英语语法 如何把直接引语转换为间接引语
语法基础直接和间接引语的正确转换技巧
语法基础直接和间接引语的正确转换技巧语法基础:直接和间接引语的正确转换技巧语法中的直接引语和间接引语是表达别人说话内容的两种方式。
在进行转换时,我们需要将直接引语转化为间接引语或者将间接引语转化为直接引语。
以下是正确转换技巧的介绍。
1. 直接引语转换为间接引语当我们将别人的话转换为间接引语时,我们需要注意以下几点:主语与谓语动词:- 若直接引语的主语与谓语动词与间接引语的主句主语和谓语动词一致,则不需要更改,例如:"I love ice cream," she said. - She said that she loved ice cream.- 若不一致,则需要根据情境进行调整,例如:"I am tired," he said. - He said that he was tired.人称代词和指示代词:- 在间接引语中,人称代词和指示代词的引用需要根据情境进行相应更改,例如:"I will do it," he said. - He said that he would do it.时间和地点:- 若直接引语中包含时间或地点,我们需要对其进行相应调整,例如:"I live in New York," she said. - She said that she lived in New York.- 若间接引语地点与发言者所在地不同,则需要相应调整,例如:"I am here," she said. - She said that she was there.2. 间接引语转换为直接引语将间接引语转换为直接引语能够更加准确地表达原本的说话者的意思,转换时需要注意以下几点:去除引导词:- 首先,我们需要去除引导词,例如:"She said that she was busy." - "I am busy."主语和谓语动词:- 若间接引语中的主语与谓语动词与直接引语的主句主语和谓语动词一致,则不需要更改,例如:"He said that he loves ice cream." - "Ilove ice cream."- 若不一致,则需要根据情境进行调整,例如:"He said that he was tired." - "I am tired."人称代词和指示代词:- 在直接引语中,人称代词和指示代词的使用需要根据情境进行相应更改,例如:"She said that she would do it." - "I will do it."时间和地点:- 若间接引语中包含时间或地点,我们需要根据情境进行相应调整,例如:"She said that she lived in New York." - "I live in New York."以上是直接引语和间接引语的正确转换技巧。
英语语法:直接引语变间接引语
英语语法:直接引语变间接引语英语语法:直接引语变间接引语英语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后,系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。
英语语法的精髓在于掌握语言的使用。
在英语六级的学习过程中有哪些直接引语变间接引语的方法呢?下面就让店铺为大家整理的英语语法:直接引语变间接引语,一起来看看吧。
一、概述引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法:直接引述别人的原话,这叫做直接引语(direct speech)。
用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语(indirect speech)。
一般地讲,直接引语前后要加引号,间接引语不用引号,而用宾语从句来表达。
Mr. Black said, “I'm busy.”布菜克先生说:“我很忙”。
(直接引语)Mr. Black said that he was busy.布菜克先生说他很忙。
(宾语从句是间接引语)从上例看来,直接引语改为间接引语时,除将直接引语改为宾语从句之外,还须对直接引语中的人称和时态进行相应的变化,如上例直接引语中的I改成了he, am则改成了was。
现将由直接引语改为间接引语时应注意的问题,分述如下:二、直接引语是陈述句时直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导(that 在口语中常省去),that从句之前用say、tell等动词,从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。
1、人称的变化直接引语改为间接引语人称要相应的变化,把直接引语中的第一人称(如:I,me,my,mine,we,us,our,ours)变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。
把直接引语中的第二人称(you,your,yours)变为和主句的间接宾语(即听话人,如无听话人,可根据上下文的体会人为确定一个人称)相一致的人称。
直接引语中的第三人称(he,him,his,she,her,hers,it,its,they,their,theirs,them)变为间接引语时,人称不变。
语法直接引语和间接引语的转换
语法直接引语和间接引语的转换语法上,直接引语和间接引语是两种表达他人所说话的方式。
直接引语是将他人的原话直接引用并用引号包裹起来,而间接引语则是将他人的原话转述为自己的话,并无需使用引号。
在文中,我们将重点讨论如何将直接引语和间接引语进行转换。
一、直接引语的转换为间接引语在将直接引语转换为间接引语时,需要注意以下几点:1.人称和时态变化:在转述他人的话时,需要对人称和时态进行相应的变化。
比如,如果原话是第一人称现在时,转述为间接引语时则需要变为第三人称现在时。
例如,直接引语为:“I am happy。
”转换为间接引语时变为:“He said he was happy.”2.时间和地点的变化:如果直接引语中涉及到具体的时间和地点,转述为间接引语时可能需要相应的变化。
例如,直接引语为:“They will come here tomorrow.”转换为间接引语时变为:“He said they would go there the next day.”3.连词的使用:在将直接引语转换为间接引语时,通常需要在引述的话语前后添加引导词,如“he said”, “she told me”等。
这样可以让读者明确知道这句话是他人所说。
二、间接引语的转换为直接引语将间接引语转换为直接引语的时候,需要注意下面几点:1.去除引导词:转换为直接引语时,需要去除引导词。
比如,间接引语为:“He said he was happy.”转换为直接引语时变为:“I am happy.”2.准确引述:在转换为直接引语时,要准确引述原话,不要有任何改动。
这意味着要使用原话中的人称和时态,以及具体的时间和地点信息。
3.添加引号:直接引语需要使用引号将原话包裹起来,以示区别。
通过以上两种方式的转换,我们可以在写作中更加灵活地运用直接引语和间接引语。
不仅可以丰富文章内容,还可以更好地展示他人的观点和态度。
但是在使用时,我们要注意引述的准确性和适度,以避免误导读者或者带来不必要的歧义。
英语直接引语变间接引语的讲解
英语直接引语变间接引语的讲解
将英语直接引语转换为间接引语需要进行几个关键步骤,主要包括缩进、时态和人称的转换。
以下是详细的讲解:
1. 缩进:在直接引语转变为间接引语时,通常需要从第二行开始缩进。
通常使用两个或更多的空格或制表符来实现这一目的。
2. 时态:通常来说,间接引语中的时态应与主要句子的时态一致。
例如,如果主句使用一般现在时,间接引语也应当使用一般现在时。
然而,如果直接引语中的动作发生在过去,并且与主句的动作发生在同一时间,间接引语可以使用过去进行时来代替过去时态。
3. 人称:在直接引语转变为间接引语时,人称需要进行相应的转换。
例如,直接引语中的“I”在间接引语中应变为“he”或“she”。
4. 指示词和动词:指示词如“this”和“that”在直接引语转变为间接引语时通常需要省略。
此外,动词如“say”和“tell”在间接引语中通常可以省略,除非它们在句子中起到其他作用。
5. 标点符号:在直接引语转变为间接引语时,标点符号也需要进行相应的转换。
例如,直接引语的句号在间接引语中应变为逗号,而直接引语的感叹号在间接引语中应变为句号。
以下是一个示例:
直接引语:“I love you!”he said.
间接引语:“He said that he loved me.”
在这个例子中,我们可以看到“I”被转换为“he”,“said”被省略了,同时指示词“that”被添加到了句子中。
此外,“!”也被省略了,取而代之的是句号。
希望这个讲解能帮助你更好地理解如何将英语直接引语转换为间接引语。
高中英语知识点归纳直接引语与间接引语的转换方法
高中英语知识点归纳直接引语与间接引语的转换方法高中英语知识点归纳:直接引语与间接引语的转换方法直接引语是直接将他人的话用引号括起来并原封不动地引述下来,而间接引语则是将他人的话转述成自己的话。
在英语学习中,掌握直接引语与间接引语的转换方法是非常重要的。
直接引语的转换方法:1. 添加引号和逗号:将直接引语的句子用引号括起来,并在引号后面加上逗号。
例如:直接引语:He said, "I am going to the library."转换为间接引语:He said that he was going to the library.2. 修改人称:将直接引语中的人称改为与转述者相对应的人称。
例如:直接引语:She said, "I love this song."转换为间接引语:She said that she loved that song.3. 修改动词时态:根据转述时的时间点,将直接引语中的动词时态相应地修改。
例如:直接引语:He said, "I will visit my grandparents next week."转换为间接引语:He said that he would visit his grandparents the following week.4. 修改时间状语:将直接引语中的时间状语根据转述时的具体情况进行修改。
例如:直接引语:She said, "I saw him yesterday."转换为间接引语:She said that she had seen him the day before.间接引语的转换方法:1. 去除引号和逗号:去除直接引语中的引号和逗号。
例如:间接引语:She said that she loved that song.2. 恢复原人称:根据直接引语的原人称,将间接引语中的人称恢复到原来的形式。
直接引语变间接引语口诀五则
••直接引语变间接引语口诀五则1.变陈述句,去掉引号加that, 时态全向后退过;人称变化看主语,其它变化背表格。
2.变一般疑问句,去掉引号请“if”,陈述语序要记住;时态人称后状语,全都要变别马虎。
3.变特殊疑问句,直接引语去引号,原句问词作引导;陈述语序助去掉,其它变化别漏掉。
4.变祈使句,动前加to去引导,tell, ask句型套;否认祈使一样变, not就往to前靠。
5.直转间人称变,一主二宾三不变。
【特别提示】“一主”是指直接引语为第一人称变间接引语时,须与主句的主语在人称和数上坚持一致;“二宾”是指直接引语是第二人称变间接引语后需与主句的宾语在人称上一致;“三不变”是指直接引语中的代词若是第三人称,变为间接引语时则不变.直接引语变为间接引语时,若主句为过去时态,变为间接引语的宾语从句通常要将时态往后推一个,即。
如:一般现在时变为一般过去时,一般将来时变为过去将来时,现在进行时变为过去进行时,现在完成时变为过去完成时,一般过去时也变为过去完成时,等等(若直接引语为过去完成时,变为间接引语可以不变)。
另外,若直接引语中有情态动词can, may等,也应变成过去式could, might等(情态动词must可以变为had to,也可不变,should, ought to, had better 等可以不变)。
如:“I want to stay here.”he said. 他说。
如:“我想留在这儿。
”→He said that he wanted to stay there. 他说他想留在那儿。
She said, “It’s raining very hard.”他说。
如:“雨下得很大。
”→He said that it was raining very hard. 他说雨下得很大。
Jim said, “I can speak Chinese.”吉姆说。
如:“我会讲汉语。
”→Jim said that he could speak Chinese. 吉姆说他会讲汉语注意:(1) 若直接引语为客观真理,则变为间接引语时时态不变。
初中英语语法:直接引语变间接引语口诀
初中英语语法:直接引语变间接引语口诀1.当直接引语为 [陈述句],变成间接引语的口诀是:去掉引号加that,人称变化要灵活,时态向后退一步,状语变化按规定。
例如:She said ,“My brother doesn't want to go there.”→She said that her brother didn't want to go there. 2.当直接引语为 [一般疑问句],变为间接引语的口诀是:去掉引号加 if,陈述语序要记住,时态人称和状语,小心变化别马虎.例如:I asked her ,“Do you study EngIish here?”→I asked her if She studied English there.3.当直接引语是 [特殊疑问句],变为间接引语的口诀是:直接去引号,陈述莫忘掉,小心助动词,丢它最重要。
例如:“What do you want?”he asked me.→He asked me what l wanted.4.当直接引语是 [祈使句],变为间接引语的口诀是:去掉引号要加 to,ask/order须记住,直引若是否定式,not加在 to 前部。
例如:The teacher said to her mother ,“Please give me the book.”→The teacher told her mother to give her the book.6.对于 [人称变化],要求大家记住的口诀是:第一人称看主语,第二人称看宾语,宾语若是不存在,活用代词my/I/me.例如:He said to her ,“Are you interested in English?”→He asked her if She was interested in English.The teacher said ,“Where have you been?”The teacher asked me(us) where I(we) had been.Exercise:请把下列各句中的直接引语变为间接引语。
高中英语语法直接引语变间接引语
高中英语语法现象一直接引语变间接引语口诀一、当直接引语为陈述句,变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是:去掉引号加that,人称变化要灵活,时态向后退一步,状语变化按规则。
She said,“My brother doesn't want to go there.”→She said that her brother didn't want to go there.二、当直接引语为一般疑问句,变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是:去掉引号加if,陈述语序要记住,时态人称和状语,小心变化别马虎。
I asked her,“Do you study English here?”→I asked her if she studied English there.三、当直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是:直接去引号,陈述莫忘掉,小心助动词,丢它最重要。
“What do you want?”he asked me. →He asked me what I wanted.四、当直接引语是祈使句,变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是:去掉引号要加to, ask,tell须记住,直引若是否定式,not加在to前部。
The teacher said to her mother,“Please give me the book.” →The teacher told her mother to give her the book.五、对于人称变化,要求学生们记住的“顺口溜”是:第一人称看主语,第二人称看宾语,宾语若是不存在,活用代词I,my,me。
He said to her,“Are you interested in English?”→He asked her if she wa s interested in English.The teacher said,“Where have you been?”→The teacher asked me(us) where I(we) had been.六、时态对应表:直接引语时态间接引语时态一般现在时→ 一般过去时一般将来时→ 过去将来时现在进行时→ 过去进行时一般过去时→ 过去完成时现在完成时→ 过去完成时(过去完成时时态不变)情态动词也要变成相应的过去式:can could; may might; must must/had to。
直接引语变间接引语的转换
直接引语变间接引语的转换直接引语变间接引语的转换:(⼀)如何变⼈称:⼝诀:⼀随主,⼆随宾,第三⼈称不更新。
“⼀随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第⼀⼈称或被第⼀⼈称所修饰。
从句中的⼈称要按照主句中主语的⼈称变化。
如:She said. “My brother wants to go with me. ”→She said her brother wanted to go with her.“⼆随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第⼆⼈称。
或被第⼆⼈称所修饰。
从句中的⼈称要跟引号外的主句的宾语⼀致。
如果引号外的主句没有宾语。
也可以⽤第⼀⼈称。
如:He said to Kate.“How is your sister now?”→ He asked Kate how her sister was then.“第三⼈称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。
如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三⼈称或被第三⼈称所修饰,从句中的⼈称⼀般不需要变化。
如:Mr. Smith said, “Jack is a good worker.”→ Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worke r.(⼆)时态的变化①如果引述动词为现在时态,间接引语的动词可以保持原来的时态。
He says, “I have been writing a novel.”------- He says that he has been writing a novel.He says:"that's all right."----- He says that's all right.②如果引述动词为过去时态,间接引语中的时间就要往后推,即现在时间推⾄过去时间,过去时间推⾄过去的过去,将来时间推⾄过去将来时间。
具体变化见下表:She said:"I am a student."------- She said (that) she was a student.(⼀般现在时变成⼀般过去时)She said:"He will go to see his friend"-----She said he would go to see his friend.(⼀般将来时变成过去将来时) Tom said:"I am going to play basketball tomorrow."The teacher said, “You are doing OK.”⽼师说:“你们⼲得很不错。
英语中直接引语变为间接引语的规则
英语中直接引语变为间接引语的规则在英语语法中,直接引语和间接引语之间的相互转换是个重点也是个难点。
但是在初中英语考试中,通常考查直接引语变为间接引语。
因此,我将这个语法知识点整理如下:一,四种类型
1,直接引语为陈述句,变为间接引语时用that引导,that 也可以省略。
2,直接引语为一般疑问句,变为间接引语时用if或whether引导,间接引语部分要用陈述句语序。
3,直接引语为特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时用原来的疑问词引导,间接引语部分要用陈述语序。
4,直接引语为祈使句,变为间接引语时要变为由动词不定式短语构成的复合结构。
二,三大变化
1,人称的变化:直接引语变间接引语时,人称的变化遵循“一主,二宾,三不变”的原则。
“一主”指第一人称应改为与主句主语一致的人称;“二宾”指第二人称应改为与主句宾语一致的人称;“三不变”指第三人称保持不变。
2,时态的变化:直接引语变间接引语时,如果主句谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时,间接引语的时态通常不变;
若主句谓语动词是一般过去时,间接引语常变成相应的过去时态。
即:一般现在时变为一般过去时;现在进行时变为过去进行时;一般将来时变为过去将来时;一般过去时变为过去完成时;若转述的内容为客观真理,时态则不变。
英语中常见的直接引语和间接引语的变换
英语中常见的直接引语和间接引语的变换引语是表达他人说话或思想的一种方式,而在英语中,引语有两种形式:直接引语和间接引语。
直接引语是将他人的话直接引用,用引号括起来。
而间接引语则是将他人的话转述出来,不再使用引号。
直接引语的变换是将他人的话直接引用,而间接引语的变换则是将他人的话转述为自己的话。
在实际应用中,我们经常需要将直接引语转换为间接引语,或者将间接引语转换为直接引语。
下面将详细介绍这两种引语的变换规则和注意事项。
1. 直接引语变为间接引语当我们需要将直接引语转换为间接引语时,需要注意以下几点:a. 时态的变化:当直接引语中使用的是一般现在时、一般过去时或将来时时,我们需要将其转换为相应的过去时态。
例如,直接引语中的"I am going to the party tonight."可以转换为间接引语的"He said he was going to the party that night."b. 人称的变化:当直接引语中使用的是第一人称时,我们需要将其转换为第三人称。
例如,直接引语中的"I am happy."可以转换为间接引语的"He said he was happy."c. 地点和时间的变化:当直接引语中涉及到具体的地点和时间时,我们需要根据实际情况进行相应的变化。
例如,直接引语中的"I will meet you at the park tomorrow."可以转换为间接引语的"He said he would meet me at the park the next day."2. 间接引语变为直接引语当我们需要将间接引语转换为直接引语时,需要注意以下几点:a. 时态的变化:当间接引语中使用的是过去时态时,我们需要将其转换为相应的现在时态。
例如,间接引语中的"He said he was happy."可以转换为直接引语的"I am happy."b. 人称的变化:当间接引语中使用的是第三人称时,我们需要将其转换为相应的第一人称。
英语语法如何把直接引语转换为间接引语
怎样把直接引语变换为间接引语引述他人的话时,一般采纳两种方式:一是引用他人的原话,把它放在引号内,称为直接引语;二是用自己的话加以转述,被转述的话不放在引号内,称为间接引语。
间接引语在大部分状况下是一个宾语从句。
直接引语变为间接引语时,要注意以下几点:人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈说句语序。
1.直接引语是陈说句,变为间接引语时,由连词that指引,好多时候可省略that 。
比如:....She said, "I am very happy to help you."She said she was very happy to help me.She said,“I will go to Guangzhou tomorrow.”She said that she would go to Guangzhou the next day/the following day.She said,“I have lived in Foshan for several years.”She said that she had lived in Foshan for several years.She said,“ I am reading a book now.”She said that she was reading a book at that time/moment.John said,“I am leaving for Paris on Wednesday”John said that he was leaving for Paris on Wednesday.2.直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,由连词whether 或 if (能否)指引。
先把直.........接引语变为陈说句语序,再放在whether 或 if后边。
比如:He asked me, "Do you like playing football?"He asked me whether/if I liked playing football.He asked Mary,“Will you come to my birthday party?”You will come to my birthday party.He asked Mary whether/if she would come to his birthday party.注意:大部分状况下, if 和 whether 能够交换,但后有 or not, 或在动词不定式前,或放在介词后作连结词时,一般只用 whether 。
英语间接引语转换规则
英语间接引语转换规则
英语中,直接引语是将别人的原话直接用引号括起来写出来,而间接引语则是将别人的原话用自己的话转述出来。
转换直接引语为间接引语有以下几个规则:
1. 固定用法:某些动词、动词短语或形容词后的宾语从句不能直接引用对方的原话,而是要用间接引语。
例如:say, tell, ask, explain, wonder, want to know 等。
例:He said, "I am happy."(直接引语)
→He said that he was happy.(间接引语)
2. 时态转换:若直接引语中所述动作或状态的时间与转述时的情况不一致,需根据情况进行时态转换。
例:He said, "I will go to the park tomorrow."(直接引语)
→He said that he would go to the park the next day.(间接引语)
3. 人称转换:若直接引语中所述事件发生的人与间接引语中的主语不一致,需根据情况进行人称转换。
例:She said, "I love you."(直接引语)
→She said that she loved him.(间接引语)
4. 词语转换:有时需要将一些特定词语转换为间接引语中的合适词语。
例:He said, "I am late."(直接引语)
→He said that he was behind schedule.(间接引语)
注意:在转换为间接引语时,句子中的时态、人称、指示代词和时间状语等都要相应调整。
直接引语变间接引语及其注意事项
直接引语变间接引语及其注意事项直接引语变间接引语(⼀)⼈称的转变1.直接引语中的第⼀⼈称,⼀般转换为第三⼈称,如:He said,“I am very sorry. ”He said that he was very sorry.2.直接引语中的第⼆⼈称,如果原话是针对转述⼈说的,转换为第⼀⼈称,如:“You should be more careful next time, ”my father told me.My father told me that I should be morecareful the next time.3.直接引语中的第⼆⼈称,如果原话是针对第三⼈称说的,转换成第三⼈称。
如:She said to her son, “I'll check your homework tonight. ”She said to her son that she would checkhis homework that night.4.⼈称的转换包括⼈称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等,如:He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this after noon?”He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon.总之,⼈称的转换不是固定的,具体情况,具体对待,要符合逻辑。
(⼆)时态的转换直接引语改为间接引语时,主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时,从句(即间接引语部分)的谓语动词在时态⽅⾯要作相应的变化,变成过去时范畴的各种时态(实际也是宾语从句的时态要求),变化如下:⼀般现在时⼀般过去时现在进⾏时过去进⾏时现在完成时过去完成时⼀般将来时过去将来时⼀般过去时过去完成时过去完成时不变过去进⾏时不变如:1.“I am very glad to visit your school”, shesaid.She said she was very glad to visit ourschool.2.Tom said, “We are listening to the pop music. ”Tom said that they were listening to the pop music.3.Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?”Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.4.He asked the conductor, “Where shall I get off to change to a No. 3 bus?”He asked the conductor where he would get off to change to a No. 3 bus.5.“Why did she refuse to go there?”the teacher asked.The teacher asked why she had refused to go there.6.Mother asked me, “Had you finished your homework before you watched TV?”Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.7.Tom said, “We were having a football match this time yesterday. ”Tom said that they were having a football match that time the day before.8.He said,“I haven't heard from my parents these days. ” He said that he hadn't heard from his parents those days.(三)时间状语、地点状语的变化1.直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等,主句尽管是过去时态,变成间接引语时,时态仍然⽤⼀般现在时态。
直接引语变间接引语语法讲解
直接引语变间接引语语法讲解一、人称人称变化可以遵循如下顺口溜“一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新”。
“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。
从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化,如:She said. “My brother wants to go with me.”→She said her brother wanted to go with her.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称,或被第二人“你”所修饰,从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。
如果引号外的主句没有宾语,也可以用第一人称,如:He said to Kate,"How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her siste r was then.“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化,如:Mr. Smith said,“Jack is a good worker.”→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker.二、时态直接引语在改为间接引语时,时态需要做相应的调整。
其基本法则和宾语从句的时态变化一致,也就是说从句时态要和主句时态一致。
如果从句是过去时,主句要向后退一格时态,变成一种过去时。
1. She said. “I have lost a pen.”→She said she had lost a pen.(现在完成变过去完成)2. She said. “We hope so.”→She said they hoped so.(一般现在à一般过去)3. She said,“He will go to see his friend。
”→She said he would go to see his friend. (一般将来→过去将来)但要注意在以下几种情况下。
直接引语转换为间接引语的技巧
直接引语转换为间接引语的技巧引述某人的话一般采用两种形式:一种是直接引语,即原封不动地引用原话,把它放在引号内;另一种是间接引语,即用自己的话加以转述,被转述的内容不放在引号内。
下面我们一起来学习几种直接引语转换为间接引语的技巧。
一、人称的转换1. 直接引语中的第一人称,一般转换为第三人称如:He said,“I am very sorry.”→He said that he was very sorry.2. 直接引语中的第二人称,如果原话是针对转述人说的,应转换为第一人称如:“You should be more careful next time.”my father told me.→ My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.3. 直接引语中的第二人称,如果原话是针对第三人称说的,要转换成第三人称如:She said to her son,“I’ll check your homework tonight.”→ She said to her son that she would check his homework that night.4. 人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等如:He asked me,“Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon?”→He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon.5. 口诀巧记人称变化口诀:“一主、二宾、三不变”。
(1)“一主”指当直接引语中的第一人称变为间接引语时,要和主句中的主语在人称上保持一致。
如:He said,“I am forty.”→ He said that he was forty.(2)“二宾”指当直接引语中的第二人称变为间接引语时,要和主句中的间接宾语保持人称上的一致。
直接引语与间接引语的转换
直接引语与间接引语的转换直接引语(direct speech)是指直接重述他人的原话或原句,在引语的两侧使用引号标示。
而间接引语(indirect speech)则是以自己的话转述他人的原话或原句。
直接引语与间接引语的转换在日常生活和写作中经常会遇到。
本文将探讨直接引语与间接引语的转换规则以及相应的例子。
转换规则:1. 直接引语转换为间接引语时,需将引号去掉。
例如:直接引语:他说,“我明天会去旅行。
”间接引语:他说他明天会去旅行。
2. 当直接引语中的动词为一般现在时,转换为间接引语时需根据情况使用相应的时态。
例如:直接引语:他说,“我喜欢吃苹果。
”间接引语:他说他喜欢吃苹果。
3. 当直接引语中的动词为一般过去时,转换为间接引语时需将时间状语一同转换。
例如:直接引语:他说,“我昨天买了一本新书。
”间接引语:他说他昨天买了一本新书。
4. 当直接引语中存在第三人称时,转换为间接引语时需根据情况进行相应的代词转换。
例如:直接引语:他说,“我是工程师。
”间接引语:他说他是工程师。
5. 当直接引语中使用了口头表示法(如问句、感叹句等),转换为间接引语时需改为陈述句。
例如:直接引语:他问我,“你明天准备去哪里?”间接引语:他问我他明天准备去哪里。
下面是一些例句来帮助理解直接引语与间接引语的转换过程:1. 直接引语:他说,“我很喜欢这本书。
”间接引语:他说他很喜欢那本书。
2. 直接引语:她对我说,“我已经吃过晚饭了。
”间接引语:她对我说她已经吃过晚饭了。
3. 直接引语:他问我,“你今天要去看电影吗?”间接引语:他问我我今天要不要去看电影。
4. 直接引语:他说,“我会努力学习英语。
”间接引语:他说他会努力学习英语。
5. 直接引语:她告诉我们,“我曾经去过巴黎。
”间接引语:她告诉我们她曾经去过巴黎。
总结起来,直接引语与间接引语的转换需要注意时态、代词和修饰词等方面的变化。
通过熟悉和掌握这些转换规则,我们可以在日常交流和写作中更好地运用直接引语与间接引语,准确传达他人的言论和思想。
英语直接引语变间接引语的规则
英语直接引语变间接引语的规则将直接引语变为间接引语的规则如下:
1. 把句子变为陈述语序,使用适当的连词。
例如:
直接引语:Tom said, "I am going to the beach."
间接引语:Tom said that he was going to the beach.
2. 将人称和时间等根据需要进行调整。
例如:
直接引语:She said, "I'll come back tomorrow."
间接引语:She said that she would come back the following day.
3. 变化时态。
如果引用的句子的时间是过去,需要将动词的时态改成过去式。
例如:
直接引语:He said, "I am going to school."
间接引语:He said that he was going to school.
4. 如果直接引语是一般现在时或一般将来时,需要使用特殊的间接引语,也就是将连词改为if或whether。
例如:
直接引语:She says, "I will go to the party."
间接引语:She says if/whether she will go to the party.。
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如何把直接引语转换为间接引语引述别人的话时,一般采用两种方式:一是引用别人的原话,把它放在引号内,称为直接引语;二是用自己的话加以转述,被转述的话不放在引号内,称为间接引语。
间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。
直接引语变成间接引语时,要注意以下几点:人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
1. 直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,由连词that....引导,很多时候可省略that。
例如:She said, "I am very happy to help you."→She said she was very happy to help me.She said, “I will go to Guangzhou tomorrow.”→She said that she would go to Guangzhou the next day/the following day.She said, “I have lived in Foshan for several years.”→She said that she had lived in Foshan for several years.She said, “ I am reading a book now.”→She said that she was reading a book at that time/moment.John said, “I am leaving for Paris on Wednesday”→John said that he was leaving for Paris on Wednesday.2. 直接引语是一般疑问句,变成间接引语时,由连词whether.......或if..(是否)引导。
先把直接引语变为陈述句语序,再放在whether或if后面。
例如:He asked me, "Do you like playing football?"→→He asked me whether/if I liked playing football.He asked Mary, “Will you come to my birthday party?”→You will come to my birthday party.→He asked Mary whether/if she would come to his birthday party.注意:大多数情况下,if和whether 可以互换,但后有or not,或在动词不定式前,或放在介词后作连接词时,一般只用whether。
例如:She asked me whether he could do it or not.He hesitated about whether to drive or take the train.3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语时,由相应的疑问词who, whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导,先把直接引语(去掉特殊疑问词后)变为陈述句语序,再放回特殊疑问词后进行相应的变化。
例如:My sister asked me, "How do you like the film?”→You like the film→My sister asked me how I liked the film.John asked Mary, “Where shall we go?”→John asked Mary where they should go.John asked Mary, “When shall we leave for Paris?”→John asked Mary when they should leave for Paris.1. Franco asked me, “Is the food ready?”→Franco asked me whether/if the food was ready.2. Phillip asked Lily, “Are the young couple drinking red or white wine?”→the young couple are drinking red or white wine.→Phillip asked Lily whether/if the young couple were drinking red or white wine.3. He asked, “Who is working in the restaurant?”→He asked who was working in the restaurant.4. Linda asked, “When will the restaurant be ready?”The restaurant will be ready.Linda asked when the restaurant would be ready.5. She asked me, “Will you do me a favor?”You will do me a favor.She asked me whether/if I would do her a favor.6. John said, “I think I will have to take his advice.”John said that he thought he would have to take his advice.7. She asked Jack, “What problems have you had this evening?”→you have had problems this evening.She asked Jack what problems he had had that evening.8. Susan asked, “Can I talk to the guests?”I can talk to the guests.Susan asked whether/if she could talk to the guests.4. 直接引语是祈使句,变成间接引语时,把动词原形变成动词不定式,并在动词不定前加tell, ask, order 等的宾语。
例如:A. ask/tell sb to do sth.B. ask/tell sb not to do sth.The captain ordered, "Be quiet."→The captain ordered us/them/the soldiers to be quiet.He said to Sue, “Marry me.”→He asked Sue to marry him.Peter told John, “Get out!”→Peter told John to get out.注意:此种情况的否定句,在动词不定式前加not。
My teacher asked me, "Don't laugh.”→My teacher asked me not to laugh.He said to her, “Don’t dance in the toilet bowl.”→He asked her not to dance in the toilet bowl.5. 一些注意事项(1)直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等,变成间接引语时,时态不变。
例如:They told their son, "The earth goes round the sun."→They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.我爷爷告诉我,共产党(Communist Party)的宗旨(gist)是为人民服务。
My grandfather told me that the gist of the Communist Party is to serve the people.(2)直接引语变间接引语时,指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。
如:this/these→ that/those, now→then, today→that day, yesterday→the day before, last year→the year before, ago→before, here→there等。
例如:My wife said to me, “I will bring my new lover home this evening.”→My wife said to me that she would bring her new lover home that evening.He said, "I haven't seen her today."→He said that he hadn’t seen her that day.He shouted to me, “Fuck/Piss off!”→He asked me loudly/angrily to fuck/piss off.He said to Ivy, “Please don’t leave me.”He asked/told Ivy not to leave him.He begged Ivy not to leave him.Linda asked Kathy, “Will you be there tomorrow?”→You will be there tomorrow.→Linda asked Kathy whether/if she would be there the next/following day.Kevin asked Cecilia, “Do you know how much I miss you?”→you know how much I miss you.→Kevin asked Cecilia whether/if she knew how much he missed her.Kevin asked Cecilia, “When will I see you again?”→I will see you again.→Kevin asked Cecilia when he would see her again.注意:如果转述时就在原来的地方,就在说话的当天,就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。