职场健康心理学教学教案

“somaticization”
better mental health, similar job satisfaction
(Lu et al., 1994)
△ 1 in 11 Taiwanese nurses suffered mental
ill-health, 1 in 4 suffered physical ill-health, at a level comparable to British psychiatric patients.
– A worker becomes temporarily or permanently disabled every 10 seconds
誰是受害者？
• Working population
– 60%-70% of adult male population – 30-60% of adult female population – 23% of the population of children and
adolescents who are 5 to 17 years old
• Nonworking population
職場健康的醫學模式
• 職業傷害＝任何因工作而產生的傷害 • 職業疾病＝any abnormal condition or
disorder, caused by exposure to factors associated with employment
labour-intensive
social changes:
high-tech, service sector
traditional
Westernization, modernization
△Taiwanese industrial workers vs. British
worse physical health
• 個人層面
− 工作/家庭衝突
(W/F conflict) – 身體狀況
(Physical characteristics) – 心理特徵 (Psychological characteristics) – 個人價值 (Values)
Work stress in Taiwan
△economic changes:
(DOL, 2001)
• Medical model: 沒有職業傷害和疾病就
是健康
職場健康的再定義
• WHO model: A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or inFra Baidu bibliotekirmity.
OHP
職場健康的相關因子
• 組織層面
– 組織氣氛 (Climate) – 組織支持 (Support) – 領導統御 (Leadership) – 工作壓力 (Stressors) – 組織精簡 (Downsizing) – 技術設備 (Technology) – 公平正義 (Equity) – 組織制度 (Policies)
△Stress-related life costs:
– 137 individuals die of work-related disease every day.
– 16 die of injuries sustained at work ever day
– A worker becomes injured every 5 seconds
職場健康心理學 Occupational health psychology (OHP)
陸洛 中央大學人力資源管理研究所
Cost of job stress
△Stress-related organizational costs:
50% of absenteeism 40% of turnover
OHP的終極目標
• 健康的職場 (Healthy workplace)
發揮潛能 (use talents) 卓越績效 (high performance) 工作滿足 (high satisfaction) 幸福人生 (well-being)
OHP 與其他心理學領域
Cognitive
Social/Health
Leadership
Job stress
Coping
Job design
OHP
Socialization
Assessment
Team
Motivation
OHP 與諮商/臨床心理學
Vocational Guidance Career Counseling Employee Assistance Individual/family counseling Stress Management
5% of reduced productivity ($300 billion in US)
(Matteson & Ivancevich, 1987)
△Stress-related national costs:
12% of GNP (US), 10% of GNP (UK)
(Quick et al.,1990;Cartwright & Cooper,1996)
• OHP＝the application of psychology to protect and promote the safety, health, and well being of workers and to improve the quality of work life
(American Psychological Association, 1998).
IO
OHP Perception
Clinical
Developmental
OHP 與其他專業
Management
Epidemiology
OHP
Health and Safety
Ergonomics
Industrial Hygiene
Medicine/Nursing
OHP 與工商心理學
Recruitment Selection Placement Training Job analysis Performance evaluation