虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法

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虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法(if条件句)

虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法(if条件句)

在写作中的应用
创作文学作品中
在创作小说、诗歌等文学作品时, 虚拟语气可以用来表达虚构的情 节和角色情感,增强作品的情感
色彩和艺术效果。
撰写学术论文
在撰写学术论文时,使用虚拟语 气可以表达假设的情景或条件, 例如在讨论不同政策或方案的影
响时。
写邮件和信件
在写邮件或信件时,使用虚拟语 气可以表达礼貌和尊重,例如在
在撰写商务广告和宣传材料时,使用虚拟语气可以增强语 言的感染力和说服力,例如“假如您正在寻找更好的产品 ,那么您来对了地方。”
感谢您的观看
THANKS
if条件句中的虚拟语气与时间状语从句的时态不一致
总结词
当if条件句中的虚拟语气与时间状语从句的时态不一致 时,通常是为了强调或表达与时间状语从句相反的情 况。
详细描述
在英语语法中,当if条件句中的虚拟语气与时间状语从 句的时态不一致时,通常是为了强调或表达与时间状语 从句相反的情况。这种用法能够使句子更加生动和富有 表现力,突出说话者对某个特定时间点的态度或情感。 例如,在句子"If I had known the answer yesterday, I would have told you."中,虚拟语气"had known" 与时间状语从句的时态"yesterday"不一致,强调了说 话者对过去的遗憾或后悔。
虚拟语气在条件状语从 句中的用法(if条件句)
目录
CONTENTS
• 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的基本结构 • 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 • 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的特殊情况 • 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的实际应用
01 虚拟语气在条件状语从句 中的基本结构

if的虚拟语气用法

if的虚拟语气用法

if的虚拟语气用法if的虚拟语气用法指的是在虚拟状态下使用if来表示一种假设或假定,以此来强调发言中的某些想法。

比较常见的情况是在if引导的条件状语从句中使用过去时态,而主句中使用动词形式却是在现在时形成对比或强调的效果。

虚拟语气的句型常以were或had been开头,但仍需视具体情况而定,主要如下:1、If + 主语 + had been / were + 其它:表示虚拟的假设,此句型后面将由would / could / might + 动词原形来表示从句的内容,如:If I had been richer, I would have bought a car. (假如我富裕些,我会买辆车。

)2、If + 主语 + were to + 动词:表示主语可能发生的假设动作,如:If he were to resign, what would you do? (假如他辞职了,你会怎么做?)1、假设状语从句中虚拟语气呈现在if引导的条件状语从句中,如If I had the money,这时使用的主句可以用一般现在式表示现在,或用一般过去式表示过去,但从句要用过去完成时来表示虚拟表示,如:If I had the money, I would buy a house. (假如我有钱,我会买房子。

)这里的had是表示虚拟,因为说话人的情况发生的可能性比较低;动词buy的复数形式表示的是可能性,即如果有钱,这种可能性应当发生。

2、感叹句中在口语中,常以Oh!开头的感叹句中,仍可用if引导的虚拟句子来表达虚拟的感叹,如:这里的had表示虚拟,由于工作可能已经完成,也可能没有完成;用only引出虚拟语气句,强调昨天完成工作可能性很小,但当有这种可能性时,是多么好!。

if虚拟语气的三种用法

if虚拟语气的三种用法

if虚拟语气的三种用法
1. 假设条件句:
假设条件句是主句前以if引导的从句,是表达对某种情况做出假设一种句式,主句可以根据if条件从句的时态而定。

If从句一般使用一般现在时表示对将来情况的假设,一般过去时表示对现在或将来情况的假设。

2. 愿望及希望句:
愿望及希望句是由if开头,表达愿望,如果愿望能够实现将会有怎样的结果。

它以一个主句和一个从句组成,主句使用一般过去时,从句一般使用‘would + 动词原形’的形式,表示希望和愿望。

3. 祈使句:
祈使句是由if开头,以imperative形式发出某种请求,要求对方按照发出的要求行动。

它以一个主句和一个从句组成,主句使用一般现在时,从句一般使用‘would + 动词原形’的形式,表示祈使的请求。

if引导虚拟语气的用法

if引导虚拟语气的用法

if引导虚拟语气的用法1、表示与现在事实相反的情况:从句:If主语+过去时(Be动词用were)主句:主语+XXXdoeg:1.If I were you,I would take an XXX.如果我是你,我会带把伞。

(事实:我不可能是你)2.If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。

(事实:不知道)3.If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。

(事实:地球上既有空气也有水)4.If I had any money with me,I could lend you some.假如我带钱了,我就会借给你些。

(事实:没有带钱)5.If he XXX,he might pass the exam.如果他再努力些,就能通过考试了。

(事实:没有努力)6.she looked at me as if I had been a stranger.她看我的样子好像我是一个陌生人。

(事实:我并非陌生人)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句:If主语+had+done主句:主语+should/would/could/might+have doneeg:1.If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。

事实:去晚了)2.If he had XXX my advice,he would not have made such a XXX.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。

事实:没有听我的话)3、透露表现对未来情形的客观推测主句:主语+should+do从句:①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should/would/could/might+do③if+主语+did(动词过去式)/wereeg:1.If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。

虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法

虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法
to the boss. 假如他不是那么粗鲁地跟老板说话,他就不会被解雇了. 〔事实:他已经被解雇
错综条件句
虚拟条件句中,结果主句和条件从句的谓语动 作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相 应的调整.这种条件句叫错综条件句.
①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动 作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符.〔假如 过去... 现在就会... 过去和现在都是与实 际不符的 eg:
表示对将来情况的虚拟
▪ 从句:①if+主语+were to do

②if+主语+should+do

③if+主语+过去式〔be动词用were
▪ 主句:主语+should/would/might/could+动词原形

▪ 1.If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.
▪ 如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈.〔事实:来的可能性很小,不可能
▪ 2.If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go
skating.
▪ 如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了.〔事实:下雪可能性很小,不可 能
▪ 3.If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the
matter.
▪ 如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末.〔事实:来的可 能性很小,不可能
表示对过去情况的虚拟
▪ 从句:If+主语+过去完成时 ▪ 主句:主语+should/would/might/could+have done ▪ 1. If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her. 如果我早

英语中-if从句中的虚拟语气用法-经常用到的知识点!

英语中-if从句中的虚拟语气用法-经常用到的知识点!

英语中-if从句中的虚拟语气用法-经常用到的知识点!每天坚持一点点,每天进步一点点。

1.If + were/did (动词的过去式),主语+would/might/should/could+do…用法该句型常用于表示对现在的情况的假设。

1)If I were you, I would not be so proud.如果我是你,我不会如此自负。

2)I don't have a cellphone. If I had one, it would be convenient for me to get in touch with others.我没有手机,如果有的话,和别人联系就方便多了。

3)If I were in your position, I would think better of it.如果我处在你的位置,我会重新考虑的。

2.If +had done, 主语+would/might/should/could + have done…该句型用于表示对过去或已经发生事情的虚拟假设。

1)What a pity it is that you didn't attend the concert yesterday! If you had attended the concert, you would have seen the famous singer.真遗憾昨天你没有去听音乐会!如果你去了,就能见到那位著名歌手了。

2)Anyone in this position would have done the same. If anyone had been in his position, he would have done the same. 任何处在他位置的人都会这样做的。

3.If + were/did/were to do/ should do, 主语+ would/might/should/could +do…该句型常用于表示对将来的假设。

if虚拟语气的用法造句

if虚拟语气的用法造句

if虚拟语气的用法造句一、if虚拟语气的基本用法if从句中的虚拟语气是英语中常见的一种语法现象,表示对未实现或假设情况的想象和假设。

它通常用在条件句中,表达与事实相反或不可能实现的情况。

下面将分别介绍 if虚拟语气在三种主要情况下的用法,并给出相关造句。

1. 表示与现在事实相反的情况使用if引导条件从句时,主句常使用过去时态来表示与现在事实相反的情况。

构成形式为:如果(If)+ 主语 + 过去式(动词原形),主句+would/could/should/might + 动词原形。

示例:If I were rich, I would travel around the world.如果我富有,我会周游世界。

注解:这个例子表达了一个现在事实相反的假设情况,即说话者并非富有,因此无法进行世界旅行。

2. 表示对过去情况的虚拟推测当我们谈论对过去某个具体情况进行猜测或假设时, if从句中需要使用过去完成时态来表示这种虚拟推测。

构成形式为:如果(If)+ 主语 + had + 过去分词,主句+ would/could/should/might + have + 过去分词。

示例:If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.如果她学习更努力,就能通过考试。

注解:在这个例子中,if从句描述了一个过去的事实:"她没有努力学习",而主句则表示对过去的虚拟结果:"她没有通过考试"。

3. 表示与将来事实相反的假设使用if引导条件从句时,若我们想表达与将来事实相反的虚拟情况,则需要结合一些特定的情态动词来表示。

构成形式为:如果(If)+ 主语 + should/were to +动词原形,主句+ would/could/should/might + 动词原形。

示例:If it should rain, we would stay at home.如果下雨了,我们会待在家里。

if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气

if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气

if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。

该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。

一、if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断1、可以把条件句分为两类:1).真实条件句(Sentences of Real Condition):凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大,就是真实条件句。

例如:⑴、If I have tim e , I will help you with this work.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。

(2)、If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有时间的话,我们就一起去钓鱼。

)2).虚拟条件句(Sentences of Unreal Condition):当假设是不大可能实现时,就是虚拟条件句。

例如:⑴、If I were you , I w ould have attended the meeting. 如果我是你的话,就去参加会议了。

⑵、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话,就会看见他的老朋友。

⑴、If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.(如果昨天下雨的话,我们就会留在家里。

)2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。

只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。

通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。

判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。

通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。

②与现在事实相反。

③与将来事实可能相反。

3、“后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。

语法:虚拟语气(一)在if 条件从句中的用法;词汇:选修6 (Unit 1)中的重点词句与表达

语法:虚拟语气(一)在if 条件从句中的用法;词汇:选修6 (Unit 1)中的重点词句与表达

had+done would/could/should/might had + done+ have donedid; should + do; ere to do would/could/should/ mightdwere to do+ doYou could answer most of the questions now if you had reviewed the lessons last night.Maybe if I ____ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. (2011,北京卷30)A. studiedB. would studyC. had studiedD. was studying_____ I you, I would go with him to the party.But for their help, we ____ the program in time. (2009,安安徽卷,I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.They would have resisted but that they lacked courage. (= They would have resisted if they hadn’t lackedA A man who stopped drinking water would be dead in about 3days.possession possess [pə'zes]vt. 拥有;具有;支配有有支Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, sothey could decorate the superb palaces and great houses.they could decorate the superb palaces and great houses(选修6, P 2-18)1.2.The , painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent them. (选修6, P3-53)1k ff t t ith t di1.make an effort, try, esp. without succeedingHe attempted to leave but stopped. 【L.C】attempt to do; attempt doing总结一、虚拟条件句的用法回顾二、虚拟条件句的用法补充(三种变体)1、错综复杂句2、省略if 的条件句条件3、含蓄条件句三、重点词汇。

if 的虚拟语气的用法

if 的虚拟语气的用法

if 的虚拟语气的用法在英语中,虚拟语气是一种表达假设、愿望、建议等非现实情况的语法结构。

其中,if 引导的虚拟条件句是最常见和重要的虚拟语气形式之一。

if 从句中使用了虚拟语气,而主句则会采用一个相应的情态动词来表示可能性、不可能性或者必然性。

本文将详细介绍 if 的虚拟语气用法,并以具体案例进行说明。

一、表示现在或未来的条件1. 表示对现在事实的怀疑:如果 if 引导的条件从句与现实相反,则主句常使用与过去时间相关的情态动词(could, would, might),尽管从句所描述的情况是目前存在或未来发生的。

例子:If I were rich, I would travel around the world. (I'm not rich now, and maybe I won't be in the future, but this is just a hypothetical situation.)2. 表示对将来事件的假设:如果 if 引导条件从句描述某种假设,主句通常会采用与未来相关的情态动词(will, shall)。

例子:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. (We don't know if it will rain tomorrow or not, so this is just a hypothetical situation.)二、表示过去的条件1. 表示对过去情况的虚拟:如果 if 引导条件从句描述了过去某个时间的事实情况,但与事实相反,那么主句通常会使用与过去相关的情态动词(could have, would have, might have)。

例子:If she had studied harder, she could have passed the exam. (She didn't study hard enough, so she failed the exam. This is a hypothetical situation that didn't happen in reality.)2. 表示无法改变的过去情况:如果 if 引导条件从句表达了对以往事件的遗憾、怀念或不同寻常反事实假设,主句通常会使用与过去相关的情态动词(could/would/should/might + 过去完成时)。

if条件句虚拟语气

if条件句虚拟语气

有关英语if条件句虚拟语气用法
if的虚拟语气用法:
1、现在时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反时,主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加动词原形,条件从句中的谓语用过去式。

2、过去时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反时,主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加have再加动词原形,
3、将来时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与将来事实相反时,主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加动词原形,条件从句中的谓语用过去式。

虚拟语气中,表条件的状语从句的if可以省略,但主语必须与动词易位(也就是倒装):
If it were not for his illness, he could do better.
=Were it not for his illness, he could do better.
如果不是因为他生病,他可以做得更好。

If he had money, he would buy that villa.
= Had he money, he would buy that villa.
对将来情况的虚拟:
主句:主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形从句:should+动词原形/were to+动词原形。

对现在情况的虚拟:
主句:主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形从句:动词过去式
对过去情况的虚拟:
主句:主语+would/should/might/could have+动词过去分词从句:had+动词过去分词。

if条件状语从句的虚拟语气

if条件状语从句的虚拟语气

if条件状语从句的虚拟语气推荐文章if条件状语从句的虚拟语气题目热度:关于救火的表扬信格式范文热度:专题辅导:高二英语虚拟语气用法指导及主谓一致练习题热度:高二英语学习:怎样提高英语成绩及虚拟语气讲解热度:高二英语语法虚拟语气专题练习及说明文写作模板热度:if 条件状语从句是英语中的一个难点,那么if 条件状语从句的虚拟语气又是怎么回事呢?下面是店铺为你整理的if 条件状语从句的相关资料,希望大家喜欢!if 条件状语从句的虚拟语气一.基本结构1. 与现在事实相反If + 主语+were/ did/ were doing, 主语+should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形强调:必须把上面的结构套用对!2. 与过去事实相反If + 主语+ had done, 主语 +should/would/ might/ could + have done.强调:必须把上面的结构套用对!3. 与将来事实相反If + 主语 + were/ did/ were to do/ should do, 主语+ should/ would/ could/ might do强调:必须把上面的结构套用对!第三个结构中,从句中的were to do可能性最小,should do的可能性稍大。

二.变化1. 错综时间条件句所谓错综,就是结构和我们的基本结构不一致,出现了从句用与过去事实相反,而主句则为与现在事实相反或与将来事实相反。

那么,我们就分别用各自的结构即可。

If + 主语+had done, 主语 +would/should/ could/ might do再将强调结构必须正确。

我们对比下面两个句子:If you had studied harder then, yoursituation would have been better.If you had studied harder then, yoursituation would be better now.注意:在错综时间条件句中,务必有明确的表示错综的时间状语,或者通过上下文能看出是时间的不同,否则,就必须按前面的基本结构套用。

if引导虚拟语气的用法

if引导虚拟语气的用法

1、表示与现在事实相反的情况:从句:If 主语+过去时(Be动词用were)主句:主语+should/would/could/might+doeg:1.If I were you,I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。

(事实:我不可能是你)2.If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。

(事实:不知道)3.If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。

(事实:地球上既有空气也有水)4.If I had any money with me,I could lend you some.如果我带钱了,我就会借给你些。

(事实:没有带钱)5.If he studied harder,he might pass the exam.如果他再努力些,就能通过考试了。

(事实:没有努力)6.she looked at me as if I had been a stranger.她看我的样子好像我是一个陌生人。

(事实:我并非陌生人)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句:If 主语+had+done主句:主语+should/would/could/might+have doneeg:1. If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。

(事实:去晚了)2.If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。

(事实:没有听我的话)3、表示对将来情况的主观推测主句:主语+should+do从句:①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should/would/could/might+do③if+主语+did(动词过去式)/wereeg:1.If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。

if的虚拟语气的用法

if的虚拟语气的用法

if的虚拟语气的用法一、引言在英语语法中,if的虚拟语气是一种常见且重要的语法结构。

它用于表达假设、推测和愿望等非现实情况下的条件句。

掌握好if的虚拟语气的用法不仅可以使我们更加流利地表达自己的观点,还能帮助我们理解他人所说的话。

本文将详细介绍if的虚拟语气的用法,以便读者能够准确理解并运用其中。

二、假设条件当我们谈论一个假设或非事实条件时,就需要使用if从句来表达虚拟语气。

以下是一个例子:如果我有更多时间,我会去旅行。

这个句子中,“如果我有更多时间”表示一个假设条件,后面的“我会去旅行”则表示与此条件相对应的结果。

在这种情况下,if从句使用过去式动词来表示与现实不符合或非真实事件。

主句则使用would来表达结果。

需要注意的是,在utilize基本形态时,要确保主从句之间时态一致,并且使用were代替was以避免错误。

三、现在事实与过去事实除了表示假设条件外,if还可用于表示对现在和过去事实的虚拟语气。

以下是一些例子:1. If I were rich, I would buy a big house.2. If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.在第一个例句中,使用了if的虚拟语气来表达与现实相反的情况:我不是富有。

第二个例句则表示对过去事件的虚拟语气:她没有通过考试。

需要注意的是,过去时态与过去完成时用于if从句中。

主从句之间时态要求一致,并使用would或could等情态动词来表示结果。

四、祝愿和建议if的虚拟语气也可用于表达祝愿和建议。

以下例子将说明其用法:1. If I were you, I would apologize to her.2. If only he could speak another language, he would have more job opportunities.在这里,第一个例子中的虚拟条件“如果我是你”,强调了说话人想给对方的建议;第二个例子中,则表达了希望他能够掌握更多语言以获得更多就业机会。

if条件状语从句中虚拟语气

if条件状语从句中虚拟语气

if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气一、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句;只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气;通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气;1. “后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态;即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”;也就是:①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示;②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示;③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示;主句中则用情态动词would,should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式;例:⑴、If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him.⑵、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.⑶、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out.2、注意事项:①if条件句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序;②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were;二、虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法:1. If it weren’t for your help, we would get into trouble. 如果没有你们的帮助,我们就会陷入困境;而事实上得到了你们的帮助the weather were fine, I would go there. 如果天气好,我去那儿;事实天气不好I were you, I would read it again. 如果我是你的话,我再读一遍;事实上我不是你time permitted, I would write it again. 如果时间允许的话,我再写一遍;事实上时间不允许it weren’t snowing, we wouldn’t stay in the house. 要是现在不下雪的话,我们就不会待在屋里;事实上现在下雪would I do if I were in your place要是我处于你地位我会怎么办事实上我不在你的位置上he hurried, he could catch the first bus. 他要是快点能够赶上头班公共汽车;可是他不着急8. If I were you, I should buy it. 从句用过去式动词were,主句用动词原形buy9. If I had time, I would study French. 如果有时间,我会学习法文;从句用过去式动词had,主句用动词原形study10. If she knew English, she would not ask me for help. 如果她懂英文,她就不必要我帮了;从句用过去式动词knew, 主句用动词原形ask 注意:如果动作在进行中,主句要用:"主语+ would be + 进行式动词+ ……" 14. If they were here, he would be speaking to them now. 从句用过去式动词were, 主句用would be speaking例如:⑴、If you had taken my advice, you would not have made such a mistake.如果你听了我的劝告,就不会犯这样的错误;事实上你没有听我的劝告⑵、I shouldn’t have been able to write such good novels if I hadn’t lived among the peasants for five years.如果我不是和农民生活了五年,就不可能写出这样好的小说;事实上我和农民生活了五年⑶、If you hadn’t invited me, I shouldn’t have come to the party.如果你不邀请我,我就不会来参加你的舞会;事实上你邀请了我⑷、If I hadn’t been ill yesterday, I might have come to school.昨天要是不生病,我是可能来上学的;事实上我生病了⑸、If he hadn’t broken the law, he wouldn’t have been put in prison.如果他不违法的话,就不会被打入监狱;事实上他违法了⑹、If I had been your headmaster, I should have dismissed you from school. 我要是你们校长的话,就把你开除学籍了;事实上我不是注意:如果动作在进行中,主句要用:"主语+ would + have + 完成进行式动词+……⑺、If they had been here, he would have been speaking to them.从句动词用had been, 主句动词用have been speaking⑴、I f I were to work at this problem, I would do it in another way.要是我来解这道难题,我会用另外一种方法的;⑵、I f you were to do such a thing again, you would be punished. 如果你再做这样的事情,就会受到惩罚;⑶、I f I should work harder, I could make much more progress.假如我更努力学习的话,我会取得更大的进步;事实上我不可能努力学习⑷、I f it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.如果明天下雨的话,我将待在家里;根据天气情况,明天不可能下雨⑸、I f he should come, I could ask him for some advice.万一他来了,我就能够向他请教;事实上他来的可能性很小⑹、I f he came tomorrow, I would do it with him.如果明天他来的话,我将和他一起做此事;事实上他来的可能性很小⑺、If it should rain, the crops would be saved.从句动词用should rain,主句动词用be 如果天下雨,庄稼可能就收获了;⑻、If he were here, I would give him the books.从句动词用were, 主句动词用give 如果他在这儿,我可能会把书给他;注意:如果动作在进行中,从句不是主句要用:"If + 主语+ 过去进行式动词+……"⑼、If she were staying here now, I would let her ride my horse.从句动词用were staying, 主句动词用let如果她现在留在这儿,我可能会让她骑我的马;。

if引导的虚拟条件句的用法

if引导的虚拟条件句的用法

if引导的虚拟条件句的用法虚拟语气是高中语法的一个重点、难点,也是高考常考内容之一。

下面是我对if引导的虚拟条件句谈一下自己对它的理解和认识,以便帮助大家更好的学习和掌握。

一、分清是虚拟语气还是真实语气所谓虚拟语气,表示动作或状态,不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测。

遇到if引导的条件状语从句,首先,你应分清是真实条件句还是虚拟条件句。

如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句;如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来也不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。

如:1.If it is fine tomorrow , I’ll go outing .(真实条件句)2.If you had come here yesterday , you would have seen him.(虚拟条件句)二、分清虚拟的具体时间对于if引导的虚拟条件句,结构比较复杂,主、从句,都得用虚拟,所以针对不同的句子,首先,你应根据主、从句判断是对何种时间的虚拟,即:现在、过去、还是将来,然后针对不同的时间,主、从句的谓语动词,用与之相对应的形式。

为了掌握不同时间的虚拟,请大家掌握下面的表格。

动词形式时间从句主句与现在事实相反动词过去式(be的过去式一般用were)WouldShould +动词原形Couldmight与过去事实相反Had+过去分词WouldShould +have+过去分词Couldmight与将来事实可能相反动词过去式/should+动词原形Were to +动词原形WouldShouldCould +动词原形mighte.g.1. 现在:If I were you,I should tell him the news.2.过去:If I had had the money last week, I should have bought a car.3.将来:If it were Sunday tomorrow,I should go to see my grandfather.三、混合虚拟条件句有时主从句时间不一致,针对这种情况主从句谓语动词应各按各的的情况,如:1.If you had listened to the doctor ,you would be all right now.(从句是对过去的虚拟,主句是对现在的虚拟)2.If you had practiced speaking English more, you would be able to speak it fluently.(从句是对过去的虚拟,主句是对现在的虚拟)四、省略if的虚拟条件句在if引导的虚拟条件句中,如果从句中有were,had 或should,可以省略if,把这几个词放在主语之前,构成主谓倒装。

if条件状语从句中虚拟语气

if条件状语从句中虚拟语气

if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气一、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。

只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。

通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。

1. “后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。

即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。

也就是:①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。

②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。

③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。

主句中则用情态动词would,should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。

例:⑴、If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him.⑵、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.⑶、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out.2、注意事项:①if条件句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序。

②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。

二、虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法:(一)、表示与现在事实相反的情况。

其句子结构为:从句:if + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be 用were) + ,,,主句:主语+ would (should, could , might) + 动词原形+ ,,例:1. If it weren’t for your help, we would get into trouble. 如果没有你们的帮助,我们就会陷入困境。

(而事实上得到了你们的帮助)2.If the weather were fine, I would go there. 如果天气好,我去那儿。

if 条件句虚拟语气

if 条件句虚拟语气

If条件状语从句虚拟语气三种时态1、对现在情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用一般过去式,主句用“would/should/might/could+动词原形”形式,表示对现在不可能实现情况的假想。

If I were you,I would choose to work in a small town.如果我是你,我会选择在小城镇工作。

(事实上我不是你)注意:在条件从句中,如果谓语动词是be的形式,不管主语是单数还是复数,书面语中用were,而口语中如果是单数,也可以用was,不过在if I were...中一般用were.2、对过去情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用过去完成式,主语用“would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词”形式。

If it had not been for your help yesterday,I could not have caught the bus.如果昨天没有你的帮助,我不会赶上公交车。

(事实是你昨天已经帮助了我,所以我赶上了车)3、对将来情况的虚拟在表示与将来事实相反的条件从句中,谓语动词可用should do,were to do或动词的过去式三种形式表示,但意义略有不同。

should表示的可能性最大,动词过去式的可能性次之,were to do 的可能性最小。

If things were to be twice,all would be wise.假如凡事都可以重新做一次,人人皆可成为聪明人。

(事实是并不是所有的事都可以重新做一次)注意:在书面语中,如果虚拟条件从句中有were,had 或should,可以把if省略,把这几个词放到主语之前,构成主谓倒装。

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虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法在if 引导的虚拟条件句中,若表示与现在事实相反,从句谓语用“动词过去式(be 的过去式用were ),主句谓语用“would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词”;若表示与将来事实相反,从句谓语用“动词过去式(were to +动词原形,should+动词原形)”,主句谓语用“would(should, could, might)+动词原形”。

若把从句中were, should 或had移到句首,可省略从句的连词 if 并使用倒装语序.① If my lawyer ___here last Saturday ,he ____me from going.(NMET’89)A. had been ;would have preventedB. had been ; would preventC. were ;would preventD. were;would have prevented②---If he ____,he ____that food.--Luckily he was sent to the hospital imme diately.(MET’93)A. was warned ;would not takeB. had been warned ;would not have takenC. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken③I didn’t see your sister at the meeting .If she ___,she would have met my brother.(NMET’94)A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come④____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.(1994,上海)A. WereB. shouldC. WouldD. Will2.考查通过上下文或介词短语表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气的用法在英语中,有时假设的条件不是通过if 条件句表达出来,而是通过上下文或without, but for 等介词构成的短语表达,其谓形式要根据所假设的时间,与if 从句所表达的时间对应,确定主句谓语形式。

[考例]⑤Without electricity human life ____quite differenttoday.(NMET’91)A. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be⑥I told Sally how to get here ,but perhaps I ____for her .(NMET’94)A. had to write outB. must have written it outC. should have written it outD. ought to write it out⑦without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night___, too cold for us to live.(1997,上海)A. would be freezing coldB. will be freezing coldlyC. would be frozen coldD. can freeze coldly3.考查虚拟语气在as if 引导的方式状语或表语从句中的用法As if 引导的方式状语或表语从句,谓语动词用“一般过去式”表示与现在事实相反;用“would(might, could)+动词原形”表示与将来事实相反。

]⑧The two strangers talked as if they ____friends for years.(1993,上海)A.should beB.would beC.have beenD.had been⑨When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_____.(NMET’95)A.breaksB.has brokenC.were brokenD.had been broken4.考查虚拟语气在wish 后面宾语从句的用法Wish 后面的从句,谓语用“过去式”表示现在不能实现的愿望;用“had+过去分词”表示过去没有实现的愿望;用“would(should,could) +动词原形”表示将来不能实现的愿望。

[考例]⑩ I wish I_______you yesterday.(Met”88)A. seenB.did seeC.had seenD.were to see5.考查虚拟语气用于宾语从句的用法。

在及物动词insist ,order ,require ,demand, command等后面,宾语从句所说的是尚未发生的事,所以谓语要用与将来事实相反的虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”表达。

其中should 可以省略。

考例(11)The guard at the gate insisted that every body _______therules.(MET’85)A. obeysB. obeyC. will obeyD. would obey(12) The officer ordered that everybody ____part in the campaign. (1986.上海)A. takeB. taken c. took D. will take答案:1-5 ABDBD 6-10 CADCC 11-12 BA1. Elize remembers everything exactly as if it _______yesterday.(2006全国卷一)A. was happening B .happens C. has happened D. happened解析:D. 考察虚拟语气.as if 引导的从句通常用虚拟语气.又因 remember知与现在事实相反,因此用一般过去时.2. _____fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. (2006湖北)A. would you beB. should you beC. could you beD. might you be解析:B考察虚拟语气的倒装.if 引导的条件状语从句,如果用虚拟语气,可以把if 省略,将助动词were, had 或should 提前,构成倒装.3. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They ____at least 150 kilometers an hour.(2005 重庆)A. should have been doingB. must have been doingC. could have doneD. would have done解析:B 考察虚拟语气.表推测4. He paid for a seat, when he ____have entered free.(2005 山东)A. couldB. wouldC. mustD. need解析: A. 考察虚拟语气情态动词的用法5. Mr.White ______at 8:10 for the meeting, but he didn’t show up.(2004全国卷三)A. should have arrivedB. should arriveC. should have had arrivedD. should be arriving解析: A 本题考察虚拟语气及责备的用法. Should have done 结构,表过去原本该做而没做的事.高考预测:1. What would have happened if you____her child ?A.hadn’t helpedB. couldn’t helpC. wouldn’t helpD. didn’t help解析:A表示过去时间的虚拟是条件从句,用过去完成时,主句用would (should)+have + 动词原形。

2. If I ___with her last summer, I ___with her now .A. worked ---am getting on very wellB. had worked ---will get on very wellC. had worked ---would have got on very wellD. have worked ---will get on very well.解析:B。

本题是混合式虚拟语气。

主句是对现在时间的虚拟。

3. The boss ordered that he ___the work at onceA. startsB. will startC. would startD. start解析:D order, suggest 等词后的宾语从句,要用虚拟语气,构成为should +v, should可以省略。

4. The little hero’s pale face suggested he ________dead.A. isB. wasC. should beD. be解析;B 不作建议讲时,宾语从句谓语不用虚拟语气。

5._________I known it, I should have told him .A. haveB. hadC. havingD. If解析:B 这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,如非真实性条件句谓语含had ,should ,were 时,可将这些词提到句首,省去if.6.If you had gone to a doctor, you ________all right now.A. would not comeB. might not comeC. should not comeD. could not come解析:C 表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气句。

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