决定要素。
表彰性决定:先进事迹(时间、地点、经过)、表彰决定、号召希望。
(国务院——国发,教思政,沪府发……)惩戒性决定:错误事实与性质、危害影响、原因;处分依据、处分决定;希望要求。
中考语文《应用文写作》专项练习题(含例文)
中考语文《应用文写作》专项练习题(含例文)1.假如你所在的八年级(1)班开展竞选班长活动,而你有意竞选班长,请你写一篇竞选班长演讲稿。
要求:自拟标题,自选角度;不要套作,不得抄袭;文中不要出现真实的人名、校名;不少于600字。
2.就你读过的某部名著,写一篇读后感,题目自拟。
不少于600字。
要求:可以针对这部名著的整体或其中某一个章节、片段来写;写出自己独特的感受,力求新颖,并联系个人生活经验来谈,但不能脱离原著任意发挥。
3.盼望艾青一个海员说,/他最喜欢的是起锚所激起的/那一片洁白的浪花…一个海员说,/最使他高兴的是抛锚所发出的/那一阵铁链的喧哗一个盼望出发/一个盼望到达学会选择是一种生活态度:你可以选择洁白浪花中的奋斗,也可以选择铁链喧哗后的满足......请以“我的选择”为题,以班上同学为演讲对象,写一篇演讲稿,可叙可议,不少于600字。
4.日益严峻的环保问题被社会各界广泛关注,生态文明在近年来已被上升为国家战略,在“环境保护月”中,请你以博雅中学八一班的名义,写一份环保倡议书,不少于500字。
要求:①应介绍倡议的背景、目的,这样才更容易让人理解和信服。
②应具体明确你所倡议的环保活动主题,并提出相应的具体内容与要求。
③应注意倡议书的使用场合与所针对的对象,尽可能做到表达得体。
④不得出现真实的姓名与学校、班级,涉及到学校名称一律用“博雅中学”,涉及到班级一律用“八一班”。
⑤倡议书不得少于500字。
题目自拟,卷面整洁。
5.4月23日是“世界读书日”,长沙市某学校拟开展“书香进校园”的主题阅读活动,初二语文组举行了讨论会,以下是讨论内容节选:刘老师:我们可以举办有关名著阅读的征文比赛,既促进学生的阅读兴趣,又与写作紧密结合,有效促进学生作文水平。
王老师:这个主意不错!语文教材第三单元的写作主题是“学写读后感”,我们可以把文体定为读后感,这样学生更能明确写作方向。
李老师:我们初二年级正在进行《傅雷家书》和《钢铁是怎样炼成的》的整本书阅读,学生可以围绕其中的一本名著来谈读书心得,将阅读落到实处。
初中生应用文写作题
初中生应用文写作题范例
以下是一道初中生应用文写作题范例:
题目:写一封感谢信
内容:你的朋友在你生病时给了你很多帮助,请你写一封感谢信表达你的感激之情。
要求:
1. 格式正确,语言流畅;
2. 写出自己的真实感受;
3. 不少于300字。
《感谢信》
亲爱的朋友:
你好!
我写这封信是想表达我对你无尽的感激之情。
在我生病的时候,你给了我很多的帮助和支持,让我感到无比温暖和感动。
在我生病的这段时间里,你每天都会打电话询问我的情况,给我送来好吃的饭菜,还帮我打扫房间、整理床铺。
你的关心和帮助让我感到无比温暖和感动,我真的很感激你的关心和帮助。
你的陪伴和鼓励也让我感到无比的安慰和力量。
在我最需要安慰的时候,你总是在我身边,给我力量和支持,让我感到我不是一个人在战斗。
现在,我已经康复了,我想对你说声“谢谢”。
谢谢你对我的关心和支持,谢谢你对我的帮助和陪伴。
我会永远珍惜我们之间的友谊,希望我们的友谊能够天长地久。
最后,我想再次对你说声“谢谢”,并祝愿你身体健康、幸福快乐!此致
敬礼!
XXX。
中考英语作文专题训练:应用文写作30例(含答案解析)
/ 中考英语作文——应用文写作30例1、李华想要参加学校的音乐明星(、李华想要参加学校的音乐明星(music music star star)评选活动。
假如你是李华,)评选活动。
假如你是李华,请根据以下信息(可适当发挥),写一封推荐信介绍自己。
要求:句子通顺,语意连贯,语法规范;字数50左右左右((正文结尾句已给出正文结尾句已给出))。
Name Li Hua Age15The reason (The reason (原因原因原因) ) you like music考生自我发挥Favorite musician Lang LangHobby(Hobby(爱好爱好爱好) )sing and dance,listen to music, have 200 CDsActivity(Activity(活动活动活动) )Wednesday: sing in the school music club weekends: play the piano and violinDear Sir or Madam,____________________________________________________答案解析Dear Sir,My name is Li Hua. I am 15 years old. (或:或:I I ’m a 15-year-old boy.boy.))I like music very much because it it’’s really relaxing and exciting. My favorite musician is Lang Lang. I like singing and playing music. And I can do them them well. well. I also like listening listening to to CDs. I have around 200 CDs. On Wednesday I often sing in the school music club. Onweekends I usually play the piano and violin at home.Music is my life. I hope I can be a music star in our school. Yours, Li Hua2、学校定于6月28日14点30分在学校操场召开全校学生大会,大会内容为远离毒品为远离毒品(drug)(drug)(drug),珍爱生命,要求按时参加。
应用文作文8篇
应用文作文8篇应用文作文篇1一、结构的含义和作用1、掌握结构的含义应用文的结构,是运用材料以表现主题的有序安排,是客观事物条理性在文章中的反映,为文章的组织形式和内部构造。
文章的结构具有两重含义:一是宏观结构,即文章的总体构思、大体框架;二是微观结构,即对文章的层次、段落、开头、结尾、过渡、照应和主次的具体设计。
2、了解结构的作用结构好比文章的骨架,是安排文章的具体形式,是将材料化为文章的手段之二。
结构是表现主题的手段,是准确表达主题的必由之路,也是引导读者领会文章思想内容的向导。
写文章只有找到恰当完美的结构形式,才能把主题和材料组合在一起,形成一个完美有机的整体。
其作用具体表现在:(1)使文章言之有体。
应用文大多有较固定的结构形态,它是人们在长期写作实践中经过选择,逐步找到的最适合表现某种内容的形式,也称之为“程式”。
如简报、书信和行政公文类文书,具有相当固定的惯用格式。
(2)使文章言之有序。
合理安排文章结构,就是根据一定的思路,将零散的材料组织起来,使之眉目清楚地成为一个有机的整体。
(3)使文章言之有文。
精心安排文章结构,可以增加文章的文采,从而增强其可读性。
二、安排结构的条件1.了解思路的含义及思路与结构的关系在文章结构的两重含义中,总体构思是具体设计的前提和基础。
总体构思也就是人们常说的“言有序”,是指对材料的安排要有次序,这体现了作者的思路。
思路是安排结构的条件。
1、思路的含义思路是作者思维活动的路线,是作者在头脑中梳理、组织内容材料的过程和结果。
它是作者对客观事物自身条理性的观察、理解。
作者思路清晰,结构必然有条不紊;作者思路不清晰,结构必然紊乱。
经过选择的材料,只有经过合理的组织安排,使之条理化、系统化,组成一个有机的整体,才能准确鲜明地表现既定的主题。
2、思路与结构的关系在写作构思阶段,作者的思维活动异常活跃。
确立主题,选择好材料,并进而考虑如何表达主题和如何安排材料,由此逐渐形成一条清晰、连贯、独到的思维活动路线——思路。
初中英语写作范文(应用文)
第四章应用文第1节书信精彩示例Dear Alice,I'm sorry to hear that you are not very well and feel unhappy. Here is my advice about how to keep healthy. A balanced diet can help you to keep in good health. You'd better eat more healthy food. It's good for you to eat a lot of vegetables, fruit(s) and drink milk every day. And you should do more exercise, such as playing ball games, running, swimming and so on. Good food and exercise will be helpful. You also need enough sleep. It's really important. What's more,keep yourself happy. Try to smileevery day. I hope you will be better and enjoy your life.Yours,Martin 牛刀小试ADear grandparents,How's everything going? I have just received my report card. I alwaysfeel nervous when I see the envelope from school, but luckily I did OK this time. My math teacher said I was hard-working. She was right. I have really been working hard at math. My English teacher said I was good at listening. My French teacher said I did better than before. My science teacher said I could do better. My geography teacher said I did best. The worst report was from my history teacher. He said that I was lazy, which isn't true, because I'm not interested in it. I only spent less time on it. Well, that's all the news I have now. Mom and Dad send their love.Yours,DaveBDear Yang Jing,I am really busy, but happy here. I have studied in Churchill Language School for two months. I couldn't completely understand the teachers in class, though I have studied English before. Their English is quite different from what we have learned at home. I'm very lucky because my classmates are really friendly to me and the teachers are helpful. After class I often talk with them in English as much as possible. When I have any questions, I ask my teachers and classmates for help. Now my English has improved a lot and I have fewer difficulties in class than before.Yours,Chen FangCDear Miss Wang,Teachers' Day is coming. I want to say “Thank you” for your teaching. You always work hard. You are very kind to us, though sometimes you are strict with us. You try to make your every class lively and interesting. You often tell us funny stories, teach us English songs, and play games with us. We also have English parties together. Thanks to your effort, we are all interested in English. All of us work hard at English and have made great progress. We all love you. Thank you for making English fun. Happy Teachers' Day!Yours,Li Hua第2节电子邮件精彩示例Dear Mike,From the TV I know many A/H1N1 flu cases are reported recently in the United States and many schools are closed as a result. I'm so worried about you. Are you alright? Are there any A/H1N1 flu cases in your school? Do you still haveto go to school every day? To stay away from the disease, you'd better stay at home as much as possible and not go to places where there are many people. Wash your hands more often tokeep them clean; Open the window to have more fresh air in the room; And eat more fruit and vegetables to keep yourself fit and strong. So far the disease is not so deadly as it seems to be. Do be at ease! Take care and you'll be OK.Yours truly,Li Hua 牛刀小试ADear Li Hong,I think some of us have the same trouble as you. Perhaps you may do as follows:First of all, you should keep happy, so you may not get angry with your classmates easily. You should be friendly to greet them when you meet them. Take an active part in group games if you are free. Help your classmates when they are in trouble. Don't laugh at them when they make mistakes. Don't disturb them when they are studying or resting. Of course, it is very necessary to learn to work together in your study. I am sure that if you are kind, friendly and helpful, you'll get on well with your classmates. I hope what I said can help you.Best wishes!Yours,EmilyBDear Andrew,I'm excited to know that you're coming to my school to study next semester. We are eager to have an international student in our school. Let me tell you something about my school life. We have 35 lessons for different subjects in a week. There are 7 classes a day, 4 in the morning and 3 in the afternoon. The first lesson begins at 8:00 a.m., and the last lesson ends at 5:00 p.m. The most popular subject among students is computer science. The teachers and students in our school are verykind and helpful. I'm sure that that you will love your school life here. I'm looking forward to seeing you here!Best wishes!Yours,Liu LeiCHi,Sandy! I hope everything is going well. What's your plan for the coming summer holidays?Some of my classmates would like to go cycling. Will you come with us?We are planning to ride to the mountains around our city. We hope to get away from our school life and get near to the nature and the fresh air. We hope that wecan relax ourselves. We'll start at 8:00 next Sunday morning. If you can come, pleaselet me know and we'll wait for you at 7:50 in front of our school. What's more, get everything ready for the outing, such as your sunglasses, hat, food and drinks.I'm sure we'll have a wonderful time.Hope to hear from you soon.Yours,Zhang Ping第3节日记精彩示例May2,2009 Friday FineToday I finished my P.E. test. As a boy I had two parts. One is the long jump, and the other is the 1 000m race. I did better in the 1 000m race. It took me 5 minutes and 20 seconds. But I didn't do well in the long jump. I only jumped 4.5 meters. I love sports. I often play football and basketball in my out-of-class activities. So I think I am pretty fit. This timethe P.E. test is part of the Senior High School entrance test. Most of us are serious about it.牛刀小试AApril 1st Tuesday FineRichard is my foreign teacher's pet. It's a little white dog with long furry ears. It often helps me do many things. This morning I would have been late without its help. I was still asleep after my alarm rang and it was Richard that woke me up. I was glad to see it waiting for me at the door when I came back home from school. It seemed happy, too. After dinner, I said to it, “Fetch me the book!” And it did it at once. While I was doing my homework, it was lying at my feet in silence. What a lovely dog!BMarch 26th Tuesday SunnyI got up early this morning and had breakfast quickly. Then my mother and I went to my grandmother's home by bus. My grandmother was glad to see me again. She gave me some candies and a cup of milk. She was really kind to me. At noon, we had lunch together. The food was delicious. There were lots of people. After that, I talked with my grandmother happily. Then I played games with my cousins. Finally, I went home with my mother, tired but happy.CMarch 15th Monday RainyThis evening I went to Li Jiang's birthday party. We sang and danced.We had a good time at the party. When I left Li Jiang's house, it began to rain. As it was so late, I had to walk home. On my way home, a motorbike ran by me very fast. It hit a boy at the crossing. But the motorbike didn't stop. Instead, it ran away. I felt very angry and wrote down its number:FD2819. I telephoned the police at once. Then I sent the boy to the hospital.第4节报道精彩示例What a good friend should be like Recently, we did a survey in our school on what a good friend should be like. About seven percent/Only a few/Less thanten percent of the students prefer their friends should be beautiful or handsome. About forty-eight percent/Less than half/Nearly half of the students think that their friends should be hardworking and good at their lessons. Sixty-seven percent ofthe students hope their friends should be fond of singing and dancing, and also they should be good at sports. Ninety-five percent/Almost all of the students agree that their friends should be not only lively, kind and helpful but also honest. Good friends should trust each other and share joys. I think to be honest is the most important for us all.牛刀小试AIs it necessary for students to do housework at home? Two students of our school did a survey about this. According to the result, some students (about 30%)thought it was not necessary for students to do housework. They thought it was the job of their parents. As students, their duty was to study hard. They had no time to do housework because of their heavy homework. However, most of the students (about 70%)thought it was good for students to do homework. Because they could learn a lot by doing it, and know how hard their parents worked. I think we students should spend some time on housework, no matter how busy we are.BIn May I joined in the Loving Travel which was organized by our city. The topic of the activity is loving parents and taking good care of the old people. About eighty senior citizens took part in it. First we went to Wuhan by bus, and then we went to Guilin by train. All the members were attracted by its beautiful mountains and rivers when we visited Lijiang by boat. The travel lasted five days. The old men and women were looked after very well. They are thankful to their children for their love. They hope more people could enjoy such love.CEnglish Reading Interests of Middle School Students Recently a survey has been done to find out the English reading interests of middle school students. In this survey, one thousand middle school students from ten schools in Jilin were interviewed. They were asked which they liked reading most among four kinds of English articles: news, stories, popular science articles and articles about ways of learning. The survey shows that more than half of the students like to read stories; almost 22% of the students say that popular science articles are their favorite; about 12% of the students are most interested in reading articles about ways of learning. Only 7% of the students enjoy reading news.第5节发言稿精彩示例Helping Each Other Makes the World WonderfulHello, everyone. I'm Li Zhi. It's nice to speak about help here. In our life we often help others and also get help from others. When we help our classmates with their study and other things, we can develop our friendship. If we give a hand to old people, we can understand the meaning of pleasure. I think we can get much when we help the people around us. As the saying goes, “Giving is much better than receiving.”Thank you for your listening.牛刀小试AHello, boys and girls, It's my pleasure to stand here for communicating. Some of you may have begun studying English when you were babies, but as for me, when I first touched English books I was already as “old” as you. I like English. Because I like reading fairy tales. I finished my reading on all Chinese fairy tales, however, I need more. So I went to libraries to find Fairy Tales by Andersen. If you want to learn English well, you can follow these ways: write a diary every day. You can record things you have done or useful expressions you have found. This is a very good way to remember words. OK, these are all I want to say, try your best to study English better!BSomeone says,“Time is money.”But I think time is more important than money. Because when money is spent,we can get it back by working hard. However,when time is gone,it'll never come back again. That's why we mustn't waste time. But there are still a lot of people who don't know the importance of time. They waste their time playing games,getting online and doing something else. They don't know that wasting time means wasting part of their own lives. We often say,“How time flies!” So even a second is very important[18:40.14] sometimes. We must make full use of time to do something useful. In a word,we must save time,and we shouldn't leave today's work till tomorrow.CHi, everyone, It's our duty to save energy and protect the environment. We can do some small things in our daily life. When we are leaving a room, we should turn off the lights. We can turn off the shower while washing our hair. When we go shopping, we should take our own bags. We can try to ride bicycles instead of driving cars or taking buses. We should stop using paper napkins and think of good ways to recycle paper. I think there are many other things we can do. If everyone makes a contribution, the world will become more and more beautiful, and our life will be better and better. That's all. Thank you.精彩示例Boys and girls, May I have your attention, please?There's going to be an English lecture on American social problems in our school hall at 3:30 p.m. on October 15. Mr Chen Jun will give us the lecture. He's just come back from a visit to the US. All the students of Grade 9 must attend the lecture. Please be there on time. Take careful notes while listening. After the lecture we'll have a discussion about it. Students from other grades who are interested in this topic are also welcome. That's all. Thank you.牛刀小试ABoys and girls,I've got something important to tell you. An open Chinese class will be held in the meeting room next Monday. It will be given by Mr Chen.All the other Chinese teachers will be present. Every student in our class must do the following things well:Clean the meeting room and keep it in good order. Get everything ready before class. Don't be late and you'd better be there before8:30 a.m. Listen to the teacher carefully. Put up your hands before you are allowed to speak. Be polite to all the teachers. That's all. Thank you.BBoys and girls, May I have your attention, please? I have some good news for you. The Students' Union is going to hold a party to welcome our American friends. The party will be very interesting. You can dance, listen to music, sing songs, play games and exchange gifts. Would you like to bring a small gift with you? Then you can exchange it with your new friends. Please sign your name and write a ew words which can express your best wishes. Anyone who wants to attend the party can go to the roof garden of the Main Building on Saturday evening, August 15. It will start at 7:30. Everyone is welcome. That's all. Thank you.CNOTICEDear students,In order to improve your oral English, our school will hold an English Speech Contest for the junior middle school students in Grade Nine in the school hall. It will start at 2:00 p.m. on November 8. Don't you want to take the opportunity? Please sign up before October 10. The top three competitors will win the prize and get nice presents. All the students are welcome to attend it!Students' UnionOctober 3 第7节倡议书精彩示例Earth HourEarth Hour started in Sydney at 7:30 p.m. on March 31, 2007. More than 2.2 million homes and businesses turned off their lights for an hour. A year later, on March 29, Earth Hour 2008 became a global activity and was supported by 50 million people from 35 countries. This year, on March 28, over 2 100 cities in 88 countries took part in it. And Earth Hour came to China. The activity aims to save energy and improve climate. We have different ways to spend the dark hours, such as having dinner with our family in the candlelight and sharing stories with our friends. We can also have parties or take a walk in the parks. Come on! Join us in Earth Hour2010!牛刀小试ADear schoolmates,After the terrible earthquake, our government has made great efforts to rebuild houses and schools. But we often think about the children in the disaster area. We should help them as much as we can.If you have many books, you can send some useful and interesting books to them. If you want to make friends with them, you can write letters to them. If you have saved some pocket money, you can share it with them. We hope children in the disaster area can live a happy life as usual.Students' UnionBDear schoolmates,We all know that the Middle School Games will be held in our school. I think it is a good idea for us to be volunteers to serve the event. For example, some plastic bags and packages can be seen in our school while holding the sports meeting. We should pick up the rubbish wherever we see it. Or we can do something helpful for theplayers when they need help. It's our duty to keep our school clean. It's our honor to help make the sports meeting a success. Liu DongFrom Class 8, Grade 9CHello, everyone,In order to create good network environment, I hope everyone can be a civilized Netizen. I have some ideas: First, please get the good information from the net and keep away from the bad net pages. Second, spend your time wisely and don't drop yourself into the net. Third, please chat politely, and don't meet net-friends without your parents' permission. Fourth, please respect everybody, and don't ask things that other people don't want to tell you. Let's make net-friend of our life and study better together. Let's make a good network environment.第8节启事精彩示例LostI lost a bag in our school library last night. There is an English dictionary, a watch and an Mp4 in it. Now I'm worried about it. If anybody finds it, please return it to me. I'm in Class One, Grade Nine.Loser,Li Hua 牛刀小试ALostJuly 5, 2010I was careless and lost a bag in the dining-room on the afternoon of the 5th. Inside the bag there were two textbooks,a dictionary and a key to my bike. Will you please send it either to the monitor of Class 1, Grade 3 or to me? Many thanks to the finder. Our classroom is in Room 401, Building 5.Lin DongBFoundA watch and a suit of sports clothes were found in the gymnasium on the morning of June 8th. Will the owners ring me up? My telephone number is 2284-3215.CJob WantedWe need an English teacher, but he or she must have some skills, because he or she must teach children from three to six years old. First, he or she must like playing with them. Second, he or she must be good at speaking English. At last, he or she should like singing and dancing very much. You can call Miss Hu at 306-5876.第9节便条精彩示例10:00 26th, JuneDear Richard,I am here to give you some cooling ointment, but you are out. I have to leave a message for you. Cooling ointment is a kind of useful medicine. Most of the Chinesefamilies often use it in summer. If you are unlucky to have mosquito bites and insects stings, just spread a little on the skin where it hurts. You can also use it when you are carsick or have a headache caused by the hot weather. It is not for eating. Be careful not to let it go into your eyes when using it. Make sure to keep it out of the reach of children. Wish you a wonderful time in Anhui!Yours,Zhang Xiaohua牛刀小试AMondayDear Mr Liu,I'm sorry I can't go to school today. I went for a field trip with my classmates yesterday. Unluckily, I fell off the bike and hurt my leg, but I wasn't badly hurt. The doctor asked me to stay in bed and have a good rest. So I have to ask for two days' leave. Thank you.Wang LeiBDear Miss Smith,You are invited to an English party held at Xiangbin Lake Hotel at half past six tomorrow evening. Quite a lot of friends will be there, too. I'll go to meet you at your hotel at six. We'll be very glad to see you.Li ChangCMay 7Dear Li Mei,I am very sorry I can't see you this afternoon because I have a high fever these days. And I have to see a doctor then. Perhaps I will have to stay at home for a good rest. Let's meet some other day. See you.Zhang Jie。
应用文写作总结格式及范文(通用7篇)
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初中应用文写作范文
初中应用文写作范文应用文是人类在长期的社会实践活动中形成的一种文体,是人们传递信息、处理事务、交流感情的工具;下面是有初中应用文写作,欢迎参阅。
门,可以说是生活中必不可少的东西。
每个人在一生当中,没有了它,什么都没有了……为什么会这么需要那扇门?那是什么门?我不知道,可是,却可以明白门的那一边是“光”。
出生时,婴儿紧闭的那双眼睛,是门。
可爱又不懂世事的婴儿哇哇大哭,因为,他们需要光。
上帝给予了婴儿光明。
他们努力的睁开那扇阻挡光明的那扇门。
轻轻地,毫无预兆性的打开了。
微微刺眼的光照进他们初开的瞳孔。
就这样,婴儿的人生之路,也并因为光——开始了!有些孩子常常在家长的监督下,努力的学习,夜以继日的学下去。
他们不会玩,不是他们不知道怎样去玩,而是因为人身自由得到了限制。
家长们只知道让孩子在“黑屋子”里面学习。
却不知道,拥有纯真之心的孩子会因为缺少快乐而痛苦。
当家长察觉到,孩子与常不一样时,会怎么想?是因为学习的压力过少?孩子还没有学习很充分?是不是还应该多买几十套练习题?有没有更多的年长的他们想到,年幼的孩子,从来都不知道什么是快乐?这扇紧闭的门,孩子是怎样用力,都无法打开。
孩子用急切又带有泪水的双眸去偷偷看自己的爸爸妈妈时,他们就应该知道,折翅的小鸟永远都飞不高。
自己是不是应该帮助孩子,打开那扇门!在门的那一边,孩子与小朋友一起吃零食,一起荡秋千。
身为年长的爸爸妈妈,会很开心吧!因为孩子的笑容,也是家长所等待的快乐的大门!有些孩子因为父母的争吵,父母的离异而伤心。
父母或许会把争吵后的气打在孩子幼小的心灵之上。
他们会因此而讨厌那些自以为是的大人们,因为他们从来不会尊重孩子,只会让孩子一一答应自己无理的要求——学习奥数,学习钢琴,学习书法……,当孩子没有取得优异成绩之时,会受到严厉的责备,更或者说是挨打!我想,这是有密码的大门,不属于孩子那纯真之心,而是家长们!所以,轻伤害过孩子们家长,把那扇尊重的大门打开!当然,在这里说了这么多,更多的“门”还没有一一谈到。
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初中生应用文写作大全以下是笔者为大家整理的关于初中生应用文写作大全的文章,希望大家能够喜欢!在应试教育的指挥棒下,如今初中生应用文写作的状况不是很乐观。
而应用文的写作对学生今后各方面的发展又极其重要,作为一名一线的教师,本人在如何提高中学生应用文写作思路方面,作了一点小小的思考,即教师要转变一下自己的教学观念,对应用文的写作教学引起重视;培养学生的兴趣,使他们不仅能写,而且也能写好。
关键字:应用文写作现状重要性培养兴趣一、现行初中生应用文写作的现状及原因分析应用文,也称实用文,是指在日常的生活、工作或学习中,办理公务、处理私事时所使用的一种实用性文体。
是在人类长期的社会实践活动中形成的,是人们传递信息、处理事务、交流感情、介绍经验、联系工作的工具。
从某种意义上来说,应用文是人们生活中最实用的一种文体,理应受到极大的重视,可事实却不容乐观。
当今中学生应用文写作的能力大大弱化。
就拿平时学生行为规范中的请假条吧,学生根本不会写正规的请假条,胡乱的涂鸦几句话,更有甚者,连请假的内容都讲不清楚。
班级如果要出一个通知,有的学生也是错误百出,就拿最近一段时间班级里后来申请争取入团的几个同学来说,连个申请书都不知如何下手。
这些幼稚的错误,真是让人啼笑皆非。
我们的语文老师在慨叹学生语文素养日益低下的时候,也扪心自问一下,自己是不是也应该反思一下呢?看到学生的表现,作为语文老师的我确实也深感惭愧,学生应用文写作如此苍白,跟我们平时对此文体的忽视有很大的关系。
追根究底,是语文老师都把语文教育当作了考试的附庸,在学生本已没多少精力对付语文,而作文又是学生的心头之痛的情况下,学生仅有的一点学习语文的时间,学习写作的时间,只好让位于考试作文的写作。
以致于跟学生日常生活密切相关的应用文写作就让学生自由发挥。
难怪连份入团申请都不会写的学生走入社会,让人们不禁又要口诛笔伐语文,感叹误尽苍生是语文了。
二、应用文写作对于初中生的重要性应用文的写作,对现在的初中生来说却非常重要,在我们现行的语文教材中,它的身影随处可见。
我简单罗列了一下:七年级语文教材有发言提纲、书信、公益广告、阅读笔记、心得笔记八年级语文教材有公开信、新闻稿、研究报告、前言编后记、导游词九年级语文教材有演讲稿、新闻稿、人物简介、倡议书、调查报告可见,人教版教材对学生应用文的写作,还是引起了极大的重视。
不过我们老师在近几年中考不考应用文的心理暗示下,把现行教材中大好的教学素材冷落了。
它主要表现在以下两点:(一)从实用的角度看,我们的语文教育是为学生走入社会服务。
新课程标准指出:语文教育应该而且能够为造就现代社会所需的一代新人发挥重要作用。
确实我们的语文教育是为学生的终身发展奠基,是为培养能适应社会发展的人才服务。
而语文又是工具性和人文性的统一,应用文正是语文工具性的体现。
如今的社会,人与人的交往日益密切,应用文写作更是衡量一个人基本语文素养的标志,从这一点来说,我们语文教师更是不能忽视这实实在在的语文资源。
(二)从中考角度看,作为老师更是应重新引起重视。
学生应用文写作的现状如此惨白,跟学生和老师的不重视有何大的联系。
但是究其根本原因还是受到了考试指挥棒的影响。
好在近两年我看到了一些中考试题中有了应用文的影子,这是很值得欣慰的,应用文写作的曙光出现了。
08年某市中考作文题:二选一其中之一就是书信的写作。
题目如下:书信是人们交流思想的工具,表达方式较为灵活,可以记述见闻,诉说真情,评论时事,探讨问题,说明原委。
请以“致××的信”为副标题写一封不少于600字的信,自主立意,自拟正标题。
09年某市中考基础题,综合性学习。
在端午节来临之际,班级准备编写一份《端午风俗》手抄报,特向全班同学征稿。
其中第三小题。
请你为手抄报写一则“编后语”,要求阐明编写意图,字数40字左右。
(2分)这个题目看起来很突兀,其实它的训练点在八年级下册第五单元综合性学习“前言与编后记”中。
书中原要求如下:分门别类辑古诗,训练要求以“古诗中的”为题,围绕你选定的专题,把你所记得的和能够查阅到的相关古诗辑录到一起,编成一本专题诗集。
……你还可以为诗集写一篇“前言”或“编后记”,说一说看书编辑的过程,以及对古诗的理解和感受。
根据阅卷老师介绍这个题目得分率相当的低,很多同学根本不知道何谓编后语。
其实这根本不是偏题怪题,训练点就在语文教材中。
所以说,无论从教材的编排,学生的实际,甚至为考试的得分,应用文写作应在作文教学中重新拥有一席之地,而不是被其他内容挤占得无容身之处了。
三、教师在平时的教学中如何提高初中生应用文写作的水平学生应用文写作的能力如此弱化,而应用文的写作对中学生又是如此的重要,那么我们作为一线的语文老师,应如何提高学生应用文写作的水平呢?我在近几年的应用文教学中做了些许尝试。
首先,教师应转变教学观念,把应用文写作的教学提到重要的位置。
尽管现行的教材对于应用文写作内容的编排,还是有着极大的关注。
但在实际教学中,我们老师往往对教材的解读不到位,对有的内容删繁就简,也有的只是罗列一下文体方面的知识,告诉学生一些理论上的技巧,就是所谓的纸上谈兵。
根本没有花足够的时间让学生自己去写,学生也就眼高手低,自以为这很容易,根本不值一写,造成了应用文“一看就懂,一写就错”的现象。
叶圣陶说过:写作系技能,不宜视作知识,宜于实践中练习,自悟其理法,不宜空讲知识,或以为多讲知识即有裨于写作能力之长进,殊为不切实之想。
应用文从不会到会并不是只要掌握其中所谓的知识就可以了,而要真正提高学生应用文的写作水平,必须花费时间让学生去写,在写之后,才能发现学生写作中的错误,才能使学生真正的掌握。
所以,我们语文老师应给应用文写作更多的时间,让学生去写,让学生在写中学会写。
巴金曾说过,“写吧,只有写才能写。
”然后,培养学生的写作兴趣,让学生真正喜欢应用文教师在平时的教学中对应用文的写作教学上的重视,是培养学生兴趣的一个方面,但是这毕竟只是外因,起到决定性作用的还是学生自己,只有学生真正喜欢应用文的写作,认真去写,应用文的写作水平才能提高。
和其它文体相比,应用文没有小说跌宕起伏的情节,没有散文真实细腻的情感,没有议论文汪洋恣肆的论辩。
它单调、抽象、甚至是枯燥的。
学生学习的兴趣不大,我们知道,在掌握应用文知识转化为会写应用文能力的过程中,离不开学生兴趣的培养,爱因斯坦说:兴趣是的老师。
那么如何调动学生的学习兴趣呢?我尝试了以下方法:1.情境教学,在课堂上进行应用文的写作应用文最重要的特点是实用,生活中处处都是应用文写作的场景,教师巧妙的结合具体场景,让学生写应用文,会极大的激发学生写作的热情,收到事半功倍的效果。
书信是我们最容易掌握的应用文体,可如今随着电子媒体的普及,学生写信的机会越来越少。
在课堂上我创设了一些情境,例如感恩节到了,可以鼓励学生给自己的父母写信,感谢他们的养育之恩。
学生在训练之前,教师可对书信的格式做一些介绍,这样,学生就不会草率地把新写满就行了,他们一定会觉得写这信不单单是一个语文作业,更是对父母一颗感恩的心。
教师在本堂课上的教学目标就这样轻松的达到了,同时对学生也进行了一次思想教育。
2.走出课堂,在活动中兴趣盎然的学写应用文《语文课程标准》指出:语文课程资源包括课堂教学资源和课外学习资源,语文教师应高度重视课外教学资源的开发和利用。
创造性地开展各类活动,增强学生在各种场合学语文、用语文的意识。
又指出要多方面的提高学生的语文能力,还应当争取社会各方面的支持与社区建立稳定的联系。
应用文写作可以开发课外的学习资源,让学生走近社区,参加各类活动,在活动中学写各类应用文。
每个学期结束的时候,学校政教处会让学生完成“假期五个一”活动,其中一项是完成一项调查报告。
学生根据自己家所在社区分成若干个小组,每组设定一个组长,带领组员对自己所在社区居民的不文明行为做一个调查,并给学生布置了以下任务:1.根据你的调查结果,写成一份调查报告。
2.针对你的调查报告,给全体居民写一封倡议书,拟一份文明公约3.写一份关于“文明从我做起”为主题的演讲稿4、拟几条关于文明的公益广告。
这四项工作可以小组内合作完成。
从新学期同学们上交的作业来看,大家都兴致盎然的参加了活动,小组分工合作出色的完成了各项任务,活动搞的有声有色,活动结束,同学们不光对调查报告、倡议书、演讲稿、公益广告等应用文体有了初步了解,还增强了自己作为社区一份子的主人翁意识。
3.合作竞争,在竞争中争先恐后的学写应用文初中生有着较强的好胜心和表现欲,因此,我有意的开展一些竞赛,来促进学生积极投入应用文写作。
例如九年级上册第二单元综合性学习中,有一个演讲稿的写作要求,在课堂内,我先和学生一起学习了写作演讲稿的一些技巧,首先,要先选好话题,话题应是大家感兴趣而自己又熟悉的有话可说的,有独立见解,有真情实感。
不要人云亦云,或者说假话、空话。
其次要做到观点明确,不能模棱两可,同时要条理清晰,示例典型,有说服力。
第三更重要的是要注意表达技巧的运用。
遣词造句要简明准确,设问要发人深省,比喻要生动形象,排比要富有气势。
接着我让学生在“笑对失败”、“善待他人”、“竞争与合作”三个话题中选择其中之一写一篇演讲稿,写完以后让学生进行演讲。
班队课上,每组一个代表代表组员上台演讲,学生代表评分,同学们争先恐后的上台一展自己的风采。
通过这个演讲比赛,同学们自然而然的知道了怎样的演讲稿,才能让演讲更出色,排比的修辞在演讲中更能增强语言的气势等道理。
在评比、竞赛、展示中,学生学习应用文的兴趣空前高涨,写作的能力当然也获得了很大的提高。
总之,采用丰富多彩的形式可以激发学生学习应用文的兴趣,应用文写作在教师的重视,学生的欢迎中,一定会重新焕发勃勃的生机。