软件工程基础教程(英文版)
软件工程复习(英文)
1.Which question no longer concerns the modern softwareengineer? （a）现如今的软件工程师不再考虑以下哪个问题？a. Why does computer hardware cost so much? 计算机硬件为什么如此昂贵b。
Why does software take a long time to finish？c。
Why does it cost so much to develop a piece of software？d. Why can’t software errors be removed from productsprior to delivery？2.Software deteriorates rather than wears out because（c）软件通常是变坏而不是磨损的原因是a。
Software suffers from exposure to hostile environmentsb。
Defects are more likely to arise after software has been used oftenc. Multiple change requests introduce errors in component interactions在组件交互中需求发生变化导致错误d. Software spare parts become harder to order3.Most software continues to be custom built because(d）大多数软件产品是定制的原因是a。
Component reuse is common in the software worldb. Reusable components are too expensive to usec. Software is easier to build without using someone else’s components.d. Off the shelf software components are not commonly available 现成的软件组件不常用4.The nature of software applications can be characterized by their information（d)软件应用的本质可以被特色化，通过他们信息的a. complexityb。
软件工程(双语)3.1
SC图中模块调用关系的表示
数据字典（DD）
对软件中的每个数据规定一个定义条目。
加工说明（PSPEC）
对数据流图中出现的每个加工/处理的功能描述 主要工具：结构化语言，判定树或判定表
1. 概述 --SD模型的组成与描述
•包含数据设计、体 系结构设计、接口 设计与过程设计。
•体系结构设计是用 来确定软件结构的， 其描述工具为结构 图，简称SC图。
结构化分析与设计最初系由结构化程序设计扩展而来
瀑布模型的首次实践 SA与SD的流程
结构化分析（工具：DFD、PSPEC） 分析模型（分层DFD图） + SRS
结构化设计（工具：SC图） 映射 初始设计模型（初始SC图） 初始设计模型（初始SC图） 优化 最终设计模型（最终SC图）
数据对象说明 E-R图 DD
加工说明 DFD图
STD图
控制说明 （CSPEC）
结构化分析模型的描述工具
数据流图（DFD）
指明数据在系统中移动时如何被变换，描述对数据流进行变 换的功能和子功能。
组成符号
圆框代表加工； 箭头代表数据的流向，数据名称总是标在箭头的边上； 方框表示数据的源点和终点； 双杠（或单杠）表示数据文件或数据库
第三章 结构化分析与设计
概述 结构化系统分析 结构化系统设计 模块化设计
1. 概述 --结构化分析与设计的由来
结构化分析与设计最初系由结构化程序设计扩展而来
瀑布模型的首次实践 SA与SD的流程
结构化分析（工具：DFD、PSPEC） 分析模型（分层DFD图） + SRS
基本任务与指导思想
结构化分析
建立分析模型 编写需求说明
计算机专业英语第三版教学课件Unit5 Software Engineering
布朗先生：您好！中华计算机公司。我能为您做些什么？
Linda: Hello, Mr. Brown. It is Linda. Got a minute?
琳达：您好，布朗先生。我是琳达。您有时间吗？
Mr. Brown: I see your point. If we have to spend more time on developing the second version, we’ll have to adjust the schedule. People need to know that we have adjusted the project development plan as soon as possible. Do you want me to call the project manager?
Look and Learn Dialogue Reading Learn More New Words and Phrases
A software development project organization.
Lesson 14
Unit 5
Look and Learn Dialogue Reading Learn More New Words and Phrases
Mr. Brown: Yes.We planned to put the two versions in the same development process. Well, what kind of problem are you having now?
布朗先生：是的。我们计划在同一个开发过程中投入两个版本。那您现在遇到什么问题了？
软件工程介绍--英文版
Topics covered
FAQs about software engineering Professional and ethical responsibility
Engineering) What are the attributes of good software? What are the key challenges facing software
engineering?
What is software?
Computer programs and associated documentation such as requirements, design models and user manuals.
Software products may be developed for a particular customer or may be developed for a general market.
Software products may be
• Generic - developed to be sold to a range of different customers e.g. PC software such as Excel or Word.
FAQs about software engineering
What are the costs of software engineering? What are software engineering methods? What is CASE (Computer-Aided Software
软件工程(双语)(最全)word资料
软件工程(双语)(最全)word资料软件工程（双语）Software Engineering课程编号：B0301101S学分： 3开课学院：计算机学院课内学时：48课程类别：专业基础课课程性质：必修一、课程的性质和目的Curriculum nature：The course is professional required course of Software Engineering Major.Object：The Software Engineering is the basis course of computer and related sciences. It is an engineering discipline where software engineers use methods and theory from computer science and apply it cost-effectively to solve difficult problems. This course presents a broad perspective on software engineering, such as software lifecycle, qualities of software, design, specification and verification of software, programming environments and tools, structural oriented programming and object oriented programming. Furthermore, the quality management, process improvement, software change, configuration management are also discussed.二、课程教学内容及基本要求（一）课程教学内容及知识模块顺序KNOWLEDGE UNIT 1: INTRO TO SOFTWARE ENGINEERING (2h)(1)Knowledge point 1 The Evolving Role of Software(2)Knowledge point 2 The Nature of Software(3)Knowledge point 3 Legacy SoftwareBasic requirement: Understand the basic conception of software engineering, master the Nature of software, master the definition of software engineering.KNOWLEDGE UNIT 2: A GENERIC VIEW OF PROCESS (4h)(1)Knowledge point 1 A Layered Technology(2)Knowledge point 2 A Process Framework(3)Knowledge point 3 The Capability Maturity Model IntegrationBasic requirement: Understand the conception of software processes, master the basic processes of software analyze,design, implement and test, understand the definition of CMMI.KNOWLEDGE UNIT 3: PROCESS MODELS (2h)(1)Knowledge point 1 Prescriptive Models(2)Knowledge point 2 Waterfall Model(3)Knowledge point 3 Incremental Process, Evolutionary Process(4)Knowledge point 4 Unified Process, Agile ProcessBasic requirement: Understand the various process models, such as waterfall model, Unified Process and Agile Process.KNOWLEDGE UNIT 4: REQUIREMENTS ENGINEERING (4h)(1)Knowledge point 1 Bridge to Design and Construction(2)Knowledge point 2 Requirements Engineering Tasks(3)Knowledge point 3 Initiating the Requirements Engineering Process(4)Knowledge point 4 Eliciting RequirementsBasic requirement: Master the steps of requirements engineering process, understand the role of abridge to design.KNOWLEDGE UNIT 5: THE ANAL YSIS MODEL (6h)(1)Knowledge point 1 Requirements Analysis Modeling(2)Knowledge point 2 Data, functional and Behavioral(3)Knowledge point 3 Flow-Oriented Modeling(4)Knowledge point 4 Object-Oriented ModelingBasic requirement: Master the conception and method of requirement analyze, understand the user requirement and system requirement, master the main content of Flow-Oriented and Object-Oriented Modeling.KNOWLEDGE UNIT 6: DESIGN ENGINEERING (4h)(1)Knowledge point 1 Design Process and Design Quality(2)Knowledge point 2 Design Concepts(3)Knowledge point 3 Design Model(4)Knowledge point 4 Design PatternBasic requirement: Master the steps of design engineering process, understand the role of a bridge to construction, understand the conception of design pattern.KNOWLEDGE UNIT 7: ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN (4h)(1)Knowledge point 1 Software Architecture(2)Knowledge point 2 Data Design(3)Knowledge point 3 Architectural Design(4)Knowledge point 4 Mapping Data Flow into a Software ArchitectureBasic requirement: Master the Structural Design method, including data flow diagram, data dictionary, and control models, understand the software design specification.KNOWLEDGE UNIT 8: COMPONENT-LEVEL DESIGN (6h)(1)Knowledge point 1 Designing Class-Based Components(2)Knowledge point 2 Conducting Component-Level Design(3)Knowledge point 3 Designing Conventional ComponentsBasic requirement: Understand the conception of components, Master the modular decomposition KNOWLEDGE UNIT 9: TESTING STRA TEGIES (4h)(1)Knowledge point 1 Software Testing Strategic(2)Knowledge point 2 Test Strategies for Conventional Software(3)Knowledge point 3 Test Strategies for Object-Oriented Software(4)Knowledge point 4 Validation Testing(5)Knowledge point 5 System TestingBasic requirement: Understand the basic definition of verification and validation, Master the steps of software testing process, Master the conventional software test strategies, understand the Object-Oriented Software test strategies.KNOWLEDGE UNIT 10: TESTING TACTICS (6h)(1)Knowledge point 1 Software Testing Fundamentals(2)Knowledge point 2 Black-Box and White-Box Testing(3)Knowledge point 3 Object-Oriented Testing MethodsBasic requirement: Understand the basis of software testing fundamentals, master the main contents of unit testing and integration testing, master the design of black-box and white-box testing. KNOWLEDGE UNIT 11: QUALITY MANAGEMENT (2h)(1)Knowledge point 1 Software Quality(2)Knowledge point 2 Software Quality Assurance(3)Knowledge point 3Software ReliabilityBasic requirement: Understand the definition of software Quality Management, master the basic method of software quality control.KNOWLEDGE UNIT 12: CHANGE MANAGEMENT (4h)(1)Knowledge point 1 Software Configuration Management(2)Knowledge point 2 SCM Process(3)Knowledge point 3 Version ControlBasic requirement: Understand the basic requirements of software change, understand the definition of software configuration management, master the version control.（二）课程的重点、难点及解决办法Curriculum focuses on the establishment of the basis theory of software engineering，and it is difficulty to design a suitable practical activity for the most students in software development process, making it better able to establish the basic theory and methods of software engineering. Therefore, students are organized in small groups as a unit. Teachers and students jointly build a development issue, gradually expand the development of practice activities, and use classroom-style assessment. The teach model can initiative to mobilize the students as possible.三、实验实践环节及基本要求1．实验实践教学环节在本课程中的作用及要求（实验教学大纲单独编写）The experimental practices of this course need to complete the software development process the main part of the three major activities and a supporting framework, including requirements analysis, software design, unit test and software configuration management. These experiments content is all software development activities have to be resolved, can be well reflected in software engineering theory, software development process needs of the technology practice.2．实验项目(具体要求见实验教学大纲)Experiment 1: Designing and Writing Software Requirements Specification (2h)Experiment 2: Designing and Writing Software Design Specification (2h)Experiment 3: Software Unit Testing (2h)Experiment 4: Software Configuration management (2h)四、本课程与其它课程的联系与分工The prep course of this course is data structure. This course is a follow-up to other professional courses on the basis of software engineering major.五、对学生能力培养的要求Through the course of study, students can establish the basic theories and methods of software engineering, master a certain requirement analysis, software design, development and testing capabilities, and master the basic theory of teamwork developed.六、课程学时分配Total 48 hours, including lectures 40 hours, experiments 8 hours. The main contents and distribution of course see the course hour’s allocation table.七、建议教材和教学参考书目1．教材《Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach(英文精编版，第6版)》, Roger S. Pressman, 机械工业出版社,20202．主要参考书[1]《Software Engineering (8th Edition)》，Ian Sommerville，机械工业出版社，2020.[2]《软件工程（第8版）》，程成，陈霞，机械工业出版社，2020.[3]《软件工程：实践者的研究方法（本科教学版）》Roger S. Pressman，机械工业出版社，2020八、课程考核The course use close examination pattern. The academic performance mainly results from the final examination and the usual performance, which accounted for 70% of the final examination, usually performance accounted for 30%. Usually performance is mainly decided by working projects of the courses, supplemented by after-school work and attendance.九、说明In the teaching process, it is need to the divided students into a group of 3-6 people. They need to complete a software development project collaboratively with courses progress.执笔人：宗平审核人：陈志教学院长：孙力娟编写完成时间：2009年10月20日软件工程专业介绍培养目标：本专业培养适应社会发展需求，德、智、体、美全面发展，具有扎实的计算机应用理论和知识基础，掌握软件工程领域的前沿技术和软件开发方法，具有较强的实践能力和创新精神，具备较强的软件项目的系统分析、设计、开发和测试能力，能够按照工程化的原则和方法从事软件项目开发和管理的应用型人才。
软工学习资料推荐
软工学习资料推荐软件工程（Software Engineering）是一门研究和应用如何以系统化和规范化的方法去构建、运行、维护和管理软件的学科。
对于软件工程学习者来说，掌握优质的学习资料是非常重要的，它们可以帮助我们深入了解软件工程的理论和实践，提升我们的编程能力和项目管理技巧。
本文将向广大软工学习者推荐一些值得阅读的软工学习资料。
一、软件工程导论1. 《软件工程导论》（Introduction to Software Engineering）- Ian Sommerville这本书是软件工程学习的经典教材，已经成为了许多大学软工专业的教材之一。
作者通过清晰简洁的语言，详细介绍了软件工程的各个方面，包括软件开发过程、需求分析、软件设计、软件测试等。
它不仅适合软件工程专业的学生，也适合其他对软工感兴趣的读者。
2. 《软件工程：实践者的研究方法》（Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach）- Roger S. PressmanPressman的这本书是软件工程领域的经典著作之一，对软件开发的整个过程进行了深入的介绍和剖析。
书中包含丰富的案例和实践经验，让读者能够更好地理解软件工程中的实际问题和解决方法。
二、软件需求工程1. 《软件需求工程》（Software Requirements Engineering）- Karl Wiegers、Joy Beatty这本书主要介绍了软件需求工程的理论和实践。
作者通过大量的示例和案例，详细讲解了如何正确地进行需求分析和需求管理，以及如何定义和验证软件需求。
对于从事软件需求工程的工程师和项目经理而言，这本书是一本不可或缺的好资料。
2. 《需求工程：基础》（Requirements Engineering: Fundamentals）- Klaus Pohl、Chris Rupp本书系统地介绍了需求工程的基本概念和方法，帮助读者全面理解需求工程的整个过程。
软件工程双语 讲义 大纲模式
《软件工程（双语）》参考教材：《Software engineering》8th Edition Ian Sommervile，Pearson Education, 机械工业出版社，2006参考书目:1、Software Engineering Theory and Practice(Second Edition影印版), Shari Lawrence Pfleeger，Pearson Education, 20012、《软件工程》第四版张海藩清华大学出版社，20073、软件工程，王忠群主编中国科学技术大学出版社 2009-11-14、Software engineering : a practitioner's approach / Roger S. Pressman. 6th ed. Pressman, Roger S. China Machine Press, 2008说明:斜体部分是可选讲授内容, 带星号的习题为可选。
Chapter 1(1) Introduction●Getting started with software engineering1.1Objectives1.To introduce software engineering and to explain its importance2.To set out the answers to key questions about software engineering3.To introduce ethical and professional issues and to explain why they are of concern tosoftware engineers1.2Topics covered1.FAQs about software engineering2.Professional and ethical responsibility1.3Importance of Software engineering●The economies of ALL developed nations are dependent on software.●More and more systems are software controlled●Expenditure on software represents a significant fraction of GNP (gross National product) inall developed countries.( GNP与GDP的关系是：GNP等于GDP加上本国投在国外的资本和劳务的收入再减去外国投在本国的资本和劳务的收入。
Unit 4-计算机专业英语(第2版)-邱晓红-清华大学出版社
Unit Four Software Engineering 软件过程Text A Software processes软件过程A software process is a set of activities that leads to the production of a software product.一个软件过程是一组引发软件产品生产的活动。
These activities may involve the development of software from scratch in a standard programming language like Java or C.这些活动刻画了软件使用像Java或C这样的标准编程语言从头开始的一步步的开发过程。
Increasingly, however,new software is developed by extending and modifying existing systems and by configuring and integrating off-the-shelf software or system components.然而，现在越来越多的软件是通过在旧软件基础上修改或通过配置和集成现成软件或系统组件而形成。
Software processes are complex and, like all intellectual and creative processes, rely on people making decisions and judgements.软件过程是复杂的，像所有智力过程一样，它依赖于人的判断。
Because of the need for judgement and creativity, attempts to automate software processes have met with limited success.因而需要判断和创造力，软件过程自动化的尝试只获得了有限的成功。
软件工程专业英语-Main Memory Database
Concept Check
• What is a Main Memory database? • Describe the Differences between Main Memory database and disk resident
database. • How many features do MMDBs have?
• In MMDBMSs the situation is different: Since data is guaranteed to stay present in main memory, index structures and all the other parts of the database do not need to consider disk access and can be tuned for low computational cost.
软件我工们程毕专业业啦英语
SOFTWARE E其N实是G答IN辩的E标E题R地I方NG ESSENTIALS
CHPTER 3 MAIN MEMORY DATABASES
3.1 An Overview of Main Memory Databases 3.2 The Evolution of Main Memory Databases 3.3 The Key Technology of Main Memory Database SUMMARY
3.1.3 Features of Main Memory Databases
The main memory database has many excellent features, and some important ones are listed as follows: • High throughput rate and low access delay • Excellent parallel processing power • High hardware dependencies
(完整)软件工程专业英语
软件工程英语文档：Documents软件工具：Software Tools工具箱：Tool Box集成工具：Integrated Tool软件工程环境：Software Engineering Environment传统：Conventional经典：Classical解空间：Solution Domain问题空间：Problem Domain清晰第一，效率第二Clarity the first，Efficiency the next。
设计先于编码Design before coding使程序的结构适合于问题的结构Make the program fit the problem开发伴随复用，开发为了复用Development with reuse, Development for reuse。
靠度量来管理:Management by Measurement软件度量学：Software Metrics软件经济学：Software Economics软件计划WHY软件分析WHAT软件实现HOW软件生存周期过程的开发标准Standard for Developing Software Life Cycle Process软件开发模型:Software Development Model编码员：Coder瀑布模型：Waterfall Model快速原型模型:Rapid Prototype Model 增量模型:Incremental Model线性思维：Linear Thinking演化模型：Evolutionary Model螺旋模型：Spiral Model对象：Object类：Class继承：Inheritance聚集:Aggregation消息：Message面向对象＝对象Object+分类Classification+继承Inheritance+消息通信Communication with Messages 构件集成模型：Component Integration Model转换模型：Transformational Model净室软件工程:Cleanroom Software Engineering净室模型：Cleanroom Model软件需求规格说明书：Software Requirement Specification ，SRS分析模型：Analysis Model便利的应用规约技术：Facilitated Application Specification Techniques ,FAST结构化语言：Structured Language判定树：Decision Tree基数：Cardinality事件轨迹：Event Trace对象－关系Object—Relationsship结构化分析:SA（Structured Analysis）由顶向下，逐步细化Top-Down Stepwise Refinement面向对象分析：Object-Oriented Analysis包含：Contains临近：Is Next To传到：Transmits to来自:Acquires from管理:Manages 控制:Controls组成:Is Composed of细化：Refinement抽象：Abstraction模块:Module策略：Strategy信息隐藏:Information Hiding数据封装：Data Encapsulation抽象数据类型：Abstract Data type模块化设计：Modular Design分解：Decomposition模块性：Modularity单模块软件：Monolithic Software模块独立性：Module Independence内聚：Cohesion偶然性内聚:Coincidental Cohesion逻辑性内聚：Logical Cohesion时间性内聚：Temporal Cohesion过程性内聚： Procedural Cohesion通信性内聚：Communicational Cohesion顺序性内聚：Sequential Cohesion功能性内聚:Functional Cohesion非直接偶合:No Direct Coupling数据偶合：Data Coupling特征偶合:Stamp Coupling控制偶合:Control Coupling外部偶合:External Coupling公共偶合：Common Coupling内容偶合： Content Coupling由底向上设计：Bottom-Up Design自顶向下设计：Top-Down Design正式复审：Formal Review非正式复审：Informal Review走查，排练：Walk-Through会审：Inspection映射:Mapping传入路径：Afferent path传出路径：Efferent path变换中心：Transform Center接受路径：Reception path动作路径:Action path事务中心:Transaction Center分支分解：Factoring of Brandches瓮形：oval-shaped一个模块的控制域：Scope of Control 一个模块的作用域：Scope of Effect 结构化程序设计：Structured Programming通心面程序:Bowl of Spaghetti流程图：Flow Diagram编码:Coding方框图：Block DiagramPDL （Pidgin）：Program Design Language伪代码：Pseudo CodeJSD:Jackson System Development对象建模技术：Object Modeling Technique基础设施:Infrastructure控制线程：Thread of Control保护者对象:Guardian Object协议：protocolUML：Unified Modeling Language OMG：Object Management Group统一方法:Unified Method关联:Association泛化:Generalization依赖：Dependency结点：Node接口：Interface包：Package注释： Note特化：Specialization元元模型：Meta—Meta Model用户模型：User Model静态图:Static Diagram动态图：Dynamic Diagram用例视图：Use Case View逻辑视图:Logical View并发视图：Concurrent View构件视图:Component View实现模型视图：Implementation Model View部署视图：Deployment View航向：Navigability重数：Multiplicity共享聚集：Shared Aggregation组合：Composition泛化：Generalization简单消息：Simple Message同步消息：Synchronous Message异步消息:Asynchronous Message事件说明：Event_Signature守卫条件:Guard_Condition动作表达式：Action_Expression 发送子句：Send_Clause时序图：Sequence Diagram协作图：Collaboration Diagram前缀:Predecessor循环子句：Iteration-Clause活动图：Activity Diagram构件图：Component Diagram配置图：Deployment Diagram建模过程指导(RUP）：Rational Unified Process可执行代码:Executalbe Codes实现：Implementation编码风格：Coding Style标准：Classical控制流的直线性：Linearity of Control Flow程序风格设计要素：先求正确后求快 Make it right before you make it faster.先求清楚后求快 Make it clear before you make it faster.求快不忘保持程序正确 Keep it right when you make it faster.保持程序简单以求快 Keep it simpleto make it faster。
软件工程复习资料英文
Lecture 1 An Introduction to Software Engineering1 what does software engineering concern?1) Software engineering is concerned with theories, methods and tools for professionalsoftware development.2) Software engineering is concerned with cost-effective software development.2 What is software?Software includes:①computer programs②data structures③documents3 What is the two types of software productsGeneric software(通用软件) and custom software（定制软件）4 The three key elements of a successful software project are:on time, within budget, satisfies the user’s needs5 Generic activities in all software processes are:Specification（描述）, Development（开发）, Validation（有效性验证）, Evolution（进化）6 The attributes of good software include:Maintainability（可维护性）, Dependability（可依赖性）, Efficiency（有效性）, Acceptability（可接受性）Lecture 2 Software Processes1 What is a software process modelA software process model is an abstract representation of a software process. It presents a description of a process from some particular perspective.2 Draw the graphic presentation of Waterfall model and describe its character.1）这种模型把软件过程划分成几个顺序的阶段。
软件工程介绍--英文版 共32页
©Ian Sommerville 2006
Software Engineering, 8th edition. Chapter 1
Slide 6
FAQs about software engineering
What are the costs of software engineering? What are software engineering methods? What is CASE (Computer-Aided Software
Slide 7
What is software?
Computer programs and associated documentation such as requirements, design models and user manuals.
Software products may be developed for a particular customer or may be developed for a general market.
©Ian Sommerville 2006
Software Engineering, 8th edition. Chapare engineering
The economies of ALL developed nations are dependent on software.
Engineering) What are the attributes of good software? What are the key challenges facing software
engineering?
©Ian Sommerville 2006
软件工程专业英文介绍
软件工程专业英文介绍Software engineering is a discipline that combines principles of computer science, engineering, and project management to develop high-quality software systems. 软件工程是一门结合计算机科学、工程学和项目管理原则的学科，旨在开发高质量的软件系统。
One of the primary objectives of software engineering is to ensure that software products are delivered on time, within budget, and meet the requirements of the end users. 软件工程的一个主要目标是确保软件产品能够按时交付、在预算内完成，并满足最终用户的需求。
Software engineers play a crucial role in designing, developing, testing, and maintaining software applications. 软件工程师在设计、开发、测试和维护软件应用程序方面发挥着关键作用。
They must have a deep understanding of programming languages, algorithms, data structures, and software design principles. 他们必须对编程语言、算法、数据结构和软件设计原则有深刻的了解。
In addition, software engineers must possess good communication skills to collaborate with other team members, stakeholders, and clients. 此外，在与团队成员、利益相关者和客户合作时，软件工程师必须具备良好的沟通技巧。
软件工程 双语课程 第九章
9.5 ACCEPTANCE TESTING
Purpose and Roles(目标与任务)
The purpose of acceptance testing is to enable the customers and users to determine if the system we built really meets their needs and expectations. Thus, acceptance tests are written, conducted(实施的), and evaluated by the customers, with assistance(协 助) from the developers only when the customer requests an answer to a technical question.
Describe how system testing differs from unit and integration testing. Classify tests as function testing, performance(性能) testing, acceptance testing or installation testing. Understand the purposes and roles of function testing, performance testing, acceptance testing, and installation testing. Define software reliability(可靠性), maintainability and availability(可用性，有效 性). Describe different techniques for measuring reliability, maintainability and availability. List the different types of test documentation and know what items belong in test documentation. Understand the special problems associated(相关的,结合的) with testing safetycritical(临界的,决定性的) systems. Describe the principles(原理) of Cleanroom(净室) and how it differs from conventional(常规的) testing.
软件工程英文教程(1)
Slide 12
Give Users what They Want
Not only build the system right but also build the right system
Slide 13
Challenges in Build the Right Systems
Lack of relevance to the objectives of the project; or the lack of terms of reference for the project Lack of clarity in the description of a domain Stakeholders and analysts taking certain knowledge for granted and failing to ensure that there is common understanding Ambiguity and/or uncertainty among the users about what they need from a software system
Slide 17
Systems Development Methodology
- realisation of Systems Thinking
3 mainstreams methodologies
Structure methodology
Waterfall
Rapid Application Development (RAD) methodology
Requirements
What the customer wants
Specifications
软工参考书籍推荐
软工参考书籍推荐在软件工程领域，正确的参考书籍可以帮助开发者们深入了解软件开发的基本原理和方法，提高软件开发的效率和质量。
下面是对一些优秀的软工参考书籍的推荐。
1. 《软件工程导论》（Introduction to Software Engineering）作者：Ian Sommerville这本书作为软工领域的经典教材，系统性地介绍了软件工程的基本原理和方法。
内容涵盖了软件开发的各个阶段，包括需求分析、设计、测试、维护等，适合作为软工入门的参考书。
2. 《软件工程：现代方法》（Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach）作者：Roger S. Pressman这本书是软件工程领域的权威教材之一，强调了软件开发的实践方法。
书中涉及了软件生命周期、项目管理、需求工程、软件设计与构建、测试和维护等内容，并提供了大量的案例和实践经验。
3. 《代码大全》（Code Complete）作者：Steve McConnell这本书主要关注软件开发的编码阶段，介绍了编写高质量代码的原则和技巧。
通过深入讲解代码的编写风格、设计技巧和调试经验，帮助软件开发者提高代码质量和开发效率。
4. 《重构——改善既有代码的设计》（Refactoring: Improving the Design of Existing Code）作者：Martin Fowler这本书介绍了如何通过重构的方式改善既有代码的设计和可维护性。
通过实践案例和示例代码，读者可以学习到如何进行代码重构、识别代码坏味道，并实现代码的优化和重构。
5. 《人月神话》（The Mythical Man-Month）作者：Frederick P. Brooks Jr.这本书是软件工程领域的经典之作，对软件项目管理和团队协作提出了一些重要观点。
通过对大型软件项目的分析，作者讨论了人力资源管理、进度控制、软件工程中的常见问题等，对软件开发项目的管理具有重要的启示意义。
软件工程英文教程(4)
Dr L. Sun©
Slide 2
Class Diagrams
Purpose
To illustrate the static design view of a system
To model the vocabulary of a system
identify only the important aspects in an application domain specify these abstractions and their relationships
Generalisations
relationship between a general thing (superclass or parent) and a more specific kind of that thing (subclass of child) the child will inherit all the structure and behaviour of the parent
Use the textual description of the problem situation Picking all the nouns and noun phrases out of the textual description of the problem situation Discard candidate which are inappropriate for the following reasons
Compositions
a variation of aggregations a strong lifecycle association between those classes
软件工程英文教程(3)
(departments) via a message passing
Slide 10
Notations of Activity Diagrams
An activity
⇒ … consists of a set of actions
⇒ … labelled by its name
Update payment
Modelling High-Level Behaviour in Processes
- Developing Activity (flow of events) Diagrams
Dr Lily Sun 2011/2012
Slide 1
Learning Objectives
To appreciate the role of modelling activities in relation to high-level behaviour of a software system To establish views on how a use case behaves through flows of activities in the process To model such flows of activities in Activity Diagrams To apply the principles and style guide of Activity Diagrams while analyse and document the requirements for high-level behaviour which in turn will guide a construction of the information models and technical workflows
云南大学《软件工程》软件工程教学大纲09版英文.docx
The Syllabus of Software EngineeringOne: The Basic Information of Curriculum1 . Course Name(Chinese/English):软件工程/Software Engineering2.Nature of the curriculum : Professional Required3.Week hours/Credit: 3/34.Students : The Major of Software Engineering and of Digital Media Technology5.The Use of Textbook: Ian Sommerville, Software Engineering (8th Edition) [M] f Addison-Wesley (机械工业出版社影印),2008Two: CurriculumSoftware engineering, a subject of developing large-scale software systems, is on theory of engineering, methods and technologies. It plays a key role in the field of computer science. It，s a required course for the major of software engineering, including overview, software requirements, software design f software development, software verification, software validation and software management. The aims of this course are to enable students to study and master the basic principles, methods, techniques, processes, tools and management of software development and software maintenance. What is more, to enable students to engage in the analysis, design, implementation and maintenance of software system for further study in software engineering.Three: Teaching Objective and Basic RequirementsThe aims of this course are to enable students to study and master the basic principles, methods, techniques, processes, tools and management of software development and software maintenance. What is more, to enable students to engage in the analysis, design, implementation and maintenance of software system for further study in software engineering.Before study of this course, students should learn about the following courses: Data Structure , Object-oriented Programming 9 Database Theory and Application 9 Operating System and so on. The focuses of this course are requirements analysis, software design, software development and software testing. Difficulties include: requirements analysis, software design and software testing.Four: Teaching ScheduleChapters Subjects Teaching hours Chapter 1Overview 6 hoursChapter 2Requirements 12 hoursChapter 3Design 12 hoursMid-term exam 2 hours Chapter 4Development 6 hoursChapter 5Verification and Validation 10 hoursChapter 6Management 6 hoursSum54 hours Five: The Methods of Assessment and PerformanceEvaluation1. The method of Assessment: Course work, Mid-term exam, and Usually Performance.2. The method of Performance Evaluation :Usually Performance ( 10% ) : Homework and attendance etc.The Mid-term Exam in English ( 20% )Practice Performance (Chapter practice 20% + Course Work based on CDIO principles 50%)Six: Summary of ContentsChapter 1: Overview (6 hours)Instructional objectiveMake students understand basic concepts of system engineering, factors of system engineering impact on software engineering, basic elements of socio-technical systems, software processes, software process models and project management.Instructional PointsTo describe the background of software engineering from the history of software, introduce the definition of software, its characteristics and categories, emphasize on software crisis, the definition of software engineering and its objectives. The purpose of software engineering is to make students realize what is software engineering and why is it so important for students. To show the basic concepts of software, software engineering, software lifecycle and software development models: These models include waterfall model, the fourth generation technology model, object-oriented and component model and hybrid model.Instructional difficultiesWhy is it important to consider system environment during the process of system design? What are system engineering processes, acquired processes, software requirements engineering, software development, software testing and software process evolution models. There are different software process models and when we use them. It needs to realize prototype model and spiral model in software development.Main teaching methods1- Use of bilingual multi-media teaching, use software engineering standard on Internet as much as possible, and discuss with students, also combine instruction in class with Internet searching out of class.2. Teaching with actual cases of software engineering, especially international cases.Section 1・ Overview1.1.1FAQs about software engineering1.L2 Professional and ethical responsibilitySection 2・ Socio-technical systems1.2.1Emergent system properties1.2.2Systems engineering1.2.3Organizations, people and computer systems1.2.4Legacy systemsSection 3・ Software processes131 Software process models1.3.2Process iteration1.3.3Process activities1.3.4The Rational Unified ProcessL3.5 Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE)Section 4.Project management1.4.1Management activities142Project planning143Project scheduling1.4.4Risk managementBasic conceptsSoftware, Software engineering, Software crisis, Software standardization, Systems engineering, Software process, Software process model, Project managementThinking questions: see textbookChapter 2. Software Requirements ( 12 hours ) Instructional objectiveTo make students realize the concepts of system requirements and how to describe them. To make students understand the concepts of user requirements, system requirements, the reasons that these requirements are described in many ways and the differences between functional and non-functional requirements. System requirements can be described by structured-natural language and programming language. Discuss to the process of generic requirements engineering and a series of system models which are developed in requirements engineering. To know the importance of context models, the concepts of behavior model, data model and object model. To know how CASE platform supports system modeling.Instructional pointsWhy requirements management is necessary and how it supports other activities of requirement engineering. To realize the main activities of requirement engineering and the relationships between them, as well as the tasks of requirements analysis, the steps of requirements analysis, the principles of requirements analysis, the methods of requirements analysis, the specifications of requirements analysis and the review of requirementsspecification. It needs to know the technologies of requirements elicitation and requirements analysis. It also needs to know the importance of requirements validation and how to review requirements. To realize the importance of prototype model in different kinds of project development .When teaching, it needs to instruct concrete cases of requirements analysis.Instructional difficultiesMake students master how to organize requirements in software requirement documents and various latest methods of requirement analysis. To use the symbols defined in UML to develop different system models and the effective methods for user interface design and development. To understand rapid prototyping model, evolution model and disposable prototype model. Also, to understand the three technologies, namely four-generation language, database programming and component reuse.Main teaching methodse of bilingual multi-media teaching, use resources on Internet as much as possible, and discuss with students, also combine instruction in class with students' self-study out of class.2.Accumulating cases relevant to software engineering requirement analysis, teaching with concrete cases.Section 1・ Software requirements2.1.1Functional and non-functional requirements2.1.2User requirements2.1.3System requirements2.1.4Interface specification2.1.5The software requirements documentSection 2・ Requirements engineering processes221 Feasibility studies2.2.2Requirements elicitation and analysis2.2.3Requirements validation224 Requirements managementSection 3・ System models2.3.1Context models232 Behavioral models2.3.3Data models2.3.4Object models235 Structured methodsBasic concepts of this chapterSoftware requirement, Requirement engineering, System models, Context models, Behavioral models, Data models, Object models, Software prototyping, Rapid prototyping, User interface prototypingThinking questions: See textbookChapter 3 Design ( 12 hours )Instructional objectivesTo realize the concepts of software architecture and software architecture design. Also, to realize the importance of software architecture design. To understand the models of software architecture design and a set of different software architecture, covering architectural design,controlling and modular decomposing. Also, to understand the merits and shortcomings of distributed architectural design r the methods of developing client-server architectures, the differences between client-server architectures and distributed architectures, the concepts of ORBs and the principles of CORBA. To realize basic concepts and characteristics of object oriented. To analyze and design object-oriented cases using the method of object-oriented analysis and design.Instructional pointsThe concepts, principles, steps, methods, design specification, evaluation of software design. Teaching with concrete cases for understanding the concepts of architectural design of large system, object-oriented design, object-oriented design methods, program component, interface and detail design.Instructional difficultiesObject identification, properties identification, operation definition, communication between objects; create use cases, determine tables, design communication between objects, designated contact, searching for successor, objects behavior analysis; architecture designMain teaching methodse of bilingual multi-media teaching, use resources on Internet as much as possible, and discuss with students, also combine instruction in class with students' self-study out of class.2.Accumulating cases relevant to software engineering design, teaching withconcrete cases and discuss with students.Section 1. Architectural design3.1J Architectural design decision3.1.2System organization3」.3 Modular decomposition3.1-4 Control styles3.1.5Reference architecturesSection 2・ Distributed systems architectures3.2.1Multiprocessor architectures3.2.2Client-server architectures323 Distributed object architectures3.2.4Inter-organizational distributed computingSection 3・ Application architectures 3.3.1Data processing systems3.3.2Transaction processing systems3.3.3Event processing systems334 Language processing systemsSection 4.Object-oriented design3.4.1Objects and object classes3.4.2An object-oriented design process 343 Design evolution Section 5 ・ User interface design3.5.1Design issues3.5.2The UI design process3-5.3 User analysis3.5.4User interface prototyping355 Interface evaluationBasic concepts of this chapterSystems architectures, Distributed systems, Design pattern, Object, Classes, Design reuse, User friendly, User interface designThinking questions: See textbookChapter 4 Development ( 6 hours )Instructional objectivesThe purpose of this chapter is to discuss about rapid methods of software development, software reuse, component based software engineering and software evolution etc.Instructional pointsSoftware reuse, Component-based Software EngineeringInstructional difficultiesSoftware evolutionMain teaching methodse of bilingual multi-media teaching, use resources on Internet as much as possible, and discuss with students, also combine instruction in class with students7 self-study out of class-2.Accumulating cases relevant to software engineering, teaching with concrete cases.Section 1・ Rapid software development4.1.1Agile methods4.1.2Extreme programming4.1.3Rapid application development4.14 Software prototypingSection 2・ Software reuse4.2.1Overview4.2.2. Design patterns423Generator-based reuse424Application frameworks4.2.5Application system reuseSection 3・ Component-based software engineering4.3.1Components and component models4.3.2The CBSE process4.3.3Component compositionSection 4. Software evolution441 Program evolution dynamics44.2Software maintenance4.4.3Evolution processes444 Legacy system evolutionBasic concepts of this chapterRapid software development, Agile methods, Extreme programming, Software reuse, Design pattern, Legacy system, Software evolutionThinking questions: See textbookChapter 5 Verification and Validation ( 10 hours ) Instructional objectivesTo make students understand software verification and validation, emphasize on the technology of static verification, differences between software verification and validation. Also, to make students understand an important verification method of defects finding: program static analysis, and cleanroom method of program development.Instructional pointsTo introduce the concept, principle, technologies and steps of software testing and the methods of using testing to verify and validate correctness and consistency of analysis and design models.Instructional difficultiesFormed・method, Software testingMain teaching methodse of bilingual multi-media teaching, use resources on Internet as much as possible, and discuss with students, also combine instruction in class with students， self-study out of class-2.Accumulating cases relevant to software engineering testing, teaching with concrete cases.Section 1.Verification and Validation5.1.1Planning verification and validation5.1.2Software inspections5-L3 Automated static analysis5.1.4Verification and formal methodsSection 2. Software testing521System testing522Component testing5.2.3Test case design5.2.4Test automationBasic concepts of this chapterVerification, Validation, Software testing, Test case, Defect testing, Integration testing, Object-oriented testingThinking questions: See textbookChapter 6 Management ( 6 hours )Instructional objectivesTo make students understand characteristics of software management, particularity of management and the function of software management. Expanding students9 knowledge, and know about international standard: capacity of maturity model.International pointsThe method of identify working requirement of project, hardware resources, software resources, and planning or organizing people. How to make a cost estimation and controlling, how to make a process planning and software management.Instructional difficultiesCapacity of maturity model, Software estimation, Algorithmic cost modeling, Software measurement and metricsMain teaching methodse of bilingual multi-media teaching, use resources on Internet as much as possible,and discuss with students, also combine instruction in class with students' self-study out of class.2.Accumulating cases relevant to software project management, teaching with concrete cases.Section 1・ Managing people6.1.1Selecting staff6.1.2Motivating people6.1.3Managing groups6.1.4The People Capability Maturity ModelSection 2. Software cost estimation6.2.1Software productivity622Estimation techniques623Algorithmic cost modeling6.2.4Project duration and staffingSection 3・ Quality management631 Process and product quality6.3.2Quality assurance and standards633 Quality planning6.3.4Quality control6.3.5Software measurement and metricsSection 4・ Process improvement6.4.1Process and product quality6.4.2Process classification6.4.3Process measurement6.4.4Process analysis and modeling645 Process change6.4.6The CMMI process improvement frameworkBasic conceptsManaging people, Groups partition and cooperation, Software cost estimation, Process improvement, Quality management, Quality evaluationThinking questions: See textbookReferences[1 JRoger Pressman. u Software Engineering: A Practitioner J s Approach n（6Ed.） [MJ. Washington: McGraw Hill （清华大学出版社彩印），2008[2]郑良松，刘海研，陆丽娜等编.软件工程[M].两安:两安电子科技大学出版社,2003.[2]张海藩编.软件工程导论[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.[3]金尊和.软件工程实践导论[M].北京:清华大学出版补.,2004.[4]Stephen R.Schach,韩松等译.面向对象与传统软件工程,5th Edition[MJ. Washington: McGraw Hill （机械工业出版社影印）,2004.⑸李彤.软件并行开发过程[M].北京：科学出版社，2003.⑹ Tong Li, An Approach to Modelling Software Evolution Processes [M], Berlin: Springer-Ver lag （清华大学出版社影印），2008.Author: Yan KangTranslator: Fci Dai and Zhongwcn Xie。
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3. This business is Binary, you are one or zero (Alive or dead)
4.Any one with good idea can put a monopoly out of business
The Challenges and Opportunities of the Global Software Industry (1)
（7，8， ） （9，10 ，11）
测试
（12，13 ）
维护
质量
（20，
配置 管理
（21）
工程 管理（
14，15，16 ，17，18， 19，
过程
（2，3，4 ）
工具
15
Software 知识体系及其关联
交付
软件 需求 软件 设计 软件 构造 软件 测试 软件 维护
后续 版本
软件工程 管理 软件质量 软件安全 软件工程 标准
1) UESTC school of software engineering 2) National-wide: many others 3) International-wide:
“The 21th century will see China to become a giant.”
22
· From machine computing to Cloud computing
The Challenges and Opportunities of the Global Software Industry (2)
1. Networking (Internet, distributed) 2. Service-oriented 3. Globalization (English)
(Intelligent Web)
1. Networking (Internet, distributed) 2. Service-oriented
3. Globalization (English)
·From static to dynamic ·From passive to active
From information browsing to Intelligent Web
How to Run Applications Faster —or improve performance ?
From Human: there are 3 ways to improve performance: Work Harder, Focus (投入多少时间和精力？） 3×48 Work Smarter Get Help Computer Analogy Using faster hardware Optimized algorithms and techniques used to solve computational tasks Multiple computers to solve a particular task
Welcome to
About this course (class hours, textbook etc) “软件工程(基础)”--“基础科学也有理论和实验两方面。应用科学也有理论和实 验。没有什么孤立存在的基础理论。”—李政道1974年 Covered topics Grading policies Chapter 1 “Software engineers make software
Some New Trends (2025), 学习的目标和动力是什么?
3
Encouraged By Movie “AntiTrust”
1. This business is a living organism 2. There is no rule for idle time or second guessing; no second place
17
Lecture Schedule (temp 2)
周次/Week 课题/Topic 作业/Assignments Due
10
MidReview
11
Project Management
Chap8 , HW#8
12
Risk Management
Chap9
13
Quality Assurance
Chap10
相对目前“打包式” 软件，为用户提供智能化 的“服务式”软件。SOA: service-oriented architecture, SaaS
The Challenges and Opportunities of the Global Software Industry (3)
1. Networking (Internet, distributed)
14 15 16
Tools and Methods Advanced topics Final Review
Chap11 (可能提前介绍)
Project Demo, Paper and Documents
18
Some Good and Bad Examples
以前同学的表现， “好的表现都比较相似，不好的各有 各的不同（的表现）。”
10
About this course (5)
Grading Policies (50% theories +50% practice) 5% assignments ( Homework 5%) lab: 10% Project: 15%,最后小组长打分 20% Midterm, in-class, Tue. (8th week ) 50% Final exam （any less?) 注意: 可能会依据大家的表现有小的调整
2. Service-oriented
3. Globalization (English)
·强调开放性、交互性 ·支持主流的开放式标准 ·人才的全球化
Q:对中国软件业有什么启示和挑战？
About this course (2)
教材: <<An Basic Introduction to Software Engineering >>,2012.1.
In-Class Behaviors (课堂纪律)
Consistent with general university requirements 1. Noise (such as talking with other students without instructor’s permission, playing games or music, sleep etc) can NOT be allowed. “宁静致远” 2. Two persons record each class (used to be) 3. Respect each other and be patient 4. Be proactive for extra credit 5. Late, early leaving, absence : Late coming can only sit at the back (last row), early leaving, absent ,ok?
软件工 程工具
SPM
16
Lecture Schedule (temp 1)
周次/Week 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 课题/Topic An Introduction Process models 作业/Assignments Due Read Chap1, HW#2
Chap2 ; Prerequisite exam
engineering works. Some of you may spend most of your life on it.”—Who knows?
Software Engineering (Basics)
“软件工程课程的生命力甚至超越计算机-软件学院.” --一个老师说
1
Learn process and methods of developing high quality and large-scale of software：SE, 基本专业技能 Learn to be Professional:养成良好的职业精神和 习惯 Learn how to learn SE (by self) 优秀的学习能 力 Learn to use some important tools in SE, 子 曰:“工欲善其事,必先利其器 ”是也 Practice projects in teams, “理论得来终觉浅, 觉知此事需躬行.” “Become a qualified software engineer or 2
20
Exchange Presentation 换位互动
“You have time to show.”
期中项目检查: presentation Final Project Acceptance: Presentation+Demo
contest
21
How to learn this course effectively? (雄鹰和蜗牛） Three reasons to work harder and smarter
参考书： 软件工程实践者的研究方法(英文精编版.第6 版) ,Roger S. Pressman, 2005. ISBN978-7-11124138-6
8
About this course (3)
Class time: Class Room: