物流与供应链-第11章-练习题(含答案版)

物流与供应链管理_合肥工业大学2中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年

物流与供应链管理_合肥工业大学2中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年1.物流系统化的目的是（）。

答案:实现整体成本最小2.制定供应链综合计划时将产能作为杠杆的策略是（）。

答案:追逐策略3.7-11便利店选择客户密度高的城市开店，且门店密集分布，适合采用的配送方案为（）。

答案:采用送奶线路的自营运输队4.跟沃尔玛相比，7-11的供应链战略需要提高（）。

答案:供应链的响应性水平5.根据供应商矩阵，企业采购管理的瓶颈是（）。

答案:低价值高风险产品6.下列哪项不是采购过程中的风险（）。

答案:产品质量无法保证7.京东等电商企业近几年向线下市场进军，并采用了线上线下一盘货策略管理库存，该策略是利用（）原理降低安全库存。

答案:信息集中化8.苏宁采用在线渠道和线下门店一体化策略，那么，苏宁应将滞销品放在（）销售。

答案:线上渠道9.对于像笔记本电脑、手机等高价值、高需求的产品来说，应该（）。

答案:分散周转库存，集中安全库存10.对于一个生产技术富有灵活性的芯片制造商来说，在供应链网络设计上应（）。

答案:布局少数高产能的设施，以利用生产技术的规模经济性11.供应链的总成本包括（）。

答案:库存持有成本原材料成本劳动力成本缺货成本12.物流运营模式包括（）。

答案:众包物流第四方物流自营物流云物流13.经典EOQ模型主要权衡的成本是（）。

答案:库存成本固定订货成本14.零售商存货加自营交付比制造商存货加加直送网络（）。

答案:响应速度快产品多样性水平低15.战略匹配所面临的的挑战包括（）。

答案:环境和可持续发展全球化与不断增加的不确定性增加的产品种类与缩短的产品生命周期供应链所有权的分散16.衡量物流服务水平的两个主要指标是（）。

答案:订单满足率订单响应速度17.库存在企业生产经营中具有重要作用，包括（）。

答案:应对需求的不确定性增强生产计划的柔性缩短订货提前期产生规模经济效益18.选择响应型或低成本供应源的影响因素主要有（）。

管理学习题与答案——第11章企业资源计划

第十一章企业资源计划?一、教学要点1、开环物料需求计划的基本任务和内容。

2、闭环物料需求计划的基本内容。

3、制造资源计划的基本内容。

4、企业资源计划的概念及其管理思想。

5、开环物料需求计划、闭环物料需求计划、制造资源计划、企业资源计划之间的关系。

6、企业资源计划与供应链管理的关系。

7、企业资源计划的构成要素。

8、企业资源计划的实施过程。

9、业务流程再造的概念及其七项原则。

10、业务流程再造的过程。

11、业务流程再造与企业资源计划的关系。

12、关键名词：开环物料需求计划(MRP)、闭环物料计划(MRP)、制造资源计划(MRPⅡ)、企业资源计划(ERP)、供应链、业务流程再造?二、习题(一)填充题1、企业资源计划是在20世纪40－60年代的_________和1980年代的_________基础上发展起来的。

2、MRP的基本内容是编制零件的_________和_________。

3、主要生产计划和生产计划大纲的依据是_________，因此向前又可以扩展到销售管理业务。

4、1980年代MRPⅡ主要面向企业内部资源全面计划管理的思想逐步发展为90年代_________的管理思想，在MRPⅡ的基础上发展出ERP系统。

5、从开环MRP经过闭环MRP直到MRPⅡ，其发展基本上是沿着两个方面延伸，其一是_________；其二是_________。

6、ERP系统将_________和_________集成到了整个供应链上。

7、供应链管理的基本思想是：_________。

8、ERP的核心管理思想就是_________。

9、流程再造是指对企业的观有流程进行_________，然后重新构建新的流程的过程。

10、_________的思想，即企业把客户、销售代理商、供应商、协作单位纳入生产体系，同他们建立起利益共享的合作伙伴关系，进而组成一个企业的供应链。

11、一般的ERP软件的财务管理模块分为_________与_________两大块。

物流与供应链管理考试题简答及答案

物流与供应链管理考试题简答及答案物流1.物流与供应链管理的联系和区别？答：物流与供应链管理具有紧密的联系，两者的运作理念是一致的，而且供应链管理离不开物流管理。

物流系统是企业运行的重要组成部分，也是供应链管理理论、技术方法的主要应用领域。

供应链管理理论、技术方法的发展为改善物流管理和物流系统运行奠定了良好的理论基础。

区别主要表现在：（1）供应链管理强调的是“三流合一”，而物流仅为其中的一个环节；（2）供应链管理的范畴比物流更广。

（3）供应链管理是基于战略伙伴关系的企模型，而物流管理是基于物流企业的合作关系。

（4）供应链管理与物流管理的目标不一致。

2.物流设施选址的原则？答：（1）适应性原则。

区域性物流设施的选址必须与国家以及地区的经济发展方针、政策相适应，与我国物流资源分布和需求分布相适应，与国民经济和社会发展相适应。

（2）协调性原则。

物流设施选址应将国家的物流网络作为一个大系统来考虑，使物流设施与设备在地域分布、物流作业生产力、技术水平等方面相互协调。

（3）经济性原则。

在物流设施的发展过程中，有关选址的费用，主要包括建设费用及物流费用两部分。

物流设施的选址不同，其未来的物流费用是不同的，选址时应以总费用最低作为物流设施选址的标准。

（4）战略性原则。

物流设施的选址，应具有战略眼光。

一是要考虑全局观，二是要考虑长远性。

局部要服从全局，当前利益要服从长远利益，既要考虑当前的实际需要，又要考虑日后发展的可能。

3.企业物流网络规划的考虑因素？答：通常来说，企业物流网络规划涉及许多方面的内容，企业必须考虑多种因素的作用包括：（1）战略因素。

企业战略对企业物流网络规划具有指导作用。

在不同的战略指向下，会有不同的物流网络规划结果。

（2）竞争对手因素。

企业在规划物流网络时必须考虑到竞争对手的战略、规模和设施布局。

（3）客户因素。

客户对物流设施的服务质量、服务价格、服务半径、响应速度等方面的需求直接影响了企业物流网络布局规划。

物流与供应链管理习题

简答题1 供应链---是围绕企业，通过对信息流、物流、资金流旳控制，从采购原材料开始，制成中间产品以及最终产品，最终由销售网络把产品运送到消费者手中，将供应商、制造商、分销商、零售商、直到最终顾客连成一种整体旳功能网链构造模式。

1b 供应链旳特性1.复杂性。

由于供应链节点企业构成旳跨度(层次)不一样，供应链往往由多种、多类型、多地区企业构成，因此供应链构造模式比一般单个企业旳构造模式更为复杂。

2.动态性。

供应链管理因企业战略和适应市场需求变化旳需要，其中旳节点企业需要动态地更新，这就使得供应链具有明显旳动态性。

3.交叉性。

节点企业可以是这个供应链旳组员，同步又是另一种供应链旳组员，众多旳供应链形成交叉构造，增长了协调管理旳难度2 横向一体化：运用企业外部资源迅速响应市场需求，本企业只抓最关键旳东西：产品方向和市场。

至于生产，只抓关键零部件旳制造。

3 供应链合作伙伴关系答：一般是指在供应链内部两个或以上独立旳组员之间形成旳一种协调关系，以保证明现某个特定旳目旳或效益，也就是供应商-制造商关系，或者称为卖主/供应商-买主关系。

4 物流管理与供应链管理旳关系1）.物流管理是指通过物流管理组织对整个物流活动进行计划、组织、指挥、监督、控制、调整工作旳总和。

物流管理是对物流旳计划——实行——评价反复进行旳。

供应链管理旳概念为：“运用计算机网络技术全面规划供应链中旳商流、物流、信息流、资金流等，并进行计划、组织、协调与控制”。

供应链管理旳重要领域有：供应，生产计划，物流，需求，战略性供应商和顾客合作伙伴关系管理，供应链产品需求预测和计划，供应链旳设计，企业内部之间物料供应与需求管理，基于供应链管理旳产品设计与制造管理、生产集成化计划、跟踪和控制，基于供应链旳顾客服务和物流管理，企业间资金流管理，基于Internet ／Intranet旳供应链交互信息管理等。

]2）.两者之间有区别也有联络。

从管理对象上观测，物流管理旳对象是物流活动和与物流活动直接有关旳其他活动。

物流与供应链管理第十一章-逆向物流

3．企业物流管理改造功能
在逆向物流活动中，企业物流活动的流程管理可能产生很大的影响，通常主要涉及以下几个方面：原材料管理、产品营销管理、回收物品配送管理、物流信息管理。
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First Policy
二、逆向物流系统设计的原则
1.“预防为主、防治结合”原则
逆向物流实施过程中的基本原则是“预防为主，防治结合”，也就是“事前防范重于事后处理”
11.1
逆向物流的内涵和构成
11.2 逆向物流的分类和特点
11.3 逆向物流系统的功能与设计原则
11.4
逆向物流系统的业务流程分析
First Policy
11.1 逆向物流的内涵和构成
1.逆向物流的内涵 2.逆向物流的构成
First Policy
一、逆向物流的内涵逆向物流的内涵
《中华人民共和国国家标准物流术语对逆向物流下的定义如下：逆向物流也称反向物流(Reverse Logistics)，是指物品从供应链下游向上游的运动所引发的物流活动。
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First Policy
1.逆向物流系统的功能 2.逆向物流系统设计的原则
11.3 逆向物流系统的功能与设计原则
First Policy
一、逆向物流系统的功能
1．信息功能
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图11-2 回收信道的功能逆向物流系统的信道功能包括收集功能、分拣功能、运输功能、拆卸功能、修复(再加工/再生)功能。
产品再循环：主要指可直接用于其他企业加工的原材料，例如，废钢、废铁可直接作为炼钢厂的原材料直接使用。
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First Policy
一、逆向物流的业务流程
产品再分配：把可再使用和再处理过的产品投放到市场中，并运输到使用者手中，该过程包括：储存、销售和运输。

供应链管理第三版Unit11习题与答案(可编辑修改word版)

Chapter 11Managing Uncertainty in the Supply Chain: Safety InventoryTrue/False1. Safety inventory is inventory carried for the purpose of satisfying demand thatexceeds the amount forecasted for a given period.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate2. Safety inventory is carried because demand forecasts are accurate and aproduct shortage may result if the forecast demand exceeds the actual demand.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate3. Raising the level of safety inventory increases product availability and thus themargin captured from customer purchases.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate4. Raising the level of safety inventory increases inventory holding c osts.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy5. Carrying excessive inventory can help counter demand volatility when newproducts come on the market.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate6. The appropriate level of safety inventory is determined by the uncertainty of bothdemand and supply and the desired level of cycle inventory.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate7. As the uncertainty of supply or demand grows, the required level of safetyinventories increases.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate8. As the desired level of product availability increases, the required level of s afetyinventory decreases.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy9. Lead time is the gap between when an order is placed and when it is r eceived.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy10. The coefficient of variation measures the size of the relative certainty of cycleinventory.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy11. Product availability reflects a firm’s ability to fill a customer order out of availableinventory.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate12. Order fill rate is the fraction of product demand that is satisfied from product ininventory.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate13. Product fill rate is the fraction of product demand that is satisfied from product ininventory.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate14. The distinction between product fill rate and order fill rate is significant in a singleproduct situation.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard15. Tracking order fill rates is important when customers place a high value on theentire order being filled simultaneously.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy16. With continuous review, inventory is continuously tracked and an order for a lotsize Q is placed at regular intervals of time.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard17. With periodic review, inventory status is checked at regular intervals and an orderis placed to raise the inventory level to a specified threshold.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Hard18. The expected shortage per replenishment cycle (ESC) is the average units ofdemand that are satisfied from inventory in stock per replenishment cycle.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard19. A shortage occurs in a replenishment cycle only if the demand during the leadtime exceeds the ROP.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate20. The fill rate increases and the cycle service level decreases as the safetyinventory is increased.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate21. For the same safety inventory, an increase in lot size increases the fill rate butnot the cycle service level.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Hard22. The required safety inventory grows rapidly with a decrease in the desiredproduct availability.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy23. The required safety inventory increases with an increase in the lead time and thestandard deviation of periodic demand.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy24. A goal of any supply chain manager is to reduce the level of safety inventoryrequired regardless of the affect product availability.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy25. In most supply chains, the key to reducing the underlying forecast uncertainty isto link all forecasts throughout the supply chain to customer demand data.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate26. A reduction in supply can help dramatically reduce safety inventory requiredwithout hurting product availability.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate27. Aggregation reduces the standard deviation of demand only if demand acrossthe regions being aggregated is not perfectly positively correlated.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate28. In case demand in different geographical regions is about the same size andindependent, aggregation increases safety inventory by the square root of thenumber of areas aggregated.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate29. If aggregation reduces the required safety inventory for a product by a smallamount, it may be best to carry the product in multiple decentralized locations t o reduce response time and transportation cost.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate30. The lower the coefficient of variation of an item, the greater the reduction insafety inventories as a result of centralization.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard31. Manufacturer-driven substitution increases overall profitability for themanufacturer by allowing some aggregation of demand, which reduces theinventory requirements for the same level of availability.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate32. Postponement allows the supply chain to delay product differentiation, whichresults in disaggregating most of the inventories in the supply chain. Answer:FalseDifficulty: Moderate33. Periodic review policies require more safety inventory than continuous reviewpolicies for the same level of product availability.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy34. When using a continuous review policy, a manager has to account for theuncertainty of demand during the lead time and the review interval.Answer: FalseDifficulty: EasyMultiple Choice1. Inventory carried for the purpose of satisfying demand that exceeds the amountforecasted for a given period isa. cycle inventory.b. demand inventory.c. safety inventory.d. security inventory.e. all of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Easy2. Safety inventory is carried becausea. demand forecasts are accurate.b. demand forecasts are uncertain.c. adequate supplies are available.d. excess product was manufactured.e. forecast demand exceeds the actual demand.Answer: b Difficulty:Moderate3. The trade-off that a supply chain manager must consider when planning safetyinventory isa. increasing product availability versus increasing inventory holding costs.b. decreasing product availability versus decreasing inventory holding costs.c. increasing product availability versus raising the level of safety inventory.d. decreasing product availability versus decreasing the level of safetyinventory.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate4. The issue of product availability and the level of safety inventory is particularlysignificant in industries wherea. product life cycles are short and demand is stable.b. product life cycles are short and demand is very volatile.c. product life cycles are long and demand is stable.d. product life cycles are long and demand is very volatile.e. a and b onlyAnswer: b Difficulty:Moderate5. A key to success at which company has been its ability to provide a high level ofproduct availability to customers while carrying very low levels of safety inventory in its supply chain?a. Compaqb. Hewlett-Packardc. Delld. Packard-Belle. all of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate6. What key question(s) need(s) to be considered when planning safety inventoryfor any supply chain?a. What is the appropriate lead time to establish?b. What is the appropriate level of safety inventory to carry?c. What actions can be taken to improve product availability while reducingsafety inventory?d. a and b onlye. b and c onlyAnswer: e Difficulty:Moderate7. The appropriate level of safety inventory is determined bya. the uncertainty of both demand and supply.b. the desired level of product availability.c. the desired level of cycle inventory.d. the processes in a supply chain are divided into 2 categories dependingall of the abovee. a and b onlyAnswer: e Difficulty:Moderate8. As the uncertainty of supply or demand grows, the required level of safetyinventoriesa. decreases.b. increases.c. remains stable.d. both a and be. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate9. As the desired level of product availability increases, the required level of s afetyinventorya. decreases.b. increases.c. remains stable.d. both a and be. none of the aboveAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate10. Lead time is the gap betweena. when an order is placed and when it is received.b. when an order is received and when it is put away.c. when an order is received and when it is used.d. when an order is acknowledged and when it is received.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy11. The coefficient of variation measuresa. the accuracy of the demand forecast.b. the size of the uncertainty relative to demand.c. the relevance of cycle inventory to demand.d. the relative certainty of the forecast.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate12. Which of the following is not a measure of product availability?a. customer fill rateb. product fill ratec. order fill rated. cycle service level (CSL)e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate13. The fraction of orders that are filled from available inventory is thea. customer fill rate.b. product fill rate.c. order fill rate.d. cycle service level (CSL).e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Easy14. The fraction of product demand that is satisfied from product in inventory is thea. customer fill rate.b. product fill rate.c. order fill rate.d. cycle service level (CSL).e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Easy15. The fraction of replenishment cycles that end with all the customer demand beingmet is thea. customer fill rate.b. product fill rate.c. order fill rate.d. cycle service level (CSL).e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Easy16. If a customer order arrives when product is not availablea. a sale results.b. the retailer allocates product to the customer.c. a stockout results.d. the order is filled from safety inventory.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate17. The distinction between product fill rate and order fill rate isa. not significant in a single product situation.b. significant in a single product situation.c. not significant when a firm is selling multiple products.d. significant when a firm is selling multiple products.e. both a and dAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate18. A replenishment policya. consists of decisions regarding when to reorder and how much to reorder.b. determines the cycle and safety inventories along with the fr and the CSL.c. may take several forms.d. All of the above are true.e. None of the above are true.Answer: dDifficulty: Moderate19. A company that tracks inventory and places an order for a lot size Q when theinventory declines to the reorder point (ROP) is usinga. continuous review.b. daily review.c. occasional review.d. periodic review.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy20. A company that checks inventory status at regular periodic intervals and placesan order to raise the inventory level to a specified threshold is usinga. continuous review.b. daily review.c. occasional review.d. periodic review.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate21. Which of the following is correct?a. Average inventory = cycle inventory + safety inventoryb. Average inventory = cycle inventory - safety inventoryc. Average inventory = cycle inventory x safety inventoryd. Average inventory = cycle inventory / safety inventorye. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy22. The expected shortage per replenishment cycle (ESC) isa. the units of demand that are not satisfied from inventory in stock in agiven replenishment cycle.b. the units of demand that are satisfied from inventory in stock in a givenreplenishment cycle.c. the average units of demand that are not satisfied from inventory in stockper replenishment cycle.d. the average units of demand that are satisfied from inventory in stock perreplenishment cycle.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate23. The product fill rate (fr) is thus given bya. fr = 1 –ESC/Q + (Q – ES C)/Q.b. fr = 1 –ESC/Q – (Q – ES C)/Q.c. fr = 1 + ESC/Q = (Q + ES C)/Q.d. fr = 1 –ESC/Q = (Q – ES C)/Q.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Hard24. Given a lot size of Q (which is also the average demand in a replenishmentcycle)a. the fraction of demand lost is thus ESC + Q.b. the fraction of demand lost is thus ESC –Q.c. the fraction of demand lost is thus ESC/Q.d. the fraction of demand lost is thus ESC x Q.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Hard25. A shortage occurs in a replenishment cyclea. only if the demand during the lead time exceeds the ROP.b. only if the demand during the lead time is less than the ROP.c. only if the demand during the lead time exceeds the average demand.d. only if the demand during the lead time is less than the average demand.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate26. As the safety inventory is increaseda. fill rate increases and cycle service level decreases.b. fill rate decreases and cycle service level increases.c. both fill rate and cycle service level increase.d. both fill rate and cycle service level decrease.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate27. For the same safety inventory, an increase in lot sizea. decreases the fill rate but not the cycle service level.b. increases the fill rate but not the cycle service level.c. decreases both the fill rate and the cycle service level.d. increases both the fill rate and the cycle service level.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Hard28. The expected shortage per replenishment cycle is shown asa. ESC = (1 + fr)Q.b. ESC = (1 –fr)Q.c. ESC = (1 + fr)/Q.d. ESC = (1 –fr)/Q.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Hard29. The required safety inventorya. grows rapidly with a decrease in the desired product a vailability.b. grows rapidly with an increase in the desired product availability.c. decreases with an increase in the desired product a vailability.d. remains stable with an increase in the desired product availability.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate30. The required safety inventorya. increases with an increase in the lead time and the standard deviation ofperiodic demand.b. decreases with an increase in the lead time and the standard deviation ofperiodic demand.c. remains stable with an increase in the lead time and the standarddeviation of periodic demand.d. increases with a decrease in the lead time and the standard deviation ofperiodic demand.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate31. A goal of any supply chain manager is toa. increase the level of safety inventory required in a way that does notadversely affect product availability.b. increase the level of safety inventory required regardless of the effect onproduct availability.c. reduce the level of safety inventory required regardless of the effect onproduct availability.d. reduce the level of safety inventory required in a way that does notadversely affect product availability.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate32. Which of the following is not an approach to reduce the level of safety inventoryrequired in a way that does not adversely affect product availability?a. Reduce the supplier lead time.b. Reduce the underlying uncertainty of demand.c. Reduce the cost of material coming from suppliers.d. All of the above are approaches.e. None of the above are approaches.Answer: cDifficulty: Hard33. Often, safety inventory calculations in practicea. do not include any measure of supply uncertainty, resulting in levels thatmay be higher than required.b. do not include any measure of supply uncertainty, resulting in levels thatmay be lower than required.c. include measures of supply uncertainty, resulting in levels that may behigher than required.d. include any measures of supply uncertainty, resulting in levels that maybe lower than required.e. None of the above are accurate.Answer: bDifficulty: Hard34. Aggregation reduces the standard deviation of demanda. only if demand across the regions being aggregated is perfectly positivelycorrelated.b. only if demand across the regions being aggregated is not p erfectlypositively correlated.c. even if demand across the regions being aggregated is not p erfectlypositively correlated.d. whenever demand across the regions being aggregated is not perfectlypositively correlated.e. All of the above are accurate.Answer: bDifficulty: Hard35. If the number of independent stocking locations decreases by a factor of n, theaverage safety inventory is expected toa. decrease by a factor of √n.b. decrease by a factor of n.c. increase by a factor of √n.d. increase by a factor of n.e. None of the above are accurate.Answer: aDifficulty: Moderate36. Which of the following is not a major disadvantage of aggregating all inventory inone location?a. Increase in forecast accuracy of customer demand.b. Increase in response time to customer order.c. Increase in transportation cost to customer.d. All of the above are disadvantages.e. All of the above are advantages.Answer: aDifficulty: Easy37. Which of the following is not a method by which a supply chain can extract thebenefits of aggregation without having to physically centralize all inventories inone location?a. information centralizationb. specializationc. product substitutiond. component differentiatione. postponementAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderation38. Which approach to aggregation requires an information system that allowsaccess to current inventory records from each location?a. information centralizationb. specializationc. product substitutiond. component commonalitye. postponementAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy39. Which approach to aggregation would stock the fast-moving items atdecentralized locations close to the customer and slow-moving items at acentralized location?a. information centralizationb. specializationc. product substitutiond. component commonalitye. postponementAnswer: b Difficulty:Moderate40. The use of one product to satisfy demand for a different product isa. information centralization.b. specialization.c. product substitution.d. component commonality.e. postponement.Answer: cDifficulty: Easy41. Which use of common components in a variety of products has been a veryeffective supply chain strategy to exploit aggregation and reduce componentinventories?a. information centralizationb. specializationc. product substitutiond. component commonalitye. postponementAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy42. The ability of a supply chain to delay product differentiation or customization u ntilcloser to the time the product is sold isa. information centralization.b. specialization.c. product substitution.d. component commonality.e. postponement.Answer: e Difficulty:Moderate43. Which approach to aggregation has the goal of moving product differentiation asclose to the pull phase of the supply chain as possible?a. information centralizationb. specializationc. product substitutiond. component commonalitye. postponementAnswer: e Difficulty:Moderate44. Periodic review policies for inventory replenishment require safety inventory tocover demand duringa. lead time only.b. the review interval only.c. both lead time and the review interval.d. neither lead time or the review interval.e. lead time when it exceeds the review interval.Answer: cDifficulty: Moderate45. Continuous review policies for inventory replenishment require safety inventory tocover demand duringa. lead time only.b. the review interval only.c. both lead time and the review interval.d. neither lead time or the review interval.e. lead time when it exceeds the review interval.Answer: aDifficulty: Moderate46. Periodic review policies requirea. more safety inventory than continuous review policies for the same levelof product availability.b. less safety inventory than continuous review policies for the same level ofproduct availability.c. the same safety inventory as continuous review policies for the samelevel of product availability.d. no more safety inventory than continuous review policies for the samelevel of product availability.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate47. All inventory between a given stage in the supply chain and the final customer iscalled thea. cycle inventory.b. demand inventory.c. echelon inventory.d. safety inventory.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Hard48. A distributor should decide his safety inventory levels based ona. the level of safety inventory carried by all retailers supplied by him.b. the level of safety inventory carried by other distributors.c. the level of safety inventory carried by manufacturers supplying him.d. the level of cycle inventory carried by all retailers supplied by him.e. the level of cycle inventory carried by other distributors.Answer: aDifficulty: Hard49. As retailers decrease the level of safety inventory they carry, the distributor willhave toa. decrease his or her safety inventory.b. increase his or her safety inventory.c. keep his or her safety inventory at the same level.d. increase his or her cycle inventory.e. decrease his or her cycle inventory.Answer: bDifficulty: HardEssay/Problems1. Discuss the role of safety inventory in the supply chain and the trade-offsinvolved.Answer: The primary role of safety inventory is providing product availability forcustomers when demand and supply are uncertain. The trade-off that a supplychain manager must consider when planning safety inventory involve productavailability and inventory holding costs. On one hand, raising the level of safetyinventory increases product availability and thus the margin captured fromcustomer purchases. On the other hand, raising the level of safety inventoryincreases inventory holding costs. This issue is particularly significant inindustries where product life cycles are short and demand is very volatile.Carrying excessive inventory can help counter demand volatility but can reallyhurt if new products come on the market and demand for the product in inventory dries up. The inventory on hand then becomes worthless.In today’s business environment, firms experience great pressure to improveproduct availability while increasing product variety through customization. As aresult, markets have become increasingly heterogeneous and demand forindividual products is very unstable and difficult to forecast. Both the increasedvariety and the increased pressure for availability push firms to increase the level of safety inventory they hold.At the same time, product life cycles have shrunk. This increases the risk to firms of carrying too much inventory. Thus, a key to the success of any supply chain is to figure out ways to decrease the level of safety inventory carried without hurting the level of product availability.Difficulty: Hard2. Discuss the various measures of product availability.Answer: Product availability reflects a firm’s ability to fill a customer order out ofavailable inventory. A stockout results if a customer order arrives when product is not available. There are several ways to measure product availability. Allavailability measures are defined on average over a given time frame, which can range from hours to a year.Product fill rate (fr) is the fraction of product demand that is satisfied from product in inventory. It is equivalent to the probability that product demand is suppliedfrom available inventory.Order fill rate is the fraction of orders that are filled from available inventory. In a multi-product scenario, an order is filled from inventory only if all products in theorder can be supplied from the available inventory. Order fill rates tend to belower than product fill rates because all products must be in stock for an order to be filled.Cycle service level (CSL) is the fraction of replenishment cycles that end with all the customer demand being met. A replenishment cycle is the interval betweentwo successive replenishment deliveries. The CSL is equal to the probability ofnot having a stockout in a replenishment cycle. Observe that a CSL of 60 percent will typically result in a much higher fill rate.The distinction between product fill rate and order fill rate is not significant in asingle product situation. When a firm is selling multiple products, however, thisdifference may be significant. For example, if most orders include 10 or moredifferent products that are to be shipped, an out-of-stock situation of one product results in the order not being filled from stock. The firm in this case may have apoor order fill rate even though it has good product fill rates. Tracking order fillrates is important when customers place a high value on the entire order beingfilled simultaneously.Difficulty: Moderate3. Describe the two types of ordering policies and the impact each has on safetyinventory.Answer: A replenishment policy consists of decisions regarding when to reorderand how much to reorder. These decisions determine the cycle and safetyinventories along with the fr and the CSL. There are several forms thatreplenishment policies may take. We restrict attention to two instances:1. Continuous review: Inventory is continuously tracked and an order for a lotsize Q is placed when the inventory declines to the reorder point (ROP). The time between orders may fluctuate given variable demand. When using a continuousreview policy, a manager has to account only for the uncertainty of demandduring the lead time (L).2. Periodic review: Inventory status is checked at regular periodic intervals andan order is placed to raise the inventory level to a specified threshold. In thiscase, the time between orders is fixed. The size of each order, however, can。

物流与供应链管理重点及答案----11月汇编

1、SWOT是指什么？237答：SWOT分析法又称为态势分析法．它是由旧金山大学的管理学教授于20世纪80年代初提出来的．是一种能够较客观而准确地分析和研究一个单位现实情况的方法。

SWOT分别代表优势、劣势、机会和威胁。

2、什么是企业即时采购战略？234纵向协同物流战略？235答：企业即时采购战略是将即时生产和即时物流综合考虑，形成一个决策系统来提高企业的经营效率。

即时采购是一种先进的采购模式，其基本思想是在恰当的时间、恰当的地点，以恰当的数量、恰当的质量从上游厂商向企业提供恰当的产品。

纵向协同物流战略是流通渠道不同阶段企业相互协调，形成合作性、共同化的物流管理系统，也就是供应链的管理。

3、预测管理的基础是什么？（P81页第3-5行）预测管理的基础是（预测数据库），它包括经过处理后等待发货的订单，以往需求的历史数据以及刺激需求的策略，如促销、特殊交易或者产品交换等。

4、物流车辆维修与保养计划是否是企业物流系统规划与设计的主要内容(不是)企业物流系统规划与设计的主要内容包括：（1）物流网络布局规划；（2）物流节点内部布局规划；（3）物流设备选型和平面布局设计。

5、物流体系的本质是什么？答：物流体系的本质是以自身发展理念、发展方式、发展内容为指导并通过专门的作业创造并实现价值的活动。

6．如何确定安全库存量？P186安全库存=前置需求标准差*标准差值再订货点=前置需求标准差+安全库存7．（预测的准确性）是指销售预测值与实际的销售值之间的差别大小。

P828、供应链管理中，S&OP的典型处理流程有哪些P32答：在举行SOP会议之前，需求计划和供应计划已经得到匹配，形成了初步的供需计划，带到会议上进行探讨，当然不这并不是说这个计划不能变更，而是可以在充分协商的基本上，再加以调整。

销售与运作规划（S&OP）是以（月）为单位进行滚动进行的.28有哪些常用的定量预测方法？（P78-79页）常用的定量预测方法有：1.定性分析法；2.移动平均数法；（3.指数加权平均数法。

第11章物流与物流管理

难点 • 层次分析法 • MRP • 库存控制的方法
11-2
管理与企业管理
Chapter
11
引例
不看不知道，一看吓一跳
物流的复杂性是令人生畏的。仅在美国，营销结构就涉及到大约150万个零售商和46万个以上的批发商。为了给这些企业运送产品和物料，1992年在美国就注册了1490万辆商用卡车。为了支持物流，1994年在制造、批发、零售和存货方面的投资总额超过了8930亿美元。1994年美国的物流年度开支恰好比国民生产总值的10%略少，即在GNP上每花费10000亿美元，相应的物流成本就要超过1000亿美元。1994年的运输开支为4250亿美元，相当于GNP的6.3%。我们经济生活中的物流确实是桩大生意！资料来源：唐纳德 J. 鲍尔索克斯等:《物流管理：供应链过程的一体化》，机械工业出版社1999年版，第2页
11-9
管理与企业管理
物流系统的功能： 1. 2.
Chapter
11
—11.1.1
输送，即使物品发生空间移动的物流活动，需要根据不同的物品，分析各种运输手段的特点，选择合适的机具。保管，即商品储藏管理，有时间调整和价格调整的机能，主要设施是仓库，在商品出入库的信息基础上进行在库管理。
3.
流通加工，是在流通阶段所进行的为保存或转换形态而进行的加工，具体包括切割、细分、组装等轻微的生产活动，以及单位化、价格贴付、标签贴付、商品检验等辅助作业。
现代企业管理——理念、方法、技术管理与企业管理邬适融主编
Chapter
11
第11章物流与物流管理
11-1
管理与企业管理
Chapter
11
本章重点、难点
重点 • 记忆：现代物流；企业物流管理 • 熟知：企业物流管理的基本任务；准时采购的物流体系的建立应满足的原则；低生产物料消耗的主要途径

供应链管理_第三版_Unit11_习题与答案

Chapter 11Managing Uncertainty in the Supply Chain: Safety InventoryTrue/False1. Safety inventory is inventory carried for the purpose of satisfying demand thatexceeds the amount forecasted for a given period.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate2. Raising the level of safety inventory increases product availability and thus themargin captured from customer purchases.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate3. Carrying excessive inventory can help counter demand volatility when newproducts come on the market.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate4. The appropriate level of safety inventory is determined by the uncertainty of bothdemand and supply and the desired level of cycle inventory.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate5. As the uncertainty of supply or demand grows, the required level of safetyinventories increases.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate6. As the desired level of product availability increases, the required level of safetyinventory decreases.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy7. Lead time is the gap between when an order is placed and when it is received.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy8. The coefficient of variation measures the size of the relative certainty of cycleinventory.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy9. Product availability reflects a firm’s ability to fill a customer order out of availableinventory.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate10. Order fill rate is the fraction of product demand that is satisfied from product ininventory.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate11. Product fill rate is the fraction of product demand that is satisfied from product ininventory.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate12. The distinction between product fill rate and order fill rate is significant in a singleproduct situation.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard13. Tracking order fill rates is important when customers place a high value on theentire order being filled simultaneously.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy14. With continuous review, inventory is continuously tracked and an order for a lotsize Q is placed at regular intervals of time.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard15. With periodic review, inventory status is checked at regular intervals and an orderis placed to raise the inventory level to a specified threshold.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Hard16. The expected shortage per replenishment cycle(ESC) is the average units ofdemand that are satisfied from inventory in stock per replenishment cycle.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard17. A shortage occurs in a replenishment cycle only if the demand during the leadtime exceeds the ROP.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate18. The required safety inventory grows rapidly with a decrease in the desiredproduct availability.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy19. In most supply chains, the key to reducing the underlying forecast uncertainty isto link all forecasts throughout the supply chain to customer demand data.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate20. A reduction in supply can help dramatically reduce safety inventory requiredwithout hurting product availability.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate21. Aggregation reduces the standard deviation of demand only if demand acrossthe regions being aggregated is not perfectly positively correlated.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate22. The lower the coefficient of variation of an item, the greater the reduction insafety inventories as a result of centralization.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard23. Manufacturer-driven substitution increases overall profitability for themanufacturer by allowing some aggregation of demand, which reduces theinventory requirements for the same level of availability.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate24. Periodic review policies require more safety inventory than continuous reviewpolicies for the same level of product availability.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy25. When using a continuous review policy, a manager has to account for theuncertainty of demand during the lead time and the review interval.Answer: FalseDifficulty: EasyEssay/Problems1. Discuss the role of safety inventory in the supply chain and the trade-offsinvolved.Answer: The primary role of safety inventory is providing product availability for customers when demand and supply are uncertain. The trade-off that a supply chain manager must consider when planning safety inventory involve productavailability and inventory holding costs. On one hand, raising the level of safetyinventory increases product availability and thus the margin captured fromcustomer purchases. On the other hand, raising the level of safety inventoryincreases inventory holding costs. This issue is particularly significant inindustries where product life cycles are short and demand is very volatile.Carrying excessive inventory can help counter demand volatility but can reallyhurt if new products come on the market and demand for the product in inventory dries up. The inventory on hand then becomes worthless.In today’s business environment, firms experience great pressure to improveproduct availability while increasing product variety through customization. As aresult, markets have become increasingly heterogeneous and demand forindividual products is very unstable and difficult to forecast. Both the increasedvariety and the increased pressure for availability push firms to increase the level of safety inventory they hold.At the same time, product life cycles have shrunk. This increases the risk to firms of carrying too much inventory. Thus, a key to the success of any supply chain is to figure out ways to decrease the level of safety inventory carried without hurting the level of product availability.Difficulty: Hard答：主要作用是提供安全库存产品供应顾客时，供给和需求是不确定的。

物流及供应链管理最资料含答案

物流与供给链管理复习资料一、单项选择题1．现在物流管理的目的〔整体优化〕P22. 属于供给链运营整合障碍的是的〔分散的信息构造〕P243. 供给链运营综合应遵循的原则是〔全局性视野〕P264. 销售与动作流程是以〔月〕为单位滚动进展的P285.以库存精准性的体系是(质量绩效指标)6. 供给链管理的本质是对企业内外部供给和需求的综合管理。

7. 规律性需求可以分解为哪些因素.P76开展趋势。

季节性。

随机性因素。

8. 从批标准化采购所处的阶段是〔按库生产〕9. 补货时货物购置的相关本钱是什么.补货本钱。

10. 低风险。

低本钱的产品或效劳属于〔策略性产品或效劳〕11. 在紧急情况下，管理层需要对需求的情况作出迅速的判断和决策时，比拟适合采用什么分析法。

正确答案。

定性分析法。

12. 为了实现回收目的，厂商从顾客回收空容器等发生的本钱是指〔回收物流本钱。

〕13. 在供给链及企业中常用的绩效评价模型中，英文简写为BSC的模型。

正确答案。

平衡积分卡。

14.备货,分拣,配货,装配,送货及配送加工等功能的活动(是配送)15. 随着一次装运量增大，单位重量的运输本钱下降的原理是指〔运输原理〕16. 现在物流商品供给体系的中心是什么.〔搬运、储存〕17. 除了转移功能外，物流运输还具有的功能是〔临时存储。

〕18. 从客户发出订货通知到承受么产品以及进入客户仓库的整个时间被称为什么客户订货周期19. 运输本钱中，返程运输的空车费用属于〔联合本钱〕。

20. DRP的重要组成局部是什么.〔分销业务管理〕21. 如果产品的可替代性高，企业应中选择系统以降低本钱销售分散的仓库。

22. 提出购置需求，选定供给商，发出购置订单，确定交货并按要求收复款项的活动是指，产品采购。

23. 信息量大，易打印的条形码是指。

pdf杠417码。

24.DRP缩写的中文名称是。

配送需求方案(Distribution requirements planning,DRP25. 将货物从接货区装卸平台移动到仓库的存货区的过程是指。

供应链管理第三版Unit11习题与答案(最新整理)

Chapter 11Managing Uncertainty in the Supply Chain: Safety InventoryTrue/False1. Safety inventory is inventory carried for the purpose of satisfying demand thatexceeds the amount forecasted for a given period.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate2. Safety inventory is carried because demand forecasts are accurate and aproduct shortage may result if the forecast demand exceeds the actual demand.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate3. Raising the level of safety inventory increases product availability and thus themargin captured from customer purchases.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate4. Raising the level of safety inventory increases inventory holding c osts.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy5. Carrying excessive inventory can help counter demand volatility when newproducts come on the market.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate6. The appropriate level of safety inventory is determined by the uncertainty of bothdemand and supply and the desired level of cycle inventory.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate7. As the uncertainty of supply or demand grows, the required level of safetyinventories increases.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate8. As the desired level of product availability increases, the required level of s afetyinventory decreases.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy9. Lead time is the gap between when an order is placed and when it is r eceived.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy10. The coefficient of variation measures the size of the relative certainty of cycleinventory.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy11. Product availability reflects a firm’s ability to fill a customer order out of availableinventory.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate12. Order fill rate is the fraction of product demand that is satisfied from product ininventory.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate13. Product fill rate is the fraction of product demand that is satisfied from product ininventory.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate14. The distinction between product fill rate and order fill rate is significant in a singleproduct situation.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard15. Tracking order fill rates is important when customers place a high value on theentire order being filled simultaneously.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy16. With continuous review, inventory is continuously tracked and an order for a lotsize Q is placed at regular intervals of time.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard17. With periodic review, inventory status is checked at regular intervals and an orderis placed to raise the inventory level to a specified threshold.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Hard18. The expected shortage per replenishment cycle (ESC) is the average units ofdemand that are satisfied from inventory in stock per replenishment cycle.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard19. A shortage occurs in a replenishment cycle only if the demand during the leadtime exceeds the ROP.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate20. The fill rate increases and the cycle service level decreases as the safetyinventory is increased.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate21. For the same safety inventory, an increase in lot size increases the fill rate butnot the cycle service level.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Hard22. The required safety inventory grows rapidly with a decrease in the desiredproduct availability.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy23. The required safety inventory increases with an increase in the lead time and thestandard deviation of periodic demand.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy24. A goal of any supply chain manager is to reduce the level of safety inventoryrequired regardless of the affect product availability.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy25. In most supply chains, the key to reducing the underlying forecast uncertainty isto link all forecasts throughout the supply chain to customer demand data.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate26. A reduction in supply can help dramatically reduce safety inventory requiredwithout hurting product availability.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate27. Aggregation reduces the standard deviation of demand only if demand acrossthe regions being aggregated is not perfectly positively correlated.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate28. In case demand in different geographical regions is about the same size andindependent, aggregation increases safety inventory by the square root of thenumber of areas aggregated.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate29. If aggregation reduces the required safety inventory for a product by a smallamount, it may be best to carry the product in multiple decentralized locations t o reduce response time and transportation cost.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate30. The lower the coefficient of variation of an item, the greater the reduction insafety inventories as a result of centralization.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard31. Manufacturer-driven substitution increases overall profitability for themanufacturer by allowing some aggregation of demand, which reduces theinventory requirements for the same level of availability.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate32. Postponement allows the supply chain to delay product differentiation, whichresults in disaggregating most of the inventories in the supply chain. Answer:FalseDifficulty: Moderate33. Periodic review policies require more safety inventory than continuous reviewpolicies for the same level of product availability.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy34. When using a continuous review policy, a manager has to account for theuncertainty of demand during the lead time and the review interval.Answer: FalseDifficulty: EasyMultiple Choice1. Inventory carried for the purpose of satisfying demand that exceeds the amountforecasted for a given period isa. cycle inventory.b. demand inventory.c. safety inventory.d. security inventory.e. all of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Easy2. Safety inventory is carried becausea. demand forecasts are accurate.b. demand forecasts are uncertain.c. adequate supplies are available.d. excess product was manufactured.e. forecast demand exceeds the actual demand.Answer: b Difficulty:Moderate3. The trade-off that a supply chain manager must consider when planning safetyinventory isa. increasing product availability versus increasing inventory holding costs.b. decreasing product availability versus decreasing inventory holding costs.c. increasing product availability versus raising the level of safety inventory.d. decreasing product availability versus decreasing the level of safetyinventory.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate4. The issue of product availability and the level of safety inventory is particularlysignificant in industries wherea. product life cycles are short and demand is stable.b. product life cycles are short and demand is very volatile.c. product life cycles are long and demand is stable.d. product life cycles are long and demand is very volatile.e. a and b onlyAnswer: b Difficulty:Moderate5. A key to success at which company has been its ability to provide a high level ofproduct availability to customers while carrying very low levels of safety inventory in its supply chain?a. Compaqb. Hewlett-Packardc. Delld. Packard-Belle. all of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate6. What key question(s) need(s) to be considered when planning safety inventoryfor any supply chain?a. What is the appropriate lead time to establish?b. What is the appropriate level of safety inventory to carry?c. What actions can be taken to improve product availability while reducingsafety inventory?d. a and b onlye. b and c onlyAnswer: e Difficulty:Moderate7. The appropriate level of safety inventory is determined bya. the uncertainty of both demand and supply.b. the desired level of product availability.c. the desired level of cycle inventory.d. the processes in a supply chain are divided into 2 categories dependingall of the abovee. a and b onlyAnswer: e Difficulty:Moderate8. As the uncertainty of supply or demand grows, the required level of safetyinventoriesa. decreases.b. increases.c. remains stable.d. both a and be. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate9. As the desired level of product availability increases, the required level of s afetyinventorya. decreases.b. increases.c. remains stable.d. both a and be. none of the aboveAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate10. Lead time is the gap betweena. when an order is placed and when it is received.b. when an order is received and when it is put away.c. when an order is received and when it is used.d. when an order is acknowledged and when it is received.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy11. The coefficient of variation measuresa. the accuracy of the demand forecast.b. the size of the uncertainty relative to demand.c. the relevance of cycle inventory to demand.d. the relative certainty of the forecast.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate12. Which of the following is not a measure of product availability?a. customer fill rateb. product fill ratec. order fill rated. cycle service level (CSL)e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate13. The fraction of orders that are filled from available inventory is thea. customer fill rate.b. product fill rate.c. order fill rate.d. cycle service level (CSL).e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Easy14. The fraction of product demand that is satisfied from product in inventory is thea. customer fill rate.b. product fill rate.c. order fill rate.d. cycle service level (CSL).e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Easy15. The fraction of replenishment cycles that end with all the customer demand beingmet is thea. customer fill rate.b. product fill rate.c. order fill rate.d. cycle service level (CSL).e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Easy16. If a customer order arrives when product is not availablea. a sale results.b. the retailer allocates product to the customer.c. a stockout results.d. the order is filled from safety inventory.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate17. The distinction between product fill rate and order fill rate isa. not significant in a single product situation.b. significant in a single product situation.c. not significant when a firm is selling multiple products.d. significant when a firm is selling multiple products.e. both a and dAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate18. A replenishment policya. consists of decisions regarding when to reorder and how much to reorder.b. determines the cycle and safety inventories along with the fr and the CSL.c. may take several forms.d. All of the above are true.e. None of the above are true.Answer: dDifficulty: Moderate19. A company that tracks inventory and places an order for a lot size Q when theinventory declines to the reorder point (ROP) is usinga. continuous review.b. daily review.c. occasional review.d. periodic review.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy20. A company that checks inventory status at regular periodic intervals and placesan order to raise the inventory level to a specified threshold is usinga. continuous review.b. daily review.c. occasional review.d. periodic review.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate21. Which of the following is correct?a. Average inventory = cycle inventory + safety inventoryb. Average inventory = cycle inventory - safety inventoryc. Average inventory = cycle inventory x safety inventoryd. Average inventory = cycle inventory / safety inventorye. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy22. The expected shortage per replenishment cycle (ESC) isa. the units of demand that are not satisfied from inventory in stock in agiven replenishment cycle.b. the units of demand that are satisfied from inventory in stock in a givenreplenishment cycle.c. the average units of demand that are not satisfied from inventory in stockper replenishment cycle.d. the average units of demand that are satisfied from inventory in stock perreplenishment cycle.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate23. The product fill rate (fr) is thus given bya. fr = 1 –ESC/Q + (Q – ES C)/Q.b. fr = 1 –ESC/Q – (Q – ES C)/Q.c. fr = 1 + ESC/Q = (Q + ES C)/Q.d. fr = 1 –ESC/Q = (Q – ES C)/Q.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Hard24. Given a lot size of Q (which is also the average demand in a replenishmentcycle)a. the fraction of demand lost is thus ESC + Q.b. the fraction of demand lost is thus ESC –Q.c. the fraction of demand lost is thus ESC/Q.d. the fraction of demand lost is thus ESC x Q.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Hard25. A shortage occurs in a replenishment cyclea. only if the demand during the lead time exceeds the ROP.b. only if the demand during the lead time is less than the ROP.c. only if the demand during the lead time exceeds the average demand.d. only if the demand during the lead time is less than the average demand.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate26. As the safety inventory is increaseda. fill rate increases and cycle service level decreases.b. fill rate decreases and cycle service level increases.c. both fill rate and cycle service level increase.d. both fill rate and cycle service level decrease.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate27. For the same safety inventory, an increase in lot sizea. decreases the fill rate but not the cycle service level.b. increases the fill rate but not the cycle service level.c. decreases both the fill rate and the cycle service level.d. increases both the fill rate and the cycle service level.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Hard28. The expected shortage per replenishment cycle is shown asa. ESC = (1 + fr)Q.b. ESC = (1 –fr)Q.c. ESC = (1 + fr)/Q.d. ESC = (1 –fr)/Q.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Hard29. The required safety inventorya. grows rapidly with a decrease in the desired product a vailability.b. grows rapidly with an increase in the desired product availability.c. decreases with an increase in the desired product a vailability.d. remains stable with an increase in the desired product availability.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate30. The required safety inventorya. increases with an increase in the lead time and the standard deviation ofperiodic demand.b. decreases with an increase in the lead time and the standard deviation ofperiodic demand.c. remains stable with an increase in the lead time and the standarddeviation of periodic demand.d. increases with a decrease in the lead time and the standard deviation ofperiodic demand.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate31. A goal of any supply chain manager is toa. increase the level of safety inventory required in a way that does notadversely affect product availability.b. increase the level of safety inventory required regardless of the effect onproduct availability.c. reduce the level of safety inventory required regardless of the effect onproduct availability.d. reduce the level of safety inventory required in a way that does notadversely affect product availability.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate32. Which of the following is not an approach to reduce the level of safety inventoryrequired in a way that does not adversely affect product availability?a. Reduce the supplier lead time.b. Reduce the underlying uncertainty of demand.c. Reduce the cost of material coming from suppliers.d. All of the above are approaches.e. None of the above are approaches.Answer: cDifficulty: Hard33. Often, safety inventory calculations in practicea. do not include any measure of supply uncertainty, resulting in levels thatmay be higher than required.b. do not include any measure of supply uncertainty, resulting in levels thatmay be lower than required.c. include measures of supply uncertainty, resulting in levels that may behigher than required.d. include any measures of supply uncertainty, resulting in levels that maybe lower than required.e. None of the above are accurate.Answer: bDifficulty: Hard34. Aggregation reduces the standard deviation of demanda. only if demand across the regions being aggregated is perfectly positivelycorrelated.b. only if demand across the regions being aggregated is not p erfectlypositively correlated.c. even if demand across the regions being aggregated is not p erfectlypositively correlated.d. whenever demand across the regions being aggregated is not perfectlypositively correlated.e. All of the above are accurate.Answer: bDifficulty: Hard35. If the number of independent stocking locations decreases by a factor of n, theaverage safety inventory is expected toa. decrease by a factor of √n.b. decrease by a factor of n.c. increase by a factor of √n.d. increase by a factor of n.e. None of the above are accurate.Answer: aDifficulty: Moderate36. Which of the following is not a major disadvantage of aggregating all inventory inone location?a. Increase in forecast accuracy of customer demand.b. Increase in response time to customer order.c. Increase in transportation cost to customer.d. All of the above are disadvantages.e. All of the above are advantages.Answer: aDifficulty: Easy37. Which of the following is not a method by which a supply chain can extract thebenefits of aggregation without having to physically centralize all inventories inone location?a. information centralizationb. specializationc. product substitutiond. component differentiatione. postponementAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderation38. Which approach to aggregation requires an information system that allowsaccess to current inventory records from each location?a. information centralizationb. specializationc. product substitutiond. component commonalitye. postponementAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy39. Which approach to aggregation would stock the fast-moving items atdecentralized locations close to the customer and slow-moving items at acentralized location?a. information centralizationb. specializationc. product substitutiond. component commonalitye. postponementAnswer: b Difficulty:Moderate40. The use of one product to satisfy demand for a different product isa. information centralization.b. specialization.c. product substitution.d. component commonality.e. postponement.Answer: cDifficulty: Easy41. Which use of common components in a variety of products has been a veryeffective supply chain strategy to exploit aggregation and reduce componentinventories?a. information centralizationb. specializationc. product substitutiond. component commonalitye. postponementAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy42. The ability of a supply chain to delay product differentiation or customization u ntilcloser to the time the product is sold isa. information centralization.b. specialization.c. product substitution.d. component commonality.e. postponement.Answer: e Difficulty:Moderate43. Which approach to aggregation has the goal of moving product differentiation asclose to the pull phase of the supply chain as possible?a. information centralizationb. specializationc. product substitutiond. component commonalitye. postponementAnswer: e Difficulty:Moderate44. Periodic review policies for inventory replenishment require safety inventory tocover demand duringa. lead time only.b. the review interval only.c. both lead time and the review interval.d. neither lead time or the review interval.e. lead time when it exceeds the review interval.Answer: cDifficulty: Moderate45. Continuous review policies for inventory replenishment require safety inventory tocover demand duringa. lead time only.b. the review interval only.c. both lead time and the review interval.d. neither lead time or the review interval.e. lead time when it exceeds the review interval.Answer: aDifficulty: Moderate46. Periodic review policies requirea. more safety inventory than continuous review policies for the same levelof product availability.b. less safety inventory than continuous review policies for the same level ofproduct availability.c. the same safety inventory as continuous review policies for the samelevel of product availability.d. no more safety inventory than continuous review policies for the samelevel of product availability.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate47. All inventory between a given stage in the supply chain and the final customer iscalled thea. cycle inventory.b. demand inventory.c. echelon inventory.d. safety inventory.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Hard48. A distributor should decide his safety inventory levels based ona. the level of safety inventory carried by all retailers supplied by him.b. the level of safety inventory carried by other distributors.c. the level of safety inventory carried by manufacturers supplying him.d. the level of cycle inventory carried by all retailers supplied by him.e. the level of cycle inventory carried by other distributors.Answer: aDifficulty: Hard49. As retailers decrease the level of safety inventory they carry, the distributor willhave toa. decrease his or her safety inventory.b. increase his or her safety inventory.c. keep his or her safety inventory at the same level.d. increase his or her cycle inventory.e. decrease his or her cycle inventory.Answer: bDifficulty: HardEssay/Problems1. Discuss the role of safety inventory in the supply chain and the trade-offsinvolved.Answer: The primary role of safety inventory is providing product availability forcustomers when demand and supply are uncertain. The trade-off that a supplychain manager must consider when planning safety inventory involve productavailability and inventory holding costs. On one hand, raising the level of safetyinventory increases product availability and thus the margin captured fromcustomer purchases. On the other hand, raising the level of safety inventoryincreases inventory holding costs. This issue is particularly significant inindustries where product life cycles are short and demand is very volatile.Carrying excessive inventory can help counter demand volatility but can reallyhurt if new products come on the market and demand for the product in inventory dries up. The inventory on hand then becomes worthless.In today’s business environment, firms experience great pressure to improveproduct availability while increasing product variety through customization. As aresult, markets have become increasingly heterogeneous and demand forindividual products is very unstable and difficult to forecast. Both the increasedvariety and the increased pressure for availability push firms to increase the level of safety inventory they hold.At the same time, product life cycles have shrunk. This increases the risk to firms of carrying too much inventory. Thus, a key to the success of any supply chain is to figure out ways to decrease the level of safety inventory carried without hurting the level of product availability.Difficulty: Hard2. Discuss the various measures of product availability.Answer: Product availability reflects a firm’s ability to fill a customer order out ofavailable inventory. A stockout results if a customer order arrives when product is not available. There are several ways to measure product availability. Allavailability measures are defined on average over a given time frame, which can range from hours to a year.Product fill rate (fr) is the fraction of product demand that is satisfied from product in inventory. It is equivalent to the probability that product demand is suppliedfrom available inventory.Order fill rate is the fraction of orders that are filled from available inventory. In a multi-product scenario, an order is filled from inventory only if all products in theorder can be supplied from the available inventory. Order fill rates tend to belower than product fill rates because all products must be in stock for an order to be filled.Cycle service level (CSL) is the fraction of replenishment cycles that end with all the customer demand being met. A replenishment cycle is the interval betweentwo successive replenishment deliveries. The CSL is equal to the probability ofnot having a stockout in a replenishment cycle. Observe that a CSL of 60 percent will typically result in a much higher fill rate.The distinction between product fill rate and order fill rate is not significant in asingle product situation. When a firm is selling multiple products, however, thisdifference may be significant. For example, if most orders include 10 or moredifferent products that are to be shipped, an out-of-stock situation of one product results in the order not being filled from stock. The firm in this case may have apoor order fill rate even though it has good product fill rates. Tracking order fillrates is important when customers place a high value on the entire order beingfilled simultaneously.Difficulty: Moderate3. Describe the two types of ordering policies and the impact each has on safetyinventory.Answer: A replenishment policy consists of decisions regarding when to reorderand how much to reorder. These decisions determine the cycle and safetyinventories along with the fr and the CSL. There are several forms thatreplenishment policies may take. We restrict attention to two instances:1. Continuous review: Inventory is continuously tracked and an order for a lotsize Q is placed when the inventory declines to the reorder point (ROP). The time between orders may fluctuate given variable demand. When using a continuousreview policy, a manager has to account only for the uncertainty of demandduring the lead time (L).2. Periodic review: Inventory status is checked at regular periodic intervals andan order is placed to raise the inventory level to a specified threshold. In thiscase, the time between orders is fixed. The size of each order, however, can。

《供应链与物流管理》练习题-带答案

《供应链与物流管理》练习题年级专业：_ 姓名：__ __学号：_一、名词1、供应物流：供应物流是从买方角度考虑的物流，具体指生产企业、流通企业或消费者采购时，购入原材料、零部件或商品，有生产地向消费地流动过程所产生的物流。

P122、供应链：供应链是指从供应商到厂商一直到最终用户所形成的一个链条。

P373、数码仓库：数码仓库是指利用现代信息技术、网络技术以及计算机技术等对商品进行存储与管理的仓库。

P814、大陆桥：是以大陆为桥进行运输，它是国际联运中必然形成的一种复合运输形式。

包括西伯利亚大陆桥、美洲大陆桥和小陆桥运输三条线路。

P1755、第三方物流模式：第三方是指为交易双方提供不封或者全部物流服务的一方，第三方物流模式就是指交易双方把自己需要完成的物流业务委托给第三方来完成的物流运作模式。

P194二、填空题1、物流时间价值具体体现在：缩短时间、弥补时间差。

P52、现代物流管理的原则有：标准化原则、服务原则、信息化原则、现代化原则。

P25-263、供应链管理协调机制包括战略计划的协调机制、营运计划的协调机制、环境的协调机制三方面内容。

P524、按照库存目的来划分，库存包括周转库存、安全库存、季节性储备三种。

P855、配送的主要目标包括快速响应、最低库存、整合运输三方面.。

P1156、物流中心按照功能划分，包括集货中心、配送中心、集配中心。

P1367、MRP的输入系统有主生产计划MPS、物料清单BOM、库存状态记录ISR三个部分构成。

P272三、多选题1、现代物流的组织模式主要有（A B C）P29A. 集权型的集中管理组织模式B. 分权型的分散管理组织模式C. 集权与分权相结合的管理组织模式D. 物流子公司结构形式2、反应性供应链适用于（A B C D E）的情形。

P48A. 需求预测查B、错误率较高C、产品周期短D、新产品引进频繁E、产品多样性强3、供应链管理的运行机制包括（A B C D E ）P49-56A、协调机制B、信任机制C、信息共享机制D、激励机制E、利益关系机制4、国际物流的特点主要有（A B C D ）A. 国际性B、复杂性C、风险性D、运输方式以海运为主5、JIT的实行条件包括（A B C D ）A、畅顺的供销体系B、顾客的需求信息C、完善的物流体系D、优秀人力资源四、判断题1. 物流冰山理论指现行的财务会计制度和核算方法不能掌握物流费用的实际情况，有许多物流费用并没有准确统计。

物流与供应链管理试题与答案

物流与供应链管理试题与答案【正文】一、选择题1. 物流是指在什么条件下，对业务进行处理？A. 供应链B. 时间与地点C. 仓储D. 交通与运输答案：B2. 下面哪项不是供应链管理的目标？A. 降低成本B. 增加库存C. 提高客户满意度D. 缩短交货时间答案：B3. 选择下面哪个不属于供应链成本的组成部分？A. 运输成本B. 仓储成本C. 人工成本D. 设备成本答案：C4. 下面哪个不是供应链创新的技术应用？A. 云计算B. 物联网C. 人工智能D. 传真机答案：D5. 供应链管理的目标是什么？A. 实现供需平衡B. 实现仓储自动化C. 实现交通高效率D. 实现物流信息化答案：A二、问答题1. 请简述物流与供应链管理的区别。

物流主要关注的是商品的运输、仓储与配送等环节，强调的是对流动物品进行有效管理的过程。

而供应链管理则是以整个供应链为视角，通过优化各个环节之间的协调与合作，实现供应链的高效运作。

物流是供应链管理的一个重要组成部分，但供应链管理更加注重整体性与协同性。

2. 请列举一些提高供应链响应速度的方法。

- 优化供应链信息系统，实现实时监控与数据共享；- 建立紧密的合作关系，与供应商、分销商等各方进行频繁沟通与协商；- 采用合理的库存管理策略，避免库存积压或库存不足的问题；- 引入先进的物流技术，如物联网、人工智能等，提高物流效率；- 预测市场需求，并及时调整生产计划，以减少交货时间。

3. 请简单概述物联网在供应链管理中的应用。

物联网技术可以实现物流信息的实时监控与数据收集，为供应链管理提供了更全面、准确的信息基础。

物联网设备可以与仓储、运输等环节中的设备相连接，实现设备的自动化操作与数据传输。

通过物联网，供应链管理者可以实时追踪货物的位置、温度、湿度等信息，提前做出调整，提高供应链的灵活性与反应速度。

4. 请简述供应链的可持续发展概念。

供应链的可持续发展是指在满足当前需求的同时，能够保护环境、提升社会责任，实现经济和社会效益的协同增长。

（完整版）物流与供应链管理考试题

（完整版）物流与供应链管理考试题1.现代物流管理的目的是什么？现代物流管理以企业整体最优为目的2.何谓物流的系统价值？物流并非是多个功能、环节的简单叠加，而是各个功能、环节相互联系、整体运作的综合体3.物流有哪几个机能？（输送，保管理，流通加工，包装，装卸，信息4.根据美国学者巴罗的划分，企业物流作业活动分为关键性活动和支持性活动，其分别包括哪些内容？关键性活动包括：客户服务标准，运输，库存管理，信息流动和订单处理，支持性活动包括：仓储，物料搬运，采购，保护性包装，与生产或动作部门合作，信息维护。

5.销售与动作规划（S&OP）工作包括哪些内容？新产品计划、需求计划、供给计划、财务计划6.拉式经营体制强调的重点？所谓拉式经营体制强调的是拉式，即将销售时点的信息同步地传输给商品策划、设计、生产以及在库地点，其形式表现为商品的生产、在库数量以及商品的具体事项等都是按照顾客的需求来决定的。

7.拉式经营体制的5R原则和“四流”各自是什么？5R原则：正确的价格，正确的商品，正确的操作成本，正确的时间，正确的地点四流是：商流，物流，信息流和资金流8.为什么要实施供应链运营整合？答：（1）实现高效益的客户服务（2）增强供需的平衡，减少波动。

（3）降低库存（4）使企业实现系统质量保证（5）使企业实现系统总成本最低。

其内容是指：由供应商、投入、流程、产出、客户所组成的大系统9.全面质量管理的关键是SIPOC,其内容是指什么？由供应商、投入、流程、产出、客户所组成的大系统10.什么是S&OP？其效用与实现要素有哪些？答：s＆op是一种业务管理流程；强调供应链的内部信息的分享；旨在通过加强供应链内部的合作，来实现产需平衡的目标11.什么是物流价值中的成本价值？12.第四方物流全程负责管理的典型链动作失误而产生的责任，一定是由第四方承担而不管实际的差错是哪个具体的参与方或企业造成的，这是第四方物流全程负责管理的典型特征。

物流与供应链管理复习题答案(新)

《物流与供应链管理》复习试卷新一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1、物流概念最早出现在（B ）A、英国B、美国C、法国D、德国2、物流概念最早出现在（ A ）P5A、军事B、后勤C、企业管理D、生产环节3、（ A ）阶段的目的是以最低的成本确保把产品有效地送达顾客。

P3A、产品物流阶段B、综合物流阶段C、供应链管理阶段D、现代物流阶段4、（ A ）是指以制造、生产和组装来增加产品的价值。

P10A、形态效用B、地点效用C、时间效用D、占用效用5、下列（ D ）不是包装在物流系统中所起的作用P213A、保护商品B、单元化C、方便流通及消费D、提高价格6、按包装在流通中的作用划分，包装可以分为（ A ）P227A、商业包装与运输包装B、专用包装与通用包装C、硬包装与软包装D、一次性包装与多次周转性包装7、从物流角度分析，软饮料的包装容器不宜采用(A)A、玻璃瓶B、铝合金罐C、复合纸盒D、塑料瓶8、按包装的通用性划分，包装可以分为（ B ）P227A、商业包装与运输包装B、专用包装与通用包装C、硬包装与软包装D、一次性包装与多次周转性包装9、（ C ）不是物流信息的质量要求。

P247A、信息的可用性B、信息的准确性C、信息的及时性D、交流方法的有效性10、产品物流系统的计划中（ D ）是“防御性”计划。

P303A、战略计划B、战术计划C、运作计划D、应急计划11、物流组织的构造有三个战略阶段，（ C ）强调把物流活动作为增值链来管理。

P327A、以过程为基础B、以市场为基础C、以渠道为基础D、以顾客为基础12、（ D ）指企业进行决策时应当充分考虑的各种形式的未来成本。

P364A、实际成本B、机会成本C、相关成本D、沉没成本13、（ A ）管理的目标是与有着相同市场的企业在产品、服务和工作流程等方面的绩效与实践进行比较。

P402A、竞争性标杆B、功能性标杆C、内部标杆D、一般性标杆二、填空题（每空1分，共24分）1、物流价值的发现分为三个阶段，它们是产品物流阶段、综合物流阶段、供应链管理阶段。

物流与供应链第11章练习题(含答案版)

一、单项选择题1. 物流绩效评估的系统性是指（B）A．定量分析与定性分析相结合B．评价指标体系涵盖实现物流系统目标所涉及的一切方面C．防止评价人员的倾向性D．评价所用材料准确可靠2.物流绩效评估的客观性是指（C）A．定量分析与定性分析相结合B．评价指标体系涵盖实现物流系统目标所涉及的一切方面C．防止评价人员的倾向性D．评价所用材料准确可靠3. 物流绩效评估的真实性是指（D）A．定量分析与定性分析相结合B．评价指标体系涵盖实现物流系统目标所涉及的一切方面C．防止评价人员的倾向性D．评价所用材料准确可靠4.通过物流绩效评估的结果分析来修正企业物流发展的战略目标的本质是（ A ）。

A. 优化市场定位B. 确定目标方向C. 理清现状D. 路径选择5. 交货能力是（ A ）。

A. 按客户要求的天数执行订单的百分比B. 完美订单率C. 收到订单的24小时内用库存发货的订单百分比D. 取决于库存水平6. 完美订单率是（ B ）。

A. 按客户要求的天数执行订单的百分比B. 满足全部交货要求的订单完成百分比C. 收到订单的24小时内用库存发货的订单百分比D. 取决于库存水平7.下面关于生产柔性的说法中正确的是（ B ）A. 上游企业所能承受的非计划的20%增产能力所需天数越长生产柔性越大 B. 下游企业在交货期30天前所能承受的订货减少百分比越大生产柔性越大C. 生产柔性越大供应链总成本越高D. 流水线式的生产方式生产柔性大8.库存周转天数是（ A ）。

A. 日均库存/日均销量B.日均销量/日均库存C.订货批量/日均销量D.日均销量/订货批量9. 与缺货率对应的物流管理内容是（ D ）。

A. 库存管理B. 成本管理C.运输管理D. 服务管理10. 与物流费率对应的物流管理内容是（ B ）。

A. 库存管理B. 成本管理C.运输管理D. 服务管理11. 平衡记分卡法中（ A ）是回答“我们如何取悦股东”的问题A. 财务维度B. 客户维度C.业务流程维度D. 学习与创新维度12. 客户满意度可以用（ B ）来量化A. 客户的投诉次数B. 客户的有效投诉次数C.装货等待时间D. 客户的重复投诉次数13.某企业的存货持有天数平均为10天，销售未收款天数平均为5天，采购未付款天数平均为12天，该企业的现金周转期为（ B ）天。

物流与供应链管理案例分析及答案

物流与供应链复习范围除第9章外，题目会涉及各章，其中第1章、第2章、第3章、第4章（重点是4.3节和4.5节，122-126页不考）、第5章、第7章、第11章是重点，要求上述所有知识点牢固掌握，包括图表。

其他章节原则上不出大题，一般只在选择题和判断题出现。

第9章不考一、名词解释（每小题3分，共15分）二、判断题（在括号内打“ ”或打“√”）（每小题1分，共15分）三、单选题(每小题1分，共20分)四、计算题（每题10分，共计20分）要求算出结果后，写明结论。

计算题来自第四章知识，必须掌握我在课堂上讲过的重心法和经济批量模型，计算题先必须列出公式，注明每个字母含义。

只要平时作业会做，计算题就没问题。

五、辨析题（10分）看图回答问题，参见模拟测试题要求熟练掌握第5章出现的装卸工具图片名称和性能，包括我发给你们的图片名称六、案例分析（20分，两题，每题10分）要求：充分运用所学知识，条理清晰，语句通顺。

每个案例答案都在百字以上。

考核两道题，其中一道题目是课堂上讲过的案例，另外一道没有讲过，但是讲过难度相当的案例，答案要求写出要点，只要大致意思对就可以。

名词解释：搬运装卸，物流管理，包装，检尺求积，流通加工合理化，敏捷供应链，采购物流，生产物流，销售物流，配送，逆向物流(广义和狭义)，传统物流，现代物流，第三方物流，供应链管理，快速反应，供应链合作关系精选案例案例一．书店的烦恼1999年10月，江西省新华书店、省外文书店和南昌市新华书店3家合并，组建了江西省新华书店联合有限公司。

如今江西省店已经与全省11个中心门店和部分县店建立了跨地区的直营连锁经营关系，与40余家符合条件的书店建立了加盟连锁关系，还有行业外的加盟店3个，初步建立了江西省新华书店系统连锁经营体系。

实施连锁经营后，江西省店的连锁门店的进货权被取消。

由于信息不畅通，总店的业务部门无法了解连锁门店的实际需求与销售动态，对所配发的图书品种是否对路、数量是否恰当都不太了解，只能凭臆想办事，造成销售量下降。

物流管理物流与供应链管理习题与答案

物流管理物流与供应链管理习题与答案文章标题：物流管理物流与供应链管理习题与答案物流管理是与供应链密不可分的，两者既有联系又有差异。

本文将从物流管理和供应链管理两个方向出发，为你介绍一些相关习题及答案，希望对你的学习有所帮助。

一、物流管理的习题与答案物流管理着重于管理与控制物流体系的各个环节，包括物流规划、物流运输、仓库管理、物流信息化等。

下面是一些物流管理的习题及答案：1. 仓库管理中，安全库存的作用是什么？答案：安全库存是指为了应对突发的需求变化、供货延期等风险，而保留的一定数量的库存。

它起到了保障生产和销售的正常进行的作用。

2. 为什么物流成本管理需要考虑整个供应链？答案：物流成本主要由运输成本、库存成本和订单成本组成，这些成本都与整个供应链的管理紧密相关。

只有全面考虑整个供应链的物流工作，提高供应链的效率和协同作用，才能实现物流成本的控制和降低。

3. 物流信息系统有哪些功能？答案：物流信息系统主要包括订单管理、仓储管理、运输管理、结算管理等功能。

它们通过信息化手段，实现了物流管理的自动化、规范化和科学化。

二、供应链管理的习题与答案供应链管理是从整体上策划、组织、实施和控制物流活动，以最小化总体成本、最大化客户价值和实现企业战略目标。

下面是一些供应链管理的习题及答案：1. 供应链风险管理的方法有哪些？答案：供应链风险管理主要包括风险评估、风险避免、风险转移、风险承担、风险管理和事故应对等。

一个综合的供应链风险管理计划应该覆盖以上多个层面。

2. 为什么供应链绩效评估需要兼顾成本、质量和时间的因素？答案：任何一个需要绩效评估的工作，都需要兼顾多个因素。

物流供应链绩效同样如此，成本、质量和时间是供应链管理者最应重视和兼顾的几个维度。

只有从多维度进行综合评估，才能真正对供应链绩效水平有一个全面、准确的评价。

3. 供应链整合的好处是什么？答案：供应链整合是指将供应链中的各个环节整合起来，实现信息流、物流和资金流的高效协同。

《供应链与物流管理》复习题及答案

《供应链与物流管理》（A）卷专业班级姓名学号一、单选题（每题的备选答案中只有一个最佳答案，每题2分，共30分）1、以下关于供应链设计的原则,不正确的是（）A．随机性B．协调性C．创造性D．战略性2.以下关于供应链管理的运营机制叙述中，不正确的是（）A．合作机制B．决策机制C．独立机制D．风险机制3.以下关于供应链的结构特性的叙述中，不正确的是（）A．动态性B．跨地域性C．交叉性D．确定性4.以下关于VMI的优点描述中，不正确的是（）A．共享信息B．加强合作C．提高服务水平D．兼顾全部业务5.以下关于订货成本的叙述中，正确的是（）A．保管成本B．补货成本C．变动成本D．缺货成本6．生产经营企业为集中精力搞好主业，把原来属于自己处理的物流活动，以合同方式委托给专业物流服务企业，同时通过信息系统与物流企业保持密切联系，以达到对物流全程管理控制的一种物理运作与管理方式为( )A．第一方物流B．第二方物流C．第三方物流D．第四方物流7．下列关于绿色物流描述错误的是（）A．在物流过程中抑制物流对环境造成危害B．实现对物流环境的净化C．使物流资源得到循环利用D．最终目标是可持续发展8．下列关于外包描述正确的是（）A．企业将一些自己不擅长或运作不经济的业务外包出去B．外包服务一般意味着质量低下C．外包需要价格更高D．很少公司需要外包服务9．下列描述正确的是（）A．流通加工是指产品已经离开生产领域，进入消费的过程中，为了销售和方便顾客而进行的加工。

B．冷链物流泛指冷藏冷冻类食品在生产，贮藏运输，销售到消费后的各个环节中始终处。

C．逆向物流包括回收物流和废弃物物流，是与传统供应链反向的计划，管理和控制过程。

D．采购半径是指核心供应商离采购方指定到货地点的最短距离。

10．下列关于供应链管理的目标和理念说法正确的是（）A．面向商家的理念B．一超多强的理念C．管理手段和技术现代化D．成本压缩的理念11．纵向一体化管理模式的局限性不包括（）A．在每个业务领域都直接面临众多的竞争对手B．承担丧失市场时机的业务活动C．企业能够从事擅长的业务活动D．增加企业投资负担12．下列关于供应链与物流的关系描述正确的是A．供应链不是对物流概念的扩展，供应链与企业的业务无关B．物流是供应链的载体，具体形态或表现形式。