from与out of当“从”讲的区别
英语常用介词
英语常用介词用法与辨析表示方位的介词:in, to, on1。
in 表示在某地范围之内。
如:Shanghai is/lies in the east of China。
上海在中国的东部。
2。
to 表示在某地范围之外.如:Japan is/lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东面。
3. on 表示与某地相邻或接壤。
如:Mongolia is/lies on the north of China。
蒙古国位于中国北边.表示计量的介词:at, for, by1。
at表示“以……速度”“以……价格".如:It flies at about 900 kilometers an hour. 它以每小时900公里的速度飞行。
I sold my car at a high price。
我以高价卖了我的汽车。
2. for表示“用……交换,以……为代价"。
如:He sold his car for 500 dollars。
他以五百元把车卖了。
注意:at表示单价(price),for表示总钱数.3. by表示“以……计”,后跟度量单位。
如:They paid him by the month. 他们按月给他计酬。
Here eggs are sold by weight。
在这里鸡蛋是按重量卖的。
表示材料的介词:of, from, in1。
of成品仍可看出原料。
如:This box is made of paper. 这个盒子是纸做的。
2. from成品已看不出原料。
如:Wine is made from grapes。
葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。
3. in表示用某种材料或语言。
如:Please fill in the form in pencil first. 请先用铅笔填写这个表格。
They talk in English。
他们用英语交谈。
注意:in指用材料,不用冠词;而with指用工具,要用冠词。
初三英语第五单元知识点讲解解析
学科教师辅导讲义学生签字:日期:讲义编号:年级:课时数:学员姓名:辅导科目:英语学科教师:授课日期及时段教学目标1.掌握本单元知识点2.掌握被动语态学习内容Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?Section A 1 (1a-2d)Language points1.glass n. 作玻璃讲时,为不可数名词,表达数量则用。
piece(s) of glassglass 作玻璃杯讲是可数名词We can see everything through glass.Three pieces of window glass were broken because of strong wind.2. be made of. 由…制(构)成。
后接构成某物质的原料。
【例句】This skirt is made of silk.这件裙子是用丝绸制成的。
【横向辐射】be made of/from/up of的区别1) be made of 表示制成成品后,仍可看出原材料是什么.保留原材料的质和形状,制作过程仅发生物理变化。
【例句】:The kite is made of paper.风筝是用纸做的。
2) be made from 表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征,或原材料在制作过程中发生化学变化,在成品中已无法辨认。
【例句】The paper is made from wood.纸是木头做的。
Butter is made from milk.黄油是从牛奶中提炼出来的。
3) be made up of 用…构成或组成的。
指人、物皆可,指结构成分【例句】Our class is made up of six groups. 我们班是由六个小组组成的。
4) be made in +地点意为“在……(地方)制成”;5) be made by 意为“被(某人)……制成【课堂检测】一、单项选择:1. —What ________ the shirts __________? — Cotton.A. are; made fromB. are; made ofC. is made2. —Is your blouse made _______ silk? —Yes. It’s made ______ Shanghai.A. of; fromB. of, inC. from, in3. — Your skirt looks nice. What is it made ________? — Silk.A. inB. fromC. of2. For example, Anxi and Hangzhou arewidely known for their tea.widely adv. 广泛地;普遍地wide (形容词) + ly →widely (副词)e.g. Gas is widely used for cooking and heating.天然气被广泛地用于做饭和取暖。
介词大全
介词介词又叫前置词,介词放在名词或相当于名词的前面。
介词和其后的名词构成介词短语,介词短语主要用来表示时间、地点、目的、程度和方式等。
介词还可同动词配合构成短语动词。
从介词本身的意义来看,介词可以分成十个种类:一.表示时间的介词(一)表示时间的介词: 1.at, on, in (1) at 表示“在某一时刻、某一时点” at 5:30 在5:30 at sunrise 日出时 at lunch 午饭时 at noon 正午时 at night 夜间 I get up at 6:00 every day. 我每天6:00起床。
表示“在……岁” 时用at the age of…。
如:at the age of five.在五岁时。
(2) on 表示“在具体某一天或某天的上、下午如:on Monday在星期一 on April 1st在四月一日 I heard a shot on the morning of March 18.三月十八日早晨我听到一声枪响。
泛指上、下午、晚上、夜间时用in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night;但若指具体某一天的上述时段时,则一律用on。
如:On the afternoon of May 23.在五月二十三日下午。
(3)in 表示“在某月、季节、年、世纪”以及泛指的上、下午、晚上。
in September 在九月 in winter 在冬季 in 1999 在1999年 in the 20th century 在20世纪 in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上 2.for, during, through (1) for表示“一段时间”,后接与数词连用的时间名词。
多与完成时连用。
I’ve been a soldier for 5 years.我入伍已5年了。
She has been ill for several days. 她已经病了几天了。
2022年外研版九上《Module 7 Great books 导学案 (附答案)
Module 7 Great booksUnit 1学习目标一、掌握本单元discuss, influence, suppose, make sense , by the way等单词和短语. 〔重点〕二、掌握并灵活运用以下句子:〔重点〕1. What’s up ?2. …but I suppose he isn’t as well-know as Confucius or Shakespeare.3. Why don’t you join in the discussion and te ll us about it ?三、听懂有关世界名著的介绍的简短对话能用不同的语态及句型介绍世界名著.自主预习根据句意及汉语提示完成单词1. We will discuss (讨论) the problem at the meeting.2. For a wise (明智的) person , time is like treasure.3. Don’t le anybody influence (影响) your decision.4. Yang Liping was well-know (众所周知)as an excellent dancer.课堂导学1. What ‘s up ? 怎么了?句型1:what’s up ? 怎么了? / 出什么事了?what’s up ? 是口语中常用的一个句式, 意为“怎么了?/出什么事了?〞相当于What’s wrong / the matter / the trouble ? 假设表示询问某人或某事, 可在句末加with sb. /sth. .Are you crying ? What’s up ? 你在哭吗怎么了What’s up with your sister ? 你妹妹怎么了即学即练一单项选择- What’s D ?- I have got a headache.A. troubleB. matterC. happenD. up解析:What’s up用于口语中, 意为“怎么了?/出什么事了?〞trouble 和matter为名词, 前面要加the; happen为动词, 应说What happened或What’s happening?. 应选D.2. But I think I’d describe Confucius more as a teacher and thinker than a writer.但是我认为与其把孔子描述成一名作家, 倒不如说他是一名教师和思想家.短语1:more … than …与其说……倒不如说……more … than …, 意为“与其说……倒不如说……〞.He is more lucky than clever .与其说他聪明倒不如说他幸运拓展:more than意为“多于, 超出〞, 相当于over常和数词连用He was ill for more than two weeks .他病了两周多了即学即练二根据汉语意思完成句子成功来自努力而不是好运.Success is more hard work than good luck.3. We’re still influenced by Confucius’s ideas , and Shakespeare’s plays also make a lot of sense to us today.我们仍然受孔子的思想的影响, 莎士比亚的戏剧到现在对我们来说也很有意义.单词1:influence影响;作用于influence作动词, 意为“影响;作用于〞, 主要指对行为、性格、观点等产生间接的或潜移默化的影响.Colors influence our moods.颜色影响我们的情绪We became best friends and he influenced me deeply.我们成了最好的朋友他深深地影响了我拓展:influenced还可作名词, 意为“影响力;作用;有影响的人或物〞. Have an influence on ….表示“对……有影响〞.Television has a strong influence on people.电视对人有很大的影响短语2:make sense 合情理;明智;有意义Make sense是固定词组, 意为“合情理;明智;有意义〞.It all started to make sense .这一切都开始变得有意义This doesn’t make sense .这一点儿都不合理即学即练三一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词People not only in China but also from many other countries are still influenced (受影响) by Confucius’s thoughts.二、根据汉语意思完成句子这句话没什么意义.This sentence doesn’t make sense .4. By the way , what do you think of Mark Twain , the great American writer in the nineteenth century? 顺便问一下, 你认为19世纪伟大的美国作家马克·吐温怎么样?短语3:by the way顺便提一下by the way, 意为“顺便提一下〞, 常作插入语, 用于在交谈中插入新话题、题外话或评论.By the way , have you seen the film?顺便问一下, 你看过这部影片吗?归纳:与way相关的短语in the way挡路on the way… 在去……的路上in this way用这种方式in a way在某种意义上all the way自始至终!即学即练四单项选择D , do you know which bike is his?A. In the wayB. On the wayC. By wayD. By the way解析:in the way, 意为“挡路〞, on the way意为“在路上〞;C项表达错误, by the way意为“顺便说一句, 顺便问一下〞. 句意为“顺便问一下, 哪辆自行车是他的?〞应选D.Unit 2学习目标一、掌握本单元adventure, escape, run away , be surprised to do sth. , pay for 等单词和短语. 〔重点〕二、能听懂读懂评价名著的文章根据本单元学到的知识和自己的体会写一篇介绍名著作品的短文.自主预习新词自测读写单词或短语并熟记看谁记得快get into trouble2.逃走;逃跑run away3.逃离;逃脱v. escapen. cave5.死的;去世的adj. deadn. neighbouradj. aliven. dialogue课堂导学1. He and his best friend , Huck Finn , run away to a island in the middle of the Mississippi River.他和他最好的朋友哈克芬恩逃到密西西比河中游的一个岛上.短语1:run away逃走;逃跑run away是动词短语, 意为“逃走;逃跑〞. run away from …意为“从……逃走/逃跑〞when the police arrived , the thieves had run away .当警察到达时这几个小偷已经跑了He ran away form home at the age of thirteen.他十三岁那年就离家出走了即学即练一根据汉语意思完成句子警观察到小偷从银行逃跑了.The policemen watched the thief run away from the bank.2. Later , Tom escapes from a cave with another friend , Becky.后来, 汤姆和他的另一个朋友贝琪从山洞中逃脱了.单词1:escape逃离;逃脱;逃跑escape在本句中为不及物动词, 意为“逃离;逃脱;逃跑〞, 常与from/out of连用, 表示“逃离……, 从……逃跑/逃走〞.My dog escaped from/out of the cage last night.昨晚我的狗从笼子里跑出来了They escaped from /out of the city.他们逃离了这座城市拓展:escape用作及物动词, 意为“逃跑, 逃离〞, 后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语, 不用于被动语态. You were lucky to escape the fire.你很幸运逃离了火场They were lucky to escape being punished.他们很幸运没有受惩罚即学即练二单项选择Li Ming often escape C the floorA. to cleanB. of cleaningC. cleaningD. to cleaning解析:escape作动词, 意为“逃离;逃脱;逃跑〞后跟动词时, 用动词-ing形式. 应选C.3. Everyone is surprised to see them at first , but very pleased to find that they are alive.起初, 每个人看到他们都很吃惊, 但当发现他们还活着的时候, 都很快乐.短语be surprised to do sth.为固定结构, 意为“做某事感到很吃惊〞. 其中surprise为形容词, 意为“感到吃惊的〞, 常作表语, 主语一般为人.I was surprised to see him there .我很惊讶会在那儿见到他The boy was surprised to meet his good friend in the country.这个男孩对在乡下遇到他的好朋友感到很吃惊拓展:be surprised at sth. 表示“对某事/某物吃惊〞.I am very surprised at his great progress.我对他取得的巨大进步感到非常惊讶即学即练三单项选择I had a hard time with math and I wasn’t B to get the bad report from my math teacher.A. sureB. surprisedC. excitedD. surprising解析:句意为“我学习数学很吃力,从数学老师那里得到坏的评分我一点儿都不感到惊讶. 〞根据句意可知surprised(感到吃惊的)符合题意.4. It tells how young people grow , how people love each other and how bad people pay for their actions.它讲述了年轻人如何长大, 人们如何彼此相爱, 坏人如何为他们的行为付出代价.短语3:pay for 为……付出代价pay for在本句中, 意为“为……付出代价〞. pay for还可意为“为……付款/付钱〞. pay 用作动词, 意为“付款;给……报酬〞.He will have to pay for this foolish behavior.他将不得不为这种愚蠢的行为付出代价.How much did you pay for your computer ?你买电脑花了多少钱辨析:pay , take , cost 与spend的区别He will pay 3000 yuan for his summer camp他将花300元参加夏令营It took me two hours to get there.到达那里花了我两个小时的时间That skirt cost me about twenty dollars.那条裙子花了我大约20美元I spent two hours watching the film last night.昨晚我花了两个小时的时间看电影即学即练四根据汉语意思完成句子他将不得不为自己所做的一切付出代价He’ll have to pay for what he has done.Unit 3学习目标掌握英语中常用的一般现在时的被动语态. 〔重点〕Their works are still read by many people today.It is still read and loved by people all over the world.自主预习按要求完成句子1.Jim cleans the blackboard on Wednesday.(改为被动语态)The backboard is cleaned by Jim on Wednesday2.My father doesn’t wash clothes at all.(改为被动语态)Clothes aren’t washed by my father at all.3.Trees are planted in spring .(改为一般疑问句).Are trees planted in spring?课堂导学Well, they’re all fantastic stories ,full of exciting situations of course.哦,所有的故事都很好,都充满了令人兴奋的情景.短语1:full of 装满;充满full of, 意为“装满;充满〞, be full of…, 意为“装满……的;被……充满〞, 相当于be filled with …the halls is full of people.大厅里满是人My bowl is full of rice again.= My bowl is filled with rice again.我的碗里又盛满了米饭即学即练单项选择The girl received a basket B flowers on her birthday.A. was full ofB. full ofC. was filled withD. fill with解析:be full of …与be filled with…, 意为“充满……的, 装满……的〞, 在句中构成系表结构;full of 也可表达“装满, 充满〞, 但因为没有be动词, 故常在句中作定语;fill with为动词短语, 意为“装满〞, 在句中作谓语. 而此题中已有谓语动词received. 应选B.语法规律总结一般现在时的被动语态1.英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态. 主动语态中, 主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者. 被动语态中, 主语是谓语动词所表示动作的承受者.Many people speak Chinese. (谓语speak的动作是由主语many people执行的, 是主动语态)Chinese is spoken by many people. (主语Chinese是谓语动词speak所表示的动作的承受者,是被动语态)被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词〞构成. 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be 的变化表现出来的. 一般现在时的被动语态的构成为“am/is /are +及物动词的过去分词〞.Shakespeare’s plays are seen by millions of people every year .每年有上百万的人观看莎士比亚的戏剧(1)作的执行者不明确或不必说出时, 用被动语态.English is spoken all over the world.世界各地都讲英语(2)强调或突出动作的承受者时, 用被动语态Such things are only eaten by animals这样的东西只有动物才吃(3)出于礼貌或语气婉转等不愿说出动作的执行者是谁时, 用被动语态.You are requested to give another performance.请你再表演一个节目即学即练把以下句子变为被动语态1. They sing an English song before class every day .An English song is sung by them before class every day.2. My father mends the carThe car is mended by my father.Unit 1学习目标一、掌握本单元including, attend, whatever, give up等单词和短语. 〔重点〕二、掌握并灵活运用以下句子:〔重点〕1. Whatever she does , she never give up !2. That’s amazing.三、听懂有关英雄人物的对话并能流利地介绍自己喜欢的名人.自主预习新词自测读写单词或短语并熟记看谁记得快.1.包含;包括prep.2.出席;参加v.3.在国外;到国外adv.5.不管怎么样conj.7.意志;决心n. 8.获胜;胜利n.9.实在;确实adv. 10.惊人的adj.课堂导学1. Whatever she does , she never give up .无论她做什么, 她从来都不放弃.单词1:Whatever 无论什么;不管怎么样Whatever作连词, 意为“无论什么;不管怎么样〞, 在本句中引导状语从句. whatever相当于no matter what, 还可以引导主语从句, 也可引导宾语从句.happens , stay calm.不管发生什么情况, 保持镇静.归纳:类似whatever的词还有:wherever无论在哪里, however然而, whoever无论, whenever谁无论何时等. You can go wherever you like.你可以去你喜欢的任何地方Whoever comes will be welcome.不管谁来都欢迎短语1:give up放弃give up, 意为“放弃〞, 后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语. give up为动副结构的短语, 当宾语为代词时, 代词要放在短语中间.Tom isn’t good at math , but he won’t汤姆不善长数学, 但他不会放弃数学的To keep healthy , you should smoking要想保持健康, 你应该戒烟即学即练一一、单项选择- Why did your uncle finally such a good chance to work abroad?- Because he wanted to do more for our country.A. look upB. make upC. give upD. use up二、按要求完成句子改为同义句.Whatever he says , she will agree with him (改为同义句)he says , she will agree with him.2. Well, I t hink she’s a good student as well as a good player.嗯, 我认为她不仅是一名优秀的运发动, 而且还是一名好学生.短语2:as well as 也;不仅……而且……as well as, 意为“也;不仅……而且……〞, 常用来连接两个并列的成分, 强调as well as前面的内容. as well as连接两个名词、代词等作主语时, 谓语动词跟as well as前面的词在人称和数上保持一致.Bob can speak Spanish English.鲍勃不仅会讲英语, 也会说西班牙语.提示:as well as和not only…but also…同义, 但前者的语意重点和后者的语意重点恰好相反.Jennifer can sing as well as dance. 〔强调唱歌〕珍妮弗不但会跳舞, 也会唱歌.Jennifer can not only sing but also dance.〔强调跳舞〕珍妮弗不但会唱歌, 也会跳舞.即学即练二一、单项选择The mother, as well as her two daughters, to the theatre with some friends this evening.A.are goingB.were goingC.is goingD.was goingUnit 2学习目标一、掌握本单元sick, treat, manage, die for , take care of , on one’s own等单词和短语. 〔重点〕二、看懂介绍白求恩的文章并能就自己所学所知写一篇类似的短文.自主预习一、新词自测读写单词或短语并熟记, 看谁记得快.1.加拿大的;加拿大人的adj.2.士兵n.3.伤;伤口n.4.为……而死5.了解;意识到v.6. 垂死的;即将死亡的adj.7. 那时候8. 创造;创造n.9. 做成;〔尤指〕设法完成v.10. 〔使〕继续v.二、用所给词的适当形式填空1. Dr Bethune is one of the most famous (hero) in China.2. He often worked very hard without (rest) or (take) care of himself.3. Once , he managed (save) over a hundred lives.课堂导学1.Dr Bethune developed new ways of taking care of the sick.白求恩大夫开发了新方法来照顾病人.短语1:take care of照顾;护理take care of, 意为“照顾;护理〞其中care为不可数名词, 前面不用冠词修饰. 此短语后面可接名词或代词作宾语, 其同义短语为look after.She stayed at home and her mother yesterday.昨天她待在家里照顾她母亲.短语2:the+形容词某一类人或事物句中the sick, 意为“病人〞. 定冠词the与形容词连用, 表示复数意义的“某一类人或事物〞. 当这种结构作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式.need us to care about them.盲人需要我们关心他们即学即练一一、单项选择young will like this kind of sport , but old will not.A. A;aB. A;theB.The ; aC. The ; the二、根据汉语意思完成句子当我不在家时, 照顾好你自己.When I’m out , yourself.2. At that time, there were few doctors , so he had to work very hard on his own.那时候, 那儿几乎没有医生, 所以他得努力地单独一人工作.短语3:at that time那时候at that time是固定词组, 意为“那时候〞, 常用于过去时或过去进行时的句子中.She was 86 . 那时她86岁.He was sleeping . 他那时正在睡觉短语4:on one’s own单独一人on one’s own, 意为“单独一人〞, 还可表示“靠自己;独立地〞, 一般用作状语, 相当于by oneself或者alone. Although her father is in the company , Mary got the job 尽管她父亲在这个公司里, 但玛丽是靠自己得到那份工作的.We should do our own things 我们自己的事情应该自己做.即学即练二一、单项选择- What were you doing when I called at 8 p.m. yesterday?- I the piano at that time.A. playB. is playingC. playedD. was playing二、根据汉语意思完成句子学生们应该独立完成他们的家庭作业.Students should finish their homework .3… and managed to save over a hundred lives.……设法挽救了一百多条生命.单词1:manage .做成;〔尤指〕设法完成manage作动词, 意为“做成:〔尤指〕设法完成〞, 其后可接名词、代词或动词不定式, manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事〞. manage作动词, 还可表示“管理, 经营, 控制〞等后接名词或代词.We the work ahead of time.我们设法提前完成了工作She the shop while the owner was away.店主不在的时候她照管商店即学即练三根据汉语意思完成句子最后警察设法抓住了那个小偷.At last , the policeman the thief.4. In the end , he died of his wound.最后, 他因他的伤口〔感染〕而死.短语5:die of 因……而死, 死于……die of, 意为“因……而死. 死于……〞, 原因常来自内部, 后常接hunger, illness , cancer ,sorrow等名词. Steve jobs illness on October 5, 2021 .史蒂夫乔布斯于2021年10月5日因病逝世.Every year , nearly one million people hunger.每年约有一百万人死于饥饿.拓展:die from的用法die from, 意为“死于……〞原因常来自外部, 由环境造成〔主要指事故等方面的外部原因〕, 后常接accident , overwork , drinking , smoking等名词.即学即练四一、单项选择My grandma died cancer.Unit 3学习目标掌握原因状语从句目的状语从句和结果状语从句的用法. 〔重点〕Many people were dying because they did not get to hospital quickly enough.There were few doctors ,so he had to work very hard on his own.He wrote books so that they could about how he treated the sick.自主预习从方框中选择适当的连词完成句子1. I didn’t know which dictionary was better , I took neither.2. Traffic is heavy and the price of oil is much higher, many people go to work by bus instead.3. Both of his parents work in the city . he lives with his grandparents in the village.4. The teacher speaks loudly the students can hear her clearly.5. If you go to visit London , don’t forget your umbrella it rains a lot there .课堂导学On 12th April 1961, Gagarin took off for space .1961年4月12日,加加林乘宇宙飞船飞往太空.短语1:take off 〔飞机等〕起飞take off是动词短语, 意为“〔飞机等〕起飞〞, 反义词是land. 它还可表示“脱下;取下〞, 反义短语为put on. When will the plane ?飞机何时起飞He his raincoat and took out the key.他脱下雨衣, 拿出钥匙.注意:take off是由“动词+副词〞构成的短语, 当其后接代词时, 代词要放在take和off的中间. 当其后接名词时, 名词放在off的前后均可.Put on your clothes . Don’t take them off.把你的衣服穿上. 别脱下来.即学即练一、单项选择Attention please . The plane will in five minutes.A. take outB. take afterC. take offD. take care二、根据汉语意思完成句子这个人脱下他的毛衣, 出去了.The man his sweater and went out .语法规律总结原因、结果和目的状语从句.1.原因状语从句〔1〕because引导的原因状语从句because作连词, 意为“因为〞, 表示必然的因果关系, 语气较强, 通常放在主句之后, 假设需强调那么放在主句之前, 常用来答复疑问词why提出的问题. because引导的原因状语从句有时可与because of短语换用. because和so在一个句子中不能同时使用.I went to see a doctor because I had a cold.我去看医生, 因为我感冒了.-Why are you anxious?-为什么你很着急-Because my bike is broken.-因为我的自行车坏了.(2) since引导的原因状语从句since, 意为“因为;由于;既然〞, 侧重主句, 从句表示显然的或的理由, 常放在句首.Since we are young , we shouldn’t be afraid of making mistakes.既然我们还年轻, 我们不该害怕犯错误.2.结果状语从句so常用来连接并列句, 前一分句表示原因, 后一分句表示结果. so和since不能连用.They worked very hard , so they could finish the work before supper.他们拼命地干活, 所以在晚饭前就能把工作做完.It is very cold outside ,so I wore a heavy coat.外边很冷, 所以我穿了一件厚大衣.3.目的状语从句so that 引导的目的状语从句中通常带有can , could , may , might ,should 等情态动词. so that引导的从句在主句后, 从句前不用逗号, 有时可省略that.I will tell you all the facts so that you can judge for yourself.我会告诉你所有的事实以便你可以自己判断.即学即练用so, so that , because , because of 填空1. This meal is my treat , put your money away.2. I get up early I can do some exercise.3. I di dn’t eat the fish the smell was terrible.4. David didn’t go to school his illness.。
中考英语语法讲解之介词和介词短语
介词和介词短语1、介词的主要用法:介词是一种虚词,不能独立使用。
介词之后一般有名词或代词(宾格..)或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成介词短语。
有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词,如:out of(从…中出来), because of(因为), away from(距离…), on top of(在…顶上), ever since(自从…), next to(在…隔壁), according to(根据…), in front of(在…前方)等。
2)above在…前, about在…附近, across在…对面, after在…后面, against倚着..., along在…近旁, among周围, round在….周围, at在…处, before在...前, behind在...后, below低于..., beside在...旁边, between在...之间, by在...旁, down在...下面, from来自..., in在...里面, inside在...里面, near靠近..., of在...之中, on在...上面, out of在...之外, outside在....外面, over在....上方, under在...下方, up在...上面, on top of在...顶部, in front of在...前,在...的中间, at the end of在...的末端,等等。
across横越..., against对抗..., along沿着..., around绕着..., round环绕..., at朝着..., behind向…后面,...,by路过/通过..., down向…下, for向..., from从/离..., in进入..., into进入..., inside到...里面, near接近..., off脱离/除..., on向...上, out of向...外, outside向....外, over跨过..., past经过/超过..., through穿过..., to向/朝..., towards 到...上面, onto到...上面, up向...上, away from远离...about大约..., after在…以后, at在… (时刻), before在…以前, by到…为止, during在…期间, for有…(之久), from, in在(上/下午);在(多久)以后, on在(某日), past过了…(时), since自从…(至今), through 贯穿…(期间), till直到…时, until直到…时, to到(下一时刻), ever since从那时起至今,at the beginning of在...开始时,at the end of在...末, in 在...当中,at the time of在...时as作为/当作..., by用/由/乘坐/被..., in用…(语言), like与…一样, on骑(车)/徒(步),通过(收音机/电视机), over), through通过..., with用(材料),用(手/脚/耳/眼), without没有…about关于..., except除了…, besides除了…还... for对于/就…而言, in在…(方面), of…的,有关..., on关于/有关...,, towards针对..., with就…而言其它介词:【目的介词】for为了..., from防止…,to为了…【原因介词】for因为..., with由于…, because of因为...【比较介词】as与…一样,like象…一样,than比...,to与…相比, unlike与…不同【伴随/状态介词】against和…一起(比赛),at在(上班/休息/上学/家,etc.),in穿着…(衣服/颜色),into变成...,on在(值日), with与…一起,有/带着/长着..., without没有/无/不与…一起3、介词短语的句法作用:介词短语相当于一个形容词或副词,可用作状语、定语和表语。
Out of的用法及例句
"Out of" 是一个短语,有多种用法,具体取决于上下文。
以下是一些常见的用法:
1. 来源或原因:
- I made a cake out of flour and sugar.(我用面粉和糖做了一个蛋糕。
)
- She was crying out of happiness.(她因为快乐而哭泣。
)
2. 离开或脱离:
- He walked out of the room.(他走出了房间。
)
- Get out of the car!(从车里出来!)
3. 没有:
- I'm out of milk.(我的牛奶用完了。
)
4. 在...之外:
- The cat is out of the bag.(秘密泄露了。
)
- Stay out of trouble.(避免麻烦。
)
5. 表示数量的一部分:
- Three out of five people prefer the red color.(五个人中有三个喜欢红色。
)
6. 在一段时间后:
- I'll be back out of the meeting in an hour.(我会在一个小时后从会议中回来。
)
7. 表示超过:
- The car was driving at speeds of over 100 miles out of the city.(汽车在城市外以超过100英里的速度行驶。
)
请注意,"out of" 的确切含义会随着上下文而变化,上述例句提供了一些常见用法的示例。
(完整版)初中英语语法介词用法讲解与练习
(完整版)初中英语语法介词用法讲解与练习介词1.表示时间的介词:at, in, on, before, to, from, by, till, until, after, for, since 等。
2.表示地点,位置,方向的介词:next, to, in, in front of, on , out of, at, above, over, into, near, between, under, up, across, by, down, from, around, behind, beside等3.表示原因,理由的介词:for, as, at, from 等4.表示方式的介词:on, in, by, with 等。
常用介词辨析1.表示时间的in, on, at, after1)in 的用法。
用于早晨、下午、傍晚。
In the morning/afternoon/evening用于月、年、季节等。
In March, in 1986, in spring用于一段时间后。
In a week, in a year’s time, in two hours2)on 的用法用于具体某一天。
On my birthday, on the morning of next Friday, on June 6, on Sunday, on New Year’s Day用于描述性的时间。
On a cold night, on a winter day3)at 的用法用于具体的钟点。
At 12 o’clock, at half nine用于固定的搭配。
At lunch, at night, at breakfast, at noon, at Christmas, at weekends, at that time 4)after 表示在一点时间以后。
After twelve o’clock2. 表示的地点的in, on , atin指大地方,at是小地点,in表示的是体,on表示的是面,at表示的是点。
新概念英语第二册笔记 第33课
Lesson 33 0ut of darkness 冲出黑暗Why was the girl in hospital?Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm. Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea. Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water. During that time she covered a distance of eight miles. Early next morning, she saw a light ahead. She knew she was near the shore because the light was high up on the cliffs. On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. That was all she remembered. When she woke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.参考译文几乎过了一个星期,那姑娘才能讲述自己的遭遇。
一天下午,她乘小船从海岸出发,遇上了风暴。
天将黑时,小船撞在了一块礁石上,姑娘跳进了海里。
她在海里游了整整一夜才游到岸边。
英语连词和介词用法讲解
初中连词用法:1. as as作为连词,引导时间状语从句,“当……的时候”,一般用于一般过去时。
例如: As he explored the sea,he took a lot of pictures. 他在探海时,拍了许多照片。
还可以引导原因状语从句,只说明一般的因果关系,语气比because弱,说明比较明显的原因,它引导的从句通常放在句首,有时也放在句尾。
例如: As the car is expensive,we can’t buy it. 由于汽车太贵,我们买不起。
As everybody has come,we can set off. 既然大家都到了,我们可以动身了。
as soon as 一……就 例如: As soon as he arrived in France,he called me. 他一到法国,就给我打电话。
as…as… 表示双方程度相等,“和……一样”。
基本句式: A、主语+谓语(系动词)+as+原级形容词+as… 例如: Xiao Li is as tall as his brother. 小李和他哥哥一样高。
Your jacket is as new as mine. 你的茄克衫和我的一样新。
B、主语+谓语(行为动词)+as+ 原级副词 +as… 例如: He speaks French as fluently as you. 他说法语和你说得一样流利。
Wang Ying teaches maths as conscientiously as her sister.王莹教数学和她姐姐一样认真。
2. a few;few;a little;little few或a few在句中修饰可数名词,后接可数名词复数;也可用来代替复数名词。
其中few表示否定,意为“几乎没有”,a few则表示肯定,意为“有一些”。
例如: Few people lived here many years ago.许多年前几乎没有人住在这儿。
高中英语语法知识汇总:介词
高中英语语法知识汇总:介词介词又叫前置词,是一种虚词。
介词在句子中不能单独使用,只能与名词、代词等构成介词短语,在句中作状语、后置定语、表语和补语等。
一、介词的分类二、表时间的介词:about, around, before, by, at, after, in, on, between, during, for, from, since, till, until, within等。
1.表示时间先后的before,after和in。
before表示某一时刻之前和after表示某一时刻之后。
in一般表示“从现在或说话时刻算起某一段时间之后”,用于将来时。
after则表示以过去为起点的某一段时间之后,用于过去时。
“in+时间段"也可作”在……之内"解。
He will be back in a few days. 他几天之后就回来。
He left on Monday and returned after three days. 他星期一走的,三天后回来的。
It's difficult to draw a horse well in half an hour.半小时之内画好一匹马是困难的。
2.表示"时间延续"的for, from...tofor表示动作或状态延续的时间长度,谓语动词必须是延续性的。
而from...to...表示“从……到……”。
We have studied English for three years. 我们学英语已三年了。
My family lived in Beijing from 1996 to 1999.我家从1996年到1999年住在北京。
3.表示"时限"的介词since, from, by, until(till)since表示动作的起始点,其意是 "从……以来 ",常与完成时态连用。
2019高考英语常考基本词汇讲解讲解系列(18)
2019高考英语常考基本词汇讲解讲解系列(18)重点单词详解1、range vt.排列;排序;变化;变动n.(变动或浮动的)范围;类;种;一系列rangefrom...to...从……到……(范围)rangebetween...and...从……到……(范围)atcloserange接近地atlong/shortrange在远/近距离inrange在射程内outof/beyondrange在射程外inrangewith和……并排;和……同一方向intherangeof在……范围内;在射程内outofone'srange能力达不到的;知识范围以外的withinrangeof在……射程以内;在……范围以内1)Prices________________50________100dollars.价格从50美元到100美元不等。
2)Thetemperature________________30________40degreescentigrade.温度在30摄氏度与40摄氏度之间。
【答案】1)rangedfrom;to2)rangesbetween;and(1)完成句子1)Thehoteloffers________________________________facilities.这家酒店提供各种各样的设备。
2)Thereis________________________________activitiesforchildren.这里有给孩子们提供的各种活动。
【答案】1)awiderangeof2)afullrangeof(2)名校押题Therewere120studentsinthisgroupwhoseages________from10to18.A、fellB、changedC、rangedD、turned【答案与解析】Crangefrom...to...“在……和……的范围内”,应选C项。
介词使用方法归纳
初中英语介词的使用口诀表以下是一些介词的使用口诀,希望对大家有用:上午、晚要用in,at黎明、午夜、点与分。
年、月、年月、季节、周,阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。
将来时态in...以后,小处at大处in。
有形with无形by,语言、单位、材料in。
特征、方面与方式,心情成语惯用in。
介词at和to表方向,攻击、位置、恶、善分。
日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早、午、晚,收音、农场、值日on,关于、基础、靠、着论。
着、罢、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付、相反,准。
特定时日和"一……就",on后常接动名词。
年、月、日加早、午、晚,of之前on代in。
步行、驴、马、玩笑on,cab,carriage则用in。
at山脚、门口、在当前,速、温、日落、价、核心。
工具、和、同随with,具有、独立、就、原因。
就……来说宾译主,对、有、方状、表细分。
海、陆、空、车、偶、被by,单数、人类know to man。
this、that、tomorrow,yesterday,next、last、one。
接年、月、季、星期、周,介词省略已习惯。
over、under正上下,above、below则不然,若与数量词连用,混合使用亦无关。
beyond超出、无、不能,against靠着,对与反。
besides,except分内外,among之内along沿。
同类比较except,加for异类记心间。
原状because of,、owing to、due to表语形容词under后接修、建中,of、from物、化分。
before、after表一点, ago、later表一段。
before能接完成时,ago过去极有限。
since以来during间,since时态多变换。
与之相比beside,除了last but one。
复不定for、找、价、原,对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。
快到、对、向towards,工、学、军、城、北、上、南。
介词及八种时态
介词:1、介词的主要用法:介词是一种虚词,不能独立使用。
介词之后一般有名词或代词(宾格..)或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成介词短语。
有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词,如:out of(从…中出来), because of(因为), away from(距离…), on top of(在…顶上), ever since(自从…), next to(在…隔壁), according to(根据…), in front of(在…前方)等。
2)above在…前, about在…附近, across在…对面, after在…在…近旁, among在…中间, around在…周围, round 在….周围, at在…处, before在...前, behind在...后, below低于..., beside 在...旁边, between在...之间, by在...旁, down在...下面, from来自..., in在...里面, inside在...里面, near靠近..., of在...之中, on在...上面, out of在...之外, outside在....外面, over在....上方, under在...下方, up在...上面, on top of在...顶部, in front of在...前, close to靠近..., in the middle of在...在...的末端,等等。
across横越..., against对抗..., along沿着..., around绕朝着..., behind向…后面, etween…and…从…到...,by 路过/通过..., down向…下, for向..., from从/离..., in进入..., into进入..., inside到...里面, near接近..., off脱离/除..., on向...上, out of向...外, outside向....外, over跨过..., past经过/超过..., through穿过..., to向/朝..., ..., on to到...上面, onto到...上面, up向...上, away from远离...about大约..., after在…以后, at在… (时刻), before在…以前, byduring在…期间, for有…(之久), from从…(时)起, in在(上/下午);在(多久)以后, on在(某日), past过了…(时), since自从…(至今), through 贯穿…(期间), till直到…时, until直到…时, to到(下一时刻), ever since从那时起至今,at the beginning of在...开始时 ,at the end of在...末 , in the middle of在...在...时as作为/当作..., by用/由/乘坐/被..., in用…(语言), like与…一样,徒(步),通过(收音机/电视机), over通过(收音机), through通过..., with用(手/脚/耳/眼), without没有…about关于..., except除了…, besides除了…还... for对于/就…而言,,有关..., on关于/有关..., to对…而言, towards针对..., with就…而言其它介词:【目的介词】 for为了..., from防止…, to为了…【原因介词】 for因为..., with由于…, because of因为...【比较介词】 as与…一样,like象…一样,than比...,to与…相比, unlike与…不同【伴随/状态介词】 against和…一起(比赛),at在(上班/休息/上学/家,etc.),in 穿着…(衣服/颜色),into变成...,on在(值日), with与…一起,有/带着/长着..., without没有/无/不与…一起3、介词短语的句法作用:介词短语相当于一个形容词或副词,可用作状语、定语和表语。
新概念第二册lesson33-34课文详解
Lesson 33 Out of the darkness 冲出黑暗Why was the girl in hospitalNearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm. Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea. Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water. During that time she covered a distance of eight miles. Early next morning, she saw a light ahead. She knew she was near the shore because the light was high up on the cliffs. On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. That was all she remembered. When she woke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.参考译文几乎过了一个星期,那姑娘才能讲述自己的遭遇。
一天下午,她乘小船从海岸出发,遇上了风暴。
天将黑时,小船撞在了一块礁石上,姑娘跳进了海里。
她在海里游了整整一夜才游到岸边。
英语介词的分类及用法
介词的分类和应用英语介词虽是小词,数量也不多,但它灵活多变,随处可见,功能强大而且难于掌握。
在现代英语中,介词的地位非常重要。
我们切不可小看这个小角色,不可忽视它的作用。
如果你能在英语介词上下一番功夫,那么你的英语水平会有一个飞跃提高。
英语介词分类:按结构英语介词可分为3类:1.简单介词(约有70个),如:in,at,on,by,with,down,for,beside,along,across等。
2.分词介词(约15个)如:during,following,considering,regarding,speaking,judging,talking等。
3.成语介词(约有500个)如:out of,apart from(除之外:别无、尚有),because of,by means of用、依靠等。
按意义英语介词可分为3类:1. 时间介词,如:at, on, in, during, over, from, for, until等。
2. 地点介词,如:at, on, in, across, to, over, between, inside, outside等。
3. 其它介词,如:by, with, about, except, instead of, due to, apart from等。
介词-- 从不独立行动的精灵英语介词不可单独使用,只能与不同的此类构成介词短语来在句子中担当一个成分。
常用的五种介词短语1.介词+名词:at the door, into the bag2.介词+代词: for me, of others3.介词+动名词: in doing so, to my saying that4.介词+连接副词/连接代词/what从句:over what he had better do5.介词+连接副词/连接代词+不定式:on how to do this其他类型的介词短语6.介词+介词短语:from across the street, until after dinner7.介词+副词:from below8.介词+复合结构:with the light on9.介词+不定式(but/except):…did nothing but sleep介词-- 连接词与词纽带英语经常用介词来表示词与词之间的关系1. 时间1)at表示在某一时间点: at 3 o’clock2)in表示在某一时间段内的某一或某些点:in 2004in表示在某段时间的结束点:I’ll see you again in a week.3) during表示某一时间段内自始至终:during the first period4) on表示在某一day/date或其中的某一段:on Monday, on Sunday morning5) by表示不迟于某个时间:by now2. 地点1)at表示在某处(而非它处):at school2) in表示在内部或某个范围内:in the office3) on表示在上面与某平面接触:on the table4) outside表示在某个范围之外:outside world5) under表示在比某个位置低的地方或在某表面之下:under a chair6) by表示靠近或接近:by the window3. 原因1)because of表示因为或以…为理由:because of my father2) for表示动作或活动的目的、目标或意图:for sale3) out of表示起源、来源或原因:out of duty4. 方式1)with表示以…方式:with skill2)in表示以某种方式:in French, in cash,in this way5. 方法1) by表示方法、手段: by the back road, by bus, by working hard2) on表示运送方式:on a train, on foot3) in表示途径或材料:in oils1. 介词短语的词性--形容词1) 常用于做定语的介词短语的介词of: a child of sixwith: a man with a suitcasein: a girl in redto: the key to the doorfor: a war for moneyabout: an agreement about trade2)常用于做表语的介词短语的介词at: She was at a loss.beyond;The road is beyond the hill.in: He’s still in danger.of: It’s of no value.on: He is on guard.out of: I’m out of job.under: He’s under forty.3) 用于做宾语补足语:I saw George at work.A cold kept him in bed for 7 days.2. 介词短语的词性—副词1)做状语,主要用于修饰谓语:He has been here since Monday.Bake it is for two hours.2) 用于be+adj.结构:She is afraid of snakes.I’m sorry about that.3) 修饰非谓语动词:I asked to speak to the headmaster.介词--短语动词中的关键角色含有介词的短语动词1. v.+ prep :agree with/to/on/in, answer for, ask for, come across, go after, live on, run into, head for, look for/after/at 等。
初中英语语法 介词用法口诀大全5
Who but a fool would study foreign language well if he is a hard working one.
如果他勤奋好学的话,除了傻瓜谁都能学好外语。(除了)
Look at the last page but one. 请看倒数第2页。
我来这儿以前就已学了四个月法语了。(before 接完成时)
He fell ill three days ago.
他病了三天了。(ago 则只能接动词过去式,同时注意瞬间动词的问题。)
He left two months ago. 两个月前他离开了。(同上)
I met her a few minutes ago. 我在几分钟前碰到他了。(同上)
国庆前 before National Day
入大学前 before coming to college
这些都是“点”状语,因为1970年前即1970年1月1日前。国庆节即10月1日前。
ago 表示一段时间。
例:一分钟前 a minute ago
半小时前 half an hour ago
He was the last but three in maths examination this time. 他这次数学考试成绩倒数第四。
They live in the next house but one. 他们住在隔壁过去一家。
复不定 for、找,价,原,对,给,段,去,为,作,赞
The medicine is for reducing your temperature. 这药是退烧的。(为……目的)
After breakfast, I'll go for a stroll round the town.
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中考指导:初中英语语法之介词
中考指导:初中英语语法之介词介词是一种虚词,用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语句中其它词的关系,不能单独使用。
介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。
下面来跟小编一起看看吧。
介词短语可在句中作定语,状语,表语和宾语补足语。
例如:The boy over there is John’s brother. (定语)The girl will be back in two hours. (状语)Our English teacher is from Australia. (表语)Help yourself to some fish. (宾语补足语)II表示时间的介词表示“时间”的介词如下:1.表示年、月、日、时刻等用at,in,on2.表示时间的前后用 before, after3.表示期限等用by,until,till4.表示期间等用for,during,through5.表示时间的起点等用 from, since6.表示时间的经过等用in,within(1) at,on,in1)at:用于表示时刻、时间的某一点at noon正午时 at night在夜间 at present目前at nine(o’clock)在九点钟We usually have lunch at noon(at twelve)。
我们通常中午吃午饭(十二点吃午饭)。
(2)on:用于某天,某一天的上、下午(指具体的某一天时,一律用on)注意 :泛指一般的上午(下午)时用in,但特指某日的上午(下午)时用on。
in the morning在早上on sun day morning在周日早上on Monday在周一on Tuesday morning在周二早上on June 6在6月6日on May 4,1996在1996年5月4日on a cold night在一个寒冷的夜晚on the night of July(the) first在七月一日的夜晚We didn't listen to the lecture on Wednesday afternoon 上周三下午我们没去听演讲。
高考英语介词讲解
(一)方位介词1.图解方位介词如:Be careful,there is a heavy box over your head。
The sun is above the mountain in the east。
There are some stamps on the desk。
The position he pointed to was below the sea level。
The little mouse is under the table,so it is not easy to find it。
The Great Wall winds its way from west to east,across desert,over mountains,through valleys,till at last it reaches the sea。
The crowd of people walked past the City Hall to the Center Square。
2.at,in两词均表示地点,“在……处”。
at用于指较小的地方,如在门牌号码前;in用于指较大的地方。
如:We’ll meet each other at the park。
我们将在公园见面。
Mr. White lived in Hong Kong for 20 years。
怀特先生在香港生活了20年。
3.in,on,to用在方位名词前的区别三词都可表示两地之间的方位关系。
in表示在某范围之内;to表示在某范围之外;on表示“毗邻”、“接壤”。
如:Shandong province is/lies in the east of China。
(在某范围之内)Shandong is/lies to the southeast of Hebei province。
(在某范围之外)Mongolia is/lies on the north of China。
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介词的用法之方位介词from与out of 的
区别
介词在所有词汇当中算是比较重要的,原因不光包括它本身的重要性,更为重要的是介词不仅可以和动词搭配,和名词搭配,甚至还能和形容词搭配。
所以对于介词的用法,我们一丁点都不能放过。
今天,我们要看的是介词的用法之方位介词from与out of 的区别。
介词的用法之方位介词from与out of :
1、from与out of 均表示来源或出处。
但是from 注重起点,译为“从……”。
例句:The shouting of the soldiers'drilling could be heard from the playground,
人们可以听到从操场上传来的士兵们操练时的喊声。
The train from London arrives here at nine o'clock.
从伦敦开来的列车9点到这里。
2、out of 侧重于从里向外,译为“从……里出来”。
例句:We are moving out of our flat.
我们要搬出我们的这所公寓楼。
She took the passport out of her handbag and showed it to the policeman.
她从手提包里拿出了护照让那名警察看了看。
arise from/out of
result from由…而引起;由…而产生
The trouble arose out of the policy of racial segregation.这场乱子是由种族隔离政策所引起的。
The country's present difficulties arise from the shortage of petroleum.
这个国家当前的困境是由石油短缺而造成的。
We argued her out of acting in haste.我们劝她不要匆忙行事。