(完整)小学英语过去式
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小学英语过去式
过去时通常表示在的过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
通常在句子里能找到表示过去时间的词或词组。
如:yesterday,yesterday morning,yesterday afternoon,yesterday evening,the day before yesterday(前天),last night,last week,last month,last year,a moment ago(刚才),just now(刚才),two days ago,a week ago,in 1990等。
如:I went to bed at eleven last night. 昨晚我11:00睡觉。
动词过去式的构成规律
(一)规则动词的过去式
1.一般情况下,在动词原形后面加-ed;
look→looked play→played start→started visit→visited
2.以不发音e结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-d;
live→lived use→used
3.以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词,先将y 改为i ,再加–ed;study→studied, try→tried fly→flied
4.以重读闭音节(即辅音+元音+辅音)或r音节结尾,末尾只有
一个辅音字母的动词,要先双写这个辅音字母后,再加–ed。
stop→stopped plan→planned, prefer→preferred
(二)不规则动词的过去式
1.改变动词中的元音;
begin→began drink→drank come→came eat→ate grow→grew
run→ran know→knew win→won speak→spoke take→took write→wrote get→got
2.变词尾的–d 为–t ;
build→built lend→lent send→sent spend→spent bend→bent 3.与动词原形一样;
cut→cut put→put cost→cost hurt→hurt shut→shut
4.变-ay 为-aid (少数动词);
say→said pay→paid lay→laid
5.采用不同词根;
sell→sold teach→taught buy→bought
6.其他。
am/is→was are→were have/has→had do→did
过去式句子结构
1.在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子,系动词用过式was,were
构成。
如:(1)I was at home yesterday. 昨天我在家。
(2)We were in the gym just now. 刚才我们在体育馆。
2.在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作,用动词的过去式构成。
如:I visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。
3.各种句式
(1)一般过去时的肯定陈述句:
主语+动词过去式+宾语或表语。
He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.
(2)一般过去时的否定句:
a.主语+didn’t+动词原形+宾语。(did + not = didn't)
He didn't do morning exercises yesterday.
b.主语+wasn’t/weren’t+表语。(was + not = wasn't were + not = weren't)
He wasn't an English teacher ten years ago.
(3)一般过去时的一般疑问句:
a.Did+主语+动词原形+宾语?
Did you study English in 1990 ?
b.Was/Were+主语+表语?
Was he a pupil five years ago ?
(4)一般过去时的特殊疑问句:
a.特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+宾语?
Where did your parents live five years ago?
What did you do last Sunday?
b.特殊疑问词+were/was+表语?
Who was at the zoo yesterday?