上海中考英语语法重点整理复习课程
最新上海中考英语语法选择专项复习教学讲义ppt课件
方法三：排除法
在对四个选项难以确定的情况下，考生可 以采取逐个排除法，把没有被排除的答案 定为正确答案。
— Where’s Lucy?
— I’m not sure. She ____ in the library.
句中没有谓语动词
A. maybe
B. must be
C. may be
D. may
3.We have got two TV set, but __C___ works well.
A. any B. both C. neither D. either
4.It___ ten years since we last _B___ in Beijing.
A. was, met B. has been, met C. was, meet D. is ,meet
in the next room. A. to sing B. sings C. sing D. singing
hear sb do(经常或做过)
doing（正在做）
The boy was seen __________ into the house and go upstairs an hour ago.
3) This is a big class and _C___ of the students are girls.
A. two third B. second three C. two thirds D. two three
4) – I’ve had enough bread ,would you like _D_____.
-Oh, my mother asks me _B___ some food for supper.
上海重点初中英语语言点及语法总结归纳
上海重点初中英语语言点及语法总结归纳一、基本句型和基本语法：1.基本句型：-英语句子结构：主语+谓语+宾语-句子类型：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句2.基本语法：-一般现在时：用于表示客观事实和真理-一般过去时：用于表示过去发生的动作或状态-现在进行时：用于表示现在正在进行的动作-一般将来时：用于表示将来的动作或状态二、词性和词组：1.名词：表示人、动物、事物或抽象概念的名称2.形容词：修饰名词，表示事物的特征或性质3.副词：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示程度、方式或时间等4.动词：表示动作或状态，分为不及物动词和及物动词5.代词：代替名词使用，分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词和不定代词等6.介词短语：表示时间、地点、原因、目的、方式等关系7. 固定短语：常用的固定搭配，如"look forward to"、"take place"等三、语法：1.一般现在时的用法：- 表示客观事实和真理，如"The sun rises in the east."- 表示经常、频率或习惯性的动作，如"I usually go to bed at 10 o'clock."- 表示通用真理，如"Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius."- 表示感觉、态度或观点，如"I like reading books."2.一般过去时的用法：- 表示过去具体的动作或状态，如"I played football yesterday."- 表示过去的习惯动作，如"Every day, he went to school by bus."- 表示过去的经常性动作，如"We often visited our grandparents on weekends."3.现在进行时的用法：- 表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，如"She is watching TV now."- 表示将来的安排或计划，如"I am meeting my friends this afternoon."- 表示不断重复的动作，如"He is always talking in class."4.一般将来时的用法：- 表示将来即将发生或计划中的动作，如"We will go shopping tomorrow."-表示将来的打算或意愿- 表示将来的预测或推测，如"It will rain tomorrow."5. 过去进行时的用法：表示过去一些时间正在进行的动作或事情，如"She was reading a book yesterday evening."总结：以上是对上海(牛津版)初中英语教材的重点语言点和语法进行的总结归纳。
上海中考英语最后冲刺讲义第2讲—语态+词义辨析+非谓语+阅读D篇+作文提升 教师版.doc
中考英语冲刺讲义-第2讲教师版一'专题知识梳理1）语态注意be动词时态；注意情态动词+be done注意be动词的单复数注意过去分词的拼写2）常考动词辨析read, watch, look, see4 个参力口: take part in,join,join in,attend4 个花费:cost,take,spend,payraise 和risespeak, say, tell, talkfill, be full ofborrow, lend, keep3 个至0达:get to,reach,arrive in/atbring, take, carryoffer, provide:offer sb sth=offer sth to sb;provide sb with sth二provide sth for sb.used 的用法:used to do;be used to do=be used for doing;be used to doing;be used to sth succeed 和manage to take place/hold/happenlie 和lay3）非谓语/动词搭配3.后加doing二' 专题精讲三' 专题过关1 Please _________ your coat. Ifs very hot inside the room.A) show off B) take off C) turn off D) put off2.The successful space walk of Zhai Zhigang is helpful to ________ a space station.A) look up B) take up C) set up D) pick upI can't the maths problem within an hour. Ifs very difficult. A) take out B) work out C) put out The school sports meeting will be _______ because of the heavy rain.A) put off B) put on C) put outMany students have toA) stay up B) put up C) give upLadies and gentlemen, attention, please. The plane will ______A) take off B) take up C) set out The medicine _______ to be effective. He stopped coughing that night.A) turned over B) turned out C) turned on ---Don't _______ , children. I'm sure you will win. ---Thank you, Mrs. White. We ?ll try our best. A) put up B) give up C) wake up You should ________ the right meaning of the word in the dictionary. A) look for B) look after C) look upAn English short play will beA) put on B) put inC) put upD) put downPlease raise your hand if you have any question, The underlined word means " __________ '，.A)look up B) pick up C) put up D) take up The old man at the bus stop found it difficult for him to _________ the crowded bus.A) get up B) get on C) get off D) get along You should never jump to conclusions. Please ________ before you decide. A) show it off B) throw it away C) give it up D) think it over The kind girl promises to ______ charity as her job when she grows up. A) take up B) take off C) take out D) take away The airplane to Beijing ________ from Pudong Airport on time this morning. A) took away B) took outC) took upD) took off It was cold in the morning, so he ________ his hat and coat before going out. D) look outD) put up their hobbies because of their busy schoolwork. B) put up C) give up D) look up in ten minutes. D) set upD) turned intoD) go upD) look atat the Children's Palace during the winter holidays.A) turned onB) lived on C) put on I think I will _______ fishing as a hobby after I retire in a few years. A) take up B) take off C) take out Don't _______ y our coat, Jane! It's easy to catch a cold in spring. A) take off B) take away C) take out Don't _______ t oo late, or you'll feel tired in tomorrow's class. D) got on D) take away D) take downA) stay up B) take up C) wake up D) get up-一 Mind your steps! Don't you see the words “ ______ the grass 95? …Oh, I am sorry. A) Take outB) Take offC) Keep outD) Keep off21.His idea _____ to be right though some people complained much about that at first.A） turned over B） turned down C） turned up D） turned out22.If we take a shower instead of a bath, more water ___________ .A） will save B） is saved C） will be saved D） saves23.Uncle Tom grows tomatoes in the field every year.（该为被动语态）Tomatoes ___________________ b y Uncle Tom in the field every year.24.People have painted buildings beautifully in many new housing estates.（改为被动语态）Buildings have ___________________ beautifully in many new housing estates.25.The government has made laws to stop people from drink-driving.（改为被动语态）Laws ___________________ made to stop people from drink-driving by the government.26.They will repair my newly-bought camera in four days.（改为被动语态）My newly-bought camera ___________________ repaired in four days.【答案】1-5BCBAC 6-10ABBCA 11-15CBDAD 16-20CAAAD 21-22DC23-26are grown;been painted;has been;will be阅读回答问题技巧1.读懂问题，分清问题的种类，避免答非所问。
上海中考英语必考语法点梳理
上海中考英语必考语法点梳理⼀. 宾语从句1. 宾语从句的含义在整个句⼦中做宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。
如：She knew that the teacher had seen the film.她知道这位⽼师看过这部电影。
（“that the teacher had seen the film”做knew 的宾语，同时⼜是由连接词that 引导的从句，所以它叫做宾语从句。
）2. 宾语从句的分类（1）动词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于动词后⾯的宾语从句。
例如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
（2）介词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于介词后⾯的宾语从句。
例如：I agree with what you said just now.我同意你刚才说的话。
（3）形容词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于形容词后⾯的宾语从句。
例如：I am afraid that I will be late. 恐怕我要迟到了。
3. 引导名词性从句的连接词（1）that：没有含义，在宾语从句中不做成分（2）whether/if：表⽰是否，在宾语从句中不做成分。
I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后，他是否还住在这⾥。
（3）连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose（在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语）连接副词：where, when, how, why（在宾语从句中做状语）The small children don't know what is in their stockings．（what 在宾语从句中做主语）这些⼩孩⼦不知道什么在他们的长筒袜⾥。
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？（why 在宾语从句中做原因状语）你能告诉我为什么你今天早上开会迟到吗？4. 在做宾语从句的题⽬时应注意两点（1）时态①当主句是现在时态时，宾语从句可以根据需要使⽤任何时态。
上海中考英语复习讲义精华
一、名词1、以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es，如：country--countries。
请区别：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词，则只须加s。
如：monkey--monkeys。
2、man--men，woman--women，policeman--policemen,Frenchman--Frenchmen请区别：German(德国人)—Germans (3)child—children3、有些名词看似复数形式，实际上是单数。
这一点是同学不易掌握的，应特别加以记忆。
如：news(消息)，maths(数学)，physics(物理) No news is good news.4、常见的不可数名词有：water，rice，fish，meat，等。
应特别记work,homework,housework ,medicine,news,money,chalk,weather,cotton,wood二、冠词1、在复数姓氏前加the，表示××一家人，常看成复数。
如：The Browns are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer.2、特别注意不能用定冠词the的几个方面：(1)在节日、星期、月份、季节、年等词前不用冠词。
(2)如：in summer,in August请区别：in the spring of 1945. (这里表示特指，故加the)(2)一日三餐和球类运动名不用冠词。
如：have breakfast ,play football形容词1、不规则变化，须熟记：good/well-better-best many/much-more-most far-farther-farthestbad/badly/ill-worse-worst little-less-least2、注意点：1.形容词最高级前一定要用the,副词最高级前可省略。
上海初中英语知识点总结及教材知识点梳理
初中英语（牛津版）知识点总结中考上海卷考试手册-英语卷一、考试性质和命题指导思想上海市初中毕业英语科统一学业考试是义务教育阶段的终结性考试。
它的指导思想是有利于推进中小学实施素质教育，有利于推进中小学课程改革，有利于促进初中教育教学改革，有利于切实减轻中学生过重的学业负担，有利于培养学的创新精神和实践能力，有利于促进学生全面和谐、富有个性的发展，有利于学生在高中教育阶段的可持续发展。
考试结果既是衡量初中学生是否达到毕业标准的重要依据，也是高中阶段各类学校招生的重要依据。
考试对象为2012年完成上海市全日制九年义务教育学业的九年级学生。
二、考试目标英语科统一学业考试旨在测试考生的英语基础知识和运用英语进行交际的能力。
在语言知识和语言能力之间侧重对语言能力的考核。
语言知识包括语音、词汇、语法以及语言功能。
语言能力包括运用语言获取和了解信息的能力，以及按情景或要求传递信息、表达思想的能力。
依据《上海市中小学英语课程标准（征求意见稿）》（2004年11月版）规定的六年至九年级教学目标，确定语言知识和语言能力的考试目标如下:I.语言知识主要测试学生在具体语境中对常用词汇、基础语法和常用语言功能的记忆、理解和应用。
II.语言能力1.听主要测试学生理解口头英语的能力（1）从所听材料中获取事实信息的能力；（2）理解所听材料的基本内容及上下文关系的能力；（3）推断所听材料的隐含意思的能力。
2.读主要测试学生理解书面英语的能力。
（1）从各类语篇中获取事实信息的能力；（2）根据上下文理解词句意义的能力；（3）理解和归纳语篇主旨大意的能力；（4）推测语篇隐含意义的能力。
3.写主要测试学生根据要求进行书面表达的能力（1）运用词汇和语法知识写出正确的句子的能力；（2）用通顺连贯的语言围绕一个主题进行表达的能力。
三、考试内容以上海市中小学课程教材改革委员会制定的《上海市中小学英语课程标准》（征求意见稿）规定的教材内容为考试的范围，包括《英语》（牛津上海版）六年级到九年级（共八本）（上海教育出版社和牛津版大学出版社共同出版）及《英语》（新世纪版）六年级到九年级（共八本）（上海外国语教育出版社出版）。
上海中考英语各语法点基础考点归纳
冠词一、固定词组1. 有些固定词组中有the : in the middle of, go to the cinema/ movies, play the violin/ piano/ guitar, in the end, the same2. 有些词组中不用任何冠词：by bus, play football, play chess, go to school, go to bed, at first, lose weight3. 有些词组中加a: catch a bus, in a hurry, take a walk,二、专有名词前1.国家、城市等专有名词前不加the : Shanghai, in New York, in America，但是the United Sates 要加the2. 由普通名词构成的专有名词前加the Great Wall,3. 江河、海洋、山川前加the: the Yangtze River, the Pacific, the Yellow Mountains 三．一日三餐、四季、一星期七天及十二个月，next前不加任何冠词1. for breakfast/lunch/supper2. in spring/ summer /autumn /winter3.on Monday /Tuesday /Wednesday /Thursday /Friday /Saturday / Sunday4.inJanuary,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,De cember四、宇宙中独一无二的事物，序数词，形容词最高级，only所修饰的名词前用the1. the sun, the moon, the earth2. the eighth, the twelfth, the twentieth, the fourth3. the biggest, the most popular4. the only key五、形容词加the, 表示这一类人the blind, the deaf, the old, the rich, the poor六、单词前面用“an”还是“a”取决于单词开头的读音是否是原音1. a: a useful dictionary, a university student, a European village, a one-eyed captain, a uniform2. an: an hour, an honest girl, an e-mail, an important letter, an exchange student, an unclean X-ray photograph, an MBA course,There is __an __”f” in the word “first”. ( f, h, l, m, n, s, x, r, )介词分类记忆：一、时间介词具体哪一天on, 几点钟前用at, 年、月份前用in, 早上、下午、晚上用in, 但是具体某一天的早上、下午、晚上用on。
牛津上海版英语中考复习语法阅读Lesson1讲义
L1Part1 Intensive ReadingCan ChatGPT Help Deliver Bad News?As an oncologist(肿瘤科医生),I've delivered bad news countless times. It's always hard to find the right words.One memory stays with me to this day. I was one of the trainees at a munication skills program. Professional actors came to us at various stages of their “illness." In small groups, we learned how to deliver bad news to them.On the final day, there was an exam. My “patient” was a middleaged man with terminal cancer(晚期癌).He had tried many different treatments, but nothing had worked. “I got this," I thought. Break the news gently but honestly to avoid confusion. Pause and look at him. “I can see that this must be difficult for you," I began. “I, too,wish things were different."Above all, don ’t be clever. Just be honest and kind. The man started crying. My pulse (脉) quickened.“I'm sorry.“ But I have so much to live for ...”We could try other treatments elsewhere. Stop, I can't say that.Silence. plete silence.“And the holiday with my grand kids ...”Take this opportunity. Give him hope. Ask what he might do on the holiday.The learning was there, but I was stuck for words. Thank God, l thought, the man wasn’t really sick.The feedback (反馈意见) was terrible. From the moment he met me, my “patient”felt bad because of my uneasiness (优虑不安).“How easy it is to destroy the human spirit (精神)!" I thought. Good munication is key to patient satisfaction. However, it’s surprising how little time is spent teaching doctors how to do it well.Training programs are rare.But now we have ChatGPT. Will it help? To find out, I did a little experiment. “I'm an oncologist. Help me deliver bad news,” I typed in. “ What can I get wrong with my munication? I need tips on how to support my patients who are receiving bad news.” The answers were detailed and helpful. But my favorite line was, “Before we go on, I want to make sure you're fortable having this conversation now. Make sure to stop me. We can take this at your pace(节奏).”I was embarrassed. I couldn’t remember the last time I had said those words.Sure, ChatGPT won 't offer a gentle touch or sense the tears. And some might warn against relying on it for human jobs. But until there are professional programs for all young doctors to learn how to deliver bad news, I’ll tell them to use ChatGPT' in times of need.Part2 Choose1. Tom is not at school. Do you know what happened ______?A.with himB. to himC. to heD. for he2. My mother is ______. I have to look after her.A. in the hospitalB. at a hospitalC. in hospitalD. in a hospital3. Did you hear someone ______ at the door?A. knocksB. to knockC. knockedD. knocking4. The teacher told the children, “It is very important ______ careful ______ fire.”A. to be; withB. is; withC. being; withD. to be; to5. She saw ______ boy playing with his dog.A. a eightyearoldB. an eightyearsoldC. an eightyearoldD. a eightyearsold6. The story sounds ______.A. InterestinglyB. interestingC. interestedD. danger7. John told me to ______ the pictures ______ tomorrow.A. take; hereB. bring; thereC. taking; thereD. bring; here8. There ______ a lot of ______ in the kitchen and it was very ______.A. was; smoke; hotB. were; smokes; hotC. was; smoke; hotterD. were; smoke; hotter9. Do you ______ drive on the left in English?A. have toB. mustC. shouldD. may10. It's very hot today. Please keep the windows ______.A. openingB. openC. opensD. to open11. — May I play with my dog?— I'm afraid not. You can't play with it ______ you finish your homework.A. whenB. untilC. afterD. because12. I'm afraid I won't ______ finish reading the book in two days.A. canB. couldC. be able toD. may13. They have ______.A. enough food to eatB. food enough eatC. enough food eatingD. food enough eating14. — Must I clean the cage today?— No, you ______.A. mustn'tB. can'tC. needn'tD. may not15. — May I take my pet to school?— No, you ______.A. may notB. might notC. needn'tD. can't16. She ______ so much ______ her mother.A. looks; likeB. looks; forC. looks; afterD. looks forward; to17. Mr. White likes to live in a ______ place.A. quiteB. quietC. quickD. quietly18. Kate has a cat ______ Mimi.A. calledB. callC. to callD. calling19. The teacher told the children to keep the classroom ______.A. to cleanB. cleansC. cleanD. cleaned20. He doesn't smoke and hates women ______.A. smokesB. smokeC. smokedD. smoking21. — How often do you clean the fish tank?— ______.A.This afternoonB. Only onceC. Once a monthD. For two days22. Tom's gold fish died because he gave them ______ food.A. too muchB. much tooC. a fewD. too many23. I need ______ candles. Please pass them to me.A. two moreB. one moreC. more twoD. more one24. I ______, because I don't want to be late for school.A. am used to getting up earlyB. used to getting up earlyC. am used to get up earlyD. used to get up early25. All the students in my class did their homework except ______.A. Jane and IB. Jane and mineC. I and JaneD. Jane and me26. Will you please give the boy ______ to eat?A. favorite somethingB. different anythingC. popular everythingD. something delicious27. Mr. Wang told his son ______ football on the road.A. not playB. to not playC. not to playD. doesn't play28. Both ______ watches were broken.A. Jim and Tom'sB. Jim's and Tom'sC. Jim's and TomD. Jim and Tom29. — Don't forget to bring your son here next time, please.— ______.A. No, I don'tB. No, I won'tC. No, I canD. Yes, I do30. I saw the boy ______ the classroom.A. enter intoB. enterC. to enter intoD. to enter31. Miss Li is ______ our teacher ______ our friend.A. neither; norB. either; orC. not only; but alsoD. either; nor32. He began learning English ______ the age of five.A. ForB. onC. inD. at33. His job is ______ cars.A. to repairB. repairedC. repairsD. repair34. We should protect our eyes ______ sunglasses.A. in wearB. by wearingC. with wearingD. to wear35. He visited Uncle Li ______ a cold morning.A. onB. inC. atD. for36. They often ______ school activities after school.A. joinB. doC. take part inD. play with37. I have seen the movie ______ times.A. the number ofB. a number ofC.muchD. a number38. The boy is made ______ the room every day.A. cleanB. cleaningC. to cleanD. cleans39. You can find some ______ on the Internet.A. informationsB. informationC. pictureD. story40. The ______ girl is looked well by her grandmother.A. fiveyearsoldB. five year oldC. fiveyears oldD. fiveyearold41. Great changes ______ in the last ten years.A. have taken placeB. have been taken placeC. took placeD. were taken place42. ______ does your brother ______?A. How; look likeB. What; look likeC. What; lookD. How; looks43. You must have left your glasses ______.A. somewhere elseB. anywhere elseC. somewhere otherD. some other where44. I will talk with you about it ______ time.A. the otherB. othersC. anotherD. the others45. When I was walking in the street, I saw him ______ his brother.A. to quarrel withB. quarrels withC. quarrel withD. quarrelling with46. All the students like the teachers who ______ their lessons interesting.A. makesB. makeC. makingD. to make47. We'd better go and tell her the ______ news. I'm sure she will be very ______ it.A. surprised; surprising inB. interested; interesting inC. interesting; interested atD. surprising; surprised at48. We can watch the TV programmes from other countries ______ the satellites.A. becauseB. because ofC. ifD. that49. The teacher told us not ______ our dictionaries to school the next day.A. to bringB. to takeC. bringD. take50. I will go to visit my uncle ______ next week.A. sometimesB. some timesC. some timeD. sometimePart 3 ReadingAElectricity is the flow of electrical power or charge. It is a secondary energy source which means that we get it from the conversion (转化) of other sources of energy, l 1 coal, natural gas, oil, nuclear power and other natural sources, which are called primary sources. The energy sources we use to make electricity can be renewable (可再生的) or nonrenewable, but electricity itself is neither renewable nor nonrenewable.Electricity is a basic part of nature and it is one of our most widely used forms of e 2 . Many cities and towns were built along waterfalls that turned water wheels to work. Thomas Edison helped c 3 everyone's life he perfected his invention the electric light bulb.A 4 electricity is very important in our daily life, most of us hardly stop to think what life would be like w 5 electricity. Yet like air and water, we tend to take electricity for granted. Everyday, we use electricity to do many j 6 for us from lighting and heating / cooling our homes, to powering our televisions and puters. Electricity is a useful and convenient form of energy used in the applications of light, heat and p 7 .BPeople think that a good conversationalist should be an attentive listener. Ask questions that other people will enjoy answering. Encourage them to talk about themselves and what they have done. Diogenes, the Greek philosopher also said,“The reason why we have two ears and only one mouth is that we may listen m 1 and talk less!”Try listening! Here are some e 2 about listening: (A neighbor of mine talking about her child) One evening last week I was sitting with Hannah, and she said to me,“You are a smart Mum!” And I said,“Why do you say that suddenly?”And she said,“Although you are always busy,you always stop what you are doing to lis ten to me.”“You have to force your buyer to talk, to enter the c 3 , if you expect to talk your way to successful sale, the only way you can do this is to stop talking yourself and listen.”(From How to Talk your Way to Success in Selling) Airline employees are taught how to listen to plaints. If they are able to show sympathy and to listen long enough, the passengers’ problems will begin to seem less important.Psychologists (心理学家) and d 4 also know that listening is part of their job. If they listen with care and concern the patient, they may even solve the problem! Here are some advice they give：◆ S 5 the other person that you are listening.◆ Look at them.◆ Smile and nod quite often.◆ S 6 your head or raise your eyebrows if you don't follow what they are saying.◆ Don't tap your foot because this will show impatience.◆ Don't look at your watch u 7 you really have to know the time.。
牛津上海版九年级初三中考英语-备考精品课ppt课件
并列连词和从属连词必考；〔易错点〕
语音 介词
代词 连词
级必考〔设难点〕；系表构造是重点
描画词和副词
2021-2021语法考点分析
梳理必考点，关注不常调查的对象
选择题调查 选择题和句转同时调查 区分本意是关键，推测稀有
感慨句 宾语从句
情态动词
两题单纯的时态题，或者时态与语 态结合，与句转分开考
姓名
王林
性别 男
本人特点 身体健康；学习刻苦；乐于助人； 与同学友好相处
“爱心”表 现
加入目的
（见图片） 1.… 2. …
命题教师出主旨大意题的目的是？ 主要是调查学生的总结才干
What is the main idea of the passage？ What is the purpose of this article
What is the best title for the passage?
命题方式
Main idea 要素的浓缩
is upset about a coming exam for she cares too much about the result. What do you think? Try to offer her some advice
How to write a good composition(作文)?
attention to the details. you're sure to have a much clearer
memory of events.
Part III
阅读
根据词性找准分析的方向：
1. Today, the whole world is calling for better care of tray animals. And many countries have already taken lots of effective ways. In the UK and US, the WSPA helps animals find new homes. It also provides m_e_d_ic_a_l_ service for unwanted sick animals. The society has a 24-hour animal abuse 〔虐待〕hotline. Anyone can call if she or he finds that someone is hurting an animal.
上海初中英语语法知识点
上海初中英语语法知识点1.词性和词义-名词：用于表示人、动物、事物、地点、时间等概念，并且可以充当主语、宾语等。
-代词：用于代替名词，可以充当主语、宾语等。
-形容词：用于描述名词的特征、性质、状态等。
-副词：用于修饰动词、形容词、其他副词等，表示时间、程度、方式、地点等。
-动词：用于表示动作或状态。
-介词：用于表示名词或代词与其他词之间的关系，常常用来表示时间、地点、方式、原因等。
-连词：用于连接词与词、词组与词组或句子与句子。
-数词：用于表示数量。
-冠词：用于限定名词。
2.句子结构-主语：表示动作所作用的对象或发出动作的人或物。
-谓语：表示主语的动作、状态或存在。
-宾语：表示动作的对象，又称受词。
-表语：说明主语的身份、特性、状态等。
-定语：对名词或代词进行修饰。
-状语：对动词、形容词、副词、句子进行修饰。
-补语：对谓语动词进行补充，使句子完整。
-定语从句：用来对名词进行进一步的说明和限定。
3.时态和语态-一般现在时：表示经常性的动作、习惯性的动作或真理。
-现在进行时：表示具体正在进行的动作。
-一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或状态。
-过去进行时：表示在过去其中一时间正在进行的动作。
-一般将来时：表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。
-祈使句：表示请求、命令、建议等。
-被动语态：表示动作的承受者是谁，强调是动作的承受者，而不是动作的执行者。
4.动词时态和语态的使用-一般现在时：常用于表示经常性动作或客观事实。
-现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作或状态。
-一般过去时：表示过去一些时间的动作或状态。
-过去进行时：表示过去一些时间正在进行的动作。
-一般将来时：表示将来一些时间要发生的动作或进行的状态。
-被动语态：用于强调动作的承受者。
5.形容词的比较级和最高级-比较级：用于表示两个事物比较的程度。
-最高级：用于表示三个或以上事物比较的程度。
6.介词的使用- 表示地点：at, in, on, to, from, between, among等。
上海中考语法总复习说课材料
2019年上海中考英语语法总结A：时态部分●一般现在时形式：肯定句:主语＋d o/d o e s主语＋b e(a m/i s/a r e)T h e r e b e(i s/a r e)+主语＋其它成分.否定句:主语＋d o n o t/d o e s n’t d o.主语＋b e(a m/i s/a r e)n o t.T h e r e b e(i s/a r e)n o t+主语＋其它成分.一般疑问句:D o e s/D o＋主语＋动词原形？B e(a m/i s/a r e)＋主语＋其它成分？B e(i s/a r e)+t h e r e+主语＋其它成分.?特殊疑问句:疑问词＋d o e s/d o＋主语＋动词原形？疑问词＋b e(a m/i s/a r e)＋主语＋其它成分？疑问词＋b e(i s/a r e)+t h e r e+主语＋其它成分.?概念：1.现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。
2.经常性、习惯性动作。
3.客观事实和普遍真理。
4.表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。
（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）。
5.在时间和条件状语从句里。
(包括具有连词作用的副词immediately，the moment，the time，directly等引导的状语从句) 在时间和条件状语从句里，用一般现在时表示将来。
强调延续性或动态时，可用完成时。
●现在进行时形式肯定句:主语＋b e（a m/i s/a r e）+现在分词否定句:主语＋b e（a m/i s/a r e）n o t+现在分词一般疑问句:B e（a m/i s/a r e）主语＋现在分词?特殊疑问句:疑问词＋b e（a m/i s/a r e）+主语+现在分词?概念：1.表示说话人在说话时刻正在进行的动作，可与now, at present, at this moment, these days 等时间状语连用。
上海市初中英语语法汇总
Chapter1词类和词类转换n. pron. adj. num. v. adv. art. prep. conj. interj.1.派生词（词根+词缀）2.兼类词（词形不变，多个词性）3.合成词(一般由两个或两个以上的词合成)Chapter2名词1.名词复数的构成（规则变化、不规则变化）如sports meet，take notes等基数词+可数名词，如twenty cups；可数名词可与（a）few,many,a large/small number of,some等连用表示不定数量。
如a pair of shoes.如a piece of news.如sheep，ice cream等.如change(零钱、变化).’s所有格的主要用法Of+名词，如the end of the term.O’s =one of Mr. White’s friends.Chapter3代词（1）it作代词代替上文中提到的无生命的事物或幼儿、动物。
（2）作“这、那”解，指心目中的人。
（3）作无人称动词的主语，表示时间、天气和距离。
（4）作先行词，引导非谓语动词如动词不定式。
物主代词分为形容词性和名词性。
each other, one another1.who，what2.who，which3.what，which1.one（s）2.some,any3.something,anything,nothing,everything4.someone/-body;anyone/-body;no one/-body;everyone/-body5.anyone/anybody,any(one)of6.on one/nobody,none,nothing7.everyone/everybody,every (one) of,each(one)of8.one,everyone9.both,all10.either,any11.neither,none12.another,other(s)13.(a)few,(a)little14.many,much(1)all/both+the或物主代词。
上海初中英语语言点及语法总结
Wh-questions
How questions
Simple past tense
Imperatives
Simple future tense(be going to )
10. A birthday party (P75)
Preparing for Ben’s birthday party
重点是掌握描述物体的一些形容词
II Controlling fire(P77)
Taking about fire(P77)
Modal verbs: may, must
There be
Prepositions : outside, near, on
重点是情态动词may, must的用法；还有介词outside, near ,on 的 用法
Simple present tense
Connective: if
from other countries (P27)
Foreigners in Garden City
Prepositions: near, far away from
Wh-questions
Present perfect tense
6 Going to school(P39)
Travelling time to school
Simon’s way to school
How questions
Connective: when
Afew, some, a lot of
重点是a few, some a lot of 等修饰数量的限定词的用用法
Adverbs to show position
上海中考语法知识点专题梳理
上海初中阶段语法知识点梳理名词(1)一、不可数名词fun, information, luggage, furniture, traffic, chance, advice, knowledge, music, weather, money,stress, space, transport, technology, paper(纸), ,...二、可数名词1.规则变换2.不规则变换1) 单复数同形中日羊鹿鱼：Chinese、Japanese、sheep、deer、fish2) 国家人单复数变化中日不变，英法变，其余后面加s Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese German-Germans 3) 变元音第1 页共27 页mouse-mice child-children tooth-teeth foot-feet goose-geese man-men woman-women3. 既可做可数名词又可做不可数名词三、修饰词❖只能修饰可数名词：many/a few/few/several/large numbers of...❖只能修饰不可数名词：much/a little/ little/large amount of/ a great deal of ...❖都可以修饰的：some/any/lots of/ a lot of/ plenty of/large quantities of...注意：①a little / a few 表示肯定意思little/few表示否定意思②当出现only/quite/still的时候，后面只能用a few/ a little四、所有格第2 页共27 页注意：名词修饰名词（man和women是修饰词，复数时两个单词都变为复数）鞋店：shoe shops许多男学生：many boy students两个女医生：two women doctors代词(2)一、人称代词、物主代词、反身代词第3 页共27 页第 4 页 共 27 页注意：it’s (it is 和it has 的缩写)和its （它的；它的+名词）的区别 二、反身代词的短语 补充：oneself 表示某人自己做某事。
最新上海初中英语知识点总结
最新上海初中英语知识点总结
一、语法：
1、名词：
1）单数名词、复数名词、集合名词、专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词等常见名词形式及其变化规律；
2）名词的数：特殊名词的不可数，单数、复数构成等；
3）名词的格：所有格、所有格宾格等。
2、代词：
1）人称代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、不定代词、短语代词；
2）代词的格：宾格、主格、所有格等。
3、形容词：
1）形容词的比较等级；
2）什么形容词可以用来修饰具体什么名词；
3）形容词作表语、定语的用法。
4、副词：
1）副词的比较等级；
2）副词的分类，包括描述词、疑问词、转折词、时间副词、地点副词、语气副词、反身副词、助词、加强词等；
3）副词的用法。
5、动词：
1）动词的时态与语态；
2）动词的语态：被动语态、宾语从句、状语从句、主动语态、间接引语等；
3）助动词、情态动词、系动词、实义动词的用法。
6、介词：
1）介词的基本用法；
2）介词与另一个介词的搭配；
3）介词搭配的宾语；
4）介词搭配的句型有哪些；
5）常见介词的用法。
7、连词：
1）连词的分类，根据连接的方式有并列连词、从属连词、关联词和感叹词；
2）连词的用法：用来连接两个句子、两。
2023年上海初三中考英语一轮复习讲练第8讲 主谓一致带讲解
第8讲主谓一致知识点一【知识梳理1】主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。
一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则的支配：(grammatical concord)(principle of proximity)。
“主谓一致”考查内容涉及名词单数或复数作主语、不可数名词作主语、不定代词作主语、并列结构作主语、特殊名词作主语时与谓语动词数的一致等。
I. 语法一致原则1) 当and或both...and...连接两个或三个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Tom and Mike are from the U.S.A.Both Lucy and Lily are students.注意：①“A and B”指同一个人/物时(即只用一个冠词) 谓语动词用单数形式。
The scholar and musician visits our school every year.VS. The scholar and the musician visit our school every year.Bread and butter(=Buttered bread) is my son’s favour.VS. Both bread and butter are the necessaries of life. (两种食物）②如果名词由every, each, no来修饰，即便结构上用and连接表示并列，谓语动词用单数形式。
Every girl and every boy likes football.Each member and each waiter of the club is satisfied with the behavior of the boss.【例题精讲】1. She and I classmates when we were at college.A. amB. wasC. areD. were2. Both Tom and Mary the examA. has passedB. have been passedC. have passedD. had passed3. The singer and dancer our party this evening.A. is to attendB. are going to attendC. shall be attendedD. were to attend【答案】CCA2) 不定代词如either, neither, each one, the other, another, anybody, anyone, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, nobody, no one, nothing做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
上海市初中英语语法和知识点
上海市初中英语语法和知识点一、词汇1.名词：指示代词、不可数名词、复数形式和所有格等。
2.代词：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词和不定代词等。
3.动词：动词的时态、语态、主动语态和被动语态等。
4.形容词：形容词的比较级和最高级、形容词修饰词串等。
5.副词：频度副词、程度副词和提问副词等。
6.介词：表示时间、地点和方式等的介词用法。
7.冠词：定冠词和不定冠词的用法。
8.连词：并列连词、从属连词和关系连词等。
二、词性1.名词性：名词、代词、动词、形容词和副词等。
2.动词性：及物动词、不及物动词、系动词和助动词等。
3.形容词性：形容词和副词等。
4.介词性：介词和介词短语等。
5.连词性：并列连词、从属连词和关系连词等。
三、句子结构1.主谓结构：主语和谓语的基本搭配。
2.主谓宾结构：主语、谓语和宾语的基本搭配。
3.主谓表结构：主语、谓语和表语的基本搭配。
4.主谓宾宾结构：主语、谓语、直接宾语和间接宾语的基本搭配。
5.主谓宾表结构：主语、谓语、直接宾语和表语的基本搭配。
6.主谓双宾结构：主语、谓语、间接宾语和直接宾语的基本搭配。
四、时态1.一般现在时：表示现在经常发生的动作或状态。
2.现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作。
3.一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或状态。
4.过去进行时：表示过去正在进行的动作。
5.一般将来时：表示将来要发生的动作或状态。
6.过去将来时：表示在过去的一些时间点之后会发生的动作。
综上所述，上海市初中英语语法和知识点主要包括词汇、词性、句子结构和时态等方面的内容。
通过掌握这些知识点，学生可以更准确地理解和运用英语语法规则，提高自己的英语水平。
上海初中英语知识点总结
上海初中英语知识点总结一、词汇与语法1. 词汇积累- 基础词汇：掌握日常生活、学习、工作中常用的英语单词。
- 词性变化：了解名词、动词、形容词、副词等词性的构成和变化规则。
- 短语搭配：熟悉常见短语的用法，如动词短语、介词短语等。
2. 语法结构- 时态：掌握一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等基本时态的构成和用法。
- 语态：了解主动语态和被动语态的区别及转换方法。
- 非谓语动词：学习动名词、分词（现在分词和过去分词）的用法。
- 句子成分：识别主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语等句子成分。
- 句子类型：理解陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句的结构。
- 复合句：学习并列句和复合句（如定语从句、状语从句）的构成。
二、阅读理解1. 阅读技巧- 快速阅读：通过扫读（Skimming）和查读（Scanning）技巧快速获取文章大意。
- 细节理解：通过精读（Intensive Reading）深入理解文章细节和隐含信息。
- 推理判断：根据上下文推断生词含义，理解作者意图和态度。
2. 题型解析- 事实细节题：定位信息源，准确把握文章中的具体事实。
- 主旨大意题：抓住文章的主题句，理解文章的中心思想。
- 推理判断题：根据文章内容进行逻辑推理，得出结论。
- 词义猜测题：通过上下文线索猜测生词或短语的大致意思。
三、写作技巧1. 写作结构- 引言段：开篇引入话题，明确文章主题。
- 正文段：分段阐述观点，使用恰当的连接词。
- 结尾段：总结全文，提出建议或个人观点。
2. 写作类型- 记叙文：叙述事件的发生、发展和结果。
- 议论文：提出观点，给出理由和例证，进行论证。
- 说明文：解释事物的特性、原因或过程。
- 应用文：包括书信、日记、通知等实用文体。
3. 写作技巧- 词汇运用：使用多样的词汇和短语，避免重复。
- 句式变化：运用复杂句和复合句，增加文章的丰富性。
- 段落连贯：使用过渡词和短语，确保段落间的逻辑关系。
四、听力理解1. 听力技巧- 预测内容：根据题目或问题预测对话或短文的大致内容。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
xx语法整理be busy doing sth.例题：Look! This new couple are busy _________ their new flat.A. decoratingB. to decorateC. decoratesD. decorate2．tell sb to do sth.例题：He told Laura to take care of ___________. Don’t be too busy.A. sheB. herC. hersD. herself例题：Father often tells Tom ___________ too much time playing video games.A) don't spendB) to not spendC) not to spendD)doesn't spend3．keep/make sth. + adj.例题The head teacher asked all the students to help keep the school _______..A. cleanlyB. cleanC. clearD. clearly例题Let's do something together to keep our Earth ___________. (save)4.find it + adj. to do sth.例题The old man at th6 bus stop found it difficult for him to ___________ the crowded bus.A) get upB) get onC) get offD) get along5.It is + adj. for sb. to do sth.It is important for us to ___________ our friendship. (strong)It's ___________ for a boy of four to work out such a difficult problem. (possible)6.so … that…The girl was so ___________ that she hid herself behind the door. (frighten)7.some…..some句型一些。
另一些。
例题Wecanseemanyoldpeopleontheplaygroundeverymorning.Somearemimingand______ ______ are dancing,A) otherB) the otherC) othersD) the others8．Sth looks +adj看起来怎么样。
例题The comic strip looks very ____________ and is warmly welcomed by children.A) nicelyB) widelyC) beautifullyD) lovely9．Prefer A to B / prefer to doing A to doing BBecause of the rain, I prefer ____________ at home to ____________.A) staying...hikingB) stay...hikingC) stay...hikeD) staying...hike10．四个花费sb. spend some time/some money on sth. / (in) doing sth.It takes sb. some time to do sth.It cost sb. some money to do sth. / sth. cost sb. some moneysb pays some money for sth.例题一Tom purchased a new MP5 last week. it ____________ him nearly 600 yuan.A) paidB) spentC) usedD) cost例题二vThe cell phone ____________ him￥2000 and he likes it very much.A) costB) spentC) paidD) took11．need to do sthneed do sthYou ____________ worry about difficulties. We will all help you.A) needn'tB) needn't toC) don't needD)notneed12. what+ a/an+形容词+名词How +形容词+a/an +名词例题一__________ beautiful car you have boughs!A) WhatB) What aC) What anD) How例题二___________ great advice our class teacher has given!A. WhatB. What aC. HowD.Howa13．Seem +adj或者It seems to sb. that例题The food is delicious at this hotel, but the service seems ___________.A. goodB. wellC. poorD. poorly14．V+doing句型Practise/enjoy/hate/like/finish/stop/mind/keep/go on + doing sth.例题Lily is eager to become a famous musician one day, so she practises___________ the pianoevery day.A. playsB. playC. to playD. playing15.since句型例题一Macao ___________ great progress since it returned to China in 1999.A. madeB. makesC. has madeD.wasmade例题二People ___________ the virus of H1NI since the early of last year.A) studiedB) have studiedC) will studyD) had studied16．Teach sb sthProfessor White will teach ___________ geography next term.A) usB) weC) oursD) ourselves17．used to do sth. / be (get) used to sth./doing sth.例题一I ___________ watch TV a lot, but now I surf the Internet all day long.A) useB) am used toC) use toD)used to例题二As we all know, wood and stones ____________ bridges in many countries.A) used to buildB) used to buildingC) are used to buildD) are used to building18．If引导的时间状语从句例题一He will pick you up for dinner if he ___________ his work before six o'clock.A) finishB) will finishC) finishedD) finishes例题二If it ____________ tomorrow, we won't go on a trip to Shanghai Wild Animal Park.A) rainsB) rainC) will rainD)raining19．had better (not) do sth.例题一You'd better ___________ late next time. You can leave a bit earlier.A)be notB) don't beC) not to beD) not be例题二You're getting fatter and fatter, you'd better ____________ enough exercise.A) takeB) to takeC)takingD) took20. be dead表示死亡的状态Though Ba Jin has been ___________ for four years, he still lives in people's hearts. (death)21．比较级句型…is one of the +最高级+ n (pl) …最……之一比较级+than例题一Now China has become one of ____________ countries in the world.A) most strongB) the most strongC) strongestD)the strongest例题二Computers can work out the difficult problems ____________ than human beings.A) much quicklyB) more quickC) far more quicklyD) very quickly22.有关thousands / hundreds of和hundred, thousand数词句型例题一____________peoplegavemoneyandclothestothehomelesspeoplethroughtheRedCros s.A) ThousandB) ThousandsC) Thousand ofD)Thousands of例题二GongYanglingfromHarbininchinahasrememberedover15____________telephonenum bers.A) thousandB) thousandsC) thousand ofD) thousands of例题三It is said that two _______ students are going to enter the contest this Sunday afternoon.A. thousandB. thousandsC. thousand ofD. thousands of23．Must…….?疑问句例题一--- Must 1 finish writing the article right now?--- No, you ____________. You can finish it tomorrow.A) mayB) mustC) needn'tcan't例题二A: Must I finish my homework right now ?B: No, you ____________. You can relax for a while.A) mustB) mustn'tC) needD) needn't24．As……as例题一The little girl looks as ______ as a Barbie Doll.A) lovelyB) beautifullyC) sweetlyD) carefully例题二Nowadays science fiction isn’t as ________ as cartoons among teenagers.A. popularB. more popularC. less popularD. the most popular25．As soon as引导的时间状语从句I’ll give the message to her as soon as she ________.A. is returningB. returnsC. will returnD. returned26．Or和and引导的祈使句例题一Work harder, ________ you’ll make greater progress in your English study.A. butB. orC. forD. and例题二Mind your steps as you go, _________ you’ll fall down onto the wet ground.D)A. andB. butC. orD. so27．Let/make sb do sthThe woman feels that she should let her son _______ his own decision this time.A. makesB. makeC. to makeD. making28. Let’s……, shall we的反义疑问句Let’s go and join them in the football match. (改为反意疑问句)Let’s go and join them in the football match, __________ _________?29．Be familiar with /be familiar toXintiandi in Shanghai is now familiar ________ many foreigners.A. onB. withC. fromD. to30．When /while引导的时间状语从句.I _________ dinner at my friend's house when you called me yesterday evening.A. hadB. have hadC. was havingD. are having。