选修6grammar教案

选修6模块1 Period 2: grammar, reading and writing

学习目标：

知识与技能：复习情态动词完成式，掌握电子邮件写法

过程与方法：复习巩固

情感态度与价值观：熟练作题技巧，乐于动手，动脑

重难点：NEED情态动词的应用和电子邮件的书写

知识链接：情态动词用法

学法指导：复习，动手

学习过程：

Ⅰ.didn't need to do表示：__________________________________________

needn't have done表示：__________________________________________

John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she didn't need to walk back home.

约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她不必步行回家了。

John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she needn't have walked back home.

约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她本不必步行回家了(Mary步行回家没有遇上John的车。)

典型例题

There was plenty of time. She ___.

A. mustn't have hurried

B. couldn't have hurried

C. must not hurry

D. needn't have hurried

答案D。needn't have done. 意为"本不必"，即已经做了某事，而时实际上不必要。

Mustn't have done 用法不正确，对过去发生事情进行否定性推断应为couldn't have done, "不可能已经"。Ⅱ. 情态动词+ have + done

Something may have happened to her. 她可能发生了什么事情。

She might have had an accident. 她或许遭受了意外.

So she must have taken that too. 因此，她肯定把它也带走了。

1)这三句话都用了“情态动词＋不定式的完成时”，表示对发生过的事作某种猜测、推测。(1) must have done 可用来对某件过去的事情作__________推测，表示“一定已经，想必已经”做过某事，用于肯定的陈述句中。否定句中用__________。

She must have received the parcel, I sent it by registered post.

她一定已经收到包裹了，我是用挂号寄的。

(2)may have done, might have done, could have done “____________________”，就语气而言could have done 所表的可能性更小些。

He may / might / could have left by nine. 他可能于九点前已离去。

(3) should have done / ought to have done 表示“__________”但实际未做。

I should / ought to have left London before nine but I didn't. 我本该在九点以前离开伦敦，但是我没有。

(4) shouldn't have done / oughtn't to have done 表示“__________”，但实际上又做了。

He shouldn't / oughtn't to have left London before nine but he did. 他本不该在九点前离开伦敦，但是他离开了。

(5) can't / couldn't have done 表否定推测，“__________”。

She can't / couldn't have gone to bed, for the light in her room is still on. 她不可能上床睡觉了，因为她房间的灯还亮着。

(6) could have done 可表示客观上“____________________”。

He could have finished the work in time but he didn't work hard.

(7)I needn't have gone to the office yesterday (but I went there). 昨天我没必要去办公室（但我却去了）。

(8)might have done 还可表示过去“本可能发生但实际上没有发生的动作”。用于表示说话人对已发生事提出批评或意见。

He might have given more help, even though he was very busy. 即使他很忙，也可以多帮忙。Ⅲ.高考例析

1. Sorry I'm late. I ________ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.

A. might

B. should

C. can

D. will

2. I was really anxious about you. You_________ home without a word.

（01 全国）

A. mustn't leave

B. shouldn't have left

C. couldn't have left

D. needn't leave

3. —I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.

— You________ her last week. （04 福建）

A．ought to tell B．would have told C．must tell D．should have told

4. — Tom graduated from college at a very young age.

— Oh, he ______ have been a very smart boy then. （04 全国IV）

A. could

B. should

C. might

D. must

5. He _______ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn't be enjoying himself by the seaside.

A. should

B. must

C. wouldn't

D. can't

6. — Do you know where David is? I couldn't find him anywhere.

— Well. He have gone far—his coat's still here. （05湖北卷）

A．shouldn't B．mustn't C．can't D．wouldn't

7. — The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.

— Oh, dear! She _______ a lot of difficulties! (05 江苏卷)

A. may go through

B. might go through

C. ought to have gone through

D. must have gone through

8. I have lost one of my gloves. I ________ it somewhere. （05 北京春季）

A. must drop

B. must have dropped

C. must be dropping

D. must have been dropped

9. Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn't show up.

A. should have arrived

B. should arrive

C. should have had arrived

D. should be arriving

10. He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free. （05 山东卷）

A. could

B. would

C. must

D. need

11. — Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today?— Something ______ to him.

A．must happen B．should have happened

C．could have happened D．must have happened