高英资料
高英Monica-资料
Contribution to America
No.2 Aviation
“We choose to go to the
moon!”
In this 1962 speech given at
Rice University in Houston,
Texas, President John F.
Kennedy reaffirmed America's
John F. Kennedy 1961-1963
Group members:
詹彩 林婷花 钟秋燕
Brief Introduction
➢John. F. Kennedy was born in 1917. ➢He graduated from Choate and entered Harvard in 1936. Soon after graduating, John joined the Navy. ➢On July 13,1960 the Democratic party nominated him as its candidate for President.
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Contribution to America
His specific policy was mainly to break the apartheid in the field of education and housing. What’s more, he supported that black should be equally treated in public.
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History Mystery
vs
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Abraham Lincoln was elected to Congress in 1846. John F. Kennedy was elected to Congress in 1946. Abraham Lincoln was elected President in 1860. John F. Kennedy was elected President in 1960. Both were particularly concerned with civil rights. Both wives lost their children while living in the White House. Both Presidents were shot on a Friday. Both Presidents were shot in the head.
高英（高级英语）复习笔记及讲解1
Lesson One Rock Superstars： What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society ？ 1. Rock Superstars摇滚乐超级明星rock： rock music ， rock ‘ n ’ roll（ or ： rock and roll）摇滚乐早期的摇滚乐是源于美国的民歌（ folk ）爵⼠乐（ jazz ）勃鲁斯歌曲（blues ） 等的⼀种⾳乐，其特征是具有强烈的节奏（ rhythm ）单纯的旋律（ melody ）⼀再重复的歌词和⾳符的后拍⾳（ after beat ） 2. Rock is the music of teenage rebellion . 摇滚乐是青少年的反叛⾳乐a. teenage adj. pertaining to a teenager（ 13 ⾄ 19岁的）青少年的。
其名词形式为teenager：（13⾄19岁的青少年）。
b. rebellion： resistance to or defiance of any authority 造反，反派。
如；a rebellion against old traditions对旧传统的反叛。
3. By a man ‘ s heroes ye shall know him .你将从⼀个⼈崇拜的英雄得知其⼈。
a.这句句⼦的句型与英语中常说的 judge a man by the company he keeps（以⼀个⼈所交的朋友断定其为⼈）很相似。
b. ye = you ⽤于古英语或诗歌中，是第⼆⼈称代词thou的复数。
如：Ye are the salt of the earth .你们是社会的中坚。
（出⾃>） 4. ‘’ Midnight Rambler ‘’ ：ramble： walk for pleasure漫游，既可表动词，也可作名词。
高英课文The Loons(潜鸟)英文分享资料
Condition of Dwelling
Small square cabin made of poplar poles and chinked with mud
4
Time
Jules had only intended to stay the winter in the Wachakwa Valley,but the family was still there in the thirties,when I was a child.
ØIn 1870, the legislature passed the
Manitoba Act（曼尼托巴法案）, allowing the
Red River settlement to enter
Confederation as the province of Manitoba.
The Act also incorporated some of Riel‘s
17
Social &Physical Evironments
Piquette's Personality
The Tragedy
18
Thank you！
19
ØMeanwhile, Riel's men arrested members of a pro-Canadian faction who had resisted the provisional government. They included an Thomas Scott. Riel's government tried and convicted Scott, and executed him for threatening to murder Louis Riel.
大三高英复习资料
Unit 1 A Class Act1.Johnny is so ingenious(ingenuity) —he can make the mostremarkable sculptures from the most ordinary materials.2.So what is his prescription (prescribe) for success?3.I cannot allow any relaxation (relax) of the rules.4.All pupils are expected to attend the school assembly (assemble).5.She has the most adorable (adore) two-year-old daughter.6.To the mortification (mortify) of the show’s organizers, the topperformers withdrew at the last minute.7.I didn’t want to lose my composure (compose) in front of her.8.She looked a bit dejected (dejection) when she was told that shehadn’t got the job.drag into | speak up for | rife with | of one’s own accordration out | single out | trudge through | beside oneself| in place | on the warpath | see through | comply with1. The office was rife with rumors.2. Annrationed outthe cake between the children.3. The arrangements are all in placefor the concert next Thursday.4. There are serious penalties for failure to complywith the regulations.5. The course would take me three years to complete, but I was determined to see it through.6. She has often spoken up for the rights of working mothers.7. If there was one thing she couldn’t face in the morning it was her mother on the warpath.8. He was beside himself with grief when she died.9. Don’t dragme into your argument! It has nothing to do with me.10. I spent the whole weekend trudging through this report, and I still haven’t finished reading it.11. She came of her own accord.No one asked her to come.12. It’s not fair the way my sister is always singled out for special treatment.Translating Sentences1.这家公司是由几名有事业心的年轻人创立的。
高英复习资料
高英复习资料Lesson 11. A white lie is better than a black lie.一个无关紧要的谎言总比一个恶意的谎言要好。
1.To upset this homicide, ---Olympian manhood为了挫败这种蓄意培植的低人一等的心态，黑人必须直起腰来宣布自己高贵的人格。
2.with a spirit straining ---- self-abnegation黑人必须以一种竭尽全力自尊自重的精神，大胆抛弃自我克制的枷锁。
3.Striped of the right---- of this white power structure 被剥夺了决定自己生活和命运的权力，他只能听任这个白人权力结构所作出的决定的摆布。
这些决定是专断的，有时甚至是反复无常的。
4.what is needed is a realization---- sentimental and anemic: 必须懂得的是没有爱的权力是毫无节制，易被滥用的，而没有权力的爱则是多愁善感，苍白无力的。
5.It is precisely this collision --- of our times正是这种邪恶的权力与毫无权力的道义的冲突构成了我们时代的主要危机。
6.Now early in this century---and responsibility.在本世纪初，这种建议会受到嘲笑和谴责，认为它对主动性和责任感起负面作用。
7.Now we realize ---- against their will : 我们现在懂得，我们经济地的市场运作混乱，歧视盛行，迫使人们无事可作并违背他们的意愿，使他们长期失业或不断失业。
8.New forms of work--- are not available: 有必要创造对社会有好处的新的工作形式，提供给那些找不到传统工作的人。
9.It is not the work---necessity. animal necessity: Somethingnecessary 必需品, The necessities of life include food, clothing, and shelter.生活必需品，包括食物，衣服，住处10.It is the work of men--- where want is abolished: 这是这样一类人的工作，他们通过某种方式找到了一种工作模式，这种模式出于自身需要，带来安全保障，并创造了一种废除了匮乏的社会形态。
高英(2)paraphrase复习资料
第一课IV、paraphrase1、And it is an activity only of humans、And conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings、(Animals and birds are not capable of conversation、)2、Conversation is not for making a point、Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our idea or point of view、// In a conversation we should not try to establish the force of an idea or argument、3、In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to lose、In fact, a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of view、4、Bar friends are not deeply involved in each other’s lives、People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not close friends for they are not deeply absorbed or engrossed in each other’s lives、5、it could still go ignorantly onThe conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong6、There are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beefThese animals are called cattle when they are alive and feeding in the fields; but when we sit down at the table to eat、We call their meat beef.7、The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building their French against his own language、The new ruling class by using French instead of English made it difficult for the English to accept or absorb the culture of the rulers、(新得统治阶级把法语用来对抗撒克逊农民自己得语言,从而在农民周围筑起一道文化障碍。
(完整版)高英第二册期末复习资料吐血整理(2469课修辞句子解释句子翻译课文翻译)
高英第二册复习资料（修辞、句子解释、句子翻译、课文翻译）（2.3.6.9课）I rhetoric devicesLesson2 Marrakech1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. -----simile2. They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone. -----alliteration押头韵3. ... and sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies. ----simile4. And really it was almost like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper. ----- simile5. The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys, no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again.--—elliptical sentence6. A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—-hyperbole7. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews, many of them old grandfathers with flowing grey beards, all clamoring for a cigarette. -----transferred epithet8. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—-synecdoche(提喻)9. As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long, dusty column, infantry, screw-gun batteries, and then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—---onomatopoetic wordssymbolism10. Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive. —--elliptical sentence11. This wretched boy, who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and catch syphilis in garrison towns, actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin. —-synecdoche提喻Lesson3 inaugural address1. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis2.…in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor3. Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression (回环:A-B-C)4. All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—allusion 引典; climax递进5. And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.—antithesis, regression回环6 We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change. ----parallelism7. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike….—alliteration8. Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or i11, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. ----–parallelism; alliteration9. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. ----antithesis对句10. To those peoples in the huts and villages of half the globe… ------11. …struggling to break the bonds of mass misery…----12. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. -----antithesis13. … to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty. ---repetition14. And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungle of suspicion…-----metaphor15. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us. -----antithesis16.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house. -----metaphor17. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world. -----extended metaphor18. …to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak… ----metaphorWith a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds… -----parallelismLesson6 loving and hating New York1 A market for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge.—paregmenon2The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crowds below cuts these people off from humanity.—transferred epithet3So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves,tranquil and luxurious,that shut out the world.—synecdoche,metaphorLesson9 The loonsSimileGrandmother MacLeod, her delicately featured face as rigid as a cameo麦克里奥祖母那清秀的脸上此时显得像玉石雕像般的冷峻(Page194 Para12)At night the lake was like black glass with a streak of amber which was the path of the moon.夜间的湖面看起来像一块黑色玻璃，只有一线水面因映照着月光才呈现出琥珀色(Page198 Para39)The jukebox was booming like tuneful thunder电唱机播放出雷声般的音乐(Page199 Para48) MetaphorThrough the filigree of the spruce trees 透过一层云杉树叶织成的丝帘(page195 Para17)It seemed to me …daughter of the forest,a kind of junior prophetess of the wilds 在我看来，皮格特一定可以算是森林的女儿，是蛮荒世界的小预言家。
高英第二册期末复习资料汇编
The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys, no women –threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again. What really appeals to the files is that the corpses here are never put into coffins, they are merely wrapped in a piece of rag and carried on a rough wooden bier on the shoulders of four friends. When the friends get to the burying-ground they hack an oblong hole a foot or two deep, dump the body in it and fling over it a little of the dried-up, lumpy earth, which is like broken brick. No gravestone, no name, no identifying mark of any kind. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. After a month or two no one can even be certain where his own relatives are buried.一支人数不多的送葬队伍——其中老少尽皆男性，没有一个女的——沿着集贸市场，从一堆堆石榴摊子以及出租汽车和骆驼中间挤道而行，一边走着一边悲痛地重复着一支短促的哀歌。
高英2 期末考资料整理
Ⅰ. TranslationUnit 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille — Joseph P. Blank21 Seconds after the roof blew off the Koshak house,柯夏克家的屋顶一被掀走，john yelled, "Up the stairs -- into our bedroom! Count the kids."约翰就高喊道：―快上楼一一到卧室里去!数数孩子。
‖The children huddled in the slashing rain within the circle of adults. 在倾盆大雨中，大人们围成一圈，让孩子们紧紧地挤在中间。
Grandmother Koshak implored, "Children, let's sing!" 柯夏克老奶奶哀声切切地说道：―孩子们，咱们大家来唱支歌吧!‖ The children were too frightened to respond. 孩子们都吓呆了，根本没一点反应。
She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away. 老奶奶独个儿唱了几句，然后她的声音就完全消失了。
22 Debris flew as the living-room fireplace and its chimney collapsed. 客厅的壁炉和烟囱崩塌了下来。
弄得瓦砾横飞。
With two walls in their bedroom sanctuary beginning to disintegrate, 眼看他们栖身的那间卧室电有两面墙壁行将崩塌，John ordered, "Into the television room!"约翰立即命令大伙：―进电视室去!‖This was the room farthest from the direction of the storm.这是离开风头最远的一个房间。
高英
• Think not that thy word and thine alone must be right. • 切莫认为只有自己才是对的。 • Death is not the worst evil, but rather when we wish to die and cannot. • 最大的不幸并非死亡，而是想死却不能死。
• 《丈夫学堂》剧照
《太太学堂》剧照
生平
• 1622年1月15日 生于巴黎一个具有“王室侍从” 身份的宫廷室内陈设商家庭。 • 1643年 放弃世袭权利，与贝雅尔兄妹等朋友组 成“盛名剧团”在巴黎演出。
• 1644年 取艺名为莫里哀。
• 1645－1658年 带领剧团在法国外省各地巡回演 出
• 1659年起，由于剧目受到国王路易十四的赏识， 剧团开始长期在巴黎演出，此后的时期也是他创 作的高潮期。 但由于长期劳累，莫里哀患上了 严重的肺病。 • 1662年 与比他小20岁的妻子结婚。 • 1673年2月17日 他在身体非常不适的情况下，带 病坚持表演自编剧目《无病呻吟》。他在舞台上 的种种虚弱表现被观众认为是切合剧目内容非常 真实的表演，因而赢得了热烈的喝彩。演出完毕 后几个小时后，莫里哀与世长辞。
雅典三大悲剧之父
• 埃斯库罗斯（公元前525-公元前 458年） 他有“悲剧之父”、 “有强烈倾向的诗人”的美誉 • 他在悲剧早期发展阶段在内容和形 式方面都作出了创造性的贡献，因 而被人们誉为“悲剧之父”
• 代表作：《被缚的普罗米修斯》、 《阿伽门农》、《善好者》(或称 《复仇女神》) 等。
Euripides(欧里庇得斯)
• No oath too binding for a lover. • 爱人眼中没有苛刻的誓言。
高英2册复习资料
Pub Talk and the King’s English酒肆闲聊与标准英语1 Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities. And it is an activity only of humans. However intricate the ways in which animals communicate with each other, they do not indulge in anything that deserves the name of conversation.人类的一切活动中，只有闲谈最宜于增进友谊，而且是人类特有的一种活动。
动物之间的信息交流，不论其方式何等复杂，也是称不上交谈的。
2 The charm of conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere, and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. The enemy of good conversation is the person who has "something to say." Conversation is not for making a point. Argument may often be a part of it, but the purpose of the argument is not to convince. There is no winning in conversation. In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to lose. Suddenly they see the moment for one of their best anecdotes, but in a flash the conversation has moved on and the opportunity is lost. They are ready to let it go.闲谈的引人人胜之处就在于它没有一个事先定好的话题。
高级英语2第三版复习资料
Lesson 1 Pub Talk and the King’s English词汇(V ocabulary)intricate (adj) : hard to follow or understand because full of puzzling parts，details，or relationships错综复杂的；难以理解的，难懂的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------indulge (v.) : give way to one’s own desire尽情享受；从事于----------------------------------------------------------------------------------meander (v.) : wander aimlessly or idly；ramble, wind 漫步；闲逛, 蜿蜒, 曲折---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- conversationalist (n.) : a person who converses；esp．，one who enjoys and is skilled at conversation交谈者；(尤指)健谈者----------------------------------------------------------------------------------anecdote (n.) : a short，entertaining account of some happening，usually personal or biographical轶事，逸事----------------------------------------------------------------------------------intimate (n.) : a close friend or companion密友，知己----------------------------------------------------------------------------------on the rocks[colloq．] : in or into a condition of ruin or catastrophe (婚姻)破坏的；失败的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------musketeer (n.) : (formerly)a soldier armed with a musket火枪手----------------------------------------------------------------------------------delve (v.) : investigate for information；search发掘；调查(研究)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------recess (n.) : a secluded，withdrawn，or inner place幽深处----------------------------------------------------------------------------------desultorily (adv.) : aimlessly；at random随意地；无目的地----------------------------------------------------------------------------------alchemy (n.) : an early form of chemistry，whose chief aims were to change baser metals into gold：a method or power of transmutation; esp. the seemingly miraculous change of a thing into something better炼金术；变化物质的方法或魔力----------------------------------------------------------------------------------tart (adj.) : sharp in taste；sour；acid辛辣的；尖酸的；刻薄的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------convict (n.) : a person found guilty of a crime and sentenced by a court罪犯----------------------------------------------------------------------------------churl (n.) : a farm laborer；peasant农民；庄稼人，乡下人----------------------------------------------------------------------------------rift (n.) : an open break in a previously friendly relationship分裂；失和----------------------------------------------------------------------------------scamper (v.) : run or go hurriedly or quickly急驰，快跑----------------------------------------------------------------------------------rendering (n.) : a translation翻译----------------------------------------------------------------------------------bilingual (adj.) : of，in or using two languages(用)两种语言的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------intercept (v.) : seize or stop on the way，before arrival at the intended place拦截；截断；截击。
高英文化常识
高英文化常识
高英文化常识是指高级英语中涉及到的文化背景知识和语言运用能力。
以下是几个高英文化常识的例子：
1. 文学作品中的文化背景：高级英语中会涉及到许多世界名著和文学作品，这些作品所反映的时代背景、社会现象和文化传统等方面的知识需要进行了解。
例如，阅读《红楼梦》需要了解清朝时期的中国社会和文化背景。
2. 文化价值观和传统文化：高级英语中经常涉及到一些文化价值观和传统文化，例如西方文化中的个人主义、自由主义和基督教文化等。
需要对这些文化价值观和传统文化进行深入了解，以便更好地理解文学作品中的思想和情感。
3. 语言表达和文化习俗：高级英语中会涉及到一些特殊的语言表达和文化习俗，例如英语中的委婉语、俚语和修辞手法等。
需要对这些语言表达和文化习俗进行了解，以便更好地理解文学作品中的语言运用和表达方式。
4. 历史事件和文化名人：高级英语中会涉及到一些历史事件和文化名人，例如文艺复兴时期的达芬奇、启蒙运动时期的伏尔泰等。
需要对这些历史事件和文化名人进行了解，以便更好地理解文学作品中的历史背景和文化内涵。
总之，高英文化常识的涵盖面非常广泛，涉及到文学、历史、文化、价值观等多个方面。
需要对这些方面进行深入了解，以便更好地理解高级英语中的文化内涵和思想情感。
高英1复习资料 paraphrase+ 课后翻译
第1课. Paraphrase：1. We're elevated 23 feet. (para 3)We' re 23 feet above sea level./Our house is 23 feet above sea level.2. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it. (para 3)The house has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever caused any damage to it.The house was built in 1915, and since then no hurricane has done any damage to it.3. We can batten down and ride it out. (para 4)We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.4. The generator was doused, and the lights went out. (para 9)Water got into the generator and put it out. It stopped producing electricity, so the lights also went out.5. Everybody out the back door to the cars! (para 10)Everybody go out through the back door and run to the cars.6. The electrical systems had been killed by water. (para 11)The electrical systems in the car had been put out by water/destroyed by water.7. John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilt. (para 17)As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland.8. Get us through this mess, will You? (para 17)Oh God, please help us to get through this storm safely.9. She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away. (para 21)Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped.10. Janis had just one delayed reaction. (para 34)Janis displayed rather late the exhaustion brought about by the nervous tension caused by the hurricane.Janis didn’t show any fear on the spot during the storm, but she reavealed her feelings caused by the storm a few nights after the hurricane by getting up in the middle of the night and crying softly.V. Translation.①. 每架飞机起飞之前必须经过严格的检查。
高级英语1第一册第三版张汉熙期末复习资料
高级英语复习资料Ⅰ、Paraphrase（3`×5=15`）①第五课，课后习题1. This dreadful scene makes all human endeavors to advance and improve their lot appear as a ghastly, saddening joke.2. The country itself is pleasant to look at, despite the sooty dirt spread by the innumerable mills in this region.3. The model they followed in building their houses was a brick standing upright. / All the houses they built looked like bricks standing upright.4. These brick-like houses were made of shabby, thin wooden boards and their roofs were narrow and had little slope.5. When the brick is covered with the black soot of the mills it takes on the color of a rotten egg.6. Red brick, even in a steel town, looks quite respectable with the passing of time. / Even in a steel town, old red bricks still appear pleasing to the eye.7. I have given Westmoreland the highest award for ugliness after having done a lot of hard work and research and after continuous praying.8. They show such fantastic and bizarre ugliness that, in looking back, they become almost fiendish and wicked./ When one looks back at these houses whose ugliness is so fantastic and bizarre, one feels they must be the work of the devil himself.9. It is hard to believe that people built such horrible houses just because they did not know what beautiful houses were like.10. People in certain strata of American society seem definitely to hunger after ugly things; while in other less Christian strata, people seem to long for things beautiful.11. These ugly designs, in some way that people cannot understand, satisfy the hidden and unintelligible demands of this type of mind.12. The place where this psychological attitude is found is the United States.②第二课，课后习题1)Serious-looking men were so absorbed in theirconversati on tParaphrasehat they seemed not to pay any attention to the people around them.2)At last the taxi trip came to an end and I sudde nly discovered that I was in front of the gigantic City Hall.3)The traditional floating houses among high modern bui ldings represent the constant struggle between old traditio n and new development./The rather striking picture of traditional floating houses among high,modern buildings r epresents the constant struggle between traditional Japanese culture and the new,western style.4)I suffered from a strong feeling of shame when I t hought of the scene of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima wearing my socks only.5)The few Americans and Germans seemed just as rest rained as1was．6)After three days in Japan one gets quite used to b owing to people as a ritual in greeting and to show gratitude．7)I was on the point of showing my agreement by n odding when I suddenly realized what he meant．His wor ds shocked me out my sad dreamy thinking．8)…and nurses walked by carrying surgical instruments which were nickel plated and even healthy visitors when they see those instruments could not help shivering.．③第六课，课后习题1)Mark Twain is known to most Americans as the aut hor of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and its sequel H uckleberry Finn,which are generally acknowledged to be his greatest works.Huck Finn is noted for his simple a nd pleasant journey through his boyhood which seems et ernal and Tom Sawyer is famous for his free roam of the country and his adventure in one summer whichseems never to end.The youth and summer are eternal because this is the only age and time we knew the m.They are frozen in that age or season for all read ers.2)In his new profession he could meet people of all kinds.His work on the boat made it possible for him to meet a large variety of people.It is a world of all types of characters.3)All would reappear in his books,written in the colo rful language that he seemed to be able to remember and record as accurately as a phonograph.4)Steamboat decks were filled with people of pioneering spirit(people who explored and prepared the way forothers)and also lawless people or social outcasts such as hustlers,gamblers and thugs.5)He took a horse-drawn public vehicle and went west to Nevada,following the flow of people in the Gold Rush.6)Mark Twain began working hard to became well kno wn locally as a newspaper reporter and humorist.7)Those who came pioneering out west were energetic,courageous and reckless people,because those who stayed at home were slow,dull and lazy people.8)That's typical of California.9)If we relaxed,rested or stayed away from all this crazy struggle for success occasionally and kept the darin gand enterprising spirit,we would be able to remain stro ng and healthy and continue to produce great thinkers. 10)At the end of his life,he lost the last bit of hi s positive view of man and the world.④第四课，课后习题1.“Don’t worry,young man,well do a few things t o outwit the prosecution.”;or“Don’t worry,young m an,we have some clever and unexpected tactics and we will surprise them in the trial.”2.The case had come down upon me unexpectedly and violently;I was suddenly engulfed by the whole affair.3.I was the last one to expect that my case would grow(or develop)into one of the most famous trials i n U.S.History.4.“That’s a completely inappropriate jury,too ignorant and partial .”.5.Today the teachers are put on trial because they te ach scientific theory;soon the newspapers and magazines will not be allowed to express new ideas,to spread knowledge of science.6.“It is doubtful whether man has reasoning power,”said Darrow sarcastically and scornfully.7....accused Bryan of demanding that a life or death struggle be fought between science and religion.8.People had to pay in order to have a look at the ape and to consider carefully whether apes and human s could have a common ancestry.9.Darraow surprised everyone by asking for Bryan as a witness for Scopes which was a brilliant idea.10.Darrow had gotten the best of Bryan,who looked helplessly lost and pitiable as everyone ignored him and rushed past him to congratulate Darrow.When I saw this,I felt very sorry for Bryan.⑤第三课，课后习题1.Ogilvie spat out the words with great contempt and sudden rudeness,throwing away his pretended politeness.2.When they find who killed the mother and the kid and then ran away,they will deal out the maximum punishment,and they will not care who will be punished in this case or what their social position is.3.The Duchess was supported by her arrogance coming from parents of noble families who belonged to the n obility for more than three hundred years.So she did not give in easily.4.The Duchess was a good actress and she appeared so firm about their innocent that,for a brief moment, Ogilvie felt unsure if his assumption about them was right.But the moment was very short and passed quickl y.5.The house detective was in no hurry.He enjoyed hi s cigar and puffed a cloud of blue cigar smoke in a relaxed manner.At the same time,his eyes were fixed disdainfully on the Duchess as if openly daring her to object to his smoking a cigar,as she had done earli er.6.If anybody who stays in this hotel does anything wr ong,improper or unusual,I always get to know about it.There isn’t much that can escape me.7.The Duchess kept firm and tight control of her mind which is working quickly.Here the Duchess is thinking quickly but at the same time keeping her thoughts un der control,not letting them run wild.8.And when they stopped for petrol,as it would be necessary,their speech and manner would reveal their id entity.British English would be particularly noticeable in t he south.9.She mustn’t make any mistakes in her plan,or wa ver in mind and show decision or deal with the situati on carelessly due to small mindedness.In other words, she has to take a big chance,to do something very daring,so she must be bold,resolute and decisive.She has to rise to the occasion.Ⅱ、Vocabulary(1`×15=15`)Ⅲ、General Knowledge【课后注释】（1`×10=10`）Ⅳ、Figures of speech（1`×10=10`）Ⅴ、Ttranslation（30`）Section A (15`) 英译汉[12、4、6]Section B (15`) 汉译英1.敌人向四面八方窜逃。
高英人文知识重点
高英人文知识重点（4、5、9课）1. Alice Walker’s writing：“the Third Life of Grange Copeland” ；“Color purple”; “In search of our Mother’s Gardens”.2. Many believe that the Civil Rights Movement began with the Montgomery bus boycott in 1955 and ended with the Voting Rights Act of 1965.3. For many activists and scholars, the civil rights movement ended in 1968 with the death of Martin Luther king, Jr.4. Alice Walker’s novel, “The color purple” was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1983.5. The Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union on June 22nd, 1941.6. Winston Chill made the speech “Blood, Toil, Tears and sweat”.7. Winston Chill was awarded the Nobel Prize in literature in 1953.8. “Japan, Italy, Germany” are Axis Coalition member.9. Harrow is a famous public school of UK.10. Mark Twain shaped the world’s view of America and made combination of American folk humor and serious literature.11. “The Mississippi River” is called “the father of waters” in America.12. Mark Twain’s writing: “The Guilded Age”; “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer”; “The prince and the pauper”; “Adventure of Huckleberry Finn”; “Life on the Mississippi”; “A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s court”.13. Huckleberry Finn is described by Mark Twain as a boy with “a sound heart and a deformed conscience”.14. Mark Twain, one of the greatest 19th century American writers, is well known for his local color.高级英语第一册修辞（1-9课）Figures of speech:Simile 明喻metaphor 暗喻personification 拟人Metonymy 换喻synecdoche 提喻euphemism 委婉语Irony 反语oxymoron 矛盾alliteration 压头韵Transferred epithet 移位修辞hyperbole 夸张anticlimax, repetition, antonomasia, parody.12) Have you ever seen a lame animal ,perhaps dog run over by some careless person rich enough to own a car ,sidle up to someone who is ignorant enough to be kind of him?(metaphor)13) And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe. (exaggeration)----P58, L4.14) I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out .(exaggeration)-15) After I tripped over it two or three times he told me to just call him Hakim-a-barber.(metaphor)-------P60,L4.16) “Maggie’s brain is like an elephant’s”.Wangerosaid ,laughing .(ironic)—P62, L4.17) You didn’t even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood .(metaphor)----P62,L4.-18) “Mama,”Wangero said sweet as a bird .“can I have these oldqui lts?”(simile)---P63, L4.19) She gasped like a bee had stung her .(simile)20) Churchill ,he reverted to this theme, and I asked whether for him, the arch anti-communist ,this was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon.(metaphor)21) If Hitler invaded Hell and would make at least a favorable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons.(exaggeration)----P79,L5.22) But all this fades away before the spectacle which is nowunfolding.(metaphor)I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.(simile)24）I see the Russian soldiers standing on the threshold of their nativeland ,guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial.(Metaphor)----P79, L5.25）I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky ,street smarting from many a British whipping to find what they believe is an easier and a saferprey.(Metaphor)---P80, L5.26) We will never parley; we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang. We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air. (Parallelism)27) Just as the industrial Revolution took over an immense range of tasks from men’s muscles and enormously expanded productivity. (Metonymy)Metaphor:Mark Twain --- Mirror of Americasaw clearly ahead a black wall of night...main artery of transportation in the young nation's heartthe vast basin drained three-quarters of the settled United StatesAll would resurface in his books...that he soaked up...Steamboat decks teemed...main current of...but its flotsamWhen railroads began drying up the demand......the epidemic of gold and silver fever...Twain began digging his way to regional fame...Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles......took unholy verbal shots...Simile:Most American remember M. T. as the father of......a memory that seemed phonographicHyperbole:...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...The cast of characters... - a cosmos.Parallelism:Most Americans remember ... the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure.Personification:life dealt him profound personal tragedies...the river had acquainted him with ......to literature's enduring gratitude......an entry that will determine his course forever...the grave world smiles as usual...Bitterness fed on the man...America laughed with him.Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.Antithesis:...between what people claim to be and what they really are.....took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land......a world which will lament them a day and forget them foreverEuphemism:...men's final release from earthly struggleAlliteration:...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home...with a dash and daring......a recklessness of cost or consequences...Metonymy:...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxeSynecdocheKeelboats,...carried the first major commerce高英默写：第5课第9和最后一段：丘吉尔演讲“I have to declare the decision of His Majesty‟s Government—and I feel sure it is a decision in which the great Dominions will in due course concur-for we must spead out now at once, without a day‟s delay. I have to make the declaration, but can you doubt what our policy will be？We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable purpose. We are resolved to destroy Hitler and every vestige of the Nazi regime. From this nothing will turn us—nothing. We will never parley, we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang. We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, until, with God‟s help, we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke. Any man or state who marches with Hitler is our foe…..That is our declaration. It follows therefore that we shall give whatever help we can to Russia and the Russia people. We shall appeal to all our friends and allies in every part of the world to take the same course and pursue it, as we shall faithfully and steadfastly to the end…“The Russia d anger is therefore our danger, and the danger of the United States, just as the cause of any Russian fighting for his hearth and home is the cause of free men and free peoples in every quarter of the globe. Let us learn the lessons alreadytaught by such cruel experience. Let us redouble our exertions, and strike with united strength life and power remain.”…第9课第1段：马克吐温Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn‟s idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and TomSawyer‟s endless summer of freedom and adventure. Indeed, this nation‟s best-loved author was every bit as adventurous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. I found another Twain as well—one who grew cynical, bitter, saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him, a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.1. But while the danger posed by Japan to other economies over the last decade has taken on the numbing form of economic stagnation and political lassitude, China poses the risk of fast, sharp shocks.高英Paraphrase及翻译:1.She thinks her sister has held life always in the palm of one hand.----She thinks that her sister has a firm control of her life.2.She washed us in a river of make-believe.----She imposed on us lots of falsity.3.Less than that.----It would take less than five years to break the old quilts into rags if Maggie put it in use.4.This was the way she knew God to work.----She knew that this was God‟s arrangement.5.Like good looks and money, quickness passed her by.----She is not bright just as she is neither good-looking nor rich.6.His invasion of Russia no more than a prelude to an attempted invasion of the British Isles.----After Hitler invade Russia, it would pave the way for his invasion to British Island.7.I will unsay no word that I have spoken about it.----I will not talk what I have said for communism.8.Let us redouble our exertions, and strike with united strength while life and power remain.----Let us strengthen our unity and our efforts in the fight against Nazi Germany when we have not yet been overwhelmed and when we are still powerful.9.My life is much simplified there by.----In this way, my life is made much easier, in this case, it will be much easier for me to decide on my attitude towards events.10.We shall be more strengthened not weakened in determination and in resources.----We shall be more determined and shall make better and fuller use of resources.11.Mark Twain digested the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecture.---- Mark Twain obsorbed the new American experience in the stirring years, and then shared it with the people all over the world by writing and lecturing.12.“and when she projects a new surprise, the grave world smiles as usual, and says‟ well, that California all over‟”----“and when California proposes for a new surprise, the dull, solemn dignified people in other states of the US would slime as usual and make a moment that is just like California.13.Now the gloves came off with biting satire.----Because of tragedy, Mark Twain gave up the humor and began with satire.14.The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied---a cosmos.----His new profession on the river made him meet people of all sorts.15.for making money, his pen would prove mightier than his pickax.----for making money, his writing could prove mightier, but his pickax could not.16.a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race.----a man who continually distressed by the moral weakness of human race.Translation:1. 一场大火把贫民区三百多座房子夷为平地。
高英复习资料
I. Each of the following sentences is given two choices of words or expressions. Choose the right one to complete the sentence and mark the corresponding letter on your answer sheet.1. When she saw how frightened he was at his mistake, her anger began to _________. (A. die away; B. fade away)2. Diogenes spend much of his life in the rich, lazy, corrupt Greek city of Corinth, mocking and satirizing its people, occasionally ____________(A. converting; B. changing ) one of them.3. Lying on the __________(A. bare; B. empty) earth, shoeless, bearded, half-naked, he looked like a beggar or a lunatic.4. Her husband told her that he had decided to _____________(A. restrain; B. restrict) himself to only three cigarettes a day from that day on.5. The police burst into the door and found the room was ___________(A. bare; B. empty). The thieves had already run away.6. He was mortally wounded in the stomach. That night he died with a __________(A. content;B. contented) look on his face.7. Can you __________(A. break off; B. break up) this long sentence into simpler ones?8. While he was away, the company was ___________( A. entrusted; B. trusted) to his son.9. Competition is not bad. But it has to be conducted in a ___________(A. human; B. humane) way.10. By that time, the building was ____________(A. shaking; B. trembling) violently. We could not even stand up.11. Peace talks work_________ the warring forces are prepared to compromise. (A. only if;B. if only)12. His father is a highly ____________(A. respectful; B. respected) professor who has won admiration for his impressive academic achievement.13. Skydiving must be an (A. exhilarated; B. exhilarating) experience.14. He had ___________(A. converted; B. changed) so much that I could hardly recognize him.15. This music is too ___________( A. melancholy; B. lonely) . let’s have something more cheerful.16. You must look at the situation in a(an) ___________(A. subjective; B. objective) way.17. Don’t ____________(A. trust; B. believe) a man who keeps flattering you. A true friend will never do that.II Structure and vocabulary Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then write down the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. What happened that day had a great __________ on people’s lives. Now they all know that no country can be completely _________ terrorist attack.A. effect, immune toB. impact, immune fromC. influence, free toD. result, free from2. It was inconsiderate of you to leave without saying goodbye; you really ________ so.A. shouldn’t have doneB. needn’t doC. mustn’t have doneD. mustn’t3. Don’t let us put it __________ until tomorrow. Let’s get it ____________ the way.A. aside, out ofB. off, out ofC. away, offD. off, outside4. None of their new products have sold well, ____________?A. haven’t theyB. have theyC. hasn’t itD. has it5. _________ invited to the opening ceremony of the fair, the couple were angry.A. Not to beB. Not having beenC. Not beingD. Not having6. Where did you come __________ these oranges? They are not easy to come ______ at this time of the year.A. across, byB. by, acrossC. into, upD. upon, about7. When he heard the news, he was infuriated ___________.A. without wordsB. beyond wordsC. speechlessD. at a loss for words8. ________ all our efforts, students are still not happy with the progress of our teaching reform. .A. WithB. ForC. Instead ofD. In spite9. Bad office planning will __________ both the employer and the employee and affect the performance of their duties.A. defeatB. disappointC. frustrateD. hinder10. Educators agree that sport provides an __________ for an adolescent’s feelings of aggression or frustration.A. overflowB. outletC. exhaustD. exit11. I don’t know what I can do to ________ your kindness?A. repayB. payC. paidD. replace12. Most technology, _________ for good purposes, can also be used for evil.A. if to be designedB. though designedC. when to be designedD. until designed13. She promised to take _______ my job immediately. That really took a big load ________ my shoulders.A. away, downB. up, fromC. over, offD. on, away14. This problem is too complicated. Le t’s leave it _________ for the moment..A. onB. behindC. asideD. off15. Don’t’ take me _______ a fool. I’m not that easily taken _____________.A. for, inB. as, abackC. as if, intoD. like, in16. _________ is reported in the newspapers, negotiations between the two countries are making headway.A. ThatB. WhatC. AsD. It17. It suddenly dawned _________ me that there was another thing that contributed ________ their economic success.A. to, toB. on, toC. on, forD. to, for18. Our modernization effort __________ a peaceful environment.A. requiresB. acquiresC. inquiresD. acquaints19. In spite of the women’s liberation movement, people are still not yet completely free ___ prejudice ___________ women.A. for, againstB. from, forC. from, againstD. in, towards20. There _________ nothing more to do in the office, Mr. Hopkins decided to call it a day.A. beingB. beenC. having beenD. to be21. We were __________ a great dilemma. But the Wei Ming came _________ a brilliant idea.A. facing to, upB. faced with, up withC. thrown into, acrossD. confronted with, to22. More than a hundred policemen were sent ______ _______ search of the bank robbers. .A. out, forB. off, toC. out, inD. away, on23. Don’t let us put it __________ until tomorrow. Let’s get it ____________ the way.A. aside, out ofB. off, out ofC. away, offD. off, outside24. We haven’t got much time. Let’s get ________ business.A. back onB. on forC. down toD. over with25. _________ invited to the opening ceremony of the fair, the couple were angry.A. Not to beB. Not having beenC. Not beingD. Not having26. Where did you come __________ these oranges? They are not easy to come ______ at this time of the year.A. across, byB. by, acrossC. into, upD. upon, about27. When he heard the news, he was infuriated ___________.A. without wordsB. beyond wordsC. speechlessD. at a loss for words28. ________ all their efforts, they cannot be certain that a nuclear device will never fall _____ the hands of terrorists.A. For, intoB. With, downC. For, offD. On, into29. I walked toward the only__________ seat in the restaurant, only to be told that it was already taken.A. hollowB. emptyC. vacantD. bare30. His friends all pleaded ________ him to attend the evening banquet, but he never showed _______ that night.A. with, offB. to, upC. for, upD. with, up31. I don’t know what I can do to ________ your kindness?A. repayB. payC. paidD. replace32. Most technology, _________ for good purposes, can also be used for evil.A. if to be designedB. though designedC. when to be designedD. until designed33. She promised to take _______ my job immediately. That really took a big load ________ my shoulders.A. away, downB. up, fromC. over, offD. on, away34. This problem is too complicated. Let’s leave it _________ for the moment..A. onB. behindC. asideD. off35. Don’t’ take me _______ a fool. I’m not that easily taken _____________.A. for, inB. as, abackC. as if, intoD. like, in36. _________ is reported in the newspapers, negotiations between the two countries are making headway.A. ThatB. WhatC. AsD. It37. It suddenly dawned _________ me that there was another thing that contributed ________ their economic success.A. to, toB. on, toC. on, forD. to, for38. Our modernization effort __________ a peaceful environment.A. requiresB. acquiresC. inquiresD. acquaints39. In spite of the women’s liberation movement, people are still not yet completely free ___ prejudice ___________ women.A. for, againstB. from, forC. from, againstD. in, towards40. There _________ nothing more to do in the office, Mr. Hopkins decided to call it a day.A. beingB. beenC. having beenD. to beIII Fill in the blanks with an appropriate preposition or adverb.1. His guess has been borne _________ by facts. The bridge was blown up by terrorists.2. Most important of all, students should be trained to search _____ new truths.3. We’ll set out an hour earlier to allow ________ possible traffic jams.4. You are not alone. We’ll back you ________.5. He is showing ______ again. He is afraid that there might be someone in the world who still does not know his talent.6. Many young white-collar workers are now childless by choice. It’s not that they can’t afford to provide _________ their families.7. The situation calls for a relentless effort to stamp ______ corruption.8. An ugly race riot broke out and the government was forced to call _____the police and the National Guards.9. It is not enough for the government to pump more funds ________ the economy. Our economy now calls for more private investment.10. One important thing we parents must understand is that our sons and daughters all aspire _______ independence at some point, and we must avoid too much interferences in their life. 11. The school has thrown in 10 million so that there will be enough student computers to go ________.12. Some of his relatives would occasionally come to seek employment ________ him, but he would always turn them down.13. He was opposed ________ the construction projects because they were not launched out of necessity.14. We’ll set ________ an hour earlier to allow for possible traffic jams.15. If we decide to build a dam, what will become ______ the people who live in this area?16. This country is now dependent ________ imports for more than 90% of their oil needs.IV Reading comprehensionI’m usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or les certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that today’s children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. in fact, the analysis showed, normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.Why are America’s kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation---brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things--- and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.Given that we can’t turn the clock hack, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope.At the top of the list is nurturing a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals againststress.To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep.Limit the amount of virtual violence your children are exposed to. It’s not just video games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news.Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale.Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidabl e. But it doesn’t have to ruin your life.1. The author thinks that the conclusions of any research about people’s state of mind are __________.A) surprising B) confusing C) illogical D) questionable2. What does the author mean when he says, “we can’t turn the clock back” (Line 1, Para. 3)?A) It’s impossible to slow down the pace of change.B) The social reality children are facing cannot be changed.C) Lessons leaned from the past should not be forgotten.D) It’s impossible to forget the past.3. According to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentally ill50 years ago _____________.A) were less isolated physically.B) were probably less self-centeredC) probably suffered less from anxietyD) were considered less individualistic4. The first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is ________.A) to provide them with a safer environmentB) to lower their expectations for them.C) to get them more involved sociallyD) to set a good model for them to follow.5. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A) Anxiety, though unavoidable, can be coped with.B) Children’s anxiety has been enormously exaggerated. .C) Children’s anxiety can be eliminated with more parental care.D) Anxiety, if properly controlled, may help children become mature. .It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don’t at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth’s story:I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubicle offices and window offices. I sat in the cubicles with several make colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles. Several males who were hired after me alsowent to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way.It would be nice i f we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but “nice” isn’t a quality attributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, you’ll probably have to ask for it.Performance is your best bargaining chip when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to demonstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs (a new client or a sizable contract, for example) just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want.Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services?Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction.1. According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should _________________.A) demonstrate his capabilityB) give his boss a good impressionC) ask for as much money as he canD) ask for the salary he hopes to get2. What can be inferred from Beth’s story?A) Prejudice against women still exists in some organizations.B) If people want what they deserve, they have to ask for it.C) People should not be content with what they have got.D) People should be careful when negotiating for a job.3. We can learn from the passage that _______________.A) unfairness exists in salary increasesB) most people are overworked and underpaidC) one should avoid overstating one’s performance.D) most organizations give their staff automatic pay raises4. To get a pay raise, a person should _________.A) advertise himself on the job marketB) persuade his boss to sign a long-term contractC) try to get inside information about the organizationD) do something to impress his boss just before merit pay decisions.5. To be successful in negotiations, one must __________.A) meet his boss at the appropriate timeB) arrive at the negotiation table punctuallyC) be good at influencing the outcome of the interactionD) be familiar with what the boss likes and dislikesV ClozeIt’s an annual back-to-school routine. One morning you wave goodbye, and that (1)_______evening you’re burning the l ate-night oil in sympathy. In the race to improveeducational standards, (2)___________ are throwing the books at kids. Even elementary school students are complaining of homework (3)__________. What’s a well-meaning parent to do?As hard as it may be, sit back and chill, experts advise. Though you’ve got to get them to do it, (4)__________helping too much, or even examining answers too carefully, you may keep them (5)__________doing it by themselves. “I wouldn’t advise a parent to check every (6)________ assignment,” says psychologist John Rosemond, author of Ending the Tough Homework. “There’s a (7)_________ of appreciation for trial and error. Let your children (8)________ the grade they deserve. ”Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink their mistakes. But “you don’t want them to feel it has to be (9)_______,” she says.That’s not to say parents should (10)_______ homework---first, they should monitor how much homework their kids have. Thirty minutes a day in the early elementary years and an hour in (11)_________ four, five and six is standard, says Rosemond. For junior-high students it should be “(12)___________ more than an hour and a half,” and two for high-school students. If your child (13)________ has more homework than this, you may want to check (14)___________ other parents and then talk to the teacher about (15)___________ assignments.1. A) very B) exact C) right D) usual2. A) officials B) parents C) experts D) schools3. A) fatigue B) confusion C) duty D) puzzle4. A) via B) under C) by D) for5. A) off B) without C) beyond D) from6. A) single B) piece C) page D) other7. A) drop B) short C) cut D) lack8. A) acquire B) earn C) gather D) reach9. A) perfect B) better C) unusual D) complete10. A) forget B) refuse C) miss D) ignore11. A) classes B) groups C) grades D) terms12. A) about B) no C) much D) few13. A) previously B) rarely C) merely D) consistently14. A) with B) in C) out D) up15. A) finishing B) lowering C) reducing D) decliningBecause Americans are living longer than ever, more psychologists and social workers have begun to study caregiving to improve care of the elderly. They have found that all caregivers share a (1)________characteristic: they all believe that they are the best people (2)________ the job, for different reasons. One caregiver said that she had (3)_________ been close to her mother. Another was the oldest child. (4)___________another was the youngest child. In other (5)_________, they all felt that they could do the job better than (6)___________ else. Social workers interviewed caregivers to find out (7)___________ they took on the responsibility of caring for an elderly, (8)________ relative. They discovered three basic reasons. Many caregivers believed that they had a(n) (9)________ to help their relative. Some stated that helping others made them feel more (10)_________. Others hoped that by helping someone now, they (11)________ care when they became old and dependent.In the U.S. family members provide over 80 percent of the care that elderly people need. The average middle-aged couple can look forward (12)_________ for elderly parents some time after their children have grown up. (13)_________because people today live longer (14)__________ an illness than people did years ago, family members must provide long-term care. These facts also (15)____________ that after caregivers provide for their elderly parents, who will eventually die, they will be old and may require care too.1. A) common B) general C) ordinary D) widespread2. A) at B) for C) in D) on3. A) always B) often C) never D) usually4. A）But B) Even C) Still D) Yet5. A) cases B) respects C) terms D) words6. A) everyone B) anyone C) no one D) someone7. A) how B) what C) why D) when8. A) dependent B) dependable C) helpless D) reliable9. A) burden B) affection C) responsibility D) charge10. A) useful B) delightful C) meaningful D) respectful11. A) observe B) deserve C) preserve D) reserve12. A) cared B) to care C) to caring D) caring13. A) Moreover B) But C) So D) Therefore14. A) because of B) before C) in spite of D) after15. A) suggest B) prove C) mean D) show。
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Additional exercise to Lesson Four Inaugural AddressI. Choose the one which is equal to the word given blow:1. inauguralA. holy and sacred place in a churchB. formal speech made by a person on taking officeC. shelter from trouble, dangerD. talk for the purpose of teaching2. sovereignA. self-governingB. self-sufficientC. self-centeredD. self-respected3. subversionA. rebuildingB. successionC. destroyingD. salvage4. invectiveA. beautiful wordsB. facial expressionsC. convincing speechD. abusive language5. invokeA. call forthB. take downC. put upD. take the form of6. prescribeA. order or directB. produceC. protectD. agree7. tribulationA. contributionB. deliveryC. distributionD. great difficulty or trouble8. adversaryA. a person who gives adviceB. a friendC. an enemyD. a listener9. civilityA. rough mannersB. polite behaviourC. polite citizenD. rude person10. engulfA. swallow upB. consider aboutC. clean upD. imprint on11. heedA. rise on feetB. strike on the headC. give new life and strengthD. pay attention toA. person or thing that protectsB. a court order prohibiting or ordering a given actionC. a person or animal inhabiting a specified placeD. an apparatus used in inhaling medicinal vapors13. asunderA. from belowB. apart in direction or positionC. in or to a low placeD. from an upright position14. belabourA. ask sb. to work hardB. set upon with too much talkC. furnish with powerD. force upon others15. eradicaterA. cut into many small partsB. go round in circleC. draw together into a small spaceD. put an end to; destroy16. observeA. celebrateB. preserveC. orateD. help17. almightyA. intensiveB. all-powerfulC. instructiveD. all-round18. symbolizeA. make signalB. show pityC. representD. present19. undoingA. showingB. lazinessC. coverD. destruction20. permitA. fill inB. consentC. get intoD. explain21. commitA. pledgeB. omitC. refrainD. repeat22. hostA. a fewB. multitudeC. houseD. exclusionA. dominationB. transactionC. disintegrationD. association24. castA. insertB. fallC. throwD. leap25. preyA. victimB. requireC. addressD. beg26. aggressionA. defenceB. invasionC. injuryD. disclosure27. outpaceA. fall behindB. step outC. walk outsideD. surpass28. anewA. once moreB. strangeC. famousD. weary29. testimonyA. evidenceB. witnessC. liberationD. trial30. inspectionA. predictionB. warm speechC. expectationD. examinationII. Complete the words according to the definitions, the first letter of the word is given:1. the sense of right and wrong c2. the largest or greatest number, amount, etc. m3. drawn up ready for battle e4. to express clearly and exactly f5. that which has been or may be inherited h6. to take an oath s7. the quality of being generous g8. any public place in which discussions take place f9. formal written order in the name of a court of law, government, or other authority, directing aperson to do or not to sth. w10. to do away with completely a11. either half of the celestial sphere as divided by the ecliptic, the celestial equator, or the horizon.h12. a group of persons gathered together for a common reason, as for a legislative, religious,educational, or social purpose. a13. to confer with another or others in order to come to terms or reach an agreement n14. the act of suspecting something, especially something wrong, on little evidence or withoutproof s15. to keep in perfect or unaltered condition; maintain unchanged. p16. to call together s17. feelings of devoted attachment and affection l18. be delighted r19. a conscientious or concerted effort toward an end; an earnest attempt e20. ardent, often selfless affection and dedication d21. something promoting or contributing to happiness, well-being, or prosperity; a boon b22. the act or an instance of seeking or pursuing something; a search. q23. to release or loose from or as if from a leash u24. to give warning to a25. free or almost free from change, variation, or fluctuation; uniform st26. to have meaning or importance s27. deeply earnest, serious, and sober s> 28. a solemn, formal declaration or promise to fulfill a pledge, often calling on God or a sacredobject as witness o29. a person from whom one is descended; an ancestor f30. an adversary; an opponent fIV. Reading Comprehension:1. The real thesis of this piece of exposition is _______A. Pub talk and the King’s EnglishB. Conversation is the most sociable of all human activitiesC. Bar conversation has a charm of its ownD. The King’s English2. This piece of exposition is _____ in style.A. formalB. informalC. sarcasticD. serious3. One of the reasons for him to like bar conversation is that ______.A. He was a sociable person and enjoyed talking with others.B. e was brought up in the English pubs.C. He was deeply involved in bar-goers’ lives.D. He was a frequenter of the English pubs4. “The King’s English ” came into being in ______.A. 16th centuryB. 17th centuryC. 15th centuryD. 18th century5. The worst conversationalist is the person who ______.A. is not making a pointB. is prepared to looseC. is trying to talk senseD. slips and slides in conversationVII. Translation:1. 他们的友谊是在困难时期由于同甘苦共患难而结成的。