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2023全国高考真题英语汇编：阅读理解B篇

2023全国高考真题英语汇编阅读理解B篇一、阅读理解（2023·全国·统考高考真题）When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”1．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?A．He was fond of traveling.B．He enjoyed being alone.C．He had an inquiring mind.D．He longed to be a doctor.2．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?A．To feed the animals.B．To build an ecosystem.C．To protect the plants.D．To test the eco-machine.3．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?A．To review John’s research plans.B．To show an application of John’s idea.C．To compare John’s different jobs.D．To erase doubts about John’s invention.4．What is the basis for John’s work?A．Nature can repair itself.B．Organisms need water to survive.C．Life on Earth is diverse.D．Most tiny creatures live in groups.（2023·全国·统考高考真题）Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts,a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says.She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”5．What do we know about Abby Jaramillo?A．She used to be a health worker.B．She grew up in a low-income family.C．She owns a fast food restaurant.D．She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.6．What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program?A．The kids’ parents distrusted her.B．Students had little time for her classes.C．Some kids disliked garden work.D．There was no space for school gardens.7．Which of the following best describes the impact of the program?A．Far-reaching.B．Predictable.C．Short-lived.D．Unidentifiable.8．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．Rescuing School Gardens B．Experiencing Country LifeC．Growing Vegetable Lovers D．Changing Local Landscape（2023·北京·统考高考真题）Sitting in the garden for my friend’s birthday. I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…” and my vision blurred (模糊). The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme — had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for.I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career.So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all.I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue.When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (视角) to keep it from sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited about.Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them.9．How did the author feel upon seeing the email sender’s name?A．Anxious.B．Angry.C．Surprised.D．Settled.10．After talking with Professor Devon, the author decided to ________.A．criticise the review process B．stay longer in the Sahara DesertC．apply to the original project again D．put his heart and soul into the lab work11．According to the author, the project with the robotics professor was ________.A．demanding B．inspiring C．misleading D．amusing12．What can we learn from this passage?A．An invitation is a reputation.B．An innovation is a resolution.C．A rejection can be a redirection.D．A reflection can be a restriction.（2023·全国·统考高考真题）Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £5 in pocket money. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with, painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and it was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.”Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around £823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifths wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.13．Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1?A．An artist.B．A winner.C．A specialist.D．A pioneer.14．Why did Terri’s grandfather give her £5 a day?A．For a birthday gift.B．As a treat for her work.C．To support her DIY projects.D．To encourage her to take up a hobby.15．How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented?A．By making it look like before.B．By furnishing it herself.C．By splitting the rent with a roommate.D．By cancelling the rental agreement.16．What trend in DIY does the research show?A．It is becoming more costly.B．It is getting more time-consuming.C．It is turning into a seasonal industry.D．It is gaining popularity among females.（2023·全国·统考高考真题）Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation.Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.17．How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest?A．By teaming up with other photographers.B．By shooting in the countryside or state parks.C．By studying the geographical conditions.D．By creating settings in the corn fields.18．What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author?A．Proper time management.B．Good shooting techniques.C．Adventurous spirit.D．Distinctive styles.19．What can we infer from the author’s trip with friends to Devil’s Lake?A．They went crazy with the purple quartz rock.B．They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset.C．They reached the shooting spot later than expected.D．They had problems with their equipment.20．How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake?A．Amusing.B．Satisfying.C．Encouraging.D．Comforting.参考答案1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。

高考英语阅读理解训练题及答案解析(4篇)

高考英语阅读理解训练题及答案解析（4篇）高考英语阅读理解训练题及答案解析 1To Richard Dorsay, a 36-year-old homeless Chicagoan. it was, at last, a place to call his own But to everyone else. it was the Lake Shore Drive road bridge, so when Chicago city authorities discovered Dorsay living inside the bridge's steel s1ructurc last month. they had no choice but to drive him away.He had been living in the bridge for three years. lie also furnished it with a television, a microwave and a PlayStation, and borrowed power from the municipal(市政的)electricity supply. But that wasn't the most extraordinary thing. The most extraordinary thing was that the Lake Shore Drive Bridge is a drawbridge.“The first time, it was scary," Dorsay told a reporter from the Chicago Sun-Times, recalling how a bell would ring and his home would tip into the air, allowing ships to pass along the Chicago River below. "After that, it was almost like riding a ferry's wheel." Brian Steele, a spokesman for the Chicago Department of Transportation, puts it more straightforwardly. "Essentially," he says, "it changed his living space from horizontal(水平的) to vertical. "Dorsay had a history of homelessness and emotional problem. but inthe bridge. he thought, he had finally found a kind of stability. "You've got to be kind of agile(敏捷的)," he admitted. "But it doesn't take genius to figure out what to do. " Dorsay is now without a home, though he is currently staying with his parents. Gary, his father, said,"I've always hoped that he would find a place and he would seek employment. He is strong enough and bright enough to do something."(B) 24. According to Richard Dorsay, why did he like living in the bridge?A. It was free.B. He felt more secure there.C. It was an extraordinary thing.D. He liked scary things.推理题。

高考语文阅读理解文章精彩8篇

高考语文阅读理解文章精彩8篇高考语文阅读理解文章篇篇一诚然，在浮躁的社会中，这种随遇而安、安然闲适的处世态度犹如一股清流，使人在自己的世界中得到属于自己的小确幸，在自己的小天地中感悟自己的喜怒哀乐，不让外界的纷纷扰扰去影响自己的内心世界。

这样的生活确实可以让人活得轻松自在，但却也容易导致自己的人生过于乏味，缺少尘世间的烟火味而使人与时代脱轨。

因此，作为青年人切不能在自己的小世界中沉沦，不能甘做井底之蛙，而要勇于在外面的世界中立足，同生活作斗争，活出青春应有的热血澎湃！青春需要拼搏与奋斗，需要经历痛苦与挫折，这样方能使青年人在磨砺中成长，安于一隅的生活固然安逸自在，却难以享受到热血拼搏获得的精彩。

不曾凌绝顶，又怎能体会“一览众山小”的喜悦呢？冰心曾言：“青年人啊，为着后来的回忆小心着急地描写着你现在的图画。

”是啊，青春是每个人年华逝去后最美的回忆，有谁不希望自己以后忆起年轻时候的日子时充满激情与澎湃，又有多少人甘心自己的生活庸庸碌碌，平淡无奇呢？_称：“年轻一代的性格就是时代的性格。

”我们青年作为国家的栋梁，时代的守望者，应以积极的态度去迎接生活的挑战，而不是以与世无争的态度面对事物。

国家要富强，民族要振兴，需要青年人的奋斗和努力，做出贡献。

只有青年人心中都充满乐观与向上，我们的国家才能蒸蒸日上。

尼采说：“每一个不曾起舞的日子，都是对生命的辜负。

”认真、充满活力与热血地过好每一天是对生命的珍爱和尊重。

生活不应是像一潭死水一般毫无波澜，而应是像不断前进的江水一样越过艰难险阻最终汇入海洋。

乌尔曼有言：“年年岁岁只在你的额头上留下皱纹，但你在生活中如果缺少激情，你的心灵就会布满皱纹。

”让我们拒绝“佛系”，过无悔的青春，在拼搏中尽显英雄本色。

众所周知，中国是拥有5000年历史的文明古国，自先秦以来，便有百家争鸣，宋朝甚至出现过儒释道三教呈三足鼎立之势。

为何当年汉武帝选择独尊儒术？又为什么如今我们继承和发扬的是儒家文化？孔子说：“天下有道，丘不与易也”。

高考英语阅读理解50篇

2009年高考英语阅读理解训练50篇（1）1Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hor- mones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etC．In general the person feels excited and ready to act.Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, ―Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.‖Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger.二There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have ever taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority (优先) it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities (复杂性) of spelling.If spelling becomes the only focal (焦点的) point of his teacher‘s interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid adventurous language. That‘s why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience: ―This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is terrible.‖ It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil‘s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted(省略) to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child‘s deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the child‘ s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation (动机) to seek improvement.三Perhaps the most famous theory, the study of body movement, was suggested by Professor Ray Birdwhistell. He believes that physical appearance is often culturally programmed. In otherwords, we learn our looks--- we are not born with them.A baby has generally informed face features. A baby, according to Birdwhistell, learns where to set the eyebrows by looking at those around--- family and friends. This helps explain why the people of some areas of the US looks much alike.New Englanders or Southerners have certain common face features that can not be explained by genetics (遗传学). The exact shape of the mouth is not set at birth, it is learned after. In fact, the final mouth shape is not formed until well after new teeth are set. For many, this can be well into grown-ups. A husband and wife together for a long time often come to look somewhat alike. We learn our looks from those around us.This is perhaps why in a single country there are areas where people smile more than those in other areas. In the US, for example, the south is the part of the country where the people smile most frequently. In New England they smile less, and in the western part of New York States still less. Many southerners find cities such as New York cold and unfriendly, partly because people in Madison Avenue smile less than people on Peachtree Street in Atlanta, Georgia. People in largely populated areas also smile and greet each other in public less than people in small towns do.五California—Upset by the war in Iraq, Julia Wilson expressed her anger and impatience with President Bush last spring on her web page on . She posted a picture of the president, wrote ―Kill Bush ‖ across the top and drew a sword stabbing his outstretched hand. She later replaced her page after learning in her eighth-grade history class that such threats are a federal offense.It was too late, Federal authorities had found the page and placed Wilson on their checklist. They finally reached her this week in her biology class. The 14—year—old was taken out of class Wednesday and questioned for about 15 minutes by two Secret Service agents. The incident has upset her parents, who said the agents should have included them when questioning their daughter.The teenager said the agents‘ questioning led her to tears. ―I wasn‘t dangerous,‖ said Wilson, an honor student who describes herself as politically enthusiastic. ―I‘m a peace-loving person. I‘m against the war in Iraq. I‘m not going to kill the president.‖Her mother, Kirstie Wilson, said two agents showed up at the family‘s home Wednesday afternoon, questioned her and promised to return once her daughter was home from school.After they left, Kirstie Wilson sent a next message to her daughter‘s call phone, asking her to come straight home and telling her that two men from the secret service wanted to talk with her.But moments later, Kirstie Wilson received a text message from her daughter saying agents had pulled her out of class.Julia Wilson said the agents threatened her, saying she could be sent to court for making the threat. ―They yelled at me a lot,‖ she said. ―They were unnecessarily mean.‖Wilson and her parents said the agents were justified in questioning her over her posting. But they said the agents went too far by not waiting until she was out of school and the agents should have more quickly figured out they weren‘t dealing with a real danger.Assistant Principal Paul Robinon said the agents gave him the impression the girl‘s mother knew they were planning to question her daughter at school. There is no legal requirement that parents be notified.―This has been an on-going problem.‖said Ann Brick, a lawyer with the American Civil Liberties Union in San Francisco.Former governors Pete Wilson and Gray Davis vetoed(否决) bills that would have required that parents give permission or be present when their children are questioned at school by law enforcement officers.4．The author wrote this story mainly to .A．struggle against the war in Iraq started by the USB．discuss whether parents should be included when children are questionedC．warn teenagers not to post web pages on websitesD．criticize the former governors who vetoed the bill六When Nathan Winograd announced that he was leaving his job as a lawyer in California to run an animal shelter in Tompkins County, New York, his father looked at him for a long minute and then asked, ―What do dogs and cats need a lawyer for?‖The move meant giving up eight weeks‘ vacation, an office with a view of the San Francisco Bay and a big house among the redwoods, and moving to a rural area know for its harsh winters. But Winograd‘s wife, Jennifer, also an animal lover, was all for it. So they packed everything they owned, and with two young children, plus two dogs, and a bunch of cats Winograd had rescued, drove cross—country.On the second day, they had no room for six more puppies they received. They found an old horse trough, filled it with hay and nestled the animals inside. They placed it next to the front desk, and within a day or two, all six had homes, adopted by people who walked into the shelter and couldn‘t resist.Blind dogs, cats with missing limbs—all find homes. ―There is no dog or cat too old, too ugly or too undesirable not to be adopted by someone,‖ says Winograd.Today, Tompkins County is considered the only no-kill county in the United States. Nine out of ten dogs cats that come through the shelter doors are saved. Only animals with incurable injuries or illnesses, and the truly evil, are put down. The national average is half of all dogs and 70 percent of cats, totaling more than four million animals last year alone.Even though he drives an old car that leaks when it rains, and his family lives on a tight budget while his classmates from Stanford Law earn six-figure salaries, Winograd says he‘s doing what he‘d always wanted to do when he grew up; run an animal shelter and save all the animals.As a young district lawyer, he kept his goal in mind, starting when he raised his first animal cruelty case. A man was accused of intentionally setting his brown cat on fire. Winograd made his case, and the abusive owner was sentenced to prison.It was the first of many such cases, and he raised each with vigor. But the senseless violence, neglect and ignorance never failed to shock him. He decided simply, ―I need to get to the other side and start saving these animals.‖Now, Winograd is helping to save thousands, even millions, ―I‘m convinced that a no kill nation is possible, I‘m just here trying to shorten the time until it arrives.‖4．Which could be the best title of the passage?A．Being Rich is Important B．Animals, Our Best FriendsC．No Pet Left behind D．The Winograd Family七This website is meant for the short story and for those interested in reading light articles.If you have a ―classic‖short story you would like added here, please don‘t be shy about e-mailing me in this regard as I would be happy to give your favorite story consideration. I have a fairly large collection of short stories; however, if you want to send a story to me, I would appreciated it (this would save me scanning time).Please note three things about this site. One, some of the biographies are not available( the focus of this site is the story, not the biographies). If they are not in the book from which I am scanning the story, I will not go through my collection looking for a bio. Two, I will be focusing on shorter short stories. No Tolstoi or F. Scott Fitzgerald here (unless you are willing to send me the story ready to go online)! Maybe some day I will want to spend an entire day or two on one story, but not at this time. Three, I have no summaries or analyses, so you needn‘t ask. I read short stories often, but only for the enjoyment of doing so. I have very little desire to analyze what I am reading for that deep, hidden meaning.Fewer and fewer people these days read short stories. This is unfortunate-so few will ever experience the joy that reading such fine work can give. The goal of this site is to give a nice cross section of short stories in the hope that these short stories will excite these people into rediscovering this excellent source of entertainment.Happy reading! Oh yes, visit the bannered sites on this page. This is how we survive and thus keep this free site on line. If you are familiar with the costs involved with bandwidth, you will understand that a site such as this one requires a lot of bandwidth (as it is visited heavily), which can be quite expensive. So, if you appreciate this collection, go buy something. Thank you! 1．The passage is mainly about .A．what the website focuses onB．how to email short stories to the websiteC．why fewer and fewer people enjoy readingD．how to find short stories on this websites4．The purpose of writing this article is to .A．advertise his or her website and booksB．explain how this website is keptC．explain who this website is forD．discuss whether we should read on line九Never forget where you come fromMany of us remember the touching television advertisement where the actor Iron Eyes Cody sheds a tear over litter. Such Native images are often used to convey the idea of saving mother earth. People who accept this image find it difficult to bring together what they have seen of some reservations—shabby homes, broken cars, underfed dogs, weeds in winds, and coal strip mines. Those who most romanticize American Indians are the quickest to be disappointed and discover that things are not as good as they have once believed. However, Indians‘ relationship with the land is much more complicated(复杂的) than those two black and white images which appeared in the television.Historically, tribal(部落的) people around the globe have had close ties with the earth. Lakota historian Vine Deloria, Jr., tells the story of the Ponca people who were taken from their rangeover a century ago and transported against their will to Oklahoma. Otherwise healthy, many Ponca wasted and died from no other clear cause than separation from their home. As Cheryl Crazy Bull says in this issue, ―The land is our relative. Without land, tribal people lose their identity—the land along with language, spiritual beliefs, and social systems distinguishes tribal people from others.‖To many people in the United States, the Indian reservation is an embarrassment. It represents the American version of racial seperation—a prison without walls where the government confined Indians to keep them apart from other Americans. To Indian people the reservation is home, regardless of what it looks like. They have spiritual, emotional, and family ties. Many of their relatives still live there or are buried there, and their creation stories are centered there.Americans tend to pull up roots and separate from their birthplace, moving from city to city many times. Many of us non—Indians have never visited the places where our ancestors are buried or the houses where our parents were born. Western nations use Earth in the same way, as if we can go to another planet when the air and water become too dirty. On the other hand, tribes are very familiar with the concept of limited resource. They cannot get another reservation if theirs becomes too polluted.1．What does the writer mainly intend to state in this passage?A．American Indians are disappointed with their living environment.B．American Indians lead a miserable life now.C．Television advertisements can have an unexpected effect on people.D．Land is very important to people, especially tribal people.4．What topic does this article focus on?A．Family life of the Indians.B．People‘s attitude towards land.C．The history of tribal people.D．Environmental pollution nowadays.十The octopus‘s（章鱼）reputation as a human-killer isn‘t simply an exaggeration（夸张）—it is a total myth. The octopus can indeed be a deadly hunter, but only of its natural victims. Some shellfish（壳类动物）and an occasional sick or incautious fish have reason to be frightened of this multi-armed hunter, but a person is much too large to interest even the biggest octopus. Even the largest among octopi is much smaller than most people imagine. Far from being large enough to swallow a ship, as monster octopi in movies have been known to do, the largest octopus, found on the Pacific coast, weighs around 110 pounds and grows to no more than ten feet in width.The hard, parrot-like beak（喙）of an octopus is not used for attacking deep-sea divers, but for cutting open shellfish. Indeed, the octopus possesses such a tiny throat that it cannot swallow large pieces of meat. Instead, it feeds by pouring digestive juices into its victims, and then sucking up the soupy remains. A shellfish that finds itself in the grasp of an octopus has only a short time to live. But human beings are perfectly safe. Still, people rarely care to go close enough to these careful creatures to get a good look at them.1．This passage is mainly about .A．the horrors of the octopusB．the largest octopus in the worldC．octopi and their behaviourD．the octopus‘s deadly hunting method十一We all hate speed cameras, don‘t we? They‘re not there to slow drivers down and lower the road accidents; they just make money for the government. They trick us, cost us cold hard cash, disturb us from driving properly and are unfair.Well, here‘s a surprising thing: what if there were facts that the boring cameras actually saved lives? It‘s a conclusion difficult to ignore when you look at what‘s happening in France, a country with a historically poor record of road safety.There were 16,617 road deaths in 1972 in France for example, but that dropped to 8412 by 1995 following rules such as compulsory seat belt wearing in 1990 and a lowering of the blood alcohol limit to 0.05 in 1995.Last year, the road deaths dropped below 5,000 for the first time, or 4.9 per cent less than 2004. Comparing road deaths to population in 2005, that‘s about 817 per million people compared with Australia‘s 806.And guess what? Last year the number of speed cameras on French roads reached 1,000 and the government plans to double that within the next three years.Okay, you know the arguments regarding increased traffic safety and cameras-for-income, but it seems in France there‘s been a major cultural change brought on by radars and other laws. A three-hour, wine-soaked lunch with a quick rush back to the office is no longer on.Travelling on the highways, it is rare to see anyone breaking the 130km/h speed limit when once few traveled below it. The speed cameras are clearly signed so drivers know when they are coming. There‘s even an official web site listing fixed and mobile camera locations and it is updated regularly.Maybe it is because of such transparency by government, rather than the concealment too often used by authorities in many other countries that more French can enjoy la joi de vivre thanks to speed cameras.十二Sometime early in the next century, human beings will move to Mars. They will live there for about a year, and then will be replaced with another group of pioneers. Building the base on Mars will advance our knowledge of the solar system and aid in our understanding of the earth.We already know that Mars resembles the earth in many aspects: general size, presence of water, length of day, range of temperatures. These resemblances have caused many people to consider a centuries-long project: to terraform Mars. Terraforming means altering a planet‘s surface so that Earth‘s life forms can survive there. This concept, previously found only in science fiction is now being seriously considered by scientists.Terraforming Mars is theoretically simple: add nitrogen and oxygen to the atmosphere; pump water to the surface; and add the earth‘s plants and animals in the order in which they developed on Earth. But it will take at least 300 years.Some people think that such a project is too huge for humans to undertake, but there are very good reasons to make the attempt. The earth now contains some 6 billion people, and no one has any idea of how many humans the earth can support. Our very existence and numbers are threatening many other species. We also have had some experience with terraforming our ownplanet: altering the landscape, the atmosphere and the climate. Currently terraforming earth has become a wiser activity as we try to control global warming, air and water pollution, and preserve some natural living places.While the possibility of such a project is small, it is not impossible. Even if earth-bound societies come and go in the next 300 years, the project can continue through the work of the Mars settlers without the need for constant backing from the earth.The future existence of all the people in our world may very well depend upon our ability to terraform Mars.1．What would be the best title for this passage?A．Terraforming Mars. B．Saving the Earth.C．Travelling to Mars. D．A Newly-found Place.十三When six the very best students from different cities in Guandong province all together chose universities in Hong Kong; when the very best student of Beijing picked up HK University while giving up the nearby Peking or Tsingbua University; when the highest enrollment （录取）rate of Hong Kong Science and Industry University reached 48:1, it‘s the high time to ask where the real education heaven for students in China is.Years ago, the answer certainly would be ―Peking or Tsinghua University‖. But now no one could give the exact reaction without hesitation. The only sure thing is that HK universities have gradually showed an unusual attraction to a great many mainland students.It‘s no doubt to call this HK craze（狂热）,which is even out of the expectation of those HK universities themselves.How can HK universities shake the steady foundations of Peking and Tsinghua and attract so many mainland students?First, Hong Kong universities offer large-amount scholarship, especially for the top students who can receive the sum scholarship as much as 400,000 HK dollars. Since higher education has become a kind of heavy burden of many families, it‘s easy to understand why the reaction to the generous offering of HK universities is great.Second, most HK universities receive professors and students from all over the world and carry out bilingual（双语）education. This kind of excellent language atmosphere is another attraction for mainland students.Further more, university students in Hong Kong have a better chance to study abroad as exchange students.Can mainland top universities like Peking or Tsinghua University calm as before when facing the unexpected competition from HK? Will they take relevant measures to win back the top students who once help them set the worldwide reputation? Time will explain it.The fierce competition brought by HK universities can be a good thing for an entire improvement of education in China. After the awakening and action taking of mainland universities, they can perform better together with HK universities.At least, it reminded the mainland universities the tuition fees（学费）are among students‘ top concern when they are choosing universities. It‘s time to move.1．What is the passage mainly talking about?A．Some thought brought by the enrollment of HK universities.B．Higher education in Hong Kong.C．The competition between HK University and Peking University.D．The fall of mainland universities.十四Once when I was a teenager, my father and I were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus. Finally there was only one family between us and the ticket counter. This family made a big impression on me. There were eight children, all probably under the age of 12．You could tell they didn‘t have a lot of money. Their clothes were not expensive, but they were clean. The children were well-behaved, all of them standing in line, two-by-two behind their parents. The children were excitedly talking about the clowns, elephants and other acts they would see that night. One could sense they had never been to the circus before.The father and mother were ahead standing proud as could be.The ticket lady asked the father how many tickets he wanted. He proudly responded,“Please let me buy eight children‘s tickets and two adult tickets.”The ticket lady quoted（引用）the price.The father leaned a little closer and asked,“How much did you say?”The ticket lady again quoted the price.The man didn‘t have enough money. How was he supposed to turn and tell his eight kids that he didn‘t have enough money to take them to the circus?Seeing what was going on, my dad put his hand into his pocket, pulled out a $20 bill and dropped it on the ground.（We were not wealthy in any sense of the world!）My father reached down, picked up the bill, tapped the man on the shoulder and said,“Excuse me, sir, this fell out of your pocket.”The man knew what was going on. He looked straight into my dad‘s eyes, took my dad‘s hand in both of his, pressed tightly onto the bill, and with his lip quivering（颤抖）and a tear streaming down his cheek, he replied,“Thank you, thank you, Sir. This really means a lot to me and my family.”My father and I went back to our car and drove home. We didn‘t go to the circus that night, but we didn‘t go without.十五Allen: I‘ve never been a big fan of the bears, especially the vacation show. On my last trip to Disneyland (1999) we passed it by, because we didn‘t want to spend the time on something we didn‘t really enjoy. If we‘d known it would be closed by our next visit. I‘m sure we would have watched it one more time. I was just making the point that it wasn‘t until Disney announced the closing that this feeling suddenly sprang (弹跳) up for the Country Bear show at Disneyland.But I think the idea of keeping some attractions open forever regardless of the number of visitors it gets is a mistake. We all have great memories of the Bears, but clearly very few kids today (or I should say families today) are making those same memories from this show. That may be a sad fact, but it‘s a fact. For whatever reason, the show doesn‘t pull in the numbers. Isn‘t it right to use the Country Bear space to bring in a more popular attraction so that more kids today can make those magic memories of an attraction they like? Otherwise aren‘t we just telling kids today that they ―have to‖make great memories of the Bears, when it‘s obvious that the kids themselves are not enjoying the Bears like we did?Roger: I am very disappointed that they have decided to retire the Country Bear Playhouse. I remember going to the show as a child, and still enjoyed it as a teenager, and now young adult. It is true that there aren‘t a lot of shows left at DL and with this one closing even less. Being at DL does require a lot of walking, and it is nice to have a few attractions that are a place to sit and enjoy a good show. I understand that DL has to develop, but there has to be some history to the Disneyland that Walt Disney first designed. There should be some parts of DL that just never go away, and this is one of them. By the time I have children it looks like there won‘t be any attractions that I can say I went to as a child at the rate they are going.Now the Bears are leaving. What I want to say is: stop trying to compete with everyone! DL is the best, because of attractions like the Country Bears. If DL insists on destroying all of its magic to make way for the latest, well, then it might as well be just another theme park.十六How can you hear your friends‘voices when they are far away and you can‘t make a long-distance call? Besides the web camera system with your computer, we have a new high-tech way to solve the problem and ease your pain of missing them.The Japanese company Combiwith created a system ―talking picture‖. It makes people in pictures speak! The ―talking picture‖ has a special pen. It is actually a pen-shaped scanner. It can scan information in specially-made pictures. A connected player will then play the information out loud.First, you need to take a picture and record what you want to say with the company. The company will then make special barcodes (条形码) onto your picture (you can‘t see those codes). Those codes are your voice and your words. When you hold up the pen to scan your picture with barcodes, a player connected to the pen will start to play. It plays things you‘ve recorded. That way the invention makes the ―you‖ in the picture speak!Do you want your friends and families talking out of pictures? Have them make pictures like that, and you can hear them whenever you want to, only with ―talking picture‖ system. The system can play messages for up to 12 minutes.―The pictures would be useful for those who hope to hear the voice of someone living far away,‖ said Mayumi Fuji, a spokeswoman for the company. ―Grandparents, for example, longing to know about their grandchildren would be happy to hear their voices when they see the picture,‖Fuji said.But it is troublesome to go to the company for taking a special picture first. And it is much more expensive than using a telephone. The photo with barcodes costs between 17,040 and 17,990 yen (日元) (160 and 169 dollars ). The larger picture you want, the more you pay.Now, just raise a finger, lonely people can have their loved ones speak out of pictures. But, whether the ―talking picture‖ is practical or not, let‘s wait and see.十七Nowadays, we hear a lot about the growing threat of globalization（全球化）, accompanied by those warnings that the rich pattern of local life is being undermined（破坏）, and many dialects。

高考语文a阅读理解真题十篇

高考语文a阅读理解真题十篇在高考语文试卷中，阅读理解部分是考察学生综合语言运用能力的重要环节。

以下是十篇高考语文阅读理解真题的精选内容，旨在帮助学生更好地理解和掌握阅读理解的技巧。

1. 阅读下面的文章，完成1-4题。

文章内容摘要：这篇文章讲述了一个关于时间与人生价值的故事。

作者通过一个老人与一个年轻人的对话，阐述了时间的宝贵以及如何珍惜时间，实现人生价值。

2. 阅读下面的文章，完成5-8题。

文章标题：《自然之美》内容摘要：本文通过对自然景观的描绘，展现了大自然的美丽与和谐。

作者呼吁人们要保护环境，珍惜自然资源，与自然和谐共处。

3. 阅读下面的文章，完成9-12题。

文章标题：《科技改变生活》内容摘要：文章介绍了科技在现代社会中的重要作用，以及科技如何改变人们的生活方式。

作者通过具体的例子，展示了科技给人类带来的便利和挑战。

4. 阅读下面的文章，完成13-16题。

文章标题：《文化的力量》内容摘要：本文探讨了文化在社会发展中的作用。

作者分析了不同文化背景下人们的行为模式，并强调了文化多样性的重要性。

5. 阅读下面的文章，完成17-20题。

文章标题：《历史的回声》内容摘要：文章通过回顾历史事件，探讨了历史对现代社会的影响。

作者指出，了解历史可以帮助我们更好地理解现在，规划未来。

6. 阅读下面的文章，完成21-24题。

文章标题：《语言的魅力》内容摘要：本文讨论了语言在人际交流中的重要性。

作者通过分析不同语言的特点，强调了掌握语言技巧对于有效沟通的重要性。

7. 阅读下面的文章，完成25-28题。

文章标题：《艺术与生活》内容摘要：文章探讨了艺术与日常生活的关系。

作者认为艺术不仅是一种审美体验，也是人们表达情感和思想的一种方式。

8. 阅读下面的文章，完成29-32题。

文章标题：《教育的意义》内容摘要：本文讨论了教育在个人成长和社会进步中的作用。

作者强调了终身学习的重要性，并提出了一些提高教育质量的建议。

9. 阅读下面的文章，完成33-36题。

高考语文阅读理解附解析共14篇13-14

高考语文阅读理解附解析共14篇13-1413．阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

猎人陈毓我终于启动穿越鳌山登太白山的决心。

但两天前，我却在途中崴了脚，像一辆瘪了胎的车，不得已滞留在猎人的木屋。

我的脚踝肿得厉害，可猎人宽慰我说，等同伴回转来，你跑得会像山上的麋鹿一样快。

他采来草药，捣碎了敷在我肿痛的脚腕上。

猎人说，睡一晚，明早醒来，如果你愿意，你就能跟着我去打猎了。

打猎能猎到什么？猎人咧嘴笑：你想要打到野鸡、山兔、羊鹿，还是狼？他的语气像是说，整个群山都是他的花园，你想要剪一枝玫瑰、月季，还是菊花，全凭你的心思啦。

但我偏说，我早知道禁猎了，你能住在这山里，也是披着个猎人的名头，没准儿你是偷偷摸摸住在山里的，恐怕猎枪早被收了。

我意外地看见猎人一改刚才的天真和得意，脸上现出那么羞涩的表情来，低头嘟哝：你说对了。

野物少了，枪没了，我这个猎人也没了。

我一时有揭了别人短处的不安，就安慰猎人说，若是你还能套住一只野兔，我就很知足了。

但猎人在这天早上唯一做的事，就是用埋在火塘里的火种点燃一些劈碎的木柴，使火焰升起来，再在火上烧开水罐里的水，泡一壶浓浓的茶。

猎人倒一碗茶给我，又递过一大块锅盔，把一碟成盐和两根打蔫儿的青椒放在我俩之间。

我确信这就是我能得到的早餐了。

我喝掉茶，再倒一碗茶，然后学猎人的样子，吃我的早餐。

如果是在早先，我不止给你野兔汤，我该给你更好的吃食。

他的语气不是歉意，是平淡。

好点的吃食是什么呢？我本想问，又忍住了。

但山野寂静，我又从来没像现在这样清闲、无所事事过，就努力在我和这个寡言的猎人之间找话。

我说，这锅盔我猜是你老婆烙的。

猎人再次笑：老婆子在山下开饭馆，这个饼在店里卖得火。

猎人老婆开的小饭馆是政府用于搬迁的创业扶持项目，要不我死活不下山的。

猎人说，老婆子倒是喜欢山下，说人多，不用整天哑巴似的不说几句话。

你呢，一个人跑来这山上？猎人再次露出难为情的样子：我待在山下会身子疼、脑壳疼、骨头疼，帮不了老太婆的忙，还让她替我操心，惹她烦，她就放我回山里住几天。

高考英语阅读理解100篇

高考英语阅读理解100篇篇一：高中英语阅读理解30篇阅读理解)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1.A study of a university in Shanghai had found that many of the students there are using a quote（引语）from the Italian poet Dante as a kind of motto. The study of Fudan University, one of China’s top universities, of 489 students, found that 82 had chosen Dante’s “Follow your own path and don’t worry about what others say” as their motto, out of 278 people who said they had a motto. This was followed by “Believe yourself” and “Self-improvement without stop.”Students also expressed a common hope for greater understanding and care and said they were always ready to give a hand to those in need.Some researchers think that mottoes can play an important part in children’s growth and they say that a good motto can help children develop a better character.46．The study shows _________.A．which university should have mottoesB．what poems are popularC．how many students like the motto “Believe yourself.”D．the majority of the students like to choose their favorite mottoes47．Of the students asked, _______ students have mottoes.A．about 78% B．about 57% C．about 16% D．about 8%48．The motto “Self-improvement without stop” shares the similar meaning with ______.A．going on to improve rapidlyB．growing by oneself continuouslyC．making oneself better and perfect continuouslyD．becoming better without having a break49．The best title for the passage should be _______.A．Mottoes and Character Developing B．Students and PoetC．Mottoes and Learning D．Understanding Care50．What do we know from the passage?A．The students need help and care greatly.B．The students want to be understood and cared and are willing to help.C．The students want to understand themselves deeper with a motto chosen.D．The students believe they understand mottoes better than others.2.Last year more than 13 Korean TV series were introduced in China. Turn on the TV, and Korean beauties are appearing during peak viewing times(黄金时段). Some of the dramas are being repeated, but audiences continue to watch them. Why are the South Korean TV series loved by so many Chinese people? Cheng Yiting, a student from East China Normal University, gives us her reasons. She thinks that the good-looking actors with cool clothes and the beautiful sight in the dramas are the selling points for South Korean TV dramas. But what attracted the young audiences most is the pure and moving love stories.And it seems that South Korean TV series have also won the hearts of middle-aged people. and social order. Though some people think South Korean TV series are too slow and too long, most of the Chinese audiences like them. Maybe we are really tired of Western TV series. Compared with that, South Korean TV series are not bad.51．What does the underlined word "moral" in the third line mean?A．志向 B．情节 C．道德 D．垃圾52．Which of the following is not mentioned about South Korean TV?A．LoveB．MoralsC．Social orderD．Self-respect53．What is the most important reason why South Korean TV series are popular with the youngaudiences?A．The series are slow and long.B．The actors wear cool clothes.C．The stories are pure and moving.D．The actors are good-looking.54．What do you know about South Korean TV series from the passage?A．Thirteen more South Korean TV series will be introduced to China.B．Young audiences like South Korean TV series better than middle aged people.C．All the South Korean TV series will be repeated this year.D．Some Chinese think part of South Korean TV series are worth watching twice.55．What does the writer want to tell us?A．We are tired of South Korean TV series.B．South Korean TV series are a great success and popular in China.C．South Korean TV series are better than Chinese TV series.D．We can learn a lot from Korean TV series so we need to watch them again and again.3.Goal chances came and goal chances went. But two of the world’s highest-ranked teams―with some of football’s highest-paid players―couldn’t get the ball into the net. And they were playing against sides that only just made it to the World Cup.With two defeats, one draw（平局）and no goals, France collected its newest title since rising to the top of the game four years ago: the worst defending champion in World Cup history.“I’m very disappointed, it’s the end of a beautiful story,” said a French striker David Trezeguet. “The story began in 1998 and ended today against Denmark.”France won the 2000 European Championships and was ranked the best team on the planet before the World Cup.Besides the goalposts and crossbars seeming to be against this unlucky team, France’s game plan has been the same for four years so opponents (competitors) know it by heart.Senegal, an African team playing in its first World Cup, surprised everyone by beating France in the opening World Cup match before entering the second round successfully.Uruguay and Denmark followed a similar to stop France, creating a defensive barrier（屏障）and launching many counter-attacks.Following France, Argentina became the second big-name to take an early plane home from this year’s World Cup.The South Americans were expected to become world champions for a third time. This was particularlybecause of an impressive display when they lost just one of their 18 qualifying matches.The team’s 1-0 loss to England on June 7 was the beginning of a nightmare for the players. But even after this surprising defeat, they never thoughtthat they would be going home so soon. But a 1-1 draw in Argentina’s final group match against Sweden made the unexpected a reality.56．By saying “two of the world’s highest-ranked teams” in the first paragraph, it means A．Senegal and Denmark B．Uruguay and DenmarkC．England and Sweden D．France and Argentina57．Which of the following statements about the French team is NOT true?A．The French team won a great victory in 2000.B．The French team got its title “the worst defending champion i n World Cup history” fouryears ago in 1998.C．The French team was the champions in the last World Cup.D．In this World Cup, French team’s balls hit the goalposts and crossbars.58．From the passage we know .A．France was defeated first by Denmark and then by SenegalB．Uruguay beat France and was defeated by DenmarkC．England beat Argentina and drew the next oneD．Sweden didn’t beat Argentina but kicked it out59．The underlined word “strategy” refers to .A．the way to persuade others to follow themB．the purpose with which they joined in the gamesC．the art of planning operation in matchesD．the suggestion the people of their own made60．Argentina was expected to become world champions because A．they won almost all the games in the tryout（预赛）B．they had won champions in World Cup three timesC．they lost the game to England only by 1―0D．they beat a strong opponent―Sweden4.Death Valley ls one of the most famous deserts In the United States，covering a wide area with its alkali sand．Almost 20 percent of this area is well below sea level，and Badwater, a salt water pool， is about 280 feet below sea level and the lowest point in the United States．Long ago the Panamint Indians called this place “Tomesha”--- the land of fire．Death Valley's present name dates back to l849, when a group of miners coming across from Nevada became lost in its unpleasant- ness and hugeness and their adventure turned out to be a sad story. Today Death Valley has beendeclared a National Monument and is crossed by several well-marked roads where good services can be found easily. Luckily the change created by human settlement has hardly ruined the special beauty of this place．Here nature created a lot of surprising scenes，almost like the sights on the moon, every changing as the frequent wind moves the sand about，showing the most unusual colors．One of the most astonishing and variable parts of Death Valley is the Devil’s Golf Course, where it seems hard for one to tell reality from terrible dreams. Sand sculptures stand on a frightening ground，as evening shadows move and lengthen．61．______ is the lowest place in the desert．A．Tomesha B．Death ValleyC．Nevada D．Badwater62．The name of the valley comes from ___________．A．an Indian nameB. the death of the minersC．the local peopleD．a National Movement63．From the passage we can learn that____________．A．no one had ever known the desert before the minersB．it's still not easy to travel across the desertC．people can find gas-stations，cafes and hotels in the desertD．people have changed the natural sight of the desert64．Devil’s Golf C ourse is famous for____________．A．the frequent windB．the colors of the sandC．dream-like sightsD．the sand sculptures65．From the passage we can see that the writer______________the Death Valley．A．appreciatesB．is fearful ofC．dislikesD．is tired of46―50 DBCAB51---55 CDCDB56―60 DBDCA61-65DBCCA5.I used to be a mortgage broker(贷款中间人) in the Phoenix area. In April 2021, the company that I had been with for a year went out of business. That was the latest of the four companies that I had worked for since 2000 .Theyall either went under or let most of the employees go, including me.In December 2021, the bank took back my house, and I had no choice but to move in with my parents, five miles away. My sister has three children, and she had no room. My fiancée(未婚妻), Brandi Wetch, and I have been living in my parents’ house for about a year and a half now.My mother, Sue, works part-time at a high school library. My father left for a job in the Marshall Islands a few months ago and will be gone for two years.I’m trying to be patient with finding a new job, but it’s been hard. I check the Internet for jobs every morning. I have sent countless letters but have never got a job. I have no idea how many other people are applying for the same job.I do the housework and washing, and I take care of the garden. Sometimes, I feel like the best part of my life is over. The worst part of the day is when I chat with my friends on the Internet. I’ve talked to about 10 old friends online. The first thing they usually ask is what I’m doing now.My mother, who is in her 60s, has been so patient and supportive. She acts like she’s happy to have us, not like we’re crowding her. We have learned what’s important since I lived here.56. We can infer that the writer is living a _________ life.A. busyB. richC. difficultD. hopeful57. How long has the writer been out of work?A. For more than a yearB. For a year and a halfC. For less than two yearsD. For more than two years58. Which of the following types of work is NOT done by the writer in his parents’ house?A. Looking after childrenB. Doing the housework.C. Washing clothes and dishesD. Applying for a job online.59. It can be learned from the passage that the writer now________.A. is preparing for his weddingB. is fond of doing the houseworkC. is patient with job-huntingD. is afraid of being asked about work6.Casablanca, Sep. 24A flash flood swept across the coastal plain about 100 miles southwest of here, killing hundreds of Moroccans in a market place yesterday morning.Reports from the area said 218 bodies had been counted, and many of the people were missing.The flood followed heavy rains, which filled the coastal plain and dried river beds and caused them to overflow. The flood crest, several feet high, hit the village of Khemis Nagua at midmorning yesterday as farmers from the surrounding area joined town people in an open market place.The roaring water swept the village’s living places, the market sheds (棚子), shoppers, cattle and farm tools for miles across the plain..The flood was over almost as soon as it started, the reports said, as the crest swept out to sea. Rescue workers quickly moved into the area from Sari, about 25 miles further south.60. It can be learnt from the text that _____.A. the news report is from Khemis NaguaB. the flood didn’t last longC. hundreds of Moroccans were savedD. Casablanca is a city in Africa61. The report mainly tells the public about _____.A. how the flood swept the coastal plainB. why the terrible flood tookplaceC. the flash flood in the fallD. a rescue attempt62. According to the text, which of the following maps may be correct?(KN=Khemis Nagua C=CasablancaS=Safi)7.Imagine a boy from a small village in East Africa. He, since a very early age, has been looking after cattle. At twelve years old he knows more about cattle than most of you. However, he has never been to school. Has this boyhad any education?Education is discovering about ourselves and about the people and things around us. All the people who care about us ― our parents, brothers, sisters, friends ― are our teachers. In fact, we learn something from everyone we meet. We start learning on the day we were born, not on the first day we go to school. Every day we have new experiences, like finding a bird’s nest, discovering a new street in our neighborhood, making friends with someone we didn’t like before. New experiences are even more fun when we sh are them with other people.Encouragement from the people around us enables us to explore things as many as possible. As we grow up, we begin to find out what we are capable of doing. You may be good at cooking, or singing or playing football. You findthis out by doing these things. Just thinking about cooking doesn’t tell you whether you are good at it.We learn so much just living from day to day. So why is school important? Of course you can learn some things better at home than at school, like how to do the shopping, and how to help old or disabled people who can’t doeverything for themselves. At school, teachers help us to read and write. With their guidance, we begin to see things in different ways.63. The writer takes the African boy as an example to show that _______.A. African children are very poor.B. some children are unlucky.C. there are many kinds of education.D. schools are of great importance.64. In the opinion of the writer, A. we have to learn from the people around us.B. the school is not important at all.C. only people who care for us can teach us.D. education takes place everywhere.65. One can find out what he / she is good at by A. what people encourage him/ her to do.B. the teachings of those he / she meets.C. thinking about it when growing up.D. trying and practising things.A. everyone gets education from the day he or she was born.B. different classes of people receive different kinds of education.C. the school is absolutely necessary if one wants to understand the world.D. everyone will find out what he or she is good at.67. According to the last paragraph, we know that .A. the school is not so important as our living places.B. the school enables us to understand the world in other ways.C. the school teaches us things which are useless at home.D. the school cannot prepare us for our daily lives.8.Do you know what it means when somebody tells you that he had “a catch-22 experience”? The phrase “catch-22” comes from a book of the same title by the American writer Joseph Heller published in 1961．Catch-22 is a book of black humor．The author uses silly and even篇二：高中英语原创阅读理解含解析A(广告信息)词数：236 难度星级：★★★★建议用时：6分钟实际用时：分钟正确率： %Welcome to the Family Village! We are a global community that integrates information, resources, and communication opportunities on the Internet for persons with cognitive and other disabilities, for their families, and for those that provide their services and support.Our community includes informational resources on specific diagnoses, communication connections, adaptive products and technology, adaptive recreational activities, education, worship, health issues, disability-related media and literature, and much, much more!So stop in, stroll around, and visit some of the Family Village's attractions. Simply click on a place to explore and discover a cornucopia of useful information! Let us know what you like or dislike, and visit often, for our village is constantly changing.The Family Village is generously by the Waisman Center at the Universityof Wisconsin - Madison. The Waisman Center is one of nine national facilities that include a Mental Retardation Developmental Disabilities Research Center and a University Center for Excellence in Developmental Disabilities. The Waisman Center is dedicated to the advancement of knowledge about human development, developmental disabilities.The Family Village has been visited 2140927 times since February 13, 1996. Last updated January 5, 2021 by familyvillage@. Keywords: cognitive disability, children with disabilities, special health care needs, handicapped, disabled, disability, adaptive equipment, self-help groups,special education.The Family Village welcomes suggestions and updates from web site visitors. If you know of a resource that should be included in Family Village, pleasetell us.1. What’s the passage mainly about?A. The history of the Family Village.B. The origin of the Family VillageC. The function of the Family Village.D. The introduction of the Family Village.2. The Family Village is_________.A. an organization which can give a hand to people in troubleB. a community which have many good opportunities to look for jobsC. a website tells us some miserable stories about ordinary people.D. a community which can give people some advice for the disabled and their family3. What does the underlined word “sponsored” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. advisedB. supportedC. suspectedD. included4. What can we infer from the passage?A. The Family Village was popular.B. The Family Village came into being ten years ago.C. Help provided by the Family village is money.D. Our village is constantly changing.长难句翻译：1. We are a global community that integrates information, resources, and communication opportunities on the Internet for persons with cognitive and other disabilities, for their families, and for those that provide their services and support.我们是一家在网上为残疾人和为他们的家属提供服务和支持的进行全球社区信息、资源整合、信息交流的组织。

2024全国高考真题英语汇编：阅读理解A篇

2024全国高考真题英语汇编阅读理解A篇一、阅读理解（2024·北京·高考真题）The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed. Each pair of students meets three times throughout the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange is effective. Students who successfully complete the programme will receive one credit each.Requirements for completion:•One welcoming session on the second Friday of the term•18 weekly one-hour pair meetings•Weekly progress reports for all pair meetings•At least three pair-teacher meetings•One five-minute final videoSign up!The sign-up and registration process is as follows:•Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested in learning.•Based on the information entered by each student, potential pairs are identified.•Proficiency (熟练) levels are confirmed through coursework or placement tests.•Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme.Reminders:Signing up for the programme does not automatically mean that you will be able to register and participate. Pairs are matched by languages of interest and proficiency levels. Since there are many factors involved in the pairing process, not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme. 1．In the programme, students will _________.A．chair daily meetings B．evaluate the exchangeC．meet teachers each week D．practise their language skills2．To complete the programme, students are required to _________.A．development tests B．participate in pair meetingsC．welcome new students D．work on weekly videos3．What do students need to do during the registration?A．Indicate their languages of interest.B．Select their own coursework.C．Make individual contact.D．Choose their partners.（2024·全国·高考真题）Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages. Light Awash inWatercolorLearn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990: Into the Light. Spineless Artists: Invertebrate CreativityFrom webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials. Wheel ThrowingJoin instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. Then create your own masterpiece! Knitting and Pom-Pom Making Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织).4．What do we know about ARTS FIRST?A．It is an exhibition of oil paintings.B．It offers art courses for all ages.C．It presents recreational activities.D．It is a major tourist attraction.5．Which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures?A．Light Awash in Watercolor.B．Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity.C．Wheel Throwing.D．Knitting and Pom-Pom Making.6．What can you do together with Javier Marin?A．Practice a traditional dance.B．Make handcrafts.C．Visit a local museum.D．Feed invertebrates.（2024·全国·高考真题）Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced WalkersThe Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner, experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks. Walk 1 — The Natural WorldWith environmentalist Éanna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour. Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs.Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 09:00Start Point: Scratoes BridgeWalk Duration: 6 hours Walk 2 — Introduction to HillwalkingEmmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all. This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips.Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 09:00Start Point: Deerpark Car ParkWalk Duration: 5 hours Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the StarsWalking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone. Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs. A torch (手电筒) along withsuitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark. Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 18:30Start Point: The Town HallWalk Duration: 3 hours Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish ForestThis informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild. Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path.Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 11:45Start Point: Kilbrannish Forest Recreation AreaWalk Duration: 1.5 hours7．Which walk takes the shortest time?A．The Natural World.B．Introduction to Hillwalking.C．Moonlight Under the Stars.D．Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest.8．What are participants in Walk 3 required to do?A．Wear proper clothes.B．Join a walking club.C．Get special permits.D．Bring a survival guide.9．What do the four walks have in common?A．They involve difficult climbing.B．They are for experienced walkers.C．They share the same start point.D．They are scheduled for the weekend.（2024·全国·高考真题）HABITAT RESTORATION TEAMHelp restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.GROUPSGroups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form.AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING V olunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15.Bring your completed V olunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed.We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary.Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch.No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community service requirements.UPCOMING EVENTSA．To discover mineral resources.B．To develop new wildlife parks.C．To protect the local ecosystem.D．To conduct biological research.11．What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team?A．5.B．10.C．15.D．18.12．What are the volunteers expected to do?A．Bring their own tools.B．Work even in bad weather.C．Wear a team uniform.D．Do at least three projects.（2024·浙江·高考真题）Tom Sawyer Play Is an AdventureA 35-minute hand-clapping, foot-stomping musical version of a Mark Twain favorite returns with this Tall Stacks festival.“Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure” has all the good stuff, including the fence painting, the graveyard, the island and the cave. It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor. That’s the local stage writing team that creates many of the Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati’s original musicals, along with the holiday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre.This year Nathan Turner of Burlington is Tom Sawyer, and Robbie McMath of Fort Mitchell is Huck Finn.Tumer, a 10th-grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts, is a familiar presence on Cincinnati’s stages. He is a star act or of Children’s Theatre, having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Wizard of Oz,” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”.McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first performed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit. This summer he attended Kentucky’s Governor’s School for the Arts in Musical Theatre.Note to teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taught through “Tom Sawyer.” For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children’s Theatre.13．Who wrote the music for “Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure”?A．David Kisor.B．Joe McDonough.C．Nathan Turner.D．Robbie McMath.14．What can we learn about the two actors?A．They study in the same school.B．They worked together in ”Ragtime“.C．They are experienced on stage.D．They became friends ten years ago.15．What does Children’s Theatre provide for teachers?A．Research funding.B．Training opportunities.C．Technical support.D．Educational resources.参考答案1．D 2．B 3．A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。

高考英语高难度阅读理解15篇(含详解)

高考英语高难度阅读理解15篇1.Almost every day we come across situations in which we have to make decisions one way or another. Choice, we are given to believe, is a right. But for a good many people in the world. In rich and poor countries, choice is a luxury, something wonderful but hard to get, not a right. And for those who think they are exercising their right to make choices, the whole system is merely an illusion, a false idea created by companies and advertiser, hoping to sell their products.The endless choice gives birth to anxiety in people’s lives. Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not exactly simple. Easy access to a wide range of everyday goods leads to a sense of powerlessness in many people, ending in the shopper giving up and walking away, or just buying an unsuitable item(商品) that is not really wanted. Recent studies in England have shown that many electrical goods bought in almost every family are not really needed. More difficult decision-making is then either avoided or trusted into the hands of the professionals, lifestyle instructors, or advisors.It is not just the availability of the goods that is the problem, but the speed with which new types of products come on the market. Advances in design and production help quicken the process Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to replace them within a short time. The typical example is computers, which are almost out-of-date once they are bought. This indeed makes selection a problem. Gone are the days when one could just walk with case into a shop and buy one thing; no choice, no anxiety.72. What does the author try to argue in Paragraph 1?A. The exercise of rights is a luxury.B. The practice of choice is difficult.C. The right of choice is given but at a price.D. Choice and right exist at the same time.73. Why do more choices of goods give rise to anxiety?A. Professionals find it hard to decide on a suitable product.B. People are likely to find themselves overcome by business persuasion.C. Shoppers may find themselves lost in the broad range of items.D. Companies and advertisers are often misleading about the rage of choice.74. By using computers as an example, the author wants to prove that .A. advanced products meet the needs of peopleB. products of the latest design fold the marketC. competitions are fierce in high-tech industryD. everyday goods need to be replaced often75. What is this passage mainly about?A. The variety of choices in modern society.B. The op inions on people’s right in different countriesC. The Problems about the availability of everyday goods.D. The helplessness in purchasing decisions2.I arrived at my mother’s home for our Monday family dinner. The smells of food flew over from the kitchen. Mother was pulling out quilt(被子)after quilt from the boxes, proudly showing me their beauties. She was preparing for a quilt show at the Elmhurst Church. When we began to fold and put them back into the boxes, I noticed something at the bottom of one box. I pulled it out. “What is this?” I asked.“Oh?” Mom said, “That’s Mama’s quilt.”I spread the quilt. It looked at if a group of school children had pieced it together; irregular designs, childish pictures, a crooked line on the right.“Grandmother made this?” I said, surprised. My grandmother was a master at making quilts. This certainly didn’t look like any of the quilts she had made.“Yes, right before she died. I brought it home with me last year and made some changes,” she said. “I’m still working on it. See, this is what I’ve done so far.”I looked at it more closely. She had made straight a crooked line. At the center of the quilt, she had stitched(缝) a piece of cloth with these words: “My mother made many quilts. She didn’t get all lines st raight. But I think this is beautiful. I want to see it finished. Her last quilt.”“Ooh, this is so nice, Mom,” I said. It occurred to me that by completing my grandmother’s quilt, my mother was honoring her own mother. I realized, too, that I held in my hands a family treasure. It started with the loving hands of one woman, and continued with the loving hands of another.56. Why did the author go to mother’s home?A. To see her mother’s quilts.B. To help prepare for a show.C. To get together for the family dinner.D. To discuss her grandmother’s life.57. The author was surprised because .A. the quilt looked very strange.B. her grandmother liked the quilt.C. the quilt was the best she had seen.D. her mother had made some changes58. The underlined wood “crooked” in the passage most probably means .A. unfinishedB. brokenC. bentD. unusual59. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. A Quilt ShowB. Mother’s HomeC. A Monday DinnerD. Grandmother’s Quilt3. While all my classmates seen to be crazy about a one-way ticket to Mars(火星), I’d rather say Mars is totally unsuitab le for human existence. People won’t have enough food supplies there, and the terrible environment would make it impossible for them to live a long life. Besides, the journey won’t be safe. Can anybody explain to me just why people would go to Mars, never to return?Steve Minear, UKHere are the things you can think of: the desire to explore a foreign and unique environment, the excitement of being the first humans to open up a new world, the expectation of fame and glory…For scientists there is another rea son. Their observations and research will probably lead to great scientific achievements.Donal Trollop, CanadaThere are already too many people on the Earth. I think that sometime before the end of the century, there will be a human colony(殖民地)on Mars. It will happen when people finally realize that tow-way trips to the red planet Mars are unnecessary. Most of the danger of space Flight is in the launches(发射) and landings. Cutting the trip home would therefore reduce the danger of accidents, save a lot of money, and open the way to building an everlasting human settlement on another world.Enough supplies can be sent on ahead. And every two years more supplies and more people will needs, and Mars is far more pleasant than the other planets in the outer space.Paul Davies. USA60. The main purpose of Steve Minear’s writing is .A. to report his classmates’ discussionB. to invite an answer to his questionC. to explain the natural state of MarsD. to show his agreement on going to Mars61. Wh ich of the following best states Donal Trollop’s idea?A. There is a plan to send humans to Mars.B. There are many reasons for going to Mars.C. Scientists become famous by doing research on Mars.D. It is possible to build an Earth-like environment on Mars.62. Paul Davies points out that .A. humans need only a one-way ticket to Mars.B. two-way trips to Mars will be made safe soonC. it is easy to reduce the danger and cost of flights to MarsD. it is cheap to build an everlasting human settlement on Mars63. What does Paul Davies think of human existence on Mars?A. Humans will have to bring all they need from the Earth.B. Humans will find Mars totally unsuitable for living.C. Humans can produce everything they need.D. Humans can live longer in the colony on Mars.4.Celebrity(名人) has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about s specific film, but now the public tends to base its consumption（消费）on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous faces. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others’ products to developing their own.Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a completely new phenomenon, but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few TV actresses. T oday they’re started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands. The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.However, for every success story, there’s a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. No matter haw famous the product’s origins is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. And once the initial（最初的）attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty (忠诚) returning to tried-and-true labels.Today, celebrities face ever more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep threatens to reduce a celebrity’s shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. Still, the ego’s （自我的）potential for expansion is limitless. Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashion-like celebrity – has always been temporary.69. Fashion magazines today ________.A. seldom put models on the coverB. no longer put models on the coverC. need not worry about celebrities’ market potentialD. judge the market potential of every celebrity correctly70. A change in the consumer market can be found today that _______.A. price rather than brand name is more concernedB. producers prefer models to celebrities for achievementsC. producers prefer TV actresses to film stars for advertisementsD. quality rather than the outside of products is more concerned71. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 indicates that any wrong step will possibly ______.A. decrease the popularity of a celebrity and the sales of his productsB. damage the image of a celebrity in the eyes of the general publicC. cut short the artistic careen of a celebrity in show businessD. influence the price of a celebrity’s products72. The passage is mainly about _______.A. celebrity and personal styleB. celebrity and market potentialC. celebrity and fashion designD. celebrity and clothing industry5.We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively（被动地）. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers ormagazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers.Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor(谣言).Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed.That’s what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping（打上标记）it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be re-stated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.48. According to the passage, passive learning may occur in _______.A. doing a medical experimentB. solving a math problemC. visiting an exhibitionD. doing scientific reasoning49. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to _____.A. active learningB. knowledgeC. communicationD. passive learning50. The author mentions the game Rumor to show that _____.A. a message may be changed when being passed onB. a message should be delivered in different waysC. people may have problems with their sense of hearingD. people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor51. What can we infer from the passage?A. Active learning is less important.B. Passive learning may not be reliable.C. Active learning occurs more frequently.D. Passive learning is not found among scholars.6. The literal meaning of philosophy is “love of wisdom”. But this meaning does not tell us very much. Unlike the other disciplines（学科）, philosophy cannot e defined by what you study ,because it is actually unlimited. Anything can be the subject matter of philosophy: are, history, law, language, literature, mathematics, and in fact, the other academic disciplines are directly related to philosophy. For this reason you get a Doctorate（博士学位）of Philosophy (Ph. D.) in biochemistry, or computer science, or psychology.Two broad sub-fields of philosophy are logic and the history of philosophy. Logic is the science of argument and eritical thinking. It provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad reasoning .The history of philosophy involves the study of major philosophers and persuade in the development of philosophy.Of what use is philosophy? First it is useful in educational advancement. It is necessary for understanding other disciplines. Only philosophy questions the nature of the concepts used in a discipline, and its relating to other discomposes. And thought the study of philosophy, one develops sound methods of research and analysis that can be applied to any field.There are a number of general uses of philosophy. It strengthens one’s ability to solve problems, to communicate, to organize ideas and issues, to persuade, and to take what is the most important form a large quality of data. These general uses are of great benefit in the career field, not necessarily for obtaining one’s first job after graduation, but for preparing for positions of responsibility, management and leadership later on. It is very short site after all, to take a course of studies only for the purpose of getting one’s first job. The useful skills developed thought the study of philosophy have significant long-term benefits in career advancement. No other discipline systematically follows the ideals of wisdom, leadership, and capacity to resolve human conflict.72. Accprdomg to Paragraph 1. Philosophy can best be described as the study of .A. social sciencesB. natural sciencesC. both social and natural sciencesD. the subject matter of politics73. With the study of philosophy, you can .A. become a great leaderB. succeed in everythingC. find a good job soon after graduationD. make progress in your career development74. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Philosophy is an independent discipline.B. Logic helps you to become a better thinker.C. The study of philosophy brings you immediate benefits.D. The meaning of philosophy is too limited to define.75.From the passage, we can concludeA. not all the subjects have to do with philosophyB. a person will get a Ph. D. if he/she studies philosophyC. philosophy can be helpful for the study of any other subjectsD. philosophy is the only solution to all the problems the world7.Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do humans. When you see an apple or a piece of chocolate you know that these are things you can eat. You can also use other senses when you choose your food. You may like it because it smells good or because it tastes good. You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice. Different animals use different senses to find and choose their food. A few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense.Although there are many different types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type. The giant panda（大熊猫）eats only one particular type of bamboo（竹子）. Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. A kind of white butterfly（蝴蝶）will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden. However, most animals have a more varied diet（多样化饮食）. The bear eats fruits and fish. The fox eats small animals, birds and fruits. The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season. Humans have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much sugar. This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health. Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life.60. We can infer from the text that humans and animals _________.A. depend on one sense in choosing foodB. are not satisfied with their foodC. choose food in similar waysD. eat entirely different food61. Which of the following eats only one type of food?A. The white butterfly.B. The small bird.C. The bear.D. The fox.62. Certain animals change their choice of food when ___________.A. the season changesB. the food color changesC. they move to different placesD. they are attracted by different smells63. We can learn from the last paragraph that __________.A. food is chosen for a good reasonB. French and British food is goodC. some people have few choices of foodD. some people care little about healthy diet8.The flag, the most common symbol（象征）of a nation in the modern world, is also one of the most ancient. With a clear symbolic meaning. the flag in the traditional form is still used today to mark buildings, ships and other vehicles related to a country.The national flag as we know it today is in no way a primitive（原始的）artifact. It is , rather, the product of thousands of years’ development. Historians believe that it had two major ancestors, of which the earlier served to show wind direction.Early human beings used very fragile houses and boats. Often strong winds would tear roofs from houses or cause high waves that endangered travelers. People’s food supplies were similarly vulnerable. Even after they had learned how to plant grains, they still needed help from nature to ensure good harvests. Therefore they feared and depended on the power of the wind, which could bring warmth from one direction and cold from another.Using a simple piece of cloth tied to the top of a post to tell the direction of the wind was more dependable than earlier methods, such as watching the rising of smoke from a fire. The connectionof the flag with heavenly power was therefore reasonable. Early human societies began to fix long pieces of cloth to the tops of totems(图腾) before carrying them into battle. They believed that the power of the wind would be added to the good wishes of the gods and ancestors represented by the totems themselves.These flags developed very slowly into modern flags. The first known flag of a nation or a ruler was unmarked: The king of China around 1000 B.C. was known to have a white flag carried ahead of him. This practice might have been learned from Egyptians even further in the past, but it was from China that it spread over trade routs through India, then across Arab lands, and finally to Europe, where it met up with the other ancestor of the national flag.71．The best title for the passage would be .A．Development of the National Flag.B．Power of the National Flag.C．Types of FlagsD．Uses of Flags72．The underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 means .A．impossible to make sure ofB．likely to be protectedC．easy to damageD．difficult to find73．The earliest flags were connected with heavenly power because .A．they could tell wind directionB．they could bring good luck to fightersC．they were handed down by the ancestorsD．they were believed to stand for natural forces74．What does the author know of the first national flag?A．He knows when it was sent to Europe.B．He believes it was made in Egypt.C．He thinks it came from China.D．He doubts where it started.75．What will the author most probably talk about next?A．The role of China in the spread of the national flag.B．The second ancestor of the national flagC．The use of modern flags in Europe.D．The importance of modern flags.9.PITTSBURGH –For most people, snakes seem unpleasant or even threatening. But Howie Choset sees in their delicate movements a way to save lives.The 37-year-old Carnegie Mellon University professor has spent years developing snake-like robots he hopes will eventually slide through fallen buildings in search of victims trapped after natural disasters or other emergencies.Dan Kara is president of Robotics Trends, a Northboro, Mass.-based company that publishes an online industry magazine and runs robotics trade shows. He said there are other snake-like robots being developed, mainly at universiti es, but didn’t know of one that could climb pipes.The Carnegie Mellon machines are designed to carry cameras and electronic sensors and can be controlled with a joystick(操纵杆). They move smoothly with the help of small electric motors, or servos, commonly used by hobbyists in model airplanes.Built from lightweight materials, the robots are about the size of a human arm or smaller. They can sense which way is up, but are only as good as their human operators, Choset added.Sam Stover, a search term manager with the Federal Emergency Management Agency based in Indiana, said snake-type robots would offer greater mobility than equipment currently available, such as cameras attached to extendable roles.“It just allows us to do something we’ve been able to do before,” Stover said, “We needed them yesterday.”He said sniffer dogs are still the best search tool for rescue workers, but that they can only be used effectively when workers have access to damaged building.Stover, among the rescue workers who handled the aftermath (后果) of Hurricane Katrina, said snake robots would have helped rescuers search flooded houses in that disaster.Choset said the robots may not be ready for use for another five to ten years, depending on funding.72. Which institution is respon sible for the development of Choset’s robots?A. Robotics Trends.B. Pittsburgh City Council.C. Carnegie Mellon University.D. Federal Emergency Management Agency.73. Choset believes that his invention ______.A. can be attached to an electronic armB. can be used by hobbyists in model airplanesC. can find victims more quickly than a sniffer dogD. can sense its way no better than its operators74. By saying “We needed them yesterday” (paragraph 7), Stover means that snake-like robots _____.A. could help handle the aftermath of Hurricane KatrinaB. would have been put to use in past rescue workC. helped rescuers search flooded houses yesterdayD. were in greater need yesterday than today75. What is the text mainly about?A. Snake-like robots used in industries.B. Snake-like robots made to aid in rescues.C. The development of snake-like robots.D. The working principles of snake-like robots.10.Attitude is an internal(内在的) state that influences the choices of personal action made by the individual(个人). Some researchers consider that attitudes come from differences between beliefs and ideas: others believe that attitudes come from emotional states. Here, we focus on the effects of attitudes upon behavior, that is, upon the choices of action made by the individual.The kinds of actions taken by human beings are obviously influenced greatly by attitudes. Whether one listens to classical music or rock, whether one obeys the speed limit while driving, whether one encourages one’s husband or wife to express his or her own ideas－all are influenced by attitudes. These internal states are acquired(获得) throughout life from situations one is faced with in the home, in the streets, and in the school.Of course, the course of action chosen by an individual in any situation will be largely determined by the particulars of that situation. An individual who has a strong attitude of obeying laws may drive too fast when he is in a hurry and no police cars in sight. A child who has a strong attitude of honesty may steal a penny when she thinks no one will notice. But the internal state which remains unchanged over a period of time, and which makes the individual behave regularly in a variety of situations, is what is meant by an attitude.Attitudes are learned in a variety of ways. They can result from single incidents, as when an attitude toward snakes is acquired by an experience in childhood at the sudden movement of a snake. They can resu lt from the individual’s experiences of success and pleasure, as when someone acquires a positive attitude toward doing crossword puzzles by being able to complete some of them, And frequently, they are learned by copying other people’s able to complete so me of them, And frequently, they are learned by copying other people’s behavior, as when a child learns how to behave toward foreigners by observing the actions of his parents. Regardless of these differences, there is something in common in the learning and modification(修正) of attitudes. 52．According to the passage, attitudes __________.A．come from different situations in one’s lifeB．are largely affected by one’s behaviorC．remain unchanged in one’s daily lifeD．could be chosen according to one’s will53．The author uses the examples in Paragraph 3 to show ______.A．people often make mistakes when they are not noticedB．people with good attitudes may sometimes do bad deedsC．particulars of a si tuation may influence an individual’s actionD．an individual may change his or her attitude fairly easily54．Which of the following is TURE about the learning of attitudes?A．Attitudes are only learned through one’s success.B．Attitudes learned in danger will last longer.C．Copying others’ behavior is not a good idea.D．Attitudes can be learned from one’s parents.55．What would be the best title for the passage?A．Differences of Attitudes.B．Nature of Attitude.C．Choices of Attitudes.D．Modification of Attitude.11. Susan Sontag (1933 -- 2004) was one of the most noticeable figures in the world of literature. For more than 40 years she made it morally necessary to know everything -- to read every book worth reading, to see every movie worth seeing. When she was still in her early 30s, publishing essays in such important magazines as Partisan Review, she appeared as the symbol of American cultural life, trying hard to follow every new development in literature, film and art. With great effort and serious judgment, Sontag walked at the latest edges of world culture.Seriousness was one of Sontag's lifelong watchwords (格言), but at a time when the barriers between the well-educated and the poor-educated were obvious, she argued for a true openness to the pleasures of pop culture. In "Notes on Camp", the 1964 essay that first made her name, she explained what was then a little-known set of difficult understandings, through which she could not have been more famous. "Notes on Camp", she wrote, represents "a victory of 'form' over 'content', 'beauty' over 'morals'".By conviction (信念) she was a sensualist (感觉论者), but by nature she was a moralist (伦理学者), and in the works she published in the 1970s and 1980s, it was the latter side of her that came。

2024全国高考真题英语汇编：阅读理解D篇

2024全国高考真题英语汇编阅读理解D篇一、阅读理解（2024·浙江·高考真题）The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.1．What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test?A．Take an examination alone.B．Share their treats with others.C．Delay eating for fifteen minutes.D．Show respect for the researchers.2．According to Paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between_______.A．the calorie-poor world and our good appetites B．the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needsC．the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit D．the rich food supply and our unchanged brains 3．What does the author suggest readers do?A．Be selective information consumers.B．Absorb new information readily.C．Use diverse information sources.D．Protect the information environment.4．Which of the following is the best title for the text?A．Eat Less, Read More B．The Later, the BetterC．The Marshmallow Test for Grownups D．The Bitter Truth about Early Humans（2024·全国·高考真题）In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species inan area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable?”Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru.Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity?“Quite a lot,” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.”5．What do we know about the records of species collected now?A．They are becoming outdated.B．They are mostly in electronic form.C．They are limited in number.D．They are used for public exhibition.6．What does Daru’s study focus on?A．Threatened species.B．Physical specimens.C．Observational data.D．Mobile applications.7．What has led to the biases according to the study?A．Mistakes in data analysis.B．Poor quality of uploaded pictures.C．Improper way of sampling.D．Unreliable data collection devices.8．What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps?A．Review data from certain areas.B．Hire experts to check the records.C．Confirm the identity of the users.D．Give guidance to citizen scientists.（2024·全国·高考真题）Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革).In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) thatpowers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now — several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse.Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI-the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall.AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.9．What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A．If read by someone poorly educated.B．If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned.C．If written by someone less competent.D．If translated by someone unacademic.10．What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text?A．It is packed with complex codes.B．It adopts a down-to-earth writing style.C．It provides step-by-step instructions.D．It is intended for AI professionals.11．What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development?A．Observe existing regulations on it.B．Reconsider expert opinions about it.C．Make joint efforts to keep it under control.D．Learn from prior experience to slow it down.12．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A．To recommend a book on AI.B．To give a brief account of AI history.C．To clarify the definition of AI.D．To honor an outstanding AI expert.（2024·全国·高考真题）“I didn’t like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor. It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not. He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome. Of course, I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them.This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance. If I wanted an ending I couldn’t guess, I’d pick up a mystery (悬疑小说). One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. Choosingwhat to read became easier.But writing the end — that’s hard. It’s hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters.That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing. If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work.This issue won’t tell you what your ending should be — that’s up to you and the story you’re telling — but it might provide what you need to get there.13．Why did the author go to Prof. Gracie?A．To discuss a novel.B．To submit a book report.C．To argue for a writer.D．To ask for a reading list.14．What did the author realize after seeing Gracie?A．Writing is a matter of personal preferences.B．Readers are often carried away by character.C．Each type of literature has its unique end.D．A story which begins well will end well.15．What is expected of a good ending?A．It satisfies readers’ taste.B．It fits with the story development.C．It is usually positive.D．It is open for imagination.16．Why does the author mention Peter Mountford and Elizabeth Sims?A．To give examples of great novelists.B．To stress the theme of this issue.C．To encourage writing for the magazine.D．To recommend their new books.（2024·北京·高考真题）Franz Boas’s description of Inuit (因纽特人) life in the 19th century illustrates the probable moral code of early humans. Here, norms (规范) were unwritten and rarely expressed clearly, but were well understood and taken to heart. Dishonest and violent behaviours were disapproved of; leadership, marriage and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions. Conflict was often resolved in musical battles. Because arguing angrily leads to chaos, it was strongly discouraged. With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada being so demanding, the Inuit’s practical approach to morality made good sense.The similarity of moral virtues across cultures is striking, even though the relative ranking of the virtues may vary with a social group’s history and environment. Typically, cruelty and cheating are discouraged, while cooperation, humbleness and courage are praised. These universal norms far pre-date the concept of any moralising religion or written law. Instead, they are rooted in the similarity of basic human needs and our shared mechanisms for learning and problem solving. Our social instincts (本能) include the intense desire to belong. The approval of others is rewarding, while their disapproval is strongly disliked. These social emotions prepare our brains to shape our behaviour according to the norms and values of our family and our community. More generally, social instincts motivate us to learn how to behave in a socially complex world.The mechanism involves a repurposed reward system originally used to develop habits important for self-care. Our brains use the system to acquire behavioural patterns regarding safe routes home, efficient food gathering and dangers to avoid. Good habits save time, energy and sometimes your life. Good social habits do something similar in a social context. We learn to tell the truth, even when lying is self-serving; we help a grandparent even when it is inconvenient. We acquire what we call a sense of right and wrong.Social benefits are accompanied by social demands: we must get along, but not put up with too much. Hence self-discipline is advantageous. In humans, a greatly enlarged brain boosts self-control, just as it boosts problem-solving skills in the social as well as the physical world. These abilities are strengthened by our capacity for language, which allows social practices to develop in extremely unobvious ways.17．What can be inferred about the forming of the Inuit’s moral code?A．Living conditions were the drive.B．Unwritten rules were the target.C．Social tradition was the basis.D．Honesty was the key.18．What can we learn from this passage?A．Inconveniences are the cause of telling lies.B．Basic human needs lead to universal norms.C．Language capacity is limited by self-control.D．Written laws have great influence on virtues. 19．Which would be the best title for this passage?A．Virtues: Bridges Across Cultures B．The Values of Self-disciplineC．Brains: Walls Against Chaos D．The Roots of Morality参考答案1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。

2023全国高考真题英语汇编：阅读理解C篇

2023全国高考真题英语汇编阅读理解C篇一、阅读理解（2023·全国·统考高考真题）The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.1．What is the book aimed at?A．Teaching critical thinking skills.B．Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.C．Solving philosophical problems.D．Promoting the use of a digital device.2．What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean?A．Clear-up.B．Add-on.C．Check-in.D．Take-over.3．What is presented in the final chapter of part one?A．Theoretical models.B．Statistical methods.C．Practical examples.D．Historical analyses.4．What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two?A．Use them as needed.B．Recommend them to friends.C．Evaluate their effects.D．Identify the ideas behind them.（2023·全国·统考高考真题）Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists’ representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses —absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks — transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.5．Where is the text most probably taken from?A．An introduction to a book.B．An essay on the art of writing.C．A guidebook to a museum.D．A review of modern paintings.6．What are the selected artworks about?A．Wealth and intellect.B．Home and school.C．Books and reading.D．Work and leisure.7．What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean?A．Understand.B．Paint.C．Seize.D．Transform.8．What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader?A．The printed book is not totally out of date.B．Technology has changed the way we read.C．Our lives in the 21st century are networked.D．People now rarely have the patience to read.（2023·北京·统考高考真题）In recent years, researchers from diverse fields have agreed that short-termism is now a significant problem in industrialised societies. The inability to engage with longer-term causes and consequences leads to some of the world’s most serious problems: climate change, biodiversity collapse, and more. The historian Francis Cole argues that the West has entered a period where “only the present exists, a present characterised at once by the cruelty of the instant and by the boredom of an unending now”.It has been proved that people have a bias (偏向) towards the present, focusing on loud attractions in the moment at the expense of the health, well-being and financial stability of their future selves or community. In business, this bias surfaces as short-sighted decisions. And on slow-burning problems like climate change, it translates into theunwillingness to make small sacrifices (牺牲) today that could make a major difference tomorrow. Instead, all that matters is next quarter’s profit, or satisfying some other near-term desires.These biased perspectives cannot be blamed on one single cause. It is fair to say, though, that our psychological biases play a major role. People’s hesitancy to delay satisfaction is the most obvious example, but there are others. One of them is about how the most accessible information in the present affects decisions about the future. For instance, you might hear someone say: “It’s cold this winter, so I needn’t worry about global warming.”Another is that loud and urgent matters are given too much importance, making people ignore longer-term trends that arguably matter more. This is when a pop star draws far more attention than, say, gradual biodiversity decline.As a psychologist once joked, if aliens (外星人) wanted to weaken humanity, they wouldn’t send ships; they would invent climate change. Indeed, when it comes to environmental transformations, we can develop a form of collective “poor memory”, and each new generation can believe the state of affairs they encounter is nothing out of the ordinary. Older people today, for example, can remember a time with insect-covered car windscreens after long drives. Children, on the other hand, have no idea that insect population has dropped dramatically.9．The author quotes Francis Cole mainly to ________.A．draw a comparisonB．introduce a topicC．evaluate a statementD．highlight a problem10．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A．Climate change has been forgotten.B．Lessons of history are highly valued.C．The human mind is bad at noting slow change.D．Humans are unwilling to admit their shortcomings.11．What does the author intend to tell us?A．Far-sighted thinking matters to humans.B．Humans tend to make long-term sacrifices.C．Current policies facilitate future decision-making.D．Bias towards the present helps reduce near-term desires.（2023·全国·统考高考真题）I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy (哲学).That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you — and then try to explain them.Eric Weiner’s The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonderlike Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation.The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. It’s worth your time, even if time is something we don’t have a lot of.12．Who opened the door to philosophy for the author?A．Foucault.B．Eric Weiner.C．Jostein Gaarder.D．A college teacher.13．Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4?A．To compare Weiner with them.B．To give examples of great works.C．To praise their writing skills.D．To help readers understand Weiner’s book.14．What does the author like about The Socrates Express?A．Its views on history are well-presented.B．Its ideas can be applied to daily life.C．It includes comments from readers.D．It leaves an open ending.15．What does the author think of Weiner’s book?A．Objective and plain.B．Daring and ambitious.C．Serious and hard to follow.D．Humorous and straightforward.（2023·全国·统考高考真题）What comes into your mind when you think of British food? Probably fish and chips, or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting? Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.16．What do people usually think of British food?A．It is simple and plain.B．It is rich in nutrition.C．It lacks authentic tastes.D．It deserves a high reputation.17．Which best describes cookery programme on British TV?A．Authoritative.B．Creative.C．Profitable.D．Influential.18．Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now?A．20%.B．24%.C．25%.D．33%.19．What might the author continue talking about?A．The art of cooking in other countries.B．Male chefs on TV programmes.C．Table manners in the UK.D．Studies of big eaters.参考答案1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。

阅读题及答案高考(汇编7篇)

阅读题及答案高考(汇编7篇）阅读题及答案高考（1）We produce 500 billion of plastic bags in a year worldwide and they are thrown away polluting oceans，killing wildlife and getting dumped in landfills where they take up to 1000 years to Researchers have been unsuccessfully looking for aThe 16yearold Canadian high school student，Daniel Burd, from Waterloo Collegiate Institute, has discovered a way to make plastic bags degrade(分解) in as few as 3 months，a finding that won him first prize at the Canada-Wide Science Fair，a $10 000 prize，a $20 000 scholarship, and a chance to revolutionize a major environmentalBurd's strategy was simple: Since plastic does eventually degrade, it must be eaten by microorganisms (微生物). If those microorganisms could be identified, we could put them to work eating the plastic much faster than under normalWith this goal in mind, he ground plastic bags into a powder and concocted(调制) a solution of household chemicals, yeast(酵母) and tap water to encourage microbes Then he added the plastic powder and let the microbes work their magic for 3 Finally，he tested the resulting bacterial culture on plastic bags，exposing one plastic sample to dead bacteria as a Sure enough, the plastic exposed (暴露) to the live bacteria was 17% lighter than the control after sixThe inputs are cheap：maintaining the required temperature takes little energy because microbes produce heat as they work, and the only outputs are water and tiny levels of carbon“Almost every week I have to do chores and when I open the closet door, I have piles of plastic bags falling on top of One day, I got tired of it and I wanted to know what other people are doing with these plastic The answer：not So I decided to do something ”said DanielDaniel Burd won first prize at the Canada-Wide Science Fairhe found a new kind of microorganismhe contributed much to environmental protectionhe found a way to degrade plastics in shorter timehe could encourage microbes growth in an easier wayDaniel Burd exposed one plastic sample to dead bacteriamake the live bacteria work bettertest how effective his method wasknow which bacteria worked fastercontrol the temperature in the processMaintaining the required temperature takes little energy becauseplastics can get hot easilymicrobes can produce heat themselvesmuch carbon dioxide is producedthe temperature can be controlledDaniel Burd got his idea fromhis school textbookthe failure of researchershis everyday workthe practice of other people阅读题及答案高考（2）本文是一篇新闻报道类文章。

2023全国高考真题英语汇编：阅读理解D篇

2023全国高考真题英语汇编阅读理解D篇一、阅读理解（2023·全国·统考高考真题）On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together”. Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. 1．What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?A．The methods of estimation. B．The underlying logic of the effect.C．The causes of people’s errors. D．The design of Galton’s experiment.2．Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________.A．the crowds were relatively small B．there were occasional underestimatesC．individuals did not communicate D．estimates were not fully independent3．What did the follow-up study focus on?A．The size of the groups. B．The dominant members.C．The discussion process. D．The individual estimates.4．What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies?A．Unclear. B．Dismissive. C．Doubtful. D．Approving.（2023·全国·统考高考真题）As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildnessin urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves.”Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail.Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.“We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study.5．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text?A．Pocket parks are now popular. B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities.C．Many cities are overpopulated. D．People enjoy living close to nature.6．Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories?A．To compare different types of park-goers. B．To explain why the park attracts tourists.C．To analyze the main features of the park. D．To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries.7．What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5?A．Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.B．Young people are too busy to interact with nature.C．The same nature experience takes different forms.D．The nature language enhances work performance.8．What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn?A．Language study. B．Environmental conservation.C．Public education. D．Intercultural communication.（2023·北京·统考高考真题）What is life? Like most great questions, this one is easy to ask but difficult to answer. The reason is simple: we know of just one type of life and it’s challenging to do science with a sample size of one. The field of artificial life-called ALife for short — is the systematic attempt to spell out life’s fundamental principles. Many of these practitioners, so-called ALifers, think that somehow making life is the surest way to really understand what life is.So far no one has convincingly made artificial life. This track record makes ALife a ripe target for criticism, such as declarations of the field’s doubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a complexity scientist, is tired of such complaints. Asking about “the point” of ALife might be, well, missing the point entirely, he says. “The existence ofa living system is not about the use of anything.” Alan says. “Some people ask me, ‘So what’s the worth of artificial life?’ Do you ever think, ‘What is the worth of your grandmother?’”As much as many ALifers hate emphasizing their research’s applications, the attempts to create artificial life could have practical payoffs. Artificial intelligence may be considered ALife’s cousin in that researchers in both fields are enamored by a concept called open-ended evolution (演化). This is the capacity for a system to create essentially endless complexity, to be a sort of “novelty generator”. The only system known to exhibit this is Earth’s biosphere. If the field of ALife manages to reproduce life’s endless “creativity” in some virtual model, those same principles could give rise to truly inventive machines.Compared with the developments of Al, advances in ALife are harder to recognize. One reason is that ALife is a field in which the central concept — life itself — is undefined. The lack of agreement among ALifers doesn’t help either. The result is a diverse line of projects that each advance along their unique paths. For better or worse, ALife mirrors the very subject it studies. Its muddled (混乱的) progression is a striking parallel (平行线) to the evolutionary struggles that have shaped Earth biosphere.Undefined and uncontrolled, ALife drives its followers to repurpose old ideas and generated novelty. It may be, of course, that these characteristics aren’t in any way surprising or singular. They may apply universally to all acts of evolution. Ultimately ALife may be nothing special. But even this dismissal suggests something：perhaps, just like life itself throughout the universe, the rise of ALife will prove unavoidable.9．Regarding Alan Smith’s defence of ALife, the author is .A．supportive B．puzzled C．unconcerned D．doubtful10．What does the word “enamored” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?A．Shocked. B．Protected. C．Attracted. D．Challenged.11．What can we learn from this passage?A．ALife holds the key to human future. B．ALife and AI share a common feature.C．AI mirrors the developments of ALife. D．AI speeds up the process of human evolution. 12．Which would be the best title for the passage?A．Life Is Undefined. Can AI Be a Way Out?B．Life Evolves. Can AI Help ALife Evolve, Too?C．Life Is Undefined. Can ALife Be Defined One Day?D．Life Evolves. Can Attempts to Create ALife Evolve, Too?（2023·全国·统考高考真题）Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche — we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.“Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more, they’re increasingly being sighted by humans.The western half of the US was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers,600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the US. Their recovery has been so successful that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed.Obviously, if precautions (预防) aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,” says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula.13．How do Americans look at grizzlies?A．They cause mixed feelings in people.B．They should be kept in national parks.C．They are of high scientific value.D．They are a symbol of American culture.14．What has helped the increase of the grizzly population?A．The European settlers’ behavior.B．The expansion of bears’ range.C．The protection by law since 1975.D．The support of Native Americans.15．What has stopped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service from delisting grizzlies?A．The opposition of conservation groups.B．The successful comeback of grizzlies.C．The voice of the biologists.D．The local farmers’ advocates.16．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A．Food should be provided for grizzlies.B．People can live in harmony with grizzlies.C．A special path should be built for grizzlies.D．Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies.（2023·全国·统考高考真题）If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that,but in many cases we simply can’t. The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps the first conflict, at Botany Bay, between Captain Cook’s voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot. If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports.In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects. 17．What is the first paragraph mainly about?A．How past events should be presented. B．What humanity is concerned about.C．Whether facts speak louder than words. D．Why written language is reliable.18．What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in paragraph 2?A．His report was scientific. B．He represented the local people.C．He ruled over Botany Bay. D．His record was one-sided.19．What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to?A．Problem. B．History. C．V oice. D．Society.20．Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from?A．How Maps Tell Stories of the World B．A Short History of AustraliaC．A History of the World in 100 Objects D．How Art Works Tell Stories参考答案1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D【导语】本文是说明文。

历年高考真题：语文阅读理解及答案

历年高考真题：语文阅读理解及答案历年高考真题：语文阅读理解及答案历年真题是同学们复习中必备练习题，为方便同学们复习高考语文阅读理解，下面是小编精心整理的历年高考真题：语文阅读理解及答案，欢迎大家分享。

历年高考真题：语文阅读理解及答案篇1阅读下面的作品，完成11～14题。

何容何许人也老舍粗枝大叶的我可以把与我年纪相仿佛的好友们分为两类。

第一类是因经济的压迫或别种原因，没有机会充分发展自己的才力。

第二类差不多都是悲剧里的角色。

他们是旧时代的弃儿，新时代的伴郎。

这些人们带着满肚子的委屈，而且还得到处扬着头微笑，好像天下与自己都很太平似的。

何容兄是这样朋友中的一位代表。

他没有一点“新”气，更提不到“洋”气。

他的“古道”使他柔顺像个羊，同时能使他硬如铁。

当他硬的时候，不要说巴结人，就是泛泛的敷衍一下也不肯。

在他柔顺的时候，他的感情完全受着理智的调动：比如说友人的小孩病得要死，他能昼夜的去给守着，而面上老是微笑，希望他的笑能减少友人一点痛苦;及至友人们都睡了，他才独对着垂死的小儿落泪。

反之，对于他以为不是东西的人，他全任感情行事，不管人家多么难堪。

怎样能被他“承认”呢?第一个条件是光明磊落。

所谓光明磊落就是一个人能把旧礼教中那些舍己从人的地方用在一切行动上。

而且用得自然单纯，不为着什么利益与必期的效果。

光明磊落使他不能低三下四的求爱，使他穷，使他的生活没有规律，使他不能多写文章——非到极满意不肯寄走，改、改、改，结果文章失去自然的风趣。

作什么他都出全力，为是对得起人，而成绩未必好。

可是他愿费力不讨好，不肯希望“歪打正着”。

他不常喝酒，一喝起来他可就认了真，喝酒就是喝酒;醉?活该!在他思索的时候，他是心细如发。

他以为不必思索的事，根本不去思索，譬如喝酒，喝就是了，管它什么。

他的心思忽细忽粗，正如其为人忽柔忽硬。

他并不是疯子，但是这种矛盾的现象，使他“阔”不起来。

对于自己物质的享受，他什么都能将就;对于择业择友，一点也不将就。

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现代文阅读理解
在高考阅读理解的考题大致可以分为三类，论述类文本，文学类文本，实用类文本。

无论是在回答那种阅读理解时，都大致可以遵循三个原则。

纵观全文，把握主旨——无视生词难句，以最快的速度通读全文并理解文章大意。

认真审题，定向扫描——浏览文章后的问题，再仔细阅读全文，要认真读题目中的每个字，并在原文找出大致范围。

复读全文，验证答案——答完题后，再快速读一遍文章，以确保答案的正确。

接下来进行高考阅读理解讲解。

一、论述类
论述类文本主要包括议论文，杂文，评论等，简单来讲就是包括议论文和说明文的文本。

在高考中，论述类文本主考选择题，同时还是整张试卷的第一道题，所以难度相对较低，选择题答案都在原文中，甚至光读选项也能知道哪个正确哪个错误，只要仔细读文，认真审题，看清选项，作为开局的论述类文本其实十分简单。

二、实用类文本
实用类文本包括人物传记，新闻，调查报告，科普文章等，大多以介绍最新科技产品，或是医学技术等取得进步，如果正好在两会期间可能还会考到相关文本。

实用类文本阅读相对论述类文本来说算难的，虽然题目答案依旧在文章中，但在选择题中则多了许多模糊选项，若不仔细去看连正确选项也会忽略。

同样，即使是在文章中寻找每段的侧重点是什么，有何不同，就比较容易被文章中的相似内容带偏，这时就需要我们寻找或提炼文章/语段/问题的关键点，关键点应该是明确的判断，是这段文字的主旨所在。

三、文学类文本
文学类文本包括小说，散文，戏剧，诗歌等，大体上仍是多以小说散文为主要考型，答题技巧按记叙文答题方式回答即可。

文学类文本毫无疑问是高考卷阅读理解题目中最难得一道，成绩大多在这里拉开。

当然，选择题依旧是送分。

（一）如何阅读
1.景物描写的作用：渲染气氛，烘托人物心情，推动情节发展，表现人物的品质，衬托中心意思
2.运用描写方法的作用：表现人物性格，反映作品主题
3.运用比喻拟人等修辞的作用：运用了……的修辞，生动形象地写出了……
4.运用比喻拟人等修辞的作用：运用了……的修辞，生动形象地写出了……
5.反问句的作用：加强语气，引起下文，承上启下
6.设问句的作用：引起读者的注意和思考，引出下文，承上启下
7.题目的作用：概括内容；揭示主题；提示线索
8.记叙文第一段作用：①环境描写：点明故事发生的地点，环境，引出下文，为下文情节发展作铺垫②其他：开篇点题，奠定全文的感情基调；总领全文或引起下文，为下文情节发展作铺垫
9.中间句段的作用：承上启下的过度作用
10.结尾议论性句子的作用：总结全文，照应开头，点明中心，深化主题
11.记叙顺序：顺叙，倒叙，插叙
12.写作人称的好处：第一人称，真实可信；第二人称，亲切自然；第三人称，可以多角度描写，不受时间和空间的限制
13.记叙线索的形式：实物，人物，思想感情变化，时间，地点，中心事件
14.找线索的方法：标题，反复出现的某个词语或某个事物，抒情议论句
15.赏析句段从三方面考虑：内容（写了什么，选材有哪些独到之处），形式（写作方法，
语言特色，修辞），感情（文章的社会价值，意义，作用等）
（二）常见考点及答题技巧
1.把握文章内容，概括文章所写事件
必须包括两个要素：人物+事情
可用模式：什么人+在什么情况下+做什么事+什么结果
2.品味题目
①先看题目本义：词语含义，概括内容
②思考深层含义：中心/主旨（与中心的关系，点明了……），人物（表现人物性格，表明作者情感，是作者的情感触发点）
③最后分析效果：运用比喻，化用诗词，引用诗歌，一语双关等，能生动形象，新颖含蓄，言简意丰，发人深思，引起阅读兴趣等
3.记叙线索及作用
线索种类：物线，事线，人线，感情线，时间线，地点线，见闻线等
判断技巧：看题目。

看议论抒情句，看多次出现的词语
作用：线索是贯穿全文的脉络，把文中的人物和事件有机地连在一起，使文章条理清楚，层次清晰
4.描写的种类与作用
（1）人物描写：
A.正面描写：
①肖像/外貌/神态描写：交代了人物的……身份/地位/处境/经历/心理状态/思想性格等
②语言/动作描写：形象生动地表现出人物的……心理，并反映出了人物的……性格特征/精神品质，推动了情节的发展
③心理描写：形象生动的反映出人物的……思想，揭示了人物的……性格/品质
B.侧面描写：衬托了人物……思想/性格特征
（2）环境描写：
①自然环境：交代故事发生时间、地点及人物活动的空间，渲染……环境气氛，烘托人物的……情感，预示人物的……命运，表现人物……性格，推动故事情节的发展，揭示文章主题
②社会环境：交代故事发生的……时代背景/时代特征/社会习俗思想观念/人和人之间的关系，渲染……环境气氛，衬托人物心情，推动情节发展，深化主题，揭示人物性格和命运产生的原因
5分析人物形象
通过分析典型事件来理解人物形象
通过对人物描写方法的分析来把握人物的思想性格。

格式：由文中……（言行）表现出该人物……的精神/品质/性格/思想/个性
6.分析句子或语段中的作用
（1）内容上：结合文段内容概括，点明中心、升华主题、画龙点睛、表达了作者的思想感情等作用
（2）结构上：
①开头：总领全文，引出下文
②中间：承上启下，过渡，为后文做铺垫，埋下伏笔
③结尾：总结上文，照应开头，戛然而止，意味深长，发人深思，升华主题等
7.品味句子或语段
加点词：动词形容词精辟准确，把事物说得形象具体；使用成语，为文章增色；关键词
点明中心
句子：这句话运用了……的修辞手法，生动形象地写出了……表现了……（修辞手法+内容）
注意在写作时一定要结合文章的具体内部实质意义来写
8.分析写作手法及作用
①象征手法：……象征……，表达了……感情，增强了文章的表现力
②对比手法：通过对比，突出事物或描写对象的特点，更好的表现了文章的主题
③讽刺手法：运用比喻夸张等手段和方法对人或事物进行揭露、批判和嘲笑，加强深刻性和批判性，使语言辛辣幽默
④欲扬先抑和先扬后抑：上下文形成鲜明对比，突出主要的人或事物的特点/性格/思想/感情等，收到出人意料的感人效果
⑤侧面烘托和正面描写：以次要人物或事物衬托主要的人或事物，突出主要的人或事物的特点/性格/思想/感情等
⑥前后照应/首尾呼应：使情节完整，结构严谨，中心突出
⑦设置悬念能引起读者注意，引出文章的说明内容
⑧文章开篇写作手法：引用名言，先声夺人（运用一系列排比句增强气势），采用题记（富有文采），景物描写（渲染气氛），开门见山，倒叙开头
⑨文章结尾写作手法：抒情议论结尾（画龙点睛，点明主旨），出人意料又合乎情理，戛然而止（发人深省）
9.分析加点词与或句子的含义
词语：①通读全文，把握主旨
②依据语感揣摩词义，结合上下文，联系语境辨别、验证
③结合修辞手法理解词语含义
④结合作者的情感倾向理解词语
句子：①内涵丰富的句子要在联系上下文的基础上，弄清使用了何种修辞手法，再加以理解；结构复杂的句子要采用紧缩的方法，去掉附加成分，抓住主干
②句不离段，参照本段中心意思去理解句子，理解了本段的意思，再难理解的句子也能迎刃而解
③根据橘子的位置理解句子含义
④理解句子的修饰、限定成分
解释含义简单方法：
①借用法：借用原文中具有相似意义的句子
②裁剪法：将分散在文章中有用的句子拼接融合在一起
③压缩发：把和语句有关的大段文字压缩整理，用规范的语言表述出来
④阐释法：有些题目要求结合自己的实际谈理解看法，这要紧扣文章主旨和语段的中心意思去举例子
10.文段中指代词指代对象的判断
通常为往前找前一句或前一段，找到后将找到的内容放在指代词所在句中读一读，看是否合适
11.记叙的人称及作用
第一人称：便于直抒胸臆，读来有亲和力和真实感
第三人称：不受时空限制，可以从多方面叙述
第二人称代词：可以增强文章的抒情性和亲和力，便于感情的交流
12.开放性阅读试题
①抒发时最还要有标志性语言，如“我认为……”言简意赅的表明自己的观点
②再用“比如”“例如”之类的词语，运用举例论证或道理论证来支撑自己的观点，给人以条理清楚，论证有力的良好印象
③抒发内部实质意义眼紧跟时代步伐，贴近生活实际
④要有正确的人生观、价值观
⑤语言要通顺，抒发要流畅。