通信与电子信息工程专业英语第1单元TEXT_A&B聂敏(专业翻译版)
电子与通信工程专业英语第一部分 专业英语基础知识
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第四类是一些专用的缩略词。这些词都有明确的含义， 并已约定俗成。如PC、IC、AC、DC、AM、PM、CMOS、 FM、CAD、BASIC、DOS、TV、PCB等，它们的使用使得 科技文献简洁而又明了。
第五类是由某种构词法组合而成的专用科技词汇，如 transceiver、kilometer、multimedia等。
【例】 The total weight being less, it is possible to build much taller building.
【例】 The demands for sophisticated analysis, coupled with some serious limitation on computational capability, led to a host of special techniques for solving a corresponding set of special problems.
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三、词汇 专业英语词汇的词形一般较长，并且为了用词准确， 专业英语一般多用词义专一且稳定的词，尽量避免含糊不 清或一词多义的现象。专业英语词汇大多来源于希腊语和 拉丁语，前后缀出现的频率特别高，不少专业英语词汇多 产生于派生法，如automation、decompose、expectation、 multiplication、telephotograph、ventilate。此外，专业英语 常用意义确切的单个动词代替含义复杂的动词短语，如 absorb——take in，accelerate——speed up，support——hold up，
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第三类是纯科技性的符号、公式、方程式等。这些专 用符号一般来讲是最易于用做区分专业英语文章与普通英 语文章的标志的，它们一般只用在专业文章中，如U = IR、 di/dt、I等。值得注意的是，这些符号、公式、方程式等尽 管在不同的语言中读起来差异很大，甚至完全不一样，但 从书写形式上看都是一致的，这为读者阅读理解英文原版 文献及从事英文专业写作提供了极大的方便。
电子信息科学专业英语En_Unit1
Integrated circuits can be produced using either bipolar or unique polar transistors.
Hybrid IC contains more than a single substrate, the term hybrid is also applied to combinations of monolithic and thin or thick film IC.
而混合IC电路包括不止一种基底，这里“混合”一词 含义是也用于单晶片电路和薄膜或厚膜电路的组合。
电子信息科学专业英语
Unit1 Microelectronics and electronic circuits
1-1 Introduction to Microelectronics Keywords Translation Exercises Notes
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keywordsOperational amplifier 运算放大器 feedback amplifier反馈放大器
空间探索和地球卫星技术的发展越来越强调减小电路的 体积和重量。
Also, even though electricity flows quite rapidly in computers the time delay of the signal in the interconnections between electronic components is an important consideration.
between the individual components in IC.
电子信息工程专业英语教程 第一课
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Company Information
• The vacuum tube is an electron tube from which all or most of the gas has been removed, permitting electrons to move with no or low interaction with any remaining gas molecules.
• Company Information
– Bell Laboratories
– Texas Instruments – Intel Corporation
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Terminology
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Transistor vs. vacuum tube
chip geometries. • 1971: 16-bit Microprocessors are introduced. • 1980's: Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI), over 5000 gates per chip. • 1981: Very High Speed Integration (VHSIC), tens' of thousands of
creation of integrated circuits that had previously been made from multiple discrete components. • VLSI：Very Large-scale Integration 超大规模集成(电 路) • VLSI circuits can contain millions of transistors.
通信与电子信息工程专业英语
analog－－ digital ：模拟的－－数字的 continuous－－ discrete： 连续的－－离散的
0.1 科技英语的特点 features
0.1.2 词汇 Vocabularies or words
转意词汇
Transfered words
有些单词的通用含义很接近，但它们的专业含义却完全不 同，如：
field
bus network rectifier regulator monitor
田野, 场地, 领域
公共汽车 网、网状组织 修正者 调整者 班长
（电、磁）场
总线 网络 整流器 稳压器 显示器、监视器
0.1 科技英语的特点 features
0.1.2 词汇 Vocabularies or words
依据谓语动词把复合句分解成一组简单句。 Insulation 绝缘，insulated ，insulating 依据关键词简化词组。 dielectric constant 介电常数 e.g. The ratio of the capacitance with some material other than air between the plates, to the capacitance of the same capacitor with air insulation, is called the dielectric constant of that particular material. ratio is called constant
Interactive-network → internet
互联网、因特网
transmitter-receiver → transceiver 收发器
电子与通信技术专业英语Unit1
b. is a passive electronic component that stores electric charge.
New word
Notes
Exercises
Translation
Vocabulary
Exercises:
PART
1. Write T(True) or F(False) beside the following statements about the text. a. One symbol represents a type of component. b. Resistors are damaged by heat when soldering. c. Capacitors are not often used in filter circuits. d. Both capacitor and inductor are passive electronic component. e. Inductor stores electric charge. f. Diodes allow electricity to flow either one direction. g. Diodes also are called valves. h. The symbol of NPN and PNP transistors is same. i. ICs are complex circuits which have been etched onto tiny chips of semiconductor. j. LEDs is one type of diodes.
e. field 5. It changes polarity periodically.
《电子信息工程专业英语导论》课件PART_1_unit4
labelled base (B), collector (C) and
emitter (E).
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Transistors have three leads which must be connected the correct way round [4]: [4]: 晶体管的三级都必须在电路中正确连接。 这里which must be connected the correct way round……是一个定语从句，修饰three leads，which在从句里作主语，从句里是一个 被动语态。
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Prior to the invention of transistors, digital circuits were composed of vacuum tubes, which had many disadvantages[5].
在晶体管发明之前，数字电路是由真空管组成的，这
有很多不足。
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There are two types of standard transistors, NPN and PNP, with different circuit symbols [2]. [2].标准的晶体管有两种类型：NPN和PNP， 它们的电路标志不一样。 with different circuit symbols是介词短语作 非限定性的定语，故后置且用逗号与中心词分 开。
transistors, computing as we know it today
would n ot be po ssible ; w ithout the
invention of transistors 是 tha 从句中的条
件状语，后面的 computing是动名词作主语。 Exercises: Ⅰ,Ⅱ, Ⅲ
大一英语第一单元text1A篇翻译
上大学的压力威廉•津瑟1环顾四周，“罪魁祸首”轻而易举便可找到：学校收费太高，老师布置太多作业，父母逼迫孩子太紧，学生对自己要求太严。
但在压力问题上，没有恶人，只有受害者。
2 当今的学生生活在一个残酷的经济现实中，学费、住宿费、书本费及这样那样的费用加起来数额不菲。
即使一个学生在校期间做兼职，暑期做全职，四年内还是会欠下5,000美元贷款，毕业后一年内就要开始偿还。
3 少数幸运的学生能得到父母的经济援助，钱并不是一个棘手的问题，但是来自父母的压力让他们的日子也不好过。
4 我看到很多学生一门心思修读医学院预科课程，却毫无快乐可言。
他们去实验室就像去看牙医一样痛苦。
这让我很伤心，因为我知道在生活的其它方面他们是开朗快乐的人。
5 我问他们：“你想学医吗？”6 他们回答说：“其实并不想。
”7 “那为什么还要进医学院呢？”8 “嗯，因为我爸妈希望我当医生。
他们一直在供我读书，而且……。
”9 可怜的学生，可怜的父母啊！他们被困在一张亘古以来由爱、责任和自责交织而成的网中，难以自拔。
父母的本意是好的，他们想引导自己的孩子走向无忧无虑的未来，但孩子们却想攻读历史、古典文学或哲学，这些专业毫无“实用”价值。
人文学科的专业有什么回报？要说服这些关爱子女的父母人文学科的专业确有回报并非易事。
恰恰是攻读历史、古典文学等专业而开发出来的智能造就了商界及其他领域内富有创造力的领袖人物。
然而，许多家长还是宁愿出钱供孩子攻读那些面向某一具体职业的课程，比如法律预科、医学预科、商务预科、或者是我有时听到的所谓“财富预科”。
10 可是，学生承受的压力太大，他们简直无所适从了。
一方面，他们觉得有义务不辜负父母对自己的期望，毕竟父母比自己年长，该更有智慧吧。
但另一方面，他们又觉得，父母认为合适的期望未必适合自己。
11 如同经济压力和来自父母的压力，来自同伴的压力和自己给自己的压力也是交织在一起，而且几乎是从大学一年级刚开学就开始存在了。
第1章电子信息类专业英语(李白萍).ppt
Information source
Transmitter (modulator)
Transmission medium C ommunication system
R eceiver (demodulator)
Destination (a)
In fo rm at i o n s o u rce
E l ect ri cal t ran s m i t er
digital information signal. In the system shown in Figure1.1(b) analog modulation involves the variation of the light emitted from the optical source in a continuous manner. With digital modulation, however, discrete changes in the light intensity are obtained (i.e. on-off pulses). Although often simpler to implement, analog modulation with an optical fiber communication system is less efficient, requiring a far higher signal to noise ratio at the receiver than digital modulation.
D es t i n at i o n (b)
Figure 1.1 (a) The general communication system; (b) The optical fiber communication system
信息科学与电子工程专业英语课第一单元答案
科技英语课件 ExercisesUnit 1 Exercises(1) Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1. As with series resonance, the greater the resistance in thecircuit the lower the Q and, accordingly, the flatter and broader the resonance curve of either line current or circuit impedance.对于串联谐振，电路中的电阻愈大Q值就愈低，相应地线路电流或电路阻抗的谐振曲线也就愈平、愈宽。
2. A wire carrying a current looks exactly the same andweighs exactly the same as it does when it is not carrying a current.一根带电的导线其外表与重量都与不带电导线完全一样。
3. Click mouse on the waveform and drag it to change thepulse repetition rate, or directly enter a new value of the period in the provided dialogue box, while keeping the pulse width unchanged.在波形上点击鼠标并拖动来改变脉冲重复频率，或者在提供的对话框中直接输入新的周期值，而保持脉冲宽度HMILYYLIMH 1不变。
4. Electronics is the science and the technology of thepassage of charged particles in a gas, in a vacuum, or in a semiconductor. Please note that particle motion confined within a metal only is not considered electronics.电子学是一门有关带电粒子在气体、真空或半导体中运动的科学技术。
电子通信英语第一章
Unit1 Basic concepts of circuit theory
Noise is relatively easy to eliminate from digital signals because it is easy to distinguish from the desired signal which can only have particular values. For example: if the signal is meant to be +5V (true) or 0V (false), noise of up to 2.5V can be eliminated by treating all voltages greater than 2.5V as true and all voltages less than 2.5V as false.
Current is measured with an ammeter, connected in series.
To connect in series you must break the circuit and put the ammeter acoss the gap, as shown in the diagram .
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Unit1 Basic concepts of circuit theory
Digital systems contain devices such as logic gates, flip-flops, shift registers and counters. A computer is an example of a digital system.
信息科学与电子工程专业英语课后答案
U n i t1E x e r c i s e s(1)T r a n s l a t e t h e f o l l o w i n g s e n t e n c e s i n t o C h i n e s e.1.As with series resonance, the greater the resistance in thecircuit the lower the Q and, accordingly, the flatter andbroader the resonance curve of either line current or circuitimpedance.对于串联谐振，电路中的电阻愈大Q值就愈低，相应地线路电流或电路阻抗的谐振曲线也就愈平、愈宽。
2.A wire carrying a current looks exactly the same and weighsexactly the same as it does when it is not carrying a current.一根带电的导线其外表与重量都与不带电导线完全一样。
3.Click mouse on the waveform and drag it to change the pulserepetition rate, or directly enter a new value of the period inthe provided dialogue box, while keeping the pulse widthunchanged.在波形上点击鼠标并拖动来改变脉冲重复频率，或者在提供的对话框中直接输入新的期值，而保持脉冲宽度不变。
4.Electronics is the science and the technology of the passage of charged particles in a gas, in a vacuum, or in a semiconductor. Please note that particle motion confined within a metal only is not considered electronics.电子学是一门有关带电粒子在气体、真空或半导体中运动的科学技术。
电子信息类专业英语 第1章
Unit 1 Current, Voltage and Resistance
We shall define voltage “across” an element as the work
done in moving a unit charge (+1C) through the element from one terminal to the other. The term voltage (represented by the letter symbol U) is commonly used to indicate both a potential difference and an electromotive force. The unit in which voltage is measured is the volt(V). One volt is defined as that magnitude of electromotive force required cause a current of one ampere to pass through a conductor having a resistance of one ohm. Besides the volt, smaller or larger magnitude of voltage are expressed in millivolts(mV), microvolts(μV) or kilovolts(kV).
Unit 1 Current, Voltage and Resistance
Resistors restrict the flow of electric current, for example, a
电子信息与通信工程专业英语lesson1(太原理工大学版)
Example： bandwidth(频带) flip-flop(触发器) diode(二极管) triode(三极管) capacitor(电容)
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《电子信息与通信工程专业英语》
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大量使用半技术词
这类词在科技英语和普通英语中都能见到，在 不同的学科领域含义有所不同。
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组合词和派生词多
组合词：两个或两个以上的词结合成一个新词，包括 有连字符和无连字符两种方式，如 feedback 反馈 (vt.+adv.) zero-input response 零输入响应 copper end rings 铜端环 (n.+n.) alternating current 交流电 (ing 分词+n.) printed circuit 印刷电路 (ed分词+n.) forward-bias 正向偏置 (adj.+n.) 组合词的组成方法有：名词+名词，形容词+名词， 动词+副词，名词+动词，介词+名词，形容词+动词等。
《电子信息与通信工程专业英语》
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多使用现在时和被动语态
由于在科技文体中描述的都是一般的客观真理、事物、 过程和现象等，即主语多为非人称的。使用现在时和 被动语态，在一定程度上提高了科技文献的客观性。
Example 1
The signal levels inside power amplifiers are so much larger than these weak inputs that even the slightest “leakage” from the output back to the input may cause problem.
电子通信英语第一章.ppt
Unit1 Basic concepts of circuit theory
Most circuits contain a mixture of series and parallel connections
The terms series circuit and parallel circuit are sometimes used, but only the simplest of circuits are entirely one type or the other. It is better to refer to specific components and say they are connected in series or connected in parallel.
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Unit1 Basic concepts of circuit theory
Digital systems contain devices such as logic gates, flip-flops, shift registers and counters. A computer is an example of a digital system.
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Unit1 Basic concepts of circuit theory
Current is measured in amps (amperes), A. A (1 amp) is quite a large current for electronics, so mA (milliamps) are often used. m (milli) means "thousandth": 1mA = 0.001A, or 1000mA = 1A
电子信息工程专业英语教程课后练习题含答案
电子信息工程专业英语教程课后练习题含答案第一部分：综合练习阅读下面短文，完成题目Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are popular for use in displays because they can be made flexible, thin, and lighter in weight than traditional displays. OLEDs are also more environmentally friendly as they do not require a backlight, which increases their energy efficiency.1. What are the advantages of using OLEDs over traditional displays?Answer:The advantages of using OLEDs over traditional displays include that they can be made flexible, thin, and lighter in weight, and they are more environmentally friendly.2. Why are OLEDs more environmentally friendly than traditional displays?Answer:OLEDs are more environmentally friendly than traditional displays because they do not require a backlight, which increases their energy efficiency.完成下面句子，使其意思与原文相同1. The growth of social media platforms has led to an increase in cyberbullying.Answer:An increase in cyberbullying has been caused by the growth of social media platforms.2. The researchers found that there was a significant difference between the two groups.Answer:A significant difference between the two groups was found by the researchers.第二部分：专业术语练习选择最恰当的词汇，完成下面句子1. _______ is a circuit that can perform a single operation.A. DecoderB. EncoderC. Flip-flopD. GateAnswer:D. GateExplanation:A gate is a circuit that performs a single operation, such as AND, OR, or NOT.2. _______ refers to the process of converting an analog signal into digital form.A. SynthesisB. ModulationC. SamplingD. QuantizationAnswer:C. SamplingExplanation:Sampling refers to the process of converting an analog signal into digital form, where the value of the signal is sampled at regular intervals.根据定义给出对应术语1. The study of electronic devices and circuits.Answer:Electronics2. A device that supports the transfer of data between different networks.Answer:Gateway第三部分：阅读理解请阅读下面短文，并根据所提出的问题选择正确的答案。
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译文:通信的基本问题是如何在一点精确或近似的 再生来自另一点的信息。
Unit 1
原文: Frequently the messages have meaning, that is they refer to or are correlated according to some system with certain physical or conceptual entities. 译文:信息通常有具体含义，按照一定的物理或概 念实体，其含义与这些系统相互关联。
Unit 1
原文:The logarithmic measure is more convenient for various reasons: 1.It is practically more useful. Parameters of engineering importance such as time, bandwidth, the number of relays,etc.,tend to vary linearly with the logarithm of the number of possibilities. 译文:对数度量非常方便，理由如下： 1.对数度量在实践中应用广泛。工程的重要参数 随数据概率的对数而线性改变。 如时间、带宽、 继电器数，等等。
Unit 1
原文: If the base 10 is used, the units may be called decimal digits. Since log2 M log10 M / log10 2 3.32log10 M （1.1） 译文:如果以10为底产生的单元可以被称为十进 制数字。因为
Unit 1
原文:The fundamental problem of communication is that of reproducing at one point either exactly or approximately a message selected at another point.
log2 M log10 M / log10 2 3.32log10 M Nhomakorabea（1.1）
Unit 1
原文:A decimal digit is about bits. A digit wheel on a desk computing machine has ten stable positions and therefore has a storage capacity of one decimal digit.
Unit 1
原文:2. It is nearer to our intuitive feeling as to the proper measure. This is closely related to (1) since we intuitively measures entities by linear comparison with common standards. 译文:2.对数更接近我们本身的直观感受。这与 （1）紧密相关，由于相比于通用标准我们是线性 直观地测量实体对象。
Unit 1
原文:3.It is mathematically more suitable. Many of the limiting operations are simple in terms of the logarithm but would require clumsy restatement in terms of the number of possibilities. 译文:3.它在数学上更合适。许多受限操作在对数 上是简单的，然而是数的概率需要笨拙的描述。
Unit 1
原文:The system must be designed to operate for each possible selection, not just the one which will actually be chosen since this is unknown at the time of design. 译文:系统必须被设计成为每个可能的选择进行运 行，而不仅仅是那个实际上将被抽中的，因为这 在设计时是未知的。
Unit 1
原文:As was pointed out by Hartley the most natural choice is the logarithmic function.
译文:如Hartley所指出的，最自然的选择是个对 数函数。
Unit 1
原文: Although this definition must be generalized considerably when we consider the influence of the statistics of the message and when we have a continuous range of messages, we will in all cases use an essentially logarithmic measure. 译文:当考虑到这个信息统计的改变并且已知信息 的连续范围，尽管这个定义必须相当广义，但不 论什么情况下本质上我们都将使用对数测量。
Unit 1
原文:If the number of messages in the set is finite then this number or any monotonic function of the number can be regarded as a measure of the information produced when one message is chosen from the set, all choices being equally like. 译文:如果集合中信息的数量是有限的，那么当一 个信息被从所有的选择是等概的集合中抽出时， 这个数或这个数的任何单调函数可被认为是信息 的度量。
Unit 1
原文:These semantic aspects of communication are irrelevant to the engineering problem. A significant aspect is that the actual message is one selected from a set of possible messages. 译文:这些通信的语义方面与工程问题不相干。一 个重要的方面是那个实际的消息是从一组可能的 消息中选出来的。
译文:在本学科，Nyquist和Hartley的重要论 文中包含了这种理论的基础。
Unit 1
原文:In this paper we will extend the theory to include a number of new factor, in particular the effect of noise in the channel, and the savings possible due to the statistical structure of the original message and due to the nature of the final destination of information. 译文:在本文中，我们将这些理论进行扩展，包括 许多新的因素，尤其是信道中噪声的影响，以及 可能由于原始信息的统计结构和信宿的特性所导 致的信息存储。
Unit 1
原文:The choice of a logarithmic base corresponds to the choice of a unit for measuring information. If the base 2 is used, the resulting units may be called binary digits, or more briefly bits, a word suggested by J.W.Tukey. 译文:对数底的选择对应测量信息单位的选择。如 果以2为底，产生的位将称为二进制数字，或更简 要地叫比特，它是由J.W.Tukey建议的词。
Unit 1
Basics of Communication
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A Mathematical Theory of Communication
Unit 1
原文:The recent development of various methods of modulation such as PCM and PPM which exchange bandwidth for signal-tonoise ratio has intensified the interest in a general theory of communication.
译文:各种调制方法，如PCM和PPM，能够完成 带宽与信噪比的交换，它们的发展增强了通信理 论的重要性。
Unit 1
原文:A basis for such a theory is contained in the important papers of Nyquist and Hartley on the subject.
Unit 1
原文:A device with two stable positions, such as a relay or a flip-flop circuit, can store one bit of information. N such devices can store N bits, since the total number of possible states is 2 Nand log2 2 N . N 译文:具有两个稳定状态的设备能储存一比特信息， 如一个继电器或一个触发电路。N个这样的设备 能储存N比特信息，是由于所有可能状态的数量 是 2 N 个并且 log2 2 N N 。