英文写作常用词

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英语六级作文写作常用词汇

★以下是英文写作翻译频道为大家整理的《英语六级作文写作常用词汇》，供大家参考。

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561. out of reach of 无法够到. within reach of (or within one’s reach) 够得到,能拿到 562. react to 对…作出反应 563. react on / upon 对…产生影响 564. react against 作出反抗或反对反应 565. (be) ready for 准备好做… 566. in reality (=in fact, really) 事实上 567. beyond all reason 没有道理的 568. by reason of (=because of) 由于,因为569. it stands to reason that …理所当然 570. reason with (=argue) 劝说 571. in the red 亏损,负债,赤字；(be) get out of red 不再亏损572. refer to…as 把…称做… 573. refer…to… (=send, take) 送交,呈交 574.with/in reference to(=concerning, about)关于 575. with/in regard to (=concerning)有关,关于576. give one’s regards to sb. 向…问候577. regardless of (=without worrying about, despite, in spite of) 不顾,不考虑 578. in/with relation to 关于, 有关 579. relevant to 与…有关的580. to one’s relief 令…感到放心的是581. relieve…of… 解除,解脱;帮助拿,辞退 582. rely on 依靠, 信赖 583. remark on(upon) 对…发表评论 584. remedy for 对…治疗法, 补救, 药物 585. remind sb. of 提醒某人…,使某人向想起 586. in good repair(=in good condition)处于良好状态; be under repair 在修理中587. reply to 答复, 回答588. beyond reproach不受责备的;beyond(all) reason毫无道理;beyond question毫无疑问;beyond belief以相信;beyond hope绝望 589. resort to 诉诸于.., 求助于…；resort to force 诉诸于武力 590. in/with respect to (=concerning)有关,关于591. respond to 对…反应, 响应, 对(药)有效592. in response to(=as an answer to)回答,反应 593. be response for 对…负责, 是造成…原因 594. rest on/upon(=be supported by)依靠,寄托595. rest with (=be in hand of) 在…手中, 是…的责任; 由…决定; 依靠596. restrain…from(=hold back from)抑制..不.. 597. restrict…to(=keep within limits)把..限制于.. 598. result in (=cause) 导致 599. with the result that 其结果是 600. in return (for) 作为报答; 以报答(for) 601. get rid of 摆脱, 去掉, 除去 602.be in the right 正确的;in the wrong错误的603. be within one’s rights(to do) 有权(做) 604. give rise to (=lead to) 引起, 导致605. at the risk of(=with danger of)冒...的风险606. run(take)risk of (=do sth dangerous)的风险 607. rule out (=exclude, eliminate) 排除 608. in safety 安全地 609. for the sake of ( =for the good or advantage of ) 为了…起见 610. be for sale 待售 611. on sale (=offered to be sold) 出售, 上市 612. be satisfied with 满意 613. on a large scale 大规模地 614. on schedule(=at the planned or exacted time)按时,准时;ahead of schedule提前; in advance预先;behind schedule落后于计划进度,晚于规定时间 615. be schedule for 定在某时(进行) 616. scrape through(in) 勉强通过617. from scratch(=from the beginning)从头开始 618. in search of 寻找;in honor of 为了...表示敬意;in memory of 为纪念..;in hopes of为期待..;in pursuit of 为追求..;in behalf of为…的利益;in favor of 为赞成…;in support of 为支持… 619. in season 旺季 620. in secret 秘密地; in private 私下 621. senior to 比…年长; junior to 比…轻; superior to 比…更好; inferior to 比…差 622. in a sense 在某种意义上 623. sensitive to 对…敏感; sensible (of)觉察到的; sensational耸人听闻的 624. in sequence 按顺序, 按先后次序 625. share in (=have a share in) 分摊, 分担 626. share sth. with 与…分享,分担,分摊,共用 627. be shocked at / by 对…感到震惊 628. fall short of 达不到 629. go short of (=be without enough of) 缺乏 630. for short (in a short form) 为简便,简称 631. in short (=in a few words, in brief)简称 632. in short supply 供应不足 633. be short of (=lacking enough)缺乏,不够 634. be shy of 难为情, 不好意思 635. at the side of 与…相比 636. take the side of 站在…一边 637. catch the sight of (=see for a moment)瞥见 638. at the sight of 一看见… 639. (be)in sight (=in view, visible) 看得见；out of sight 看不见 640. know sb. by sight 与…只面熟 641. on the sly (=secretly) 偷偷地642. smell of 有…的气味643. be sorryabout/for 懊悔的,后悔的,难过的 644. speak ill of 说…的坏话;speak well of 说…的好话 645. specialize in 专门研究, 专攻 646. in spite of (=despite) 尽管 647. on the pot(=at the place of the action)在现场, 在出事地点; 或(=at once) 立即 648. take a stand against 采取某种立场反对；take a stand for 采取某种立场支持… 649. stare at 目不转睛地看, 凝视, 盯着 650. in step 步伐一致; out of step 步伐不齐 651. stick sth. on 把…贴在…上652. stick to 粘着, 坚持653. stick at (=continue to work hard at)继续勤奋地致力于…;stick one’s work 坚持工作; stick at one’s books 勤奋读书 654. stick to (=refuse to leave or change)坚持; stick to one’s promise 比喻食言；stick to one’s friend 忠于朋友 655. in stock 有….货 656. be strict with 对…严格要求657. be/go on strike 罢工658. subject…to(=cause…to experience)使受..到 subject (adj.) to 易受到…的 659. submit…to 提交660. substitute…for 以…代替… 661. suffer from 患…病; 受…苦痛662. be suitable for (=fit) 合适…的 663. in sum 大体上, 总之 664. supply sb. with sth 向某人提供某物 665. superior to 优于…, 比…好666. in support of 以便支持667. be sure of (=have no doubt; certain)确信的 668. for sure / certain (certainly, definitely) 肯定地.有把握地说 669. make sure about 弄清, 弄确实 670. be surprised at 对..惊奇;take…by surprise使…惊奇; to one’s surprise使某人惊奇671. suspect sb. of 疑心某犯有… 672. be suspicious of (=not trusting)对…有疑心 673. by sympathetic to/towards对…同情,赞同674. sympathize with sb. or sth. 对…表示同情 675. be in sympathy with 赞同,同情676. taste of 有…味道677. in good taste大方,得体;(反意)in bad taste 678. to(one’s) taste 合…的口味, 中意679. tell…from (=recognize) 辨别.认出 680. in terms of (=with regard to; respectively) 按照, 根据, 在…方面 681. be on good/bad terms with 关系好(不好) 682. thank sb. for sth. 因…感谢某人 683. think of(=have the idea of)想到;(=consider)考虑; (=remember)想起 684. on second thoughts 经再三考虑之后 685. be through with (=finishwith) 做好,完成 686. at one time 过去一度, 以前曾经 687. behind the times (思想,看法)落后于时代；behind time (=late) 迟到, 晚点688. for the time being (=temporarily)暂时689. in time(for) (=early or soon enough)及时；on time (=punctually) 准时 690. at no time 无论何时也不…；in on time (=very quickly) 立即,马上 691. at times (=occasionally) 间或, 时常；at all times (=always) 始终, 总是 692. at a time 一次, 每次; 同时 693. on top of 在…上面 694. in total (=all have been added up) 总计 695. be in touch with 与…有接触, 有联系；be out of touch with 与…没有联系或接触696. be true of适合于…的;be true to 忠于… 697. to trust …to 把…委托给698. place (put, have) trust in 依赖 699. in truth 事实上, 实在 700. by turns 轮换地 701. in turn (=successively; in order) 依次 702. be typical of 是…的特点703. for use 以便使用704. be in use (=be used)被使用; be out of use (=be on longer used)不再被使用 705. be used to+名词或动名词 : 习惯于；used to+动词原形 : 过去常常(做) 706. be unprepared for 对…无准备的 707. in vain (=uselessly) 徒劳 708. be valid for 对…有效的 709. in the vicinity 在附近; in close vicinity to 在靠近…的地方; in the vicinity of 大约 710. with a view to +动名词 (=in order to do sth.) 以…为目的 711. in view (=in sight) 看得见 712. in view of (=considering) 考虑到…；in the view of 按…的意思 713. by/in virtue of (=as a result of, by means of) 由于…; 依靠…力量 714. a warning against 告诫…不要；a warning of 警告…存在… 715. (be) on the watch for不断监视看有没有..；(be) on the watch against不断监视为防范… 716. be in the way (=obstructive) 碍事, 阻碍 717. (be)under way (=moving forward)正进行 718. by way of (=by going through) 经由,取道719. by the way(=in addition)顺带地(转移话题) 720. in no way 无论怎样也不… 721. in the way 对…方式 722. in a way 从某种程度上说 723. as a whole (=in general) 就整体而论 724. on the whole (=generally, for the most part) 大体上说725. against one’s will 违心地, 违背意愿地；at will随心所欲; with a will 有决心地 726. wish for 渴望某物;hope for 想要某物727. “with+名词+分词” 构成复合结构,作状语 728. word for word (=literally) 逐字地 729. in a word总之;in other words 换言之; have a word with sb.谈一谈; have words with sb.争吵;have the last word有决定权；keep one’s word 遵守诺言 730. work out ideas 出主意;work out the amount of…计算出…的数量;work out a problem解决问题;work out a puzzle解谜 731. at the thought of 一想到…worry about担心 732. at (the) worst 在最糟的情况下 733. yield to 对…屈服,投降,让步,顺从 734. be worthy of (=be deserving of)值得,够得上, 配得上。

常用初中英语写作词汇集锦

常用初中英语写作词汇集锦无论是用英语写作文还是记英语单词都需要记忆，小编下面就给大家分享实用的英语，学习一下提升成绩吧表示递进关系的关键词语Additionally 加之;又besides 此外;除……之外equally important 同样重要的是furthermore 此外;而且in addition 另外in other words 换句话说last but not least 最后但同样重要的是moreover 而且;此外that is say 即;就是;换句话说交通、保险fully comprehensive insurance 全险third-party insurance 第三者伤亡保险life insurance 人身险accident insurance 事故险insurance against theft 防盗窃险no-claims bonus 因未申报而扣除的保险赔偿kind of 与kinds of1kind of 单独用，表示“有点”，后接形容词或副词：He is kind of thin.”他有点瘦” I feel kind of hungry.”我有点饿”Uncle Wang speaks kind of quickly. 王叔叔说得有点快。

2若kind of前有a, this, that, what等，译为“种，种类” 后加名词。

That kind of question is difficult to answer. 那类问题难回答。

What kind of sport do you like best? 你最喜欢何种运动?3熟记一些短语：all kinds of...“各种各样的...” many kinds of“很多种类的”different kinds of“不同种类的” 后都加名词。

英语写作常用逻辑衔接词

英语写作常用逻辑衔接词逻辑衔接词在英语写作中起到了连接句子和段落的作用，使文章的结构更加紧密和流畅。

下面是一些常用的逻辑衔接词，可以帮助你在写作中表达观点、阐述论据、进行比较和对比等。

1.表达观点和论据：•Firstly, first of all, to begin with, initially, primarily,predominantly, above all, essentially, fundamentally•Secondly, next, in addition, additionally, furthermore, moreover, besides, also, equally important•Finally, lastly, in conclusion, to sum up, ultimately, all in all, in a nutshell, to summarize, to conclude2.进行比较和对比：•Similarly, likewise, in the same way, in a similar vein, equally, correspondingly, in comparison, by the same token•On the other hand, conversely, in contrast, whereas, while,however, nevertheless, nonetheless, yet3.表示因果关系：•Because, since, as, for, due to, owing to, thanks to, on accountof, as a result of•Therefore, thus, hence, consequently, accordingly, so, as aconsequence, for this reason, because of this4.表示条件和假设：•If, unless, in case, provided that, as long as, on condition that, supposing, assuming, granted that•Even if, even though, although, though, despite, in spite of,regardless of5.表示目的和结果：•So that, in order to, for the purpose of, with the aim of, withthe intention of, to this end, in order that•Consequently, as a result, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, so, for this reason6.表示时间顺序：•Firstly, initially, to begin with, at first, in the beginning,then, next, after that, subsequently, afterwards, later on •Meanwhile, in the meantime, during, while, at the same time,simultaneously, eventually, finally7.表示强调和转折：•Indeed, in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, certainly, surely, undoubtedly, of course•However, nevertheless, nonetheless, yet, still, though, on thecontrary, in contrast, alternatively8.表示解释和举例：•For example, for instance, such as, to illustrate, namely, inother words, that is to say•In particular, specifically, especially, particularly, notably, to be exact, more precisely9.表示目的和意图：•In order to, so as to, with the aim of, with the purpose of, for the purpose of, with the intention of10.表示顺序和层次：•Firstly, first of all, to start with, to begin with, initially, secondly, next, in addition, furthermore, moreover•Finally, lastly, in conclusion, to sum up, ultimately, all in all, in a nutshell, to summarize, to conclude。

英文写作术语大全(最新整理)

英文写作术语大全（中英文对照）abstract words抽象词acknowledgement致谢active voice主动语态affirmative sentence肯定句agent施动者alliteration头韵ambiguity歧义American English美式英语analogy类比analytic expression分析型表达anastrophe词语倒装法anticlimax order突降法anti-rhetorical反修辞antithesis对照\对偶antonomasia换称antonym反义词apostrophe撇号(即') appositive同位语archaic words古词argumentation议论文argumentative writing议论文写作article冠词ascending order递增法association联想attitude态度audience听众awkwardness拙劣balanced sentence平衡句base词根beginning开头beginning paragraph开头段落between sentences句际bibliography书目big words大词block contrast批对比法body主体bookish verbs学究式动词brainstorming头脑风暴法brevity简练British English英式英语broken sentence破碎句capitalization用大写case study案例分析casual style非正式文体causal analysis因果分析cause-effect development由因到果发展法central thought中心思想Chinese interference中文干扰Chinglish中国式英语choice of words选词choppy sentence断续句循环圆周结构circumlocutory兜圈子的clarity明晰classical rhetoric古典修辞模式classification分类发展法clear reference of pronoun代词前指明晰clear sentence意义明晰句cliché陈词滥调climax order递增顺序clipped words词省略拼法closing paragraph结尾段落coherence连贯coherent连贯的cohesion粘着性cohesive device粘着手段collective noun集体名词collocation搭配colloquial口语化的colloquial context口语语境colloquialism口语化colon冒号combination句子合并组合法comma逗号common words普通词常用语communication means交际手段comparison比较法Complete essay checklist作品核查项目单complete sentence完整句complex sentence复杂句complimentary close结尾套语compound sentence复合句复杂复合句conceptual repetition概念重复法concise简洁conclusion结论concrete illustration具体阐明concrete words实义词confusing sentence意义混乱句conjunction连词connective联系词connotation内涵connotative meaning内涵意义conscious logic逻辑意识consistency一致性consistent diction选词一致性consonant辅音consultative style商谈体content内容context语境contraction省略contrast对比法controlling idea主要思想，conversion词性转换表达法co-occurrence共现coordinating conjunction复合句连词coordination复合correlation相关性corrupt English 迂腐英语cross-cultural writing跨文化写作culture文化curriculum vitae简历dangling modifier悬垂修饰语dash破折号dateline写信日期栏declarative sentence陈述句deduction演绎法deductive演绎逻辑的deductive argumentation演绎论证definite article定冠词definition定义法denotation外延denotative meaning外延意义descending order递降顺序description描写descriptive描述性的descriptive writing描写文development发展diagram图表说明diction选词differentiation区别digressive跑题、离题的，印象法描写的直接法direct thinking pattern直接了当的思维模式directions题义指令discourse pattern篇章模式distance from tone语调产生距离，偏离计划主题division分析分类法documenting the paper论文引证domesticating strategy归化战略domestication归化法drably表达干巴draft草稿effect-cause development由果到因发展法effective paragraph表述有力的段落effective sentence表达有力的句子effective variety表达有力的变化egalitarian(思维)平等化elaboration进一步详尽阐述electronic news media电子新闻媒体embedding structure内嵌结构emotional coloring感情色彩emphasis强调emphatic phrases强调性短语emphatic structure强调性结构emphatic words强调性词语ending结尾ending paragraph结尾段落English thinking英语思维English thinking characters英语思维特征English thinking pattern英语思维模式enumeration列举法epigrammatic effect隽语效果establish context确立语境establish rapport建立沟通基础euphemism委婉语evaluating information评估材料evidence证据exclamation mark感叹号exclamatory sentence感叹句exemplification举例法expected functions（信件的）期望交际功能expletive虚词\填充词explicit language明示的语言explicitness明示性exposition阐述文\议论文expository writing议论文写作expounding解释详细说明expressionism表现主义fallacy in argumentation论证谬误familiar熟悉的faulty parallelism错误平行feedback反馈fiery language情绪激动的语言figure of speech修辞filler words填充词first draft第一稿first-person point of view第一人称flashback倒叙focus中心foreignization外化法foreignizing strategy外化战略formal 正式的formal letter正式信函formal repetition形式重复法formal style正式文体formal words正式体词语formulating thesis statement写作主题句four-character expression(汉语)四字成语fragmental sentence破碎句free choice自由选择frequency of usage使用频率frozen expressions极正式用语frozen style极正式文体full spelling完全拼法full stop句号fullness(段落发展)充分性general connotation普遍内涵意义general pattern常见形式general words一般词汇generalization概括法general-specific pattern由概括到具体发展模式genres风格、体裁gobbledygook官样文章、冗长费解的语言grammatical devices语法技巧grammaticality符合语法性heading信头historical association历史联想hyperbole夸张法hyphen分号hyphenated words用连字号连接的词hyponymy下义关系hyponym下义词ideographic synonym相对近义词idiom成语idiomatic usage习惯用法illustration佐证imperative sentence祈使句impersonal非个性化的、客观的implicit language含蓄语言implicitness含蓄implied meaning隐含意义impressionistic description印象描写法indefinite article不定冠词indent行缩进in-depth analysis深度分析individual words独立个体词individualistic个性化induction归纳法inductive归纳法的inductive argumentation归纳法论证法inductive reasoning归纳法论证infinitive mark不定式标记inflexible and explicit logic刚性显性逻辑informal非正式的informal letter非正式信函information focus信息中心information missing信息遗漏informative提供信息的、提供知识的innuendo讽刺、暗指inside address信内地址interpretation of examples对例子的诠释interpretative reporting诠释性报告interrogative sentence疑问句interrupting expressions插入短语intimate亲密intimate style亲密体inverted pyramid form倒金字塔形式inverted word order词序颠倒法involved modifiers复杂修饰语involved sentence意义复杂句irony反语jargon行话journalese新闻体journalistic writing新闻写作justify the significance论证意义keep to the point紧扣主题key words关键词lack of inflection缺少词形变化language problem语言问题learned words学术用词lengthy passage过长段落letter信函levels of usage用法层次lexical reference句法前指法lexical stylistic devices句法风格技巧line shifting换行linear thinking pattern线形思维模式listing列举literal meaning字面意义literary context文学性语境literary works文学作品literature review文献回顾litotes反语法、间接肯定法、曲言法locating information搜索定位材料logical paragraphing逻辑分段法logical thinking modes逻辑思维模式，逻辑词逻辑短语logicalness逻辑性long sentence长句loose sentence松散句loss of style偏离一贯的风格main body主体main idea主要思想main point要点manuscript手稿、原稿margin页边距materials collecting材料搜集materials sorting材料析选maxim of manner方式次则maxim of quality质量次则maxim of quantity数量次则maxim of relevance相关次则meaning意义means手段mechanical English缺乏灵活的英语message信息messy混乱metaphor隐喻metonymy借代midget words小词、常用词militant tone态度强硬的语调misplaced modifier错位修饰语modifier修饰语monotony单调mood语态mood shifting语态转换mouth-filler口头禅narration叙述体narrative叙述体的narrative writing叙述体写作nature of English language英语语言本质neat整洁negative meaning负面意义negative sentence否定句newly coined words新撰词news report新闻报道news report top-heavy新闻报道的头重模式nominalization名词化non-literature works非文学作品nonrestrictive clause非限制性从句nonrestrictive phrase非限制性短语nonverbal language非言语语言（手势、表情等）noun-oriented sentence倾向名词化的句子novel小说number数number shifting数的转换objective description客观描写obscurity意义不明on equal footing（写作风格）平等化one-sentence paragraph一句段落onomatopoeia拟声词opening paragraph开头段落organization组织outline提纲oxymoron矛盾修饰法padded expression兜圈子的表达parady仿拟paragraph段落独立实体的段落paragraph development段落发展法paragraphing分段法parallel structure平行结构parallelism平行结构parentheses插入语\圆括弧parenthetical expressions插入语passive sentence被动句period句号periodic sentence圆周句person人称person shifting人称转换personal个体化的personal connotation对个体而言的内涵意义personal letter个人信函personification拟人化persuasive writing劝服性写作、以劝说为目的的写作phonetic stylistic device语音风格技巧phrasal verbs短语动词plain sentence相对修辞句的平白句plantification拟物point意义点point of view观点point-by-point contrast逐点对比polite礼貌体的poor English英语表达力贫乏的positional relation位置相关positivist-empirical经验实证性power of communication沟通力practical writing应用文写作precise word表达精确的词汇precision精确prefix前缀preparatory reading写作预备阅读preposition介词presenting ideas阐述观点prewriting写作前printed name of the sender印刷体写信人姓名printed news media印刷体新闻媒体problem-solution提出问题-解决问题的模式process程序法pronoun代词pronoun shifting代词转换proofread校对proper names专有名词public（语篇系统特征）公开性pun双关语punctuation标点punctuation mark标点符号purposefulness目的性Queen's English标准英语question mark问号quotation引用quotation mark引号quoted speech引语reader读者readers-oriented读者为中心的reader-responsible读者文责的reasoning论证redundant collocation多余搭配reference line参考行register语域句际关系relative noun关系名词relative synonym相对近义词repetition重复repetition of structure结构重复法report writing报告写作research paper writing研究报告写作restatement重申法resume 个人简历return address回信地址returning to the beginning照应开头法revise修改rhetoric修辞rhetoric of sentence句子修辞rhetorical analogy修辞类比rhetorical question反问句rhetorical words华丽用语round character性格充分体现的人物roundabout style迂回风格run-on sentence“连环”句salutation称呼语sample样本sarcasm讽刺semicolon分号sentencing组句setting场景shades of meaning隐含义short preposition短介词short sentence短句short story短篇故事signature签名simile明喻simple English简明英语simple sentence简单句simple words简单词sincerity真诚性singleness of purpose目的唯一性situation情景situationally appropriate于情景贴切的slang俚语social association社会联想special terms特殊术语specific words具体词汇speech口头言语spelling拼写stage步骤法statistics数据法strength of meaning意义力度strength of word词语力度stringy sentence“连环”句structural behavior结构行为style风格、文体style is the man风格即人style makes sense风格即成意义stylistic coloring文体色彩stylistic label文体标记stylistic reference文体照应stylistic synonym风格近义词stylistically appropriate于文体贴切的sub-ideas次思想subject主题subject line主题行subject-oriented以主题为中心的subject-verb agreement主谓一致subordination句子从属组合法subsidiary points副观点substantial verb实义动词substitution替代法sub-topics副主题suffix后缀summary摘要superordinate上义词，高级词suspense悬念syllable音节syllogism三段论、演绎推理symbolic符号的synaesthesia通感，同感synecdoche提喻synonym近义词syntactical stylistic device句法风格技巧synthetic expression综合型表达systematic系统性tense shifting时的转换terse passage简练的行文test writing应试写作textual distribution文稿布局the right style合适的风格theme主题third-person point of view第三人称timed writing限时作文title writing标题写作to preach训导式、说教式to reason讲道理、逻辑论证tone语调tones of voice语气topic 话题topic sentence主题句transferred epithet/ hypallage移就transition过渡transitional mark过渡标记transitional techniques过渡技巧truthfulness真实性types of characters人物性格类别ungrammaticality不符合语法性unity统一性unnatural shifting不自然转换usage用法variation趋势分析variety多样化verbal language言语语言verbalization动词化verb-oriented sentence倾向动词化的句子vigor力度vividness生动vocabulary词汇vogue slang流行俚语vowel元音vulgar words平民词语word class词类word division断词法word order词序word power单词表达力wordiness多话、罗嗦wordy罗嗦的writer-responsible作者文责的writer's purpose作者目的writing写作writing attitudes写作态度writing process写作过程writing purpose写作目的zero affix零缀\词性转换法zero derivation零缀\词性转换法。

英文文章-论文写作常用词

为了：With a view to doing sth. (With a view to avoiding the inhomogeneous dispersion of rare-earth complexes within the silica matrix)with the aim of …(we have also investigated the preparation of cyclam-containing hybrid materials in the presence of a surfactant template with the aim of locating the cyclam moieties inside the framework.)In the goal to …（In the goal to extend the range of properties of these materials)In an effort to …(In an effort to produce new propene polymerisation catalyst systems which yield high molecular mass polypropylene with even greater specific isotacticities we have investigated the catalytic activity of mesoporous silicates with included chiral ansa-metallocenes.)首次：a original route to＋n. (a original route to Eu3+ containing hybrid materials.)相应的：the corresponding materials副产物：byproduct场发射扫描电镜：field-emission scanning electron microscopy平均半径：mean diameter (with 100μm mean diameter)就…而言：with respect to… (The preparation of mesoporous silicas which exhibit good hydrothermal stability (in hot water and under steaming conditions) is one ofthe most important requirements with respect to their use.)除了…之外：in addition to… (another V(V) species in distorted octahedral coordination starts to appear in addition to V10O286- for high vanadium content of V/(V+ Si) ) 48%.)Aside from… (Aside from a thicker pore wall, the framework crosslinkingwas higher than for conventional MCM-41, as indicated by 29Si MASNMR.)除了…：Except for… (Except for a slight decrease in the d spacing, compaction at 185 MPa does not have any significant effect on the XRD pattern of AlMCM4.)except that… (The experimental procedures were exactly as described aboveexcept that during the secondary synthesis the heating at 150 °C was performedfor 96, 140 or 168 h.)save for… (Incorporation of organic functional groups (MPTMS) inside thestructures appeared to have little influence on the structure and morphology ofthe mesostructures, save for slight lattice and pore diameter contractions uponincreasing organosilane group loading.)定向生长：The phased growth产生…：gi ve rise to… (The latter method gives rise to MCM-41 materials of excellent quality, but seems to be less convenient, since the structure directing agentsrequired are not readily available and need to be synthesized.)生物活性分子：bioactive molecules范例：paradigm剧烈地：vigorously代替…：in place of… (by using n-butanol as co-surfactant in place of ethanol)本身的，固有的：intrinsic摩尔比：a liquid/solid ratio of 50; an olefin/TBHP molar ratio of 4好的结果：a positive effect on…有…的结构：with…architecture (Organically-modified mesoporous silica spheres with MCM-41 architecture)with… type of structure (A series of new mesoporous silica materials withMCM-41 type of structure containing a homogeneous layer of organicfunctional groups inside the pores was prepared using a co-condensationmethod under low surfactant concentration condition.)残留的：residual红外：Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),因素：factor数量级的：order-of–magnitude (order-of–magnitude enhancements)与…一致：In accord with…(In accord with the tetrahedral siting of aluminum, the Br¢nsted acidity of these steamstable mesostructures was verified throughcumene cracking experiments.)Consistent with… (Consistent with elemental analysis, an increase in the Alconcentration on the framework walls was observed by XPS analysis.)be identical to… (A 150 °C onset decomposition temperature is consistentlyobserved for externally adsorbed on MCM-41 and is identical to thatobserved for pure 1.)be consistent with… (This is consistent with the incorporation of increasingamounts tetrahedral Al into the framework and is in part due to the longerAl–O bond length compared to the Si–O bond.)be in line with…(This is in line with the notion that the acid-mademesoporous materials are, in general, less stable than those synthesized viathe alkaline route.)50% 的Si被官能化：50% organo-functionalization of the framework silicon sites部分地：in part (We attribute the unique hydrothermal stability of Al-MSU-S at least in part to the retention of a zeolite-like connectivity of AlO4 and SiO4 tetrahedraupon assembling the zeolite seeds into a mesostructure.)在…的支持下：in support of…(in support of the importance of a zeolite-like connectivity)在…的基础上：On the basis of… (On the basis of the relationship between 27Al chemical shift and the mean bond angle in framework aluminosilicates, the meanAl-O-Si angle is substantially smaller (by~8°) in Al-MSU-S than inpreviously reported forms of Al-MCM-41.)比…好：be superior over…(the catalytic activities of the new materials are superior over conventional materials such as Al-MCM-41 and Al-SBA-15.)outperform (In the alkylation and isomerization reactions, the hybrid catalystsignificantly outperformed some of the alternative solid resin catalystscurrently used, e.g., Nafion resin NR 50 and Amberlyst-15.)归因于…：be assigned that…(This phenomenon is also assigned that the preformed L nanoclusters are fixed in the wall of mesoporous aluminosilicates by theassembly of preformed zeolite L precursors with surfactant micelle.)be attributable to…(It is clear that the improved hydrothermal stability ofMSUG, like SBA-15, is attributable in large part to the thicker frameworkwalls (2.5 nm) in comparison to MCM-41, KIT-1, and SBA-3.)be attributed to… (The instability of these structures has been attributed inpart to the thinness and incomplete crosslinking of the pore walls)be due to…(It was concluded that the increased acidity of hydrothermallytreated CAH5 and CAP10 was due to an increase in the Al/Si ratio in theframework.)在…之中：Of the three forms of polypropene, the highly ordered, high molecular mass isotactic form is the most important.研究热点：active area of research (The application of acid zeolites for the production of fine chemicals is currently an active area of research)所有的样品：all of the samples控温装置：temperature controller压力表：pressure gauge更具体的说：More specifically ( The TDS process consists of a direct displacement of quaternary alkylammonium surfactant cation by desired silyl group, whichin fact is the replacement of electrostatic interactions at theorganic-inorganic interface by covalent bonds. More specifically, theinteracting pairs ≡Si-O-∙∙∙S+ (≡Si-O- is a unit of silicate oligomer and S+ isthe surfactant cation) are replaced by covalent bonds ≡Si-O-SiR`2R.)差异：discrepancy (However, a large discrepancy observed for the model with hydrolyzed side groups led us to the conclusion that alkoxy groups did not hydrolyze during the TDS process.)与…相关：correlate with…(The aforementioned changes correlate with the silane’s size.)be associated with…(In the published progress, several reasons areassociated with the enhanced hydrothermal stability of mesoporous silica.)be linked to…(We show that the amount of gold incorporated within thematerials is linked to the amount of mercapto functions and varies from 1.05to 16.1 wt %.)经验方法：empirical fashions. (However, because zeolite nucleation and growth is not well understood at a molecular level, most of the zeolite syntheses haveevolved according to empirical fashions.)倾向…：be inclined toward…(On the other hand, the product after 2 days of aging was inclined toward various distribution of Al in the framework, resulting in highSi/Al ratio.)不是…而是…：be not…but rather be… (Energy minimizations show that Na cations in site I are not at the centers of hexagonal prisms, but rather are in one oftwo symmetric SI sites displaced by about 0.6 Å along the [111]direction.)be not…but …(However, in contrast to zeolitic materials, thetemplates are not single organic molecules but liquidcrystallineself-assembled surfactant molecules. )受制于…：be subjected to…(nomeric bonded phases are subject to serious effects arising primarily from an unsatisfactory hydrolytic stability of the Si-O-Si-Clinkage, particularly under moderately acidic or slightly alkaline elutionconditions, and to a lesser extent from a relatively limited organic coverage.) 原则上：In principle (In principle, this method should provide not only a closer attachment and a denser coverage of organic functionalities but also a morehydrolytically stable bonded phase than that obtained by the correspondingSi-O-Si-C linkage)由…组成：be comprised of… (The purpose of our work is to explore the possibility of synthesizing zeolites that are comprised of intergrowths of cubic andhexagonal stackings of faujasite sheets and vary in the ratio ofcubic/hexagonal content.)突破：breakthrough (A recent breakthrough in improving both the hydrothermal stability and acidity of mesoporous aluminosilicates has been made through the use of nanoclustered zeolite seeds as frameworkprecursors)相当地：comparatively (It was concluded that the enhanced reactivity was a result of a comparatively short pore length and the more facile access of the reagents tothe acidic sites on the framework walls.)不大可能：It is unlikely that… (It is unlikely that the framework wall of MCM-41 can be transformed to a crystalline zeolite phase while still maintaining thehexagonal MCM-41 mesostructure.)如上所述：As stated above (As stated above, this band arises from the five-membered ring of vibrations of pentasil zeolite building subunits.)不同的时间：different periods of time (Structural changes caused by heating in water at 373 K for different periods of time(from 3 hours to 32 days) and bycalcination at 973-1273 K were investigated in order to assess thehydrothermal and thermal stability of FDU-1.)更重要的是…：What is more important is… (What is more important is that within themesoscale pore walls, micropore arrays with more or less periodicityare found (especially in those areas marked with circles or rectangles inFigures 7 and 8).More importantly (More importantly, there are significant structuraldifferences between MCM-41 and HMS silicas.)是合理的：it is logical to do… (Based on these observations it is logical to conclude that the small particles are (nonframework) amorphous silica which is removedduring refluxing (by dissolution), leaving the Al-grafted MCM-41framework (i.e., the large particle aggregates) intact.)最令人感兴趣的是：Of particular interest are (were) …(Of particular interest areAl-containing materials which may be used as solid acid catalysts.) 以…为代价：be at the expense of… (The increase in wall thickness is at the expense of pore diameter which reduces from 31.6 Å for PSMCM to 25.8 Å forAlMCM5.)对…敏感：be sensitive to … (It was also observed that the course of the hydrothermal restructuring was very sensitive to the experimental conditions, such astemperature.)为了比较：For comparison purposes (For comparison purposes we prepared Al-grafted amorphous silica using an ACH solution of Al concentration 0.24 mol/l andalso subjected PSMCM to alumination by 0.24 mol/l solutions of aluminiumchloride or sodium aluminate. )由于：Owing to… (Owing to the weak hydrogen bonding interactions, more than 90% of the neutral template can be recovered by a simple extraction procedure using ethanol as extracting solvent.)注意到…：be aware of… (We are aware of only two reports that provide some insight into the thermal stability of OMSs with cage-like pores at temperatures up to1123 K, and two reports on the hydrothermal stability of these materials,including the aforementioned work on FDU-1.)keep in mind that (However, we must keep in mind that the reaction itselfwill be very efficient if each absorbed photon can lead to the the formation ofa product molecule.)与…成正比：be proportional to… (Based on the pore size distribution shown in Figure 3, the amount of these structural defects formed is proportional to the amountof Al substituted in the sample.)与…成反比：be inversely proportional to… (The quantum yield for an ideal system, Φ, is proportional to the rate of the charge transfer processes and inverselyproportional to the sum of the charge transfer rate and the electron holerecombination rate)在…中占主导：be prevailing in… (Such a structure is prevailing in HCM, as can be found from the TEM images at lower magnification.)在图的右下角：in the bottom right corner of the image对…有害：be detrimental to…(Too high an ssembly temperature, however, is detrimental to mesostructure ormation through S0I0 assembly pathways.)对…有益：be conducive to… (The extremely high specific surface areas are conducive to high catalytic activity.)参看下文：vide infra参看上文：vide supra与…不同：be different from (The formation mechanism, composition, and properties are different from those of MCM-41 materials synthesized under alkalineconditions.)受到关注：be of concern (However, the stability of these materials in aqueous solutions is of concern.)一开始：at [in] the outset (It should be noted at the outset that a clean, uncoated silica surface is perfectly wetting, such that the contact angle of water on a fullyhydroxylated silica surface is zero.)有益于…：be conducive to… (Moreover, the large diameter and wormhole nature of the pore channels in these oxides are conducive to the formation of functionalmaterials in which the reactive species are highly dispersed within theframework and quantitatively accessible for reaction with adsorbatemolecules.)受…启发：be inspired by… (Our procedure was inspired by that described by Prouzet et al. leading to MSU silica by using tergitol as structure-directing agent.)不管…：regardless of whether… (Both titaniasupported catalysts exhibited higher activity for CO oxidation than the silica, supported ones, regardless of whetherthey were pre-treated in H2 or not.)irrespective of… (Platinum-free, white AMM-Ti exhibited only a very weakactivity, irrespective of excitation in the UV or visible spectral region.)这样就…：in such a way as…(However, the ligand-assisted templating technique provided a shielding effect by the inorganic components on the amphiphilehead groups in such a way as to favor selfassembly versus solubilization ofthe templating agents.)在其他条件相同时：Under otherwise the same conditions (Under otherwise the same conditions, a HMS-SO3H prepared via co-condensation gave 52%yield within 10 h, presumably because of its more open structure.) 被…影响，顺序是…：The light-conversion efficiency of the valence isomerization ofquadricyclene to its ring-opened isomer norbornadiene isinfluenced by the identity of the photocatalyst (TiO2, CdS, orZnO) and the solvent (CH2Cl2, CH3CN, or THF) used, with thechemical yield of ring-closed product decreasing in thefollowing order CdS > TiO2>ZnO and CH2Cl2> CH3CN >THF.大多：in most cases (The selective photofluorination of olefins, phosphines, andphosphites on illuminated TiO2in the presence of AgF inacetonitrile produces, in most cases, a single fluorinatedproduct.)服从于…：be amenable to (Toxic phosphorus-containing substrates are amenable tophotocatalyzed decomposition, ultimately to completelymineralized products, over illuminated semiconductorsuspensions.)因为：in the sense that (The excitation of a weak transition will not effectively induce aphotochemical reaction in the sense that few of the deliveredphotons will actually be absorbed.)与…竞争：In competition with…(In competition with charge transfer to adsorbedspecies is electron and hole recombination.)与…对照：in total contrast to… (Complete mineralization has been achieved in the caseof lanthanide oxide doped TiO2 photocatalysts in totalcontrast to the formation of intermediates in case ofnonmodified TiO2.)是…倍：be…times (The equilibrium dark adsorption of salicylic acid and t-cinnamic acidis ca.three times and two times higher, respectively, on thelanthanide oxide modified catalysts as compared to the nonmodifiedTiO2 catalyst.)不是这样：that was not the case (When an electrode coated with 1 was irradiated at different wavelengths in a standard photoelectrochemical cell, a photocurrentwas observed also in the visible region; that was not the case whenunmodified titania was employed.)不足：drawback（A serious drawback in such systems, however, is that the surfactants）研究目的：main objectives失重（热重分析）：weight-loss。

英语写作常用的连接词详解(有例句)

英语写作常用的连接词详解（有例句）一、表示罗列增加1.First,second,third,首先，其次，其三例句：Nowadays why there are so many students dislike studying in school.First,it is an extremely uninteresting thing for the students to listen their teachers carefully.Second,it is unaccustomed for them to wake up early in the morning.Third,they would rather spend more time playing games than study at school.如今为什么有那么多的学生不喜欢在校学习呢。

首先是因为对于学生来说上课认真听老师讲课是件极度没兴趣的事情。

其次，那么早起床让学生们感到不习惯。

其三，比起在校学习，学生们宁愿花更多的时间在玩游戏上。

2.First,then/next,after that/next,finally首先/之后/接下来在那之后/接着最终例句：First,the government should investigate the origin of pollution,t hen analyses the statistics that was collected,finally, taking the best measure to copy with the serious pollution.首先，政府应该调查污染之源，之后分析收集起来的数据，最终，采取最佳方式解决严重的污染问题。

3.For one thing…for another…,On(the)one hand…on the otherhand,一方面……另一方面例句：For one thing/On one hand,it is the attractive profit that drives more and more businessmen to run the risk of sellingpirated products.For another/On the other hand,consumersalso play an essential role in the prevalence of piracy.一方面，诱人的利润驱使着越来越多的商人冒着危险贩卖盗版商品。

英文论文写作常用替换词(润色技巧)

英文论文写作常用替换词（润色技巧）1. individuals, characters 替换 people , persons.2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换good.3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换 bad （如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。

）4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of,a host of, if not most 替换 many.5. a slice of, quite a few 替换 some.6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think。

7. affair, business, matter 替换 thing.8. shared 替换 mon .9. reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits.10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion.11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换 more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。

所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.）12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换 hardly.13. beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful.14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替换 customer.15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换 very.16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable…替换unnecessary, avoidable.17. indispensable 替换 necessary.18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in.19. capture one's attention 替换 attract one's attention.20. facet, demension, sphere 替换 aspet.21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换 indicate,suggest, fear.22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause.23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换…reasons for sth.24. desire 替换 want.25. pour attention into 替换 pay attention to.26. bear in mind that 替换 remember.27. enjoy, possess 替换 have（注意process是过程的意思）。

英语作文作文常用短语常用连接词高中英语

常用连接词1.增补(Addition)in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what’s more, similarly, next, finally.2.比较(Comparison) in the same way, likewise, similarly, equally, in comparison, just as3.对照(Contrast) whereas, in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, even though, on the contrary, while4.因果(Cause and effect) because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result (of), accordingly, hence, so, thus5.强调(Emphasis) certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most important6.让步(Concession) although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true....7.例证(Exemplification) for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.8.总结(Conclusion) to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nutshell, in summary9.推断(Inference) therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise 10.时间和空间(Time and space) afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyound, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of 大家在使用这些词的时候要先弄清哪些是副词,哪些是连词.(副词不可以连接两个句子, 连词可以.)以下是按照另外一种角度来概括启承转合启 A proverb says...... At present....... As the proverb says.... Currently..... Generally speaking, .... Now,.... In general, ..... On the Whole.... It is clear that.... Recently..... It is often said that.... Without doubt, .......承First(of all), ...... Moreover, ......... Firstly, ............ No one can deny that.... In the first place, ......... Obviously..... To begin with, ......... Of course, ......... Also, ....... Similarly,......... At the same time...... Therefore, we should realize that..... Certainly...... There is no doubt that....... In addition,..... What’s more, .......... In fact........ It can be easily proved that... Meanwhile......转But... Still, ...... But the problem is not so simple... There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to....... However, ....... To our surprise,.......... Nevertheless, ........ Unfortunately....... On the other hand, ....... Yet difference will be found and that is why I feel that........ Others may find this to be true, but I do not. I think.....合Above all, In brief, ........ Accordingly, ..... In conclusion, ........ All in all, ....... In other words, it is hard to escape the conclusion that........ As a consequence, ......... In short, ......... As I have shown/said/stated/.... In sum, ........ In summary, ....... As has been noted, .... Obviously, ......... By so doing, ..... On the whole, ..... Consequently, ........ Presumably, ....... Eventually, ......... To conclude, ...... Finally, ........ To sum up, ..... In a word, ...... To summarize, ........英语作文写作常用短语及句子1、常用与开头的短语、句式（1）with the （rapidly）growing popularity of （computers/private cars）in China，the quality of our lives has been considerably changed。

英文写作常用高级表达

英文写作常用词汇替换Different: variousMore and more: increasinglyFace: be confronted withEmphasize: attach importance to / pay great attention to / give priority toMany: vast / overwhelming majority of / quite a few / a multitude ofDiscussion: debate / controversyAttention: focusHappen:occurRealize: be aware ofBelieve / think: hold / argue / maintainImportant: essential / vital / significantSupport: be in favor of / approve ofDisagree: disapprove of / frown on sth.Like: prefer / feel inclined to / be keen on / be fond ofGood: beneficial / positive / favorable / perfect / pleasurableBad: dreadful / unfavorable / poor / adverseObviously: goes without saying / needless to sayThat is: to put it differentlySecondly: besides / in addition / moreoverShow: indicate / reveal / suggest / proveNumber: figure / statistics根本表达(Basic Elements of English Writing) :越来越：be increasingly + adj., be on the rise, the growing number of人们认为：it is generally/widely believed/held/agreed that许多问题： a host of/a number of problems弓I 起人注意：claim call/attract general/public/world attention to sth.意识至U: there is a growing awareness/realization of/that, awaken sb. to the fact/danger 适应新白形势 /变化：adapt/adjust/accommodate oneself to new environment/change接触各种思想 /经历：be exposed to new ideas/experiences/problems接触社会：come into frequent/close contact with the world/society获得成功：achieve/accomplish success提出观,岚/建议：advance / put forward / come up with the arguments/ideas/suggestions作出努力：make tremendous/persistent/sustained effort to do sth., take great pains to do(with work/study) 影响学习/工作：interfere with studies/work产生影响：have/exert a profound influence on life/personality, have a dramatic/undesirable effect on较好地驾驭生活：be a better pilot of one's life录U夺时机/权力：deprive oneself of the chance/right/opportunity取代就的方式：substitute for/take the place of the old way采取举措：take effective steps/measures to限制我们的环境：take/gain increasing control over our own environment躲避危险/挑战：shy/run away from the dangers/challenge满足要求：meet/satisfy/accommodate the demand of补偿损失：compensate for/make up for the loss/damage解释某现象：account for/explain the phenomenon对... 很好的了解：have a better understanding/appreciation of, have a new perspective on.provide/gain an insight into把某因素考虑进去：take sth. Into account(consideration), give much thought to品位人生 /自由/青春：savor the life/freedom/youth培养对... 的信心：develop/foster one's interest/confidence in经历变化/ 困难双艮险： undergo/experience great changes/hardships/experience表现出自信心等: project one's confidence/feeling/image生活充满不公正的地方：life is full of minor irritation/injustice追求学习/职业：pursue one's academic interest/professional career学习知识/技术：pursue/acquire knowledge/technology/skill典范：be held up as a good example被看作学习的交流经验/知识：share experience/ideas/problems/knowledge发挥 /起至U重要作用：play an (important/active/great) role/part逃学/ 缺课：skip school/a class/a meeting/a lecture知识 /经验丰富：rich in knowledge/experience确立 /追求目标：set/pursue a goal/higher standard至U 达目标：achieve/accomplish/stain the goal/aim/objective克服困难：overcome obstacles/difficulty面।临危险/ 困难：be confronted/faced with/in the face of danger/difficulty阻碍了成功：stand in the way of success, be an obstacle/barrier to success/growth 阻碍了开展：hamper/impede/stunt the development of持传统的看法：hold conventional wisdom发表看法：voice/express one's opinion持相反 /合理的观点：take the opposite/fresh view揭穿某种一贯的说法：shatter the myth of求得帮助：enlist one's support/help缩/」、差另1J ：bridge/narrow/fill the gap/gulf (between city and country)把成功/错误归咎于：attribute/own the success/failure to对 ... 重要：be indispensable/important/vital to施力口压力：put/exert a academic pressure on重视：assign/attach much importance/significance to强调：place/put much emphasis/stress/value on把注意力集中在：focus/concentrate one's attention/efforts/thoughts upon提供时机/信息p: provide/offer/furnish an opportunity/information for sb.抓住时机：grab/seize/take the opportunity得至U时机：enjoy/gain access to a opportunity/information有可能：there is (little/much) possibility/likelihood that, chances/the odds are that展开竞争：compete against/with sb. for the prize/position/control/the mastery of 开展运动：conduct(carryon/undertake/initiate/launch/wage) a (vigorous/nation-wide/publicity/advertising) campaign (for/against)对我很有/没有什么意义：make much/little sense to me带来无穷的幸福/满足：be a source of happiness satisfaction/contentment/pride/complaint献身于：devote/dedicate/commit oneself to a cause/career大不(没什么)两样：make much(little/no) difference真正重要的是：what really matters/accoun ts is …改变生活旅程：change/alter the course of life建立在大量的学习/实践上：built on tremendous amount of study/practice进行调查 /执行任务：conduct/carry out an study/task/experiment辞去工作/学习：leave/quit one's job/work/school参加测试/竞赛等：enter (for) the examination/contest, race参力口活动 /讨论：take part/participate/be engaged in sports/activities/discussion影响思想/态度/事件的形成：shape one's thinking/attitude进入大学/社会/家庭/劳力市场/职业：enter a school/college/society/the work force/professionals实现自己的理想 /愿望：realize/fulfill/achieve one's dream(hops/wish/desire)减轻压力/紧张：reduce/alleviate/relieve the stress/pressure/tension提升社会地位：enhance/improve/upgrade social status/position/standing rise to the positionof leadership提升技术 /水平：sharpen (increase/improve/enhance/boost) one's skill/ability力口快 /促进开展：accelerate/facilitate/advance/enhance/boost the development of随着生活节奏的力口快：w ith the quickening pace/rhythm/tempo of modern life/society开阔眼界/兴趣：broaden one's interest/outlook, expand(broaden/enlarge) one's mental horizons有助于了解 /开展 /宣传 /解决：contribute much/little/greatly/to a better understanding of/the popularity of/the growth of/the solution of有助于解决问题：go a long way to(towards) solving the problem迷恋名禾 1 /分数：be obsessed/preoccupied with grades/fame/fortune把时间花 /浪费在：spend/waste time doing sth., put in hours doing sth.禾U用时机/技术：make (full/better) use of/take advantage of opportunity/time, tap/harness把知识 /经验运用至U …：apply/put the theory/knowledge/experience 丸.practice/daily life/good use充分发挥潜力 /水平：develop one's ability/potential to the full, give full play to one's ability 充满激情/渴望：have a burning desire/a great passion for精彩短语1欣赏大自然的风景to appreciate the scenery of nature2培养公德心to cultivate the public mindedness3维护健康to maintain health4保护环境to protect the environment5开拓视野to broaden the horizon6开拓心胸to broaden the mind7调剂生活to make life pleasant8松散身心to relax oneself9启迪心灵to enlighten the mind10灌输知识to impart knowledge into someone11追求理想to seek after the ideal12实现抱负to realize one ' s ambition13守信用to keep one ' s promise欣赏古典文学 to appreciate the classical literature 学习吉他 to learn guitar陶冶品德 to cultivate the character 奉献国家 to contribute oneself to the country 锻炼身体 to strengthen, exercise the body 缺乏休闲活动 to lack recreations 作笔记 to take notes 使用参考书 to use reference books 关心社会 to be concerned about the society 月艮从校规 to follow the rules of the school 尽身为学生的责任 to fulfill one ' s duty as a student 克月艮困难 to overcome the difficulty 面临困难 to be confronted with the difficulty渡过困境 to weather the storm 走快捷方式 to cut the corner 量脉搏 to feel the pulse 开药方 to prescribe the medicine 坚守原那么 to stick to the principle 注意卫生 to emphasize the importance of hygiene舌L 丢垃圾 to litter; to scatter garbage141516171819202122232425262728 293031323334美化环境 to beautify the environment 种植树木 to grow trees 预防污染 to prevent the pollution 提升生活质量 to promote the qualities of life造成损害 to do damage toXt … 有益 to benefit; to be beneficial to Xt … 有害 to be harmful to; to do harm to 任意停车 to park the car at random 制造噪音 to make noises 占用人行道 to occupy the sidewalk 阻碍交通 to hinder the traffic 排放污烟、废气 to belch smoke, exhaust, fume 造成不使 to cause inconvenience 造成混舌L to bring about the disorder 闯红灯 to run through the red light禾I 」用天桥 to make use of the overpass 查字典 to consult the dictionary 屏息 to hold one ' s breath流泪 to shed tears 符合需要 to meet the demand生根 to take root3536373839 4041424344454647484950 515253545556产生结果to bear fruit打破沉默 to break the ice 气馁 to lose heart; to get discouraged 振作 to pull oneself together; to take heart 采取步骤 to take steps; to take measures 缓和悲伤 to ease ( alleviate ) the sorrow 承受负担 to bear the responsibility 考虑至U to make allowance for把握时机 to seize the opportunity 跑腿 to run an errand树立楷模 to set a good example 接受教育 to receive education 提升生活的水平 to raise the standard of living 告辞 to take one ' s leave 有很深的了解 to have a deep understanding of 跟随流行 to follow the fashion 提钱 to withdraw money 存钱 to deposit money良心不安 the conscience stirs 自立 to be independent; to stand on one ' s own 英文彳艮好 to have a good command of English 有广泛的知识 to have a wide range of knowledge 喜爱艺术 to have a great liking for arts5758596061626364 6566676869707172737475 767778扮演重要角色 to play an important role in 聊天 to have a chat with 有...才能 to have a talent for 选择 to make a choice 有很大的影响 to have a great influence on 予人 …很深的ER 象 to make a deep impression on 愚弄 to make a fool of找借口 to make an excuse 给人搭便车 to give one a lift 打 to give someone a ring 冒险 to take chances 怀恨 to bear grudge against someone 牢记在心 to bear ..…in mind 板着脸 to pull a long face 对…充耳不闻 to turn a deaf ear to 被开除 to be dismissed from school 生气 to be angry with ( at ) 负担责任 to assume the responsibility符合需要 to serve the purpose 变胖 to gain weight 有道理 to make sense 100 i 己日 i 己 to keep a diary 7980818283848586 878889909192939495969798 99擅长网球 to be at home in tennis 交R 游 to go on an outing 消磨时间to kill time 增力□生活的情趣 to increase the pleasures of life 精神抖擞 to be ( feel ) refreshed 解除紧张和焦虑 to relieve the tension and anxiety 宣泄久积的情绪 to release the pent-up feelings游手好闲 to fool around准备测试 to prepare for the examination参力口课夕卜活动 to take part in the club activities无精打采的 to be listless 精力充分的 to be vigorous, energetic 防台 to guard against the typhoon 逃避现实 to escape the reality 达至U 目标 to achieve the aim 五育并重 to lay equal emphasis on the Five Disciplines 感到无聊 to feel ( be ) bored感到剌激 to be excited感至U 满意 to be pleased, satisfied感至U 失望 to be disappointed感至U 振奋 to be encouraged, inspired101102103104105106107108109 110111112113114115116117118119120 121122感至U 疲倦的 to be exhausted 感至ij 烦恼 to be worried, upset, disturbed, bothered 放弃理想 to abandon the ideal 奠定根底 to lay the foundation 失去耐心 to lose patience 进步 to make progress失去联络 to lose track of保持联络 to keep in touch with误入歧途 to go astray养成…的习惯 to make it a rule to; to cultivate the habit 统一中国 to reunify China 光复大陆 to recover the Mainland China 遇至 U 交通阻塞 to be caught in a traffic jam 给…教训I to teach someone a lesson 改正自新 to turn over a new leaf 引以为乐 to take delight in 予...以打击 to deal a heavy blow to予...以威胁 to pose a threat to取代 to take the place of预作保存 to make the reservation使…彻夜未眠 to cost someone a sleepless night123124125126127128129130 131132133134135136137138139140141142 143144145 充满喜悦to be filled with joy 146 背诵to learn....by heart 147 鼓励to encourage, inspire148 产生不同to make a great difference149 3已法to violate the law150 不遗余力to spare no efforts to151 不辞辛劳to take the pains to。

写作常用替换词

写作常用替换词人们people/ the public/individuals/citizens年轻人the young/juvenile/youth/youngsters老年人the old/the elderly/senior citizens/the aged员工workers/employees/staff/clerks事情，事件thing/stuff/affairs/business/matter不好的，负面的negative/adverse/detrimental/unfavorable/dreadful越来越increasing/growing及其，非常intensely/overwhelmingly/extremely不必要的，不一定的hardly necessary/hardly inevitable对某事感兴趣sth appeals to sb/sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 竞争对手rival/competitor/opponent/adversary/contender特点，特征trait/feature/attribute/characteristic/quality造成结果give rise to/lead to/result in/trigger/pave the way for(后面都接名词或名词词组)缺乏，缺少lack/be lack of/shortage/insufficiency标准，基准benchmark/standard/criteria大量的plenty of/substantial/numerous/a multitude of/a host of可行的practical/feasible/workable重要的essential/crucial/critical/paramount/pivotal/is of great importance贫困poverty/poor/underdeveloped/financially-challenged产生produce/generate/create/pose危险的，有害的dangerous/perilous/hazardous著名的famous/renowned /distinguished解决，处理solve/resolve/settle/tackle/handle/deal with/cope with使用，利用use/utilize/employ/exploit/harness支持，资助support/sponsor/back up/subsidize/finance提高，推动，加强improve/promote/enhance/strengthen/facilitate/boost 改变，转变change/shift/alter/convert重视，强调highlight/emphasize/underline/attach great importance to/give top priority to/priority should be given to…忽视，轻视ignore/neglect/overlook/underestimate。

写作的常用地道用法可以用来互相替代的词

写作的常用地道用法可以用来互相替代的词：表明--- illustrate, demonstrate, show, present, contend关于--- regarding, concerning增加--- increase, lift, rise, raise, jump, boost, soar, booming , surge, skyrocket, enhance, promote, leverage, gain in strength,减少--- decrease, drop, fall, reduce, tumble, plumb, plunge, decline, dip, lower, slump保持--- remain, hover, maintain, stagnant,好的方面--- bright side, good side, positive side , strength,坏的方面-- weakness, shortcoming, disadvantage, defect, drawbacks进步--- Progress, improvement, advancement, betterment, enhancement, Upgrade, promoting削弱--- recession, shrink, hurt, weakening, deterioration, withdrawal, damage, injure --- instruct, enlighten, illuminate, instill在这方面--- in this case, in this scenario, in that sense, under that situation , in that condition, under this circumstances,采用--- use, apply, employ, adopt, embrace,加强--- provoke, stimulate, excite， fuel激励--- inspire, motivate, impel阻止--- prevent, keep, protect, impede, retard, delay, ,批评--- slash, criticize, contradict, counter, blast--- praise重要--- important, crucial, pivotal, essential, primary, fundamental--- 两者更好：preferable.--- qualify, moderate, temper削弱--- damage, plague, hamper, impede, restrain, curb, refrain, inhibit遵守--- conform, obey, observe--- many, a wide variety of--- unwilling, discourage-- reverse, defeat, setback n.Moreover, further, furthermore, besides, and then, likewise,--- Contrast and exceptionBut, yet, and yet, however, still, in spite of , nevertheless, on the other hand, on the contrary, by way of contrast, after all, notwithstanding, at the same time, Meanwhile, in the meantime--- Comparison and relationshipSimilarly, likewise, in like manner, by the same token.--- ResultHence, therefore, accordingly, consequently, thus, thereupon, wherefore, as a result, as a consequence--- SummaryTo sum up, in brief, on the whole, in short, as I have said, in other words, as has been noted, in fact, indeed.--- 表因果bear some relation to…, is in some way responsible for…, lead to, depend on,will not necessarily … as a result, might contribute to…has no bearing on--- 表举例 (AA)For example, for instance, to illustrate, as an illustration, it is possible that…, itis equally possible that…, another possibility is that…. it is also likely that…. If ittu rns out, for example, that…1. Addition 表并列/补充/重复/强调/递进and，also，besides，too，again，in particular，after all，especially，in addition（to），similarly，likewise，as well as，apart from, except, furthermore，moreover，and then，not only ... but also…，even，besidesth is/that, what’s more ,in the same way, accordingly, equally important, not only… but(also)2. Sequence 表顺序first/initially，second , third,in the first place. firstlyin the second place, secondlyfinally/lastly, to begin with，furthermore ,then/next，finally; earlier/later，after this/that, following this/that，afterwards,On the one hand,…. On the other hand,in the long run最终at long last终于, at length终于…3. Consequence 表结果as a result，thus，so，therefore，consequently，it follows that，thereby，eventually，then，in that case，admittedly, hence, for this reason, leads to, cause4. Contrast 表比较与对照/转折与让步unlike; on the contrary; by contrast; by comparison; compared with, like…; as…as…; in contrast;conversely; oppositely; ….than….but, however，yet, though，although, even though, even as, anyhow, anyway, in any case, on the other hand，despite，in spite of，otherwise，instead of，rather，even so,即使如此,even if（though）,as for, as ofwhereas，nevertheless, nonetheless，alternatively, still…5. Certainty 表确定surely，naturally，certainly，obviously，certainly，plainly， undoubtedly, no doubt，doubtlessly，of course, in fact…6. Condition 表条件if，unless，whether，provided that，in case, for，so that，whether，depending on,on the ground of: 以……为借口， in the light of the按……考虑,in the shadow of adv. 在...附近,other than除了……，so far, as yet, thus farAs yet迄今（未）7. Definition 表定义…is…，…refers to…，…means…，that is，namely, that is to say; …consists of…8. Summary 表总结in conclusion，in summary，in brief，in short, in a word, in all, to sum up，to conclude， to put it short, thus, lastly，finally，to recapitulate…9. Example 表举例for example，for instance，a case in point is…, one example， that is, just as，especially, specifically, in particular，particularly, such as，namely, likely, to illustrate, that is to say, … a (good) case in point…10. Reason 表原因since，for, as，so，because (of)，due to，owing to，thanks to, the reason why…is that…，for the reason that, in other words, leads to，cause, for this/that reason，therefore，thus，so that，as a result,11. Time 表时间when，since，ever since，before，after that，now，next，later，then, as，not…until…，meanwhile，at the moment， whenever，as soon as，just as, …12. Space 表空间beside，between，beyond，across，over，at，into，outside, …。

英文写作的常用词,句和短语

Frequent expressions ---in email
提供建议：
Can we get together sometime later this week to discuss… What about Thursday afternoon at 2.30 p.m. ? We ought to be thinking about… You really ought to … It seems to me that you should … Perhaps it would be a good idea if you were to … It would probably not be a ggest you I think that we should… We need to…
Normal Phrase & fixed expression.
总结：after all, all in all,all things considered,briefly,
by and large（大体上，基本上 basically)in any case(无论如何）,in any event,（无论如何）in brief（简单扼要的）, In conclusion(最后总之)in short( 简而言之) in summary (总之) in one word,in the final analysis, in the log run, on balance( 总而言之）on the whole(大体上，基本上) to sum up(总之）
让步
Anyway,at any rate,be that as it may,even so(虽然如此，即便如此),however,
in any case,in any event,nevertheless(然而，不过）still,

英语写作常用替换词

写作常用替换词★形容词：1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = poverty-stricken2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = well-to-do = well-off3. 优秀的：excellent = top = outstanding4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的，不良的：bad = baneful =undesirable6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident7. 健康的: healthy = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary 9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = eye-catching10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous ★动词：1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen2. 引起：cause = endanger3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为： think = assert= hold = claim = argue8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten★名词：1. 影响：influence= impact2. 危险：danger =hazard3. 污染：pollution = contamination [kənˌtæmɪ'neɪʃən]4. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race5. 老人： old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority [su:pɪəri’ɒrəti] = virtue11. 责任： responsibility = obligation = duty12. 能力： ability = capacity[kə'pæsətɪ] = power = skill13. 职业：job = career = employment = profession14. 娱乐：enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment15. 孩子： children = offspring = kid★短语：1. 充满了：be filled with = be full of2. 努力：struggle for = strive for = spare no efforts for3. 从事： take up = set about = go in for4. 在当代: in contemporary society = in present-day society= in this day and age5. 大量的: a host of = a vast number of = a vast amount of词的替换,characters,folks替换(people ,persons)2: positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect, excellent, outstanding, superior替换good3: dreadful, unfavorable, poor, ill (有害的)替换bad,如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换4: a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some 5: harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that,it is widely shared that,it is universally acknowledged that替think(因为是书面语，所以要加that)6:affair ,business ,matter 替换thing7: shared 代 commonhuge fruits 替换get many benefits )9: for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion10..beneficial, rewarding替换helpful,,client,consumer,purchaser,换 customerappeals to sb, fascination on sb替换sb take interest in / sb. be interestedinone's attention替换attract one's attention. 替换want.in mind that 替换remember16. enjoy, possess 替换have(注意process是过程的意思)on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth name only a few, as an example替换for example, for instance恰当用词1. accelerate: 后面接名词，表示“加速”，中性词，好事坏事都能用。

英语写作常用主题词

英文写作常用主题词总结学校1. campus 校园2. dormitory 宿舍3. rented room 租房4. extra-curriculum activity 课外活动5. compulsory course 必修课6. optional course 选修课7. mid term Exam 期中考试8. final exam 期末考试9. tuition 学费10. dining hall 学生食堂11. accommodation 住宿12. teaching facilities 教学设施13. graduation ceremony 毕业典礼14. the Student Union 学生会15. teaching building 教学楼16. scholarship 奖学金17. dissertation 毕业论文18. Grade Point Average (GPA) 学分19. Bachelor Degree 学士学位20. Master Degree 硕士学位21. Professor 教授22. graduate school 研究生院23. undergraduate 本科生24. postgraduate 研究生25. internship 实习26. challenge examination-oriented education 挑战应试教育27. advocate quality-oriented education 倡导素质教育28. compulsory education 义务教育29. quit school 辍学30. the inevitable by-products of the diploma craze 文凭热的必然产物31. fake diplomas 假文凭32. educational reform 教学改革33. academic 学术的34. higher education 高等教育35. 大一学生freshman36. 大二学生sophomore37. 大三学生junior38. 大四学生senior职业1. recruitment 招聘2. application 应征3. working experience 工作经历4. working responsibilities 工作职责5．working achievements 工作成就，业绩6. performance evaluation 绩效评估，考核7. promotion 升职8．career development 职业发展9. position 职位10. human resource management 人力资源管理11. human resource department 人力资源部12. team work spirit 团队合作精神13. reference letter 推荐信14. full-time job 全职工作15. part-time job 兼职工作16. president 总裁17. executive 高管18. applicant 申请人19. vacant position 空缺职位，20. competent 能胜任的21. be qualified for 合格的22. proficiency 熟练程度23. job arrangement and benefit 工作待遇和福利24. promotion 晋升25. job prospect 就业前景26. gender-biased 性别歧视的27. appearance-biased 相貌歧视的28. laid-off workers 下岗工人29. migrant worker 农民工网络与传媒1. surf on the internet 上网2. e-shopping 网购3. e-learning 网上学习4. e-commerce 电子商务5. home page 主页6. browser 浏览器7. videogame 电子游戏8. document files 文档文件9. cyber crime 网络犯罪10. hard Disk 硬盘11. keyboard 键盘12. mouse 鼠标13. chip 芯片14. data base 数据库15. text message 手机短信16. smart phone 智能手机17. multifunctional 多功能的18. multimedia 多媒体19. intellectual property rights 知识产权20. information era 信息时代21. cyber love 网恋22. online dating website 相亲网站23. surf the Internet 网上冲浪（上网）24. web weakness 网络漏洞25. enhance the management on the web 加强对网络的监管力度26. long-distance educational system 远程教育系统27. indulge in cyber games 沉迷网络游戏28. group shopping 团购29. refund 退款30. web-addiction 沉迷网络生态环境1. pollution 污染2. environment 环境3. population 人口4. natural resource 自然资源5. energy 能源6. energy conservation and emission reduction 节能减排7. sustainable development 可持续发展8. harmonious society 和谐社会9. wild life extinction 野生动物灭绝10. endangered species 濒危物种11. sandstorm 沙尘暴12. smog 雾霾13. overfishing 过度捕捞14. global warming 全球便暖15. greenhouse effect 温室效应16. draught 干旱17. flood 洪水18. alternative energy 替代能源19. solar power 太阳能20. solar radiation 太阳辐射21. nuclear power 核能22. ecosystem 生态系统23. low-carbon economy 低碳生活24. environmentally-friendly 环保的25. utilize the natural resources 利用自然资源26. promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth促进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变27. curb environmental pollution/ bring the pollution under control 治理环境污染28. develop renewable resources 开发可再生资源经济金融1. economist 经济学家2. socialist economy 社会主义经济3. capitalist economy 资本主义经济4. planned economy 计划经济5. private sector 私营部门6. public sector 公有部门7. economic stability 经济稳定8. economic policy 经济政策9. economic recovery 经济复苏10. economic trend 经济趋势11. standard of living 生活水平12. purchasing power/buying power 购买力13. fixed assets 固定资产14. real estate 房地产15. exchange rate 汇率16. inflation 通货膨胀17. deflation 通货紧缩18. stock market 股市19. security market 证券市场20. stock exchange 证券交易所21. shareholder 股东22. dividend 股票分红23. recession 衰退24. loan 贷款25. interest rate 利率26. mortgage 抵押27. average income 平均收入28. income tax 个人所得税29. stabilize prices 稳定物价30. unfair competition 不正当竞争31. fierce competition 激烈竞争32. revitalize our nation 民族复兴33. the opening-up policies 改革开放政策34. attract more foreign capital 吸引更多的外资35. overall prosperity 共同富裕36. economic prosperity 经济繁荣37. social progress 社会进步38. political stability 政治稳定39. international prestige 国际地位40. promote the unification of China 促进祖国的统一41. maintain the stability and unity of our country维护我们国家的稳定和统一42. lengthen people’s life expectancy 延长人们的寿命市场营销1. advertising/commercial 广告2. promotion 促销3. agent 代理商4. bar code 条形码5. profit margin 边际效益6. brand awareness 品牌意识7. brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度8. brand positioning 品牌定位9. brand strategy 品牌战略10. budget 预算11. distribution channel 销售渠道12. competitive advantage 竞争优势13. consumer market 消费者市场14. customer service 顾客服务15. data collection 数据收集16. manufacturer 生产商17. scale economy 规模经济18. globalization 全球化19. information age 信息时代20. joint venture 合资企业21. state-owned enterprise 国有企业22. market research 市场研究23. division of labour 劳动力分工24. multimedia 多媒体25. multinational corporation 跨国公司26. potential customer 潜在客户27. after-sales service 售后服务28. product development 产品开发29. promotion 促销30. public relations 公共关系31. retail outlets 零售店32. sales analysis 销售分析33. telemarketing 电话营销34. consumer behavior 消费者行为35. fierce competition 激烈竞争社会问题1. gambling 赌博2. drug abuse 吸毒3. addiction to drugs 吸毒成瘾4. habitual drug-takers（吸毒）瘾君子5. piracy 盗版6. pirated videos and pornographic publications 盗版影碟或淫秽出版物7. government officials 政府官员8. officials corruption 官员腐败9. neglect one’s duty 玩忽职守10. abuse the power 滥用权利11. supervisory authorities 监督部门12. one-child policy 独生子女政策13. the spoiled child 被宠坏的孩子14. junk food 垃圾食品15. food safety 食品安全16. cause serious hygiene problems 引发严重的卫生问题17. physical and psychological health 身心健康18. (passenger)transport during the Spring Festival period 春运19. ease the traffic pressure 缓解交通压力20. peak time for passenger transport 客流高峰期其他常用词汇1. advantage 优势2. approach 方法3. compare 比较4. compete 竞争5. concentrate 集中6. contribution 贡献，奉献7. convenient 方便8. demand 需求9. effect 效果10. efficiency 效率11. emphasis 强调12. enrich 丰富13. expense 费用14. finance 金融15. fulfill 实现16. government 政府17. implement 执行18. improve 提高，改进19. issue 主题20. measure 方法21. necessity 必要性22. negative 消极的，反对的23. positive 积极地，支持的24. operation 运营，操作25. performance 旅行26. phenomenon 现象27. pressure 压力28. responsible 负责任的29. significant 重要的30. situation 状况31. strategy 战略32. lottery tickets of social welfare, sports industry and football games福利彩票，体育彩票和足球彩票33. lottery citizens 彩民作文常考热点表达方式1. extracurricular activities 课外活动2. economic globalization 经济全球化3. sustainable development 可持续发展4. credit crisis 信用危机5. stabilize prices 稳定物价6. unfair competition 不正当竞争7. crack down on fake commodities 打假8. fierce competition 激烈竞争9. revitalize our nation 民族复兴10. the opening-up policies 改革开放政策11. attract more foreign capital 吸引更多的外资12. overall prosperity 共同富裕13. economic prosperity 经济繁荣14. social progress 社会进步15. political stability 政治稳定16. utilize the natural resources 利用自然资源17. challenge examination-oriented education 挑战应试教育18. advocate quality-oriented education 倡导素质教育19. compulsory education 义务教育20. quit school 辍学21. the inevitable by-products of the diploma craze 文凭热的必然产物22. fake diplomas 假文凭23. water loss and soil erosion 水土流失24. deterioration of the quality of the environment 环境恶化25. deforestation 森林砍伐26. ecosystem 生态系统27. wild life reserve 野生动物保护区28. species extinction 物种灭绝29. environment- friendly 生态型的，环保的30. threat of global warming 全球变暖的威胁31. promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth促进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变32. curb environmental pollution, b ring the pollution under control 治理环境污染33. develop renewable resources 开发可再生资源34. international prestige 国际地位35. promote the unification of China 促进祖国的统一36. maintain the stability and unity of our country维护我们国家的稳定和统一37. lengthen people’s life expectancy 延长人们的寿命38. propagate endangered animal species 促进濒危动物种群的繁衍39. produce replacement organs for transplant patients 为病人制造可用于移植的替代器官40. greenhouse effect 温室效应41. intellectual property rights 知识产权42. e-commerce 电子商务43. computer crime 电脑犯罪44. information era 信息时代45. cyber romance 网恋46. online dating website 相亲网站47. surf the Internet 网上冲浪48. web weakness 网络漏洞49. Enhance the management on the web 加强对网络的监管力度50. long-distance educational system 远程教育系统51. indulge in cyber games 沉迷网络游戏52. cyber bars 网吧53. applicant 申请人，54. position available, vacant position 空缺职位，55. competent 能胜任的56. be qualified for 合格的57. proficiency 熟练程度58. job arrangement and benefit 工作待遇和福利59. promotion 晋升60. job prospect 就业前景61. gender-biased 性别歧视的62. appearance-biased 相貌歧视的63. laid-off workers 下岗工人64. migrant worker 农民工65. social transformation era 社会转型阶段66. improve the quality 提高质量67. lower the cost 降低成本68. lottery tickets of social welfare, sports industry and football games福利彩票，体育彩票和足球彩票69. lottery citizens“彩民”70. sponsor charities or athletic development 扶持慈善事业与体育发展71. try one’s luck 碰运气72. gambling 赌博73. drug abuse 吸毒74. addiction to drugs 吸毒成瘾75. habitual drug-takers（吸毒）瘾君子76. piracy 盗版77. pirated videos and pornographic publications 盗版影碟或淫秽出版物78. government officials 政府官员79. officials corruption 官员腐败80. neglect one’s duty 玩忽职守81. abuse the power 滥用权利82. supervisory authorities 监督部门83. one-child policy 独生子女政策84. the spoiled child 被宠坏的孩子85. junk food 垃圾食品86. food safety 食品安全87. cause serious hygiene problems 引发严重的卫生问题88. physical and psychological health 身心健康89. (passenger)transport during the Spring Festival period 春运90. ease the traffic pressure 缓解交通压力91. peak time for passenger transport 客流高峰期。

英文写作常用的30个高级词替换

1.individuals,characters, folks 替换people ,persons2.positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good3.dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的) 替换 bad如果bad做表语，可以用 be less impressive 替换eg. An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4.an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most 替换many注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。

5.a slice of, quiet a few , several 替换some6.harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换think (因为是书面语，所以要加that)7.affair ,business ,matter 替换 thing8.shared 替换common9.reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits10.for my part ,from my own perspective 替换in my opinion11.Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more( 注意没有growingly这种形式,所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词时，副词用increasingly)12.little if anything, little or nothing 替换hardly13.beneficial, rewarding 替换helpful14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser 替换customer15.exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替换very16.hardly necessary, hardly inevitable 替换unnecessary, avoidable17.sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb takeinterest in / sb. be interested in18.capture one's attention 替换attract one's attention19.facet,demension,sphere 替换aspect20.be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of 替换indicate, suggest ,fear21.give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause22.There are several reasons behind sth 替换reasons for sth23.desire 替换want24.pour attention into 替换pay attention to25.bear in mind that 替换 remember26.enjoy, possess 替换have (注意process是过程的意思)27.interaction 替换 communication28.frown on sth 替换 be against , disagree with sth29.to name only a few, as an example 替换for example, for instance30.next to / virtually impossible 替换nearly,almost impossible。

英语作文写作常用连接词

英语作文写作常用连接词英语作文写作常用连接词英文连接词是连接英文单词的词，如also，and等。

英语有486,000个左右的单词，而连接词却只有70个左右，它们总是非常高频率的出现在各类文章、对话、电邮等英语实际沟通中。

一篇好的作文必定少不了连接词，以下店铺整理的英语作文写作常用连接词，欢迎阅读!(一) 连接词(1)表选择关系或对等关系的连接词：either…or…，neither…nor, or, as well as…, and, both…and…。

(2)表因果关系或对等关系的连接词：therefore, so, as a result, as the result of …，because of, due to …,owing to, thanks to等。

(3)表时间顺序的连接词：the moment, as soon as, at first, then, later, meanwhile, at the beginning, in the end, before long, for the first(second…)time, the minute等。

(4)表转折关系的连接词：yet, and yet, but , while, on the contrary, on the other hand, however, at the same time(然而)等。

(5)表解释说明的连接词：that is, that is to say, in other words, such as, for instance, and so on, etc. and the like等。

(6)表递进关系的连接词：not only…but (also), what，s more, what's worse, besides, in addition, worse still, moreover, above all 等。

英语写作常用连接词及短语

1 英语写作常用连接词及短语--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 表层进first ，firstly, at first, 最初to begin with, to begin with, to start with, to start with, first of all, 首先，第一Initially, 最初，开始first and foremost, 首要地，首先in the first place, 首先，第一点，原先in the next place 其次，第二点above all, 尤其是，更重要的是，首要，of all things, 首要，首要，第一（正文段数超5段时使用：Last but one, 倒数第二倒数第二last but two, 倒数第三倒数第三）second, secondly, third, thirdly, what is more,而且also, and, then, equally important, besides, in addition, further, still, furthermore, last but not the least, next, moreover, all the more, 更加，愈发更加，愈发too, finally, in a manner of speaking, 在某种意义上，不妨说，可以说表举例for example, for instance, take …for example, cite an example in point, t ake take …as a typical example, to illustrate, as an illustration, a case in point, another case in point is …, such as, like like……, as a proverb says, as a saying goes, as Newton put it, just as, just like,after all , , 毕竟，终究to take an example, 表解释as a matter of fact, 事实上，其实in point of fact, 实际上，就事实而论frankly speaking, to put it differently, in this case, in this case, namely, namely, specially, that is, as the case stands,事实上事实上in other words, in other words, in fact, in fact, in simpler terms, in substance, 实质上；ten to one, 十有八九十有八九to all intents and purposes, 事实上；to cite an old saying, 套句俗语；表总结In In the the the normal normal normal run run run of of of events, events, 按照一般情况，通常In In summary, summary, To To summarize, summarize, To To sum sum sum up, up, In conclusion, To conclude, In brief, briefly, 简单地说In short, All in all, 总的说来总的说来Finally, In a word, In a word, On the whole, On the whole, From the above reasoning, Altogether, （adv.）总起来说，总而言之From what we have discussed (mentioned, presented) above, From the above evidence, To put it in a nutshell, (In a nutshell, 简括地说，一句话) To put it differently, To put it differently, Taken (Taking) one with another, Taken (Taking) one with another, 总的看来，On balance, 总的说来His suggestion has, on balance, proved useful. Overall, 总体上，总的说来Globally, 全面地，整体地At last,终于，最后In the end, 最后最后In the long run, ①从长远观点看；②终究，毕竟；③最后，结果By and large, 总的说来，大体上，基本上总的说来，大体上，基本上In simpler terms, as has been said, From the foregoing 上述的上述的analysis (discussion), 表结果Thus, Therefore, As a result, Hence, Consequently; Accordingly;So表强调in one way or another 不管怎样，无论如何，用种种方法to crown （it ）all, 插入语，更糟糕的是，what is worse 更糟糕的是更糟糕的是to crown it all, 非正式，习语。