2020高考英语语法填空高频考点之非谓语动词解析
高考英语语法完全讲解非谓语动词优质PPT课件
NO.3 非谓语动词作表语
①不定式作表语 What I can do is to five you some reasonable advice. ②动名词作表语 His job is teaching. ③分词作表语 The film is interesting.
He had no money and no place to live (in).
NO.2 分词作定语
① 及物动词的分词形式作定语
形式
意义
现在分词 (doing)
被修饰的名词与分词之间构成主动关系
过去分词(done) 被修饰的名词与分词之间构成被动关系且已完成
being+过去分词
被修饰的名词与分词之间构成被动关系且表示正在进 行
NO.2 非谓语动词作宾语
① 大多数动词后接不定式作宾语,常见的有:decide, learn, want, expect, hope, wish, refuse, manage, pretend, offer, promise, choose, agree, plan, afford等。
She pretended not to see me when I passed by.
Encouraged by his parents, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties.(让步) Given five more minutes, I will complete the task.(条件) The kids lay on the grass, staring at the blue sky.(伴随)
高考英语语法填空抢分热点精选精练:非谓语动词(含高考真题)(原卷版)
高考语法填空抢分热点之非谓语动词养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
一、考点精讲非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动词-ing形式(现在分词和动名词)和过去分词,是高考热点。
但学生分不清现在分词和进行时态,过去分词和被动语态,对动词不定式的运用也是模棱两可。
归根结底,学生不会分辨“谓语动词”和“非谓语动词”。
这还要从根上解决,首先要弄清楚句子种类。
句子按结构分,分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
1.简单句。
由一个谓语动词或并列的谓语动词构成的句子是简单句。
也就是说,一个简单句中只能有一个谓语动词或并列的谓语动词(省略句除外)。
谓语动词指的就是动词的时态(一般现在时、一般过去时......)和语态(一般现在时的被动语态、一般过去时的被动语态......)。
例如:(1)He leaves home for school at 6 every morning.(leaves是谓语动词)每天早上他六点钟离开家去上学。
(2)The plane takes off at 11:40 and arrives in Shanghai at 1:30.(takes off和arrives是并列的谓语动词)飞机十一点四十起飞,一点半抵达上海。
(3)The company was set up in 2012.(was set up一般过去时的被动语态,是句子的谓语动词)这家公司是2012年成立的。
2.并列句。
并列句是指由并列连词and、but、or等把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。
即:简单句+并列连词+简单句。
常见的并连连词:and(和)、but(但是)、or(或者;否定句中的“和”;否则)、so(所以)。
高考英语语法考点难点解析:非谓语动词做定语
高考英语语法考点难点解析:非谓语动词做定语非谓语动词做定语直接修饰名词的成分称为定语,一般由形容词或名词担当,也可以分别由不定式、分词或动名词等非谓语动词来担当。
那么如何区别并正确使用非谓语动词呢?NON-FINITES1. 现在分词与过去分词的区别我们知道非谓语动词都源于及物和不及物两种谓语动词,要了解现在分词与过去分词的区别就要从谓语动词的基本属性开始。
1)及物动词(v.t.)及物动词的主语我们称为动作的发出者(sender),宾语称为动作的承受者(receiver)。
例如:The news surprised动词+ing (发出者) 及物动词v.t.the students.动词+ed (承受者)Surprise是及物动词,在使用surprise这个动词的非谓语分词形式时,修饰动作发出者news 用现在分词形式(动词+ing),修饰动作的承受者用过去分词形式(动词+ed)。
●They are talking about the surprising news. (surprising做定语修饰发出者news)The news is surprising. (surprising做表语修饰发出者news)They are talking about the surprised students. (surprised做定语修饰承受者students)The students are surprised. (surprised做表语修饰承受者students)再来看几个例子:●exciting games激烈精彩的比赛, excited spectators激情振奋的观众●disappointing results令人沮丧的结果, disappointed people大失所望的人们●exhausting work令人疲惫不堪的工作, exhausted workers筋疲力尽的工人●moving stories感人肺腑的故事, moved students感激涕零的学生从以上例子可见,现在分词和过去分词都可以用作形容词来修饰名词,修饰动作发出者用现在分词,修饰动作承受者用过去分词。
“三三三”分析法,巧解英语高考语法填空题必考重难点非谓语动词
“三三三”分析法,巧解英语高考语法填空题必考重难点:非谓语动词◆翟向红惠㊀莉(山东省昌邑市第一中学)【摘要】非谓语动词是高中阶段难度较大的语法点之一,高考语法填空题当中非谓语动词的得分率不高。
找到高效的非谓语动词解题思路,是非常有必要的。
提出了解决这一难题的“三三三”分析法,旨在从非谓语动词的“三”种基本形式,非谓语动词所充当的但容易出错的“三”种句子成分和非谓语动词所出现的“三”种句型这三个方面,由简到繁,由表及里地分析语法填空题当中非谓语动词的解题思路。
这一难题的解决将会帮助学生从心理上打消对语法学习的恐惧心理,让学生更好地理解长难句,从而提升英语成绩。
【关键词】非谓语动词语法填空题“三三三”分析法一、出现的问题非谓语动词是学生在高中阶段最难理解、最容易出错也是最重要的语法点之一。
同时,这一语法点也成为众多英语教师在高中语法教学中很难突破的瓶颈。
从近几年的高考题来看,语法填空题当中非谓语动词的考查越来越被重视,难度也越来越大,但得分率却一直不高。
所以找到一条易接受、见效快、化繁为简的非谓语动词解题思路,已是迫在眉睫、势在必行。
二、解决的策略为了攻克这一难题,我们总结了历年来的教学经验,分析了成功的亮点和不足的短板,结合新课标、新高考的要求,根据学生的实际学情,制定出了一套系统合理、实用高效的非谓语动词解题方法,即“三三三”分析法。
所谓的“三三三”,指的是非谓语动词的“三”种基本形式,非谓语动词所充当的但容易出错的“三”种句子成分和非谓语动词所出现的“三”种句型。
下面我们来具体分析解题思路。
第一步:了解非谓语动词的“三”种基本形式。
纵观近几年的高考题,非谓语动词的考查虽然在难度上有所提升,但考查的仍然是非谓语动词的三种一般形式,即d o i n g,d o n e,t od o。
虽然进行式和完成式也偶尔有所涉及,但不是考查的主流,故本文不作赘述。
d o i n g强调主动和正在进行;d o n e强调被动和完成;t od o强调表将来或表目的。
2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析专题22:非谓语动词(五)
2020年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析22 非谓语动词(五)考点八 非谓语动词的时态非谓语动词和动词一样,也有时态和语态的变化,见下表(以do 为例):主动被动一般式to do to be done 进行式to be doing 不定式完成式to have done to have been done 一般式doing being done 动名词现在分词完成式having done having been done过去分词done 1.非谓语动词的时态:非谓语动词的动作与句子谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在其后,非谓语动用一般式;非谓语动词的动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之前,非谓语动词用完成式。
1. Many Chinese brands, __________their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market. (2017江苏)A. having developedB. being developedC. developedD. developing【答案】A【解析】这里是非谓语动词作非限制性定语。
逻辑主语bands 与develop 是主动关系,且非谓语动词的动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之前,故用现在分词的完成式。
2. ______ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. (2015天津)A. To workB. WorkedC. To be workingD. Having worked【答案】D【解析】这里是分词作时间状语,逻辑主语Steve 与work 之间是主动关系,且分词的动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之前,故用现在分词的完成式。
3. ________ the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age. (2014福建)A. SpendingB. SpentC. Having spentD. To spend【答案】C【解析】这里是分词作原因状语,逻辑主语Linda与spend之间是主动关系,且分词的动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之前,故用现在分词的完成式。
2020届高考英语语法专题复习讲义语法专题:非谓语动词教师版(简单)
【非谓语动词】【考纲解读】近几年对于非谓语动词的句法功能考查越来越多,尤其是语篇填空和改错题型考查较多,甚至在完形填空的选项中也多有涉及。
首先需要考生了解非谓语动词的基本形式及其时态和语态的变化形式;其次,需要考生牢固掌握非谓语动词的语法功能和非谓语动词题目的解题思路,并能在具体的语境中正确运用。
【命题趋势】1. 近年来对非谓语动词的考查较多的关注与语境的结合,尽管出发点还是仍是非谓语动词的基本用法,这种考查形式是在理解语境和句意的基础上设置的。
2. 今后非谓语动词的考查依然占有较高的比重,尤其是非谓语动词做定语和状语的用法,同时试题设置将会继续结合语境,难度适中。
3. 高考对该语法现象的渗透日趋明显和突出,所牵扯到的焦点问题主要有:现在分词和过去分词基础知识;现在分词和过去分词句法功能;现在分词和过去分词用法的区别和辨析;现在分词和过去分词的时态和语态及其构成;现在分词和过去分词在上下文中的联系和纽带作用等。
4. 动词不定式的考查主要集中在一些固定搭配、固定句型和在句子中的句法功能;对于动名词主要考查在一些动词后作宾语的用法等。
【名师指导】1.非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。
非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。
对非谓语动词类考题,解题时首先要通过句子结构判断出是否是非谓语动词,找准相关动词的逻辑主语,再通过分析句子成分判断应使用哪种非谓语动词。
例如:作主语、宾语用动名词或动词不定式;作状语常用分词:目的状语常用动词不定式,伴随状语则常用现在分词等。
2.确定为非谓语动词后,再观察非谓语动词与被修饰词之间的主动、被动关系以及动作发生的时间,由此判断出正确的时态、语态形式。
非谓语动词与被修饰词之间是主动关系,常用现在分词、动词不定式或动名词的一般式;是被动关系,则用过去分词、-ing形式或动词不定式的被动式;如果非谓语的动作比谓语先(或先很久)发生,那么非谓语动词要用完成式(to have done/to have be en done/ having done/ Having been done),否则我们要用非谓语的一般式(to do / to be done / doing / being done / done)。
高考英语二轮复习语法填空之非谓语动词题讲义
如何解决非谓语动词?非谓语动词是高中英语语法中的重要部分,也是语法填空的必考点。
非谓语动词包括不定式、过去分词、动词-ing形式(包括现在分词、动名词)。
主要考查考生在具体语言环境中理解句子结构、分析句子成分的能力。
近年来高考越来越倾向于通过增加试题难度来考查考生对非谓语动词的掌握情况,难度有所上升。
做题的时候,如果看到括号里给的是动词,请先仔细阅读句子,观察结构,判断使用什么形式。
若划线处应填非谓语动词(即句中已有谓语动词,也不是作并列谓语动词或从句谓语动词),先判断所作成分,之后再考虑运用何种形式。
非谓语动词的形式及句法功能I作状语非谓语作状语时,其逻辑主语是句子的主语。
1.现在分词作状语现在分词作状语,与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系(主动)。
His parents died, leaving him an orphan. 他的父母去世了,他成了孤儿。
2.过去分词作状语过去分词作状语,与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系(被动)。
Seriously injured, she has to be sent to hospital at once.她受了重伤,必须马上送往医院。
[注意] 主动、被动最好不要通过汉语意思来理解,判断时考虑动词及物不及物。
部分过去分词作状语时不表示被动,而表示一种状态。
需要作为词组特别记忆。
常见的词和短语有:located, seated, hidden, lost/absorbed/buried in, dressed in, tired of, faced with。
3.不定式作状语(1)作目的状语,意为“为了;以便”。
To enjoy the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.为了享受数字支付的便利,许多老年人开始使用智能。
(2)用于only to do结构中,作结果状语。
2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析专题19:非谓语动词(二)
2020年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析19 非谓语动词(二)考点二非谓语动词作宾语5. 用动名词的一些结构(这些结构中动名词一般作宾语)只能用动名词的结构有:be busy/through/worth, be used/accustomed to (习惯于…), look forward to, get down to, turn to, feel like, give up, can’t help, what/how about, devote…to, prefer…to…, havedi fficulty/trouble/problem/fun/a good/hard time, There is no use/need/good, It’s no use, when it comes to等。
1.I didn't mean _________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it. (2018天津)A.to eat;to tryB. eating;tryingC. eating;to tryD. to eat;trying【答案】D【解析】mean后接动名词表示“意味着”,后接不定式表示“意图,打算”;can’t help doing表示“情不自禁想做”,由句意“我本没打算吃东西,但冰激凌看上去这么诱人,我就情不自禁地想尝一尝。
” 可知选D。
2. When it comes to ________ in public, no one can match him. (2014江西)A. speakB. speakingC. being spokenD. be spoken【答案】B【解析】when it comes to doing表示“说到做……”;speak表示“说”时是不及物动词,故用主动式。
2020年高考英语十年真题精解(全国Ⅰ卷)专题02 非谓语动词(解析版)
三观一统十年高考真题精解02 非谓语动词十年树木,百年树人,十年磨一剑。
本专辑按照最新2020年考纲,对近十年高考真题精挑细选,去伪存真,挑选符合最新考纲要求的真题,按照考点/考向同类归纳,难度分层精析,对全国卷Ⅰ具有重要的应试性和导向性。
三观指的观三题(观母题、观平行题、观扇形题),一统指的是统一考点/考向,并对十年真题进行标灰(调整不考或低频考点标灰色)。
(一)2020考纲(二)本节考向题型研究汇总考向题型研究一:语法填空(考点1-非谓语动词作状语)1.(2019全国I卷)Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ______ (perform) consistently over a large area.【答案】to perform【解析】考查非谓语动词。
主系表结构之后,常用不定式作原因或目的状语,句意:跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用,并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的,故此处用to perform。
2. (2019·北京卷)Nervously _____ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.【答案】facing【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意:紧张地面对挑战,我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。
分析句式可知,此处是做句子的状语,要用非谓语动词,其逻辑主语是I,与逻辑主语之间是主动关系,用现在分词作状语。
故填facing。
1. 【2018·全国II】Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ______ (improve) water quality.【答案】考查非谓语动词。
高考英语语法 非谓语动词解析
高考英语语法非谓语动词解析一. 非谓语动词的含义非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式,其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语,综合这两点,我们将其叫做非谓语动词。
二. 非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词包含四种形式,即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。
其中,每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。
具体如下:1. 不定式①基本形式:to do(表示主动,并且一般表示将来)②被动式:to be done(表示被动,并且一般表示将来)③进行式:to be doing (表示主动和进行)④完成时:to have done(表示主动和完成)⑤完成被动式:to have been done(表示被动和完成)⑥完成进行式:to have been doing (表示主动和完成进行)例如:The teacher told us to do morning exercises .老师让我们做早操。
The car to be bought is for his sister.要买的这辆车是给他的姐姐的。
She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom.老师进来时,她假装正在读书。
The thief is said to have escaped.据说小偷已经逃跑了。
The thief is said to have been arrested.据说小偷已经被抓住了。
She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years.据说在过去的20年里,她一直在这家工厂工作。
2. 动名词①基本形式:doing (表示主动)②被动式:being done(表示被动)③完成式:having done(表示主动和完成)④完成被动式:having been done(表示被动和完成)例如:Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.在未来,普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。
高中英语高频语法之非谓语动词与语法填空(思维导图+练习含答案)
高频语法之非谓语动词与语法填空(解析版)一、非谓语动词1. 思维导图1.(2021.6新高考1卷语法填空)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole【答案】aching【解析】考查非谓语动词。
分析句子结构可知,因为名词legs与动词ache为主动关系,所以此处应该填现在分词作定语修饰legs。
故填aching。
2.(2021.6全国甲卷语法填空)It is possible 3 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.【答案】to walk【解析】考查非谓语动词。
本句是典型的It is adj. + to do的形式,故填to walk 。
3.(2021.6全国甲卷语法填空)After 4 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!【答案】spending【解析】考查非谓语动词。
After 介词后加doing形式,故填spending。
4.(2021.6全国乙卷语法填空)【答案】visiting【解析】考查非谓语动词。
分析题目,句子中已经有一个谓语动词,判断空格处填非谓语动词。
空处作介词of的宾语,所以应使用动名词作介词宾语。
句意:最小化参观一个地方的影响。
故填visiting。
5.(2021.6全国乙卷语法填空)Activitithere range from whale watching to hiking (远足)and accommodations【答案】to have【解析】考查非谓语动词。
英语高考中非谓语动词考点解析
英语高考中非谓语动词考点解析非谓语动词历来是高考考查的重点,对于非谓语动词,我们在平时的教学过程中要重点掌握的是什么呢?经过对近年高考试题的分析,我总结了以下一些主要的方面:一、非谓语动词的概念非谓语形式有三种:1. 动词不定式:to do表示目的和将来2. 动词的ing形式:doing表示主动和进行3. 动词的ed 形式:done表示被动和完成二、非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to do to have done to be doing被动to be done to have been doneing 形式主动doing having done被动being done having been doneed 形式被动done三、非谓语动词的做题步骤1. 判定是否用非谓语形式。
方法:看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了。
2. 找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法:非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3. 判断主被动关系。
方法:非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4. 判断时间关系。
方法:分析句子,看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
之前常用done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing。
四、非谓语动词的考点解析总体来看,高考英语对非谓语动词的考查主要集中在六个方面。
考点一非谓语动词作宾语补足语能作宾语补足语的非谓语动词有现在分词、过去分词和不定式。
常接带to不定式作宾补的动词(词组)有want,warn,wait for,ask,tell,cause,call on,help,get,like,order,beg,allow,long for, forbid,force,advise,know,encourage,teach,invite,permit,persuade等。
常接无to不定式、现在分词和过去分词作宾补的动词(词组)有:watch,observe,see,look,at,make,let,have,hear,listen to, notice,feel,discover。
2020年高考英语词汇语法专题17:非谓语动词易错点解题方法(含答案解析)
专题17 非谓语动词易错点解题方法非谓语动词:顾名思义,非谓语动词就是在英语中不能独立作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。
近年来高考命题常常通过改变熟悉的句型结构或利用一些“ 貌合神离” 的手段,加大考生辨别非谓语动词的难度。
一句话通常不能有两个或两个以上的谓语动词,除非动词是并列谓语或者分别出现在主从复合或并列句中;一句话也不可能无谓语动词(谓语省略的情况除外)。
这种题,只要辨清谓语和非谓语,答案自然明确。
1. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _____down to eat our picnic lunch. (2005上海)A. sittingB. having satC. to sitD. sat【答案】D.【解析】此题大家易受习惯心理影响选择分词,即A或B项,而and实际上作为并列连词并列的是found及sat两个动作,而非并列providing与sitting. 答案:D.这是谓语动词。
2. Prices of daily goods _____ through a computer can be lower than store prices.A. are boughtB. boughtC. have been boughtD. buying【答案】B.【解析】此题学生最易错选的答案为A或C。
依据上面陈述,填入A或C句子都有两个谓语动词,而此处两个动词并非并列谓语,也不是分别出现在主从句中,故答案有误。
该题正确答案为B,bought through a computer为一过去分词短语作后置定语,句中只有一个谓语can be lower than。
当然此题如改为Prices of daily goods which have been bought through…也是正确的,因为这一动作出现在从句中。
高考英语语法——非谓语动词
高考英语语法之非谓语动词我是万能的木子,一个有腔调的英语老师,所带学生高考成绩基本都在140左右,也有个别成绩一般的在120左右,希望通过自己的微薄之力,帮助在英语学习中遇到困惑的你们。
一. 基础知识1.定义非谓语动词就是在句子中不能单独作谓语(即做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,补语)的动词,这样的动词没有人称和数的变化。
2.性质1)它可以有自己的宾语和状语。
He found it difficult to learn maths.I remembered being taken to New York when I was young.2)非谓语动词有时态和语态的变化。
Having suffered such heavy pollutionalready, it may now be too late to clean up the river.Being painted now, the house can’t be livedin.3.形式1)基本形式2)其他形式Doing有一般式和完成式;一般式的主动语态为doing,被动语态为being done,完成式的主动语态为havingdone,被动语态为having been doneTo do 有一般式,进行式和完成式;一般式的主动语态为to do,被动语态为to bedone,进行式只有主动语态,为to be doing,完成式的主动语态为tohave done,被动语态为to have been doneDone只有一般式的主动语态,为done4.句法功能Doing:主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,补语To do:主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,补语Done:表语,定语,状语,补语二。
非谓语动词的两种基本解题方法1)固定搭配优先原则若某一个词的固定用法限制了该非谓语动词的形式,则按固定用法解题Eg:I want (buy)a book.分析:因为该句没有关键词,所以为简单句,只有一个谓语动词,此处已有want,故buy应为非谓语,而此处有句型want to do sth,所以应填to buy。
2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析专题20:非谓语动词(三)
A. To absorb
B. To be absorbed
C. Absorbed
D. Absorbing
【答案】C
【解析】句意:由于专心画画,约翰没有注意到天色已晚。作原因状语,应用分词;John 与 absorb 之间是被动
关系,故用过去分词。
6. When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, ______ me stories till I till asleep, (2013 重庆)
A. To work
B. Worked C. To be working
D. Having worked
【答案】D
【解析】这里作时间状语,应用分词;work 是不及物动词,故用现在分词,分词动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之
前,应用完成式。
5. __________ in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. (2015 天津)
2. There are some health problems that, when ______ in time, can become bigger ones later on. (2013 浙江)
A. not treated B. not being treated
C. not to be treated D. not have been treated
A. surprising B. was surprised C. surprised D. being surprised
【答案】C
【解析】句意:虽然教授看见我们有些吃惊,但他还是热情地欢迎我们。分词作让步状语。分词与逻辑主语 the
高考英语专项之非谓语动词
高考英语专项之非谓语动词课程目标:非谓语动词是高考中专门重要的语法知识,是高考的重点和难点,不管在单选、完形填空依旧书面表达中,所占分值均专门大,学习时要足够重视,把它与谓语动词区分开,把握其不同形式的用法和区别。
一、学习目标1. 非谓语动词不同形式的差不多用法。
2. 非谓语动词不同形式的区别,及其和某些从句的转化。
二、重点、难点1. 动词不定式和动名词作主语和宾语的区别。
2. 动词不定式和现在分词作定语、状语的区别。
3. 非谓语动词不同形式的区别和用法。
三、考情分析非谓语动词在高考中所占分值专门大,学生把握起来有难度,因此必须重视该语法的学习,重视其差不多用法,并研究历年来关于该语法的高考题。
知识梳理:非谓语动词【差不多用法1】1. 非谓语动词指在句子中不是谓语的动词,要紧包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词),即动词的非谓语形式。
非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外,能够承担句中的其他成分。
2. 非谓语动词也是动词的一种,它们有着动词的其他特点,能够充当主语、宾语、状语等。
非谓语动词与谓语动词是相对的概念。
【差不多用法2】非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有:1. 非谓语动词能够有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词),在句中作主语、宾语、表语。
2. 非谓语动词能够有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中作定语、表语或宾语补足语。
3. 非谓语动词能够有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中作状语。
【例句】Wonderful! In fact, it was much more exciting than expected.好极了!事实上,它比期望的更刺激。
As soon as the fans saw their football stars, they felt like hugging t hem.粉丝一看到他们的足球明星,就想拥抱他们。
一、动词不定式考点一动词不定式的不同形式【用法】1. 一样式:不定式的一样式所表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词的动作之后。
2020届高考英语小题狂练2:非谓语动词单句填空+语法填空
2020届高考英语小题狂练2:非谓语动词单句填空+语法填空技巧点拨当句中已有谓语动词又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列,该动词就是非谓语动词。
此时,就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式。
如作主语或宾语,就用动名词 (表一般意义)或不定式形式(表具体意义);作目的状语或在形容词后作状语,用不定式;作伴随状语或作定语,要根据与逻辑主语的关系,用现在分词或过去分词;有时也要根据句式搭配来确定,如see/hear/ noticesb.do/doing sth., spend doing sth.等。
具体解题技巧如下:第一步:若句中已有谓语,也不是作并列谓语时,应为非谓语动词。
第二步:根据非谓语动词在句中所作句子成分、句式的特殊要求,或某些词语的特殊要求,确定用哪种非谓语动词形式。
如作目的状语一般用不定式形式,作主语或宾语用ing形式或不定式,在enjoy, finish等动词后作宾语用ing形式,在decide, refuse等动词后作宾语要用不定式形式等等。
第三步:确定非谓语动词与其逻辑主语是主动还是被动关系。
第四步:根据非谓语动词的动作与谓语动词的动作发生的先后关系确定用一般式还是用完成式。
常考考点小题狂练1.【2019·全国 II卷】A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for ______ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week.2.【2019·全国 II卷】When we got a call ______ (say)she was short-listed,we thought it was a joke.3.【2019·全国 I卷】Scientists have responded by ______ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements.4.【2019·全国 I卷改编】Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations are expensive______ (perform) consistently over a large area.5. 【2019·浙江卷】When the children are walking or ______ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them.6. 【2019·浙江卷】But some students didn't want ______ (wear) the uniform.7. 【2018·全国I I卷】The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ______ (improve) water quality.8.【2018·全国III卷】Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _______ (stay) and watch.9. 【2018·全国I卷】You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of (die) early by running.10. 【2018·全国I卷】You don’t have to run fast or for long (see) the benefit.11. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term (rest).12. Fast food is full of fat and salt; by (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.13. He went to the cinema, leaving me _________(do) all the rest of the work.14. The old museum needs ____________ (repair) badly, and it is dangerous to visit it at present.15. _________ (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.16. Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially _________(design) to help them succeed academically and personally.17. The little boy stared at the strange man questioningly, not ________ (know) whether to believe what he had said.18. Failing (turn) in your homework on time will directly affect your grade for a certain course.19. It tells a (touch) story that highlights Chinese families.20. Shoppers at the Costcutter store at Brunel University in London can pay for items (use) the special vein(静脉) pattern in their fingertips直击考题passage1thousand years to the use of animal bones and shells on which symbols 1 (carve) by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today’s hanzi.By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols 2 (become) a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms,as it was a time when people were divided geographically, 3 (lead) to many varieties of dialects characters. This,4 ,changed under the rule of Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty.Emperor Qinshihuang made the seven major states into one 5 (unite) country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. That writing system was 6 great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or 7 dialect they speak, they can all still communicate 8 (easy) in writing.Written Chinese has also become an important means by 9 China’s present is connected with its past. People in modem times can read the classic 10 (work) which were written by Chinese in ancient times. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture.passage2China has once again proved its ___1___ (able) to change the world with the “new four great inventions”: high-speed railways, electronic payments, shared bicycles and online shopping. They’re related to China’s high-tech innovation (创新), ___2___ has improved the quality of people’s lives, accor ding to a survey___3___ (make) by the Belt and Road Research Institute of Beijing Foreign Studies University.“My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat whatever I want simply with a fingertipon my phone,” said ___4___university student, adding tha t “even pancake sellers are using mobile payment”.The bikes___5___ (them) are not new, but the operating model of bike-sharing___6___ (base) on satellite navigation system, mobile payment, big data and other high technologies.China has entered a new innovative era, thanks to the large amounts of capital China has invested in___7___ (encourage) innovation, said Bernhard Schwartlander, WHO Representative in China.It is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas. This is especially true in mobile, where China is leading ___8___many ways such as…social messaging app WeChat, she said. This is partly ___9___China skipped over the PC era and went directly to mobile. China has a ___10__ (large) mobile use than any other country in the world.passage3Chinese might be heard when you take a ride on the street. ___1___ (turn) to the right, you see a Sichuan-style restaurant. After walking into a store, you see that Huawei smartphones are on sale. But you're not in China — you're in Manchester in Britain. In fact, you might see similar things in many other cities. Chinese products have been going global.In the past, most Western people thought Chinese products were cheap but not reliable. Things ___2___ (change) greatly, though. For example, Huawei, ___3___is one of China's major smartphone ___4___ (make), overtook Apple in worldwide smartphone sales for the first time in the third quarter of 2018, only behind Samsung.Some Chinese brands are also becoming more popular. In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers. They're not___5___ (simple) made in China, ___6___designed in the country.Western countries have been enjoying Chinese food for a long time. Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes___7___ (meet) local people's tastes.With its rapid___8___ (grow), China has been displaying 9 increasingly great influence when fitting in___10___the world.答案1.【答案】being【解析】考查非谓语动词。
2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析专题21:非谓语动词(四)
2020年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析21 非谓语动词(四)考点六非谓语动词作补语不定式和分词都能作补语,首先要判断用不定式还是分词,然后再确定不定式或分词的形式。
1.感觉动词(主要有see, hear, notice, feel, watch, observe等)和使役动词(主要有make, let, have等)跟不定式作宾补语时,不定式不能带to,但用于被动语态时(let, have不能用于被动语态)时,不定式要带to。
1. Let those in need that we will go all out to help them. (2013陕西)A. to understandB. understandC. understandingD. understood【答案】B【解析】let后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,意为“让某人做某事”。
句意:让那些需要帮助的人们明白,我们会竭尽全力帮助他们的。
2. The director had her assistant __________ some hot dogs for the meeting. (2008全国)A. picked upB. picks upC. pick upD. picking up【答案】C【解析】have在此是使役动词,后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,意为“让某人做某事”。
2.动词advise, allow, ask, beg, believe, consider, declare, discover, drive, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, imagine, intend, invite, judge, know, order, permit, persuade, prove, require, suppose, teach, tell, think, want, warn, wish, understand等接动名词作宾语,跟带to的不定式作补语,要注意判断是作宾语还是作补语;help后跟不定式作宾补时,可带to也可不带。
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高考英语语法填空高频考点之非谓语动词非谓语动词一直以来都是高考英语语法填空题的必考点。
现将非谓语动词这个考点以单句形式呈现,以便于同学们进行专项练习。
1.(encourage) by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. 答案:Encouraged非谓语-被动wind farms 风电场2. (approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.答案:Approaching非谓语-主动,伴随3. He had a wonderful childhood, (travel) with his mother to all corners of the world.答案:Traveling/Travelling非谓语-主动,伴随4. (look) at my classmates’ faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.答案:Looking非谓语-主动,伴随5. The lady walked around the shops, (keep) an eye out for bargains.答案:keeping非谓语-主动,伴随6.I have a lot of readings (complete) before the end of this term.答案:to complete非谓语-目的7. It rained heavily in the south,(cause) serious flooding in several provinces.答案:causing非谓语-主动,伴随8. A great number of students (question) said they were forced to practise the piano.答案:questioned非谓语-被动9. Mrs.White showed her students some old maps (borrow) from the library.答案:borrowed 非谓语-被动10. With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank(buy) presents for my dad.答案:to buy 非谓语-目的11. (see) from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.答案:Seen非谓语-被动12. With the government’s aid, those(affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. 答案:affected非谓语-被动13. (complete) the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.答案:to complete 非谓语-目的14. The news shocked the public, (lead) to great concern about students’ safety at school.答案:l eading 非谓语-主动,伴随15. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, ( send) supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake.答案:sending 非谓语-主动,伴随16. (bite) twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. 答案:Bitten非谓语-被动17. (remind) not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. 答案:Reminded非谓语-被动18. (give) the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow the international stars. 答案:G iven非谓语-被动19. The children all turned (look) at the famous actress as she entered the classroom.答案:to look 非谓语-目的20. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, (kill) all four people on board. 答案:kill ing 非谓语-主动,伴随21.Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, (compare) with his old one.答案:compared非谓语-被动22. — Did the book give the information you needed?— Yes. But (find) it,I had to read the entire book. 答案:to find 非谓语-目的23. (throw) their hats into the air,the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. 答案:Throw ing 非谓语-主动,伴随24. We finished the run in less than half the time (allow).答案:allowed非谓语-被动25. The trees (blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road.答案:blown非谓语-被动26. (complete) the project as planned,we’ll have to work two more hours a day.答案:To complete 非谓语-目的27.I’m tired out.I stayed up the whole night, (study) for my midterm math exam.答案:study ing 非谓语-主动,伴随28. (raise) people’s living standards, the central government will take more measures in the coming years. 答案:To raise非谓语-目的29. He told me to start early, (remind) me that the roads would be crowded.答案:remind ing 非谓语-主动,伴随30. (import) from other countries, sand painting is now being recognized in China for its uniqueness and creativity. 答案:Imported非谓语-被动31.(live) in the country, we had few social activities.答案:Liv ing 非谓语-主动,伴随32. She seems to prefer (watch) American TV Shows to talking to me.答案:watch ing 非谓语-动名词-主动33.(control) her emotion, she buried her face in her hands.答案:To control非谓语-目的34. The reporter apologized for any misunderstandings (cause) by his article on that film star. 答案:caused非谓语-被动35. (lower) the housing price, several measures have been adopted in the last two years. 答案:To lover非谓语-目的36. Programmes, (design) to bring the old and the young together, are growing in popularity all over the world.答案:designed非谓语-被动37. (gain) valuable experience, he asked to be sent to remote areas.答案:To gain非谓语-目的38. The seats (reserve) for children and seniors are right at the front of the buses. 答案:reserved非谓语-被动39.Many things such as going abroad and owning a car, (consider) impossible in the past, are now very common.答案:considered非谓语-被动40. After a long absence, I went back to college, (hope) to pick up where I’d left off.答案:hop ing 非谓语-主动,伴随41. Was it (hold) the international conference that made the city the focus of this area? 答案:hold ing 非谓语-主动,主语,强调句型It is/was....... that.....42. I’m sorry I was late. (make) up for it, let me treat you to a meal.答案:To make非谓语-目的43. (save) power, turn off the hot water after you are done showering.答案:To save非谓语-目的44. A person, when (challenge), can often do what is normally beyond his ability. 答案:challenged非谓语-被动45. (offer) a better position at IBM, he became more and more confident of his ability.答案:Offered非谓语-被动46. Today, people are paying more and more attention to their health, (make) books on keeping healthy extremely hot.答案:mak ing 非谓语-主动,伴随47. More than a quarter of the energy (use) in the United States goes to moving people and goods from one place to another.答案:used非谓语-被动48. The reporter apologized for any misunderstandings (cause) by his article on that film star. 答案:caused非谓语-被动49. Some seemingly harmless blogs might become harmful when (read) on the Internet by millions of people. 答案:read非谓语-被动(不规则动词)50. Not (impress) with the quality of your goods, I will certainly not advise others to buy them.答案:impressed非谓语-被动参考答案1. Encouraged2. Approaching3.Traveling/Travelling4. Looking5. keeping6. to complete7. causing8. questioned9. borrowed10. to buy 11. Seen 12. affected 13. To complete 14. leading 15. sending16. Bitten 17. Reminded 18. Given 19. to look 20. killing 21. compared22. to find 23. Throwing 24. allowed 25. blown26. To complete27. studying 28. To raise 29. reminding 30. Imported 31. Living 32. watching 33. To control 34. caused 35. To lower 36. designed 37. To gain 38. reserved 39. considered 40. hoping 41. holding 42. To make 43. To save 44. challenged 45. Offered 46. making 47. used 48. caused 49. read 50. impressed。