First Snow翻译批评与鉴赏
死亡 初雪选段译文分析
译文赏析1.乔伊斯The Dead 段落赏析该段落选自20世纪意识流小说大师詹姆斯·乔伊斯的短篇小说集《都柏林人》中的最后，也是最重要的一篇---《死者》（The Dead）.这篇小说惯用意识流的手法，以生动、准确、朴实的语言，细腻地体现出乔伊斯关于生死的思考。
The Dead 是乔伊斯长篇小说《都柏林人》的最后一篇，也可是说是压轴篇。
文章讲述的是雪夜窗前突然痛苦绝望的Gabriel，对真爱、深思的感悟与思考。
乔伊斯仿佛在通过Gabriel向我们讲述着他的一生。
看了该段落后，又细读了该段数次，个人感觉有种想看全小说的冲动。
因为乔伊斯的意识流手法运用娴熟，结合对生与死的感悟，很容易让人有所感触。
但要想将小说里的意识流淌、深析、思想剖析翻译好，并不容易。
我尝试译出了该节选段落的大部分，因此会结合已有的大家译文和自己的译文对该节选段落的原译文进行赏析。
以下是自己的部分译文：房间里的空气让他的两肩感到寒冷。
他小心翼翼地钻进被窝，躺在妻子旁边。
他们都将一个接一个的变成幽灵。
最好在年少热情鼎盛的时刻勇敢的进入到那个世界，而不要随着年华的逝去而逐渐暗淡。
他在想，躺在旁边的妻子为何多年以来一直牢记她的情人告诉她说她不想活时的眼睛的样子。
大量的泪水涌入了加里布埃尔的眼睛。
他从来没有对任何一个女人有过这种感觉。
但他肯定这就是爱的感觉。
泪水逐渐蒙住了双眼，透过泪水，他似乎看到一个年轻人站在雨后的树下。
其他的影像也越来越近。
他的灵魂已经到达已逝的生命的栖息地。
他能意识到，但不能理解他们毫无规则、忽闪忽现的存在方式。
他自己也正在向一个无形的灰色世界滑去。
这是一个坚不可摧的世界，在那里，那些死去的人曾一度在此成长、在此生活过，而如今正在消亡，正在溶解。
微弱的光亮透过窗户玻璃照进了房间，吸引他向窗外看去，外面又开始下起了雪。
他看着窗外的雪花、银白色或暗色的雪花，在路灯的照射下斜斜地飘落。
到了他该动身去西方旅行的时候了。
First Snow
美文-译文欣赏-初雪First Snow Jonathan Nicholas初雪（乔纳森尼古拉斯）He wasn't sure what had awakened him. Perhaps the child had made some small noise in her sleep. But as he peeked from beneath the covers, his gaze was drawn not to the cradle but to the window.他不清楚是什么吵醒了他，也许是孩子在睡梦中所发出的细小响动声吧。
他在被子里向孩子的摇篮望去，目光却被窗子吸引了过去。
It was then that he realized what had sneaked through the shield of his slumbers. It was the sense of falling snow.这时他明白了，是飘雪的气息溜入了他的梦境。
Quietly, so as not to disturb the child's mother, he rose from the bed and inched toward the cradle. Reaching down, he gently lifted the warm bundle to his shoulder. Then, as he tiptoed from the bedroom, she lifted her head, opened her eyes and - daily dose of magic - smiled up at her dad.为了不吵醒孩子的母亲，他轻轻的从床上下来，悄悄的走向摇篮，俯下身子，小心的将孩子抱起。
他踮着脚从卧室走出来那时，她睁开了眼睛，抬起小脑袋，向她父亲露出醉人的笑颜。
英语作文 First Snow
英语作文 First Snow导语：当你醒来发现自己在另一个完全不同的世界，这会不会是一件神奇的事情!下面是yuwenmi为大家的优秀英语，欢送阅读与借鉴，谢谢!The first fall of snow is not only an event but it is a magical event. You go to bed in one kind of world and wake up to find yourself in another quite different, and if this is not enchantment, then where is it to be found?The very stealth, the eerie quietness, of the thing makes it more magical. Ifall the snow fell at once in one shattering crash, awakening us in the middle of the night the event would be robbed of its wonder. But it flutters down, soundless, hour after hour while we are asleep. Outside the closed curtains of the bedroom a vast transfbrmation scene is takiag place, just as if a myriad elves and brownies were at work, and we turn and yawn and stretch and know nothing about it. And then, what an extraordinary change it is! It is as if the house continent. Even the inside, which has not been touched, seemsdifferent, every room appearing smaller and cosier, just as if some power were trying to turn it into a woodcutter’s hut or a snug logcabin. Outside, where the garden was yesterday, there is now a white and glistening level, and the village beyond is no longer your own familiar clusterof roofs but a village in an old German fairy-tale.You would not be surprised to learn that all the people there, the speetacled postmistress, the cobbler, theretired school master, and the rest, had suffered a change too and had bee queer elvish beings, purveyors of invisible caps and magic shoes. You yourselves do not feel quite the same people you were yesterday. How could you not when so much has been changed? There is a curious stir, a little shiver of excite-ment, troubling the house, not unlike the feeling there is abroad when a journey has to be made. The children, of course, are all excitement but even the adults hang about and talk to one another longer than usual before setting down to the day’s work. Nobody can resist the windows. It is like being on board a ship.。
The_First_Snow (Henry Longfellow)五种不同译文对照
The First Snow—Henry LongfellowThe first snow came. How beautiful it was, falling so silently all day long, all night long, on the mountains，on the meadows, on the roofs of the living, on the graves of the dead. All white save the river, that marked its course by a winding black line across the landscape; and the leafless trees, that against the leaden sky now revealed more fully the wonderful beauty and intricacies of their branches. What silence, too, came with the snow, and what seclusion! Every sound was muffled, every noise changed to some thing soft and musical. No more tramping hoofs, no more rattling wheels. Only the chiming of sleigh(雪橇)-bells, beating as swift and merrily as the hearts of children.初雪飘临，静美如斯，日夜不息，山川草木，屋椽茔冢，一片洁白/银装素裹。
阔野之中，唯余溪流，逶迤前行，枯木虬枝，灰黑天幕，愈显虬枝峥嵘/纵横。
初雪，何其沉静又何其寂寥！万籁俱静/寂，了无声息，似作轻音辽远。
01 The First Snow
01The First SnowHenry Wadsworth LongfellowThe first snow came. How beautifully it was, falling so silently, all day long, all night long, on the mountains, on the meadows, on the roofs of the living, on the graves of the dead! All white save the river, that marked its course by a winding black line across the landscape, and the leafless trees, that against the leaden sky now revealed more fully the wonderful beauty and intricacies of their branches. What silence, too, came with the snow, and what seclusion! Every sound was muffled, every noise changed to something soft and musical. No more tramping hoofs, no more rattling wheels! Only the chiming of sleigh-bells, beating as swift and merrily as the hearts of children.初雪亨利·沃兹沃思·朗费罗初雪飘临。
多么美啊！它整日整夜那么静静地飘着，落在山岭上，落在草地上，落在世人的屋顶上，落在死者的坟墓上！在一片白茫茫之中，只有河流在美丽的画面上划出一道曲曲弯弯的黑线；还有那叶儿落净的树木，映衬着铅灰色的天空，此刻更显得枝丫交错，姿态万千。
经典优美英语散文：FirstSnow初雪
经典优美英语散文：FirstSnow初雪“不知庭霰今朝落，疑是林花昨夜开。
”诗人王维在百年前便用优美的诗句记录下了雪幽然的特点，它总是隐蔽沉静的下落，让大地银装素裹，给人以惊喜，尤为初雪最甚。
初雪来临的时候，有人在漫天飞舞的雪花中欢呼雀跃，恨不能随之飞舞;也有孩童迫不及待地冲出家门，想用初雪堆砌冬天第一个雪人;也有人望着落于手心，慢慢融化的雪花，神情恬淡而飘缈;亲爱的，你是怎样迎接每一场初雪的?This morning, when I first caught sight of the unfamiliar whitened world, I could not help wishing that we had snow oftener, that English winters were more wintry.今天早上，当我第一次看见这个陌生的银白色的世界时，我不禁衷心希望这里能够多下几场雪，这样我们英国的冬天才能更增添几分冬天的味道。
How delightful it would be, I thought, to have months of clean snow and a landscape sparkling with frost instead of innumerable grey featureless days of rain and raw winds.我想，如果我们这里经常是个冰雪积月、霜华璀璨的景象，而不是像现在这种苦雨凄风永无尽期的阴沉而乏特色的日子，那该多么令人喜悦啊!I began to envy my friends in such places as the Eastern States of America and Canada, who can count upon a solid winter every year and know that the snow will arrive by a certain date and will remain, without degenerating into black slush, until Spring is close at hand. T o have snow and frost and yet a clear sunny sky and air as crisp as a biscuit - this seemed to me happiness indeed.于是我羡慕起那些居住在美国东部各州和加拿大的我的友人们，他们那里年年都能出现一个像样的冬天，都能说得出降雪的确切日期，并能保证，直至大地春回之前，那里的`雪绝无退化为黑色泥浆的可能。
从文学翻译的角度赏析《第一场雪》
从文学翻译的角度赏析《第一场雪》摘要：《第一场雪》（First Snow）是乔纳森·尼科拉斯(Jonathan Nicholas)的作品，这篇文章既描写了冬日美丽的雪景，又刻画了孩子们雪中嬉闹的场景，写景又不仅仅是景色描写，以景入情，体现了作者对女儿疼爱有加的深厚感情，本文从原文和译文两个角度对这篇文章进行对比赏析。
关键词：乔纳森·尼科拉斯，《第一场雪》，赏析1.原文赏析《第一场雪》是乔纳森·尼科拉斯的作品，以描写初雪为背景，介绍了冬日初雪的场景，但这篇文章和我们所熟悉的朗费罗的《初雪》还是有区别的，朗费罗的作品更侧重于景色描写，体现的是自然美，而乔纳森·尼科拉斯的作品则从雪和女儿入手，全文十三个小段，其中第1、3、4、14段是对主人公和小女儿的描写；第2、6、7段描写了冬日初雪景象；第5、8、9、11、12段描写了初雪的街道、玩雪的孩子和热闹的邻家景象。
既包括对冬日雪景的赞美，又细致地描写了孩子们在雪中嬉闹以及街道、邻居家的场景，通篇穿插地讲述了主人公对小女儿疼爱有加的种种情愫。
作者无论是对主人公和女人的直接描写，还是对雪景、街道、邻家的间接描写，都是想表达主人公对女儿的浓浓的情愫和绵绵的情谊，直抒胸臆地情真意切，侧面描写地入情入景。
下面从节奏美、修辞美、感知美、形象美、意蕴美、宁静美六个方面欣赏这篇文章的英文原文。
1.1节奏美节奏是文学作品的基本要求，但是诗歌题材更加突出，本篇文章也注重节奏的美感，比如：A porch light came on......A television flickered. （A+名词+动词）They rolled in it......at one another. （ they+动词+it 运用排比节奏，语音修辞，充满节奏感。
）另外，文章也通过长短句的变化以及节奏感，突出表现主题：Across the street......to rolling in the snow. 短长句的变换，给读者以节奏感的冲击。
First Snow英语作文欣赏
三一文库（）〔First Snow英语作文欣赏〕The first fall of snow is not only an event but itis a magical event. You go to bed in one kind of worldand wake up to find yourself in another quite different,and if this is not enchantment, then where is it to befound?The very stealth, the eerie quietness, of the thingmakes it more magical. Ifall the snow fell at once inone shattering crash, awakening us in the middle of thenight the event would be robbed of its wonder. But itflutters down, soundless, hour after hour while we are asleep. Outside the closed curtains of the bedroom avast transfbrmation scene is takiag place, just as ifa myriad elves and brownies were at work, and we turnand yawn and stretch and know nothing about it. And then,what an extraordinary change it is! It is as if the house continent. Even the inside, which has not been touched,第1页共3页seems different, every room appearing smaller andcosier, just as if some power were trying to turn itinto a woodcutters hut or a snug logcabin. Outside,where the garden was yesterday, there is now a whiteand glistening level, and the village beyond is nolonger your own familiar cluster of roofs but a villagein an old German fairy-tale.You would not be surprised to learn that all the people there, the speetacled postmistress, the cobbler,the retired school master, and the rest, had suffereda change too and had become queer elvish beings,purveyors of invisible caps and magic shoes. Youyourselves do not feel quite the same people you were yesterday. How could you not when so much has been changed? There is a curious stir, a little shiver ofexcite-ment, troubling the house, not unlike thefeeling there is abroad when a journey has to be made.The children, of course, are all excitement but eventhe adults hang about and talk to one another longerthan usual before setting down to the days work. Nobodycan resist the windows. It is like being on board a ship.23。
First Snow
First SnowGilean Douglas初雪吉丽安·道格拉斯著One evening I look out the window of my secluded cabin, and there are soft languid flakes falling in the golden lamplight. They fall all night, while the voice of the Teal River becomes more and more hushed and the noises of the forest die away. By dawn, the whole world of stream and wood and mountain has been kindled to a white flame of beauty.一天晚上，从我那僻静的小木屋朝窗外望去，金黄的灯光中只见柔软的雪花正纷纷扬扬地飘洒。
雪下了整整一夜，奔腾的梯尔河渐渐沉寂，热闹的森林也不再喧嚣。
黎明时分，溪流河谷、树木山峰都已是银装素裹，分外妖娆。
I go out in the early morning and there is such silence that even breath is a profanation. The mountain to the north has a steel-blue light on it, and to the west the sky still holds something of the darkness of the night. To the east and the south a faint pink is spreading. I look up and see the morning star keeping white watch over a white world.一大早我便走到屋外，雪后的世界是如此静谧，即使是最轻微的呼吸也会破坏这周遭的宁静。
第一场雪 THE FIRST SNOW(大学英语作文)
第一场雪THE FIRST SNOW大学英语作文The first snow came. How beautiful it was, falling so silently all day long, all night long, on the mountains, on the meadows, on the roofs of the living, on the graves of the dead! All white save the river, that marked its course by a winding black line across the landscape; and the leafless trees, that against the leaden sky now revealed more fully the wonderful beauty and intricacies of their branches. What silence, too, came with the snow, and what seclusion! Every sound was muffled, every noise changed to something soft and musical. No more tramping hoofs, no more rattling wheels! Only the chiming of the sleigh-bells, beating as swift and merrily as the hearts of children.第一场雪来了。
它是多么美丽啊，静静的日夜下着，在山间，在草地，在屋顶上的生活，在死者的坟墓上!所有白色的雪拯救了河流，一道曲曲弯弯的黑线在那整个画面上划出了记号，叶儿落光的树木的枝杈映衬着铅灰色天空显得更加的美丽和错综复杂。
First Snow (参考译文)
第一场雪
每年的第一场雪不仅格外引人注目，而且还特别神奇。
当你准备去睡的时候，外面的一切还毫无动静；可你醒来时却发现自己已然置身于一个截然不同的世界。
如果这还算不得神奇，那神奇该往何处寻觅？它的神神秘秘，它的悄然而至，更是增添了这份神奇。
倘若全部的雪都轰轰烈烈地一次性落下，将人们从半夜睡梦中惊醒，那么，它的神奇也就被剥夺殆尽了。
可是，它偏偏是在人们熟睡的时候，无声无息地，不停不歇地，飘飘而然地——落了下来。
拉紧了窗帘的卧室外面，一场规模空前的换景工程正在进行，好像有无数的精灵和仙童在为此奔波忙碌；当我们翻身起床，打着呵欠，伸着懒腰时，对外面的一切还全然不知。
突然，最最奇妙的变化出现了——仿佛你连同你的房子被人扔在了白茫茫的南极大陆！
就算在室内这个初雪未曾触碰的地方，一切也突然变得格外不同了：每个房间好像变得更小、更舒适了，仿佛有某种力量要将它变成樵夫住的那种柴房或是一间舒适的小木屋。
外面，昨天的小花园如今已是白茫茫的一片；远处的村落也不再是那些你熟悉的层层屋顶，而仿佛成了德国远古神话里的小村庄。
此时此刻，外面的景色又变了。
轻柔的雪花，纷纷扬扬，越下越大，已很难看清村庄对面的小山谷了。
房顶上是厚厚的积雪，树木也被压弯了腰；一片灰蒙蒙中，村里教堂屋顶上那依然朦胧可见的风向标，现在仿佛成了安徒生童话里的一个小生灵；从书房里，我看到儿童室的孩子们一个个将鼻子和脸紧贴在窗玻璃上；此时，我的脑海里又响起了儿时那首反复吟唱跑调的儿歌。
那时候的我也是将鼻子和小脸紧贴在冰冷的窗玻璃上，一边看着外面飘舞的雪花，一边唱着那首跑调的儿歌。
FirstSnow翻译批评与鉴赏
改译为：
遣词造句
• He wasn’t sure what had awakened him. Perhaps the child had made some small noise in her
sleep. But as he peeked from beneath the covers, his gaze was drawn not to the cradle but to the window.
• 他还不大清楚是什么把他从睡梦中唤醒了，也许是孩子在梦里弄出的小声响吧，可当他悄
悄从被里探出头来，吸引他目光的不是小女儿的摇篮，而是窗外。
• 译文标红出“peek”一词译为“探”十分传神。因为peek（ look quickly and often
secretively at sth） 匆匆地（常为秘密地）看（某物）; 偷看; 窥视。
against the glass.
• 他抱着小女儿往楼下走，小心翼翼地，惟恐弄出一点儿声响。他们在厨房的餐桌边站定。
• He carried her downstairs, counting the creaks on the way. Together, they settled in at the
kitchen table, and the adult in him slipped away. Two children now, they pressed their noses
节奏美
• A porch light came on. A car door slammed. A television flickered.(Para 8) • They rolled in it, they tasted it, they packed it into balls and tossed it at one another. (Para 10) • “A+名词+动词”、“they+动词+it”格式，运用了排比的结构，是一种语音修辞，充满
《第一场雪》与两个译文的及物性对比分析
2021年40期总第584期ENGLISH ON CAMPUS【摘要】系统功能语法认为，人类语言包含概念功能、人际功能和语篇功能。
其中，概念功能是人们在现实世界表达各种经历的功能。
及物性系统是概念功能中的核心内容。
本文分析了短文《第一场雪》的及物性，向读者展示该语篇的魅力所在，并对比分析了《第一场雪》的两个译本，认为当译文与原文的及物系统相似时，译文能够更忠实地反映原文内容和作者的思想。
【关键词】《第一场雪》；系统功能语法；及物性；及物系统【作者简介】汤素芹(1985.10.01-)，女，汉族，广东广州人，广州华商职业学院，讲师，本科，研究方向：翻译理论与实践。
一、 前言《第一场雪》(First Snow)是乔纳森·尼可拉斯(Johnathan Nicholas)写的一篇短文。
从为数不多的资料可知，这篇文章原载美国杂志《读者文摘》。
尽管知名度不高，但因言辞优美、文笔娴熟，这篇文章常常作为翻译课堂、阅读理解、文学赏析等的学习材料。
一篇名不见经传的文本能够得到如此广泛的传播，其原因值得我们探究。
本文拟分析《第一场雪》描写雪的选段，让读者领略原文的美并通过两个译本的对比浅谈及物性分析在翻译中的指导作用。
二、 系统功能语法和及物系统系统功能语法由语言学家韩礼德(M.A.K. Halliday)在20世纪50年代提出。
系统功能语法认为，任何一个语篇都是通过语言的概念功能、人际功能、语篇功能来表达意义的。
概念功能表达人们在现实世界的各种经历；人际功能表达讲话者的身份、地位、动机，讲话者利用该功能建立和维持一定的社会关系；语篇功能指的是语言成分组成为语篇的功能。
及物性是概念功能的核心内容，是描述小句的系统。
由于概念功能用于描述人类活动和自然界各种事件，所以进行及物性分析就会涉及行为的不同过程。
功能语法将这些过程分为物质、心理、关系、言语、行为、存在六种过程。
物质过程指具体动作的过程，参与者包括行事者和目标；心理过程表现心理活动的经过，主要包括感知者和现象；关系过程可以用来表达事物的属性、识别关系和占有关系；言语过程是说话者向接收者传达说话内容的过程；行为过程主要指人的生理和心理活动；存在过程表示事物的存在。
英语时文阅读之2021年的第一场雪（含国内外名作双语文章）
英语时文阅读之2021年的第一场雪（含国内外名作双语文章）雪Snow鲁迅Lu Xun（杨宪益、戴乃迭译）暖国的雨，向来没有变过冰冷的坚硬的灿烂的雪花。
The rain of the south has never congealed into icy, glittering snowflakes.博识的人们觉得他单调，他自己也以为不幸否耶？Men who have seen the world consider this humdrum; does the rain, too, think it unfortunate?江南的雪，可是滋润美艳之至了；那是还在隐约着的青春的消息，是极壮健的处子的皮肤。
The snow south of the Yangtze is extremely moist and pretty, like the first indefinable intimation of spring, or the bloom of a young girl radiant with health.雪野中有血红的宝珠山茶，白中隐青的单瓣梅花，深黄的磬口的蜡梅花；雪下面还有冷绿的杂草。
In the snowy wilderness are blood-red camellias, pale, white plum blossom tinged with green, and the golden, bell-shaped flowers of the winter plum; while beneath the snow lurk cold green weeds.胡蝶确乎没有；蜜蜂是否来采山茶花和梅花的蜜，我可记不真切了。
Butterflies there are certainly none, and whether or no bees come to gather honey from the camellias and plum blossom I cannot clearly remember.但我的眼前仿佛看见冬花开在雪野中，有许多蜜蜂们忙碌地飞着，也听得他们嗡嗡地闹着。
高健散文翻译风格赏析以初雪为例
爱并不在于降雪本身，也不在于冰封雪覆的景象，而是在于 初降之时的新鲜感，在于这种突然而宁静的变化。 与似乎 已约定俗成的“气候”相比，作者更喜欢不可琢磨的“天气”。 全文的行文方式也显示出了作者文思多变的特点，作家特有 的表现手法也为文章创造出独到的艺术效果。翻译家高健在 其译文中也并没有忽视风格的传译，一方面忠实地保留了源 语的风貌，另一方面也最大限度地发挥了译语的优势和特 色。
二、《初雪》翻译风格解读 与原文风格的适应性是翻译家高健追求的目标，也是其 译文的最大特点。高先生一贯推崇萧伯纳所说的“意之所到， 风格随之”，他认为“语言内容的可译性与语言风格的可译 性从来都是一致的”，“认识到风格的可译性会促使我们更密 切地注意内容所赖以表达、赖以存在的风格形式-语句的衔 接、长短的搭配、停顿的间隔、节奏的变换、形象的使用， 乃至标点符号的繁简，等等。”该部分将从遣词造句、节奏 处理及修辞运用 3 个方面对译文进行赏析。 1．遣词造句方面 在遣词方面，翻译家高健多采纳简单、平易的词语，以 求保持原文风貌，而必要时候，也多用四字结构的词语，是 译文更符合汉语语言的传统美学。而在造句方面，也能忠于 原文，句式简单明了，能保持原文句式结构的，均尽量保持， 句式果敢简练。译者高健能够将源语和译语有机结合，一方 面能保留原文形式的语势，另一方面也能充分发挥译语的优 势，以便增加汉语语言的空灵美和意象美。 例 1： 原文：The little plum-tree outside，with the faintly flushed snow lining its boughs and artfully disposed along its trunk，
[收稿日期]2012-12-18 作者系湖北中医药大学外语系讲师。
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外研版选择性必修三 Unit6 first snow语言点- 英语课件
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At any moment, it seemed ,a body of horsemen might be seen breaking out from the black trees, so many weapons might be heard and some distant spot of snow be reddened. It was that kind of landscape.
But the snow is falling heavily, in great soft flakes, so that you can hardly see across the shallow valley, and the roofs are thick and the trees all bending, and the weathercock of the village church, still to be seen through the grey loaded air, has become some creature out of Hans Andersen.
Understanding ideas Language Points
words 1.backyard n. 后院 2.puzzled adj. 困惑的 3.tremble v. 颤抖 4.throb v. 生机勃勃;热闹 5.chorus n. 合唱曲
6. dove n.鸽子 7. marsh n.沼泽,湿地
From my study, which is apart from the house and faces it, I can see the children flattening their noses against the window, and there is running through my head a rhyme I used to repeat when I was a child and flattened my nose against the cold window to watch the falling snow:
fristsnow-初雪
frist snow/初雪John Boynton PriestleyMr. Robert Lynd once remarked of Jane Austen´sl characters: “They are people in whose lrves a slight fall of snow is an event.” Even at the risk of appearing to this witty2 and genial critic as another Mr. Woodhouse3, I must insist that last night´s fall of snow here was an event. I was nearly as excited about it this morning as the children, whom I found all peering through4 the nursery window at the magic outside and chattering as excitedly as if Christmas had suddenly come round again. It was the first fall we have had here this winter.The first fall of snow is not only an event but it is a magical event. Y ou go to bed in one kind of world and wake up to find yourself in another quite different, and ifthis is not enchantment, then where is it to be found? The very stealth5, the odd quietness, of the thing makes it more magical. If all the snow fell at once in one shattering crash, awakening us in the middle of the night the event would be robbed of its wonder. But it flutters down6, soundless, hour after hour while we are asleep. Outside the closed curtains ofthe bedroom a vast transformation scene is taking place, just as if a myriad7 elves and brownies8 were at work, and w e turn and yawn9 and stretch and know nothing about it. And then, what an extraordinary change it is! It is as if the house you are in had been dropped down in another continent. Even the inside, which has not been touched, seems different, every room appearing smaller and cosier, just as if some powers were trying to turn it罗伯特·林德曾这样评论简·奥斯汀笔下的人物：“那是些在他们的生活里一场小雪就是一件大事的人。
12. First Snow
12. First Snow初雪单词与词组Words and phrasesenchantment /♓⏹♊♦☞⏹♦❍☜⏹♦/ n. 迷惑stealth /♦♦♏●/ n. 秘密行动eerie / ♓☜❒♓/ a. 奇异的shattering / ☞✌♦☜❒♓☠/ a. 粉碎的flutter / ♐●✈♦☜/ v. 飘动myriad / ❍♓❒♓☜♎/ a. 无数的elf /♏●♐/ n. 小精灵brownie /♌❒♋◆⏹♓/ n. 小精灵snug /♦⏹✈♈/ a. 暖和的glistening / ♈●♓♦☜⏹♓☠/ a. 闪烁的weathercock / ♦♏☜/ n. 风向标jangle / ♎✞✌⏹♈●/ n. 吵嚷根据朗读标记，听光盘跟读，然后背诵。
The first fall︵of snow is not︵only an︵event▼but︵it︵is︵ a magical︵event. You go to bed︵in one kind︵of world▼and wake︵up to find yourself︵in︵another quite different, and if this︵is not enchantment, then where︵is︵it to be found?↘The very stealth,↗the eerie quietness︵of the thing▼makes︵it more magical. If all the snow fell︵at once▼ in one shattering crash, awakening︵us︵in the middle︵of the night, the event would be robbed︵of︵its wonder. But it flutters down,↗soundless,↗hour ︵after︵hour▼while we are︵asleep. Outside the closedcurtains︵of the bedroom▼ a vast transformation scene︵is taking place, just︵as︵if ︵a myriad︵elves and brownies were︵at work, and we turn↗︵and yawn↗︵and stretch↘▼and know nothing︵about ︵it. And then, what︵an︵extraordinary change it︵is! It︵is︵as︵if▼ the house you︵are︵in▼ had been dropped down in︵another continent. Even the inside, which has not been touched, seems different, every room appearing smaller↗︵and cozier, just︵as︵if▼ some power were trying to turn︵it︵into a woodcutter's hut↗▼ or︵a snug log cabin. Outside, where the garden was yesterday, there︵is now a white︵and glistening level, and the village beyond is no longer your︵own familiar cluster︵of roofs▼but︵a village︵in︵an old German fairy-tale...Now it has changed︵again. The snow is falling heavily, in great soft flakes, so thatyou can hardly see across the shallow valley, and the roofs︵are thick▼and the trees︵all bending, and the weathercock︵of the village church, still to be seen through the gray loaded air, has become some creature out︵of Hans Andersen. From my study, I can see the children▼ flattening their noses against the nursery window, and there︵is running through my head a jangle︵of rhyme▼I used to repeat ▼when I was︵a child▼and flattened my nose︵against the cold window▼ watching the falling snow.参考译文初雪这场初雪不仅引人注目，而且魔幻般神奇。
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• He carried her downstairs, counting the creaks on the way. Together, they settled in at the
kitchen table, and the adult in him slipped away. Two children now, they pressed their noses
Ripple[涟漪]在此指的是黎明悄悄地缓缓地蔓延开来
• 3、Finally, the kitchen door flew open and out burst three awesomely bundled objects that set
instantly to rolling in the snow.(Para 9)
• 他还不大清楚是什么把他从睡梦中唤醒了，也许是孩子在梦里弄出的小声响吧，可当他悄
悄从被里探出头来，吸引他目光的不是小女儿的摇篮，而是窗外。
•ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ译文标红出“peek”一词译为“探”十分传神。因为peek（ look quickly and often
secretively at sth） 匆匆地（常为秘密地）看（某物）; 偷看; 窥视。
bedroom, she lifted her head, opened her eyes and—daily dose of magic—smiled up at her dad.
• Dose[一剂药]
这里比喻小女儿每日甜甜的微笑，都能给父亲无以名状的甜美感觉
⑤ The light from the street lamp on the corner filtered down through the birch trees • Filter down[渗透]
It was the sense of falling snow.(Para 2)
• Sneak [遛、偷偷地做] • 这会儿他才知道是什么悄然袭入他的梦乡，让他醒来。是他感觉到了窗外簌
簌飘舞的雪。
• 随风潜入夜,润物细无声.
③ Quietly, so as not to disturb the child’s mother, he rose from the bed and inched toward the
• 将buses比作marinese[美国海军陆战队]，take the hill [take 在这里有攻占的意思] 。 • 公共汽车则像停在浅滩的海军陆战队一样，随时准备夺取前面的小山。 • 文章短短520字，6处运用修辞手法，其中2处比喻、2处拟人、2处既运用了比喻又运用了
拟人，2处排比。比喻的修辞手法生动形象，化抽象为具体，给人以深刻鲜明的印象。拟 人，使具体事物具有人格化，语言形象生动。
街角路灯的光透过白桦树，洒在地上。
⑥ The flakes were falling thick and hard now, pouring past the window, a waterfall of
mystery.(Para 6)
• Flake[雪花]用词丰富 • Pouring [倾斜]雪花飘落用了pouring • Across the street, a family scurried into gear. • Scurried[急转] • Gear[齿轮]在此指：准备行动起来 • 很快开始了新的一天。 • 选词往往代表了作者的感情色彩，可以看出笔者在进行创作时，词汇都是精挑细选，准确
节奏美
• A porch light came on. A car door slammed. A television flickered.(Para 8) • They rolled in it, they tasted it, they packed it into balls and tossed it at one another. (Para 10) • “A+名词+动词”、“they+动词+it”格式，运用了排比的结构，是一种语音修辞，充满
kitchen table, and the adult in him slipped away. Two children now, they pressed their noses against the glass.（第4段）
• 他抱着小女儿往楼下走，小心翼翼地，惟恐弄出一点儿声响。他们在厨房的餐桌边站定。
• 2、 And as gray streaks of dawn unraveled along the black seam of the distant hills, father and
daughter watched the new day ripple across the neighborhood.(Para 7)
报告大纲
原作概述 原作鉴赏 译文评析
原作概述
• First Snow是一篇以描写初雪为背景，介绍了冬日初雪
的场景，包括对冬日雪景的赞美、孩子们雪中嬉闹、 街道、邻居家场景，通篇都穿插地讲述了主人公对小 女儿疼爱有加的种种情愫。全文十三个小段，其中第 1、3、4、14段是对主人公和小女儿的描写；第2、6、 7段描写了冬日初雪景象；第5、8、9、11、12段描写 了初雪的街道、玩雪的孩子和热闹的邻家景象。作者 无论是对主人公和女人的直接描写，还是对雪景、街 道、邻家的间接描写，都是想表达主人公对女儿的浓 浓的情愫和绵绵的情谊。
that would not come.（比喻+拟人）(Para5)
• 远处红色交通灯光无休止地渗透过来，红宝石一般闪烁着，如同姗姗来迟的黎明逗人地眨着眼睛。
修辞美
Buses ground forward like marines, determined to take the hill. （明喻+拟人）(Para 12)
节奏感，节奏美给人以音韵回环、和谐悦耳的音乐美，表达了情感，传达了意象，从字句 中抓住声音节奏、从声音节奏中抓住作者的情趣和神韵。
意蕴美
• Then, slowly, slipping and sliding down the glass, it would melt, its beauty fleeting. Gone. • And all the while, the baby sat secure and warm in his arms. • For her there would be other snowfalls to recall. But for him, it was her first. Their first. And the
译文评析
遣词造句 段落篇章 译文总览
遣词造句
• He wasn’t sure what had awakened him. Perhaps the child had made some small noise in her
sleep. But as he peeked from beneath the covers, his gaze was drawn not to the cradle but to the window.（第一段）
• 但是划线处译文不符合中文习惯，翻译腔太浓，汉语不会说“吸引了目光的是……”，故
改译为：
遣词造句
• He wasn’t sure what had awakened him. Perhaps the child had made some small noise in her
sleep. But as he peeked from beneath the covers, his gaze was drawn not to the cradle but to the window.
• 诗歌是陌生化的语言，散文则是平民化的语言，散文语言平易质朴，却离不开感情的真挚，是
感情的自然流落。笔者把早晨看到的雪景、孩子们玩雪、邻居的生活，描写的淋漓尽致，饱含 了作者的感情。
修辞美
• 比喻 • The flakes were falling thick and hard now, pouring past the window, a waterfall of mystery.(暗喻)(Para6) • 把雪花比作神秘的飞瀑 • Within an hour, a white tablecloth was spread upon the lawn.（暗喻）(Para7) • 把雪花落满草坪比喻成雪白的台布 • 拟人 • Occasionally, one would stick to the glass, as if reluctant to tumble to its fate. （拟人）(Para 6) • 偶尔，有一片雪花粘在窗玻璃上，似乎是不甘心于命运，不愿就这么落到地上去。 • 比喻+拟人 • From the distance came the endless echo of the stoplight, flashing its ruby message（比喻）, teasing like a dawn
memory would stay, cold and hard, fresh in his thoughts, long after the snowman melted.
• 意蕴是作品的艺术形象所包含的内在意义和情感，它深隐在作品的内容和形式中，在读者
阅读欣赏时，层层释放出绵延的认识和艺术感染力。散文的的意蕴可以表现作者的情绪， 一切景语皆情语，作者寓情于景。体现了笔者晶莹的心境和多小女儿浓浓的爱意和绵绵的 情愫。
against the glass.
• 他抱着小女儿往楼下走，小心翼翼地，惟恐弄出一点儿声响。他们在厨房的餐桌边站定。
• 他还不大清楚是什么把他从睡梦中唤醒了，也许是孩子在梦里弄出的小声响吧，可当他悄