不定式做主语

I．不定式做目的状语

不定式属于非谓语动词的一种，它除了不能作谓语外，在句中可以充当其它任何句子成分。不定式作状语时，用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，通常表示目的、结果、原因、程度等。本模块主要学习不定式作目的状语的用法。

1.不定式和不定式短语作目的状语时，主要用来表示某一动作或状态的目的。表示强调意义时，为了使目的意义更加清楚，还可以用短语in order to 或so as to表达，so as to还可以拆开写成so…as to, 但in order to不能拆开。He ran fast so as to catch the first bus. = He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 其否定形式分别为in order not to; so as not to

如：I’ve written it down ________________________________________________(怕忘记). 2. 不定式或不定式短语表示的是主语的目的，因此，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。

判断正误：要正确画出地图，你需要一枝特殊的笔。

1) To draw maps properly, you need a special pen. （）

2) To draw maps properly, a special pen is needed. （）

3.由in order to 引导的目的状语，既可以置于句中，也可以置于句首，而由so as to 引导

目的状语，能置于句中，而不能置于句首。

判断正误：他们出发得很早目的是及时赶到那里。

1) They started early in order to get there in time. （）

2) In order to get there in time, they started early. （）

3) They started early so as to get there in time. （）

4) So as to get there in time, they started early. （）

4. 不定式的复合结构作目的状语

当句子的主语不是不定式或不定式短语的动作的执行者时，要用不定式的复合结构（即在不定式或不定式短语之前加for + 名词或宾格代词）作状语。如：

为了让这些孩子们进来，他打开了门。

He opened the door ________________________________________________________.

5. 不定式作目的状语与目的状语从句的转换

1) 当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同时，可以直接简化为不定式或不定式短语作状语。

我们出发得早一点为了能准时到达那里。

We’ll start early in order that we may arr ive in time.

→We’ll start early ___________________________________________________ in time.

2) 当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语不相同时，可简化成不定式复合结构作状语。

We are now using studying plans so that the students can learn English easily.

→We are now using studying plans __________ the students __________ learn English easily.

II. 结果状语从句

1.结果状语从句通常由so …that或such …that 引导。such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组so是副词, 修饰形容词或副词。该句型有以下几种结构：

①so + 形容词或副词+ that从句②so + many / few + 可数名词复数+ that从句

③so + much / little + 不可数名词+ that从句④so + 形容词+ a +可数名词+ that从句

例如：so beautiful a flower such a beautiful flower

so many/ few workers such intelligent workers

so much/ little water such rapid progress

He is so good a teacher that we respect him. （句型转化）

→_______________________________________________________.

Tom had _______ _______ _______ (如此少的钱)that he had to get a job.

They are _______ _______ _______ (如此有趣的书) that we want to read them.

2．so that 既可以引导结果状语从句也可以引导目的状语从句，（引导目的状语从句，从句中常有情态动词can, could, may, might, should等）

I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.

【当堂达标】

I. 单项选择

1. ____, you need to give all you have and try your best.

A. Being a winner

B. To be a winner

C. Be a winner

D. Having been a winner

2. He gave me the phone number in order ____ contact him when we are in need of help.

A. to

B. of me to

C. for me to

D. that I

3. —Did the book give the information you needed?

—Yes. But ______ it, I had to read the entire book.

A. to find

B. find

C. to finding

D. finding

4. She made a candle ______ us light.

A. give

B. gave

C. to give

D. given

5. Tom kept quiet about the accident ______ lose his job.

A. so not as to

B. so as not to

C. so as to not

D. not so as to

6. They are ______ children that they can’t dress themselves.

A. so little

B. such little

C. so small

D. too small

II. 用so或such填空：

1. He is __________ a careless boy that he often mislays(乱放) his books and pens.

2. This was __________ fine music that it was worth listening to twice.

3. She was __________ careless that she made a lot of mistakes.

4. They are __________ good children that we all love them.

5. He has made ______great progress that all of us want to learn from him.

III. 句型转换，每空一词：

1. He ran very fast so as to catch up with Jack.

①_________ _________ __________ catch up with Jack, he ran very fast.

②He ran fast _________ _________ __________ he could catch up with Jack.

2. She spoke loudly so that her students could hear her clearly.

She spoke loudly __________ her students __________ hear her clearly.

学案三答案

1.in order not to forget it./so as not to forget it.