2011年苏州大学考博英语试卷【4篇阅读理解真题与答案】

2011年苏州大学考博英语阅读理解真题基本题型一般，其中翻译占25分，包括英译汉和汉译英，作文题目是：Changes and Opportunities.阅读理解：四六级难度第一篇阅读：In today's world, insurance plays a vital role in the economic and social welfare of the entire population. The wish to guard against dangers to life and property is basic to human nature. By using various kinds of insurance, society has been able to reduce the effects of such hazards.Nowhere is insurance more important than in the management of a business. In many instances, losses in a small firm can mean the difference between growth and failure, vitality and stagnation (停滞).Very few small businesses have even a portion of the financial resources available to larger enterprises. Frequently, they must operate on a very slight margin if they hope to stay in business. And thus, they are particularly sensitive to unexpected losses.Without enough insurance, what happens to such a firm when the owner dies or is suddenly disabled? When a fire breaks out and destroys the firm's building or stock? When an employee is found to have stolen company funds? When a customer is awarded a liability judgment for an accident? Too often, the business is forced to the wall, its future operations drastically curbed; sometimes, it is damaged beyond repair, its ability to continue completely crushed.Almost always, a small businessman would find it impossible to handle the full burden of his potential risk. The amount of money he would have to set aside to cover possible losses would leave him nothing, or almost nothing, to run his business with. If loss were to occur which he could repair by using his reserve fund, what assurance would he have that another loss—the same kind or different—might not occur next week, next month? But then he would have no reserve fund and little likelihood of staying in business at all.1. This selection deals mainly with_______.A. the relation between insurance and societyB. accidents and lossesC. business failuresD. the importance of insurance to business2. In Paragraph 3, "forced to the wall" means "_______".A. driven to despairB. staying in a strong positionC. doing wellD. climbing up3. The author thinks that_______.A. accidents always happenB. a businessman should take risksC. businesses should have adequate insuranceD. insurance is a social welfare project4. Adequate insurance will do all of the following EXCEPT that it will_______.A. free some business fundsB. add to benefits for employeesC. relieve some management problemsD. provide for unexpected incidents5. The word "curbed" in Paragraph 3 is nearest in meaning to_______.A. CheckedB. advancedC. expandedD. disturbed第二篇阅读：Greece, economically, is in the black. With very little to export other than such farm products as tobacco, cotton and fruit, the country earns enough from 'invisible earnings' to pay for its needed, growing imports. From the sending out of things the Greeks, earn only $285 million; from tourism, shipping and the remittances of Greeks abroad, the country takes in an additional #375 million and this washes out the almost $400 million by which imports exceed exports.It has a balanced budget. Although more than one drachma out of four goes for defense, the government ended a recent year with a slight surplus -- $66 million. Greece has a decent reserve of almost a third of a billion dollars in gold and foreign exchange. It has a government not dependent on coalescing incompatible parties to obtain parliamentary majorities.In thus summarizing a few happy highlights, I don't mean to minimize the vast extent of Greece's problems. It is the poorest country by a wide margin in Free Europe, and poverty is widespread. At best an annual income of $60 to $70 is the lot of many a peasant, and substantial unemployment plagues the countryside, cities, and towns of Greece. There are few natural resources on which to build any substantial industrial base. Some years ago I wrote here: "Greek statesmanship will have to create anatmosphere in which home and foreign savings will willingly seek investment opportunities in the back ward economy of Greece. So far, most American and other foreign attempt have bogged down in the Greek government's red tape and shrewdness about small points."Great strides have been made. As far back as 1956, expanding tourism seemed a logical way to bring needed foreign currencies and additional jobs to Greece. At that time I talked with the Hilton Hotel people, who had been examining hotel possibilities, and to the Greek government division responsible for this area of the economy. They were hopelessly deadlocked in almost total differences of opinion and outlook.Today most of the incredibly varied, beautiful, historical sights of Greece have new, if in many cases modest, tourist facilities. Tourism itself has jumped from approximately $31 million to over $90 million. There is both a magnificent new Hilton Hotel in Athens and a completely modernized, greatly expanded Grande Bretagne, as well as other first-rate new hotels. And the advent of jets has made Athens as accessible as Paris or Rome – without the sky-high prices of traffic-choked streets of either.6. The title below that best expresses the ideas of this passage is _____.[A] Greek income and expenditures[B] The improving economic situation in Greece[C] The value of tourism[D] Military expenditures7. Many peasants earn less than _____.[A] $60 a week [B] $2 a week [C] $1 a day [D] $10 a month8. The Greek Government spends _____.[A] more than 25%of its budget on military terms[B] More than its collects[C] A third of a billion dollars in gold[D] Less than 25% of its budget on military terms9. According to the passage, Greece has _____.[A] a dictatorship[B] a monarchy[C] a single majority party[D] too much red tape10. Greece imports annually goods and materials _____.[A] totaling almost $700 million[B] that balance exports[C] that are paid by tourists[D] costing $66 million第三篇阅读：No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess (公爵夫人) of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such virtue.The Problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Consequently, I have been on a diet for the better -- or worse -- part of my life. Being rich wouldn't be bad either, but that won't happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, leaving me millions of dollars.Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin, and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing, if not repellent? All religions have certain days when PeOPle refrain from eating, and excessive eating is one of Christianity's seven deadly sins. However until quite recently, most People had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, Wealth was a symbol of probable salvation and nigh morals, and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being.Today the opposite is true. We have shifted to thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result is that being fat -- or even only somewhat overweight -- is bad because it implies a lack of moral strength.Our obsession (迷恋) with thinness is also fueled by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before, and that, in many cases, being over weight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These diseases, however, may have as much to do with our way of life and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problem -- too much fat and a lack of fiber -- than a weight problem.The real concern, then, is not that we weigh too much, but that we neither exercise enough nor eat well. Exercise is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balanced diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop -paying so much attention to weight. Simplybeing thin is not enough. It is actually hazardous if those who get (or already are) thin think they are automatically healthy and thus free from paying attention to their overall life-style. Thinness can be pure vainglory (虚荣).26、In the eyes of the author an odd phenomenon nowadays is that ________.A) the Duchess of Windsor is regarded as a woman of virtueB) looking slim is a symbol of having a large fortuneC) being thin is viewed as a much desired qualityD) religious people are not necessarily virtuous27、Swept by the prevailing trend, the author ________.A) had to go on a diet for the greater part of her lifeB) could still prevent herself from going off the trackC) had to seek help from rich distant relativesD) had to wear highly fashionable clothes28、In human history people’s v iews on body weight ________.A) were closely related to their religious beliefsB) changed from time to timeC) varied between the poor and the richD) led to different moral standards29、The author criticizes women's obsession with thinness ________ .A) from an economic and educational perspectiveB) from sociological and medical points of viewC) from a historical and religious standpointD) in the light of moral principles30、What's the author’s advice to women who are absorbed in the idea of thinness?A) They should be more concerned with their overall lifestyle.B) They should be more watchful for fatal diseases.C) They should gain weight to look healthy.D) They should rid themse1ves of fantasies about designer clothes.第四篇阅读：While the cities of China have undergone modernization evident in the rising towers and bright lights that have awakened the sleeping country, the countryside remains largely the same.『Rectangular rows of rice fields litter the landscape separated by long lanes of water designed to provide the constant supply of water that is vital to producing the crop.』The experience is not unlike driving through the American Midwest, only rice not corn dominates the landscape.Four years ago, when I last took this trip, the roads were dust and telephone wires did not run parallel to the highway. Bare roads have been replaced by sleek, newly paved highways running from Shanghai to Nanking, to my smaller, home city, Wuhu. Unlike the changes I had heard of and expected in Shanghai, Wuhu was much more of a surprise. The small city where I was born had grown up as I have. There are large high-rise buildings, each ringed with smaller buildings around it, many of these apartment complexes. Little seemed familiar and I wonde r what my grandparent’s flat built of brick and mortar had become.『Perhaps I shouldn’t have been surprised to find out that their home had been demolished and rebuilt as a six story apartment complex as well. 』Walking up to the second floor I saw my gr andfather’s face peering out of the screen door. He began to smile as he saw me, and so did I. Their home is now no different from a western apartment. Equipped with the modern amenities of a gas stove, a toilet, a shower this was indeed different from four years ago.1. According to the author, dramatic changes took place in.A. cities but not countryside of ChinaB. both cities and countryside of ChinaC. countryside but not in large citiesD. everywhere2. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that .A. peasants lead similar life all over the worldB. Chinese irrigating system is more impressing than that in AmericaC. peasants in Midwest America raise more corns while Chinese peasants raisemore riceD. peasants in Midwest America raise more rice while Chinese peasants raise morecorn3. The author was traveling to Wuhu.A. in order to take a stop during the trip from Shanghai to NankingB. in order to find some place similar to his hometownC. in order to visit his grand parentsD. in order to find out changes in small cities4. The author’s grand parents.A. live in their house of brick and mortarB. live in an apartment similar to westernersC. led a totally westernized lifeD. was poor as they always were5. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A. Flash back to ChinaB. From Shanghai to NankingC. Wuhu TodayD. Back With My Grand Parents1、答案：DA CBA2、答案：BBACA3、答案：CAABA4、答案：ACCBA。