球化率 Spheroidization rate(中英文对照)
铸造实用词汇(中英文)
1. charging mixture (配料)2. gas vent (通气孔)air vent (通气孔)3. alcohol base wash (酒精基涂模剂)4. alloy (合金)alloy cast iron (合金铸铁)5. anchor pin (定位销)6. annealing (退火)annealing furnace (退火炉)7. arc welding (电弧熔接)8. as cast (铸胚/毛胚铸件)9. atmospheric core / pencil core(砂心/ 增压/透气砂心)10. bath analysis (炉前分析)11. hand molding (手工造模)12. bending strength (抗弯强度)13. bending test (弯曲试验)14. binder (黏结剂)15. furan resin 夫喃树脂16. blow hole / gas hole (气孔) 17. Brinell hardness (布氏硬度)18. brittleness (脆性)19. broken casting at gate / riser or vent(铸件破损) 去除浇口, 冒口, 溢流口时 , 一起将铸件主体部分也去除的破坏缺陷20. case hardening (表面硬化)21. pouring / pour / cast (浇铸/浇注)22. castability (铸造性)23. casting design / casting plan ( 铸造方案)24. cast iron / iron castings (铸铁)25. cavity (缩孔)26. ceramic core (陶瓷砂心)27. ceramic filter (陶瓷过滤片)28. ceramic tube (陶管)29. chaplet (砂心撑)30. chill (冷硬/冷激)31. chiller / densener (冷铁)32. chunky graphite (块状/短小石墨)33. clay (黏土)34. riser(冒口)35. coat/mold wash/facing material (涂料/涂模剂)36. washing / coating (涂模/上涂料)37. cold junction (冷接点)38. composites / composite material ( 复合材料)sand mill / sand mixer ( 混砂机)sand mixing (练砂)sand mold (砂模)39. contraction / shrinkage (收缩/缩孔/疏松)40. conveyor (输送机)41. core assemble (组合砂心)44. core box (砂心盒)45. core grid / rodding ( 砂心骨)46. core making machine ( 砂心机)47. lifting / raised mold / core raise ( 砂心上浮)48. core washing (砂心涂料)49. corrosion (腐蚀)50. crack (裂痕)=龟裂51. crystal (晶体)52. curing (硬化)53. cut (冲砂)=冲蚀54. metallic pattern (金属模)55. galvanizing (镀锌)56 . dirt / scum / dross / slag ( 熔渣 / 浮渣 / 炉渣)57. sprue / down sprue / down gate (下浇道 /竖浇道)58. draft (拔模斜度)59. drag (下模/下砂箱/下模箱)60. dressing / cleaning (上涂料/涂料/清理)61. electric furnace (电炉)62. electron microscope (电子显微镜)63. elongation (伸长/伸长率)64. etching solution/etching agent/etchingreagent (浸蚀液)65. open shrinkage / external shrinkage (外缩孔)66. ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron(肥粒体球状石墨铸铁)67. ferrite (肥粒铁) 68. machining allowance / finishing allowance(加工余量)69. flake graphite cast iron ( 片状石墨铸铁)70. flow chart (流程图)71. CE meter (热分析)72. full size /full dimension (全尺寸)73. graphitic carbon / graphite carbon ( 石墨碳)74. gray cast iron (灰口铸铁/普通铸铁/片状石墨铸铁)75. green sand mold (湿砂模)76. hardener / hardening agent ( 硬化剂)77. hardness test (硬度试验)78. high frequency electric induction furnace ( 高周波感应电炉)79. holding furnace (保温炉)80. impact test (冲击试验)81. Charpy impact test (夏比冲击试验)82. impact value (冲击值)83. indirect chiller (间接冷铁)84. inlet / pouring basin / pouring cup ( 浇杯)85. Inoculant (接种剂)86. Inoculation (接种)87. ladle (浇包/浇桶/铁水包)88. molding flask (砂箱)89. joint surface (合模面)90. keel block (Y 型试块)91. knock-out / shake-out (清箱/开箱)92. low frequency induction furnace ( 低周波感应电炉)93. liquid penetrant testing (渗透探伤试验/PTtest)94. low temperature annealing ( 低温退火)95. magnetic powder test (MT/ 磁粉探伤)96. melting furnace (熔解炉)97. metal flask (金属砂箱)98. metallographic microscope ( 金相显微镜)99. metallography (金相学)100. parting line (分模线).101. parting plane (分割面)102. pattern (模型/模具)103. pattern coating (模型涂漆)104. pearlite (波来铁)105. burn on / sand burning ( 烧结/结砂) 106. pig iron (生铁)107. scrap steel (废钢)108. pin hole (针孔)109. pore (气孔)110. porosity (多孔性/气孔率)111. pouring rate (浇铸速度)112. pouring temperature (浇注温度)113. pouring time ( 浇注时间)114. pouring weight ( 浇注重量)115. quality control ( 质量管理)116. X-ray inspection / radiography (X 线探伤) 117. rapping (起模)118. ratio of graphite spheroidization ( 球化率) 119. rejected castings (不良品)120. residual stress (残留应力/铸造应力) 121. roll over machine ( 翻转机)122. sag core (砂心下垂) 123. sand blast (喷砂)124. sand inclusion ( 夹砂)125. short pours / short run ( 浇注不足)126. shot blast (抛丸)127. shrinkage cavity ( 缩孔)128. shrinkage crack (缩裂)129.slag off agent / slag disposal agent ( 除渣剂)130.slag inclusion (夹渣)131.solidification time (凝固时间)132.spherodial graphite (球状石墨)133.spheroidizing agent (球化剂)134. strength test (强度试验)135. stress concentration ( 应力集中)136. stress relief (应力消除)137. rough surface (表面粗糙)138. surface fold / gas run ( 皱皮/流缝/冷隔)139. surface roughness ( 表面粗糙度)140. surface treatment ( 表面处理)141. tensile strength ( 抗拉强度)142. tensile test (拉伸试验)143. test piece/test lug ( 试片)144. used sand (旧砂)145. working reference point ( 加工基准)146. Ultrasonic testing (UT/超声波检测)147. Gating system (浇注系统)148. test coupon (试棒)149. Non-destructive testing (NDT/非破坏性测试)150. Visual inspection (VT/ 目测)151. rough machining (粗加工)152. finishing machining (精加工)153. Non conformity report (NCR 不符合报告)154. Corrective action report ( 改善措施报告)155. solidification simulation ( 凝固模拟)。
无损检测常用词汇中英文对照表
English 中文释义A.C magnetic saturation 交流磁饱和Absorbed dose 吸收剂量Absorbed dose rate 吸收剂量率Acceptanc limits 验收范围Acceptance level 验收水平Acceptance standard 验收标准Accumulation test 累积检测Acoustic emission count（emission count）声发射计数（发射计数） Acoustic emission transducer 声发射换能器（声发射传感器）Acoustic emission(AE) 声发射Acoustic holography 声全息术Acoustic impedance 声阻抗Acoustic impedance matching 声阻抗匹配Acoustic impedance method 声阻法Acoustic wave 声波Acoustical lens 声透镜Acoustic—ultrasonic 声-超声（AU）Activation 活化Activity 活度Adequate shielding 安全屏蔽Ampere turns 安匝数Amplitude 幅度Angle beam method 斜射法Angle of incidence 入射角Angle of reflection 反射角Angle of spread 指向角Angle of squint 偏向角Angle probe 斜探头Angstrom unit 埃(A)Area amplitude response curve 面积幅度曲线Area of interest 评定区Arliflcial disconlinuity 人工不连续性Artifact 假缺陷Artificial defect 人工缺陷Artificial discontinuity 标准人工缺陷A-scan A 型扫描A-scope; A-scan A 型显示Attenuation coefficient 衰减系数Attenuator 衰减器Audible leak indicator 音响泄漏指示器Automatic testing 自动检测Autoradiography 自射线照片Avaluation 评定Barium concrete 钡混凝土Barn 靶Base fog 片基灰雾Bath 槽液Bayard- Alpert ionization gage B- A 型电离计Beam 声束Beam ratio 光束比Beam angle 束张角Beam axis 声束轴线Beam index 声束入射点Beam path location 声程定位Beam path; path length 声程Beam spread 声束扩散Betatron 电子感应加速器Bimetallic strip gage 双金属片计Bipolar field 双极磁场Black light filter 黑光滤波器Black light; ultraviolet radiation 黑光Blackbody 黑体Blackbody equivalent temperature 黑体等效温度 Bleakney mass spectrometer 波利克尼质谱仪Bleedout 渗出Bottom echo 底面回波Bottom surface 底面Boundary echo(first) 边界一次回波Bremsstrahlung 轫致辐射Broad-beam condition 宽射束Brush application 刷涂B-scan presenfation B 型扫描显示B-scope; B-scan B 型显示C- scan C 型扫描Calibration,instrument 设备校准Capillary action 毛细管作用Carrier fluid 载液Carry over of penetrate 渗透剂移转Cassette 暗合Cathode 阴极Central conductor method 中心导体法Characteristic curve 特性曲线Characteristic curve of film 胶片特性曲线Characteristic radiation 特征辐射Chemical fog 化学灰雾Cine-radiography 射线(活动)电影摄影术Cintact pads 接触垫Circumferential coils 圆环线圈Circumferential field 周向磁场Circumferential magnetization method 周向磁化法Clean 清理Clean- up 清除Clearing time 定透时间Coercive force 矫顽力Coherence 相干性Coherence length 相干长度（谐波列长度）Coi1，test 测试线圈Coil size 线圈大小Coil spacing 线圈间距Coil technique 线圈技术Coil method 线圈法Coilreference 线圈参考Coincidence discrimination 符合鉴别Cold-cathode ionization gage 冷阴极电离计Collimator 准直器Collimation 准直Collimator 准直器Combined colour comtrast and fluorescent penetrant 着色荧光渗透剂 Compressed air drying 压缩空气干燥Compressional wave 压缩波Compton scatter 康普顿散射Continuous emission 连续发射Continuous linear array 连续线阵Continuous method 连续法Continuous spectrum 连续谱Continuous wave 连续波Contract stretch 对比度宽限Contrast 对比度Contrast agent 对比剂Contrast aid 反差剂Contrast sensitivity 对比灵敏度Control echo 监视回波Control echo 参考回波Couplant 耦合剂Coupling 耦合Coupling losses 耦合损失Cracking 裂解Creeping wave 爬波Critical angle 临界角Cross section 横截面Cross talk 串音Cross-drilled hole 横孔Crystal 晶片C-scope; C-scan C 型显示Curie point 居里点Curie temperature 居里温度Curie(Ci) 居里Current flow method 通电法Current induction method 电流感应法Current magnetization method 电流磁化法Cut－off level 截止电平Dead zone 盲区Decay curve 衰变曲线Decibel(dB) 分贝Defect 缺陷Defect resolution 缺陷分辨力Defect detection sensitivity 缺陷检出灵敏度Defect resolution 缺陷分辨力Definition 清晰度Definition， image definition 清晰度，图像清晰度Demagnetization 退磁Demagnetization factor 退磁因子Demagnetizer 退磁装置Densitometer 黑度计Density 黑度（底片）Density comparison strip 黑度比较片Detecting medium 检验介质Detergent remover 洗净液Developer 显像剂Developer， agueons 水性显象剂Developer， dry 干显象剂Developer， liquid film 液膜显象剂Developer， nonaqueous （sus- pendible）非水（可悬浮）显象剂 Developing time 显像时间Development 显影Diffraction mottle 衍射斑Diffuse indications 松散指示Diffusion 扩散Digital image acquisition system 数字图像识别系统Dilatational wave 膨胀波Dip and drain station 浸渍和流滴工位Direct contact magnetization 直接接触磁化Direct exposure imaging 直接曝光成像Direct contact method 直接接触法Directivity 指向性Discontinuity 不连续性Distance- gain- size-German A VG 距离- 增益- 尺寸（DGS 德文为A VG） Distance marker; time marker 距离刻度Dose equivalent 剂量当量Dose rate meter 剂量率计Dosemeter 剂量计Double crystal probe 双晶片探头Double probe technique 双探头法Double transceiver technique 双发双收法Double traverse technique 二次波法Dragout 带出Drain time 滴落时间Drain time 流滴时间Drift 漂移Dry method 干法Dry powder 干粉Dry technique 干粉技术Dry developer 干显像剂Dry developing cabinet 干显像柜Dry method 干粉法Drying oven 干燥箱Drying station 干燥工位Drying time 干燥时间D-scope; D-scan D 型显示Dual search unit 双探头Dual-focus tube 双焦点管Duplex-wire image quality indicator 双线像质指示器Duration 持续时间Dwell time 停留时间Dye penetrant 着色渗透剂Dynamic leak test 动态泄漏检测Dynamic leakage measurement 动态泄漏测量Dynamic range 动态范围Dynamic radiography 动态射线透照术Echo 回波Echo frequency 回波频率Echo height 回波高度Echo indication 回波指示Echo transmittance of sound pressure 往复透过率Echo width 回波宽度Eddy current 涡流Eddy current flaw detector 涡流探伤仪Eddy current testiog 涡流检测Edge 端面Edge effect 边缘效应Edge echo 棱边回波Edge effect 边缘效应Effective depth penetration （EDP）有效穿透深度Effective focus size 有效焦点尺寸Effective magnetic permeability 有效磁导率Effective permeability 有效磁导率Effective reflection surface of flaw 缺陷有效反射面Effective resistance 有效电阻Elastic medium 弹性介质Electric displacement 电位移Electrical center 电中心Electrode 电极Electromagnet 电磁铁Electro-magnetic acoustic transducer 电磁声换能器Electromagnetic induction 电磁感应Electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射Electromagnetic testing 电磁检测Electro-mechanical coupling factor 机电耦合系数Electron radiography 电子辐射照相术Electron volt 电子伏恃Electronic noise 电子噪声Electrostatic spraying 静电喷涂Emulsification 乳化Emulsification time 乳化时间Emulsifier 乳化剂Encircling coils 环绕式线圈End effect 端部效应Energizing cycle 激励周期Equalizing filter 均衡滤波器Equivalent 当量Equivalent I．Q. I. Sensitivity 象质指示器当量灵敏度 Equivalent nitrogen pressure 等效氮压Equivalent penetrameter sensifivty 透度计当量灵敏度 Equivalent method 当量法Erasabl optical medium 可探光学介质Etching 浸蚀Evaluation 评定Evaluation threshold 评价阈值Event count 事件计数Event count rate 事件计数率Examination area 检测范围Examination region 检验区域Exhaust pressure/discharge pressure 排气压力Exhaust tubulation 排气管道Expanded time-base sweep 时基线展宽Exposure 曝光Exposure table 曝光表格Exposure chart 曝光曲线Exposure fog 曝光灰雾Exposure，radiographic exposure 曝光，射线照相曝光 Extended source 扩展源Facility scattered neutrons 条件散射中子False indication 假指示Family 族Far field 远场Feed-through coil 穿过式线圈Field， resultant magnetic 复合磁场Fill factor 填充系数Film speed 胶片速度Film badge 胶片襟章剂量计Film base 片基Film contrast 胶片对比度Film gamma 胶片γ值Film processing 胶片冲洗加工Film speed 胶片感光度Film unsharpness 胶片不清晰度Film viewing screen 观察屏Filter 滤波器/滤光板Final test 复探Flat-bottomed hole 平底孔Flat-bottomed hole equivalent 平底孔当量Flaw 伤Flaw characterization 伤特性Flaw echo 缺陷回波Flexural wave 弯曲波Floating threshold 浮动阀值Fluorescence 荧光Fluorescent examination method 荧光检验法Fluorescent magnetic particle inspection 荧光磁粉检验 Fluorescent dry deposit penetrant 干沉积荧光渗透剂Fluorescent light 荧光Fluorescent magnetic powder 荧光磁粉Fluorescent penetrant 荧光渗透剂Fluorescent screen 荧光屏Fluoroscopy 荧光检查法Flux leakage field 磁通泄漏场Flux lines 磁通线Focal spot 焦点Focal distance 焦距Focus length 焦点长度Focus size 焦点尺寸Focus width 焦点宽度Focus(electron) 电子焦点Focused beam 聚焦声束Focusing probe 聚焦探头Focus-to-film distance(f.f.d) 焦点-胶片距离（焦距） Fog 底片灰雾Fog density 灰雾密度Footcandle 英尺烛光Freguency 频率Frequency constant 频率常数Fringe 干涉带Front distance 前沿距离Front distance of flaw 缺陷前沿距离Full- wave direct current（FWDC）全波直流Fundamental frequency 基频Furring 毛状迹痕Gage pressure 表压Gain 增益Gamma radiography γ射线透照术Gamma ray source γ射线源Gamma ray source container γ射线源容器Gamma rays γ射线Gamma-ray radiographic equipment γ射线透照装置 Gap scanning 间隙扫查Gas 气体Gate 闸门Gating technique 选通技术Gauss 高斯Geiger-Muller counter 盖革.弥勒计数器Geometric unsharpness 几何不清晰度Gray(Gy) 戈瑞Grazing incidence 掠入射Grazing angle 掠射角Group velocity 群速度Half life 半衰期Half- wave current （HW）半波电流Half-value layer(HVL) 半值层Half-value method 半波高度法Halogen 卤素Halogen leak detector 卤素检漏仪Hard X-rays 硬X 射线Hard-faced probe 硬膜探头Harmonic analysis 谐波分析Harmonic distortion 谐波畸变Harmonics 谐频Head wave 头波Helium bombing 氦轰击法Helium drift 氦漂移Helium leak detector 氦检漏仪Hermetically tight seal 气密密封High vacuum 高真空High energy X-rays 高能X 射线Holography (optical) 光全息照相Holography， acoustic 声全息Hydrophilic emulsifier 亲水性乳化剂Hydrophilic remover 亲水性洗净剂Hydrostatic text 流体静力检测Hysteresis 磁滞Hysteresis 磁滞IACS IACSID coil ID 线圈Image definition 图像清晰度Image contrast 图像对比度Image enhancement 图像增强Image magnification 图像放大Image quality 图像质量Image quality indicator sensitivity 像质指示器灵敏度Image quality indicator(IQI)/image quality indication 像质指示器 Imaging line scanner 图像线扫描器Immersion probe 液浸探头Immersion rinse 浸没清洗Immersion testing 液浸法Immersion time 浸没时间Impedance 阻抗Impedance plane diagram 阻抗平面图Imperfection 不完整性Impulse eddy current testing 脉冲涡流检测Incremental permeability 增量磁导率Indicated defect area 缺陷指示面积Indicated defect length 缺陷指示长度Indication 指示Indirect exposure 间接曝光Indirect magnetization 间接磁化Indirect magnetization method 间接磁化法Indirect scan 间接扫查Induced field 感应磁场Induced current method 感应电流法Infrared imaging system 红外成象系统Infrared sensing device 红外扫描器Inherent fluorescence 固有荧光Inherent filtration 固有滤波Initial permeability 起始磁导率Initial pulse 始脉冲Initial pulse width 始波宽度Inserted coil 插入式线圈Inside coil 内部线圈Inside- out testing 外泄检测Inspection 检查Inspection medium 检查介质Inspection frequency/ test frequency 检测频率Intensifying factor 增感系数Intensifying screen 增感屏Interal,arrival time （Δtij)/arrival time interval（Δtij）到达时间差(Δtij) Interface boundary 界面Interface echo 界面回波Interface trigger 界面触发Interference 干涉Interpretation 解释Ion pump 离子泵Ion source 离子源Ionization chamber 电离室Ionization potential 电离电位Ionization vacuum gage 电离真空计Ionography 电离射线透照术Irradiance， E 辐射通量密度， EIsolation 隔离检测Isotope 同位素Kaiser effect 凯塞(Kaiser)效应Kilo volt kv 千伏特Kiloelectron volt keV 千电子伏特Krypton 85 氪85L／D ratio L/D 比Lamb wave 兰姆波Latent image 潜象Lateral scan 左右扫查Lateral scan with oblique angle 斜平行扫查Latitude (of an emulsion) 胶片宽容度Lead screen 铅屏Leak 泄漏孔Leak artifact 泄漏器Leak detector 检漏仪Leak testtion 泄漏检测Leakage field 泄漏磁场Leakage rate 泄漏率Leechs 磁吸盘Lift-off effect 提离效应Light intensity 光强度Limiting resolution 极限分辨率Line scanner 线扫描器Line focus 线焦点Line pair pattern 线对检测图Line pairs per millimetre 每毫米线对数Linear (electron) accelerator(LINAC) 电子直线加速器 Linear attenuation coefficient 线衰减系数Linear scan 线扫查Linearity （time or distance）线性（时间或距离） Linearity， anplitude 幅度线性Lines of force 磁力线Lipophilic emulsifier 亲油性乳化剂Lipophilic remover 亲油性洗净剂Liquid penetrant examination 液体渗透检验Liquid film developer 液膜显像剂Local magnetization 局部磁化Local magnetization method 局部磁化法Local scan 局部扫查Localizing cone 定域喇叭筒Location 定位Location accuracy 定位精度Location computed 定位，计算Location marker 定位标记Location upon delta-T 时差定位Location， clusfer 定位，群集Location，continuous AE signal 定位，连续AE 信号 Longitudinal field 纵向磁场Longitudinal magnetization method 纵向磁化法Longitudinal resolution 纵向分辨率Longitudinal wave 纵波Longitudinal wave probe 纵波探头Longitudinal wave technique 纵波法Loss of back reflection 背面反射损失Loss of back reflection 底面反射损失Love wave 乐甫波Low energy gamma radiation 低能γ辐射Low－enerugy photon radiation 低能光子辐射Luminance 亮度Luminosity 流明Lusec 流西克Maga or million electron volts MeV 兆电子伏特Magnetic history 磁化史Magnetic hysteresis 磁性滞后Magnetic particle field indication 磁粉磁场指示器Magnetic particle inspection flaw indications 磁粉检验的伤显示 Magnetic circuit 磁路Magnetic domain 磁畴Magnetic field distribution 磁场分布Magnetic field indicator 磁场指示器Magnetic field meter 磁场计Magnetic field strength 磁场强度(H)Magnetic field/field，magnetic 磁场Magnetic flux 磁通Magnetic flux density 磁通密度Magnetic force 磁化力Magnetic leakage field 漏磁场Magnetic leakage flux 漏磁通Magnetic moment 磁矩Magnetic particle 磁粉Magnetic particle indication 磁痕Magnetic particle testing/magnetic particle examination 磁粉检测 Magnetic permeability 磁导率Magnetic permeability 磁导率Magnetic pole 磁极Magnetic saturataion 磁饱和Magnetic saturation 磁饱和Magnetic writing 磁写Magnetizing 磁化Magnetizing current 磁化电流Magnetizing coil 磁化线圈Magnetostrictive effect 磁致伸缩效应Magnetostrictive transducer 磁致伸缩换能器Main beam 主声束Manual testing 手动检测Markers 时标MA-scope; MA-scan MA 型显示Masking 遮蔽Mass attcnuation coefficient 质量吸收系数Mass number 质量数Mass spectrometer （M.S.）质谱仪Mass spectrometer leak detector 质谱检漏仪Mass spectrum 质谱Master/slave discrimination 主从鉴别MDTD 最小可测温度差Mean free path 平均自由程Medium vacuum 中真空Mega or million volt MV 兆伏特Micro focus X - ray tube 微焦点X 光管Microfocus radiography 微焦点射线透照术Micrometre 微米Micron of mercury 微米汞柱Microtron 电子回旋加速器Milliampere 毫安（mA）Millimetre of mercury 毫米汞柱Minifocus x- ray tube 小焦点调射线管Minimum detectable leakage rate 最小可探泄漏率Minimum resolvable temperature difference （MRTD）最小可分辨温度差（MRDT）Mode 波型Mode conversion 波型转换Mode transformation 波型转换Moderator 慢化器Modulation transfer function （MTF）调制转换功能（MTF）Modulation analysis 调制分析Molecular flow 分子流Molecular leak 分子泄漏Monitor 监控器Monochromatic 单色波Movement unsharpness 移动不清晰度Moving beam radiography 可动射束射线透照术Multiaspect magnetization method 多向磁化法Multidirectional magnetization 多向磁化Multifrequency eddy current testiog 多频涡流检测Multiple back reflections 多次背面反射Multiple reflections 多次反射Multiple back reflections 多次底面反射Multiple echo method 多次反射法Multiple probe technique 多探头法Multiple triangular array 多三角形阵列Narrow beam condition 窄射束NC NCNear field 近场Near field length 近场长度Near surface defect 近表面缺陷Net density 净黑度Net density 净(光学)密度Neutron 中子Neutron radiograhy 中子射线透照Neutron radiography 中子射线透照术Newton （N）牛顿Nier mass spectrometer 尼尔质谱仪Noise 噪声Noise 噪声Noise equivalent temperature difference （NETD）噪声当量温度差（NETD） Nominal angle 标称角度Nominal frequency 标称频率Non-aqueous liquid developer 非水性液体显像剂Noncondensable gas 非冷凝气体Nondcstructivc Examination（NDE）无损试验Nondestructive Evaluation（NDE）无损评价Nondestructive Inspection（NDI）无损检验Nondestructive Testing（NDT）无损检测Nonerasble optical data 可固定光学数据Nonferromugnetic material 非铁磁性材料Nonrelevant indication 非相关指示Non-screen-type film 非增感型胶片Normal incidence 垂直入射（亦见直射声束）Normal permeability 标准磁导率Normal beam method; straight beam method 垂直法Normal probe 直探头Normalized reactance 归一化电抗Normalized resistance 归一化电阻Nuclear activity 核活性Nuclide 核素Object plane resolution 物体平面分辨率Object scattered neutrons 物体散射中子Object beam 物体光束Object beam angle 物体光束角Object-film distance 被检体-胶片距离Object 一film distance 物体- 胶片距离Over development 显影过度Over emulsfication 过乳化Overall magnetization 整体磁化Overload recovery time 过载恢复时间Overwashing 过洗Oxidation fog 氧化灰雾P PPair production 偶生成Pair production 电子对产生Pair production 电子偶的产生Palladium barrier leak detector 钯屏检漏仪Panoramic exposure 全景曝光Parallel scan 平行扫查Paramagnetic material 顺磁性材料Parasitic echo 干扰回波Partial pressure 分压Particle content 磁悬液浓度Particle velocity 质点(振动)速度Pascal （Pa）帕斯卡（帕）Pascal cubic metres per second 帕立方米每秒（Pa?m3/s ） Path length 光程长Path length difference 光程长度差Pattern 探伤图形Peak current 峰值电流Penetrameter 透度计Penetrameter sensitivity 透度计灵敏度Penetrant 渗透剂Penetrant comparator 渗透对比试块Penetrant flaw detection 渗透探伤Penetrant removal 渗透剂去除Penetrant station 渗透工位Penetrant， water- washable 水洗型渗透剂Penetration 穿透深度Penetration time 渗透时间Permanent magnet 永久磁铁Permeability coefficient 透气系数Permeability，a-c 交流磁导率Permeability，d－c 直流磁导率Phantom echo 幻象回波Phase analysis 相位分析Phase angle 相位角Phase controlled circuit breaker 断电相位控制器Phase detection 相位检测Phase hologram 相位全息Phase sensitive detector 相敏检波器Phase shift 相位移Phase velocity 相速度Phase-sensitive system 相敏系统Phillips ionization gage 菲利浦电离计Phosphor 荧光物质Photo fluorography 荧光照相术Photoelectric absorption 光电吸收Photographic emulsion 照相乳剂Photographic fog 照相灰雾Photostimulable luminescence 光敏发光Piezoelectric effect 压电效应Piezoelectric material 压电材料Piezoelectric stiffness constant 压电劲度常数 Piezoelectric stress constant 压电应力常数 Piezoelectric transducer 压电换能器Piezoelectric voltage constant 压电电压常数 Pirani gage 皮拉尼计Pirani gage 皮拉尼计Pitch and catch technique 一发一收法Pixel 象素Pixel size 象素尺寸Pixel， disply size 象素显示尺寸Planar array 平面阵(列)Plane wave 平面波Plate wave 板波Plate wave technique 板波法Point source 点源Post emulsification 后乳化Post emulsifiable penetrant 后乳化渗透剂Post-cleaning 后清除Post-cleaning 后清洗Powder 粉未Powder blower 喷粉器Powder blower 磁粉喷枪Pre-cleaning 预清理Pressure difference 压力差Pressure dye test 压力着色检测Pressure probe 压力探头Pressure testing 压力检测Pressure- evacuation test 压力抽空检测Pressure mark 压痕Pressure,design 设计压力Pre-test 初探Primary coil 一次线圈Primary radiation 初级辐射Probe gas 探头气体Probe test 探头检测Probe backing 探头背衬Probe coil 点式线圈Probe coil 探头式线圈Probe coil clearance 探头线圈间隙Probe index 探头入射点Probe to weld distance 探头-焊缝距离Probe/ search unit 探头Process control radiograph 工艺过程控制的射线照相Processing capacity 处理能力Processing speed 处理速度Prods 触头Projective radiography 投影射线透照术Proportioning probe 比例探头Protective material 防护材料Proton radiography 质子射线透照Pulse 脉冲波Pulse 脉冲Pulse echo method 脉冲回波法Pulse repetition rate 脉冲重复率Pulse amplitude 脉冲幅度Pulse echo method 脉冲反射法Pulse energy 脉冲能量Pulse envelope 脉冲包络Pulse length 脉冲长度Pulse repetition frequency 脉冲重复频率Pulse tuning 脉冲调谐Pump- out tubulation 抽气管道Pump-down time 抽气时间Q factor Q 值Quadruple traverse technique 四次波法Quality (of a beam of radiation) 射线束的质Quality factor 品质因数Quenching 阻塞Quenching of fluorescence 荧光的猝灭Quick break 快速断间Rad(rad) 拉德Radiance， L 面辐射率，LRadiant existence， M 幅射照度MRadiant flux； radiant power，ψe辐射通量、辐射功率、ψe Radiation 辐射Radiation does 辐射剂量Radio frequency （r- f） display 射频显示Radio- frequency mass spectrometer 射频质谱仪Radio frequency(r-f) display 射频显示Radiograph 射线底片Radiographic contrast 射线照片对比度Radiographic equivalence factor 射线照相等效系数Radiographic exposure 射线照相曝光量Radiographic inspection 射线检测Radiographic inspection 射线照相检验Radiographic quality 射线照相质量Radiographic sensitivity 射线照相灵敏度Radiographic contrast 射线底片对比度Radiographic equivalence factor 射线透照等效因子 Radiographic inspection 射线透照检查Radiographic quality 射线透照质量Radiographic sensitivity 射线透照灵敏度Radiography 射线照相术Radiological examination 射线检验Radiology 射线学Radiometer 辐射计Radiometry 辐射测量术Radioscopy 射线检查法Range 量程Rayleigh wave 瑞利波Rayleigh scattering 瑞利散射Real image 实时图像Real-time radioscopy 实时射线检查法Rearm delay time 重新准备延时时间Rearm delay time 重新进入工作状态延迟时间Reciprocity failure 倒易律失效Reciprocity law 倒易律Recording medium 记录介质Recovery time 恢复时间Rectified alternating current 脉动直流电Reference block 参考试块Reference beam 参考光束Reference block 对比试块Reference block method 对比试块法eference coil 参考线圈Reference line method 基准线法Reference standard 参考标准Reflection 反射Reflection coefficient 反射系数Reflection density 反射密度Reflector 反射体Refraction 折射Refractive index 折射率Refrence beam angle 参考光束角Reicnlbation 网纹Reject; suppression 抑制Rejection level 拒收水平Relative permeability 相对磁导率Relevant indication 相关指示Reluctance 磁阻Rem(rem) 雷姆Remote controlled testing 机械化检测Replenisers 补充剂Representative quality indicator 代表性质量指示器Residual magnetic field/field， residual magnetic 剩磁场 Residual technique 剩磁技术Residual magnetic method 剩磁法Residual magnetism 剩磁Resistance （to flow）气阻Resolution 分辨力Resonance method 共振法Response factor 响应系数Response time 响应时间Resultant field 复合磁场Resultant magnetic field 合成磁场Resultant magnetization method 组合磁化法Retentivity 顽磁性Reversal 反转现象Ring-down count 振铃计数Ring-down count rate 振铃计数率Rinse 清洗Rise time 上升时间Rise-time discrimination 上升时间鉴别Rod-anode tube 棒阳极管Roentgen(R) 伦琴Roof angle 屋顶角Rotational magnetic field 旋转磁场Rotational magnetic field method 旋转磁场法Rotational scan 转动扫查Roughing 低真空Roughing line 低真空管道Roughing pump 低真空泵S SSafelight 安全灯Sampling probe 取样探头Saturation 饱和Saturation，magnetic 磁饱和Saturation level 饱和电平Scan on grid lines 格子线扫查Scan pitch 扫查间距Scanning 扫查Scanning index 扫查标记Scanning directly on the weld 焊缝上扫查Scanning path 扫查轨迹Scanning sensitivity 扫查灵敏度Scanning speed 扫查速度Scanning zone 扫查区域Scattared energy 散射能量Scatter unsharpness 散射不清晰度Scattered neutrons 散射中子Scattered radiation 散射辐射Scattering 散射Schlieren system 施利伦系统Scintillation counter 闪烁计数器Scintillator and scintillating crystals 闪烁器和闪烁晶体 Screen 屏Screen unsharpness 荧光增感屏不清晰度Screen-type film 荧光增感型胶片SE probe SE 探头Search-gas 探测气体Second critical angle 第二临界角Secondary radiation 二次射线Secondary coil 二次线圈Secondary radiation 次级辐射Selectivity 选择性Semi-conductor detector 半导体探测器Sensitirity va1ue 灵敏度值Sensitivity 灵敏度Sensitivity of leak test 泄漏检测灵敏度Sensitivity control 灵敏度控制Shear wave 切变波Shear wave probe 横波探头Shear wave technique 横波法Shim 薄垫片Shot 冲击通电Side lobe 副瓣Side wall 侧面Sievert(Sv) 希(沃特)Signal 信号Signal gradient 信号梯度Signal over load point 信号过载点Signal overload level 信号过载电平Signal to noise ratio 信噪比Single crystal probe 单晶片探头Single probe technique 单探头法Single traverse technique 一次波法Sizing technique 定量法Skin depth 集肤深度Skin effect 集肤效应Skip distance 跨距Skip point 跨距点Sky shine(air scatter) 空中散射效应Sniffing probe 嗅吸探头Soft X-rays 软X 射线Soft-faced probe 软膜探头Solarization 负感作用Solenoid 螺线管Soluble developer 可溶显像剂Solvent remover 溶剂去除剂Solvent cleaners 溶剂清除剂Solvent developer 溶剂显像剂Solvent remover 溶剂洗净剂Solvent-removal penetrant 溶剂去除型渗透剂 Sorption 吸着Sound diffraction 声绕射Sound insulating layer 隔声层Sound intensity 声强Sound intensity level 声强级Sound pressure 声压Sound scattering 声散射Sound transparent layer 透声层Sound velocity 声速Source 源Source data label 放射源数据标签Source location 源定位Source size 源尺寸Source-film distance 射线源-胶片距离Spacial frequency 空间频率Spark coil leak detector 电火花线圈检漏仪 Specific activity 放射性比度Specified sensitivity 规定灵敏度Standard 标准Standard 标准试样Standard leak rate 标准泄漏率Standard leak 标准泄漏孔Standard tast block 标准试块Standardization instrument 设备标准化Standing wave; stationary wave 驻波Step wedge 阶梯楔块Step- wadge calibration film 阶梯楔块校准底片 Step- wadge comparison film 阶梯楔块比较底片 Step wedge 阶梯楔块Step-wedge calibration film 阶梯-楔块校准片Step-wedge comparison film 阶梯-楔块比较片 Stereo-radiography 立体射线透照术Subject contrast 被检体对比度Subsurface discontinuity 近表面不连续性Suppression 抑制Surface echo 表面回波Surface field 表面磁场Surface noise 表面噪声Surface wave 表面波Surface wave probe 表面波探头Surface wave technique 表面波法Surge magnetization 脉动磁化Surplus sensitivity 灵敏度余量Suspension 磁悬液Sweep 扫描Sweep range 扫描范围Sweep speed 扫描速度Swept gain 扫描增益Swivel scan 环绕扫查System exanlillatien threshold 系统检验阈值System inclacel artifacts 系统感生物System noise 系统噪声Tackground， target 目标本底Tandem scan 串列扫查Target 耙Target 靶Television fluoroscopy 电视X 射线荧光检查Temperature envelope 温度范围Tenth-value-layer(TVL) 十分之一值层Test coil 检测线圈Test quality level 检测质量水平Test ring 试环Test block 试块Test frequency 试验频率Test piece 试片Test range 探测范围Test surface 探测面Testing，ulrasonic 超声检测Thermal neutrons 热中子Thermocouple gage 热电偶计Thermogram 热谱图Thermography， infrared 红外热成象Thermoluminescent dosemeter(TLD) 热释光剂量计Thickness sensitivity 厚度灵敏度Third critiical angle 第三临界角Thixotropic penetrant 摇溶渗透剂Thormal resolution 热分辨率Threading bar 穿棒Three way sort 三档分选Threshold setting 门限设置Threshold fog 阈值灰雾Threshold level 阀值Threshotd tcnet 门限电平Throttling 节流Through transmission technique 穿透技术Through penetration technique 贯穿渗透法Through transmission technique; transmission technique 穿透法 Through-coil technique 穿过式线圈技术Throughput 通气量Tight 密封Total reflection 全反射Totel image unsharpness 总的图像不清晰度Tracer probe leak location 示踪探头泄漏定位Tracer gas 示踪气体Transducer 换能器/传感器Transition flow 过渡流Translucent base media 半透明载体介质Transmission 透射Transmission densitomefer 发射密度计Transmission coefficient 透射系数Transmission point 透射点Transmission technique 透射技术Transmittance，τ透射率τTransmitted film density 检测底片黑度Transmitted pulse 发射脉冲Transverse resolution 横向分辨率Transverse wave 横波Traveling echo 游动回波Travering scan; depth scan 前后扫查Triangular array 正三角形阵列Trigger/alarm condition 触发/报警状态Trigger/alarm level 触发/报警标准Triple traverse technique 三次波法True continuous technique 准确连续法技术 Trueattenuation 真实衰减Tube current 管电流Tube head 管头Tube shield 管罩Tube shutter 管子光闸Tube window 管窗Tube-shift radiography 管子移位射线透照术 Two-way sort 两档分选Ultra- high vacuum 超高真空Ultrasonic leak detector 超声波检漏仪Ultrasonic noise level 超声噪声电平Ultrasonic cleaning 超声波清洗Ultrasonic field 超声场Ultrasonic flaw detection 超声探伤Ultrasonic flaw detector 超声探伤仪Ultrasonic microscope 超声显微镜Ultrasonic spectroscopy 超声频谱Ultrasonic testing system 超声检测系统Ultrasonic thickness gauge 超声测厚仪Ultraviolet radiation 紫外辐射Under development 显影不足Unsharpness 不清晰Useful density range 有效光学密度范围UV-A A 类紫外辐射UV-A filter A 类紫外辐射滤片Vacuum 真空Vacuum cassette 真空暗盒Vacuum testing 真空检测Vacuum cassette 真空暗合Van de Graaff generator 范德格喇夫起电机 Vapor pressure 蒸汽压Vapour degreasing 蒸汽除油Variable angle probe 可变角探头Vee path V 型行程Vehicle 载体Vertical linearity 垂直线性Vertical location 垂直定位Visible light 可见光Vitua limage 虚假图像V oltage threshold 电压阈值V oltage threshold 阈值电压Wash station 水洗工位Water break test 水膜破坏试验Water column coupling method 水柱耦合法 Water column probe 水柱耦合探头Water path; water distance 水程Water tolerance 水容限Water-washable penetrant 可水洗型渗透剂Wave 波Wave guide acoustic emission 声发射波导杆 Wave train 波列Wave from 波形Wave front 波前Wave length 波长Wave node 波节Wave train 波列Wedge 斜楔Wet slurry technique 湿软磁膏技术Wet technique 湿法技术Wet method 湿粉法Wetting action 润湿作用Wetting action 润湿作用Wetting agents 润湿剂Wheel type probe; wheel search unit 轮式探头 White light 白光White X-rays 连续X 射线Wobble 摆动Wobble effect 抖动效应Working sensitivity 探伤灵敏度Wrap around 残响波干扰Xeroradiography 静电射线透照术X-radiation X 射线X-ray controller X 射线控制器X-ray detection apparatus X 射线探伤装置X-ray film 射线胶片X-ray paper X 射线感光纸X-ray tube X 射线管X-ray tube diaphragm X 射线管光阑Yoke 磁轭Yoke magnetization method 磁轭磁化法Zigzag scan 锯齿扫查Zone calibration location 时差区域校准定位 Zone location 区域定位。
质谱仪常用参数中英文对照
质谱仪常用参数中英文对照质谱仪是一种广泛应用于化学、生物、环境等领域的仪器，用于分析和识别样品中的化合物。
以下是质谱仪常用参数的中英文对照及其解释。
1. Mass range（质量范围）：The range of masses that can be detected and measured by the mass spectrometer.（质谱仪可以检测和测量的质量范围。
）2. Mass resolution（质量分辨率）：The ability of a mass spectrometer to distinguish between two peaks with similar masses. It is defined as the ratio of the difference in mass between two ions to the width of the peak at a defined fraction (usually 10%) of the maximum height.（质谱仪区分两个质量相似的峰的能力。
它定义为两个离子之间质量差与峰半高宽度的比值（通常为最大高度的10%））3. Sensitivity（灵敏度）：The ability of a mass spectrometer to detect and quantify trace amounts of analytes in a sample.（质谱仪检测和定量样品中微量分析物的能力。
）4. Scan speed（扫描速度）：The speed at which a mass spectrometer can acquire a spectrum. It is usually expressed in scans per second.（质谱仪获取光谱的速度，通常以每秒扫描次数计算。
）5. Dynamic range（动态范围）：The ratio between the largest and smallest signals a mass spectrometer can measure. Itreflects the ability of the instrument to measure both low andhigh abundance ions.（质谱仪能够测量的最大和最小信号之间的比值。
高分子材料常用专业术语中英对照表分析
coextrusion加工 processing 反应性加工 reactive processing 等离子体加工 plasma processing 加工性 processability 熔体流动指数 melt [flow] index 门尼粘度 Mooney index塑化 plasticizing 增塑作用 plasticization 内增塑作用internal plasticization 外增塑作用 externalplasticization 增塑溶胶 plastisol 增强 reinforcing 增容作用 compatibilization 相容性 compatibility 相溶性intermiscibility 生物相容性 biocompatibility 血液相容性blood compatibility 组织相容性 tissue compatibility 混炼 milling, mixing 素炼 mastication 塑炼 plastication 过炼 dead milled 橡胶配合 rubber compounding 共混blend 捏和 kneading 冷轧 cold rolling 压延性calenderability 压延 calendaring 埋置 embedding 压片 performing 模塑 molding 模压成型 compressionmolding 压缩成型 compression forming 冲压模塑impact moulding, shock moulding 叠模压塑 stackmoulding 复合成型 composite molding 注射成型injection molding 注塑压缩成型 injection compressionmolding 射流注塑 jet molding 无流道冷料注塑runnerless injection molding 共注塑 coinjectionmolding 气辅注塑 gas aided injection molding 注塑焊接 injection welding 传递成型 transfer molding树脂传递成型 resin transfer molding铸塑cast熔铸 fusion casting铸塑成型 cast molding单体浇铸 monomer casting挤出 extrusion多层挤塑 multi-layer extrusion共挤吹塑 coextrusion blow molding同轴挤塑 coaxial extrusion吹胀挤塑 blown extrusion挤出吹塑 extrusion blow molding 挤拉吹塑成型extrusion draw blow molding吹塑 blow molding多层吹塑 multi-layer blow molding 拉伸吹塑成型stretch blow molding 滚塑 rotational moulding反应注射成型reaction injection molding, RIM 真空成型vacuum forming无压成型zero ressure molding真空烧结vacuum sintering真空袋成型vacuum bag molding热成型thermal forming拉伸热成型stretch thermoforming袋模塑bag molding糊塑paste molding镶铸imbedding冲压成型impact molding触压成型impression molding层压材料laminate泡沫塑料成型foam molding包模成型drape molding充气吹胀inflation橡胶胶乳rubber latex胶乳latex高分子胶体polymer colloid生橡胶raw rubber ，crude rubber硬质胶ebonite再生胶reclaimed rubber充油橡胶oil-extended rubber母胶masterbatch硫化vulcanization后硫化post cure , post vulcanization 自硫［化］bin cure自交联self crosslinking , self curing过硫over cure返硫reversion欠硫under cure动态硫化dynamic vulcanization不均匀硫化heterogeneous vulcanization开始［硫化］效应set-up effect自动硫化self-curing, self-vulcanizing焦烧scorching无压硫化non-pressure cure模压硫化moulding curing常温硫化auto-vulcanization热硫化heat curing蒸汽硫化steam curing微波硫化micro wave curing辐射硫化radiation vulcanization辐射交联radiation crosslinking连续硫化continuous vulcanization无模硫化open vulcanization成纤fiber forming 可纺性spinnability 纺丝spinning 干纺dry spinning 湿纺wet spinning 干湿法纺丝dry wet spinning干喷湿法纺丝dry jet wet spinning溶液纺丝solution spinning孚L液纺丝emulsion spinning孚L液闪蒸纺丝法e mulsion flash spinning process喷射纺丝jet spinning喷纺成形spray spinning液晶纺丝liquid crystal spinning熔纺melt spinning共混纺丝blended spinning 凝胶纺［丝］gel spinning 反应纺丝reaction spinning静电纺丝electrostatic spinning高压纺丝high-pressure spinning复合纺丝conjugate spinning无纺布non-woven fabrics单丝monofilament, monofil复丝multifilament全取向丝fully oriented yarn中空纤维hollow fiber皮芯纤维sheath core fiber共纺cospinning冷拉伸cold drawing, cold stretching单轴拉伸uniaxial drawing ，uniaxial elongation双轴拉伸biaxial drawing多轴拉伸multiaxial drawing皮心效应skin and core effect皮层效应skin effect防缩non-shrink熟成ripening垂挂sag定型sizing起球现象pilling effect捻度twist旦denier特tex纱yarn股strand粘合adhesion反应粘合reaction bonding压敏粘合pressure sensitive adhesion底漆primer浸渍impregnation浸渍树脂solvent impregnated resin基体matrix聚合物表面活性剂polymeric surfactant高分子絮凝剂polymeric flocculant预发颗粒pre-expanded bead高分子膜polymeric membraneH-膜H-filmLB 膜Langmuir Blodgett film (LB film)半透膜semipermeable membrane反渗透膜Reverse osmosis membrance多孔膜porous membrane各向异性膜anisotropic membrane 正离子交换膜cation exchange membrane 负离子交换膜anionic exchange membrane 吸附树脂polymeric adsorbent潜固化剂latent curing agent硫化剂vulcanizing agent给硫剂sulfur donor agent, sulfur donor 硫化促进剂Ivulcanization accelerator 硫化活化齐U vulcanizationactivator 活化促进剂I activating accelerator 活化剂activator防焦剂scorch retarder抗硫化返原剂anti-reversion agent 塑解剂peptizer偶联剂coupling agent硅烷偶联剂silane coupling agent 钛酸酯偶联剂titanate coupling agent 铝酸酯偶联齐U aluminatecoupling agent增塑增容剂plasticizer extender 分散剂dispersantagent结构控制齐U constitution controller 色料colorant荧光增白剂optical bleaching agent 抗降解剂antidegradant 防老剂anti-aging agent防臭氧剂antiozonant除臭剂re-odorant 抗氧齐U antioxidant热稳定剂heat stabilizer抗静电添加剂antistatic additive 抗静电剂antistatic agent紫外线稳定剂ultraviolet stabilizer 紫外光吸收剂ultraviolet absorber润滑剂lubricant 湿润剂wetting agent 隔离剂separant 增韧剂toughening agent 抗冲改性剂impact modifier 消泡剂antifoaming agent 减阻剂drag reducer 破乳剂demulsifier 粘度改进剂viscosity modifier 增稠剂thickening agent, thickener 阻黏剂abhesive 洗脱剂eluant 附聚剂agglomerating agent 后处理剂I after-treating agent 催干剂drier 防结皮剂anti-skinning agent 纺织品整理剂textile finishing agent aggregation聚集体aggregate 凝聚、聚集coalescence 链缠结chain entanglement 凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement 物理缠结physical entanglement 凝聚态condensed state 凝聚过程condensing process 临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition 受限链confined chain 受限态confined state数均分子量number-average molecular weight, number-average molar mass重均分子量weight-average molecular weight, weight-average molar massZ 均分子量Z（Zaverage）-average molecular weight, Z-molar mass黍占均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight , viscosity-average molar mass 聚合度degree of polymerization分子量分布molecular weight distribution , MWD多分散性指数polydispersity index , PID结晶聚合物crystalline polymer聚合物形态学morphology of polymer成核作用nucleation分子成核作用molecular nucleation阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation织构texture液晶态liquid crystal state相分离phase separation微相microphase最低临界共溶（溶解）温度lower critical solution temperature, LCST 最高临界共溶（溶解）温度upper critical solution temperature , UCST 橡胶态rubber state 玻璃态glassy state 高弹态elastomeric state 黍占流态viscous flow state 伸长elongation 高弹形变high elastic deformation 回缩性，弹性复原nerviness 拉伸比draw ratio, extension ratio 泊松比Poisson's ratio 杨氏模量Young's modulus本体模量bulk modulus颈缩现象necking脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition压缩强度compressive strength 氏硬度Rockwell hardness延迟弹性retarded elasticity可逆形变reversible deformation 应力开裂stress cracking应力-应变曲线stress strain curve假塑性pseudoplastic拉胀性auxiticity牛顿流体Newtonian fluid非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid宾汉姆流体Bingham fluid冷流cold flow牛顿剪切黏度Newtonian shear viscosity 剪切黏度shear viscosity表观剪切黏度apparent shear viscosity剪切变稀shear thinning触变性thixotropy塑性形变plastic deformation塑性流动plastic flow体积弛豫volume relaxation拉伸黏度extensional viscosity弛豫［作用］relaxation弛豫模量relaxation modulus蠕变柔量creep compliance热畸变温度heat distortion temperature 弛豫谱relaxation spectrum推迟［时间］谱retardation ［time］ spectrum弛豫时间relaxation time推迟时间retardation time动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior 动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity 热-机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve 动态转变dynamic transition储能模量storage modulus损耗模量loss modulus复数模量complex modulus复数柔量complex compliance动态黏度dynamic viscosity复数黏度complex viscosity复数介电常数complex dielectric permittivity 介电损耗因子dielectric dissipation factor 介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant 介电弛豫时间dielectric relaxation time 玻璃化转变glass transition 玻璃化转变温度glass-transition temperature次级弛豫secondary relaxation 次级转变secondary transition次级弛豫温度secondary relaxation temperature 开尔文模型Kelvin model麦克斯韦模型Maxwell model时-温叠加原理time-temperature superposition principle玻耳兹曼叠加原理Boltzmann superposition principle平移因子shift factor WLF 公式WLF[Williams-Lendel-Ferry] equation 软化温度softening temperature平衡熔点equilibrium melting point计算机模拟computer simulation分子动力学模拟molecular dynamics simulation蒙特卡洛模拟Monte Carlo simulation。
TW 75物理学名词-中小学教科书名词中英对照术语
base beta decay big bang theory binding energy Biot-Savart law black body radiation blue shift Bohr radius boiling point bow wave Boyle's law Brackett series Bragg angle Bragg's law braking radiation Brownian motion candela capacitance capacitor capillarity capillary tube carbon dioxide laser carrier Cassegrain telescope cathode cathode ray cathode ray tube cavity celestial sphere Celsius scale Celsius temperature scale center of curvature center of gravity center of mass centimeter centripetal acceleration centripetal force chain reaction channel characteristic spectrum charge charge-coupled device｛＝CCD｝ Charles' law charm chip cholesteric liquid crystal chromatic dispersion cladding classical mechanics classical physics cluster cobalt coefficient of linear expansion coefficient of restitution coefficient of static friction
塑胶模具相关名词中英文对照（精选）
塑胶模具相关名词中英文对照（精选）第一篇：塑胶模具相关名词中英文对照（精选）射出壓力---injection pressure射出成形---injection molding射出成形機---injection molding machine射出成形模具---injection mold射出裝置---injection unit射出速度---injection speed射出噴嘴,注料嘴---injection nozzle射出容量---machine shot capacity射出率(量)---injection rate煮沸試驗---boiling test手動模具---hand mold,loose mold手動油壓機---hand press縮窩,凹孔---shrinkage pool噴嘴,注嘴---nozzle噴嘴接觸---nozzle touching噴嘴止流---nozzle shut-off支管形噴嘴---nozzle manifold背壓---back pressure止回閥,止逆閥---back pressure valve脫模銷,頂出銷---knock-out pin脫模銷托板,頂出銷托板---knock-out pin plate注射,射料---shot成形壓力,模製壓力---molding pressure成形溫度,模製溫度---molding temperature成形循環,成形週期---molding cycle成形時間,模製時間---molding time成形收縮,模壓收縮---mold shrinkage, molding shrinkage窄澆口,限制形澆口---restricted gate剪切強度,抗剪強度---shear strength增亮劑---brightening agent,optical brightener,optical whitening agent 加速試驗---accelerated test加速老化---accelerated ageing塑性變形---plastic deformation塑性流動---plastic fiow翹曲---warp(ing),warpage拉桿,導柱---tie-bar拉桿間距---tie-bar distance多模穴模具---multi-cavity mold雙色射出成形---double-shot molding超音(聲)波鑲嵌---ultrasonic inserting超音(聲)波焊接---ultrasonic welding頂出,脫模---ejection頂出組合---ejector頂出板---ejector plate,knock-out plate頂出桿,脫模桿---knock-out bar,ejector rod無光面---dull surface低壓射出成形法---low pressure injection molding硬度計---durometer電鍍---electroplating,electrodeposition電鑄模具---electroformed mold尼龍,(聚醯胺樹脂之俗稱)---nylon尼龍纖維---nylon fiber扭曲試驗---torsion test扭力矩---torsion moment發泡劑---blowing agent,expanding agent發泡塑膠,泡沫塑料---plastics foam,expanded plastics, foamed plastics,cellular plastics,plastics sponge拋光布輪---buff,buffing wheel布輪拋光---buffing修邊,除邊---deflashing,definning修邊機,修毛邊機---deflasher剝離,剝皮加工---peeling拉出成形---pultrusion抗刮硬度,刮痕硬度---scratch hardness非破壞性試驗---non-destructive testing疲勞壽命---fatigue life疲勞強度---fatigue strength針眼,針孔---pinhole玻璃纖維強化,熱塑塑膠射出成形---fiberfil molding底漆,底膠,引發劑---primer溢料縫,毛邊槽---flash groove流痕---flow mark冷卻線---frost line原型模,試驗模---prototype mold環境溫度---ambient temperature止流閥---shut-off valve放電---discharge全壓式模具---positive mold輔助壓缸---auxiliary cylinder燙印---hot stamping,roll leaf stamping 彎曲龜裂---flex cracking磨損---abrasion,wear磨耗---abrasion loss莫斯硬度---Mohs’hardness退火---annealing回火---tempering楊氏彈性係數---Young’s modulus of elasticity 油壓增壓器---hydraulic intensifier油壓機---hydraulic press油壓馬達---hydraulic motor焊接---welding老化試驗---ageing test對位圈,定位環---locating ring肉厚---wall thickness脫模斜度---draft angle第二篇：测量学名词中英文对照测绘学名词(中英对照)01.001 测绘学 surveying and mapping, SM01.002 中华人民共和国测绘法 Law of Surveying and Mapping of the People's Republic of China01.003 测绘标准 standards of surveying and mapping01.004 测量规范 specifications of surveys01.005 地形图图式 topographic map symbols01.006 大地测量学 geodesy01.007 地球形状 earth shape, figure of the earth01.008 重力基准网 gravity standard network01.009 重力场gravity field01.010 地心坐标系 geocentric coordinate system01.011 地球椭球 earth ellipsoid01.012 大地原点 geodetic origin01.013 水准原点 leveling origin01.014 测量标志survey mark01.015 测量觇标observation target01.016 高程基准height datum01.017 1954年北京坐标系Beijing geodetic coordinate system195401.018高程系统height system01.019平均海[体]面mean sea level01.020黄海平均海[水]面Huanghai mean sea level01.021海拔height above sea level01.022海军导航卫星系统Navy Navigation Satellite System，NNSS01.023NAVSTAR全球定位系统NAVSTAR Global Positioning System，NAVSTAR GPS01.024 惯性测量系统inertial surveying system，ISS01.025 摄影测量与遥感学photogrammetry and remote sensing01.026 航空摄影测量aerophotogrammetry, aerial photogrammetry01.027 航天摄影测量（又称“太空摄影测量”）space photogrammetry01.028 非地形摄影测量non-topographic photogrammetry01.029 水下摄影测量underwater photogrammetry01.030 航空航天摄影aero—space photogrammetry01.031 航空遥感aerial remote sensing01.032 航天遥感space remote sensing01.033 图像image01.034 影像image, imagery01.035 图形Graphics01.036判读（又称“判释”、“解译”）interpretation01.037 模拟摄影测量analog photogrammetry01.038 解析摄影测量analytical photogrammetry, numerical photogrammetry01.039数字摄影测量digital photogrammetry01.040数字地图模型（又称“数值地型”）digital terrain model, DTM01.041 遥感图象处理image processing of remote sensing01.042 遥感模式识别pattern recognition of remote sensing01.043 地图制图学（又称“地图学”）cartography01.044 地理坐标网geographic graticule01.045 经纬网fictitious graticule01.046 方里网kilometer grid01.047 邻带方里网grid of neighboring zone01.048 坐标格网coordinate grid01.049 地理坐标参考系geographical reference system，GEOREF01.050 地图map01.051 地形图topographic map01.052 平面图plan01.053 普通地图general map01.054 专题地图thematic map01.055 地图集atlas01.056 地球仪globe01.057 地图规范map specifications01.058 地图生产map production01.059 地图投影map projection01.060 地图编制（又称“编图”）map compilation01.061 地图复制map reproduction01.062 地图印刷map printing01.063 地图利用map use01.064 地图量算cartometry01.065 机助地图制图computer-aided cartography，computer-assisted cartography, CAC01.066 自动化制图automatic cartography01.067 自动绘图automatic plotting01.068 图形显示graphic display01.069 遥感制图remote sensing mapping01.070 地名学toponomastics, toponymy01.071 地名geographical name, place name01.072 工程测量学engineering surveying01.073 比例尺scale01.074 基本比例尺basic scale01.075 等高线contour01.076 等高距contour interval01.077 测量平差survey adjustment，adjustment of observations01.078 精度估计precision estimation01.079 精［密］度precision01.080 准确度accuracy01.081 偶然误差accident error01.082 系统误差systematic error01.083 粗差gross error01.084 常差constant error01.085 多余观测redundant observation01.086 闭合差closing error, closure01.087 限差tolerance01.088 相对误差relative error01.089 绝对误差absolute error01.090 中误差mean square error01.091 误差椭圆error ellipse01.092 边长中误差mean square error of side length01.093 测角中误差mean square error of angle observation01.094 方位角中误差mean square error of azimuth01.095 坐标中误差mean square error of coordinate01.096 点位中误差mean square error of a point01.097 高程中误差mean square error of height01.098 国土基础信息系统land base information system01.099 大地控制数据库geodetic data base01.100 重力数据库gravimetric data base01.101 地形数据库topographic data base01.102 地理信息系统geographical information system，GIS01.103 地图数据库map data base01.104 地图数据库管理系统cartographic data basemanagement system01.105 地名数据库place-name data base01.106 地籍信息系统cadastral information system01.107 土地信息系统land information system，LIS01.108 制图专家系统cartographic expert system01.109 海洋测绘hydrographic surveying and charting01.110 测绘仪器instrument of surveying and mapping01.111 大地测量仪器geodetic instrument01.112 测距仪distance measuring instrument，rangefinder01.113 重力仪gravimeter01.114 定位系统positioning system01.115 摄影测量仪器photogrammetric instrument01.116 立体测图仪stereoplotter01.117 数字摄影测量工作站 digital photogrammetric station01.118 全数字化自测图系统full digital automatic mapping system01.119 图形输入设备graphic input unit01.120 图形输出设备graphic output unit01.121 中国测绘学会Chinese Society of Surveying and Mapping，CSSM01.122 国际测绘联合会International Union of Surveying and Mapping，IUSM01.123 国际测量师联合会Federation Internationale des Geometres，FIG（法语）01.124 国际大地测量学与地球物理学International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics，IUGG01.125 国际大地测量学协会International Association of Geodesy IAG01.126 国际摄影测量与遥感学会 International Society forPhotogrammetry and Remote Sensing，ISPRS01.127 国际地图学协会International Cartographic Association，ICA01.128国际海道测量组织International Hydrography Organization, IHO第三篇：物流常用名词中英文对照物流常用名词中英文对照alternate tiers row pattern交错码放AGV无人搬运车anchoring 膨胀螺丝AS/RS(Automatic Storage Retrieval System)自动存取机/系统自动存取仓储系统自动仓库系统assembly packaging集合包装average inventory平均存货battery电瓶beam橫撑，横梁belt conveyor皮带式输送机（带）block pattern row pattern整齐码放bonded warehouse国际物流中心保税仓库brick pattern砌砖式码放buffer stock 缓冲储备cantilever shalving悬臂架cargo freight 货物carrying搬运chain conveyor链条式输送机（带）charger充电机cold chain system冷冻链系统common carrier 公共承运人consolidation装运整合container terminal集装箱中转站contract carrier 契约承运人contract logistics契约物流counterbalance truck平衡式电动(柴油、电动、瓦斯)堆高机cycle inventory周期存货delivery配送depalletizer托盘拆垛机devanning拆箱diagonal bracing斜撑dock leveller月台调整板dock shelter 月台门封(充气式,非充气式)double-deep pallet racking双层深式重型物料钢架drive-in pallet racking直入式重型物料钢架dry cargo干货dunnage填充electronic data interchange电子资料交换EDIexport processing zone加工出口区fill rate供应比率floor utilization percentage地面面积利用率flow(dynamic)racking重型流力架flow(dynamic)rack shelving 轻型(料盒、纸箱)流力架forklift truck 叉车four-way reach truck四向式电动堆高机frame 支柱组frame feet脚底板frame joint柱连杆freight container货物集装箱general cargo一般货物hand pallet truck油压拖板车horizontal bracing橫撑industrial door 工业门industrial vehicle工业车辆intermodal transportation复合一贯运输lashing捆扎加固levelling plate垫片LGV激光引导无人搬运车 load efficient装载效率loading and unloading 装卸logistical utilities物流效用logistics物流materials handling物料搬运mezzanines floor 积层架mini-load AS/RS料盒式自动仓库系統mobile dock leveller月台桥板mobile shelving移动柜net unit load size 净单元货载尺寸operation area 理货区order picking truck电动拣料车order picking指令拣选order shipped complete订货完成率packaged cargo包装货物packaging包装pallet托盘，(木质)栈板pallet container栈板笼架pallet pool system 通用托盘系统pallet racking传统式重型物料钢架palletization托盘化palletizer托盘堆垛机palletizing pattern托盘装载方式pick up货物聚集picking拣货，拣选作业pictorial marking for handling货运标识pinwheel pattern针轮式码放plan view size平面尺寸plastic bin物料盒plastic pallet塑胶栈板platform物流容器，站台，月台physical distribution model物流标准powered pallet truck电动拖板车powered stacker自走式电动堆高机push-back pallet racking后推式重型物料钢架rack 货架rack notice标示牌reach truck前伸式电动堆高机returnable container 通用容器roll container笼车roller conveyor滚筒式输送机（带）safety pin插销safety stock安全储备scrubber洗地机shed临时周转仓库shelving轻量型物料钢架shuttle car梭车slat conveyor条板式输送机（带）slotted-angle shelving角钢架sorting 分类special cargo特殊货物spot stock现场储备stacker crane自动存取机高架吊车stacking堆垛stockout frequency缺货频率storage存储support bar跨梁surface utilization percentage表面利用率sweeper扫地机table trolley物流台车third part logistics第三方物流third party logistics service provider第三方物流服务商transit inventory中转存货transportation运输transportation package size by modular coordination 运输包装系列尺寸tray conveyor盘式输送机（带）truck terminal卡车货运站turntable转盘(变更输送方向)unit load单元货载unit load system单元货载系统upright支柱upright protctors护脚value added network—VAN加值网络vanning装箱vertical conveyor垂直输送机very narrow aisle truck窄巷道电动堆高机warehouse仓库WCS(Warehouse Control System)仓储控制系统WMS(Warehouse Management System)仓储管理系统第四篇：质量管理中英文名词对照质量管理中英文名词对照质量管理中英文名词对照表Accuracy 准确度Active 主动Action 评价.处理Activity 活动Add 加Addition rule 加法运算规则Analysis Covariance 协方差分析Analysis of Variance 方差分析Appraisal Variation 评价变差Approved 承认ASQC 美国质量学会Attribute 计数值Audit 审核Automatic database recovery 数据库错误自动回复 Average 平均数balance 平衡Balance sheet 资产负债对照表Binomial 二项分配Body 机构Brainstorming Techniques 脑力风暴法Business Systems Planning 企业系统规划 Cable 电缆Capability 能力Cause and Effect matrix 因果图.鱼骨图 Center line 中心线check 检查Check Sheets 检查表Chi-square Distribution 卡方分布Clutch spring 离合器弹簧Coining 压印加工Common cause 共同原因Complaint 投诉Compound factor 调合因素Concept 新概念Condenser 聚光镜Conformity 合格Connection 关联Consumer’s risk 消费者之风险Control 控制Control characteristic 管制特性Control chart管制图Control plan 管制计划Correction 纠正Correlation Methods 相关分析法Cost down 降低成本CPI: continuouse Process Improvement 连续工序改善Creep 渐变Cross Tabulation T ables 交叉表CS: customer Sevice 客户中心Cushion 缓冲Customer 顾客DSA: Defects Analysis System 缺陷分析系统Data 数据Data Collection 数据收集Data concentrator 资料集中缓存器DCC: Document Control Center 文控中心Decision 决策.判定Defects per unit 单位缺点数Description 描述Detection 难检度Device 装置Digital 数字Do 执行DOE: Design of Experiments 实验设计Element 元素Else 否则Engineering recbnology 工程技术Entropy 函数Environmental 环境Equipment 设备Estimated accumulative frequency 计算估计累计数EV: Equipment Variation 设备变异Event 事件External Failure 外部失效,外部缺陷FA: Failure Analysis 坏品分析Fact control 事实管理Fatique 疲劳FMEA: Failure Mode and Effect analysis 失效模式与效果分析FPY 合格率FQA: Final Quality Assurance 最终品质保证FQC: Final Quality control 最终品质控制Full-steer 完全转向function 职能Gauge system 量测系统Grade 等级Gum-roll 橡皮滚筒Health meter 体重计Heat press 冲压粘着Histogram 直方图Hi-tech 高科技hypergeometric 超几何分配hysteresis 磁滞现象Improvement 改善Inductance 电感Information 信息Initial review 先期审查Inspection 检验Internal Failure 内部失效,内部缺陷IPQC: In Process Quality Control 制程品质控制IQC: Incomming Quality Control 来料品质控制ISO: International Organization for Standardization 国际标准组织 Law of large number 大数法则Link 连接LCL: Lower Control limit 管制下限LQC: Line Quality Control 生产线品质控制LSL: Lower Size Limit 规格下限Machine 机械Manage 管理Materials 物料Measurement 量测Median 中位数Miss feed 漏送Module,sub-system,sub-unit 单位Momentum 原动力Monte garlo method 原子核分裂热运动法MSA: Measurement System Analysis 量测系统分析Multiplication rule 乘法运算规则NIST 美国:标准技术院Normal 常态分布Occurrence 发生率On.off system 开,关系统Operation Instruction 作业指导书Organization 组织Parameter 参数Parto 柏拉图Parts 零件Parts per million 不良率Passive 消极的,被动的Plan 计划Pulse 脉冲Policy 方针Population 群体Power 力量,能源PQA: Process Quality Assurance 制程品质保证Practice 实务Precision 精密度preemptive 先占式多任务Pressure 压缩Prevention 预防Probability 机率Probability density function 机率密度函数Procedure 流程Process 过程Process capability analysis 制程能力分析图Process control and process capability 制程管制与制程能力Producer’s risk 生产者之风险Product 产品Production 生产Program 方案Projects 项目QA: Quality Assurance 品质保证QC: Quality Control 品质控制QE: Quality Engineering 品质工程QFD: Quality Function Desgin 品质机能展开Quality 质量Quality manual 品质手册Quality policy 品质政策Random experiment 随机试验Random numbers 随机数Range 全距Record 记录Reflow 回流Reject 拒收Repair 返修Repeatusility 再现性Reproducibility 再生性Requirement 要求Residual 误差Response 响应Responsibilities 职责Review 评审Reword 返工Robustness 稳健性Rolled yield 直通率RPN: Risk Priority Number 风险系数sample 抽样,样本Sample space 样本空间Sampling with replacement 放回抽样Sampling without peplacement 不放回抽样Scatter diagram 散布图分析Scrap 报废Screw 螺旋Severity 严重度Shot-peening 微粒冲击平面法Simple random sampling 简单随机取样Size 规格SL: Size Line 规格中心线Slip 滑动Stratified random sampling 分层随机抽样SOP: Standard Operation Procedure 标准作业书SPC: Statistical Process Control 统计制程管制Special cause 特殊原因Specification 规范SQA: Source(Supplier)Quality Assurance 供货商品质保证Stage sampling 分段随机抽样Standard Deviation 标准差Sum of squares 统计表supplier 平方和System 供方systematic sampling 系统,体系Statistical tables 系统抽样Taguchi-method 田口方法Technical committees 技术委员会Test piece 测试片Theory 原理Time stamp 时间戳印Time-lag 延迟Title 标题Torque 转矩Total 求和TQC: Total Quality Control 全面品质控制TQM: Total Quality Management 全面品质管理 Traceablity 追溯Training 培训Transaction processing and logging 交易处理 Trouble 困扰Up and down 上和下UCL: Upper Control Limit 管制上限 USL: Upper Size Limit 规格上限Validation 确认Variable 计量值Variance 变异和Vector 向量Verification 验证Version 版本VOC: voice of Customer 客户需求 VOE: Voice of Engineer 工程需求第五篇：品管中英文名词对照品管中英文名词对照Accuracy 准确度Active 主动Action 评价.处理Activity 活动Add 加Addition rule 加法运算规则Analysis Covariance 协方差分析Analysis of Variance 方差分析Appraisal Variation 评价变差Approved 承认 ASQC 美国质量学会 Attribute 计数值 Audit 审核Automatic database recovery 数据库错误自动回复Average 平均数 balance 平衡Balance sheet 资产负债对照表 Binomial 二项分配 Body 机构Brainstorming Techniques 脑力风暴法Business Systems Planning 企业系统规划 Cable 电缆 Capability 能力Cause and Effect matrix 因果图.鱼骨图Center line 中心线check 检查Check Sheets 检查表Chi-square Distribution 卡方分布Clutch spring 离合器弹簧Coining 压印加工 Common cause 共同原因 Complaint 投诉Compound factor 调合因素 Concept 新概念 Condenser 聚光镜 Conformity 合格 Connection 关联Consumer’s risk 消费者之风险 Control 控制Control characteristic 管制特性 Control chart 管制图 Control plan 管制计划 Correction 纠正Correlation Methods 相关分析法 Cost down 降低成本CPI: continuouse Process Improvement 连续工序改善Creep 渐变Cross Tabulation T ables 交叉表 CS: customer Sevice 客户中心Cushion 缓冲 Customer 顾客DSA: Defects Analysis System 缺陷分析系统 Data 数据Data Collection 数据收集Data concentrator 资料集中缓存器DCC: Document Control Center 文控中心 Decision 决策.判定Defects per unit 单位缺点数 Description 描述 Detection 难检度 Device 装置 Digital 数字 Do 执行DOE: Design of Experiments 实验设计 Element 元素 Else 否则Engineering recbnology 工程技术Entropy 函数Environmental 环境 Equipment 设备Estimated accumulative frequency 计算估计累计数EV: Equipment Variation 设备变异 Event 事件External Failure 外部失效,外部缺陷 FA: Failure Analysis 坏品分析 Fact control 事实管理 Fatique 疲劳FMEA: Failure Mode and Effect analysis 失效模式与效果分析FPY 合格率FQA: Final Quality Assurance 最终品质保证 FQC: Final Quality control 最终品质控制 Full-steer 完全转向 function 职能Gauge system 量测系统 Grade 等级 Gum-roll 橡皮滚筒 Health meter 体重计 Heat press 冲压粘着 Histogram 直方图 Hi-tech 高科技hypergeometric 超几何分配hysteresis 磁滞现象Improvement 改善Inductance 电感Information 信息 Initial review 先期审查 Inspection 检验Internal Failure 内部失效,内部缺陷IPQC: In Process Quality Control 制程品质控制IQC: Incomming Quality Control 来料品质控制ISO: International Organization for Standardization 国际标准组织Law of large number 大数法则 Link 连接LCL: Lower Control limit 管制下限 LQC: Line Quality Control 生产线品质控制LSL: Lower Size Limit 规格下限Machine 机械Manage 管理Materials 物料Measurement 量测Median 中位数Miss feed 漏送Module,sub-system,sub-unit 单位 Momentum 原动力Monte garlo method 原子核分裂热运动法MSA: Measurement System Analysis 量测系统分析Multiplication rule 乘法运算规则 NIST 美国:标准技术院 Normal 常态分布 Occurrence 发生率 On.off system 开,关系统Operation Instruction 作业指导书Organization 组织Parameter 参数 Parto 柏拉图 Parts 零件Parts per million 不良率 Passive 消极的,被动的 Plan 计划 Pulse 脉冲 Policy 方针 Population 群体 Power 力量,能源PQA: Process Quality Assurance 制程品质保证Practice 实务Precision 精密度preemptive 先占式多任务Pressure 压缩Prevention 预防Probability 机率Probability density function 机率密度函数Procedure 流程Process 过程Process capability analysis 制程能力分析图Process control and process capability 制程管制与制程能力Producer’s risk 生产者之风险Product 产品Production 生产Program 方案 Projects 项目QA: Quality Assurance 品质保证 QC: Quality Control 品质控制QE: Quality Engineering 品质工程QFD: Quality Function Desgin 品质机能展开 Quality 质量Quality manual 品质手册Quality policy 品质政策Randomexperiment 随机试验 Random numbers 随机数 Range 全距 Record 记录 Reflow 回流 Reject 拒收 Repair 返修Repeatusility 再现性 Reproducibility 再生性 Requirement 要求Residual 误差Response 响应Responsibilities 职责Review 评审Reword 返工 Robustness 稳健性 Rolled yield 直通率RPN: Risk Priority Number 风险系数 sample 抽样,样本 Sample space 样本空间Sampling with replacement 放回抽样Sampling without peplacement 不放回抽样Scatter diagram 散布图分析Scrap 报废Screw 螺旋Severity 严重度Shot-peening 微粒冲击平面法Simple random sampling 简单随机取样 Size 规格SL: Size Line 规格中心线 Slip 滑动Stratified random sampling 分层随机抽样SOP: Standard Operation Procedure 标准作业书 SPC: Statistical Process Control 统计制程管制 Special cause 特殊原因 Specification 规范SQA: Source(Supplier)Quality Assurance 供货商品质保证Stage sampling 分段随机抽样 Standard Deviation 标准差 Sum of squares 统计表 supplier 平方和 System 供方systematic sampling 系统,体系Statistical tables 系统抽样Taguchi-method 田口方法 Technical committees 技术委员会 Test piece 测试片 Theory 原理Time stamp 时间戳印Time-lag 延迟Title 标题Torque 转矩Total 求和TQC: T otal Quality Control 全面品质控制 TQM: Total Quality Management 全面品质管理 Traceablity 追溯 Training 培训Transaction processing and logging 交易处理 Trouble 困扰 Up and down 上和下UCL: Upper Control Limit 管制上限 USL: Upper Size Limit 规格上限 Validation 确认 Variable 计量值 Variance 变异和 Vector 向量Verification 验证 Version 版本VOC: voice of Customer 客户需求 VOE: Voice of Engineer 工程需求质量相关术语英中文对照IQC: incomming quality control 进料检验LQC: line quality control 生产线品质控制IPQC: inprocess quality control 制程品质控制FQC: final quality control 最终品质控制OQC: outgoing quality control 出货品质控制PQA: process quality control 制程品质保证FQA: final quality assurance 最终品质保证SQA: source(supplier)quality assurance 供应商品质保证DAS: defect analysis system 缺陷分析系统DCC: document control center 文控中心QCC: quality control circle 品管圈QA: quality assurance OR quality audit 品质保证品质稽核QC: quality control 品质控制QE: quality engineering 品质工程TRAINING: 培训ZD: zero defect 零缺陷FMEA: failure mode and effects analysis 潜在缺陷模式和影响分析FMA: failure mode analysis 故障模式分析FEA: failure effect analysis 故障效应分析FCA: failure criticality analysis 故障危害度分析FA: failure analysis 坏品分析 CS: customer service 客户服务CPI: continuous process improvement 连续工序改善DOE: design of experiment 实验设计SQC: statistical quality control 统计品质控制TQC: total quality control 全面品质控制CWQC: company-wide quality control 全公司品质管理GWQC: group-wide quality control 全集团品质管理PDCA: plan do check action 计划执行检查矫正AQL: acceptable quality level 允收水准(接收质量限)SOP: standard operation procedure 操作标准SIP: standard inspection procedure 检验标准IE: industrial research 工业工程MR: method research 方法研究OR: operation research 工作研究VE: value engineering 价值工程5W2H: what 做什么？有必要吗？ Why 为什么要做？目的在哪里？where 哪里做？没有更合适的地方吗？When 何时做？时间是否合适？Who 谁做？有没有更合适的人？How 如何做？有没有更好的方法？how much 需要的成本如何？4M1E: manpower 人员method 方法machine 机器material物料environment 环境。
铸造实用词汇(英文)
铸造实用词汇(英文)————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：21. charging mixture (配料)2. gas vent (通气孔)air vent (通气孔)3. alcohol base wash (酒精基涂模剂)4. alloy (合金)alloy cast iron (合金铸铁)5. anchor pin (定位销)6. annealing (退火)annealing furnace (退火炉)7. arc welding (电弧熔接)8. as cast (铸胚/毛胚铸件)9. atmospheric core / pencil core(砂心/ 增压/透气砂心)10. bath analysis (炉前分析)11. hand molding (手工造模)12. bending strength (抗弯强度)13. bending test (弯曲试验)14. binder (黏结剂)15. furan resin夫喃树脂16. blow hole / gas hole (气孔) 17. Brinell hardness (布氏硬度)18. brittleness (脆性)19. broken casting at gate / riser or vent(铸件破损)去除浇口, 冒口, 溢流口时, 一起将铸件主体部分也去除的破坏缺陷20. case hardening (表面硬化)21. pouring / pour / cast (浇铸/浇注)22. castability (铸造性)23. casting design / casting plan (铸造方案)24. cast iron / iron castings (铸铁)25. cavity (缩孔)26. ceramic core (陶瓷砂心)27. ceramic filter (陶瓷过滤片)28. ceramic tube (陶管)29. chaplet (砂心撑)30. chill (冷硬/冷激)31. chiller / densener (冷铁)32. chunky graphite (块状/短小石墨)33. clay (黏土)34. riser(冒口)35. coat/mold wash/facing material (涂料/涂模剂)36. washing / coating (涂模/上涂料)37. cold junction (冷接点)38. composites / composite material (复合材料)sand mill / sand mixer (混砂机)sand mixing (练砂)sand mold (砂模)39. contraction / shrinkage (收缩/缩孔/疏松)40. conveyor (输送机)41. core assemble (组合砂心)44. core box (砂心盒)45. core grid / rodding (砂心骨)46. core making machine (砂心机)47. lifting / raised mold / core raise (砂心上浮)48. core washing (砂心涂料)49. corrosion (腐蚀)50. crack (裂痕)=龟裂51. crystal (晶体)52. curing (硬化)53. cut (冲砂)=冲蚀354. metallic pattern (金属模)55. galvanizing (镀锌)56. dirt / scum / dross / slag (熔渣/ 浮渣/ 炉渣)57. sprue / down sprue / down gate (下浇道/ 竖浇道)58. draft (拔模斜度)59. drag (下模/下砂箱/下模箱)60. dressing / cleaning (上涂料/涂料/清理)61. electric furnace (电炉)62. electron microscope (电子显微镜)63. elongation (伸长/伸长率)64. etching solution/etching agent/etchingreagent (浸蚀液)65. open shrinkage / external shrinkage (外缩孔)66. ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron(肥粒体球状石墨铸铁)67. ferrite (肥粒铁)68. machining allowance / finishing allowance (加工余量)69. flake graphite cast iron (片状石墨铸铁) 70. flow chart (流程图)71. CE meter (热分析)72. full size /full dimension (全尺寸)73. graphitic carbon / graphite carbon (石墨碳)74. gray cast iron (灰口铸铁/普通铸铁/片状石墨铸铁)75. green sand mold (湿砂模)76. hardener / hardening agent (硬化剂)77. hardness test (硬度试验)78. high frequency electric induction furnace (高周波感应电炉)79. holding furnace (保温炉)80. impact test (冲击试验)81. Charpy impact test（夏比冲击试验）82. impact value (冲击值)83. indirect chiller (间接冷铁)84. inlet / pouring basin / pouring cup (浇杯)85. Inoculant (接种剂)86. Inoculation (接种)87. ladle（浇包/浇桶/铁水包）88. molding flask (砂箱)89. joint surface (合模面)90. keel block (Y型试块)91. knock-out / shake-out (清箱/开箱)92. low frequency induction furnace (低周波感应电炉)93. liquid penetrant testing (渗透探伤试验/PTtest)94. low temperature annealing (低温退火)95. magnetic powder test (MT/磁粉探伤)96. melting furnace (熔解炉)97. metal flask (金属砂箱)98. metallographic microscope (金相显微镜)99. metallography (金相学)100. parting line (分模线).101. parting plane（分割面）102. pattern (模型/模具)103. pattern coating (模型涂漆)104. pearlite (波来铁)105. burn on / sand burning (烧结/结砂)4106. pig iron (生铁)107. scrap steel (废钢)108. pin hole (针孔)109. pore (气孔)110. porosity (多孔性/气孔率)111. pouring rate (浇铸速度)112. pouring temperature (浇注温度)113. pouring time (浇注时间)114. pouring weight (浇注重量)115. quality control (质量管理)116. X-ray inspection / radiography (X线探伤) 117. rapping (起模)118. ratio of graphite spheroidization (球化率) 119. rejected castings (不良品)120. residual stress (残留应力/铸造应力) 121. roll over machine (翻转机)122. sag core (砂心下垂)123. sand blast (喷砂)124. sand inclusion (夹砂)125. short pours / short run (浇注不足) 126. shot blast (抛丸)127. shrinkage cavity (缩孔)128. shrinkage crack (缩裂)129. s lag off agent / slag disposal agent (除渣剂)130. s lag inclusion (夹渣)131. s olidification time (凝固时间)132. s pherodial graphite (球状石墨)133. s pheroidizing agent (球化剂)134. strength test (强度试验)135. stress concentration (应力集中)136. stress relief (应力消除)137. rough surface (表面粗糙)138. surface fold / gas run (皱皮/流缝/冷隔)139. surface roughness (表面粗糙度)140. surface treatment (表面处理)141. tensile strength (抗拉强度)142. tensile test (拉伸试验)143. test piece/test lug (试片)144. used sand (旧砂)145. working reference point (加工基准)146. Ultrasonic testing (UT/超声波检测)147. Gating system （浇注系统）148. test coupon （试棒）149. Non-destructive testing (NDT/非破坏性测试)150. Visual inspection (VT/目测)151. rough machining (粗加工)152. finishing machining（精加工）153. Non conformity report (NCR 不符合报告)154. Corrective action report (改善措施报告)155. solidification simulation (凝固模拟)5。
材料性能参数中英文对照
材料性能中英文对照物理性能Physical properties机械性能Mechanical properties 热性能Thermal properties难燃性Flame retardance玻纤含量Glass Fiber Content比重Specific gravity抗张性Tensile properties弯曲性Flexural properties IZOD 缺口冲击强度IZOD impact value热变形温度Deflection temperatureunder load拉伸强度Tensile strength断裂伸长率Elongation at break熔融指数Melt flow rate弯曲强度Flexural strength弯曲弹性率/摸量Flexural modulus测试项目Properties item测试条件Test condition测试方法Test method测试数值Test method单位Unites吸水率Water Absorption全光线透射率Light Transmittance雾度Haze折射率Refractive Index抗拉强度Resistance strength伸长率Tensility拉伸弹性率Tensile flexibility弯曲弹性模量Curve flexibility module 悬臂梁式冲击强度Izod impact strength ofunnotched specimens洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness表面电阻系数Surface Resistivity体积电阻系数Volume Resistivity绝缘击穿强度Dielectric Strength介电常数Dielectric Constant介质衰耗因数Dissipation Factor维卡软化温度Vicat Softening Poin比热Specific heat线膨胀系数Coefficient of LinearThermal Expansion。
（完整版）流体力学常用名词中英文对照
（完整版）流体力学常用名词中英文对照流体力学常用名词流体动力学fluid dynamics 连续介质力学mechanics of continuous 介质medium 流体质点fluid particle 无粘性流体nonviscous fluid, inviscid 连续介质假设continuous medium hypothesis 流体运动学fluid kinematics 水静力学hydrostatics 液体静力学hydrostatics 支配方程governing equation 伯努利方程Bernoulli equation 伯努利定理Bernonlli theorem 毕奥- 萨伐尔定律Biot-Savart law 欧拉方程Euler equation 亥姆霍兹定理Helmholtz theorem 开尔文定理Kelvin theorem 涡片vortex sheet 库塔- 茹可夫斯基条件Kutta-Zhoukowski condition 布拉休斯解Blasius solution 达朗贝尔佯廖d'Alembert paradox 雷诺数Reynolds number 施特鲁哈尔数Strouhal number 随体导数material derivative 不可压缩流体incompressible fluid 质量守恒conservation of mass 动量守恒conservation of momentum 能量守恒conservation of energy 动量方程momentum equation 能量方程energy equation 控制体积control volume 液体静压hydrostatic pressure 涡量拟能enstrophy 压差differential pressure 流［动］flow 流线stream line 流面stream surface 流管stream tube 迹线path, path line 流场flow field 流态flow regime 流动参量flow parameter 流量flow rate, flow discharge 涡旋vortex 涡量vorticity 涡丝vortex filament 涡线vortex line 涡面vortex surface 涡层vortex layer 涡环vortex ring 涡对vortex pair 涡管vortex tube 涡街vortex street 卡门涡街Karman vortex street 马蹄涡horseshoe vortex 对流涡胞convective cell 卷筒涡胞roll cell 涡eddy 涡粘性eddy viscosity 环流circulation 环量circulation 速度环量velocity circulation 偶极子doublet, dipole 驻点stagnation point 总压[ 力] total pressure 总压头total head 静压头static head 总焓total enthalpy 能量输运energy transport 速度剖面velocity profile 库埃特流Couette flow 单相流single phase flow 单组份流single-component flow 均匀流uniform flow 非均匀流nonuniform flow 二维流two-dimensional flow 三维流three-dimensional flow 准定常流quasi-steady flow 非定常流unsteady flow, non-steady flow 暂态流transient flow 周期流periodic flow 振荡流oscillatory flow 分层流stratified flow 无旋流irrotational flow 有旋流rotational flow 轴对称流axisymmetric flow 不可压缩性incompressibility 不可压缩流[动] incompressible flow 浮体floating body 定倾中心metacenter 阻力drag, resistance 减阻drag reduction 表面力surface force 表面张力surface tension 毛细[ 管]作用capillarity 来流incoming flow 自由流free stream 自由流线free stream line 外流external flow 进口entrance, inlet 出口exit, outlet 扰动disturbance, perturbation 分布distribution 传播propagation 色散dispersion 弥散dispersion 附加质量added mass ,associated mass 收缩contraction 镜象法image method 无量纲参数dimensionless parameter 几何相似geometric similarity 运动相似kinematic similarity 动力相似[ 性] dynamic similarity 平面流plane flow 势potential 势流potential flow 速度势velocity potential 复势complex potential 复速度complex velocity 流函数stream function 源source 汇sink 速度[ 水] 头velocity head 拐角流corner flow 空泡流cavity flow 超空泡supercavity 超空泡流supercavity flow 空气动力学aerodynamics 低速空气动力学low-speed aerodynamics 高速空气动力学high-speed aerodynamics 气动热力学aerothermodynamics 亚声速流[ 动] subsonic flow 跨声速流[ 动] transonic flow 超声速流[ 动] supersonic flow 锥形流conical flow 楔流wedge flow 叶栅流cascade flow 非平衡流[ 动] non-equilibrium flow 细长体slender body 细长度slenderness 钝头体bluff body 钝体blunt body 翼型airfoil 翼弦chord 薄翼理论thin-airfoil theory 构型configuration 后缘trailing edge 迎角angle of attack 失速stall 脱体激波detached shock wave 波阻wave drag 诱导阻力induced drag 诱导速度induced velocity 临界雷诺数critical Reynolds number 前缘涡leading edge vortex 附着涡bound vortex 约束涡confined vortex 气动中心aerodynamic center 气动力aerodynamic force 气动噪声aerodynamic noise 气动加热aerodynamic heating 离解dissociation 地面效应ground effect 气体动力学gas dynamics 稀疏波rarefaction wave 热状态方程thermal equation of state 喷管Nozzle 普朗特- 迈耶流Prandtl-Meyer flow 瑞利流Rayleigh flow 可压缩流[ 动] compressible flow 可压缩流体compressible fluid 绝热流adiabatic flow 非绝热流diabatic flow 未扰动流undisturbed flow 等熵流isentropic flow 匀熵流homoentropic flow 兰金- 于戈尼奥条件Rankine-Hugoniot condition 状态方程equation of state 量热状态方程caloric equation of state 完全气体perfect gas 拉瓦尔喷管Laval nozzle 马赫角Mach angle 马赫锥Mach cone 马赫线Mach line 马赫数Mach number 马赫波Mach wave 当地马赫数local Mach number 冲击波shock wave 激波shock wave 正激波normal shock wave 斜激波oblique shock wave 头波bow wave 附体激波attached shock wave 激波阵面shock front 激波层shock layer 压缩波compression wave 反射reflection 折射refraction 散射scattering 衍射diffraction 绕射diffraction 出口压力exit pressure 超压[ 强] over pressure 反压back pressure 爆炸explosion 爆轰detonation 缓燃deflagration 水动力学hydrodynamics 液体动力学hydrodynamics 泰勒不稳定性Taylor instability盖斯特纳波Gerstner wave 斯托克斯波Stokes wave 瑞利数Rayleigh number 自由面free surface 波速wave speed, wave velocity 波高wave height 波列wave train 波群wave group 波能wave energy 表面波surface wave表面张力波capillary wave 规则波regular wave 不规则波irregular wave 浅水波shallow water wave 深水波deep water wave 重力波gravity wave 椭圆余弦波cnoidal wave 潮波tidal wave 涌波surge wave 破碎波breaking wave 船波ship wave 非线性波nonlinear wave 孤立子soliton 水动［力］噪声hydrodynamic noise 水击water hammer 空化cavitation 空化数cavitation number 空蚀cavitation damage 超空化流supercavitating flow 水翼hydrofoil 水力学hydraulics 洪水波flood wave 涟漪ripple 消能energy dissipation 海洋水动力学marine hydrodynamics 谢齐公式Chezy formula 欧拉数Euler number 弗劳德数Froude number 水力半径hydraulic radius 水力坡度hvdraulic slope 高度水头elevating head 水头损失head loss 水位water level 水跃hydraulic jump 含水层aquifer 排水drainage 排放量discharge 壅水曲线back water curve 压［强水］头pressure head 过水断面flow cross-section 明槽流open channel flow 孔流orifice flow 无压流free surface flow 有压流pressure flow 缓流subcritical flow急流supercritical flow 渐变流gradually varied flow 急变流rapidly varied flow 临界流critical flow 异重流density current, gravity flow 堰流weir flow 掺气流aerated flow 含沙流sediment-laden stream 降水曲线dropdown curve 沉积物sediment, deposit 沉［降堆］积sedimentation, deposition 沉降速度settling velocity 流动稳定性flow stability 不稳定性instability 奥尔- 索末菲方程Orr-Sommerfeld equation 涡量方程vorticity equation 泊肃叶流Poiseuille flow 奥辛流Oseen flow 剪切流shear flow 粘性流［动］viscous flow 层流laminar flow 分离流separated flow 二次流secondary flow 近场流near field flow 远场流far field flow 滞止流stagnation flow 尾流wake ［flow］回流back flow 反流reverse flow 射流jet 自由射流free jet 管流pipe flow, tube flow 内流internal flow 拟序结构coherent structure 猝发过程bursting process 表观粘度apparent viscosity 运动粘性kinematic viscosity 动力粘性dynamic viscosity 泊poise 厘泊centipoise 厘沱centistoke 剪切层shear layer 次层sublayer流动分离flow separation 层流分离laminar separation 湍流分离turbulent separation 分离点separation point 附着点attachment point 再附reattachment 再层流化relaminarization 起动涡starting vortex 驻涡standing vortex 涡旋破碎vortex breakdown 涡旋脱落vortex shedding 压［力］降pressure drop 压差阻力pressure drag 压力能pressureenergy 型阻profile drag 滑移速度slip velocity 无滑移条件non-slip condition 壁剪应力skin friction, frictional drag 壁剪切速度friction velocity 磨擦损失friction loss 磨擦因子friction factor 耗散dissipation 滞后lag 相似性解similar solution 局域相似local similarity 气体润滑gas lubrication 液体动力润滑hydrodynamic lubrication 浆体slurry 泰勒数Taylor number 纳维- 斯托克斯方程Navier-Stokes equation 牛顿流体Newtonian fluid 边界层理论boundary later theory 边界层方程boundary layer equation 边界层boundary layer 附面层boundary layer 层流边界层laminar boundary layer 湍流边界层turbulent boundary layer 温度边界层thermal boundary layer 边界层转捩boundary layer transition 边界层分离boundary layer separation 边界层厚度boundary layer thickness 位移厚度displacement thickness 动量厚度momentum thickness 能量厚度energy thickness 焓厚度enthalpy thickness 注入injection 吸出suction 泰勒涡Taylor vortex 速度亏损律velocity defect law 形状因子shape factor 测速法anemometry 粘度测定法visco[si] metry 流动显示flow visualization 油烟显示oil smoke visualization 孔板流量计orifice meter 频率响应frequency response 油膜显示oil film visualization 阴影法shadow method 纹影法schlieren method 烟丝法smoke wire method 丝线法tuft method 说明氢泡法nydrogen bubble method 相似理论similarity theory 相似律similarity law 部分相似partial similarity 定理pitheorem, Buckingham theorem 静[态]校准static calibration 动态校准dynamic calibration 风洞wind tunnel 激波管shock tube 激波管风洞shock tube wind tunnel 水洞water tunnel 拖曳水池towing tank 旋臂水池rotating arm basin 扩散段diffuser 测压孔pressure tap 皮托管pitot tube 普雷斯顿管preston tube 斯坦顿管Stanton tube 文丘里管Venturi tube U 形管U-tube 压强计manometer 微压计micromanometer 多管压强计multiple manometer 静压管static [pressure]tube 流速计anemometer 风速管Pitot- static tube 激光多普勒测速计laser Doppler anemometer ,laser Doppler velocimeter 热线流速计hot-wire anemometer 热膜流速计hot- film anemometer 流量计flow meter 粘度计visco[si] meter 涡量计vorticity meter 传感器transducer , sensor 压强传感器pressure transducer 热敏电阻thermistor 示踪物tracer 时间线time line 脉线streak line 尺度效应scale effect 壁效应wall effect 堵塞blockage 堵寒效应blockage effect 动态响应dynamic response 响应频率response frequency 底压base pressure 菲克定律Fick law 巴塞特力Basset force 埃克特数Eckert number 格拉斯霍夫数Grashof number 努塞特数Nusselt number 普朗特数prandtl number 雷诺比拟Reynolds analogy 施密特数schmidt number 斯坦顿数Stanton number 对流convection 自由对流naturalconvection, free convec-tion 强迫对流forced convection 热对流heat convection 质量传递mass transfer 传质系数mass transfer coefficient 热量传递heat transfer 传热系数heat transfer coefficient 对流传热convective heat transfer 辐射传热radiative heat transfer 动量交换momentum transfer 能量传递energy transfer 传导conduction 热传导conductive heat transfer 热交换heat exchange 临界热通量critical heat flux 浓度concentration扩散diffusion 扩散性diffusivity 扩散率diffusivity 扩散速度diffusionvelocity 分子扩散molecular diffusion 沸腾boiling 蒸发evaporation 气化gasification 凝结condensation 成核nucleation 计算流体力学computational fluid mechanics 多重尺度问题multiple scale problem 伯格斯方程Burgers equation 对流扩散方程convection diffusion equationKDU 方程KDV equation 修正微分方程modified differential equation 拉克斯等价定理Lax equivalence theorem 数值模拟numerical simulation 大涡模拟large eddy simulation 数值粘性numerical viscosity 非线性不稳定性nonlinear instability 希尔特稳定性分析Hirt stability analysis 相容条件consistency condition CFL 条件Courant- Friedrichs- Lewy condition ,CFL condition 狄里克雷边界条件Dirichlet boundary condition 熵条件entropy condition 远场边界条件far field boundary condition 流入边界条件inflow boundary condition 无反射边界条件nonreflecting boundary condition 数值边界条件numerical boundary condition 流出边界条件outflow boundary condition 冯. 诺伊曼条件von Neumann condition 近似因子分解法approximate factorization method 人工压缩artificial compression 人工粘性artificial viscosity 边界元法boundary element method 配置方法collocation method 能量法energy method 有限体积法finite volume method 流体网格法fluid in cell method,FLIC method 通量校正传输法flux-corrected transport method 通量矢量分解法flux vector splitting method 伽辽金法Galerkin method 积分方法integral method标记网格法marker and cell method, MAC method 特征线法method ofcharacteristics 直线法method of lines 矩量法moment method 多重网格法multi- grid method 板块法panel method 质点网格法particle incell method, PIC method 质点法particle method 预估校正法predictor-corrector method 投影法projection method 准谱法pseudo-spectral method 随机选取法random choice method 激波捕捉法shock-capturing method 激波拟合法shock-fitting method 谱方法spectral method 稀疏矩阵分解法split coefficient matrix method 不定常法time-dependent method 时间分步法time splitting method 变分法variational method 涡方法vortex method 隐格式implicit scheme 显格式explicit scheme 交替方向隐格式alternating direction implicit scheme, ADI scheme 反扩散差分格式anti-diffusion difference scheme 紧差分格式compact difference scheme 守恒差分格式conservation difference scheme 克兰克- 尼科尔森格式Crank-Nicolson scheme 杜福特- 弗兰克尔格式Dufort-Frankel scheme 指数格式exponential scheme 戈本诺夫格式Godunov scheme 高分辨率格式high resolution scheme 拉克斯- 温德罗夫格式Lax-Wendroff scheme 蛙跳格式leap-frogscheme 单调差分格式monotone difference scheme 保单调差分格式monotonicity preserving diffe-rence scheme 穆曼- 科尔格式Murman-Cole scheme 半隐格式semi-implicit scheme 斜迎风格式skew-upstream scheme 全变差下降格式total variation decreasing scheme TVD scheme 迎风格式upstream scheme , upwind scheme 计算区域computational domain 物理区域physical domain 影响域domain of influence 依赖域domain of dependence区域分解domain decomposition 维数分解dimensional split 物理解physical solution 弱解weak solution 黎曼解算子Riemann solver 守恒型conservation form 弱守恒型weak conservation form强守恒型strong conservation form 散度型divergence form 贴体曲线坐标body-fitted curvilinear coordi-nates [ 自] 适应网格[self-] adaptive mesh 适应网格生成adaptive grid generation 自动网格生成automatic gridgeneration 数值网格生成numerical grid generation 交错网格staggered mesh 网格雷诺数cell Reynolds number 数植扩散numericaldiffusion 数值耗散numerical dissipation 数值色散numerical dispersion 数值通量numerical flux 放大因子amplification factor 放大矩阵amplification matrix 阻尼误差damping error 离散涡discrete vortex 熵通量entropy flux 熵函数entropy function 分步法fractional step method。
铸造术语--中英文对照
一、基本术语1。
铸造：casting , founding ，foundry2.砂型铸造: Sand casting process3.特种铸造：Special casting process4。
铸件: casting5。
毛坯铸件：Rough casting6.砂型铸件：Sand casting7.试制铸件：Pilot casting8.铸态铸件：as-cast casting9。
铸型［型]：mold10。
铸造工艺：Casting process, foundry technology11.铸造用材料: Foundry materials12.铸造工艺材料：Consumable materials13。
铸造设备：Foundry equipment，foundry facilities14.铸工：Caster，founder, foundry worker15.铸造工作者: foundryman16。
铸造车间: Foundry shop17.铸造厂：Foundry18。
铸造分厂：Attached foundry, captive foundry, tied foundry 19.铸造三废: Foundry affluent20。
一批： A batch21。
一炉： A cast，a heat，a melt22.铸焊: Cast welding，flow welding23。
铸锭：ingot二、铸造合金及熔炼、浇注2。
1铸造合金基础术语1。
铸造合金: Cast alloy2。
共晶合金系: Eutectic alloy system3。
共晶合金: Eutectic alloy4.亚共晶合金：Hypoeutectic alloy5。
过共晶合金：Hypereutectic alloy6。
共晶团：Eutectic cell7.共晶温度: Eutectic temperature8.共晶转变：Eutectic reaction, eutectic transformation 9。
作物种子学专业名词中英文对照
作物种子学专业名词中英文对照中文英文氨基酸Amino acid暗发芽Dark-germination白熟期White ripe stage半活期Half-living period半纤维素Hemicellulose伴胞Companion cell苞片苞叶Bract胞质分裂Cytokinesis Plasmodieresis饱和湿度Saturation humidity保卫细胞Guard cell不发育的胚Rudimentary embryo不健全的种子Unsound seed不良种子Bad seed不实年度Off year不透水性的种子Impermeable seed不育种子Sterile seed infertile seed不正常苗Abnormal seedling层积处理Stratification长寿种子Macrobiotic seeds超低温保存Cryopreservation超干贮藏Ultra-dry storage成苗率Stand establishment percentage成熟Maturation成熟期Maturation phase Maturation period赤霉素Gibberellin赤霉酸Gibberellic acid GA翅果Samara虫蛀种子Worn-eaten seed出土型发芽Epigeous germination传递细胞Transfer cell传统型种子Orthodox seed雌蕊Pistil次生休眠Secondary dormancy代谢蛋白Metabolic protein单性生殖Parthenogenesis蛋白质体Protein body Aleuroplast蛋白质Protein蛋白质种子Protein seed电导率测定Electrical conductivity test淀粉Starch淀粉粒Starch grain淀粉胚乳Starchy endosperm豆球蛋白Legumin短命种子Microbiotic seeds盾片Scutellum Scutel多核体多核细胞Coenocyte多胚现象Polyembryonia Polyembryony萼片Sepal发芽Germination发芽高峰值Peak value发芽口Micropyle发芽力Germination power Germinating ability 发芽率Germinating percentage发芽势Germinating energy Germinative energy 发芽速率Germinative rate发芽抑制剂Germination inhibitor发芽值Germinative value发芽指数Germinative index非需光的种子Non light-requiring seeds分果Schizocarp粉质种子Starch seed复果聚花果Multiple fruit腹白Abdominal white腹沟Crease高尔基体Dictyosome谷醇溶蛋白Prolamine谷蛋白Glutelin冠毛茸毛Pappus光促进萌发的种子Light promoted seeds光媒介发芽Light-mediated germination光抑制发芽的种子Light-inhibited seeds果胶Pectin果皮Fruit coats Pericarp果脐Fruit navel果实Fruit果糖Fructose合点Chalaza合子Zygote核果Drupe核膜Nuclear membrane Nuclear envelope核仁Nucleolus Nucleole核糖体Ribosome核型Nuclear type褐熟期Brown ripe stage后熟After-ripening After mature 糊粉Aleurone糊粉层Aleurone layer糊粉粒Aleurone grain护颖颖片Glume花Flower花瓣Petal花被Perianth floral envelope花萼Calyx花粉Pollen花粉管Pollen tube花粉粒Pollen grain花粉囊Pollen sac花冠Corolla花管Floral tube花色素Anthocyanidin花色素苷花青苷Anthocyanin花丝Filament花托Receptacle花药Anther花柱Style黄熟期Yellow ripe stage活力Vigour活力指数Vigour index活种子Viable seed激动素Kinetin极核Polar nucleus忌光性种子Heliophobous seeds加速老化测定Accelerated aging test加速老化法Accelerated aging荚果Legume假发芽False germination假果False fruit假核果False drupe假种皮Aril坚果Nut角质Cutin结构蛋白Structural protein结果率Fruit bearing percentage结果实Bearing结实年份Crop year bearing year结实周期Periodicity of seed bearing 结种子Seed setting结籽实率Seed setting percentage聚合果Aggregate fruit绝对湿度Absolute humidity开花花开期Anthesis空粒Blind seed empty seed控制劣变测定Controlled deterioration test枯熟期Dead ripe stage蜡熟期Waxy ripe stage老化Aging老化的种子陈种子Aged seed Old seed离体胚休眠Dormancy of excised embryos劣变Deterioration临界水分Critical water content磷脂Phosphatide绿熟期Green ripe stage麦醇溶蛋白Gliadin麦谷蛋白Glutenin麦芽糖Maltose芒Awn酶Enzyme萌动Protrusion萌发Sprouting萌发迟缓Postponing germination Delayed germination 萌发过程Germination process萌发过程中的种子Germinating seed萌发孔Germination aperture萌发抑制物Germination inhibitor面筋Gluten明线Light line膜的完整性Intactness of membrane膜损伤Membrane damage母细胞Mother cell内稃Palea内果皮Endocarp内胚乳Endosperm内脐合点Chalaza内种皮Endopleura耐藏潜力Storage potential耐藏性Storability能发芽的种子Germinable seed能荷Energy charge EC农业种子Agriculture seeds 胚Embryo胚柄Suspensor胚根Radicle胚根鞘Coleorhiza胚根原细胞Hypophysis胚囊Embryo sac Embryonic sac胚乳Endosperm胚胎发生Embryogenesis embryogeny胚休眠Dormancy of embryoEmbryo dormancy 胚芽Plumula embryo bud embryonic bud胚芽鞘Coleoptile胚中轴Embryonic axis胚珠Ovule胚状体Embryoid品种纯度Purity of variety平衡水分Equilibrium moisture content葡萄糖Glucose脐褥Callus funicularis脐条Raphe强迫休眠Enforced dormancy Stressful dormancy 清蛋白白蛋白Albumin球蛋白Globulin球果Cone Strobile全熟的种子Fully ripened seed染色体Chromosome染色体畸变Chromosome aberration人工胚乳Artificial endosperm人工种皮Artificial seed coat人工种子Artificial seed人工贮藏Artificial storage稔实度Seed setting rate日平均发芽量Mean daily germination MDG日平均发芽率Mean day’s germination绒毛Hair乳熟期Milk ripening stage上胚轴Epicotyl上胚轴休眠Epicotyl dormancy上皮细胞Epithelium上位式Epigyny渗透调节Osmotic conditioning生长素Indoleacetic acid生活力Viability生理成熟Physiological ripening生理休眠Physiological dormancy实用发芽率Practical germination percentage寿命Longevity Life span受精作用Fertilization受伤害的种子Damaged seed瘦果Achene束缚水Bound water衰老Aging Senescence双受精Double fertilization双重休眠Double dormancy水合—脱水Rehydration-dehydration 死种子Dead seed四唑测定Tetrazolium test糖类Carbohydrate体细胞胚Somatic embryo天然贮藏Storage in nature田间出苗Field emergene脱落酸Abscisic acid ABA脱水素Dehydrin外稃Lemma外果皮Exocarp外胚乳Perisperm外胚叶Epiblast外颖Outer glume外源凝集素Lectin外种皮Testa豌豆球蛋白Vicilin丸化Pelleting完全花Complete flower完熟期Full ripe stage顽拗型种子Recalcitrant seed维生素Vitamin未成熟胚Immature embryo未熟粒Immature seed无胚乳种子Exalbuminous seed无胚种子Embryoless seed无氧呼吸Anaerobic respiration吸附性Absorbability吸湿性Hygroscopicity吸胀Imbibition吸胀冷害Imbibition chilling injury 吸胀速率Rate of imbibition细胞Cell细胞板Cell plate细胞壁Cell wall细胞分裂素Cytokinin细胞核Cell nucleus细胞间质Intercellular substance细胞膜Cell membrane细胞器Cell Organelle Cell organ细胞型指胚乳Cellular type细胞质Cytoplasm下胚轴Hypocotyl下胚轴休眠Hypocotyl dormancy下位式Hypogyny纤维素Cellulose酰胺Amide线粒体Mitochondrion相对湿度Relative humidity小坚果Nutlet小穗Spikelet小穗轴Rachilla Rhachilla雄蕊Stamen pl. Stamina休眠期Dormancy stage Dormant period 需光种子Light-requiring seeds延迟发芽的种子Sluggish seed delayed seed衍生细胞Derivative cell胰蛋白酶抑制剂Trypsin inhibitor乙烯Ethylene颖果Caryopsis Grain硬实种子Hard seed油脂酸败Rancidity油质种子Oil seed有胚乳种子Albuminous seed有色体Chromoplast有丝分裂Karyokinesis有氧呼吸Aerobic respiration幼苗活力分级法Seedling vigor classification幼苗评价Seedling evaluation诱导休眠Induced dormancy原初休眠Primary dormancy原胚Proembryo Primary embryo原始生活力Primary viability原始细胞Initial cell原种Basic seed沼生目型指胚乳Helobial type蔗糖Sucrose真空贮藏Vacuum storage整齐度、均匀性Uniformity正常苗Normal seedling支链淀粉Starch branching脂肪Oil脂肪酸Fatty acid脂肪体Lipid body直链淀粉Amylose植物激素Phytohormone Plant hormone 纸间发芽法Between paper BP纸上发芽法Top of paper TP中果皮Mesocarp中间细胞Intermediate cell中间型种子Middle seed中胚轴Mesocotyl中寿种子Mesobiotic seeds种被休眠Coat imposed dormancy种柄Seed stalk Seed-pedicels种翅Seed wing种阜Caruncle Strophiole种苗活力Seed and seedling vigour种苗评价测定法Seedling evaluation test种苗生长测定Seedling growth test种胚Embryo种皮Seed coat种脐Hilum Pl. hila种衣剂Seed coating formulation种质库Germplasm bank种质资源Germplasm resources种子Seed种子包衣Seed coating种子包装Seed package种子保存Seed preservation种子标准化Seed standardization种子处理Seed treatment种子带Seed tapes种子的结露Seed dewfall种子发芽Germination of seed种子发芽力Seed germinability种子发芽潜力Seed germination potential种子干燥Seed drying种子工程Seed engineering种子呼吸Seed respiration种子活力Seed vigour种子精选Seed choice种子生活力Seed viability Viability of seeds 种子生理Physiology of seeds种子生理学Seed Physiology种子生命力Seed Vitality Vitality of Seeds 种子生物学Seed Biology种子毯Seed mats种子丸Seed pellets种子微生物Microorganism of seed种子休眠Seed dormancy种子学Seed Science种子真实性Genuineness of seed种子质量Seed quality种子贮藏Seed storage皱粒Shriveled seed Wrinkle seed 珠被Integument Integumentum 珠孔Micropyle珠心Nucellus Nucella主要贮藏蛋白质Major storage protein柱头Stigma子房Ovary子叶Cotyledon自由水Free water最终发芽率Final germination percentage。
铸造术语 中英文对照
一、基本术语1.铸造： casting , founding , foundry2.砂型铸造： Sand casting process3.特种铸造： Special casting process4.铸件： casting5.毛坯铸件： Rough casting6.砂型铸件： Sand casting7.试制铸件： Pilot casting8.铸态铸件： as-cast casting9.铸型[型]： mold10.铸造工艺： Casting process, foundry technology11.铸造用材料： Foundry materials12.铸造工艺材料： Consumable materials13.铸造设备： Foundry equipment, foundry facilities14.铸工： Caster, founder, foundry worker15.铸造工作者： foundryman16.铸造车间： Foundry shop17.铸造厂： Foundry18.铸造分厂： Attached foundry, captive foundry, tied foundry19.铸造三废： Foundry affluent20.一批： A batch21.一炉： A cast, a heat, a melt22.铸焊： Cast welding, flow welding23.铸锭： ingot二、铸造合金及熔炼、浇注2.1铸造合金基础术语1.铸造合金： Cast alloy2.共晶合金系： Eutectic alloy system3.共晶合金： Eutectic alloy4.亚共晶合金： Hypoeutectic alloy5.过共晶合金： Hypereutectic alloy6.共晶团： Eutectic cell7.共晶温度： Eutectic temperature8.共晶转变：Eutectic reaction, eutectic transformation9.共晶组织： Eutectic structure10.铸造复合材料： Cast composite11.定向共晶复合材料： Directional eutectic composite12.非晶态合金： noncrystalline alloy13.合金元素： Alloying element14.杂质合金： Tramp element15.合金遗传性： Alloy heredity16.铸态组织： As-cast structure17.铁碳相图： iron-carbon phase diagram18.碳化物： Carbide19.渗碳物： cementite20.碳化物形成元素： Carbide forming element21.单铸试块： Separated test bar of casting22.附铸试块： test lug23.本体试样： Test specimen from casting itself24.过热： Superheating25.过冷： supercooling, undercooling26.成分过冷： constitutional supercooling27.过冷度： degree of undercooling28.加热相变点[Ac相变点]： Ac transformation temperature29.冷却相变点[Ar相变点]： Ar transformation temperature30.结晶： Crystallization31.形核[成核]： Nucleation32.均质形核[自发形核]： Homogeneous nucleation33.非均质形核[非自发形核]： Heterogeneous nucleation34.动力形核： Dynamic nucleation35.大冲击形核： Big bang nucleation36.形核剂： nucleant37.形核率： Nucleation rate38.成长： Growth39.内生生长： Endogenous growth40.外生生长： Exogenous growth41.共生生长： Coupled growth42.小平面型生长： Faceted growth43.非小平面生长： nonfaceted growth44.晶体生长界面[界面]： Growth interface of crystal, interface45.吸气（金属）： Gas absorption (metal)2.2铸钢1.铸钢： Cast steel2.铸造碳钢： Carbon cast steel3.铸造合金钢： Alloy cast steel4.低合金铸钢： Low alloy cast steel5.微量合金化铸钢： Micro-alloying cast steel, trace alloying cast steel6.铁素体铸钢： ferritic cast steel7.奥氏体铸钢： Austenitic cast steel8.不锈钢： Stainless steel9.无磁性铸钢： Non-magnetic cast steel10.高锰钢： Austenitic manganese steel, high manganese steel11.高强度铸钢： High strength cast steel12.超高强度铸钢： Ultra high strength cast steel13.耐磨铸钢： Wear resisting cast steel14.耐热铸钢： Heat resisting cast steel15.耐蚀铸钢： Corrosion resisting cast steel16.石墨钢： Graphitic steel17.铸钢锚链钢： Cast steel for chain cables2.3铸铁1.铸铁： Cast iron2.合成铸铁： Synthetic cast iron3.共晶铸铁： Eutectic cast iron4.亚共晶铸铁： Hypoeutectic cast iron5.过共晶铸铁： Hypereutectic cast iron6.灰铸铁[片墨铸铁]： Flake graphite cast iron, gray cast iron7.球墨铸铁[球铁]： ductile iron, nodular graphite iron,spheroidal graphite cast iron8.高韧性球墨铸铁： High ductility nodular graphite iron9.中锰球墨铸铁： Medium manganese ductile iron10.中硅球墨铸铁： Medium silicon nodular iron11.可锻铸铁[马铁]： Malleable cast iron12.白心可锻铸铁： White heart malleable cast iron13.黑心可锻铸铁： Black heart malleable cast iron14.花心可锻铸铁： partially graphitized makkeable cast iron15.铁素体可锻铸铁： ferritic malleable cast iron16.珠光体可锻铸铁： pearlitic malleable cast iron17.球墨可锻铸铁： spheroidal graphite malleable cast iron18.蠕墨铸铁[蠕铁，紧密石墨铁]： Vermicular graphite cast iron, compactedgraphite cast iron19.白口铸铁： White cast iron20.麻口铸铁： Mottled cast iron21.奥氏体铸铁： Austenitic cast iron22.贝氏体铸铁： bainitic cast iron23.贝氏体球墨铸铁： bainitic ductile cast iron, austferriticductile cast iron24.等温热处理球墨铸铁： austempered ductile iron, ADI25.贝氏体白口铸铁： bainitic white cast iron26.针状铸铁： Acicular cast iron27.马氏体铸铁： martensitic cast iron28.铁素体铸铁： ferritic cast iron29.珠光体铸铁： pearlitic cast iron30.索氏体铸铁： sorbitic cast iron31.合金铸铁： Alloy cast iron32.低合金铸铁： Low alloy cast iron33.铬铸铁： Chromium cast iron34.高铬铸铁： High chromium cast iron35.高硅铸铁： High silicon cast iron36.中硅铸铁： Medium silicon cast iron37.高磷铸铁： High phosphorus cast iron38.铝铸铁： Aluminum cast iron39.高铝铸铁： High aluminum cast iron40.镍铸铁： Nickel cast iron41.硼铸铁： Boron cast iron42.高级铸铁： High grade cast iron43.高强度铸铁： High duty cast iron, high strength castiron44.工程铸铁： Engineering cast iron45.特种铸铁： Special cast iron46.抗磨铸铁： Abrasion resistant cast iron47.冷硬铸铁[激冷铸铁]： Chilled cast iron48.耐磨铸铁： Wear resisting cast iron49.耐热铸铁： Heat resisting cast iron50.耐蚀铸铁： Corrosion resistant cast iron51.耐酸铸铁： Acid resisting cast iron52.密烘铸铁： Meehanite cast iron53.孕育铸铁： Inoculated cast iron54.总碳量： Total carbon55.碳当量： Carbon equivalent56.碳当量仪： eutectometer57.共晶度： Carbon saturation degree58.硅碳比： Silicon-carbon ratio59.锰硫比： manganese-sulphur ratio60.铸铁石墨形态： Graphite morphology of cast iron61.片状石墨[片墨]： Flake graphite62.球状石墨[球墨]： Nodular graphite, spheroidal carbon63.絮团状石墨[退火t]： Temper graphite, annealing carbon64.团絮石墨： quasi-spheroidal temper graphite65.蠕虫状石墨[蠕墨、紧密石墨]： Compacted graphite, vermicular graphite66.开花状石墨： Exploded graphite67.初生石墨： Primary graphite68.过冷石墨： undercooled graphite69.共晶石墨： Eutectic graphite70.共晶碳化物： Eutectic carbide71.游离碳： Free carbon72.石墨化： graphitizing73.石墨退火化： graphitizing annealing74.石墨化度： graphitizing grade75.石墨化因子： graphitizing factor76.石墨面积率： Percentage of graphite area77.阻碍石墨化元素： hindered graphitizing element78.墨化剂： graphitizer79.石墨球化处理[球化处理]： nodularizing treatment of graphite80.球化率： percent of spheroidization81.石墨球数[球墨数]： number of nodular graphites82.球化剂： nodulizer, nodulizing alloy, spheroidalagent, spheroidizer83.镁焦： magcoke, impregnated coke84.型内球化： in-mold nodularization85.密容加镁包： sealed spheroidizing treatment ladle86.干扰元素： Interference element87.石墨蠕化处理[蠕化处理]： vermiculation of graphite88.蠕化剂： vermicular agent89.蠕化率： percent of vermiculation90.铸铁净化： Purification of cast iron91.三角试块： Wedge test-piece2.4铸造有色合金1.铸造有色合金[铸造非铁合金]： Nonferrous cast alloy2.铸造铝合金： Cast aluminum alloy3.高强度铸造铝合金： High strength cast aluminum alloy4.铝硅合金： Aluminum-silicon alloy5.共晶铝硅合金： Eutectic aluminum-silicon alloy6.亚共晶铝硅合金： Hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloy7.过共晶铝硅合金： Hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy8.初生硅： Primary silicon phase9.共晶硅： Eutectic silicon phase10.铝镁合金： Aluminum-magnesium alloy11.铝铜合金： Aluminum-copper alloy12.铝锌合金： Aluminum-zinc alloy13.铝锂合金： Aluminum-lithium alloy14.铸造铜合金： Cast copper alloy15.铸造黄铜： Cast brass16.硅黄铜： Silicon brass17.高强度黄铜： High strength brass18.青铜： Bronze19.锡青铜： Tin bronze20.铝青铜： Aluminum bronze21.铅青铜： Lead bronze22.硅青铜： Silicon bronze23.铸造铜铬合金[铬青铜]： Cast copper-chromium alloy24.高阻尼铜合金： High damping copper alloy25.螺旋桨用铸造铜合金： Cast copper alloy for propeller26.铸造镁合金： Cast magnesium alloy27.铸造锌合金： Cast zinc alloy28.低熔点合金： Fusible alloys29.轴承合金[减摩合金]： antifrictional alloys, bearing alloys30.巴氏合金： Babbitt metal, white metal31.钛合金： Titanium alloy32.铸造高温合金： cast superalloy33.镍基铸造高温合金： nickel-base cast superalloy34.蒙乃尔合金： monel metal35.钴基铸造高温合金： cobalt-base cast superalloy36.铁基铸造高温合金： iron-base cast superalloy37.压铸合金： diecast alloy38.压铸铝合金： aluminium alloy39.铸压镁合金： magnesium diecast alloy40.压铸铜合金： copper diecast alloy41.压铸锌合金： zinc diecast alloy42.锌当量： Zinc equivalent2.5熔炼基本术语1.熔炼： Smelting2.熔化率： Melting rate3.熔炼损耗[熔损、烧损]： Total melting loss4.挥发损耗： Volatilizing loss5.元素烧损： Melting of alloying element6.元素增加： Gain of element7.熔池： Bath8.溶剂： Flux9.除气剂： Degassing flux10.覆盖剂： Covering flux11.炉料： Charge12.金属炉料： Metallic charge13.中间合金[母合金]： Master alloy14.回炉料： Foundry returns15.废金属料： Scrap16.炉料计算[配料]： Charge calculation17.熔渣[炉渣]： Slag18.沉渣： Sludge19.浮渣： Cinder, dross, scum20.碱性渣： Basic slag21.酸性渣： Acid slag22.造渣： Slag forming23.出渣： deslagging24.出渣口： Slag hole, slag notch25.炉衬： Furnace lining26.碱性炉衬： Basic lining27.酸性炉衬： Acid lining28.耐火粘土： Fireclay29.碱度[碱性指数]： index of basicity30.补炉： Patching31.炉龄[炉衬寿命]： Furnace campaign32.开炉： Blowing in, power on33.炉内气氛： Furnace atmosphere34.炉气分析： Flue gas analysis35.控制气氛： Controlled atmosphere36.炉前分析： On-the-spot sample analysis37.出炉口： Tap hole38.出炉温度： Tapping temperature39.重熔： remelting40.真空自耗电弧重熔： Consumable electrode vacuum arcrefining41.喷射冶金： Injection metallurgy42.区域熔炼： Zone melting43.悬浮熔炼： Levitation melting, suspension melting44.真空熔炼： Vacuum melting45.坩埚炉： Crucible furnace46.坩埚： Crucible, pot47.保温炉： Holding furnace48.反射炉： reverberatory furnace49.感应电炉： Electric induction furnace50.凝壳炉： Skull furnace51.增碳： recarburizing2.6铸钢熔炼1.铸钢熔炼： Smelting of steel2.不氧化熔炼法： Dead melting3.氧化熔炼法： Oxidizing melting4.氧化期[沸腾期]： Oxidizing stage, boil stage5.氧化气氛： Oxidizing atmosphere6.氧化渣： Oxidizing slag7.还原期： Blocking stage, deoxidizing stag8.还原气氛： Reducing atmosphere9.还原渣： Reducing slag10.白渣： White slag11.电弧炉： Electric arc furnace, direct electricarc furnace12碱性电弧炉： Basic electric arc furnace13.酸性电弧炉： Acid electric arc furnace14.电渣熔炼： Electro-slag melting15.电渣炉： Electro-slag furnace16.氩氧脱碳法[AOD法]：AOD process, Argon-OxygenDecarburization process17.脱碳： decarburization18.脱氧： deoxidation19.脱氧剂： deoxidizer20.脱磷： dephosphorization21.脱硫 desulphurization22.脱硫剂 desulphurizer2.7铸铁熔炼1.铸铁熔炼： smelting of cast iron2.双联熔炼： duplexing smelting3.冲天炉： cupola4.大间距双排风口冲天炉： spacious twin-tuyeres cupola,Twin-wind blast system cupola5.多排小风口冲天炉： multiple row small tuyeres cupola6.卡腰冲天炉： Waist shaped cupola7.热风冲天炉： hot blast cupola8.水冷冲天炉： water-cooled cupola9.水冷热风无炉衬冲天炉： hot blast liningless cupola with watercooling10.无焦冲天炉： cokeless cupola11.碱性冲天炉： basic cupola12.酸性冲天炉： acid cupola13.生铁： pig iron14.铸造生铁： foundry pig iron15.焦炭： coke16.铸造焦炭[铸造焦]： foundry coke17.固定碳： fixed carbon18.铁焦比[焦比]： iron coke ratio19.底焦： coke bed20.层焦： coke split21.隔焦： extra split22.接力焦： buffer coke charge23.铁合金： ferro-alloy24.有效高度： effective height25.炉缸： cupola well26.前炉： forehearth27密筋炉胆： ribbed preheating jacket28.出铁槽： cupola spout29.熔化带： melting zone30.风带： air belt, air box, wind box31.风口： tuyere32.风口比： tuyere ratio33.炉壁效应： cupola wall effect34.冲天炉特性曲线： cupola operation chart35.冲天炉炉前控制： front control of molten iron ofcupola,inspection in front of cupola36.冲天炉检控仪： tester and controller for cupolamelting37.熔化密度： melting intensity38.风量： blast volume39.送风速度： blast intensity40.送风压力： blast pressure41.富氧送风： oxygen enriched blast42.脱湿送风： dehumidification blast43.预热送风： hot blast44.送风预热器： blast preheater45.火花捕集器： spark arrestor46.冲天炉加料机： cupola charging machine47.爬式加料机： skip hoist48.冲天炉自动加料机： automatic cupola charging equipment49.电磁盘： electromagnetic chuck50.电磁配铁秤： electromagnetic weighing balancer51.吸碳： carbon pick-up52.棚料[搭棚]： bridging53.封炉： banking the cupola54.打炉： cupola drop55.碎铁机： breaker2.8金属液处理1.精炼： refining2.真空精炼： vacuum refining3.炉外精炼： ladle refining4.精炼溶剂[精炼剂]： refining flux5.除气[起气]： degassing6.真空除气： vacuum degassing7.吹气净化： blow purifying8.多孔塞法： porous plug process9.变质： modification10.变质剂： modification agent, modificator11.磷变质： phosphorus modification12.钠变质： sodium modification13.长效变质剂： permanent modificator14.型内变质： in-mold modification15.孕育： inoculation16.瞬时孕育[后孕育]： instantaneous inoculation,late stage inoculation, post inculation17.随流孕育： metal-stream inoculation18.型内孕育： in-mold inoculation19.浇口盆孕育： pouring basin inoculation20.孕育剂： inoculant, inoculating agent21.孕育期： inoculation period22.孕育衰退： inoculation fading23.孕育不良：abnormal inoculation, under-inoculation24.合金化处理： alloying treatment25.喂线法[喂丝法]： CQ process, wire feeding process,wire injection process26.摇包： shaking ladle27.电磁搅拌： electromagnetic agitation28.静置： holding, stewing29.扒渣： slagging-off30.型内过滤： in-mold filtering31.型内合金化： in-mold alloying32.晶粒细化： grain refinement33.晶粒细化剂： grain refiner2.9浇注1.浇注： pouring2.保护气氛浇注： pouring under controlled atmosphere3.真空浇注： vacuum pouring4.自动浇注装置： automatic pouring device5.自动浇注机： automatic pouring machine6.电磁浇注机： electromagnetic pouring machine7.捣冒口： churning, pumping8.点冒口[补注]： hot topping up, teeming9.浇包： ladle10.底浇包： bottom pouring ladle11.转运包： transfer ladle12.金属残液： heel13.冷金属： cold metal14.压铁： weight三、造型材料3.1基本术语1.造型材料： molding material2.铸造用砂[砂]： foundry sand, sand3.原砂[新砂]： base sand, new sand, raw sand4.旧砂： used sand5.回用砂： reconditioned sand6.再生砂： reclaimed sand]7.枯砂[焦砂]： burned sand]8.热砂： hot sand9.废砂： waste sand3.2原砂1.标准砂： standard sand2.硅砂[石英砂]： silica sand3.刚玉砂： alumina sand4.镁砂： magnesite sand5.锆砂： zircon sand6.镁橄榄石砂[橄榄石砂]： fosterite sand, olivine sand7.铬铁矿砂： chromite sand8.煤矸石砂： coal gangue sand9.熟料砂： chamotte sand10.炭粒砂： carbon sand11.石灰石砂： limestone sand12.天然砂： natural sand13.人工砂[人造砂]： artificial sand14.水洗砂： washed-out sand15.擦洗砂： scrubbed sand16.浮选砂[精选砂]： floated sand17.松散密度[砂型]： aerated density, riddled sand18.原砂细度[AFS平均细度]： AFS fineness number,fineness number,grain fineness number19.原砂细度[原砂颗粒尺寸]： particle size of base sand20.原砂颗粒分布： grain size distribution of base sand21.原砂角形因数[原砂角形系数，原砂粒形系数]：angularity of base sand22.原砂颗粒形状： grain shape of base sand3.3粘结剂1.粘结剂： binder2.无机粘结剂： inorganic binder3.粘土： clay4.高岭土： kaolin5.膨润土： bentonite6.钠基膨润土： sodium bentonite7.钙基膨润土： calcium bentonite8.活化膨润土： activated bentonite9.有机膨润土： organic bentonite10.有效粘土： effective clay11.活粘土： active clay12.枯粘土（死粘土）： burned clay13.白泥： white clay14.水玻璃粘结剂： sodium silicate binder, water glass binder15.水玻璃波美浓度： Be’concentration of water glass16.水玻璃模数： sodium silicate modulus17.有机粘结剂： organic binder18.纸浆废液[纸浆残液，亚硫酸盐纸浆废液]： lignin liquor19.油类粘结剂： oil based binder20.干性油： drying oil21.合脂粘结剂： synthetic fat binder22.渣油粘结剂： residual oil binder23.自硬粘结剂[冷硬粘结剂]： cold setting binder, no bake binderself-hardening binder24.树脂粘结剂： resin binder25.热固性树脂粘结剂： thermosetting resin binder26.热塑性树脂粘结剂： thermoplastic resin binder27.铸造用树脂： foundry resin28.自硬树脂系[非烘树脂系]： no-bake resin system,self-hardening resin system29.气硬树脂系： gas cured resin system30.热硬树脂系： hot hardening resin system31.呋喃树脂： furan resin32.酚醛树脂： phenol-formaldehyde(PF)resin33.碱性酚醛树脂： alkaline phenolic resin34.糖醇： furfuryl-alcohol35.游离甲醛含量： free formaldehyde content36.游离苯醛含量： free phenol content37.粘结效率： bonding efficiency3.4辅助材料1.型砂附加物： sand addlitives2.煤粉： seacoal3.煤粉代用品： seacoal substitutes4.铸型涂料： dressing mold coating, paint5.砂型涂料： sand coating6.模样涂料： pattern paint7.水基涂料： water-base mold coating8.非水基涂料： non-aqueous coating, non-aqueous paint9.自于涂料： self-drying dressing10.摊开系数[铺展系数]： spreading coefficient11.触变性： thixotropy12.悬浮剂： suspending agent13.分型剂： parting agent14.脱模剂： stripping agent15.固化剂[硬化剂]： hardener16.有机酯： organic ester17.溃散剂： break-down accelerator, break-down agent18.发热剂： exothermic mixture19.冒口覆盖剂： riser cover20.补芯膏： core mud4.5型砂和芯砂1.型砂[造型混合料]： molding mixture, molding sand2.芯砂： core sand3.合成砂： synthetic sand4.粘土砂： clay-bonded sand5.天然型砂[天然粘土砂]： natural molding sand,naturally clay-bonded sand6.红砂： red sand7.面砂： facing sand8.背砂[填充砂]： backing sand9.单一砂： unit sand10.调匀砂： temper sand11.湿型砂： green molding sand, green sand12.煤粉： black sand13.烂泥砂[嘛泥]： loam14.油砂： oil-bonded sand15.合脂砂： synthetic fatty acid bonded sand16.石墨型砂： graphite mold sand17.化学硬化砂： chemical hardening sand18.自硬砂： self-hardening sand, no-bake sand19.水泥砂： cement sand20.水玻璃砂： sodium silicate-bonded sand21.酯硬水玻璃砂： ester cured sodium silicate sand, sodium silicate-ester no-bake sand 22.树脂自硬砂： no-bake resin sand,self-hardening resin sand23.呋喃树脂自硬砂： no-bake furan resin sand24.酚醛尿烷树脂自硬砂： pep-set no-bake sand,phenolic resin no-bake sand 25.酯固化碱性酚醛树脂自硬砂： ester cured alkaline phenolicresin no-bake sand26.磷酸盐自硬砂： phosphate no-bake sand27.流态砂： castable sand, fluid sand28.气硬砂[冷芯盒砂]： cold box sand, gas hardening sand29.热硬树脂砂： hot hardening resin sand30.覆膜砂： precoated sand, resin coated sand31.壳型（芯）树脂砂： shell mold (core) resin sand32.热芯盒砂： hot box sand33.结球（型砂）： agglomeration (molding sand)3.6型砂性能及试验1.型砂试验： sand testing2.原砂试验： base sand testing3.型砂试样： sand specimen4.型砂膨胀试验： sand expansion testing5.型砂高温试验： elevated temperature testing of sands6.差热分析： differential thermal analysis7.型砂试验仪： sand tester8.铸造用标准筛： standard sieves for foundry9.筛析： screen analysis10.沉降分选： decantation, elutriation11.型砂强度： sand strength12.湿强度： green strength13.干强度： dry strength14.热强度： hot strength15.热湿拉强度： hot wet tensile strength16.风干强度： air dried strength17.型砂韧度： toughness18.破碎指数： shatter index19.起模性： liftability20.表面安定性： surface stability index(SSI)21.残留强度： retained strength22.溃散性： collapsibility23.落砂性： knockout capability24.砂型（芯）硬度： mold hardness25.紧实度： degree of ramming26.紧实率： compactability27.舂实性： rammability28.流动性（砂）： flowability(sand)29.成型性： moldability30.孔隙率： porosity31.透气孔： permeability32.发气量[发气性]： gas evolution33.发气率[发气速度]： gas evolution rate34.退让性[容让性]： deformability rate35.热变形[型砂]： hot deformation (mold sand)36.吸湿性： moisture absorption37.粘模性： stickiness38.保存性（型砂）： preservability(mold sand)39.可使用时间： bench life, working time40.型砂耐火度： refractoriness of molding sand41.微粉含量： micro-grains content42.含泥量： clay content43.含水量[水分]： moisture content44.型砂酸碱度值[型砂pH值]： pH value of sand45.酸耗值： acid demand value46.灼烧减量[灼减]： loss on ignition47.型砂缺陷倾向： defect tendency of molding sand48.胶质价： colloid index49.膨润值： swelling value50.膨胀指数： swelling index51.吸蓝量试验： methylene blue value test52.有效膨润土量： effective bentonite content53.耐用性[复用性]： durability54.涂刷性： brushability55.覆膜砂熔点： melting point of precoated sand四、铸造工艺设计及工艺装备4.1基本术语1.铸造性能： castability2.流动性(金属)： fluidity(metal)3.充型能力： mold-folling capacity4.充型流速[浇注]： delivery rate, pouring rate5.充型时间： filling time6.浇注温度： pouring temperature7.比浇注速度： specific pouring rate8.浇注时间： pouring time9.平衡分配系数： equilibrium distribution,equilibrium partition ratio10.凝固： solidification11.凝固温度范围： solidification range12.凝固时间： solidification time13.均衡凝固： proportional solidification14.同时凝固： simultaneous solidification15.顺序凝固[方向凝固]： directional solidification16.无溶质再分配凝固[无偏析凝固]： partitionless solidification, segregationless solidification17.收缩： contraction18.液态收缩： liquid contraction19.凝固收缩： solidification contraction20.固态收缩： solid contraction21.液-固收缩： liquid-solid contraction22.自由收缩： free contraction23.受阻收缩： hindered contraction24.收缩余量： shrinkage allowance25.缩前膨胀[共晶石墨化膨胀]：eutectic graphitizing expansion26.收缩应力： contraction stress27.热应力： thermal stress28.相变应力： phase change stress,transformation stress29.铸造应力： casting stress30.残留应力[残余应力]： residual stress31.合金线收缩率[自由线收缩率]： alloy linear contraction,free linear contraction coefficient32.铸件线收缩率： casting linear contraction coefficient,casting linear shirinkage coefficient33.热裂倾向性： tendency to hot tearing4.2铸件工艺设计1.铸造工艺设计： casting process design2.铸造工艺计算机辅助设计[铸造工艺CAD]： computer-aided design of thecastingprocess, casting process CAD 3.实体造型： constructive soild geometry,solid modeling4.充型分析： mold filling analysis5.铸造工艺装备设计： foundry tools design6.铸造工艺图： foundry molding drawing7.铸造工艺卡： foundry process card8.铸型装配图： mold assembly drawing9.铸件图[毛坯图]： mold assembly rough casting10.铸造工艺设备： preparation for casting technique11.铸件设计： casting design12.铸件基准面： reference face for machining of casting13.铸合结构： cast fabricated constructure14.分型面： mold joint, mold parting, parting face15.不平分型面： irregular joint, irregular parting,match parting16.阶梯分型面： stepped joint, stepped parting17.过渡角： transition angle18.分型负数： joint allowance, parting allowance19.浇注位置： pouring position20.工艺补正量： design modification, moldingallowance21.吃砂量： mold thickness22.补贴： pad23.交接壁： intersection24.十字交接[Ⅹ形交接]： x-junction25.内圆角[圆角]： fillet26.热节： hot spot27.铸筋[铸肋]： ribs28.加强筋[加强肋]： stiffening ribs29.冷铁： densener, chill30.外冷铁： surface densener31.内冷铁： internal densener32.暗冷铁： coated chill, indirect chill33.强制冷却： forced cooling34.起模斜度： pattern draft35.上型[上箱]： cope, top part36.下型[下箱]： bottom part, drag37.型冷时间： mold cooling time38.型腔： mold cavity39.造型余量： molding allowance40.砂芯设计： sand core design41.芯头： core print42.芯头间隙： core print clearance43.芯头斜度： core taper44.芯座： core seat45.定位芯头： locating print46.加大芯头： enlarged core print,strengthened core print47.工艺孔： technological hole48.铸件凝固数值模拟： numerical simulation of casting solidification49.前处理： pre-processing50.潜热处理： latent heat treatment51.网格剖分： enmeshment, mesh generation4.3浇冒口系统1.浇注系统： gating system, running system2.浇注系统设计： design of gating system3.浇道比： gating ratio4.封闭式浇注系统： choked running system, pressurized gatingsystem5.半封闭式浇注系统： enlarged runner system6.开放式浇注系统： non-pressurized gating system,unchoked running system7.阶梯式浇注系统： step gating system8.缝隙式浇注系统： slot gate system9.离心集渣浇注系统： whirl gate dirt trap system10.阻流浇注系统： choked runner system11.冒口浇注系统： feeder head gating, riser gating12.顶注式浇注系统： top gating system13.雨淋式浇注系统： shower gate system14.底注式浇注系统： bottom gating system15.中注式浇注系统： parting-line gating system16.垂直浇注系统： vertical gate system17.等流量浇注系统： equal-volume pressurized system,flow-rate equalized gating18.阻流截面： choked area19.大孔出流： large orifice discharge20.浇口盆[外浇口]： pouring basin21.浇口塞： blanking-off plug22.浇口杯： pouring cup23.直浇道： sprue24.直浇道窝： sprue base25.横浇道： runner26.集渣横浇道： skim runner27.集渣装置（浇注系统）： dirt traps ( in gating system )28.反应室（浇注系统）： reaction chamber ( in gating system )29.内浇道： ingate30.压边浇口： lip runner, kiss runner31.牛角浇口： horn gate32.挡渣片： baffle core33.过滤片[过滤网]： filter screen, strainer core34.冒口： riser, feeder head35.明冒口： open riser36.暗冒口： blind riser37.侧冒口： side riser38.热冒口： hot riser, hot top39.保温冒口： insulating riser40.发热冒口： exothermic riser41.电热冒口： electric arc feed42.压力冒口： pressure riser43.发气压力冒口： gas-delivered pressure riser44.大气压力冒口： atmospheric riser45.易割冒口： knock-off head46.离心集渣冒口： whirl-gate riser47.冷冒口： cold riser48.出气冒口[出气口]： flow off, pop, riser vent, whistler49.冒口设计： riser design50.内接圆法： inscribed circle method51.模数计算法（冒口）： moduli calculation method52.周界商： perimetrischen quotient53.冒口效率： riser efficiency54.补缩： feeding55.有效补缩距离： effective feeding distance,feeding zone56.补缩通道： feeding channel57.反补缩： inverse feeding58.冒口根： riser pad59.冒口颈： riser neck60.冒口圈： feeder bush, riser bush61.冒口套： heat insulating feeder sleeve62.冒口窝： riser base63.冒口高度： riser height64.易割片： knockoff core, washburn core4.4铸造工艺设备1.铸造工艺设备： foundry tools equipment2.模板： pattern plate3.组合模板： composite pattern plate4.双面模板： match plate5.单面模板： single face pattern plate6.模板图： pattern plate drawing7.模板设计： pattern plate design8.缩尺[模样工放尺]： pattern-maker＇s rule ,shrinkage rule9.放样[伸图]： hot dimensional drawing, layout10.模底板： pattern mounting plate11.模样[铸模、模]： pattern12.祖模： grand master pattern13.母模： master pattern14.金属模： metal pattern15.木模： wooden pattern16.石膏模： plaster pattern17.塑料模： plastic pattern18.骨架模： skeleton pattern19.单位模： loose pattern20.整体模： one-piece pattern, solid pattern21.分块模[分开模]： loose pattern, split pattern22.分模面： parting line23.模样分级： pattern classification24.活块： loose piece25.砂箱： flask, molding box26.组合砂箱： built up molding box27.砂箱设计： flask design28.套箱： mold jacket29.套销： hollow pin, stub pin30.箱带[箱挡]： cross bar, flask bar31.芯盒： core box32.芯盒设计： core box design33.芯盒图： core box drawing34.对开芯盒： half core box35.脱落式芯盒： troughed core box36.分盒面： parting of core box五、砂型铸造5.1砂处理1.型砂制备[砂处理]： sand preparation2.型砂质量控制： sand quality control3.型砂水分控制设备： automatic moisture controller of sand4.旧砂处理： sand reconditioning5.旧砂再生： sand reclamation6.旧砂热法再生： thermal reclamation of used sand7.旧砂湿法再生： wet reclamation of used sand8.旧砂干法再生： dry reclamation of used sand9.旧砂回用率： reusable rate of used sand10.砂冷却： sand cooling11.热砂冷却装置： hot sand cooler12.砂温调节器： sand temperature modulator13.冷却提升机： coolelevator, cooling elevator14.热气流烘砂装置： hot pneumatic tube drier15.沸腾床： fluidized bed16.滚筒筛： rotary screen, drum screen17.磁力滚筒： magnetic separator18.滚筒破碎筛： drum breaking screen19.筛砂机： riddle20.原砂擦洗机： sand scrubber21.轮碾机： roller22.配砂： formulation of sand mixture23.预混： premixing24.混砂： sand mixing, sand mulling25.混砂机： sand mixer, sand muller26.连续混砂机： continuous sand mixer27.碗形混砂机： cup-type sand mixer28.树脂自硬砂混砂机： no-bake resin sand mixer29.松砂： aeration, sand-cutting30.松砂机： aerator, sand cutter31.回性[调匀]（型砂）： homogenization of sand,temper of molding sand32.除尘器： dust catcher, dust collector5.2造型1.造型： molding2.有箱造型： flask molding3.无箱造型： flaskless molding4.手工造型： hand molding5.机器造型： machine molding6.地坑造型： pit molding7.地面造型： floor molding8.叠箱造型： stack molding9.多箱造型： multiple-part molding10.两箱造型： two-part molding11.假箱造型： oddside molding12.劈箱造型： split box molding13.脱箱造型： removable flask molding14.刮板造型： sweep molding15.抛砂造型： impeller ramming,sand slinging molding16.漏模造型： stripping plate molding17.模板造型： pattern plate molding18.实物造型： machine part reproduced molding19.组芯造型： core assembly molding20.微振压实造型： vibratory squeezing molding21.高压造型： high pressure molding22.射压造型： injection and squeeze molding23.负压造型[真空密封造型，V法造型]： vacuum molding24.气冲造型： air impact molding25.静压造型： air-flow press molding,static pressure molding26.切削造型法： molding with molding27.自硬砂造型： self-curing sand molding,self-hardening sand molding28.流态砂造型： fluid sand molding29.造型机： molding machine30.造型线： molding line31.高压造型机： high pressure molding machine32.多触头高压造型机： equalizing piston squeezer33.震实造型机： jolt molding machine34.震压造型机： jolt-squeeze machine35.微振压实造型机： shockless jolt squeeze molding machine,vibratory squeezer36.压实造型机： squeezing molding machine37.射压造型机： shooting and squeezing molding。
铸造英语词汇大全
铸造术语1 范围2 基本术语2.1 铸造casting, founding, foundry2.2 砂型铸造sand casting process2.3 特种铸造special casting process2.4 铸件casting2.5 毛坯铸件rough casting2.6 砂型铸件sand casting2.7 试制铸件pilot casting2.8 铸态铸件as-cast casting2.9 铸型[型] mold2.10 铸造工艺casting process， foundry technology2.11 铸造用材料foundry materials2.12 铸造工艺材料consumable materials2.13 铸造设备foundry equipment ,foundry facilities2.14 铸工caster， founder， foundry worker2.15 铸造工作者foundryman2.16 铸造车间foundry shop2.17 铸造厂foundry2.18 铸造分厂attached foundry， captive foundry， tied foundry 2.19 铸造三废foundry effluent2.20 一批 a batch2.21 一炉 a cast， a heat， a melt2.22 铸焊cast welding， flow welding2.23 铸锭ingot3 铸造合金及熔炼、浇注3.1 铸造合金基本术语3.1.1 铸造合金cast alloy3.1.2 共晶合金系eutectic alloy system3.1.3 共晶合金eutectic alloy3.1.4 亚共晶合金hypoeutectic alloy3.1.5 过共晶合金hypereutectic alloy3.1.6 共晶团eutectic cell3.1.7 共晶温度eutectic temperature3.1.8 共晶转变eutectic reaction， eutectic transformation3.1.9 共晶组织eutectic structure3.1.10 铸造复合材料cast composite3.1.11 定向共晶复合材料directional eutectic composite3.1.12 非晶态合金noncrystalline alloy3.1.13 合金元素alloying element3.1.14 杂质元素tramp element3.1.15 合金遗传性alloy heredity3.1.16 铸态组织as-cast structure3.1.17 铁碳相图iron-carbon phase diagram3.1.18 碳化物carbide3.1.19 渗碳体cementite3.1.20 碳化物形成元素carbide forming element3.1.21 单铸试块separated test bar of casting3.1.22 附铸试块test lug3.1.23 本体试样test specimen from casting itself3.1.24 过热superheating3.1.25 过冷supercooling， undercooling3.1.26 成分过冷constitutional supercooling3.1.27 过冷度degree of undercooling3.1.28 加热相变点[Ac 相变点] Ac transformation temperature3.1.29 冷却相变点[Ar 相变点] Ar transformation temperature3.1.30 结晶crystallization3.1.31 形核[成核] nucleation3.1.32 均质形核[自发形核] homogeneous nucleation3.1.33 非均质形核[非自发形核] heterogeneous nucleation3.1.34 动力形核dynamic nucleation3.1.35 大冲击形核big bang nucleation3.1.36 形核剂nucleant3.1.37 形核率nucleation rate3.1.39 内生生长endogenous growth3.1.40 外生生长exogenous growth3.1.41 共生生长coupled growth3.1.42 小平面型生长faceted growth3.1.43 非小平面型生长nonfaceted growth3.1.44 晶体生长界面[界面] growth interface of crystal， interface3.1.45 吸气(金属) gas absorption (metal)3.2 铸钢3.2.1 铸钢cast steel3.2.2 铸造碳钢carbon cast steel3.2.3 铸造合金钢alloy cast steel3.2.4 低合金铸钢low alloy cast steel3.2.5 微量合金化铸钢micro-alloying cast steel， trace alloying cast steel 3.2.6 铁素体铸钢ferritic cast steel3.2.7 奥氏体铸钢austenitic cast steel3.2.8 不锈钢stainless steel3.2.9 无磁性铸钢non-magnetic cast steel3.2.10 高锰钢austenitic manganese steel， high manganese steel 3.2.11 高强度铸钢high strength cast steel3.2.12 超高强度铸钢ultra high strength cast steel3.2.13 耐磨铸钢wear resisting cast steel3.2.14 耐热铸钢heat resisting cast steel3.2.15 耐蚀铸钢corrosion resisting cast steel3.2.16 石墨钢graphitic steel3.2.17 铸造锚链钢cast steel for chain cables3.3 铸铁3.3.1 铸铁cast iron3.3.2 合成铸铁synthetic cast iron3.3.3 共晶铸铁eutectic cast iron3.3.4 亚共晶铸铁hypoeutectic cast iron3.3.5 过共晶铸铁hypereutectic cast iron3.3.6 灰铸铁[片墨铸铁] flake graphite cast iron， gray cast iron3.3.7 球墨铸铁[球铁] ductile iron， nodular graphite iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron 3.3.8 高韧性球墨铸铁high ductility nodular graphite iron3.3.9 中锰球墨铸铁medium manganese ductile iron3.3.10 中硅球墨铸铁medium silicon nodular graphite iron3.3.11 可锻铸铁[马铁] malleable cast iron3.3.12 白心可锻铸铁white heart malleable cast iron3.3.13 黑心可锻铸铁black heart malleable cast iron3.3.14 花心可锻铸铁partially graphitized malleable cast iron3.3.15 铁素体可锻铸铁ferritic malleable cast iron3.3.16 珠光体可锻铸铁pearlitic malleable cast iron3.3.17 球墨可锻铸铁spheroidal graphite malleable cast iron3.3.18 蠕墨铸铁[蠕铁，紧密石墨铸铁] vermicular graphite cast iron, compacted graphite cast iron 3.3.19 白口铸铁white cast iron3.3.20 麻口铸铁mottled cast iron3.3.21 奥氏体铸铁austenitic cast iron3.3.22 贝氏体铸铁bainitic cast iron3.3.23 贝氏体球墨铸铁bainitic ductile cast iron， austferritic ductile cast iron3.3.23 贝氏体球墨铸铁bainitic ductile cast iron， austferritic ductile cast iron3.3.23 贝氏体球墨铸铁bainitic ductile cast iron， austferritic ductile cast iron3.3.24 等温热处理球墨铸铁austempered ductile iron ， ADI3.3.25 贝氏体白口铸铁bainitic white cast iron3.3.26 针状铸铁acicular cast iron3.3.27 马氏体铸铁martensitic cast iron3.3.28 铁素体铸铁ferritic cast iron3.3.29 珠光体铸铁pearlitic cast iron3.3.30 索氏体铸铁sorbitic cast iron3.3.31 合金铸铁alloy cast iron3.3.32 低合金铸铁low alloy cast iron3.3.33 铬铸铁chromium cast iron3.3.34 高铬铸铁high chromium cast iron3.3.35 高硅铸铁high silicon cast iron3.3.36 中硅铸铁3.3.37 高磷铸铁3.3.38 铝铸铁3.3.39 高铝铸铁3.3.40 镍铸铁3.3.41 硼铸铁3.3.42 高级铸铁3.3.43 高强度铸铁3.3.44 工程铸铁3.3.45 特种铸铁3.3.46 抗磨铸铁3.3.47 冷硬铸铁[激冷铸铁]3.3.48 耐磨铸铁3.3.49 耐热铸铁3.3.50 耐蚀铸铁3.3.51 耐酸铸铁3.3.52 密烘铸铁3.3.53 孕育铸铁3.3.54 总碳量3.3.55 碳当量3.3.56 碳当量仪3.3.57 共晶度3.3.58 硅碳比3.3.59 锰硫比3.3.60 铸铁石墨形态3.3.61 片状石墨[片墨]3.3.62 球状石墨[球墨]3.3.63 絮团状石墨[退火碳]3.3.64 团絮石墨3.3.65 蠕虫状石墨[蠕墨，紧密石墨] 3.3.66 开花状石墨3.3.67 初生石墨3.3.68 过冷石墨3.3.69 共晶石墨3.3.70 共晶碳化物3.3.71 游离碳3.3.72 石墨化3.3.73 石墨化退火3.3.74 石墨化度3.3.75 石墨化因子3.3.76 石墨面积率3.3.77 阻碍石墨化元素3.3.78 墨化剂3.3.79 石墨球化处理[球化处理] medium silicon cast ironhigh phosphorus cast ironaluminum cast ironhigh aluminum cast ironnickel cast ironboron cast ironhigh grade cast ironhigh duty cast iron， high strength cast iron engineering cast ironspecial cast ironabrasion resistant cast ironchilled cast ironwear resisting cast ironheat resisting cast ironcorrosion resistant cast ironacid resisting cast ironMeehanite cast ironinoculated cast irontotal carboncarbon equivalenteutectometercarbon saturation degreesilicon-carbon ratiomanganese-sulphur ratiographite morphology of cast ironflake graphitenodular graphite， spheroidal graphite temper graphite ， annealing carbon quasi-spheroidal temper graphite compacted graphite， vermicular graphite exploded graphiteprimary graphiteundercooled graphiteeutectic graphiteeutectic carbidefree carbongraphitizationgraphitizing annealinggraphitizing gradegraphitizing factorpercentage of graphite areahindered graphitizing element graphitizernodularizing treatment of graphite3.3.80 球化率percent of spheroidization3.3.81 石墨球数[球墨数] number of nodular graphites3.3.82 球化剂nodulizer， nodulizing alloy， spheroidal agent， spheroidizer 3.3.83 镁焦magcoke,impregnated coke3.3.84 型内球化in-mold nodularization3.3.85 密容加镁包sealed spheroidizing treatment ladle3.3.86 干扰元素interference element3.3.87 石墨蠕化处理[蠕化处理] vermiculation of graphite3.3.88 蠕化剂vermicular agent3.3.89 蠕化率percent of vermiculation3.3.90 铸铁净化purification of cast iron3.3.91 三角试块wedge test-piece3.4 铸造有色合金3.4.1 铸造有色合金〔铸造非铁合金〕nonferrous cast alloy3.4.2 铸造铝合金cast aluminum alloy3.4.3 高强度铸造铝合金high strength cast aluminum alloy3.4.4 铝硅合金aluminum-silicon alloy3.4.5 共晶铝硅合金eutectic aluminum-silicon alloy3.4.6 亚共晶铝硅合金hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloy3.4.7 过共晶铝硅合金hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy3.4.8 初生硅primary silicon phase3.4.9 共晶硅eutectic silicon phase3.4.10 铝镁合金aluminum-magnesium alloy3.4.11 铝铜合金aluminum-copper alloy3.4.12 铝锌合金aluminum-zinc alloy3.4.13 铝锂合金aluminum-lithium alloy3.4.14 铸造铜合金cast copper alloy3.4.15 铸造黄铜cast brass3.4.16 硅黄铜silicon brass3.4.17 高强度黄铜high strength brass3.4.18 青铜bronze3.4.19 锡青铜tin bronze3.4.20 铝青铜aluminum bronze3.4.21 铅青铜lead bronze3.4.22 硅青铜silicon bronze3.4.23 铸造铜铬合金[铬青铜] cast copper-chromium alloy3.4.24 高阻尼铜合金high damping copper alloy3.4.25 螺旋桨用铸造铜合金cast copper alloy for propeller3.4.26 铸造镁合金cast magnesium alloy3.4.27 铸造锌合金cast zinc alloy3.4.28 低熔点合金fusible alloys3.4.29 轴承合金[减摩合金] antifrictional alloys， bearing alloys3.4.30 巴氏合金babbitt metal ,white metal3.4.31 钛合金titanium alloy3.4.32 铸造高温合金3.4.33 镍基铸造高温合金3.4.34 蒙乃尔合金3.4.35 钴基铸造高温合金3.4.36 铁基铸造高温合金3.4.36 铁基铸造高温合金3.4.37 压铸合金3.4.38 压铸铝合金3.4.39 压铸镁合金3.4.40 压铸铜合金3.4.41 压铸锌合金3.4.42 锌当量3.5 熔炼基本术语3.5.1 熔炼3.5.2 熔化率3.5.3 熔炼损耗[熔损，烧损] 3.5.4 挥发损耗3.5.5 元素烧损3.5.6 元素增加3.5.7 熔池3.5.8 熔剂3.5.9 除气剂3.5.10 覆盖剂3.5.11 炉料3.5.12 金属炉料3.5.13 中间合金[母合金] 3.5.14 回炉料3.5.15 废金属料3.5.16 炉料计算[配料]3.5.17 熔渣[炉渣]3.5.18 沉渣3.5.19 浮渣3.5.20 碱性渣3.5.21 酸性渣3.5.22 造渣3.5.23 出渣3.5.24 出渣口3.5.25 炉衬3.5.26 碱性炉衬3.5.27 酸性炉衬3.5.28 耐火粘土3.5.29 碱度[碱性指数]3.5.30 补炉3.5.31 炉龄[炉衬寿命] cast superalloynickel-base cast superalloy Monel metalcobalt-base cast superalloy iron-base cast superalloyiron-base cast superalloy diecast alloyaluminium diecast alloy magnesium diecast alloy copper diecast alloyzinc diecast alloyzinc equivalentsmeltingmelting ratetotal melting loss volatilizing lossmelting loss of alloying element gain of elementbathfluxdegassing fluxcovering fluxchargemetallic chargemaster alloyfoundry returnsscrapcharge calculationslagsludgecinder， dross， scumbasic slagacid slagslag formingdeslaggingslag hole， slag notch furnace liningbasic liningacid liningfireclayindex of basicitypatchingfurnace campaign3.5.32 开炉blowing in， power on3.5.33 炉内气氛furnace atmosphere3.5.34 炉气分析flue gas analysis3.5.35 控制气氛controlled atmosphere3.5.36 炉前分析on-the-spot sample analysis3.5.37 出炉口tap hole3.5.38 出炉温度tapping temperature3.5.39 重熔remelting3.5.40 真空自耗电弧重熔consumable electrode vacuum arc refining3.5.41 喷射冶金injection metallurgy3.5.42 区域熔炼zone melting3.5.43 悬浮熔炼levitation melting， suspension melting3.5.44 真空熔炼vacuum melting3.5.45 坩埚炉crucible furnace3.5.46 坩埚crucible， pot3.5.47 保温炉holding furnace3.5.48 反射炉reverberatory furnace3.5.49 感应电炉electric induction furnace3.5.50 凝壳炉skull furnace3.5.51 增碳recarburizing3.5.52 增碳剂carburetant， carburetting agent， carburizer3.6 铸钢熔炼3.6.1 铸钢熔炼smelting of cast steel3.6.2 不氧化熔炼法dead melting3.6.3 氧化熔炼法oxidizing melting3.6.4 氧化期[沸腾期] oxidizing stage, boil stage3.6.5 氧化气氛oxidizing atmosphere3.6.6 氧化渣oxidizing slag3.6.7 还原期blocking stage， deoxidizing stage3.6.8 还原气氛reducing atmosphere3.6.9 还原渣reducing slag3.6.10 白渣white slag3.6.11 电弧炉electric arc furnace, direct electric arc furnace3.6.12 碱性电弧炉basic electric arc furnace3.6.13 酸性电弧炉acid electric arc furnace3.6.14 电渣熔炼electro-slag melting3.6.15 电渣炉electro-slag furnace3.6.16 氩氧脱碳法[AOD 法] AOD process， Argon-Oxygen Decarburization process 3.6.17 脱碳decarburization3.6.18 脱氧deoxidation3.6.19 脱氧剂deoxidizer3.6.20 脱磷dephosphorization3.6.21 脱硫desulphurization3.6.22 脱硫剂desulphurizer3.7 铸铁熔炼3.7.1 铸铁熔炼3.7.2 双联熔炼3.7.3 冲天炉3.7.4 大间距双排风口冲天炉smelting of cast ironduplexing smeltingcupolaspacious twin-tuyeres cupola， twin-wind blast system cupola3.7.5 多排小风口冲天炉multiple row small tuyeres cupola3.7.6 卡腰冲天炉waist shaped cupola3.7.7 热风冲天炉hot blast cupola3.7.8 水冷冲天炉water-cooled cupola3.7.9 水冷热风无炉衬冲天炉hot blast liningless cupola with water cooling3.7.10 无焦冲天炉cokeless cupola3.7.11 碱性冲天炉basic cupola3.7.12 酸性冲天炉acid cupola3.7.13 生铁pig iron3.7.14 铸造生铁foundry pig iron3.7.15 焦炭coke3.7.16 铸造焦炭[铸造焦] foundry coke3.7.17 固定碳fixed carbon3.7.18 铁焦比[焦比] iron coke ratio3.7.19 底焦coke bed3.7.20 层焦coke split3.7.21 隔焦extra coke3.7.22 接力焦buffer coke charge3.7.23 铁合金ferro-alloy3.7.24 有效高度effective height3.7.25 炉缸cupola well3.7.26 前炉forehearth3.7.27 密筋炉胆ribbed preheating jacket3.7.28 出铁槽cupola spout3.7.29 熔化带melting zone3.7.30 风带air belt， air box， wind box3.7.31 风口tuyere3.7.32 风口比tuyere ratio3.7.33 炉壁效应cupola wall effect3.7.34 冲天炉特性曲线cupola operation chart3.7.35 冲天炉炉前控制front control of molten iron of cupola， inspection in front of cupola 3.7.36 冲天炉检控仪tester and controller for cupola melting3.7.37 熔化强度melting intensity3.7.38 风量blast volume3.7.39 送风强度blast intensity3.7.40 送风压力blast pressure3.7.41 富氧送风oxygen enriched blast3.7.42 脱湿送风dehumidification blast3.7.43 预热送风hot blast3.7.44送风预热器blast preheater3.7.45火花捕集器spark arrestor3.7.46冲天炉加料机cupola charging machine3.7.47爬式加料机skip hoist3.7.48冲天炉自动加料机automatic cupola charging equipment3.7.49电磁盘electromagnetic chuck3.7.50电磁配铁秤electromagnetic weighing balancer3.7.51吸碳carbon pick-up3.7.52棚料[搭棚] bridging3.7.53封炉banking the cupola3.7.54打炉cupola drop3.7.55碎铁机breaker3.8金属液处理3.8.1精炼refining3.8.2真空精炼vacuum refining3.8.3炉外精炼ladle refining3.8.4精炼熔剂[精炼剂] refining flux3.8.5除气[去气] degassing3.8.6真空除气vacuum degassing3.8.7吹气净化blow purifying3.8.8多孔塞法porous plug process3.8.9变质modification3.8.10变质剂modification agent， modificator3.8.11磷变质phosphorus modification3.8.12钠变质sodium modification3.8.13长效变质剂permanent modificator3.8.14型内变质in-mold modification3.8.15孕育inoculation3.8.16瞬时孕育[后孕育] instantaneous inoculation， late stage inoculation， post inoculation 3.8.17随流孕育metal-stream inoculation3.8.18型内孕育in-mold inoculation3.8.19浇口盆孕育pouring basin inoculation3.8.20孕育剂inoculant， inoculating agent3.8.21孕育期inoculation period3.8.22孕育衰退inoculation fading3.8.23孕育不良abnormal inoculation， under-inoculation3.8.24合金化处理alloying treatment3.8.25喂线法[喂丝法] CQ process， wire feeding process， wire injection process3.8.26摇包shaking ladle3.8.27电磁搅拌electromagnetic agitation3.8.28静置holding， stewing3.8.29扒渣slagging-off3.8.30型内过滤in-mold filtering3.8.31型内合金化in-mold alloying3.8.32晶粒细化grain refinement3.8.33晶粒细化剂grain refiner3.9浇注3.9.1浇注pouring3.9.2保护气氛浇注pouring under controlled atmosphere 3.9.3真空浇注vacuum pouring3.9.4自动浇注装置automatic pouring device3.9.5自动浇注机automatic pouring machine3.9.6电磁浇注机electromagnetic pouring machine 3.9.7捣冒口churning，pumping3.9.8点冒口[补注] hot topping up，teeming3.9.9浇包ladle3.9.10底注包bottom pouring ladle3.9.11转运包transfer ladle3.9.12金属残液heel3.9.13冷金属cold metal3.9.14压铁weight4造型材料4.1基本术语4.1.1造型材料molding material4.1.2铸造用砂[砂] foundry sand，sand4.1.3原砂[新砂] base sand，new sand，raw sand 4.1.4旧砂used sand4.1.5回用砂reconditioned sand4.1.6再生砂reclaimed sand4.1.7枯砂[焦砂] burned sand4.1.8热砂hot sand4.1.9废砂waste sand4.2原砂4.2.1标准砂standard sand4.2.2硅砂[石英砂] silica sand4.2.3刚玉砂alumina sand4.2.3刚玉砂alumina sand4.2.4镁砂magnesite sand4.2.5锆砂zircon sand4.2.6镁橄榄石砂[橄榄石砂] fosterite sand，olivine sand4.2.7铬铁矿砂chromite sand4.2.8煤矸石砂coal gangue sand4.2.9熟料砂chamotte sand4.2.10炭粒砂carbon sand4.2.11石灰石砂limestone sand4.2.12天然砂natural sand4.2.13人工砂[人造砂] artificial sand4.2.14水洗砂washed-out sand4.2.15 擦洗砂scrubbed sand4.2.16 浮选砂[精选砂] floated sand4.2.17 松散密度(型砂) aerated density，riddled density4.2.18 原砂细度[AFS 平均细度] AFS fineness number，fineness number，grain fineness number 4.2.19 原砂粒度[原砂颗粒尺寸] particle size of base sand4.2.20 原砂颗粒分布grain size distribution of base sand4.2.21 原砂角形因数[原砂角形系数，原砂粒形系数] angularity of base sand4.2.22 原砂颗粒形状grain shape of base sand4.3 粘结剂4.3.1 粘结剂binder4.3.2 无机粘结剂inorganic binder4.3.3 粘土clay4.3.4 高岭土kaolin4.3.5 膨润土bentonite4.3.6 钠基膨润土sodium bentonite4.3.7 钙基膨润土calcium bentonite4.3.8 活化膨润土activated bentonite4.3.9 有机膨润土organic bentonite4.3.10 有效粘土effective clay4.3.11 活粘土active clay4.3.12 枯粘土[死粘土] burned clay4.3.13 白泥white clay4.3.14 水玻璃粘结剂sodium silicate binder，water glass binder4.3.15 水玻璃波美浓度Be concentration of water glass4.3.16 水玻璃模数sodium silicate modulus4.3.17 有机粘结剂organic binder4.3.18 纸浆废液[纸浆残液，亚硫酸盐纸浆废液] lignin liquor4.3.19 油类粘结剂oil based binder4.3.20 干性油drying oil4.3.21 合脂粘结剂synthetic fat binder4.3.22 渣油粘结剂residual oil binder4.3.23 自硬粘结剂[冷硬粘结剂] cold setting binder，no bake binder，self-hardening binder 4.3.24 树脂粘结剂resin binder4.3.25 热固性树脂粘结剂thermosetting resin binder4.3.26 热塑性树脂粘结剂thermoplastic resin binder4.3.27 铸造用树脂foundry resin4.3.28 自硬树脂系[非烘树脂系] no-bake resin system，self-hardening resin system4.3.29 气硬树脂系gas cured resin system4.3.30 热硬树脂系hot hardening resin system4.3.31 呋喃树脂furan resin4.3.32 酚醛树脂phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin4.3.33 碱性酚醛树脂alkaline phenolic resin4.3.34 糠醇furfuryl-alcohol4.3.35 游离甲醛含量free formaldehyde content4.3.36 游离苯酚含量free phenol content4.3.37 粘结效率bonding efficiency4.4 辅助材料4.4.1 型砂附加物sand addlitives4.4.2 煤粉seacoal4.4.3 煤粉代用品seacoal substitutes4.4.4 铸型涂料dressing，mold coating，paint4.4.5 砂型涂料sand coating4.4.6 模样涂料pattern paint4.4.7 水基涂料water-base mold coating4.4.8 非水基涂料non-aqueous coating，non-aqueous paint4.4.9 自干涂料self-drying dressing4.4.10 摊开系数[铺展系数] spreading coefficient4.4.11 触变性thixotropy4.4.12 悬浮剂suspending agent4.4.13 分型剂parting agent4.4.14 脱模剂stripping agent4.4.15 固化剂[硬化剂] hardener4.4.16 有机酯organic ester4.4.17 溃散剂break-down accelerator，break-down agent4.4.18 发热剂exothermic mixture4.4.19 冒口覆盖剂riser cover4.4.20 补芯膏core mud4.5 型砂和芯砂4.5.1 型砂[造型混合料] molding mixture，molding sand4.5.2 芯砂core sand4.5.3 合成砂synthetic sand4.5.4 粘土砂clay-bonded sand4.5.5 天然型砂[天然粘土砂] natural molding sand，naturally clay-bonded sand 4.5.6 红砂red sand4.5.7 面砂facing sand4.5.8 背砂[填充砂] backing sand4.5.9 单一砂unit sand4.5.10 调匀砂temper sand4.5.11 湿型砂green molding sand，green sand4.5.12 煤粉砂black sand4.5.13 烂泥砂[麻泥] loam4.5.14 油砂oil-bonded sand4.5.15 合脂砂synthetic fatty acid bonded sand4.5.16 石墨型砂graphite mold sand4.5.17 化学硬化砂chemical hardening sand4.5.18 自硬砂self-hardening sand，no-bake sand4.5.19 水泥砂cement sand4.5.20 水玻璃砂sodium silicate-bonded sand4.5.21 酯硬水玻璃砂ester cured sodium silicate sand，sodium silicate－ester no-bake sand 4.5.22 树脂自硬砂no-bake resin sand，self-hardening resin sand4.5.23 呋喃树脂自硬砂no-bake furan resin sand4.5.24 酚醛尿烷树脂自硬砂pep-set no-bake sand，phenolic urethane no-bake sand4.5.25 酯固化碱性酚醛树脂自硬砂ester cured alkaline phenolic resin no-bake sand4.5.26 磷酸盐自硬砂phosphate no-bake sand4.5.27 流态砂castable sand，fluid sand4.5.28 气硬砂[冷芯盒砂] cold box sand，gas hardening sand4.5.29 热硬树脂砂hot hardening resin sand4.5.30 覆膜砂precoated sand，resin coated sand4.5.31 壳型(芯)树脂砂shell mold (core) resin sand4.5.32 热芯盒砂hot box sand4.5.33 结球(型砂) agglomeration (molding sand)4.6 型砂性能及试验4.6.1 型砂试验sand testing4.6.2 原砂试验base sand testing4.6.3 型砂试样sand specimen4.6.4 型砂膨胀试验sand expansion testing4.6.5 型砂高温试验elevated temperature testing of sands4.6.6 差热分析differential thermal analysis4.6.7 型砂试验仪sand tester4.6.8 铸造用标准筛standard sieves for foundry4.6.9 筛析screen analysis4.6.10 沉降分选decantation，elutriation4.6.11 型砂强度sand strength4.6.12 湿强度green strength4.6.13 干强度dry strength4.6.14 热强度hot strength4.6.15 热湿拉强度hot wet tensile strength4.6.16 风干强度air dried strength4.6.17 型砂韧性toughness4.6.18 破碎指数shatter index4.6.19 起模性liftability4.6.20 表面安定性surface stability index(SSI)4.6.21 残留强度retained strength4.6.22 溃散性collapsibility4.6.23 落砂性knockout capability4.6.24 砂型(芯)硬度mold hardness4.6.25 紧实度degree of ramming4.6.26 紧实率compactability4.6.27 舂实性rammability4.6.28 流动性(砂) flowability (sand)4.6.29 成型性moldability4.6.30 孔隙率porosity4.6.31 透气性permeability4.6.32 发气量[发气性] gas evolution4.6.33 发气率[发气速度] gas evolution rate4.6.34 退让性[容让性] deformability，yieldability4.6.35 热变形(型砂) hot deformation (mold sand)4.6.36 吸湿性moisture absorption4.6.37 粘模性stickiness4.6.38 保存性(型砂) preservability (mold sand)4.6.39 可使用时间bench life，working time4.6.40 型砂耐火度refractoriness of molding sand4.6.41 微粉含量micro-grains content4.6.42 含泥量clay content4.6.43 含水量[水分] moisture content4.6.44 型砂酸碱度值[型砂pH 值] pH value of sand4.6.45 酸耗值acid demand value4.6.47 型砂缺陷倾向defect tendency of molding sand4.6.48 胶质价colloid index4.6.49 膨润值swelling value4.6.50 膨胀指数swelling index4.6.51 吸蓝量试验methylene blue value test4.6.52 有效膨润土量effective bentonite content4.6.53 耐用性[复用性] durability4.6.54 涂刷性brushability4.6.55 覆膜砂熔点melting point of precoated sand5 铸造工艺设计及工艺装备5.1 基本术语5.1.1 铸造性能castability5.1.2 流动性(金属) fluidity (metal)5.1.3 充型能力mold-filling capacity5.1.4 充型流速[浇注速度] delivery rate，pouring rate5.1.5 充型时间filling time5.1.6 浇注温度pouring temperature5.1.7 比浇注速度specific pouring rate5.1.8 浇注时间pouring time5.1.9 平衡分配系数equilibrium distribution，equilibrium partition ratio5.1.10 凝固solidification5.1.11 凝固温度范围solidification range5.1.12 凝固时间solidification time5.1.13 均衡凝固proportional solidification5.1.14 同时凝固simultaneous solidification5.1.15 顺序凝固[方向凝固] directional solidification5.1.16 无溶质再分配凝固[无偏析凝固] partitionless solidification，segregationless solidification 5.1.17 收缩contraction5.1.18 液态收缩liquid contraction5.1.19 凝固收缩solidification contraction5.1.20 固态收缩solid contraction5.1.21 液- 固收缩liquid-solid contraction5.1.22 自由收缩free contraction5.1.23 受阻收缩hindered contraction5.1.24 收缩余量shrinkage allowance5.1.25 缩前膨胀[共晶石墨化膨胀] eutectic graphitizing expansion5.1.26 收缩应力contraction stress5.1.27 热应力thermal stress5.1.28 相变应力phase change stress，transformation stress5.1.29 铸造应力casting stress5.1.30 残留应力[残余应力] residual stress5.1.31 合金线收缩率[自由线收缩率] alloy linear contraction coefficient，free linear contraction5.1.32 铸件线收缩率casting linear contraction coefficient，casting linear shirinkage coeffic-5.1.33 热裂倾向性tendency to hot tearing5.2 铸造工艺设计5.2.1 铸造工艺设计casting process design5.2.2 铸造工艺计算机辅助设计[铸造工艺CAD] computer-aided design of the casting process, casting 5.2.3 实体造型constructive solid geometry，solid modeling5.2.4 充型分析mold filling analysis5.2.5 铸造工艺装备设计foundry tools design5.2.6 铸造工艺图foundry molding drawing5.2.7 铸造工艺卡foundry process card5.2.8 铸型装配图mold assembly drawing5.2.9 铸件图[毛坯图] drawing of rough casting5.2.10 铸造工艺准备preparation for casting technique5.2.11 铸件设计casting design5.2.12 铸件基准面reference face for machining of casting5.2.13 铸合结构cast fabricated constructure5.2.14 分型面mold joint，mold parting，parting face5.2.15 不平分型面irregular joint，irregular parting，match parting5.2.16 阶梯分型面stepped joint，stepped parting5.2.17 过渡角transition angle5.2.18 分型负数joint allowance，parting allowance5.2.19 浇注位置pouring position5.2.20 工艺补正量design modification，molding allowance5.2.21 吃砂量mold thickness5.2.22 补贴pad5.2.23 交接壁intersection5.2.24 十字交接[X 形交接] X-junction5.2.25 内圆角[圆角] fillet5.2.26 热节hot spot5.2.27 铸筋[铸肋] ribs5.2.28 加强筋[加强肋] stiffening ribs5.2.29 5.2.30 5.2.31 5.2.32 5.2.33 5.2.34 5.2.35 5.2.36 5.2.37 5.2.38 5.2.39 5.2.40 5.2.41 5.2.42 5.2.43 5.2.44 5.2.45 5.2.46 5.2.47 5.2.48 5.2.49 5.2.50 5.2.51 5.2.51 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4 5.3.5 5.3.6 5.3.7 5.3.8 5.3.9 5.3.10 5.3.11 5.3.12 5.3.13 5.3.14 5.3.15 5.3.16 5.3.17 5.3.18 5.3.19冷铁外冷铁内冷铁暗冷铁强制冷却起模斜度上型[上箱]下型[下箱]型冷时间型腔造型余量砂芯设计芯头芯头间隙芯头斜度芯座定位芯头加大芯头工艺孔铸件凝固数值模拟前处理潜热处理网格剖分网格剖分浇冒口系统浇注系统浇注系统设计浇道比封闭式浇注系统半封闭式浇注系统开放式浇注系统阶梯式浇注系统缝隙式浇注系统离心集渣浇注系统阻流浇注系统冒口浇注系统顶注式浇注系统雨淋式浇注系统底注式浇注系统中注式浇注系统垂直浇注系统等流量浇注系统阻流截面大孔出流densener, chillsurface densenerinternal densenercoated chill， indirect chillforced coolingpattern draftcope， top partbottom part， dragmold cooling timemold cavitymolding allowancesand core designcore printcore print clearancecore tapercore seatlocating printenlarged core print， strengthened core printtechnological holenumerical simulation of casting solidificationpre-processinglatent heat treatmentenmeshment， mesh generationenmeshment， mesh generationgating system， running systemdesign of gating systemgating ratiochoked running system， pressurized gating systemenlarged runner systemnon-pressurized gating system， unchoked running systemstep gating systemslot gate systemwhirl gate dirt trap systemchocked runner systemfeeder head gating， riser gatingtop gating systemshower gate systembottom gating systemparting-line gating systemvertical gate systemequal-volume pressurized gating system， flow-rate equalized gatingchoked arealarge orifice discharge5.3.20 浇口盆[外浇口] pouring basin5.3.21 浇口塞blanking-off plug5.3.22 浇口杯pouring cup5.3.23 直浇道sprue5.3.24 直浇道窝sprue base5.3.25 横浇道runner5.3.26 集渣横浇道skim runner5.3.27 集渣装置(浇注系统) dirt traps (in gating system)5.3.28 反应室(浇注系统) reaction chamber (in gating system) 5.3.29 内浇道ingate5.3.30 压边浇口lip runner， kiss runner5.3.31 牛角浇口horn gate5.3.32 挡渣片baffle core5.3.33 过滤片[过滤网] filter screen， strainer core5.3.34 冒口riser， feeder head5.3.35 明冒口open riser5.3.36 暗冒口blind riser5.3.37 侧冒口side riser5.3.38 热冒口hot riser， hot top5.3.39 保温冒口insulating riser5.3.40 发热冒口exothermic riser5.3.41 电热冒口electric arc feed5.3.42 压力冒口pressure riser5.3.43 发气压力冒口gas-delivered pressure riser5.3.44 大气压力冒口atmospheric riser5.3.45 易割冒口knock-off head5.3.46 离心集渣冒口whirl-gate riser5.3.47 冷冒口cold riser5.3.48 出气冒口[出气口] flow off， pop off， riser vent， whistler 5.3.49 冒口设计riser design5.3.50 内接圆法inscribed circle method5.3.51 模数计算法(冒口) moduli calculation method5.3.52 周界商perimetrischen quotient5.3.53 冒口效率riser efficiency5.3.54 补缩feeding5.3.55 有效补缩距离effective feeding distance， feeding zone 5.3.56 补缩通道feeding channel5.3.57 反补缩inverse feeding5.3.58 冒口根riser pad5.3.59 冒口颈riser neck5.3.60 冒口圈feeder bush， riser bush5.3.61 冒口套heat insulating feeder sleeve5.3.62 冒口窝riser base5.3.63 冒口高度riser height5.3.64易割片knockoff core， washburn core5.4铸造工艺装备5.4.1铸造工艺装备foundry tools equipment5.4.2模板pattern plate5.4.3组合模板composite pattern plate5.4.4双面模板match plate5.4.5单面模板single face pattern plate5.4.6模板图pattern plate drawing5.4.7模板设计pattern plate design5.4.8缩尺[模样工放尺] pattern-maker rule， shrinkage rule 5.4.9放样[伸图] hot dimensional drawing， layout 5.4.10模底板pattern mounting plate5.4.11模样[铸模、模] pattern5.4.12祖模grand master pattern5.4.13母模master pattern5.4.14金属模metal pattern5.4.15木模wooden pattern5.4.16石膏模plaster pattern5.4.17塑料模plastic pattern5.4.18骨架模skeleton pattern5.4.19单体模loose pattern5.4.20整体模one-piece pattern， solid pattern 5.4.21分块模[分开模] loose pattern， split pattern5.4.22分模面parting line5.4.23模样分级pattern classification5.4.24活块loose piece5.4.25砂箱flask, molding box5.4.26组合砂箱built up molding box5.4.27砂箱设计flask design5.4.28套箱mold jacket5.4.29套销hollow pin， stub pin5.4.30箱带[箱挡] cross bar， flask bar5.4.31芯盒core box5.4.32芯盒设计core box design5.4.33芯盒图core box drawing5.4.33芯盒图core box drawing5.4.34对开芯盒half core box5.4.35脱落式芯盒troughed core box5.4.36分盒面parting of core box6砂型铸造6.1砂处理6.1.1型砂制备[砂处理] sand preparation6.1.2型砂质量控制sand quality control6.1.3型砂水分控制装置automatic moisture controller of sand6.1.4旧砂处理sand reconditioning6.1.5旧砂再生sand reclamation6.1.6旧砂热法再生thermal reclamation of used sand6.1.7旧砂湿法再生wet reclamation of used sand6.1.8旧砂干法再生dry reclamation of used sand6.1.9旧砂回用率reusable rate of used sand6.1.10砂冷却sand cooling6.1.11热砂冷却装置hot sand cooler6.1.12砂温调节器sand temperature modulator6.1.13冷却提升机coolelevator， cooling elevator6.1.14热气流烘砂装置hot pneumatic tube drier6.1.15沸腾床fluidized bed6.1.16滚筒筛rotary screen,drum screen6.1.17磁力滚筒magnetic separator6.1.18滚筒破碎筛drum breaking screen6.1.19筛砂机riddle6.1.20原砂擦洗机sand scrubber6.1.21轮碾机roller6.1.22配砂formulation of sand mixture6.1.23预混premixing6.1.24混砂sand mixing， sand mulling6.1.25混砂机sand mixer， sand muller6.1.26连续混砂机continuous sand mixer6.1.27碗形混砂机cup-type sand mixer6.1.28树脂自硬砂混砂机no-bake resin sand mixer6.1.29松砂aeration， sand-cutting6.1.30松砂机aerator， sand cutter6.1.31回性[调匀] (型砂) homogenization of sand， temper of molding sand 6.1.32除尘器dust catcher， dust collector6.2造型6.2.1造型molding6.2.2有箱造型flask molding6.2.3无箱造型flaskless molding6.2.4手工造型hand molding6.2.5机器造型machine molding6.2.6地坑造型pit molding6.2.7地面造型floor molding6.2.8叠箱造型stack molding6.2.9多箱造型multiple-part molding6.2.10两箱造型two -part molding6.2.11假箱造型oddside molding6.2.12劈箱造型split box molding6.2.13脱箱造型removable flask molding6.2.14刮板造型sweep molding。
最全版高分子物理名词中英对照
最全版高分子物理名词中英对照-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN第一章高分子链的结构aeolotropy 各向异性anti-configuration 反型；反式构型atactic polymer 无规（立构）聚合物average root-mean-square 均方根backbone 主链backbone motion 主链运动backbone structure 主链结构branched polymer 支化聚合物carbon chain 碳链chain conformation 链构象chain element 链单元；链节cis-configuration 顺式构型cis-isomer 顺式异构体cis-isomerism 顺式异构现象cis-stereoisomer 顺式立体异构体cis-trans isomerism 顺-反（式）异构现象cis-trans isomerization 顺反异构化characterization [1]表征；表征法 [2]检定；检定法configuration 构型conformation 构象covalent bond 共价键cross link 交联；交联键cross linkage 交联crosslinked network 交联网crosslinked polymer 交联聚合物differential thermal analysis 差热分析differential thermogravimetric analysis 微分热重分析differential thermogravimetrie curve 微分热重曲线degree of isotacticity 全同（立构）规整度degree of order 有序度degree of syndiotacticity 间同（立构）规整度degree of tacticity 构型规整度diisotactic 双全同立构的direction of orientation 取向方向end-to-end distance 末端距fork chain 支链fork group 支基equitactic polymer 全同间同（立构）等量聚合物erythro-diisotactic 叠（同）双重全同立构eutacticity 理想的构型规整性degree of isomerization 异构化程度flexibility 柔性；柔顺性free internal rotation 自由内旋转freely jointed chain 自由连接链functional group 功能基；官能团Gauss chain 高斯链Gauss distribution 高斯分布Gaussian chain 高斯链Gaussian distribution 高斯分布Gaussian network 高斯网络non-Gaussian Chain 非高斯链non-Gaussian distribution 非高斯分布geometrical isomer 几何异构体geometrical regularity 几何规整度graft 接枝物graft block copolymer 接枝嵌段共聚物graft copolymer 接枝共聚物graft copolymerization 接枝共聚graftomer 接枝聚合物graft polymerization 接枝聚合head-tail sequence 头尾顺序head-to-head 头-头接head-to-head polymer 头-头接聚合物head-to-tail polymer 头-尾接聚合物hot setting resin 热固性树脂isotactic 全同立构；等规立构isotactic chain 全同立构链isotactic configuration 全同立构型isotacticity 全同立构规整度isotactic polymer 全同立构聚合物iso-trans-tactic 反式全同立构linear chain 直链linear chain polymer 直链聚合物linear copolymer 线形共聚物linear macromolecule 线形大分子linear molecule 线形分子linear polymer 线形聚合物high polymer 高聚物half polymer 低聚物highly branched chain 高度支化链heat of crystallization 结晶热flexible linear macromolecule 柔性线形大分子flexible side group 柔性侧基interpolymer 共聚体long chain branching 长链支化long chain molecule 长链分子holotactic 全规整macromolecular 大分子的；高分子的macromolecular compound 大分子化合物；高分子化合物macromolecule 大分子；高分子main chain 主链main polymer chain 聚合物主链molecular bond 分子键molecular configuration 分子构型monomer 单体mutamer 旋光异构体mean square end to end distance 均方末端距nonlinear polymer 非线型聚合物net structure 网状结构network polymer 网状聚合物network structure 网状结构optical isomer 旋光异构体；旋光异构物ordered structure 有序结构random copolymer 无规共聚物polymer chain 聚合物链；高分子链polymer single crystal 聚合物primary structure 一级结构；初级结构regularity 规则性；整齐度distance 均方根末端距rotamerism 几何异构现象；旋转异构现象rigid chain 刚性链rigid macromolecule 刚性大分子straight-chain polymer 直链聚合物secondary structure 二级结构syndiotactic 间同立构的syndiotactic polymer 间同立构聚合物stability 稳定性star polymer 星形聚合物statistical copolymer 无规共聚物spatial structure 空间结构sub-chain motion 链段运动trans isomerism 反式异构(现tertiary structure 三级结构unperturbed chain dimension 未受扰分子链尺寸；无扰分子链尺寸valence bond 价键valence distance (=bond length) 键长；键距laevo-configuration 左旋构型microstructure of polymer 聚合物的微结构microtacticity 微观规整性short range structure 近程结构molecular motion 分子运动molecular model 分子模型第二章高分子的聚集态结构intermolecular attraction 分子间引力hydrogen bond 氢键amorphous 非晶的；无定形的amorphous birefringence 非晶双折射amorphous material 非晶材料；无定形材料amorphous phase 非晶相amorphous polymer 非晶态聚合物amorphous region 非晶区；无定形区axial orientation 沿轴取向auto-orientation mechanism 自取向机理biaxial orientation 双轴取向biaxial stretch 双轴拉伸crystal 结晶；晶体crystal angle 晶角crystal defect 晶体缺陷crystal diffraction 晶体衍射crystal grain 晶粒crystal lattice 晶格crystalline copolymer 结晶共聚物crystalline orientation 晶体取向crystalline polymer 结晶聚合物crystalline portion 结晶部分crystalline region 晶区crystalline structure 晶体结构crystallinity 结晶性；结晶度crystallite 微晶；晶粒crystallite dimension 晶粒尺寸crystallite size distribution 晶粒大小分布crystallizable polymer （能）结晶聚合物crystallization 结晶（作用）crystallization rate 结晶速率crystallization temperature 结晶温度crystallize 结晶cubic system 立方晶系chain folding 链折叠chain-folded lamellae 折叠链片晶degree of crystallinity 结晶度程度degree of orientation 取向度diffraction 衍射diffraction angle 衍射角diffraction pattern 衍射图形；衍射花样diffractometer 衍射仪extended chain crystal 伸直链electron microscope 电子显微镜expanded material 发泡材料; 晶体birefringence 双折射density crystallinity 密度结晶度folded chain 折叠链folded chain crystal 折叠链晶体folded chain lamellae 折叠链晶片folded chain model 折叠链模型folded configuration 折叠构型folding length 折叠链长度liquid crystal 液晶lamellae 片晶lamellae structure 片晶结构lattice 晶格；点阵lattice constant 晶格常数lattice energy 晶格能lattice model 晶格模型lattice structure 晶格结构monoclinic 单斜（晶）的mono-crystalline 单晶的morphological structure 形态结构molecular orientation 分子取向non-crystallizable polymer 非结晶聚合物one-way orientation 单向取向orientated polymer 取向聚合物orientated polymerization 取向聚合orientation 取向orthorhombic unit cell 斜方晶胞platelets 片晶polarize 起偏（振）镜；起偏光镜polarizing microscope 偏（振）光显微镜polaroid （人造）偏振片[物]；起偏振片single crystal 单晶small angle scattering 小角散射第三章高分子溶液viscometry 粘度法gelatination 胶凝（作用）；胶凝化gel point 凝胶点coacervation 凝聚coagulation point 凝固点；凝结点equilibrium swelling 平衡溶胀heat of solution 溶解热gel 凝胶；冻胶ideal solution 理想溶液fractional precipitation 分级沉淀fractional solution 分级溶解fractionation 分级non-ideal solution 非理想溶液solubility 溶解性；可溶性solubility parameter 溶度参数soluble polymer 可溶性聚合物dilute solution 稀溶液dilute solution theory 稀溶液理论dilution free energy 稀释自由能dilution heat 稀释热dilution viscometer 稀释粘度计free energy 自由能free energy of mixing 混合自由能entropy of mixing 混合熵polar polymer 极性聚合物第四章高聚物的分子量和分子量分布average molecular weight 平均分子量Z-average molecular weight Z均分子量Z-average molecular weight Z均分子量weight average molecular weight 重（量平）均分子量apparent molecular weight 表观分子量critical entanglement molecular weight 临界缠结分子量end effect 末端效应end group 端基end group method 端基法[测分子量]intrinsic viscosity 特性粘数intrinsic viscosity number 特性粘数narrow molecular weight distribution 窄分子量分布mean molecular weight 平均分子量molecular weight 分子量molecular weight determination 分子量测定molecular weight distribution 分子量分布molecular weight distribution curve 分子量分布曲线number average molecular weight 数均分子量scattering angle 散射角relative viscosity 相对粘度viscometric average molecular weight 粘均分子量viscosity 粘度viscosity-average molecular weight 粘均分子量viscous 粘的；粘性的logarithmic viscosity number 比浓对数粘度kinematic viscosity 比密粘度non-polar polymer 非极性聚合物interfacial tension 界面张力density gradient column 密度梯度管density gradient sedimentation 密度梯度沉降法density gradient tube 密度梯度管concentration gradient 浓度梯度第五章聚合物的转变与松弛stress relaxation 应力松弛stress-strain curve 应力-应变曲线deformability 变形性deformation 形变；变形deformation band （滑移）形变带continuous stress relaxation 连续应力松弛characteristic relaxation time 特征松弛时间discrete relaxation time 离散松弛时间epitaxy 外延；取向生长glasslike polymer 类玻璃聚合物glass point 玻璃点glass temperature 玻璃化（转变）温度glass transition 玻璃化转变glass transition region 玻璃化转变区glass transition temperature 玻璃化转变温度glassy compliance 玻璃态柔量glassy modulus 玻璃态模量glassy polymer 玻璃态聚合物glassy state 玻璃态half-crystallization time 半结晶期half life period 半衰期fractional free volume 自由体积分数free volume 自由体积noncrystalline 非晶的noncrystalline region 非晶区kinetic of crystallization 结晶动力学nuclei [复]核；晶核nucleus （[复] nuclei）核；晶核nucleus formation （晶）核生成（作用）rubbery plateau zone 橡胶高弹区rubbery state 橡胶态rubbery plateau zone 橡胶高弹区rubbery state 橡胶态rate of crystal growth 晶体生长速率transition zone 转变区compression deformation 压缩变形compression modulus 压缩模量heterogeneous nucleation 异相成核dimensionless glass transition 无量纲玻璃化转变thermo-mechanical curve 热机（械）曲线；温度形变曲线permanent deformation 永久变形non-reversible deformation 不可逆形变；永久形变thermal deformation 热变形thermal degradation 热降解thermal dilation 热膨胀compression set 压缩变形initial modulus 起始模量initial tangent modulus 起始切线模量instantaneous compliance 瞬时柔量instantaneous deformation 瞬时形变instantaneous elasticity 瞬时弹性instantaneous elastic recovery 瞬时弹性回复instantaneous modulus 瞬时模量dynamic mechanical double glass transition 动态力学双重玻璃化转变delayed deformation 延迟形变recrystallization 再结晶（作用）relative deformation 相对形变relative elongation 相对伸长thermogravimetric curve 热重（分析）曲线；温度重量曲线第六章橡胶弹性anisotropic 各向异性的anisotropy 各向异性（现象）blend [1]共混物 [2]共混blending polymer 共混聚合物dynamic elasticity 动态弹性delayed elasticity 延迟弹性elastic 弹性的elastic anisotropy 弹性各向异性elastic compliance 弹性柔量elastic constant 弹性常数elastic deformation 弹性形变elastic elongation 弹性伸长elastic extension 弹性延伸elastic isotropy 弹性各向同性elasticity 弹性elasticity modulus 弹性模量elastic property 高弹性elastomer 高弹体；弹性体elastomeric state 橡胶高弹态；高弹态high elastic deformation 高弹形变high elasticity 高弹性high elastic rubber 高弹性橡胶long range elasticity 高弹性ideal elasticity 理想弹性ideal elastomer 理想弹性体non-elastic deformation 非弹性形变initial elasticity 初弹性；瞬时弹性perfect elastic body 理想弹性体modulus of elasticity 弹性模量modulus of rigidity 刚性模量temporary set（高）弹性形变dynamic resilience 动态弹性回复dynamic rigidity 动态刚度；动态刚性rubber elastic behavior 橡胶弹性行为；高弹行为entropic deformation mechanism 熵变形机理entropy-elastic deformation 熵弹形变entropy elasticity 熵弹性entropy spring 熵弹簧nature rubber 天然橡胶non-Hookean elasticity 非虎克弹性natural cis-polyisoprene 天然顺式聚异戊二烯；天然橡胶natural draw ratio 固有拉伸比；自然拉伸比one-way drawing 单向牵伸draw 拉伸draw ratio 拉伸比Poisson’s ratio 泊松比第七章聚合物的粘弹性anelasticity 滞弹性dynamic compliance 动态柔量dynamic creep 动态蠕变dynamic mechanical behavior 动态力学行为dynamic mechanical property 动态力学性能dynamic mechanical test 动态力学试验Boltzmann superposition principle 波尔兹曼叠加原理relaxation phenomenon 松弛现象relaxation spectra 松弛（时间）谱relaxation time 松弛时间retardation time 推迟时间retarded elasticity 推迟弹性superposition principle 叠加原理nature time (=relaxation itme) 松弛时间；自然时间non-linear viscoelasticity 非线性粘弹性recovery creep 回复蠕变principle of superposition 叠加原理time of relaxation 松驰时间time-temperature equivalent principle 时-温等效原理time-temperature superposition principle 时-温叠加原理creep 蠕变creep compliance 蠕变柔量creep curve 蠕变曲线dashpot 粘壶dynamic modulus 动态模量dynamics 动力学dynamic state 动态dynamic viscoelastometer 动态粘弹谱仪dynamic viscosity 动态粘度；动力粘度elastoviscometer 弹性粘度计elasto-viscous system 弹粘体系elastoviscous polymer 弹粘性聚合物distribution of retardation times 推迟时间分布Hookean elasticity 虎克弹性Hookean spring 虎克弹簧immediate set 瞬时变形initial creep 起始蠕变mechanical relaxation 力学松弛viscous elasticity 粘弹性stickiness 粘性compression stress relaxation 压缩应力松弛maximum relaxation time 极大松弛时间distribution of relaxation times 松弛时间分布stretch(ing) 拉伸tangent of the loss angle 损耗角正切mechanical loss factor 力学损耗因子loss angle 损耗角loss factor 损耗因子loss modulus 损耗模量loss tangent 损耗角正切intermittent stress relaxation 间断应力松弛discrete viscoelastic spectra 离散粘弹谱lastics [1]塑料 [2]弹塑料；弹塑（性）体damping 阻尼；减幅damping factor 阻尼因子distortion 扭变；畸变;双定向的第八章聚合物的屈服和断裂work-to-break 断裂功yield 屈服yield strength 屈服强度yield stress 屈服应力Young’s modulus 杨氏模量root-mean-square end-to-end rupture mechanism 断裂机理；破坏机理modulus of rupture (=flexural strength) 抗弯强度；挠曲强度unnotched Izod impact strength 无缺口悬臂梁式抗冲击强度impact strength 冲击强度crack [1]裂缝；龟裂；裂纹 [2]裂化craze 银纹load-elongation curve 载荷-伸长曲线fissure 裂缝；裂隙flexing resistance 抗挠性；耐屈挠性flexural modulus 挠曲模量flexural strength 挠曲强度fluid resin 液态树脂fracture 断裂；破裂fracture energy 断裂能fracture mechanism 断裂机理fracture surface energy 断裂表面能fracture toughness 断裂韧性fragility 脆性；易碎性friability 脆性；易碎性friction 摩擦frictional damping 摩擦阻尼fringe 条纹elongation 伸长extended length 伸展长度extension 伸长；延伸extension at break 断裂伸长extension modulus 拉伸模量extension ratio 拉伸比fabricability 加工性failure 破裂；破坏fatigue 疲劳fatigue cracking 疲劳龟裂fatigue curve 疲劳曲线fatigue failure 疲劳破坏fatigue strength 疲劳强度fatigue test 疲劳试验faying surface 接触面bending modulus 弯曲（弹性）模量bend(ing) strength 弯曲强度bend(ing) stress 弯曲应力breaking elongation 断裂伸长第九章聚合物的流变性rheology 流变学rheometer 流变仪anti-swelling 抗溶胀性anti-thixotropy0 非触变性；非摇溶（现象）apparent area 表观面积apparent density 表观密度apparent fluidity 表观流度apparent viscosity 表观粘度die swell(ing) 挤出胀大；模口胀大die swell ratio 挤出胀大比dilatability 膨胀性dilatate 膨胀dynamic (=dynamical) [1]动态的 [2]动力学的dynamic chemorheology 动态化学流变学flowability 流动性flow behavior 流动行为；流动特性flow birefringence 流动双折射flow curve 流动曲线flow diagram 流动图flow index 流动指数flow line 流线flow temperature 流动温度fluid 流体fluid mechanics 流体力学hydrodynamics 流体力学hydronamic orientation 流体力学取向non-recoverable flow 不可逆流动；塑性流动pseudo-plastic fluid 假塑性流体pseudo-plasticity 假塑性；非宾汉塑料pseudo-viscosity 假粘度；非牛顿粘度pure viscous flow 纯粘性流动rate of shear 剪切（变）速率melt crystallization 熔融结晶melt elasticity 熔体弹性melten polymer 熔融聚合物melt flow index 熔体流动指数melt fracture 熔体破裂melt index 熔体指数melting temperature 熔融温度melting viscosity 熔融粘度melt rheology 熔体流变学melt viscosity 熔体粘度telescopic flow 层流viscous flow 粘流drag flow 粘性流动Bingham body 宾汉体Bingham flow 宾汉流动Bingham model 宾汉模型Bingham plastic fluid 宾汉塑性流体Bingham’s yield value 宾汉屈服值Bingham viscometer 宾汉粘度计extrude 挤出；挤压；压出extruding machine 挤出机extrusion 挤出；挤压extrusion molding 挤出成形extrusion swelling 挤出胀大capillary extrusion rheometer 毛细管挤出流变计necking (cold drawing) 颈缩（冷拉）；细颈现象Newtonian behavior 牛顿行为Newtonian flow 牛顿流动[纯粘性流动] Newtonian liquid 牛顿液体Newtonian viscosity 牛顿粘度non-homogeneous 不均匀的non-Newtonian behavior 非牛顿行为non-Newtonian liquid 非牛顿液体shear 剪切；切变shear-banding 剪切带shear deformation 剪切形变shear elasticity (=shear modulus) 剪切模量shear stress 剪切应力shear viscosity 剪切粘度plastic flow 塑性流动plastic fluid 塑性液体torsional moment 扭矩torsional pendulum 扭摆torsional vibration rheometer 扭转振动流变仪smelting 熔炼；熔化softening 软化softening temperature 软化温度；软化点fusion heat 熔化热laminar flow 层流polymer melt 聚合物熔体molten polymer 熔融聚合物molten state 熔融状态swelling ratio 溶胀比；胀大比phase equilibrium 相平衡phase transition 相转变第十章聚合物的电学性能\热性能\光学性能\以及表面与界面性能ageing process 老化过程ageing property 老化性能；耐老化性ageing resistance 耐老化性；抗老化性ageing time 老化时间；老成时间air permeability 透气性dielectric 电介质；介电的dielectric anisotropy 介电各向异性dielectric breakdown 介电击穿dielectric constant 介电系数；介电常数dielectric dissipation factor 介电损耗因子；介电损耗角正切dielectric heating 介电加热dielectric loss 介电损耗dielectric loss factor 介电损耗因子dielectric loss tangent 介电损耗（角）正切dielectric property 介电性质dielectric polarization 介电极化dielectric relaxation 介电松弛dielectric spectra 介电谱conductive polymer 导电聚合物flame resistance 阻燃性flame retardant 阻燃剂flammability 可燃性heat endurance 耐热性heat expansion 热膨胀heat resistance 耐热性high-temperature stability 高温稳定性heat-resistant polymer 耐热聚合物thermal conductivity [1]热导率；导热系数 [2]导热性high polymeric polyelectrolyte 高聚物电解质insulating property 绝缘性质low temperature brittleness 低温脆性thermoplastic [1]热塑性塑料 [2]热塑性的thermoplasticity 热塑性thermoset plastic 热固性塑料thermosetting plastic 热固性塑料thermosetting resin 热固性树脂thermostability 热稳定性；耐热性translucency 半透明性；半透明度transparency [1]透明性 [2]透光度triboelectricity 静电作用；摩擦生电true melting point 真熔点true strain 真应变true stress 真应力Vicat softening point 维卡软化点voltage breakdown 击穿电压wearability 耐磨性wear resistance 耐磨性weatherability 耐候性；耐老化性wettability 吸湿性；润湿性solidness 硬度；硬性strength 强度mechanical property 力学性能；机械性能thermal coefficient of expansion 热膨胀系数gas proofness 不透气性；气密性gas tight 不透气的；气密的anti-static 抗静电的breakdown strength 击穿强度doping 掺杂electric breakdown 电击穿electrodialysis 电渗析聚合物名称单词ABS resin ABS树脂aldehyde polymer 醛类聚合物aidehyde resin 缩醛树脂；聚醛树脂aldol condensation 醛醇缩合aldol resin 醛醇树脂chemical fibers 化学纤维composite 复合材料composite material 复合材料conjugate fiber 组合纤维；复合纤维high-density polyethylene 高密度聚乙烯low density polyethylene 低密度聚乙烯low molecular polymer 低聚物；低分子量聚合物low pressure processed polyethylene 低压法聚乙烯medium-density polyethylene 中密度聚乙烯phenol-aldehyde plastics 酚醛塑料phenol-aldehyde resin 酚醛树脂phenolic plastics 酚醛塑料polyacrylonitrile 聚丙烯腈polybutadiene 聚丁二烯polybutene 聚丁烯polycarbonate 聚碳酸酯polychlorovinyl 聚氯乙烯poly(ethylene terephthalate) 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯poly(methyl methacrylate) 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯poly(1-phenylethylene) 聚1-苯基亚乙基；聚苯乙烯polyvinyl formal 聚乙烯醇缩甲醛poly(phenylene ether) 聚苯醚polypropylene 聚丙烯synthetic resin 合成树脂synthetic rubber 合成橡胶synthon 合成纤维。
钢材球化率和球化级别
钢材球化率和球化级别1.引言1.1 概述概述部分的内容可以侧重介绍钢材球化率和球化级别的概念以及其在钢材领域的重要性。
以下是一个示例：钢材球化率和球化级别是钢材领域中一个重要的指标和评价体系。
钢材的球化率是指在特定工艺条件下，在钢材中形成球状组织的程度。
而球化级别是对钢材球化程度的分类和评价。
钢材球化率和球化级别的概念来源于对钢材组织结构的研究和分析。
在钢材制备过程中，钢材的组织结构对其性能和用途有着重要的影响。
通过球化处理，可以改善钢材的韧性、强度、耐磨性等性能，提高其适用性和使用寿命。
影响钢材球化率的因素很多，包括钢材的成分、冷却速度、球化处理温度和时间等。
其中，钢材的成分是影响球化率和球化级别的关键因素之一。
不同成分的钢材在球化处理过程中会出现不同的相变机制和组织结构，从而导致球化率和球化级别的差异。
钢材的球化级别是对球化率的分类和评价。
常见的球化级别包括完全球化、部分球化和未球化等。
完全球化表示钢材中几乎全部组织都呈现球状，球化程度非常高；部分球化则表示只有部分组织呈现球状，球化程度较低；而未球化则表示几乎没有球状组织形成。
准确评价钢材的球化率和球化级别对于钢材的应用和质量控制非常重要。
根据不同的使用要求和工艺需求，合理选择和控制球化率和球化级别可以提高钢材的性能、延长其使用寿命，并减少因材料缺陷而引起的事故风险。
在本文接下来的部分，将分别详细介绍钢材球化率和球化级别的定义、影响因素以及评价标准，同时探讨钢材球化率和球化级别之间的关系以及其在钢材领域中的应用和意义。
1.2 文章结构本篇长文将从引言、正文和结论三个部分展开讨论钢材球化率和球化级别的相关内容。
引言部分将对钢材球化率和球化级别的背景和意义进行概述，以及介绍文章的目的。
通过引入这一研究主题，读者可以对钢材球化率和球化级别的重要性有一个初步了解。
正文部分将分为两个主要章节，分别是钢材球化率和球化级别。
在钢材球化率章节中，我们将对其定义和意义进行阐述，并探讨影响钢材球化率的因素。
球化率 Spheroidization rate(中英文对照)
球化率球化率定义：以石墨为例。
在金相检验中，通常所见到的是几种形态的石墨共存。
在这种情况下，评定石墨的球化质量须用球化率来解决。
所谓球化率，是指在规定的视场内，所有石墨球化程度的综合指标。
它反映该视场内所有石墨接近球状的程度。
球化分级：国家标准根据石墨形态及其分布和球化率，将球墨铸铁石墨球化分为1-6级。
球墨铸铁的力学性能在很大程度上决定于球化率。
球化率与力学性能的关系：一般来说，在其他条件相同的情况下，球化率愈高，力学性能也高。
Spheroidization rateSpheroidization rate definition:Taking example for the graphite. In the metallographic examination, often see is the coexistence of several forms of graphite. In this case, spheroidization quality assessment of graphite spheroidization rate must be used to solve.The so-called nodularity, refers to the field of view, the comprehensive index of all graphite spheroidization degree. It reflects the view of all the nearly spherical degree of graphite.Ball grading:According to the national standard of graphite morphology and distribution and spheroidization rate of nodular graphite cast iron ball, will be divided into 1-6 grade. The mechanical properties of nodular cast iron depends very much on the spheroidization rate.The relationship between the ball rate and mechanical properties:Generally speaking, in other conditions are the same, the spheroidization rate is higher, the mechanical properties of high.。
材料学专业名词中英文对译
常见材料学专业名词中英文对译材料科学Material Science 材料科学定义Material ScienceDefinition加工性能Machinability 强度Strength 抗腐蚀及耐用Corrosion & resistance durability金属特性Special metallic features抗敏感及环境保护Allergic, re-cycling & environmental protection化学元素Chemical element元素的原子序数Atom of Elements原子及固体物质Atom and solid material原子的组成、大小、体积和单位图表The size, mass, charge of an atom, and is particles (Pronton,Nentron and Electron) 原子的组织图Atom Constitutes 周期表Periodic Table原子键结Atom Bonding金属与合金Metal and Alloy铁及非铁金属Ferrous & Non Ferrous Metal 金属的特性Features of Metal 晶体结构Crystal Pattern 晶体结构，定向格子及单位晶格Crystal structure, Space lattice & Unit cell X线结晶分析法X - ray crystal analyics method 金属结晶格子Metal space lattice 格子常数Lattice constant 米勒指数Mill's Index 金相及相律Metal Phase and Phase Rule 固熔体Solid solution 置换型固熔体Substitutional type solid solution 插入型固熔体Interstital solid solution 金属间化物Intermetallic compound 金属变态Transformation 变态点Transformation Point 磁性变态Magnetic Transformation 同素变态Allotropic Transformation 合金平衡状态Thermal Equilibrium相律Phase Rule1 /12自由度Degree of freedom临界温度Critical temperture共晶Eutectic包晶温度Peritectic Temperature包晶反应Peritectic Reaction包晶合金Peritectic Alloy亚共晶体Hypoeutetic Alloy过共晶体Hyper-ectectic Alloy金属塑性Plastic Deformation滑动面Slip Plan畸变Distortion硬化Work Hardening退火Annealing回复柔软Crystal Recovery 再结晶Recrystallization 金属材料的性能及试验Properties & testing of metal化学性能Chemical Properties物理性能Physical Properties颜色Colour磁性Magnetisum比电阻Specific resistivity & specific resistance比重Specific gravity & specific density 比热Specific Heat热膨胀系数Coefficient of thermal expansion 导热度Heat conductivity 机械性能Mechanical properties 屈服强度Yield strength 伸长度Elongation 断面缩率Reduction of area 金属材料的试验方法The Method of Metal inspection 不破坏检验Non - destructive inspections 渗透探伤法Penetrate inspection 磁粉探伤法Magnetic particle inspection 放射线探伤法Radiographic inspection 超声波探伤法Ultrasonic inspection 显微观察法Microscopic inspection 破坏的检验Destructive Inspection 冲击测试Impact Test疲劳测试Fatigue Test潜变测试Creep Test2/12潜变强度Creeps Strength 第壹潜变期Primary Creep 主要金属元素之物理性质Physical properties of major Metal Elements转变元素Transition element 交换能量Positive energy exchange 外价电子Outer valence electrons 化学结合Chemical bond 钢铁的主要成份The major element of steel 钢铁用“碳”之含量来分类Classification of Steel according to Carbon contents 铁相Steel Phases 钢铁的名称Name of steel 纯铁体Ferrite 渗碳体Cementitle 奥氏体Austenite 珠光体及共释钢Pearlite &Eutectoid 奥氏体碳钢Austenite Carbon Steel 单相金属Single Phase Metal 共释变态Eutectoid Transformation 珠光体Pearlite过共释钢Hype-eutectoid珠光体Pearlite粗珠光体Coarse pearlite中珠光体Medium pearlite幼珠光体Fine pearlite磁性变态点Magnetic Transformation 钢铁的制造Manufacturing of Steel 连续铸造法Continuous casting process 电炉Electric furnace 钢铁生产流程Steel Production Flow Chart钢材的熔铸、锻造、挤压及延轧The Casting, Fogging, Extrusion, Rolling & Steel熔铸Casting锻造Fogging挤压Extrusion延轧Rolling冲剪Drawing & stamping特殊钢Special Steel简介General特殊钢以原素分类Classification of Special Steel according to Element3/12特殊钢以用途来分类电解/电镀锌大大增强钢片的防锈能力Classification of Special Steel according to Galvanic Action improving Weather &End UsageSulphuric Free Cutting Steel硬化性能Hardenability钢的脆性Brittleness of Steel低温脆性Cold brittleness回火脆性Temper brittleness材料的加工性能Drawing abillity硬度Hardness表面处理Surface finishEnd usages, industrial standard, quality, condition and hardness of cold rolled steel Corrosion Resistance of the Base Steel Sheet上漆能力Paint Adhesion电镀锌钢片的焊接Welding of Electro-galvanized steel sheet 点焊Spot welding滚焊Seam welding电镀锌（电解）钢片Electro-galvanized Steel Sheet生产流程Production Flow Chart锌镀层质量Zinc Coating Massstrip硬度及拉力Hardness & Tensile strengthtest拉伸测试（顺纹测试）Elongation test 曲面（假曲率）Camber 防止生锈Rust Protection 生锈速度表Speed of rusting 焊接Welding气焊Gas Welding埋弧焊Submerged-arc Welding 电阻焊Resistance Welding表面处理Surface Treatment冷轧钢片Cold-Rolled SteelSheet/Strip热轧钢片Hot-Rolled Sheet/Strip电解冷轧钢片厚度公差Thickness Tolerance of Electrolytic Cold-rolled sheet热轧钢片厚度公差Thickness Tolerance of Hot-rolled sheet冷轧或热轧钢片阔度公差WidthTolerance of Cold or Hot-rolled sheet4/12长度公差Length Tolerance 理论质量Theoretical Mass 简介General 硬度Hardness 钢的种类Type of Steel 表面处理Surface Finish 常用尺寸Commonly Used Size 电器用硅［硅］钢片Electrical Steel Sheet 软磁材料Soft Magnetic Material 硬磁材料Hard Magnetic Material 最大能量积Maximum Energy Product 晶粒取向(Grain-Oriented) 及非晶粒取向(Non-Oriented) Grain Oriented & Non-Oriented电器用硅［硅］钢片的最终用途及规格End Usage and Designations of Electrical Steel Strip 电器用的硅［硅］钢片之分类Classification of Silicon Steel Sheet for Electrical Use电器用钢片的绝缘涂层Performance of Surface Insulation of Electrical Steel Sheets退火Annealing 电器用钢片用家需自行应力退火原因Annealing of the Electrical Steel Sheet 退火时注意事项Annealing Precautionary 提防过份氧化No Excessive Oxidation 应力退火温度Stress -relieving Annealing Temperature 绝缘表面Surface Insulation镀铝硅合金钢片的特色Feature of Aluminized Silicon Alloy Steel Sheet用途End Usages抗化学品能力Chemical Resistance 公差Size Tolerance焊接能力Weldability钢板Steel Plate钢板用途分类及各国钢板的工业标准包括日工标准及美材试标准Type of steel Plate & Related JIS, ASTM and Other Major Industrial Standards 钢板生产流程Production Flow Chart 钢板订货需知Ordering of Steel Plate 不锈钢Stainless SteelDefinition of Stainless Steel不锈钢的定义5/12不锈钢之分类，耐腐蚀性及耐热性Classification, Corrosion Resistant & Heat Resistance of Stainless Steel铁銘系不锈钢片Chrome Stainless Steel表面处理Surface finish不锈钢片机械性能(301, 304, 631, CSP) Mechanical Properties of Spring use Stainless Steel不锈钢-种类，工业标准，化学成份，特点及主要用途Stainless Steel - Type, Industrial Standard, Chemical Composition, Characteristic & end usage of the most commonly used Stainless Steel 不锈钢薄片用途例End Usage of Thinner Gauge不锈钢片、板用途例Examples of End Usages of Strip, Sheet & Plate不锈钢应力退火卷片常用规格名词图解General Specification of Tension Annealed Stainless Steel Strips耐热不锈钢Heat-Resistance Stainless Steel線铭系耐热不锈钢特性、化学成份、及操作温度Heat-Resistance Stainless Steel銘系耐热钢Chrome Heat Resistance Steel線銘耐热钢Ni - Cr Heat Resistance Steel超耐热钢Special Heat Resistance Steel抗热超级合金Heat Resistance Super Alloy边缘处理Edge Finish硬度Hardness高碳钢化学成份及用途高碳钢片High Carbon Steel Strip分类Classification用组织结构分类ClassificationAccording to Grain Structure用含碳量分类-即低碳钢、中碳钢及高碳钢Classification According to Carbon Contains弹簧用碳钢片CarbonSteel Strip For Spring Use 冷轧状态Cold Rolled Strip 回火状态Annealed Strip 淬火及回火状态Hardened & Tempered Strip/ Precision - Quenched Steel Strip贝氏体钢片Bainite Steel Strip 弹簧用碳钢片材之边缘处理Edge Finished淬火剂Quenching Media碳钢回火Tempering回火有低温回火及高温回火Low & High Temperature Tempering 咼温回火High Temperature Tempering退火Annealing完全退火Full Annealing扩散退火Diffusion Annealing低温退火Low Temperature Annealing 中途退火Process Annealing球化退火Spheroidizing Annealing光辉退火Bright Annealing 淬火Quenching时间淬火Time Quenching马氏铁体淬火Marquenching高碳钢片用途End Usage of High CarbonSteel Strip冷轧高碳钢-日本工业标准Cold-Rolled (Special Steel) Carbon Steel Strip to JIS G3311电镀金属钢片Plate Metal Strip电镀金属捆片的优点Advantage of Using Plate Metal Strip金属捆片电镀层Plated Layer of Plated Metal Strip镀镰Nickel Plated镀銘Chrome Plated镀黄铜Brass Plated基层金属Base Metal of Plated MetalStrip低碳钢或铁基层金属Iron & Low Carbon as Base Metal不锈钢基层金属Stainless Steel as BaseMetal铜基层金属Copper as Base Metal黄铜基层金属Brass as Base Metal 7/12轴承合金Bearing Alloy 易溶合金Fusible Alloy 化学成份Chemical Composition 机械性能Mechanical Properties 化学成份Chemical composition Manufacturing Method 应用材料Material Used 特点Characteristic 用途End Usages 材料的类型Types of materials, metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, elastomer 部分材料性质复习Review of selected properties of materials, 电导率和电阻率conductivity and resistivity,热导率thermal conductivity, 应力和应变stress and strain, 弹性应变elastic strain, 塑性应变plastic strain, 屈服强度yield strength, 最大抗拉强度ultimate tensile strength, 最大强度ultimate strength, 延展性ductility, 伸长率elongation, 断而收缩率reduction of area, 颈缩necking, 断裂强度breaking strength, 韧性toughness, 硬度hardness, 疲劳强度fatigue strength, 蜂窝honeycomb, 热脆性heat shortness, 晶胞中的原子数atoms per cell, 点阵lattice,阵点lattice point, 点阵参数lattice parameter, 密排六方hexagonal close-packed, 六方晶胞hexagonal unit cell, 体心立方body-centered cubic, 面心立方face-centered cubic, 弥勒指数Miller indices, 晶面crystal plane, 晶系crystal system, 晶向crystal direction, 相变机理Phase transformation mechanism: 成核生长相变nucleation - grow th transition, 斯宾那多分解spinodal decomposition 有序无序转变disordered-order transition, 马氏体相变martensite phase transformation, 成核nucleation,成核机理nucleation mechanism, 成核势垒nucleation barrier, 晶核，结晶中心nucleus of crystal, 金属组织的）基体quay, 基体，基块，基质，结合剂matrix, 子晶，雏晶matted crystal, 籽晶，晶种seed crystal, 籽晶取向seed orientation, 籽晶生长seeded growth, 均质核化homogeneous nucleation, 异质核化heterogeneous nucleation, 均匀化热处理homogenization heat treatment, 熟料grog, 自恰场self-consistent field 固溶体Solid solution: 有序固溶体ordered solid solution, 无序固溶体disordered solid solution, 有序合金ordered alloy, 无序合金disordered alloy.无序点阵disordered lattice, 分散，扩散，弥散dispersal, 分散剂dispersant, 分散剂，添加剂dispersant additive, 分散剂，弥散剂dispersant agent 缺陷defect, imperfection, 点缺陷point defect, 线缺陷line defect, dislocation, 面缺陷interface defect, surface defect, 体缺陷volume defect, 位错排歹ij dislocation arrangement, 位错阵列dislocation array, 位错气团dislocation atmosphere, 位错轴dislocation axis, 位错胞dislocation cell, 位错爬移dislocation climb, 位错滑移dislocation slip, dislocation movement by slip,位错聚结dislocation coalescence, 位错核心能量dislocation core energy, 位错裂纹dislocation crack, 位错阻尼dislocation damping, 位错密度dislocation density, 体积膨胀volume dilation, 体积收缩volume shrinkage,回火tempering, 退火annealing, 退火的，软化的softened, 软化退火，软化（处理）softening, 淬火quenching,淬火硬化quenching hardening, 正火normalizing, normalization, 退火织构annealing texture, 人工时效artificial aging, 细长比aspect ratio, 形变热处理ausforming, 等温退火austempering, 奥氏体austenite,奥氏体化austenitizing, 贝氏体bainite, 马氏体martensite, 马氏体淬火marquench, 马氏体退火martemper, 马氏体时效钢maraging steel, 渗碳体cementite,固溶强化solid solution strengthening, 钢屑混凝土steel chips concrete, 水玻璃，硅酸钠sodium silicate, 水玻璃粘结剂sodium silicate binder, 硅酸钠类防水剂sodium silicate waterproofing agent, 扩散diffusion, 扩散系数diffusivity, 相变phase transition, 烧结sintering, 固相反应solid-phase reaction, 相图与相结构phase diagrams and phase structures, 相phase, 组分component, 自由度freedom, 相平衡phase equilibrium, 吉布斯相律Gibbs phase rule, 吉布斯自由能Gibbs free energy, 吉布斯混合能Gibbs energy of mixing, 吉布斯爛Gibbs entropy, 吉布斯函数Gibbs function, 相平衡phase balance, 相界phase boundary, 相界线phase boundary line, 相界交联phase boundary crosslinking,相界有限交联phase boundary crosslinking,相界反应phase boundary reaction, 相变phase change,相组成phase composition,共格相phase-coherent,金相相组织phase constentuent,相分布phase distribution,相平衡常数phase equilibrium constant, 相平衡图phase equilibrium diagram, 相分离phase segregation, phase separation, 玻壬离分木日phase separation in glasses,相丿F phase order, phase sequence,相稳定性phase stability,相态phase state,相稳定区phase stabile range,相变温度phase transition temperature,相变压力phase transition pressure, 同质多晶转变polymorphic transformation,相平衡条件phase equilibrium conditions, 显微结构microstructures,转熔型固溶体peritectic solid solution, 低共熔体eutectoid, crystallization,不混溶性immiscibility,固态反应solid state reaction,烧结sintering,相变机理Phase transformation mechanism:成核生长相变nucleation-growth transition,斯宾那多分解spinodal decomposition, 有序无序转变disordered-order transition, 马氏体相变martensite phase transformation,成核nucleation,成核机理nucleation mechanism,成核势垒nucleation barrier,晶核,结晶中心nucleus of crystal,（金属组织的）基体quay,基体，基块，基质，结合剂matrix,子晶，雏晶matted crystal,籽晶，晶种seed crystal,籽晶取向seed orientation,籽晶生长seeded growth,不混溶固溶体immiscible solid solution, 均质核化homogeneous nucleation,11/12异质核化heterogeneous nucleation, 均匀化热处理homogenization heat treatment。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
球化率
球化率定义：
以石墨为例。
在金相检验中，通常所见到的是几种形态的石墨共存。
在这种情况下，评定石墨的球化质量须用球化率来解决。
所谓球化率，是指在规定的视场内，所有石墨球化程度的综合指标。
它反映该视场内所有石墨接近球状的程度。
球化分级：
国家标准根据石墨形态及其分布和球化率，将球墨铸铁石墨球化分为1-6级。
球墨铸铁的力学性能在很大程度上决定于球化率。
球化率与力学性能的关系：
一般来说，在其他条件相同的情况下，球化率愈高，力学性能也高。
Spheroidization rate
Spheroidization rate definition:
Taking example for the graphite. In the metallographic examination, often see is the coexistence of several forms of graphite. In this case, spheroidization quality assessment of graphite spheroidization rate must be used to solve.
The so-called nodularity, refers to the field of view, the comprehensive index of all graphite spheroidization degree. It reflects the view of all the nearly spherical degree of graphite.
Ball grading:
According to the national standard of graphite morphology and distribution and spheroidization rate of nodular graphite cast iron ball, will be divided into 1-6 grade. The mechanical properties of nodular cast iron depends very much on the spheroidization rate.
The relationship between the ball rate and mechanical properties:
Generally speaking, in other conditions are the same, the spheroidization rate is higher, the mechanical properties of high.。