液体动压滑动轴承实验台毕业设计

摘要

滑动轴承是用来支撑轴及其它回转零件的一种重要部件，因其本身具有一些独特的优点：轴颈轴瓦间所特有的润滑油膜具有缓冲吸振作用，使用寿命长，结构紧凑，回转速度高等，这些优点使它在某些场合占有重要地位。因此滑动轴承在金属切削机床、内燃机、铁路机及车辆、轧钢机、雷达、卫星通信地面站及天文望远镜等方面的应用十分广泛。为了帮助大学学生更加深入、细致地了解和研究滑动轴承，各种滑动轴承实验台应运而生，但在实验的效率、效果方面都还有不足。现有的滑动轴承试验台不能满足我们需要的要求，因此，我们需要为了测试专门的改进。

本论文主要对液体动压滑动轴承进行分析、设计，使得其能够更好的工作，测得各种实验数据。对电机、温度传感器、加热装置进行解析、选择，可以测量及仿真径向油膜压力分布、油膜温度变化、油槽温度变化等各种参数。在基于流体力润滑理论的基础上，以雷诺方程的建立和求解过程，揭示了影响油膜压力的因素和其变化规律。可以通过改变各种参数揭示影响油膜压力的因素及其变化规律，从而能够更加深刻的理解和掌握滑动轴承的原理。如此一来，不仅完成了滑动轴承实验，并且加深了对油膜承载机理的理解，同时还提高了对滑动轴承的设计能力。

关键词：液体动压滑动轴;油膜压力;油膜温度

Abstract

Sliding bearing is used to support shaft and other rotating parts is an important part，Because of its itself has some unique advantages：Between the journal bearing of lubricating oil film vibration cushioning、Long service life、Compact structure、Rotation speed is higher and so on，These advantages make it occupies an important position in some occasions.So the sliding bearing in the metal cutting machine tools, internal combustion engines, railway and vehicle, rolling mill, radar, satellite communication earth station and astronomical telescope are widely used, etc.In order to help college students more in-depth and meticulous understanding of and research on the sliding bearing, all kinds of sliding bearing experimental platform arises at the historic moment, but in the experimental efficiency, effect and inadequacy.Existing sliding bearing test rig can not meet the requirements of we need, therefore, we need to test the specific improvements.

This thesis mainly analyze the fluid dynamic pressure sliding bearing, the design, make it can work better, measured a variety of experimental data.Motor, temperature sensors, heating device for parsing, choice, can be measured and simulation of radial oil film pressure distribution, oil film temperature, oil temperature and other parameters.Based on flow, on the basis of manual lubrication theory, with the establishment of the Reynolds equation and the solving process, reveals the factors that affect the oil film pressure and its change rule.Can by changing various parameters that influences factors of oil film pressure and variation law, to be able to more deeply understand and master the principle of sliding bearing.As a result, not only completed the sliding bearing experimental, and deepen the understanding of the mechanism of oil film bearing, also raised the design capability of sliding bearing.

Key words:Liquid dynamic pressure sliding bearing; The oil film pressure；The oil film temperature

目录

摘要..................................................................... I Abstract................................................................. I I 第一章绪论. (4)

1.1 国内外研究现状和发展趋势 (1)

1.1.1 液体动压滑动轴承试验台国内外研究现状 (1)

1.1.2 液体动压滑动轴承试验台发展趋势 (2)

1.2 液体动压滑动轴承试验台的研究目的和意义 (2)

1.3 课题研究的主要内容 (2)

第2章液体动压滑动轴承的理论基础 (4)

2.1 滑动轴承 (4)

2.1.1 滑动轴承的主要类型和结构 (4)

2.2 液体动压润滑的基本原理和基本关系 (5)

2.2.1 液体动压油膜的形成原理 (5)

2.2.2 液体动压润滑的基本方程 (6)

2.2.3 油楔承载机理 (8)

2.3 径向滑动轴承液体动压基本原理 (9)

2.3.1 径向滑动轴承液体动压润滑的建立过程 (9)

2.3.2 径向滑动轴承的主要几何关系和承载能力 (10)

2.3.3 径向滑动轴承的参数选择 (11)

第3章液体动压滑动轴承油膜特性分析 (13)

3.1 径向滑动轴承油膜压力分布的理论基础 (13)

3.1.1液体动压润滑的基本方程 (13)

3.1.2 雷诺方程的简化 (13)

3.1.3 雷诺方程的无量纲形式 (14)

3.1.4 雷诺方程的无量边界条件 (15)

3.1.5 开设油槽时油膜压力的计算 (16)

第4章液体动压滑动轴承试验台的实现 (17)

4.1 试验台的简介 (17)