英语阅读理解

Shanghai, literally the "City on the Sea", has in the 1990s become the center of China's economic development. Lying on the Yangzi River delta (三角洲), it marks the point where Asia's longest and most important river completes its 5,500km journey to the Pacific. Until 1842, Shanghai's location made it merely a small fishing village. After the First Opium War, the British named Shanghai a treaty (缔约) port, forcing the city's opening to foreign involvement.

The village was soon turned into a city and in its best time, it was known for the best culture and arts in Asia, the greatest architecture, the strongest business. Today Shanghai has once again become one of China's most open cities. It now hosts the nation's stock market, accounts for one-sixth of the country's GNP, and houses the most important industrial base in the nation.

Shanghai's open policy has also made the city the new hot attraction for foreign investors. As millions of dollars pour in, especially to Pudong, Shanghai has again become home to tens of thousands of foreigners. Foreign influence has made today's Shanghai a Chinese consumer's heaven. With higher salaries, more goods, and more and more means for entertainment, it's not surprising, then, that the Shanghainese enjoy one of the highest living standards in China.

1. In the early nineteenth century, Shanghai was ________.

A. only a small village

B. a prosperous city

C. forced to open to foreign ships

D. an important port in China

2. The first paragraph mainly tells us about ________.

A. what turned Shanghai into a city

B. the First Opium War meant disaster to Shanghai

C. Shanghai's location is very poor

D. Shanghai is near the Pacific

3. Which description of today's Shanghai is NOT true?

A. It is one of China's open cities.

B. It is an ideal place for consumers.

C. It boasts the nation's stock market.

Shortly before the end of World War II, leaders of many nations, including the United States, decided to form an international organization. It was hoped that nations could discuss their disagreements in this organization instead of fighting over them.

On April 25, 1945, some 200 representatives from many nations came to San Francisco, California, to make the rules that would govern this organization. After months of hard work, arguments, and compromises (妥协), the United Nations was established.

The essential functions of the U.N. are to maintain international peace and security, to develop friendly relations among nations, to cooperate internationally in solving international economic, social, culture and human problems, to promote respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms and to be center for coordinating (协调) the actions of nations in attaining these common ends.

No country takes precedence (优先) over another in the U.N. Each member's rights and obligations are the same. All must contribute to the peaceful settlement of international dispute, and members have pledged (发誓) to refrain from the threat or use of force against other states. Though the U.N. has no right to intervene in any state's internal affairs, it tries to ensure that

non-member states act according to its principles of international peace and security. U.N. members must offer every assistance in an approved U.N. action and in no way assist states against which the U.N. is taking preventive or enforcement action.

1. What does "them" in Paragraph 1 refer to?

A. The nations.

B. The United Nations.

C. Disagreements.

D. The representatives.

2. The idea of establishing the U.N. was put forward ________.

A. before World War II

B. during World War II

C. after World War II

D. on April 25, 1945

3. Which one is not seen as the U.N.'s function?