实用文体翻译整理

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实用文体翻译

实用文体翻译期末整理根据老师PPT整理而成供学弟学妹们复习使用~~一、翻译标准1、以译出语或译入语为取向的翻译原则2、直译与意译重点难点：A，He had the agility of a man half his age.他像岁数比他小一半的人那样敏捷。

B，Every dog has its day.人人皆有得意之日。

C，Cast pearls before swine. 对牛弹琴D，They ran away as fast as their legs could carry them. 他们拼命逃跑，连吃奶的力气都用上了。

二、英汉差别1、真朋友&假朋友2、转换：译者将大脑中分析好的语言材料——具有原语深层结构形式的一串词语——转换为具有译语深层结构的一串词语。

3、重构：将已经转换为译语深层结构的一串词语，为着符合译语惯用的表层结构形式、更好地表达原文内容、更好地体现原文功能与风格的目标，重新排列、连接或删除。

4、英汉差异——句子扩展模式中：句首开放性和句尾封闭性英：句首封闭性，句尾开放性——形合和意合中：意合英：形合5、“核心句分析法”，即把英语复杂句分解为语义相对完整的只包含单个主谓框架(即只包含一个谓语动词)的多个句子——核心句，分析各个核心句间的语义逻辑关系，然后用合乎译语表达习惯的排列方式对各核心句进行重构。

按照汉语（一）先发生先说后发生后说，（二）先说事实，后说评价，（三）先说因后说果（以及先说条件后说推断、先说手段后说目的、先说反面后说正面等）的原则，并使用适当的省略、重复、代称等，把核心句翻译成汉语。

重点难点：A,阴（the soft, inactive, female principle or force in the world）B,a broken record of argument陈词滥调我们已按很低价格向你们报盘。

We have made you an offer at a very competitive price.C,相声=cross talk=comic dialogueD,鱼米之乡=land of fish and rice=land of milk and honeyE,eat one’s words承认错误The sea refuses no rivers. 贪得无厌blue wool高级羊毛extended family大家庭jelly built project豆腐渣工程drink like a fish牛饮F,We never meet without a parting. 有聚就有散G,We took off and flew over the city and slowly gained height.我们起飞了，飞过城市，慢慢飞高。

9实用文体翻译

只有一流的教育，才能培养一流人才，建设一流国家 First-class education is a prerequisite for cultivating high-caliber personnel and building a great country
三．修辞特点
汉语繁多的华丽之词与英语直观明快的描写汉语过多修饰词的使用与英语避虚就实的特点
说明书、简介
一、企业名称的翻译 “x x集团公司”、“x x联合公司”、 “x x开发公司”、“xx有限公司 “药厂”、“面粉厂”、“丝绸厂”、 “酒厂” factory'’或“plant'’或“Mill“ “中国成都全兴酒厂” “The factory of Quanxing Wine, Chengdu, China 酒厂≠酒＋厂brewery;
建立“一站式”服务中心，为外国投资者提供审批业务“一条龙”服务。
Set up the “One-stop” Service Center to provide a coordinated process service for foreign investors in obtaining approval.
“因为”一 “by virtue of"√ “because of"× “在……之前” “prior to” √ “before"× “关于” “as regards", "with regard to" √ "about"× “其他事项” “miscellaneous” √ “other
19世纪英国散文家Thomas H. Huxley to plaster the fair face of truth with the cosmetics of rhetoric 我们没有必要用‘修辞的化妆品’去涂抹真理的洁白脸孔英语的修饰词的使用一般都慎重且不多。相比之下，言语滥用修饰词的问题就严重一些。

实用文体翻译

实用文体翻译1．商务信函August 13,2003Vemeer ManufacturingCompany P. O. Box 200/3804New Sharon Road Pella, Iowa50219 U. S. A.Gentlemen:From the samples sent us on June 5, we have made selections, and have the pleasure of handing you the following order which we commend to your immediate and best attention, viz:500 chests Lipton Black Tea,500 sacks of Brazilian Coffee, not ground.Kindly forward these by fast freight. Enclosed please find a draft as per memorandum bill you sent us.Yours trulyMcFARLAND &CO.President(Signature) Dear Sirs:We received, on Nov. 11, 2000, with thanks, your check No. 006869 for RMB 36,000, in payment of our commission. The amount has been placed to your credit.Manager诸位先生：已收到12月14日贵方来信，获悉我方发出的货箱内装的钢笔并非贵方所定的型号，甚为抱歉。

经查核，发现因号码弄混而造成了装箱错误。

我们已经换好货品立即发运给贵方。

请将那箱错装货品退还给我们，不胜感激。

所需一切费用由我方支付。

由于错误给贵方造成麻烦，我们深表歉意。

实用文体翻译

Mitsubishi
Group
We integrate,you communicate . 我们集大成，你超越自我。广告使用第二人称，营造亲切气氛，增加感染力。
理工复印机
We lead ,others copy 我们领先，他人仿效。从这句可以看出广告英语偏爱简单句，省略句，这则广告虽然只用了lead和copy两个简单的动词，但却巧妙指出产品的特点和功能。
实用文体翻译
摩托罗拉手机
Intelligence everywhere 智慧演绎，无处不在属于意译，巧妙的展示产品特征。
Microsoft World in hand ,soul in cyber 掌中乾坤，梦之灵魂。
电子产品翻译
Make yourself heard(ericsson) 理解就是沟通（索尼爱立信）
The end,thank you!
Toyota
Motor
Corporation
Poetry in motion ,dancing close to me 动态的诗，向我舞近
Iቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱM
No business too small ,no problem too big 没有不做的小生意，没有解决不了的大问题。排比修辞手法运用于广告中可以从文字上增强语势从而加深印象。

实用文体翻译公示语

实用文体翻译公示语“开发区”“Development Zone”。

不可回收Non-recyclable售票机Ticket Machines注意行人Caution Pedestrians保持通畅KEEP CLEAR请小心台阶PLEASE MIND YOUR STEPS因故停用Out of Order短时停车Short stay停车场P厕所WC留学生公寓INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS HOUSE全自动门Automatic Door送客止步Passengers Only边道封闭Footpath Closed开封后请即食用，以免受潮Please have it soon after opening the bag in case it gets damp. 游客止步Staff Only员工专用公交车专用==>Buses Only，贵宾专用==>VIP Only/ Distinguished Guests Only；会员俱乐部==>Members Only；专用停车位==>Authorized Cars Only；警车专用停车位==>Police Cars Only；请绕行此路==>Arrow Only；超车道==> Overtaking Only贵宾候车室Reserved Waiting-room软席、硬席“Cushioned Seat”和“Ordinary Seat”年终大甩卖Year-end sale恕不讲价One price (fixed price)三潭印月Three Pool Mirroring the Moon世界自然与文化遗产World Natural and Cultural Heritage Site 天然动植物标本园Green Treasury and Natural Zoo地下通道Underground Passage禁止通行Dead End前方弯路慢行Bend Ahead. Slow Down!一慢二看三通过Slow down, Look around, and Cross限速：每小时30公里Speed Limit, 30 km/h国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resource司法厅Department of Justice中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Science三元桥Sanyuan Overpass锦江乐园Jinjiang Amusement Park静安新城Jing’an New City南京东路East Nangjing Road北三环North Third Ring玉佛寺Jade Buddha Temple一切权力归人民Power to the people拒绝毒品珍爱生命Say No to Drug and Protect Your Life同一个世界，同一个梦想One World One Dream货物出门，概不退换All sales are final.不设找零Please tender exact fare找零请当面点清Please check your change before leaving请保管好您随身携带的物品Please Take Care of Your Belongings此处发现鲨鱼Shark sighted门诊部Out-Patient Department邮票销售机Stamp Vending Machine提供外卖Take Away Service Available婴儿换巾处Baby Change失物招领处Lost and found男更衣室Men’s locker请勿践踏草坪Please Keep Off the Grass售完Sold Out油漆未干Wet Paint饮料仅供外卖Drinks Purchased Are for Taken Away Only(厕所）有人occupied请在此等候咨询、询问Please Wait Here for Enquiries正在清扫地板Floor Cleaning in Progress此处有炸药，注意安全We have explosives here. Pay attention to your safety. Danger: Explosive.小心地滑Caution! Slippery/Caution! Wet Floor小心烫伤Caution! Hot老，弱，病，残，孕专座位Courtesy seats一米以下儿童谢绝入内No Admittance for Children Under 1m.施工现场禁止入内Construction Site keep Out残疾人通道Handicapped Only凭票入场TICKET ONLY来客请到门房登记All Visitors Please Report to the Gate Warder严禁吸烟No Smoking儿童严禁入内No Minors Allowed桥上严禁超车No Overtaking On Bridge禁酒区Alcohol Free Zone警戒线勿超越Police Line Do Not Pass禁止通行Don’t Walk未经许可的车辆不得入内Authorized cars only.装修前大甩卖CLOSING DOWN FOR MODERNIZATION免税店Duty Free旅游纪念品Souvenirs您的安全我们的天责YOUR SAFETY IS OUR PRIORITY进门赢大奖COME IN AND WIN厂家特价直销DEAL DIRECT WITH MANUFACTURER AT SPECIAL PRICES 八折优惠20% Off当日可取Daily Service谢谢您到访北京车站Thank you for visiting Bejing Railway Station我们关注！欢迎批评！We care! We want your comments!共同努力，世界更精彩Working together, we can make a world of difference.盗贼当心Thieves Beware握紧扶手Hold the han rail紧急时用Emergence use only不使用信用卡No Credit Card Please送货上门Delivery to Your Door勿与司机谈话Don’t talk with the driver请将个人物品随身带走Not to Leave Things Behind国际出发international departure中国土特产Chinese Products加油站Gas Station物流中心Logistics CenterYard Sale 庭院旧货出售No crossing. 禁止横穿ICU重症监护室Stand behind red line until summoned by inspector. 红线后站立，等待检查员。

实用文体翻译

Antithesis反衬
A
contemporary classic. A timeless timepiece.当代的经典作，永久的计时器（手表广告）小身材，大味道。出自： Kisses巧克力 To me， the past is black and white， but the future is always color． .对我而言，过去平淡无奇；而未来，却一直是彩色的（轩尼诗酒）
PaLeabharlann ody仿拟My love’s like a Red Rose！红玫相机新奉献。这个广告词模仿英国诗人罗伯特· 彭斯一首著名的爱情诗句 “My love’s like a red，red rose”（我的爱像一朵红红的玫瑰）（仿拟parody） Hero Meets Hero.(某招聘广告)这是仿拟谚语 “Like Knows Like.(英雄识英雄)”，广告商换了谚语中的原词。此广告暗示伯乐欲求千里马之意，用大家比较熟悉的谚语、名句给人留下深刻印象。
Catchword repetition顶针
万家乐，乐万家。
出自：万家乐电器
Repetition重复

A new year, a new career. Going with the world giant in telecommunication. 新的一年，新的职业，同电信界的世界巨人一道成长。（招聘广告)
Whatever you’re eating, drink Maeus Rose. Always light, always fresh, always chilled, always right.(某酒广告)这则酒广告重复用了四个“always”，突出强调该酒质量，口碑一直都很好，宣传效果不凡。

实用文体-时事政治翻译

public • b. government transparency
1.科学发展观
the Outlook of Scientific Development 2.倡导公正、合理的新秩序观
call for the establishment of a new just and equitable order
• 原译：…lies in its reunification with the mainland.
• 这里主要指台湾与大陆的统一，因为香港和澳门已经回归，主要是解决台湾问题。乍看起来这个译文也是可以的，英文也比较标准。但从深层考虑，祖国统一应包括大陆、港、澳、台等，不仅仅指台湾与大陆，因此从政治角度看不妥。
时政翻译
• I. 首先是理解原文要准确，这是翻译的基础和前提。
• 从事政治翻译，对有政治含义的词句，特别是涉及到大政方针、领土、主权的问题，要多从政治方面进行深入解读并掌握好分寸。例如：
• （1）台湾前途系于祖国统一
• The future of Taiwan lies in the reunification of the motherland.
（一）吃透原文的精神，摆脱中文句型的束缚，重原文内涵，按照英语规律和习惯，利用加字、减字、转换词类等技巧，甚至调整全句结构，使译文通顺流畅。例如：
（7）“不辱使命、不负重托
”live up to the mission assigned to them and the full trust placed on them
b. Income distribution has yet to be rationalized.
“关系”一词没有实质意义，因此译文b就将它减去，使句子干净利落。

实用文体翻译练习2

练习材料第一单元地理篇No Giant SkyscrapersChicago and New York are famous for their tall buildings. California cannot be. Its buildings have to be famous for their beauty or their historical importance1. California is earthquake country2.The San Andreas Fault3 is a cause of earthquakes. It is a long crack in the earth that stretches from Southern to Northern California. Rocks inside the earth move and the earth shakes. These earthquakes make the fault bigger4.The most famous earthquake in California happened in 1906. It destroyed most of the young city of San Francisco. People rebuilt the city. They looked at the buildings that did not fall in the earthquake5 and they learned more about building in California.Tall buildings can be dangerous6 in earthquakes. Today California has codes7 that say how a building must be built and how tall it can be.Los Angeles has several earthquakes each year. The tall buildings move8 a little and everyone takes a deep breath. Usually tourists and newcomers are the most frightened. People who grew up in California say, “We’re used to it!”Earthquakes do not stop the building industry in California, but they do make architects work a little harder9. The buildings they design have to look good and stand up in an earthquake. These buildings are good examples of modern California architecture. The Bonaventure Hotel is a few city blocks from the old Mission Church. The Century City Complex is near the ocean. It stands on the site of the old Twentieth Century Fox movie studios. These buildings show that people are not afraid to build in California.水桥在巴拿马，有一座世界闻名的“水桥”，那就是巴拿马运河。

实用文体翻译练习2

各类文体的翻译 [自动保存的]

I urge all Representatives to call for a vote and to support House Resolution HR 4707, the Legal Immigrant Children’s Health Improvement Act of 2000, introduced by Reps. Diaz-Balart and Waxman. This humane bipartisan bill will allow states to provide SCHIP( State Children’s Health Insurance Program) and Medicaid benefits to immigrant children and pregnant women who are in the U.S. legally. sincerely yours (signature)
•
2、便条、通知、启事 ——简洁易懂，内容简短明确，格式简单

一、便条 *请假条 ——书信格式，语言较礼貌，需把请假期限、理由都说明清楚，并且要书日期和全名 *留言条 ——风格随便，语言接近口语，可以对对方直呼其名，署名可以只写姓或名，内容简明扼要
• • • • •
•
•

亲爱的众议员：国会不准许妇女和儿童移民——其中甚至包括那些合法进入美国的移民——获得医疗保健，这一决定是可耻的。在一个文明国家中不允许某一类人获得他人均可享受的医疗救济，而这一类人恰恰正迫切需要这种救济，这么做绝对是冷酷而无人性的。我敦促众议员们呼吁进行一次表决并支持众议院 4707号决议，即由众议员迪亚兹· 巴拉特和瓦克斯曼提交的《2000年改善合法儿童移民健康法案》。这一个人道的、为两党所共同拥护的法案将允许各洲为儿童移民和合法居住在美国的怀孕妇女提供儿童健康保险计划。您诚挚的，（签名）（日期）

21-22 实用文体翻译

公示语翻译的多样性

小心玻璃 handle glass with care Glass fragile 小心台阶 mind the step/steep step/steep slippery step/slippery
疲劳驾驶，害人害己

Don’t Drive When You Are Tired For It Will Bring Harm To You And Others! Drowsy Driving Jeopardizes you And Others! Be Attentive In Your Driving! Drowsy Driving，Endangered Living! Drive Alert，Arrive Alive!
会议中心CONFERENCE CENTER BUSINESS CENTER商务中心餐饮服务F&B (Food and Beverage) VIP SUITE贵宾候机室海关THE CUSTOMS
汉语动词性公示语译为英语名词短语, 英语名词短语译为汉语动词性公示语

谢绝参观 INSPECTION DECLINED 禁止通行Street Closed 正在施工ROADWORK SILENCE保持安静 Shoes Off禁止穿鞋 SEAT BY NUMBER对号入坐
汉语动词性公示语还可以译为介词短语，形容词短语，反之亦然

现在营业OPEN NOW SOLD OUT货物售完禁止通车Closed to all vehicles ON SALE削价出售
More Exercises

四、实用文体简介及其翻译

G e n e r a l I n t r o d u c t i o n t o P r a c t i c a lW r i t i n g s a n d T h e i r T r a n s l a t i o nI. Teaching contents1. Review and homework checking2. General Introduction to practical writings3. The basic rules and strategies of practical writing translation4. Translation practice5. Assignments6．References for further reading7. FeedbackII. Teaching AimsTo make the students aware of the characteristics , functions and application of practical writings ; the basic rules and strategies of practical writings translationIII. Teaching FocusThe characteristics of practical writings ; the basic rules and strategies of practical writings translationIV. Teaching Procedures:Step One: Review and homework checking1. Linguistic characteristics of literary works形象抒情含蓄幽默讽刺性象征性2. Principles of literary translation翻译不同文体要不同的侧重:翻译小说语境的传译人物描绘的传译总体风格的传译写作技巧的传译等教法提示asking questions教法提示Chapter Four翻译散文必须注意译文的笔调适合原文的庄重的风格等。

十五实用文体翻译12旅游翻译

12
III. Practice in tourism translation
放下屠刀，立地成佛 the butcher who lays down his knife and at once becomes a Buddha. 塞翁失马，安知非福 Misfortune may prove a blessing in disguise 至于才子佳人等书……
10
III. Practice in tourism translation
昭君墓中山陵黄继光纪念馆东海邛海大滩海牛尾海蜀南竹海
Tomb of Wang Zhaojun Sun Yat-sen’s Mausoleum Huang Jiguang Memorial the East China Sea， the Qionghai Lake， Long Harbour， Port Shelter， the Bamboo Forest in Southern Sichuan
11
III. Practice in tourism translation
李准滩 Lizhun Bank 鲁班暗沙 Luban Shoal 西域
Xiyu, the Western Regions (a Han Dynasty term for the area west of Yumenguan Pass, including what is now Xinjang Uygur Autonomous Region and parts of Central Asia. )
14
III. Practice in tourism translation
全家福 stewed assorted meats/hotchpotch 游龙戏凤 stir-fried prawns and chicken 蚂蚁上树 bean vermicelli with spicy meat sauce

用文体翻译(1)实用文体及其翻译)

Lecture Four
General Introduction to Practical Writings and Their Translation
Contents
I. Review and homework checking II. General Introduction to practical writings III. The basic rules and strategies of practical
I. Review and homework checking
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我不时地试探明眼的朋友，想了解他们看见了些什么。不久前一位好友来看我，她刚从林中散步回来，我问她看到了什么，她说一切平淡无奇。若不是我早就听惯了这种回
答，早就确信：明眼人熟视无睹，我定会大吃一惊的。

有I时. 我R把e手v轻ie轻w地放a在n小d树h上o，m运气e好w的o时r候k，c我h能e感c到ki枝n头g鸟
drink, and be merry,” but most people would be
chastened by the certainty of impending death.
有时候我M想os，t o把f u每s t一ak天e 都life当fo做r 生gra命n的ted最. W后e一k天no来w过th，at也on许e是da一y 种
If each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a 但视视而fwt力不eeowa和见ucdlhd听，ahmy力充ismaa从耳ktteh未不sehoi受闻jmmoye到，mst损对ioomfre伤所esoad的见upunp人所rdirne.却闻gcih很漫aitsi少不vee充经aorlf分心ysl运，iigfeh用毫.t;D他无sail们鉴reknn的赏cees天珍sw赋惜ou。之ld他意们。事情往往是这样，失却之物，方知珍惜；生了病才知道健康之可贵。

英语实用文体及其翻译

英语实用文体格式及翻译信函信头-Heading（寄信人地址和日期）信内地址-Inside Address（收信人姓名和地址）称呼-Salutation（对收信人的称谓）正文-Body结束语-Complimentary Closing（写信人谦称）签名-Signature附件-Postscript又及-Enclosure/p.s（用于补漏）Dear Helen,It’s been a few months since I last heard from you. I wonder if you have received the letter and the parcel I sent you last month. The parcel contained several articles you might be interested in. Please let me know whether you have received it or not.Paul has found a new job in a computer company. We are thinking about moving into a bigger house sincethe present one seems a bit too crowded.Please remember us to all our old friends. Best wishes to all of you.With love,Linda 亲爱的海伦：有好几个月没有收到你的信了。

不知道你有没有收到我上个月寄给你的信和包裹。

包裹里有几样你也许会感兴趣的东西。

请让我知道你有没有收到它。

保罗在一家电脑公司找到了一份新工作。

我们正在考虑搬到一栋大一点的房子里去，因为目前住的房子好象太挤了一点。

替我们向所有的老朋友问好。

给你们所有人最好的祝福。

爱你的，琳达请假条Class 1, Grade 1May 14To Department OfficeSecretary GlennDear Madam,I beg to apply for three day’ leave of absence from the 15th to the 17th instant, both days inclusive, in order to return to my hometown to attend my grandpa’funeral, who passed away yesterday.To support my application, I herewith submit a telegram to that effect sending by my father.Should be very much obliged if you will grant me my application.Yours respectfully,Jack Smith 系办公室秘书格兰女士：因祖父昨日去世，特请假三日，自本月15日起至17日止，以便回老家参加葬礼。

实用文体的翻译

1.4 避免译一些政治性极强的口号
一些政策性的口号避免译出：要淡化宣传，让读者通过特写本身自然而然地明白党和政府的作用。因为许多国外读者是在对中国的负面报道甚至是污蔑性报道的舆论环境里泡大的，本来对我们的宣传就有一种反感和抵触心理。而我们那种“正面宣传”的做法，即使传播的是正确无比的信息，但是那种强加于人的传播方式却令人望而生厌，弃之不顾。费半天力翻译，却无人问津。所以当要翻译这些政策性的东西应采取的态度是：从国家利益出发，使读者取得正确的信息，但要淡化宣传。比如“各级妇联与教育部门积极联手，为贫困地区失学女童提，供实用技术教育”“中国政府采取坚决措施，打击黑恶势力，整顿社会秩序”这些句子，在翻译中应该节略，只要在特写的字里行间传达了正确的信息，那么是非功过就给读者自己去评价吧。
非法闯入我军事演习区域采访三名香港记者被遣送出境
新华社福州3月日电日电，新华社福州月10日电，三名香港记者擅自闯入我军事演习区域进行非法采访活动，事演习区域进行非法采访活动，在福建省平潭县东澳码头被当地公安机关扣留。经审查，码头被当地公安机关扣留。经审查，香港女记者孙蕴邓德慧、、邓德慧、刘玉梅三人受香港东方报业集团周刊部主管指派，日晚上飞抵福州，管指派，于3月6日晚上飞抵福州，在3月8日凌晨潜入月日晚上飞抵福州月日凌晨潜入我军事演习区域窃取我军事演习情况。我军事演习区域窃取我军事演习情况。她们的行为违反了《中华人民共和国国家安全法》反了《中华人民共和国国家安全法》和港澳记者来内地采访的有关规定。地采访的有关规定。福建省公安机关已在责令其书面承认错误并没收其非法获得的有关资料后，承认错误并没收其非法获得的有关资料后，于今日下午将她国务院决定党和国家领导人出访将不举行送迎仪式

10实用文体翻译材料

翻译练笔材料1．An Englishman who had just landed in China entered a restaurant to appease the pangs of hunger. Unfortunately he knew no Chinese and the waiter knew no English; so they were both thrown on mother wit. John Chinaman articulated “Bowwow”, to which John Bull moved his head from right to left. Then the waiter said “Quack, quack!”, to which the customer moved his head from sky to earth, and the inner man was soon satisfied.2．A college professor was one day nearing the close of a history lecture and was indulging in one of those rhetorical climaxes in which he delighted when the hour struck. Thus students immediately began to slam down the movable arms of their lecture chairs and to prepare to leave .The professor, annoyed at the interruption of his flow of eloquence, held up his hand:“Wait just one minute, gentlemen, I have a few more pearls to cast.”3. 得与失国王为了感谢多年来服侍他忠心耿耿的仆人，说：「你尽管向前跑，只要在日落之前绕一圈回来，围到的土地全部送给你。