词汇学教程张维友版课后习题答案

《英语词汇学教程》（2004年版）练习答案

【Chapter1】

7．tart:loose woman bloke:fellow

gat:pistol swell:great

chicken:coward blue:fight

smoky:police full:drunk

dame:woman beaver:girl

8.haply=perhaps albeit=although

methinks=it seems to me eke=also

sooth=truth morn=morning

troth=pledge ere=before

quoth=said hallowed=holy

billow=wave/the sea bade=bid

12.

Denizens Aliens Translation loans Semantic loans

kettle die wall skirt husband confrere

pro patria

Wunderkind

mikado

parvenu

chopstick

typhoon

black humour

long time no see

dream

【Chapter2】Ex.1

The Indo-European Language Family is one of the most important language families in the world.It is made up of most of the languages of Europe,the Near East and India.English belongs to this family and the other members of the Indo-European have more or less influence on English vocabulary.A knowledge of the Indo-European Language Family will help us understand English words better and use them more appropriately.

2.Indo-European Language Family

Balto-Slavic Indo-Iranian Celtic Italian Hellenic Germanic

Roumanian Hindi Breton Spanish Greek English

Lithuanian Persian Scottish French Swedish

Prussian Irish Italian German

Polish Portuguese Norweigian

Slavenian Icelandic

Russian Danish

Bulgarian Dutch

6.

When in the course of human events,it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with another,and to assume among the powers of the earth separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of nature's God entitle them,a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.

Most of the content words are either of Greek or Latin origin.

What are left are mostly functional words.This shows that Greek and Latin play a very important part in the English vocabulary.

8.eventful[Latin+English]hydroplane[Greek+Latin]

falsehood[Latin+English]pacifist[Latin+Greek]

saxophone[German+Greek]

heirloom[French+English]

joss house[Portuguese+English]television

[Greek+Latin]

9.

amateur(late)finacé(late)empire(early)

peace(E)courage(E)garage(L)

judgement(E)chair(E)chaise(L)

grace(E)servant(E)routine(L) jealous(E)savaté(L)genre(L) gender(E)début(L)morale(L) state(E)chez(L)ballet(L)

11.

allegro,f轻快

andante,j行板

diminuendo,g渐弱

largo,d缓慢

pianoforte,a轻转慢

alto,i女低音

crescendo,b渐强

forte,e强

piano,h轻

soprano,c女高音

12.

cherub(Hebrew)snorkel(G)

coolie(Hindi)tulip(Turk)

lasso(Sp)wok(Ch)

shampoo(Indian)chocolate(Mex)

tepee(Am Ind)jubilee(Gr)