十大词类和八大句子成分句子成分
10大词类和句子成分的关系 已编辑知识讲解
十大词类与八大句子成分的关系（1）十大词类：据英语单词所表达的含义以及在句子中的作用，把英语单词分为10个类别，就是10大词类：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词、冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。
根据部分词类具有的共同特征，又将十大词类分为两大部分：实词：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词。
特征：具有完整的词义；能够在句子中独立充当句子成分。
虚词：冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。
特征：没有完整的意思；不能够在句子中独立充当句子成分，必须和实词搭配，才能充当句子成分。
注意：1.介词为虚词，不能单独充当句子成分，必须同名词、代词、短语、句子构成介词短语，才能充当句子成分。
介词短语在句中常作表语、定语、状语和补足语2.动词分为系动词，助动词，情态动词和实义动词。
其中实义动词又可分为谓语动词:时态语态语气非谓语动词To do :可以充当主、表、宾、补、定、状Doing: 可以充当主、表、宾、补、定、状Done: 可以充当表、补、定、状（2）八大句子成分：句子成分：组成英语句子的各个部分，叫做句子成分。
英语的句子最多由八个句子成分组成，即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语以及同位语。
★主语：概念：句子的主体，发出动作的人或物，表示所说的是谁或是什么。
位置：主语一般在句首，特殊句型中在句末。
构成：由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语或从句充当。
例：Henry is a good boy.亨利是个好孩子。
He ran away.他跑掉了。
The second is yours.To learn a foreign language is not easy.学习一门外语不容易。
Driving to Beijing is not difficult.开车去北京不难。
What has happened proves that our policy is right. 发生的一切证明我们的政策是对的。
Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 我们是否去要看天气。
英语句子以主谓结构为基本的句法结构---句法结构之英语词性和句子成分
英语句子以主谓结构为基本的句法结构。
十大词类与八大句子成分的关系（1）十大词类：据英语单词所表达的含义以及在句子中的作用，把英语单词分为10个类别，就是10大词类：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词、冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。
根据部分词类具有的共同特征，又将十大词类分为两大部分：实词：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词。
特征：具有完整的词义；能够在句子中独立充当句子成分。
虚词：冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。
特征：没有完整的意思；不能够在句子中独立充当句子成分，必须和实词搭配，才能充当句子成分。
（2）八大句子成分：句子成分：组成英语句子的各个部分，叫做句子成分。
英语的句子最多由八个句子成分组成，即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语以及同位语。
★主语：概念：句子的主体，发出动作的人或物，表示所说的是谁或是什么。
位置：主语一般在句首，特殊句型中在句末（如用it充当形式宾语，把真正的主语放在后面）。
构成：由名词（短语）、代词、动名词、动词不定式或从句充当。
例：Henry is a good boy.亨利是个好孩子。
He ran away.他跑掉了。
To learn a foreign language is not easy.学习一门外语不容易。
Driving to Beijing is not difficult.开车去北京不难。
What has happened proves that our policy is right. 发生的一切证明我们的政策是对的。
!Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 我们是否去要看天气。
★谓语：概念：说明主语的动作、特征、状态等的句子成分，叫做谓语。
位置：谓语动词通常位于主语之后，特殊句型（倒装句）位于主语之前。
构成：由动词或动词短语充当。
动词分为：实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。
（情态动词和助动词不能单独使用，必须和实义动词或系动词连用）实义动词分为及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.), 及物动词直接接宾语，不及物动词需加介词才能接宾语。
我的初高中衔接-----英语语法词类词性句型
初高中衔接——英语语法一、十大词类1.名词：表示人或事物的名称。
2.动词：表示动作或状态。
3.形容词：表示人或事物的性质或状态。
4.数词：表示数目或顺序。
5.代词：代替名词或数词等。
6.副词：表示动作特征或性状特征。
7.冠词：表示名词的泛指或特指。
8.介词：表示名词或代词与其他词的关系。
9.连词：表示连接并列成分的词。
10.感叹词：表示说话时的感情或口气。
二、八大句子成分要弄清楚英语句子的结构，我们先要弄清楚组成一个句子的各个组成部分，即句子的成分：句子的主干成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、补语 句子的次要成分：定语、状语、插入语、同位语1、主语：（1）是一个句子所要说明的人和事物，（2）表示句子说的是什么人或什么事，（3）是一句的主体；（4）一般位于句首，但在there be 、疑问句（主语不是疑问词）、倒装句中，主语在谓语动词、助动词、情态动词之后。
主语可以用以下这些表示： 1. 名词；2. 代词； 3. 数词；4. 动名词；5. 不定式； 6. 词组或复合结构；7. 从句；8. 名词化的其他词类。
eg:1) A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life. 2) Who is speaking, please? This is Jack speaking. 3) Two will be enough.4) Smoking is very dangerous. 5) To see is to believe.6) Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 7) “A” is an article.2、谓语：①它是说明主语的动作或状态的，说明主语做什么、怎么做；②作谓语的常有：及物动词或及物动词短语； 简单谓语：由一个动词（短语）构成 ③ A.情动/助动+动原 复合谓语：B.系动词+表语1) The soup tastes good 2) The boy is interested in playing PC games. 3) The boss made the workers work long hours.4) He practises playing the piano every day. 5) They had finished the job when the boss came 6) Record every word you hear. 7) He didn’t turn to me for help.*在英语简单句中，只能有而且（一般情况下）必须有一个谓语部分！3、宾语：（1）它是表示及物动词或及物动词短语所作用的对象的（动宾），如 I studyEnglish 中的English 和He makes full use of his spare time to study 中的his动词的分类情态动词 助动词 系动词实义动词及物动词不及物动词spare time.（2）介词后的名词或代词，叫做介词的宾语（介宾），如He went away with no words中的no words. （3）一般位于及物动词或介词之后。
10大词类和句子成分的关系已编辑
十大词类与八大句子成分的关系（1）十大词类：据英语单词所表达的含义以及在句子中的作用，把英语单词分为10个类别，就是10大词类：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词、冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。
根据部分词类具有的共同特征，又将十大词类分为两大部分：实词：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词。
特征：具有完整的词义；能够在句子中独立充当句子成分。
虚词：冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。
特征：没有完整的意思；不能够在句子中独立充当句子成分，必须和实词搭配，才能充当句子成分。
注意：1.介词为虚词，不能单独充当句子成分，必须同名词、代词、短语、句子构成介词短语，才能充当句子成分。
介词短语在句中常作表语、定语、状语和补足语2.动词分为系动词，助动词，情态动词和实义动词。
其中实义动词又可分为谓语动词 :时态语态语气非谓语动词To do :可以充当主、表、宾、补、定、状Doing: 可以充当主、表、宾、补、定、状Done: 可以充当表、补、定、状（2）八大句子成分：句子成分：组成英语句子的各个部分，叫做句子成分。
英语的句子最多由八个句子成分组成，即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语以及同位语。
★主语：概念：句子的主体，发出动作的人或物，表示所说的是谁或是什么。
位置：主语一般在句首，特殊句型中在句末。
构成：由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语或从句充当。
例：Henry is a good boy.亨利是个好孩子。
He ran away.他跑掉了。
The second is yours.To learn a foreign language is not easy.学习一门外语不容易。
Driving to Beijing is not difficult.开车去北京不难。
What has happened proves that our policy is right. 发生的一切证明我们的政策是对的。
Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 我们是否去要看天气。
词类,句子成分,句子种类
英语基础知识
六、状语 状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。可以用作状 语的有：副词、名词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词 短语、独立主格和从句等。 (2013· 高考浙江卷· 书 面表达 )Amazed at how skillful they were, I was determined to be just as good. 吃惊于他们熟练的技巧，我决心与他们一样好。(形容词作 状语) I opened the window to let some fresh air in. 我打开窗户让新鲜空气进来。(不定式作状语) (2012· 高考山东卷· 写 作 )By talking with them ， my oral English improved a lot. 通过跟他们交谈，我的口语提高了很多。(介词短语作状语)
英语基础知识
代词
概念:
代词是代替名词的词, 按其意义、特征及 其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、 指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、 不定代词和关系代词等。
英语基础知识
1.人称代词
英语基础知识
2. 物主代词 表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词 性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
Love English
英语基础知识
英语基础知识
第一讲
词类
英语基础知识
英语中的单词可以分为十大词类：
① 名词 n.
② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩
teacher, book等。 代词 pron. we ,me, he 等。 数词 num. two, fifth 等。 动词 v. work, study, live 等。 形容词 adj. good, big, beautiful 等。 副词 adv . fast, quickly等。 冠词 art. a, an, the等。 介词 prep. in, on, by, with等。 连词 conj. and, but等。 感叹词 interj. Oh, ah等。
英语词性及句子成分
英语十大词类与八大句子成分一、十大词类依据英语单词所表达的含义以及在句子中的作用，可把英语单词分为十大词类：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词、冠词、介词、连词、叹息词。
依据不一样词类所拥有的共同特点，又将十大词类分为两大多数：1．实词：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词。
特点：拥有完好的词义；能够在句子中独立充任句子成分。
2．虚词：冠词、介词、连词、叹息词。
特点：没有完好的意思；不可以够在句子中独立充任句子成分，一定和实词搭配，才能充任句子成分。
十大词类和八大句子成分汉语英语名称用途例词句法作用名称名词n. (noun) 表示人或事物的名称boy, book 主、表、宾、补、定、同实代词pron. (pronoun) 取代名词、形容词或数词I, it, their 主、表、补、定、同数词num. (numeral) 表示数目温次序two, third 主、表、宾、定、同词动词v. (verb) 表示动作或状态work, ran 主、谓、表、宾、补、定、状形容词adj. (adjective) 修饰名词，表示人、物的red, long,表、定、补特点old副词adv. (adverb) 修饰动词、形容词或其余here, often,表、状副词weekly冠词art. (article) 用在名词前，说明名词指a, an, the 的人、物虚介词prep. 表示名词、代词等与其余in, after, (preposition) 词的关系under, on连词conj. 连结词与词、短语和短and, but, (conjunction) 语、句子和句子because 词叹息词interj. 表示说话时的感情或oh, ouch (interjection) 口气二、八大句子成分组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
(完整版)英语词性和句子成分
十大词类与八大句子成分的关系（1）十大词类：据英语单词所表达的含义以及在句子中的作用，把英语单词分为10个类别，就是10大词类：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词、冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。
根据部分词类具有的共同特征，又将十大词类分为两大部分：实词：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词。
特征：具有完整的词义；能够在句子中独立充当句子成分。
虚词：冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。
特征：没有完整的意思；不能够在句子中独立充当句子成分，必须和实词搭配，才能充当句子成分。
（2）八大句子成分：句子成分：组成英语句子的各个部分，叫做句子成分。
英语的句子最多由八个句子成分组成，即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语以及同位语。
★主语：概念：句子的主体，发出动作的人或物，表示所说的是谁或是什么。
位置：主语一般在句首，特殊句型中在句末。
构成：由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语或从句充当。
例：Henry is a good boy.亨利是个好孩子。
He ran away.他跑掉了。
To learn a foreign language is not easy.学习一门外语不容易。
Driving to Beijing is not difficult.开车去北京不难。
What has happened proves that our policy is right. 发生的一切证明我们的政策是对的。
Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 我们是否去要看天气。
★谓语：概念：说明主语的动作、特征、状态等的句子成分，叫做谓语。
位置：谓语动词通常位于主语之后，特殊句型位于主语之前。
构成：由动词或动词短语充当。
例如：We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们周一至周五上学。
I went to the zoo yesterday.昨天我去了动物园。
现代汉语词类和句法成分一一对应
现代汉语词类和句法成分一一对应现代汉语词类和句法成分一一对应的关系是指，在现代汉语中，每个词类都对应着一种或多种句法成分。
下面列举了10个常见的词类和它们对应的句法成分。
1. 名词（N）：名词在句子中可以作为主语、宾语、定语、补语等句法成分。
例如：“小明是一名学生。
”（主语）“我喜欢读书。
”（宾语）“这是一本有趣的书。
”（定语）“他当选为班长。
”（补语）2. 动词（V）：动词在句子中可以作为谓语、宾语、补语等句法成分。
例如：“他在跑步。
”（谓语）“我喜欢看电影。
”（宾语）“他变得很强壮。
”（补语）3. 形容词（Adj）：形容词在句子中可以作为定语、补语等句法成分。
例如：“这个苹果很红。
”（定语）“她吃得很饱。
”（补语）4. 副词（Adv）：副词在句子中可以修饰动词、形容词、副词等句法成分。
例如：“他快速地跑过去。
”（修饰动词）“这个问题很难。
”（修饰形容词）“他非常努力地学习。
”（修饰副词）5. 介词（P）：介词在句子中可以引导名词短语作为定语、状语、补语等句法成分。
例如：“他在桌子上放了一本书。
”（定语）“他每天都去图书馆学习。
”（状语）“她对他充满了爱。
”（补语）6. 代词（Pron）：代词在句子中可以作为主语、宾语、定语、补语等句法成分。
例如：“他是我的朋友。
”（主语）“我喜欢她。
”（宾语）“这是你的书。
”（定语）“我认为他是对的。
”（补语）7. 连词（Conj）：连词在句子中可以连接并列句子、从句等句法成分。
例如：“我喜欢唱歌，也喜欢跳舞。
”（连接并列句子）“他说他会来。
”（连接主句和从句）8. 助词（Aux）：助词在句子中可以用来表示时态、语气、态度等句法成分。
例如：“我正在吃饭。
”（表示进行时态）“他可能会来。
”（表示可能性）“请你帮我一个忙。
”（表示请求）9. 叹词（Int）：叹词在句子中可以用来表示感叹、问候等句法成分。
例如：“哇，好漂亮的花！”（表示感叹）“嗨，你好！”（表示问候）10. 量词（Cl）：量词在句子中可以用来修饰名词短语，表示数量。
英语语法核心考点(十大词类;句子成分;基本句型;句子类型;定语从句+宾语从句+状语从句)课件
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No. 2 谓语 简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如： This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. （ 实义动词 ） 复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如： By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems.
十大词类和八大句子成分
一．句子成分详解一览表二．专题练习I.指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5. They went hunting together early in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10. His wish is to become a scientist.11. He managed to finish the work in time.12. Tom came to ask me for advice.13. He found it important to master English.14. Do you have anything else to say?15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.16. Would you please tell me your address?17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.19. He noticed a man enter the room.20. The apples tasted sweet.II分析下列句子成分1. Our school is not far from my home.2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you3. All of us considered him honest.4. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes.5. He broke a piece of glass.6. He made it clear that he would leave the city．7. ---I love you more than her，child ． 8. Tees turn green when spring comes.9. They pushed the door open. 10. Grandma told me an interesting story last night.11. He wrote carefully some letters to his friends. the students think highly of his teaching13. We need a place twice larger than this one. 14. He asked us to sing an English song.15. Don't get nervous，help yourself to what you like． will make our school more beautiful.17. He didn't come．That is why he didn't know． 18. She showed us her many of her pictures. 19. The old man livesa lonely life.20. Luckily the 1989 earthquake did not happen in the center of town.21. The cars made in Japan are better than those in Germany．22. There are so many people in the hall that it's hard for me to find him．23. No matter how difficult the task may be, we must fulfil it this month.24. Go back where you came from. 25. We must do whatever the people want us to do.26. At last he got home, tired and hungry. 27. Would you please pass me the cup?28 Mary handed her homework to the teacher. 29. Do you know the latest news about him?’llget my hair cut tomorrow.III用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语”＝”、谓语”－”、宾语”～”定语”（）”、状语”［］”、补语”＜＞”：表语”≈”I hope you are very well. I'm fine, but tired. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm. August is the hottest month here. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat. We have a lot of machines on the farm. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him. But he employs more men for the harvest. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. It doesn't often rain in the summer here. As a result, we have to water the vegetablegarden. Every evening we pump water from a well. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden.。
▲语法： 十大词类,七大句子成分,五大基本句型,四大语法要点,三大复杂句
语法十大词类，七大句子成分，五大基本句型，四大语法要点，三大复杂句▲十大词类：名词Noun动词Verb形容词Adjective数词Numeral代词Pronoun副词Adverb冠词Article介词Preposition连词Conjunction感叹词Interjection▲七大句子成分：主语（Subject）: n/pron谓语（Predicate or Predicate verb）:v宾语（Object）: n/pron补语（Complement）: 补语用来补充说明主语和宾语可以是n/adj/介宾表语（Predicative）：形容主语的状态，可以是n/adj/介宾定语（Attribute）：adj/介宾状语（Adverbial）：adv/介宾▲五大基本句型主+谓（状）The sun rises (early).主+谓+宾The manager has signed thepaper.主+谓+间宾+直宾I’ll give you my telephonenumber.主+系+表He is a teacher.It sounds a good idea.主+谓+宾+宾补We called him Tom.He was called Tom.I found the bookuseful.▲四大语法要点：时态语态，非谓语动词，虚拟语气，倒装▲三大复杂句型：名词性从句，定语从句，状语从句Ⅰ名词A名词的种类：专有名词，普通名词▲专有名词：专有名词前一般用零冠词，首字母要大写，UN, NATO, America▲普通名词：个体名词可数名词集体名词可数名词物质名词不可数名词抽象名词不可数名词eg: book, table, housefamily, police, crowdmilk, water, honeylove, advice, honestyB名词的数▲可数名词复数的变化规律▲可数名词复数的不规则变化①少数以f, fe结尾的词直接加“s”: thiefs, chiefs, roofs, safes(保险箱)②单复同形：sheep, deer, means③只有复数形式：trousers, glasses, clothes, police④特殊变化：child—children, man—men, woman—women, mouse—mice, ox—oxen⑤复合名词变复数，在主体名词后加“s”A. N+N afternoonsB. N+空格+N TV towersC . N—prep—Neditors—in—chief，sons—in—lawD N—preppassers—by,passengers—bylooker-on⑥以“ics”结尾的学科名视为单数physics, optics, mathematics▲不可数名词①三态，物质名词，抽象名词都是不可数名词三态：液态coffee, water, milk, tea, ink固态coal, iron, chalk气态air fog, smoke物质名词：bread, mutton, lamp, beef, pork抽象名词：curiosity, confidence, anger※注：用冠词和量词修饰不可数名词a piece of chalk,a bottle of milk, two kilos of mutton②总称名词没有复数，变复数后表示不同种类furniture 家具furnitures 不同种类的家具包括table, desk, sofafood 食物food 不同种类的食物③有些不可数名词变复数之后含义会发生变化work—工作sand—沙子water—水works--著作sands--沙滩waters--水域▲I have a lot of /a number of/a great many of friends.C名词的格▲一般人称后加“’s”Lily’s book▲以“s”结尾的人称直接加“’”My parents’ room▲如一种物品属多人共同所有，直接在最后人称后加“’s”如各自所有，每个人称后都加“’s”my father and my mother’s bookmy father’s and my mother’s rooms▲人或职业后加“’s”表示相应的处所at Mr Green’sto my uncle’sat the doctor’s▲修饰无生命的名词或修饰过长的名词，用“of”表示所有格the gate of the school the power of loveone of my father’s friends冠词▲不定冠词a, an用法比较an hour a university固定搭配：take an interest in, on an average,keep an eyeon=lookafter=take care of▲定冠词：特定唯一序数前，国家党派最高级方位形容姓氏前，单数年代洋乐器eg the earth, the moonthe first placethe United Statesthe Communist Party of Chinathe largest roomon the leftthe poor 穷人the old 老人The Turners are sitting at the breakfast table.The horse is a useful animal.In the 1990’splay the pianoplay er-huplay pi-pa▲零冠词专有名词前China称呼头衔前Premier zhou professor Liu交通工具前by bus=by coachby taxi=by cabby train=by railwayby subway=by metroby plane=by airby ship=by seaon footby+交通工具=take+冠词+交通工具▲零冠词与定冠词的区别by day 在白天go to school 去上学by the day 按天计算go to the school 去学校数词▲基数词，序数词one first , two second, three third,four fourth five fifth, six sixth,seven seventh, nine nineth, ten tenth, twelve twelfth thirteen thirteenth, fifteen fifteenth,sixteen sixteenth, seventeen seventeenth, nineteen nineteenth,twenty twentieth, twenty-one twenty-first※整百整千不加“S”，成百上千，成千上万加“S”two hundred hundreds of peoplethree thousand thousands of people※数词-名词=形容词的性质a five yuan’s bill=a five-yuan bill▲分数half 二分之一quarter 四分之一①2/3 two thirds 1/5 one fifth注：当分子》=2时，分母变复数②2/3 two out of three▲百分数50% fifty percent注：分数和百分数修饰名词时，要用“of”thirty percent of the students two thirds of the money代词▲人称代词包括主格和宾格▲形容词性物主代词+N=名词性物主代词____pen is lost, so I want to borrow_____pen.My pen is lost, so I want to borrow _______Enjoy______Help______He saw ____in the mirror.▲疑问代词: who, whom, whose, whoever, which, whichever, what, whatever ▲指示代词: this, that, these, those, it, such, same▲不定代词: 12个复合不定代词everybody everything everyoneanybody anything anyonesomebody something someonenobody nothing no one▲some, any的用法some “几个，一些”修饰可数或不可数名词“某个”修饰单数名词any“几个，一些”用于否定或疑问句中，修饰可数或不可数名词“任何”用于肯定句，修饰单数名词Come any day you like.She is living at some place in East Asia.He gave each boy a present.Every student contributed to the fund.Each went his way.▲each, every的用法each“每一个”强调个别性>=2every“每一个”强调整体性>=3①each/every+NEach student has done a good job.Every student has done a good job.②each+of+名词复数/代词复数Each of the students has done a good job.Each of them is good at English.③each 可以单独使用Each went his way.各走各的路▲none, no的用法①no+可数N或不可数N There is no water in the bottle.②none+of+可数N或不可数N,动词用单复数均可None of the dogs are there.It’s none of your business.③none 可以单独使用I buy a lot of books, but he buys none.▲many, much的用法▲few, a few; little, a little的用法▲other, another的用法“另一个”other+复数名词或代词“另外的，其他的”(范围之外)the other +单数名词“另一个”（范围之内）the other +复数名词“另外的，其他的”（范围之内）others “他人”another “另一个”（范围之外）I buy two presents, one is for my father, the other is for my sister, now I want to buy another one for my mother.The travel agency is on the other side of the street.Jones is here, but where are the other boys?▲all, both的用法▲either “两者之中任何一个都行”neither“两者都不”either, neither, 单独作主语+单数n/pron+of+复数n/pronEither of my parents is going to see me.Neither of my parents is Chinese.None of my friends is good at English.▲all“大家，一切，所有”none“没有人（物）”all none①单独作主语①单独作主语②all+单数或复数n ②none+of+复数n,pron③all+of+复数n，pron或单数n 或单数nAll is lost.All are present.All roads lead to Rome.All hope has gone.None have arrived late.I wanted some more coffee, but none was left.None of my friends has been to Paris before.None of the money was found.None of them spoke English.Adj/Adv▲多个形容词修饰同一名词a nice 4 years old 2 kilograms new pink French plastic doll限定词+描绘形容词+特征形容词+名词限定词：冠词，物主代词，指示代词，不定代词描绘形容词特征形容词：年龄+尺寸+形状+新旧+颜色+出处+材质eg 一个聪慧的个子很高的年轻的中国军官a tall intelligent young Chinese officer▲Adj修饰复合不定代词, Adj后置eg something important▲Adj/Adv的比较级，最高级规则: Adj+er/Adv+er Adj+est/Adv+est多音节more+Adj/Adv most+Adj/Adv不规则good/well better bestbad/ill worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastlate later latestlatter lastfar farther farthestfurther furthest▲the more………the more………越来越……..▲much, far, a lot, a little, a bit, slightly 等词可以修饰比较级eg The sun is much bigger than the earth.▲情绪动词+ed=adj 修饰人情绪动词+ing=adj 修饰物eg The book is very interesting.I am interested in reading it.▲Adv程度副词放在被修饰词前：very, quite, too, extremely, rather, so频度副词放在实义动词前且情态动词，助动词或be动词后：often, always, sometimes, never 方式副词修饰动词，通常以“ly”结尾,修饰不及物动词放到不及物动词后；修饰及物动词时防到及物动词前或及物动词宾语的后面It’s too hot today.He often runs so quickly.I have never seen such a beautiful girl.He has carefully finished his homework.▲enough修饰N, enough前置enough money修饰Adj, enough 后置big enough▲Adv可以修饰一个句子PrepositionⅠ介词简介▲简单介词：at, in, on, besides, since, for等▲合成介词：inside, out of, without等▲介词短语：because of, in spite of, in front of▲二重介词：until after, from behind▲分词介词：including, regarding, concerningⅡ介词的辩析▲arrive in+大地点, arrive at+小地点▲in +年，in+月，on+日in +月+年on + 月+日on +月+日+年▲except, besides▲in, on, to▲above, over, on▲since+时间点I have been a teacher since 1999.for+时间段I have been a teacher for 3 years.during+过程He stopped three times during his speech.▲by+数字，表净增长或减少My salary has increased by 2﹪.to+数字，表增长或减少的结果动词Ⅰ动词的种类▲及物动词Vt ：可以直接加宾语可以加双宾语：动词+间宾+直宾动词+直宾+to/for+间宾▲不及物动词Vi ：可以直接构成句子的谓语动词部分，其后不能直接加宾语如加宾语则需要用介词连接，介词的选择有时取决于宾语，有时取决于动词eg This book belongs to me.This book sells well.I buy the book for you.I buy you the book.▲系动词Be 动词: am, is, are常用的系动词：appear, become, get, remain, seem,feel, taste, smell, sound, look感官动词：look,sound,touch,smell,feel,taste※系动词后加Adj./N/介宾作表语构成主+系+表eg He became silent gradually.The dish smells good.▲助动词：do, did, have, had, shall, should, will, would▲情态动词：can(could), may(might), must, dare, need +V原▲动词短语：put on, put off, take offⅡ动词的基本形式规则：V原---V原ed---V原ed不规则：do---did---donego---went---gonehave---had---hadwrite---wrote—writtenⅢ动词的时态,语态客观真理事实，能力，习惯，经常，情感态度，心智The earth is round. 真理I am your teacher. 事实He cleans the room every room.习惯Do you drive, John? 能力If it rains, the sports meeting will be put off. 主将从现▲一些表示感觉，拥有，心智，态度的词可以用一般现在时来代替现在进行时或一般过去时表感觉的V：appear, notice, sound感觉appear, sound, feel拥有belong, have, owe心智believe, expect, understand态度agree, intend, wish, loveDo you love me? Yes, I did.（情感）This material feels soft.（感觉）I wish you a success.(内心活动)Ⅱ现在进行时：be+Ving▲表示此时此刻正在发生What are you doing? I am reading a book.▲当表示近期计划，安排的事情很有可能发生的时候，可用现在进行时表将来I am going.I am leaving tomorrow.▲与always, constantly, forever等副词连用，表示厌烦，赞美等情绪He’s always losing his keys. 他老是丢钥匙You are always thinking of others. 他总是想着别人Ⅲ现在完成时：have/has+Vp.p.▲动作发生在过去，但影响或结果，动作状态可以延续到现在，常见的瞬间动词有：come, go, get to= arrive= reach, leave, buy, sell, open, close, join/take part in, begin=start, bring, take, give, marryThe car has arrived.She has lived here since 1995.Tom has been ill for 5days.The lift has broken down.Have you ever talked to him about it?▲work, live, study, wait, teach等词的现在完成时和完成进行时用法一样，，表示、动作从过去持续到现在He has lived here all his life.He has been living all his life.They have been working well this term.They have worked well this term.Ⅳ现在完成进行时：have/has been V ing,表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在，动作是否延续下去由上下文决定I have been writing lettersall this morning.My mother has beenteaching English for 20years.I have been coughing all night.All these years we have been trying to get in touch with him.Ⅴ一般过去时：Ved,was,were▲只着眼过去的事实或发生在过去的动作▲过去习惯的动作▲叙述小说，故事情节eg I saw him in the morning.She suffered a lot in her childhood.The train was 10minutes late.I used to live in Beijing.He would go to the park as soon as he was free.▲现在完成时与一般过去时的不同现在完成时：强调在过去时间内发生的动作，影响到现在一般过去时：强调在过去时间内发生的动作，状态，与现在无关I have bought some fruit for you.I bought the fruit in the supermarket.I have just had my lunch.I had my lunch in a cafeteria.Ⅵ过去进行时：was/were+V ing,▲过去某时某刻正在进行的动作eg It was raining at this time yesterday.▲在while/when/as引导的时间状语从句中，用过去进行时长背景，用一般过去时表示在长背景下发生的短动作（长背景短动作）eg While I was doing my homework, the telephone ran.As he was reading the newspaper, Granny fell asleep.▲表示过去一段时间内将要发生的动作When I arrived, the train was going to start.Ⅶ过去完成时：▲在过去的过去发生的动作▲同一般过去时连用表示先后顺序▲mean/ intend/ want/ hope / expect / think / suppose 表示愿望，打算类的动词用过去完成时表示未曾实现的愿望和意图eg I had learned French by the end of last term.When I entered the room, I found that I had left the key in the officeI had hoped to see more of shanghai.I had meant to help you, but I was too busy at the moment.▲在hardly A when B ,no sooner A than B 句型中，A=B=句子，A用过去完成时，要倒装，B 用一般过去时，不倒装eg Hardly had I entered the room when the telephone rang.Ⅷ过去完成进行时：had been V ing, 强调过去的过去延续到过去的动作或状态eg He had been studying French before she went aboard.Ⅸ一般将来时：will/shall+V原，表将来的动作及安排▲多种表将来的形式：be to do 表示按计划，安排做；正式的会话或访问，表建议或忠告shall/will+V原准备做且一定做或许诺，请求be going to do 打算做，做的可能性很大be about to do 马上做who will be on duty? I will.I will be home for dinner.Spring will come.She is to be married next month.Ⅹ过去将来时：would/should/could/might+V原Ⅺ过去将来完成时：would/should/could/might+have+Vp.p.，多用在虚拟语气中eg If I study hard,I will pass the exam.句为一般现在时，主句是将来时（附图例）If I studied hard, I would pass the exam.句为一般过去时，主句是过去将来时If I had studied hard, I would have passedthe exam. 从句是过去完成时，主句是过去将来完成时▲主句是一般现在时，主句可以是任何一种时态主句是过去时，丛句是任何一种同过去时有关的时态eg Lily says she is my new teacher.Lily says she is reading a book now.Lily says she will be a teacher next year.Lily says she has read that book.Lily says she has been reading that book all day.Lily says she once lived in bejing.语态▲英语的语态：主动语态，主语是动作的执行者，谓语是动的承担者被动语态，主语是动作的承担者，谓语是谓语的动作的执行者主动语态变被动语态的步骤：①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语③由by引出主动语态剩下的主语，并将其变为宾格▲主+谓+宾的被动：主语宾语eg He reads a book. 他读书A book is written by him 书被他读（一般现在时的被动）eg He will write a letter.A letter will be written by him.eg He is reading a book.A book is being read by him.eg He was writing a letter.A letter was being written by him.eg He has written a letter.A letter has been written by him.eg He had written a letter.A letter had been written by him.eg He will have read a letter.A letter will have been read by him.▲主+谓+间宾+直宾或主+谓+直宾+to/for+间宾变被动当直宾作主语时，主语间宾+by+主动语态的主语当间宾作主语时，主语直+by+主动语态的主语eg He taught us English.He taught English to us.English was taught to us by him.We was taught English by him.可以接双宾语的动词：give sb sth= give sth to sblend sb sth= lend sth to sbborrow sb sth= borrow sth for sbbuy sb sth= buy sth for sbpass sb sth= pass sth to sbtell sb sth=tell sth to sb▲主+谓+宾+宾补变被动eg We called him Tom.He was called Tom.带宾补的动词有：call, elect, choose, appoint▲情态动词，助动词的被动V情+ be+Vp.p.V情+have+been+Vp.p.▲“一感二听三让四看”的被动语态：主语原一感: feel二听: listen to, hear四让have, make, let, get四看：see, watch, notice, observeeg I see him enter the room.He is seen to enter the room.▲have/make/let/get 的用法have/make/let sb do sth 让某人做某事sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事sb Adj让某人处于某种状态sth Vp.p. 让别人做某事get sb to do sth, get,sb doing sth, get sb Adj, get sth Vp.p.▲系动词无被动The steel feels cold. It has gone bad.▲表示开始，结束，运动的词无被动，这些动词有：begin start finish end stop shut run moveThe door opens at 9:00.Work began at 7 o’clock this morning.▲Read, write, sell, wear, cook, wash 等词后面接adj/adv时不用被动Your speech reads well.▲Want, require, need doing sth 主动表被动The door needs cleaning.= the door needs to be cleaned.▲被动的否定，疑问句▲被动语态+by+动作的执行者+with+工具eg A window is broken by me with a stone.▲be made of+可以看出材质的原材料from+不能看出材质的原材料into+成品eg The table is made of wood.The paper is made from wood.The wood is made into table.主谓一致主谓一致分为：语法一致含义一致就近一致以下情况做主语，动词用单数：1．单数名词或代词He likes reading books.Water is good to our health.2．以S结尾的国家名，疾病，学科，组织Philippines has more than 7000 islands.Mumps is common among children.Physics is my favorite subject.United Nations is an international organization.3．表示重量，价值，时间，距离的名词Twenty years is a long time.Five million is a big sum.4．复合不定代词Someone is knocking at the door.5．Each, every, either, neitherEach of the students attends the meeting.Either girl knows the way to the amusement park.Neither of them finds the solution to the problem.6．Many a +单数名词Many a student is in the classroom. = Many students are in the classroom.7．动名词或不定式Smoking is harmful to your health.To see is to believe.8．句子How old she is remains a secret.以下情况做主语，动词用复数：1．复数名词或代词2．Few, a few, several, many, bothBoth of them are good at skating.Few of my acquaintances like Sarah. 我认识的熟人没有几个喜欢拉萨。
初中英语词类、句子成分、五种基本句型解释
英语句子的基本成分一、词类能够自由运用的最小语言单位叫词。
根据词的形式、意义及其在句中的作用所作的分类叫词类（parts of speech）。
英语的词通常分为十大类，即名词、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词和感叹词。
现分别叙述如下：（一）名词名词(noun)是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
例如：foreigner外国人 soap 肥皂 Newton牛顿law 法律 freedom自由 peace 和平英语名词可分为两大类:（二）冠词冠词(article)放在名词之前，帮助说明该名词所指的对象。
冠词分为不定冠词（三）代词代词(pronoun)是用来指代人或事物的词。
代词包括：1。
人称代词，如：I, you, they, it等；2。
物主代词，如：my, his, their, our, mine, hers等；3。
反身代词，如：myself, yourself, itself, ourselves, oneself等；4。
相互代词，如：each other, one another等；5。
指示代词，如：this, that, these, those, such, same等；6。
疑问代词，如：who, whom, whose, which, what等；7。
关系代词，如：who, whom, whose, which, that等；8。
不定代词，如：some, any, no, all, one, every, many, a little, someone, anything 等；（四）数词数词(numeral)是表示“数量”和“顺序”的词。
前者称为基数词，例如：one(一)，twenty (二十)，thirty-five(三十五)，one hundred and ninety-five(一百九十五)等；后者称为序数词，例如：first(第一)，twentieth(第二十)，fifty-first(第五十一等。
(完整版)英语词性和句子成分
十大词类与八大句子成分的关系（1）十大词类：据英语单词所表达的含义以及在句子中的作用，把英语单词分为10个类别，就是10大词类：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词、冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。
根据部分词类具有的共同特征，又将十大词类分为两大部分：实词：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词。
特征：具有完整的词义；能够在句子中独立充当句子成分。
虚词：冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。
特征：没有完整的意思；不能够在句子中独立充当句子成分，必须和实词搭配，才能充当句子成分。
（2）八大句子成分：句子成分：组成英语句子的各个部分，叫做句子成分。
英语的句子最多由八个句子成分组成，即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语以及同位语。
★主语：概念：句子的主体，发出动作的人或物，表示所说的是谁或是什么。
位置：主语一般在句首，特殊句型中在句末。
构成：由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语或从句充当。
例：Henry is a good boy.亨利是个好孩子。
He ran away.他跑掉了。
To learn a foreign language is not easy.学习一门外语不容易。
Driving to Beijing is not difficult.开车去北京不难。
What has happened proves that our policy is right. 发生的一切证明我们的政策是对的。
Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 我们是否去要看天气。
★谓语：概念：说明主语的动作、特征、状态等的句子成分，叫做谓语。
位置：谓语动词通常位于主语之后，特殊句型位于主语之前。
构成：由动词或动词短语充当。
例如：We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们周一至周五上学。
I went to the zoo yesterday.昨天我去了动物园。
句法结构之英语词性和句子成分
英语句子以主谓结构为基本的句法结构十大词类与八大句子成分的关系（1）十大词类：据英语单词所表达的含义以及在句子中的作用，把英语单词分为10个类别，就是10大词类：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词、冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。
根据部分词类具有的共同特征，又将十大词类分为两大部分：实词：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词。
特征：具有完整的词义；能够在句子中独立充当句子成分。
虚词：冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。
特征：没有完整的意思；不能够在句子中独立充当句子成分，必须和实词搭配，才能充当句子成分。
十大词类和八大句子成分（2）八大句子成分：句子成分：组成英语句子的各个部分，叫做句子成分。
英语的句子最多由八个句子成分组成，即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语以及同位语。
★主语：概念：句子的主体，发出动作的人或物，表示所说的是谁或是什么。
位置：主语一般在句首，特殊句型中在句末（如用it充当形式宾语，把真正的主语放在后面）。
构成：由名词（短语）、代词、动名词、动词不定式或从句充当。
例：Henry is a good boy.亨利是个好孩子。
To learn a foreign language is not easy.学习一门外语不容易。
Driving to Beijing is not difficult.开车去北京不难。
What has happened proves that our policy is right. 发生的一切证明我们的政策是对的。
★谓语：概念：说明主语的动作、特征、状态等的句子成分，叫做谓语。
位置：谓语动词通常位于主语之后，特殊句型（倒装句）位于主语之前。
构成：由动词或动词短语充当。
动词分为：实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。
（情态动词和助动词不能单独使用，必须和实义动词或系动词连用）实义动词分为及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.), 及物动词直接接宾语，不及物动词需加介词才能接宾语。
英语词性和句子成分
十大词类与八大句子成分的关系（1）十大词类：据英语单词所表达的含义以及在句子中的作用，把英语单词分为10个类别，就是10大词类：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词、冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。
根据部分词类具有的共同特征，又将十大词类分为两大部分：实词：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词。
特征：具有完整的词义；能够在句子中独立充当句子成分。
虚词：冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。
特征：没有完整的意思；不能够在句子中独立充当句子成分，必须和实词搭配，才能充当句子成分。
（2）八大句子成分：句子成分：组成英语句子的各个部分，叫做句子成分。
英语的句子最多由八个句子成分组成，即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语以及同位语。
★主语：概念：句子的主体，发出动作的人或物，表示所说的是谁或是什么。
位置：主语一般在句首，特殊句型中在句末。
构成：由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语或从句充当。
例：Henry is a good boy.亨利是个好孩子。
He ran away.他跑掉了。
To learn a foreign language is not easy.学习一门外语不容易。
Driving to Beijing is not difficult.开车去北京不难。
What has happened proves that our policy is right. 发生的一切证明我们的政策是对的。
Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 我们是否去要看天气。
★谓语：概念：说明主语的动作、特征、状态等的句子成分，叫做谓语。
位置：谓语动词通常位于主语之后，特殊句型位于主语之前。
构成：由动词或动词短语充当。
例如：We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们周一至周五上学。
I went to the zoo yesterday.昨天我去了动物园。
英语零基础语法大全
英语零基础语法大全一、词类和句子成分词类通常有十大词类：1.名词:表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
又分：●普通名词●专有名词：第一个字母大写●可数名词●不可数名词不规则复数形式：man->mentooth->teethdatum->data2.冠词：放在名词之前，分：●不定冠词：a/an(仅此两个)●定冠词：the(仅此一个)3.代词：用来指代人或事物的词●人称代词：I、you、they、it●物主代词：my、his、their、mine、hers ●反身代词：myself、ourselves、oneself ●相互代词：each other、one another ●指示代词：this、that、these、such、same●疑问代词：who、whom、whose、which、what●关系代词：who、whom、whose、which、that●不定代词：some、any、no、all、one、every、many、a little、someone、anything4.数词：表示数量和顺序的词●基数词（表数量）：one、thirty-five●序数词（表顺序）：first、twentieth5.形容词：用来修饰名词，表名词的属性●形容词的比较级分三种：原级、比较级、最高级6.副词：分为四种●普通副词：together、well●疑问副词：when、where、how、why ●连接副词：therefor、then、however、otherwise●关系副词：where、when、why副词的比较级的构成和形容词一样7.动词：表动作或状态的词●实义动词：可独立做谓语，有完全的词义,根据是否需要宾语划分为：●及物动词：后接宾语，意义才完整●不及物动词：本身意义完整，不需接宾语●系动词：后需接表语如：be、seem、look、become、appear、get、feel、turn、remain●情态动词：表能力、义务、必要、猜测等说话人的语气和情感，只能和原形动词一起构成谓语动词。
中考英语复习+十大词类和八种句子成分+初升高英语完美衔接课件
重要考点 可数名词变复数、常见不可 数名词、名词所有格、抽象 名词的具体化
各种代词的用法；it的用法
动词 实词
v.
表动作或状态：包括 _行__为__动__词___、 系__动__词______、_助__动__词_____和 _情__态__动__词___
谓语动词的时态、语态、主 谓一致及虚拟语气；非谓语 动词
初升高英语完美衔接
第2讲十大词类和八种句子成分
一、十大词类
一句话记住十大词类Wow! The beautiful girl gave two kisses to him and run
away quickly!
感 叹 词
冠 词
形 容
词
名动 数 名 介代 连 动 副 副 词词 词 词 词词 词 词 词 词
一、十大词类
分类 虚词
名称
介词
连词 冠词 感叹
词
缩写
意义
prep.
介词是一种虚词，不能单独使用，需用在 _名__词_______、_动__名__词__d_o_i_n、g _代__词_______和
_宾__语__从__句___的前面
conj. 分为并__列__连__词____和 _从__句__连__词___
二、八大句子成分
宾语：动作的承受者,一般位于及物动词及介词后
He wrote a letter to me. 名词 I want to visit the museum. todo不定式 I enjoy listening to popular music. 动名词doing I think that he is fit for the job. 宾语从句 I find it hard to learn English. it作形式主语 We should help the poor. the+形容词表一类人 I don’t know where to go. 疑问词+不定式todo
句子成分和基本句型
句子成分和基本句型一、句子成分1、十大词类英语单词按词性分为十大类：名词（n)，动词（及物动词(vt)、不及物动词(vi、助动词.aux），代词pron，数词num，形容词adj、副词adv、介词prep、连词conj、感叹词int、冠词art。
不同词类的单词在句子里充当不同成分。
如动词在句子中充当谓语，形容词主要作定语等。
例：We(pron) will(v.aux)never(adv)bow(vi)before(prep) any(adj) difficulties(n)我们决不向困难低头。
2、句子成分英语句子的成分有：主语、谓语、宾语、（直接宾语、间接宾语）、定语、状语、补语和表语。
主语：主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么：或”是谁“，一般由名词、代词、不定式、从句、动名词短语来充当。
主语要位于句首。
Eg. They study in the No.8Middle School.(讲述谁）他们在八中学习。
The meeting begins at two o'clock p.m(讲述什么）下午两点开会。
It is necessary to learn driving.(不定式作主语）有必要学会开车。
It is no good drinking a lot.(动名词作主语）酒喝多了没好处。
谓语：说明主语“做什么”，“是什么”，或“怎么样”。
谓语用动词。
注：谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
Eg. John is a good friend of mine.(系动词和表语一起做谓语）约翰是我的一个好朋友。
He comes to see me from time to time.(不及物动词做谓语）他时常来看我。
They are having super now.(及物动词进行时做谓语）他们在吃晚饭。
We must obey the laws(情态词和动词一起作主语）我们必须遵守法律。
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一．句子成分详解一览表
二．专题练习
I.指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：
1. The students got on the school bus.
2. He handed me the newspaper.
3. I shall answer your question after class.
4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!
5. They went hunting together early in the morning.
6. His job is to train swimmers.
7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.
8. There is going to be an American film tonight.
9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.
10. His wish is to become a scientist.
11. He managed to finish the work in time.
12. Tom came to ask me for advice.
13. He found it important to master English.
14. Do you have anything else to say
15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.
16. Would you please tell me your address
17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.
18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.
19. He noticed a man enter the room.
20. The apples tasted sweet.
II分析下列
1. Our school is not far from my home.
2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you
3. All of us considered him honest.
4. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes.
5. He broke a piece of glass.
6. He made it clear that he would leave the city．
7. ---I than her，child ．8. Tees turn green when comes.
9. They pushed the door open. 10. Grandma told me an interesting story last night.
11. He wrote carefully some letters to his . the students think highly of his teaching
13. We need a place twice larger than this one. 14. He asked us to sing an English song.
15. Don't get nervous，help yourself to what you like．will make our school more beautiful.
17. He didn't come．That is why he didn't know．18. She showed us her many of her pictures. 19. The old man lives a lonely life.
20. Luckily the 1989 earthquake did not happen in the center of town.
21. The cars made in Japan are better than those in Germany．
22. There are so many people in the hall that it's hard for me to find him．
23. No matter how difficult the task may be, we must fulfil it this month.
24. Go back where you came from. 25. We must do whatever the people want us to do.
26. At last he got home, tired and hungry. 27. Would you please pass me the cup
28 Mary handed her homework to the teacher. 29. Do you know the latest news about him？
’llget my hair cut tomorrow.III用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语”＝”、谓语”－”、宾语”～”定语”（）”、状语”［］”、补语”＜＞”：表语”≈”
I hope you are very well. I'm fine, but tired. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm. August is the hottest month here. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat. We have a lot of machines on the farm. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him. But he employs more men for the harvest. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. It doesn't often rain in the summer here. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. Every evening we pump water from a well. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden.。