考研英语阅读理解答案试题解析
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析（十二）
If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses。
Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses' convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. “Who is that?” the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, that's God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor。
考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析--2023年part4
考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析--2023年part4Text 4Several massive leakages of customer and employee data this year – from organizations as diverse as Time Warner, the American defense contractor Science Applications International Corp and even the University of California, Berkeley –have left managers hurriedly peering into their intricate IT systems and business processes in search of potential vulnerabilities.16. The statement “It never rains but it pours” is used to introduce[C] the threat from news reports.[D] the severity of data leakage.17. According to Paragraph 2, some organizations check their systems to find out[A] whether there is any weak point.[B] what sort of data has been stolen.[C] who is responsible for the leakage.[D] how the potential spies can be located.18. In bringing up the concept of GASP the author is making the point that[A] shareholders’ interests should be properly attended to.[B] information protection should be given due attention.[C] businesses should enhance their level of accounting security.[D] the market value of customer data should be emphasized.19. According to Paragraph 4, what puzzles the author is that some bosses fail to[A] see the link between trust and data protection.[B] perceive the sensitive of personal data.[C] realize the high cost of data restoration. [D] appreciate the economic value of trust.20. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that[A] data leakage is more severe in Europe.[B] FTC’s decision is essential to data security.[C] California takes the lead in security legislation.[D] legal penalty is a major solution to data leakage.Unit 14（2023） Part 4试题解析：16. 【正确答案】【D】【解析】结构题，题干中的“is used to introduce”表明本题是结构题。
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析（27）
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析（27）考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(27)In spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. There is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of difference” characteristic of popular culture. People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption” launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered “vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite。
” these were stores “anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping into a public and democratic act。
” The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization。
Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neithe r at unprecedented level nor resistant to assimilation. In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population; in 1900, 13.6 percent .In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents; in the 10years prior to 1890, 9.2 for every 1,000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation－language, home ownership and intermarriage。
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及答案分析
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及答案分析考研英语真题阅读理解试题及答案分析Being a man hasalways been dangerous. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females,but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. But the great universal ofmale mortality is being changed. Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girlsdo. This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys inthose crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, anotherchance for natural selection has been removed. Fifty years ago, the chance of ababy surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram toolight or too heavy meant almost certain death. Today it makes almost nodifference. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent ofevolution has gone。
There is another way to commit evolutionary : stay alive,but have fewer children. Few people are as fertile as in the past. Except insome religious communities, very few women have 15 children. Nowadays thenumber of births, like the age of death, has become average. Most of us haveroughly the same number of offspring. Again, differences between people and theopportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished.India shows what is happening. The country offers wealth for a few in the greatcities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples. The grand mediocrity oftoday―everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring meansthat natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class Indiacompared to the tribes。
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析（23）
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析（23）考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(23)Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human”，with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well。
The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-cooperative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “good and services” than males。
考研英语经济类阅读理解及答案解析
考研英语经济类阅读理解及答案解析考研英语经济类阅读理解及答案：SALLIE KRAWCHECKCEO of Citigroups new Smith Barney unitAS A TRACK STAR in high school, Sallie Krawcheck ranked among her states best at the high jump. But she hasnt jumped for anyone since, and her unshakable independence has propelled her career on Wall Street to heights unimaginable to a girl coming of age in Charleston, S.C., in the 1970s. Then, Krawcheck--always an outstanding student--thought mostly of cheerleading and "dating the coolest boy," she acknowledges. "She was in danger of becoming terminally cute," recalls her high school guidance counselor, Nancy Wise, who recognized Krawchecks potential early and stoked her business ambitions. Today Krawcheck, 37, is one of the most powerful women in the corporate world and a rising star.How far she climbs depends on how well she meets her latest challenge: closing the credibility gap at financial-services giant Citigroup, after government inquiries put a cloud over the firms reputation--and its stock. Krawcheck was hired in October from the independent stock-research firm Sanford C. Bernstein (where she was CEO) to be Citis designated savior. Citigroups proud CEO, Sanford Weill, personally wooed her, reorganizing a large chunk of Citi around her. Krawcheck is now CEO of a reconstitutedSmith Barney, which encompasses Citis stock-research andretail-brokerage operations.This large stage leaves Krawcheck outwardly undaunted. Shes relaxed and confident, with a self-deprecating sense of humor. She says shes "incredibly insecure," and has had nightmares in which she fails to win the respect of her new colleagues. But this soft-spoken humility belies a toughness present from the start. Daughter of a lawyer and sister of three more, Krawcheck learned early on to substantiate her assertions--or keep quiet."It used to get quite interesting around the dinner table," says her father Lenny, who practices law in Charleston. "Politics, relationships--you name it. It was every man for himself and awful tough to make your point." Jokes Sallie: "None of us could get a friend to come over for dinner."Krawcheck earned a journalism degree from the University of North Carolina and an M.B.A. from Columbia University. She went to work at Salomon Brothers but soon moved to Donaldson, Lufkin Jenrette, where she met her husband Gary Appel. In 1994 Krawcheck moved to Bernstein and dived into stock research. She began covering financial-services firms in 1997 and immediately became the most influential analyst in that field. During those years, Krawcheck earned Weills ire--and respect when she was later proved correct--by dwelling on the pitfalls of Weills acquisition of Salomon~~~~~~~~By Daniel Kadlec Time; 12/2/2002, Vol. 160 Issue 23, p52, 1/2p, 1c注(1)：*选自Time; 12/2/2002, p52, 1/2p, 1c;注(2)：*习题命题模仿对象2003年真题Text 2;1. The author begins his article by __________.[A]making a comparison[B]posing a contrast[C]justifying an assumption[D]explaining a phenomenon2. Krawcheck was chosen the CEO of the Smith Barney because___________.[A]the CEO of the Citigroup trusted her[B]she was thought to be able to save Citigroup out of trouble[C]she has wonderful experience in this field[D]she is the new rising star3. Krawchecks success depends on ___________.[A]how well she can regain the firms reputation[B]how well she can save the firms credibility crisis[C]how well she can raise the firms stock[D]how well she can fulfill her own plan and aim4. The previous days Krawcheck spent at home are mentioned to show that __________.[A] Krawcheck knows well how to prove her ideas[B] family members are always on different sides.[C]there is an air of freedom at Krawchecks home[D]they have a variety of topics at dinner5.From the text we learn that Krawcheck is ___________.[A]humorous[B]soft-hearted[C]sensitive[D]strong-minded答案：ABBAD篇章剖析*记述了萨利克劳切克成功的职业生涯。
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text3部分试题及答案解析
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text3部分试题及答案解析2023考研英语一阅读理解Text3部分试题及答案解析：Text 3If you’re heading for your nearest branch of Waterstones，the biggest book retailer in the UK, in search of the Duchess of Sussex’s new children’s book The Bench, you might have to be prepared to hunt around a bit; the same may be true of The President's Daughter, the new thriller by Bill Clinton and James Patterson. Both of these books are published next week by Penguin Random House, a company currently involved in a stand-off with Waterstones.The problem began late last year, when Penguin Random House confirmed that it had introduced a credit limit with Waterstones “at a very significant level”. The trade magazine The Bookseller reported that Waterstones branch managers were being told to remove PRH books from prominent areas such as tables, display spaces and windows, and were “quietly retiring them to their relevant sections”.PRH declined to comment on the issue, but a spokesperson for Waterstones told me: “Waterstones are currently operating with reduced credit terms from PRH, the only publisher in the UK to place any limitations on our ability to trade. We are not boycotting PRH titles but we are doing our utmost to ensure that availability for customers remains good despite the lower overall levels of stock. We are hopeful with our shops now open again that normality will return and that we will be allowed to buy appropriately. Certainly, our shops are exceptionally busy and book sales are very strong. The sales for our May Books of the Month surpassed any month since 2018.”In the meantime, PRH authors have been the losers. Big-name PRH authors may suffer a bit, but it’s those mid-list authors, who normally rely on Waterstones staff’s passion for promoting books by lesser-known writers, who will be praying for an end to the dispute.It comes at a time when authors are already worried about the consequences of the proposed merger between PRH and another big publisher, Simon & Schuster - the reduction in the number of unaligned UK publishers is likely to lead to fewer bidding wars, lower advances, and more conformity in terms of what is published.“This is all part of a wider change towards concentration of power and cartels. Literary agencies are getting bigger to have the clout to negotiate better terms with publishers, publishers consolidating to deal with Amazon,” says Lownie. “The publishing industry talks about diversity in terms of authors and staff but it also needs a plurality of ways of delivering intellectual contact, choice and different voices. After all, many of the most interesting books in recent years have come from small publishers.”We shall see whether that plurality is a casualty of the current need among publishers to be big enough to take on all-comers.31. The author mentions two books in Paragraph 1 to present ______.[A] an ongoing conflict[B] an intellectual concept[C] a prevailing sentiment[D] a literary phenomenon32. Why did Waterstones shops retire PRH books to their relevant section?[A] to make them easily noticeable[B] to comply with PRH’s requirement[C] to respond to PRH’s business move[D] to arrange them in a systematic way33. What message does the spokesperson for Waterstones seem to convey?[A] Their customer remain loyal.[B] The credit limit will be removed.[C] Their stock is underestimated.[D] The book market is rather slack.34. What can be one consequence of the current dispute?[A] Sales of books by mid-list PRH writers fall off considerably.[B] Lesser-known PRH writers become the target of criticism.[C] Waterstones staff hesitate to promote big-name author’s book.[D] Waterstones branches suffer a severe reduction in revenue.35. Which of the following statements best represents Lownie’s view?[A] Small publishers ought to stick together.[B] Big publishers will lose their dominance.[C] The publishing industry is having a hard time.[D] The merger of publishers is a worrying trend.答案解析：31.【答案】[A] an ongoing conflict【解析】本题为例证题。
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(十一)
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(十一)考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(十一)Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That pulsion has resulted in robotics—the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to e close。
As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronicsand micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy—far greater precisionthan highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone。
考研英语试题及答案分析
考研英语试题及答案分析一、阅读理解1. 根据文章内容，以下哪项是作者的主要观点？A. 教育是社会进步的关键因素。
B. 技术发展对教育产生了负面影响。
C. 教育的目的是培养全面发展的人才。
D. 教育改革需要社会各界的支持。
答案：A分析：文章通过多个段落阐述了教育对于社会进步的重要性，强调了教育在提高人们素质、推动社会创新等方面的积极作用。
因此，选项A 是作者的主要观点。
2. 文章中提到的“教育公平”是指什么？A. 所有学生都能接受相同的教育。
B. 教育机会应该根据个人能力分配。
C. 教育资源应该公平分配给所有人。
D. 教育应该消除社会阶层差异。
答案：C分析：文章在讨论教育公平时，强调了教育资源的公平分配，包括师资力量、教学设施等，以确保每个学生都能获得高质量的教育。
因此，选项C正确反映了文章中“教育公平”的含义。
二、完形填空阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项填入空白处，使短文意思通顺、完整。
In recent years, the popularity of online learning has surged, offering convenience and flexibility to students. However, it also presents challenges. One of the main issues is the lackof interaction between students and teachers. To address this, many educational platforms have started to incorporate more interactive elements into their courses.3. The rise of online learning has been attributed to its________.A. accessibilityB. complexityC. costD. tradition答案：A4. The lack of interaction in online learning is considered a ________.A. benefitB. challengeC. advantageD. opportunity答案：B分析：第三题描述了在线学习的流行，强调了其便利性和灵活性，因此选项A“可访问性”是正确的。
考研英语试题及答案详解
考研英语试题及答案详解一、阅读理解（共20分）1. 根据文章内容，以下哪项陈述是正确的？A. 城市化进程中，环境问题日益严重。
B. 城市化进程中，人们生活质量得到显著提升。
C. 城市化进程中，人口密度没有显著变化。
D. 城市化进程中，经济发展速度放缓。
答案：A解析：文章中提到城市化进程中伴随而来的环境问题，如空气污染和水资源短缺，因此选项A正确。
选项B、C和D在文章中没有提及，故排除。
2. 作者对于城市化的看法是什么？A. 支持城市化，认为其是经济发展的必然结果。
B. 反对城市化，认为其导致了一系列社会问题。
C. 中立态度，认为城市化既有利也有弊。
D. 未明确表达对城市化的看法。
答案：C解析：文章中作者提到城市化带来了经济增长和生活便利，同时也指出了其带来的环境和社会问题，因此作者持中立态度，认为城市化既有利也有弊。
二、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In recent years, the popularity of online courses has grown rapidly. The reason is that they offer flexibility and convenience that traditional classroom learning often cannot match. For example, students can access the courses at any time and from any place, which is particularly beneficial for those who have to balance their studies with work or family commitments.3. The word "flexibility" in the passage most probably means ______.A. the ability to change easilyB. the ability to bend easilyC. the ability to stretch easilyD. the ability to move easily答案：A解析：根据上下文，"flexibility"在这里指的是在线课程提供的时间上的灵活性，即学生可以根据自己的时间安排来学习，因此选项A"the ability to change easily"是最佳选项。
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text1部分试题及答案解析
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text1部分试题及答案解析2023考研英语一阅读理解Text1部分试题及答案解析：Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1The weather in Texas may have cooled since the recent extreme heat, but the temperature will be high at the State Board of Education meeting in Austin this month as officials debate how climate change is taught in Texas schools.Pat Hardy, who sympathises with views of the energy sector, is resisting proposed changes to science standards for pre-teen pupils. These could emphasise the primacy of human activity in recent climate change and encourage discussion of mitigation measures.Most scientists and experts sharply dispute Hardy’s views. “They casually dismiss the career work of scholars and scientists as just another misguided opinion.” says Dan Quinn, senior communications strategist at the Texas Freedom Network, a non-profit group that monitors public education, “What millions of Texas kids learn in their public schools is determined too often by the political ideology of partisan board members, rather than facts and sound scholarship.”Such debates reflects fierce discussions across the US and around the world, as researchers, policymakers, teachers and students step up demands for a greater focus on teaching about the facts of climate change in schools.A study last year by the National Center for Science Education, a non-profit group of scientists and teachers, looking at how state public schools across the country address climate change in science classes, gave barely half of US states a grade B+ or higher. Among the 10 worst performers were some of the most populous states, including Texas, which was given the lowest grade (F) and has a disproportionate influence because its textbooks are widely sold elsewhere.Glenn Branch, the centre’s deputy director, cautions that setting state-level science standards is only one limited benchmark in a country that decentralises decisions to local school boards. Even if a state is considered a high performer in its science standards, “that does not mean it will be taught”, he says.Another issue is that, while climate change is well integrated into some subjects and at some ages–such as earth and space sciences in high schools–it is not as well represented in curricula for younger children and in subjects that are more widely taught, such as biology and chemistry. It is also less prominent in many social studies courses. Branch points out that, even if a growing number of official guidelines and textbooks reflect scientific consensus on climate change, unofficial educational materials that convey more slanted perspectives are being distributed to teachers. They include materials sponsored by libertarian think-tanks and energy industry associations.21. In Paragraph 1, the weather in Texas is mentioned to ______.[A] forecast a policy shift in Texas schools[B] stress the consequences of climate change[C] indicate the atmosphere at the board meeting[D] draw the public’s attention to energy shortages22. What does Quinn think of Hardy?[A] She exaggerates the existing panic.[B] She denies the value of scientific work.[C] She shows no concern for pre-teens.[D] She expresses self-contradictory views.23. The study mentioned in Paragraph 5 indicates that ______.[A] climate education is insufficient at state public schools[B] policy makers have little drive for science education[C] Texas is reluctant to rewrite its science textbooks[D] environmental teaching in some states lacks supervision24. According to Branch, state-level science standards in the US ______.[A] call for regular revision[B] require urgent application[C] have limited influence[D] cater to local needs25. It is implied in the last paragraph that climate change teaching in some schools ______.[A] agree to major public demands[B] reflects teachers' personal bias[C] may misrepresent the energy sector[D] can be swayed by external forces答案解析：21.【答案】[C] indicate the atmosphere at the board meeting【解析】本题为细节题。
考研英语一阅读理解Text真题及答案解析
Text 4In a rare unanimous ruling; the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor; Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct; which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell’s trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his “official acts;”or the former governor’s decisions on “specific”and “unsettled”issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials; unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials; is not corruption; the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful”and “nasty.”But under anti-bribery laws; proof must be made of concrete benefits; such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting; making a phone call; or hosting an event is not an “official act”.The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for bribery.”The basic compact underlying representative government;”wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court;”assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives; not the courts; to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual orgroup provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requireswell-enforced laws in government transparency; such as records of official meetings; rules on lobbying; and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards; or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought; a basic premise of democratic society—that all are equal in treatment by government—is undermined. Good governance rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36. The undermined sentence Para.1 most probably shows that the court _______.A avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s duties.B made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.C was contemptuous of McDonnell’s conduct.D refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.答案C解析答案为C..根据第一段的划线句子联系文章第一句话：虽然最高法院没有判定Robert McDonnell受贿罪;但是在道德上却对他的行为嗤之以鼻..由此可以锁定选项C中的was contemptuous of;也就是说法院其实非常轻视Robert McDonnell的行为..37. According to Paragraph 4; an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves _______.A leaking secrets intentionally.B sizable gains in the form of gifts.C concrete returns for gift-givers.D breaking contracts officially.答案B解析答案为B..从第四段可以知道;对腐败的定义是:只有受贿者给予了行贿者实际的好处;例如a contract or regulation; 如果提供的不是具体的好处;仅仅只是：arranging a meeting; making a phone call; or hosting an event; 那么这种行为就不是受贿..由此可以得出答案为B..38. The court’s ruling is based on the assumption that public officials are _______.A justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.B qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.C allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.D exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.答案C解析答案为C..从第五段可以知道;法院的裁定是建立听取其选民的意见;按照他们的利益行事..所以原文中的constituents对应选项C的supporters;支持者..所以答案选择C..39. Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to _______.A awaken the conscience of officials.B guarantee fair play in official access.C allow for certain kinds of lobbying.D inspire hopes in average people.答案B解析答案为B..根据第六段第一句话：执法力度需要加强市民及其当选代表;而不是法院获得接近政府的平等的机会..equality与选项B的fair play相对应;因此选B..40. The author’s attitude toward the court’s ruling is _______.A sarcastic.B tolerant.C skeptical.D supportive答案D解析答案为D..本题考查的是态度题;从文中最后一句话：可以看出作者认为法院的裁定是进步的;因此可以看出作者对此的态度是：支持的..因此答案为选项D..试题点评今年四篇文章难度一般..在我们整体的考研阅读当中;所需要具备的一个最重要的能力就是如何去看到题目之后;定准了位;并且找到那个我们真正应该找到的位置;在四个选项当中去找意思的原文最匹配的选项..。
2024年考研英语一真题答案及解析：阅读理解一
2024年考研英语一真题答案及解析：阅读理解一业务课名称：英语考生须知：1.答案必须写在答题纸上，写在其他纸上无效。
2.答题时必须使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔做答，用其他答题不给分，不得使用涂改液。
2024年考研英语一真题答案及解析:阅读理解一(回忆版)Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Nearly 2,000 years ago, as the Romans began to pull out of Scotland, they left behind a curious treasure: 10 tons of nails, nearly a million of the things. The nail hoard wasdiscovered in 1960 in a four-metre-deep pit covered by two metres of gravel.Why had the Romans buried a million nails? The likely explanation is that the withdrawal was rushed, and they didn’t want the local Caledonians getting their hands on 10 tons of weapon-grade iron. The Romans buried the nails so deep that they would not be discovered for almost two millennia.Later civilisations would value the skilled blacksmith’s labour in a nail even more than the raw material. As Roma Agrawal explains in her new delightful book Nuts and Bolts, early 17th-century Virginians would sometimes burn down their homes if they were planning to relocate. This was an attempt to recover the valuable nails, which could be reused after sifting the ashes. The idea that one might burn down an entire house just to reclaim the nails underlines how scarce, costly and valuable the simple-seeming technology was.The price of nails fell by 90% between the late 1700s and mid-1900s, as economist Daniel Sichel points out in a research paper. According to Sichel, although the falling price of nails was driven partly by cheaper iron and cheaper energy, most of the creditgoes to nail manufacturers who simply found more efficient ways to turn steel into nails.Nails themselves have changed over the years, but Sichel studied them because they haven’t changed much. Roman lamps and Roman chariots are very different from LED strips and sports cars, but Roman nails are still clearly nails. It would be absurd to try to track the changing price of sports cars since 1695, but to ask the same question of nails makes perfect sense.I make no apology for being obsessed by a particular feature of everyday objects: their price. I am an economist, after all. After writing two books about the history of inventions, one thing I’ve learnt is that while it is the enchantingly sophisticated technologies that get all the hype, it’s the cheap technologies that change the world. The Gutenberg printing press transformed civilisation not by changing the nature of writing but by changing its cost —and it would have achieved little without a parallel collapse in the price of surfaces to write on, thanks to an often-overlooked technology called paper. Solar panels had a few niche uses until they became cheap;now they are transforming the global energy system.21. The Romans buried the nails probably for the sake ofA. saving them for future use.B. keeping them from rusting.C. letting them grow in value.D. hiding them from the locals.22. The example of early 17th century Virginians is used toA. highlight the thriftiness of early American colonists.B. illustrate the high status of blacksmiths in that period.C. contrast the attitudes of different civilisations towards nails.D. show the preciousness of nail-making technology at that time.23. What played the major role in lowing the price of nails after the late 1700s?A. Increased productivity.B. Wider use of new energies.C. Fiercer market competition.D. Reduced cost of raw materials.24. It can be learned from Paragraph 5 that nailsA. have undergone many technological improvements.B. have remained basically all the same since Roman times.C. are less studied than other everyday products.D. are one of the world’s most significant inventions.25. Which of the following best summaries the last two paragraphs?A. Cheap technologies bring about revolutionary change.B. Technological innovation is integral to economic success.C. Technology defines people’s understanding of the world.D. Sophisticated technologies develop from small inventions.。
考研英语阅读理解真题答案解析
考研英语阅读理解真题答案解析考研英语阅读理解真题答案解析英语的提高是个日积月累，厚积薄发的过程，也是逆水行舟、不进则退的过程。
下面是店铺给大家准备的考研英语的阅读理解真题以及答案解析，一起来练习一下吧!阅读理解真题第一篇：In order to “change lives for the better” and reduce “dependency,” George Orbome, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the “upfront work search” scheme. Only if the jobless arrive at the jobcentre with a CV register for online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit-and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly. What could be more reasonable?More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker’s allowance. “Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on.”he claimed. “We’re doing these things because we know they help people say off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster” Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, com plete with “reforms” to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsides laziness. What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for “fundamental fairness”-protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.Losing a job is hurting: you don’t skip down to the jobcentre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect ofdoubling your income from the generous state. It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life. Worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared. Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.But in Osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency —permanent dependency if you can get it —supported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood. It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened. The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens. Even the very phrase “jobseeker’s allowance” —invented in 1996 —is about redefining the unemployed as a “jobseeker” who had no mandatory right to a benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions.Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited “allowance,” conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement and no insurance, at ?71.70 a week, one of the least generous in the EU.21.George Osborne’s scheme was intended to[A]provide the unemployed with easier access to benefits.[B]encourage jobseekers’ active engagement in job seeking.[C]motivate the unemployed to report voluntarily.[D]guarantee jobseekers’ legitimate right to benefits.22.The phrase “to sign on”(Line 3,Para.2) most probablymeans[A]to check on the availability of jobs at the jobcentre.[B]to accept the government’s res trictions on the allowance.[C]to register for an allowance from the government.[D]to attend a governmental job-training program.23.What promoted the chancellor to develop his scheme?[A]A desire to secure a better life for all.[B]An eagerness to protect the unemployed.[C]An urge to be generous to the claimants.[D]A passion to ensure fairness for taxpayers.24.According to Paragraph 3, being unemployed makes one one feel[A]uneasy.[B]enraged.[C]insulted.[D]guilty.25.To which of the following would the author most probably agree?[A]The British welfare system indulges jobseekers’ laziness.[B]Osborne’s reforms will reduce the risk of unemployment.[C]The jobseekers’ allowance has met their actual needs.[D]Unemployment benefits should not be made conditional.第二篇：All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession---with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever morestudents to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job. Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Law-school debt means that they have to work fearsomely hard.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so.Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.In fact,allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms wouldreduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional man agers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency. After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow.26.a lot of students take up law as their profession due to[A]the growing demand from clients.[B]the increasing pressure of inflation.[C]the prospect of working in big firms.[D]the attraction of financial rewards.27.Which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in most American states?[A]Higher tuition fees for undergraduate studies.[B]Admissions approval from the bar association.[C]Pursuing a bachelor’s degree in another major.[D]Receiving training by professional associations.28.Hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from[A]lawyers’ and clients’ strong resistance.[B]the rigid bodies governing the profession.[C]the stem exam for would-be lawyers.[D]non-professionals’ sharp criticism.29.The guild-like ownership structure is considered “restrictive” partly because it[A]bans outsiders’ inv olvement in the profession.[B]keeps lawyers from holding law-firm shares.[C]aggravates the ethical situation in the trade.[D]prevents lawyers from gaining due profits.30.In this text, the author mainly discusses[A]flawed ownership of America’s law fir ms and its causes.[B]the factors that help make a successful lawyer in America.[C]a problem in America’s legal profession and solutions to it.[D]the role of undergraduate studies in America’s legal education.答案解析第一篇：真题解析：文章概括：政府大臣Grorge Osbome提出了一个项目帮助失业的人找工作。
2024年考研英语一真题阅读理解详细解析与答案
2024年考研英语一真题阅读理解详细解析与答案阅读理解一：Passage 1：题目：Why is the current global workforce in poor health?解析：本文讨论全球劳动力健康状况不佳的原因。
答案：C答案解析：根据文章第一段最后一句"There are a few main factors here, including poor living habits, sedentary work and workplace stress"可确定答案。
Passage 2：题目：According to the passage, what are the potential benefits of microwork for workers in developing countries?解析：本文探讨了在发展中国家进行微工作的潜在利益。
答案：A答案解析：根据文章第五段"The potential benefits for microworkers in developing countries are clear"以及下文的具体解释可确定答案。
Passage 3：题目：What is the author's opinion about the future prospect of manned space exploration?解析：作者对载人航天探索的未来前景持何看法？答案：D答案解析：根据文章第二段"The future of manned space exploration looks promising"可确定答案。
Passage 4：题目：What is the main topic of the passage?解析：文章的主题是什么？答案：B答案解析：根据文章第一段首句"The Arctic, the frozen polar region characterized by frigid temperatures"可确定答案。
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text4部分试题及答案解析
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text4部分试题及答案解析Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 4Scientific papers are the recordkeepers of progress in research. Each year researchers publish millions of papers in more than 30,000 journals. The scientific community measures the quality of those papers in a number of ways, including the perceived quality of the journal (as reflected by the title’s impact factor) and the number of citations a specific paper accumulates. The careers of scientists and the reputation of their institutions depend on the number and prestige of the papers they produce, but even more so on the citations attracted by these papers.Citation cartels, where journals, authors, and institutions conspire to inflate citation numbers, have existed for a long time. In 2016, researchers developed an algorithm to recognize suspicious citation patterns, including groups of authors that disproportionately cite one another and groups of journals that cite each other frequently to increase the impact factors of their publications. Recently, another expression of this predatory behavior has emerged: so-called support service consultancies that provide language and other editorial support to individual authors and to journals sometimes advise contributors to add a number of citations to their articles.The advent of electronic publishing and authors’ need to find outlets for their papers resulted in thousands of new journals. The birth of predatory journals wasn’t far behind. These journals can act as milk cows where every single article in an issue may cite a specific paper or a series of papers. In some instances, there is absolutely no relationship between the content of the article and the citations. The peculiar part is that the journal that the editor is supposedly working for is not profiting at all—it is just providing citations to other journals. Such practices can lead an article to accrue more than 150 citations in the same year that it was published.How insidious is this type of citation manipulation? In one example, an individual—acting as author, editor, and consultant—was able to use at least 15 journals as citation providers to articles published by five scientists at three universities. The problem is rampant in Scopus, a citation database, which includes a high number of the new “international” journals. In fact, a listing in Scopus seems to be a criterion to be targeted in this type of citation manipulation.Scopus itself has all the data necessary to detect this malpractice. Red flags include a large number of citations to an article within the first year. And for authors who wish to steer clear of citation cartel activities: when an editor, a reviewer, or a support service asks you to add inappropriate references, do not oblige and do report the request to the journal.36. According to Paragraph l, the careers of scientists can be determined by ______.[A] how many citations their works contain[B] how many times their papers are cited[C] the prestige of the people they work with[D] the status they have in scientific circles37. The support service consultancies tend to ______.[A] recommend journals to their clients[B] list citation patterns for their clients[C] ask authors to include extra citations[D] advise contributors to cite each other38. The function of the “milk cow” journals is to ______.[A] boost citation counts for certain authors[B] help scholars publish articles at low cost[C] instruct first-time contributors in citation[D] increase the readership of new journals39. What can be learned about Scopus from the last two paragraphs?[A] It fosters competition among citation providers.[B] It has the capability to identify suspicious citations.[C] It hinders the growth of “international” journals.[D]It is established to prevent citation manipulation.40. What should an author do to deal with citation manipulators?[A] Take legal action[B] Demand an apology[C] Seek professional advice[D] Reveal their misconduct【答案】36. [B] how many times their papers are cited37. [C] ask authors to include extra citations38. [A] boost citation counts for certain authors39. [B] It has the capability to identify suspicious citations40. [D] Reveal their misconduct。
考研英语二阅读理解练习题及答案解析
考研英语二阅读理解练习题及答案解析考研英语二阅读理解练习题及答案解析考研英语二阅读理解部分由A、B两节组成，共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。
分数占了总分的一半。
下面是店铺分享的考研英语二阅读理解练习试题，希望能帮到大家!Part ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1It’s true that high-school coding classes aren’t essential for learning computer science in college. Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon’s School of Computer Science.However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it’s not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers — but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. It’s not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina said.Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming,started as one of the many coding bootcamps that’s become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but “we try to gear lessons toward things they’re interested in,” said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.The students in the Flatiron class probably won’t drop out of high school and build the next Facebook. Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the “Ruby on Rails” language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market. But the skills they learn — how to think logically through a problem andorganize the results — apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes. These kids are going to be surrounded by computers —in their pockets, in their offices, in their homes — for the rest of their lives. The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want — the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that — the better.21. Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to____.A. complete future job trainingB. remodel the way of thinkingC. formulate logical hypothesesD. perfect artwork production22. In delivering lessons for high-schoolers, Flatiron has considered their____.A. experienceB. academic backgroundsC. career prospectsD. interest23. Deborah Seehorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will____.A. help students learn other computer languagesB. have to be upgraded when new technologies comeC. need improving when students look for jobsD. enable students to make big quick money24. According to the last paragraph, Flatiron students are expected to____.A. compete with a future army of programmersB. stay longer in the information technology industryC. become better prepared for the digitalized worldD. bring forth innovative computer technologies25. The word “coax” (Line4, Para.6) is closest in meaning to____.A. challengeB. persuadeC. frightenD. misguideText 121 答案 B remodel the way of thinking.Reshape 重塑 remold 重塑Mold 名词-模型模子动词-形成塑造解析：此题是文中人物观点题。
考研英语阅读理解真题及解析(2篇)
考研英语阅读理解真题及解析（2篇）1、 When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal。
【构造分析】本句可以分为两个局部，“for”为分界词。
在前半局部中“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是“to”引导的不定式短语，这个短语中又消失了一个宾语从句。
“when”引导一个状语从句，表示时间。
后半句中“it”仍旧是形式主语，“that”引导一个主语从句。
“however”引导一个让步状语从句。
2、 With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be—even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right—it can hardly be classed as Literature。
【构造分析】本句是一个因果关系的并列句。
前一个分句的主句是“the case is rather difficult”，其中“however”表示此句与上一句之间是转折关系；缘由为“for”之后的局部，其中破折号之间的局部是插入语，表示一种让步，“on which it is based”是“the theory”的定语从句，“it”指代“Futurist poetry”。
考研英语阅读理解精选试题及答案解析
考研英语阅读理解精选试题及答案解析Unit1Part ADirections: Read the following four texts。
Answer the questions below each text by choosing A，B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1。
（40 points) T ext 1It’s plain common sense? D the more happiness you feel，the less unhappiness you experience. It’s plain common sense，but it’s not true. Recent research reveals that happiness and unhappiness are not really two sides of the same emotion. They are two distinct feelings that, coexisting，rise and fall independently.People might think that the higher a person’s level of unhappiness，the lower their level of happiness and vice versa。
But when researchers measure people’s average levels of happiness and unhappiness, they often find little relationship between the two。
The recognition that feelings of happiness and unhappiness can co—exist much like love and hate in a close relationship may offer valuable clues on how to lead a happier life. It suggests, for example，that changing or avoiding things that make you miser able may well make you less miserable, but probably won’t make you any happier. That advice is backed up by an extraordinary series of studies which indicate that a genetic predisposition for unhappiness may run in certain families。
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2010年考研英语答案试题解析——阅读理解Text 1①Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.考点分析（the most）本句的意思是"过去这些年英语报纸上所发生的最有影响力的变化的可能是艺术评论的在报道范围和严肃性的堕落".①It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. ②Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. ③To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.考点分析①to the point of "到...地步" ②转折常考，出21题。
"然而，在20世纪大量的最重要的批评集是有报纸评论组成的。
"本句强调20世纪的报纸评论数量很多。
③沿着上句的意思论述：如今读到这样的书的人不禁会对下面这个事实感到惊讶:这些评论之前竟然被认为适合在面向大众的日报上刊登。
21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 thatA arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers.B English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.C high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.D young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.正确选项解析B 由第一段的①decline in scope 和第二段的②a considerable number 都在强调以前的报纸关于艺术评论数量很多，所以选择B干扰选项分析A 比较容易排除。
与第一段①矛盾，原文只是说decline, 即下降，没有说消失（disappear）C 比较容易排除。
"高质量的报纸未丧失大量的读者"。
无中生有。
D 强干扰项。
"年轻的读者怀疑报纸上的评论不合适"。
原文③：《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》marvel v. be very surprised (and often admiring) 大为惊讶（常含赞叹之意），表明其实读者是赞同：这些评论可以再报纸上刊登的。
这里的doubt 表示怀疑，所以与marvel意思相反。
①We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War 2,at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. ②In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. ③Theirs was a serious business. and even those reviews who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. ④These men believed in journalism as a calling, andwere proud to be published in the daily press. ⑤So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in ournalism,Newman wrote, "that I am tempted to define "journalism" as "a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are".考点分析①否定常考（unfocused）出22题。
承接上文，上文讲我们的评论数量减少，这里继续讲我们甚至离20世纪初到二战期间的报纸评论也相差很远。
Even farther removed from 表明作者的惋惜之情。
②in detail and at length"详细的"③serious"严肃的"④calling"对做某项工作的强烈欲望或责任感" proud"骄傲" 上面的这些词都表明二战前的报纸评论的风格。
⑤否定常考，出23题。
"因此，几乎没有人有足够的智慧或文学天赋在新闻事业上成就自己，我更喜欢吧新闻事业定义为"被假作家耻辱地使用了的术语，对真作家来说，他们不足挂齿"。
"其实本句话中Newman wrote,后面的根本不需要看懂。
22. Newspaper reviews in England before World War 2 were characterized byA free themes.B casual style.C elaborate layout.D radical viewpoints.正确选项解析A unfocused的英文解释：not concentrated at one point or upon one objective, free的英文解释是unrestricted，所以unfocused = free ,属于同义替换。
干扰选项分析B 请看《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》字典对casual 的解释：（a）made or done without much care or thought; offhand 不经意的; 随便的; 马虎的; 临时的(b) (derog 贬) showing little concern; nonchalant; irresponsible 漠不关心的; 无动於衷的; 不负责任的(c) not methodical or thorough; not serious 无条理的; 不彻底的; 不认真的.这几个意思都是和②in detail and at length"详细的"③serious"严肃的"④calling"对做某项工作的强烈欲望或责任感" proud"骄傲"相矛盾的。
所以不选。
C 强干扰项。
elaborate 可以替换原文中的in detail ，但是layout(布局)无中生有，所以本题与原文不相符合。
D radical 激进的无中生有。
23. Which of the following would shaw and Newman most probably agree on?A It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals.B It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.C Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.D Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.正确选项解析D 对⑤同义替换。
Few= not all ，have brains enough or literary gift enough =capable of注意：D选项中not all属于部分否定,语气委婉，在选项中出现往往正确。
干扰选项分析A journalistic goals(新闻业的目标)，无中生有。
B "作家成为记者是值得鄙视的。
"与④的proud （自豪的）相反。
C "作者容易被新闻业吸引"。
对⑤偷梁换柱。
原文说的是被define "journalism" as... 所吸引，而不是被journalism所吸引。
①Unfortunately,these critics are virtually forgotten. ②Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket.③During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England's foremost classical-music critics, and a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. ④He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. ⑤Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.考点分析①否定常考+段首常考。