英语工商导论期末作业

工商导论练习题及答案

2011年11月商务英语专业工商导论模拟练习本试卷分两部分．满分l00 分，考试时间150 分钟。

1第一部分为选择题，应考者必须在答题卡上按要求填涂，不能答在试卷上。

2第二部分为非选择题，应考者必须在答题卡上直接答题，答在试卷上无效。

3请按照试题题号顺序在答题区域内作答。

Part One (20%)I ．Multiple Choice(1 ％X20 =20％)Direcnions:In this part, there are items 1-20. For each item, there are fourchoices marked A,B，C and D. Choose the best one end write your answers on the Answer Sheet.I . A(n) _ is an association of two or more persons to carry on as co-owners of a business for profit.A.sole proprietorshipB. partnershipC. corporationD. franchising 2. Colombia, Brazil and China ' Yunnan Province havea(nLin growing cof-fee beams, because in terms of climate those areas are more favourable for growing coffee beans than other parts of the world.A.absolute advantageB. comparative advantageC: definite advantage D. indefinite advantage3. Based on the findings of the job analysis a(n)—lists the objectives,respon-sibilities,main tasks of the job，the conditions under which the job is to be done，and its relationship to other jobs.A. job descriptionB. job specificationC. job forecastingD. job scouting 4. Which of the following does NOT belong to Non-Tariff Barriers?A. quotasB. state monopolyC. revenueD. import license system5.—is the chea pest mode of transpo rtati on, p articularly suitable for low-cost bulk cargoes such as coal, or，e grain, timber and construction materials.A. RailB. WaterC. TruckD. Pipeline6.A is a bus in ess that has one owner.A. partnershipB. CorporationC. franchisingD. sole proprietorship7. Which of the following ere goods that consumers would make an extra effort to purchase?A．Shopping products B. specialty productsC. convenience productsD. product mix commodities8. Shipwaith Paper Products produces a variety of goods which are sold to whole sal ers. The wholesalers then distribute the products m a wide variety of office supplystares and discount stores that sell to the final customers. The distribution channelused for Ship waith ' s products is an example of aA. network and node distribution systemB.one-level channel distribution systemC.two-level channel distribution systemD.direct-level channel distribution system 9. The risk of relying on a single key employee can be reduced byA. purchasing key person insuranceB. narrowing the job descriptionC. task specializationD. automating tasks10. According to its attributes，property can be classified into three types. They are the following EXCEPT forA. tangible real propertyB. tangible personal propertyC. intangible personal propertyD. inventory11.A(n) _is a tax a government imposes on imported goods.A. tariffB. quotaC. excise taxD. exchange rate12.Which of the following is NOT one of the managerial skills?A. technical skillsB. mission skillsC. conceptual skillsD. human skills13.When the employees are haire，d it is important to train and develop them until they are qualified for the jobs. The methods can in elude the followi ng EXCE PT_.A. orientationB. on-the-job methodC. off-the-job methodD. performance appraisal14.According to the Herzberg study, managers can motivate employees to be more p roductive by —A. increasing their responsibilitiesB. increasing their salariesC. providing a safe work environmentD. creating job security 15. The programs that determine the specific tasks a computer will perform at any given time are calledA. hardwareB. softwareC. virtual realityD. megahertz16.One of the following terms is NOT included in the types of economic system. It isA. capitalismB. socialismC. mixed economyD. equalitarianism17.A major adva ntage of railroads as a mode of transporting goods is that they.A. can reach almost my location quicklyB.. are very inexpensive when transporting goods short distanceC.are often the least expensive way of transporting heavy items long distancesD are the only way to transport gas anJoil safely over long distances18.The comp ositi on of debt versus equity financing is known a—.A. retained earningsB. revenueC. working capitalD. capital structure19.The following are regarded as intellectual properties protected by laws EXCEPT forA. trademarkB. copyrightC. patentD. stock20.The management function thatcoordinates a firm 's employees and other resources in order to achieve the organization —'s goals isA. planningB. organizingC. leadingD. controllingPart Two(60%)n. Gap-Filling(1 %x10= 10%)Directions：Complete statements 21-25.,filling in each gap with a proper word or phrase:21.—insurance covers losses resulting from damage to other people or oth-er people 's prop—ertiyn.surance protect businesses from riskinvolving the damage and loss to their own property.22.Liabilities are what a firm owes to others. Liabilities are those that can be cleared within one year while_liabilities are those that cannot be paid off within one year.23.Fed can use such instruments as,discount rates and_ tocontrol the money supply.24.—pricing strategy is also called_ pricing, which makes p rices app ear more acceptable or contain positive indication to customers.25.Besides advantages, sole proprietorships have some disadvantages, suc_h ，aslimited access to capital, _and unshared loss.E . T/F Questions (1%x10= 10%)Directions：Read statements 26-35. Decide whether they are tune or false by writing "T" for true and "F" for false.26.Brokers work as manufacturers sales re'presentatives on a relatively permanent basis, while agents work as go betweens for sellers and buyers on a deal-by-deal basis.27.For money of a country to function at all，it must be made legal tender for that country by its government and be acceptable to the public.28.Countries with advantages in producing one type of goods will trade for goods they have disadvantages in producing.29.Liability losses are those losses to property due to fire, theft, or weather conditions.30.The market for dealings with stocks and bonds is collectively called the securities market.31．Large firms may obtain funds by issuing dividends, which are long-term debt securities(IOUs) purchased by investors.32. Lost or stolen traveler 's checks can usually be replaced if you promthpetly informissuing company of the serial numbers of the lost checks.33.While middlemen add cost, they add value as well.k, newspapers，soda, and chewing gum are examples of shopping products.35.Owners of a corporation can earn a return on their investment either by receiving dividends or by selling the stock.IV. Fu ndame ntals of busi ness(%x25= 25%)fixed assets 固定资产 creditor 债权人 V. Clone ( 1%x25 =25%)Directions: Read the following passage and fill in blanks(41-65) withappropriate words from the list at the end of the passag ．eNote that there are more words in the list than the blanks in the passag ，eInvestment in one country (41) _individuals organizations (42)_ Another is an imp orta nt aspect of intern ati onal bus in ess. Inv estme nt may be. for(43_ in the form of securities or direct cap ital in the form of p roductive facilities. Col on iaiism and (44)— have ofte n bee n described in terms of po werful n atio ns expl oit ing the45) — and n atural resources of weake ，r less-developed Countries. While some exploitation (4)6 _till remain ，most developing as well a (s 47)_nations now substantially control the types ， (48)_and owner-ship terms of investmen (ts49)_ by foreigners. Much of the (50) _ private investment is now made by multination (al51)_(MNCs)．Technical distinctions in (52)_ such global corporations are sometimes made to refle (ct53)_ multinational investments (54) _ operations are made exclusively by an executiv (e55)_from one nation or by(56) _sole proprietorship 商个体，个体户 partnership 商合伙，合伙公司 shareholder 股东 financing 筹集的资金，融资marketing 营销channels of distribution 分销渠道，销售渠道market segmentation 市场细分product life cycle 产品生命周期pricing 定价wholesaler 批发商promotion mix 促销组合 product advertising 产品广告 checking account 支票帐户 credit card 信用卡debit card 借记卡Fed 美联储 copyright 版权motivate 激励，激发 owner ＇s equity 所有者权益 gross profit margin 毛利润率 net profit margin 净利润率curre nt assets 流动资产premium 保险费of different national investment leaders. Clearly; thesemultinational organizations (57) _ major role in world trade and investments (58)__of their dem on strated man ageme nt skills (59) —,finan cial resources and related advantages.(MNCs), nevertheless must (60)—frequently governmental and other(61) —who contend that such far-fl ung companies are able to (62) or avoidn atio nal regulati on by virtue of their ability to (63)—n ew(a nd at times old) inv estme nts from one country to another. Some governments have adopted exacting64) _ which Macs must follow in their countries the most common of which requires a majority or significant (65)_ of domestic as opposed to foreign ownership.VI.Traaslation (5% x2=10％)Directions Translate sentences into English.66.张伟达和陈浩建立了自己的合伙企业，启动资本为7 万元69 宏雅可使用长期贷款和短期贷款相结合的资金组合形式。

期末商务英语试题库精选范文

期末商务英语试题库I 判断题1.First impression is very important since you never get a second chance to make a first impression. Hairshould be well maintained. Unshaved look does not work for others. Ties should be correctly tied. Pants should not drag on the floor. Shoes should be polished and in good condition. T2.Basically when you see someone whose name you can't remember, just wait him or her to give theirnames first and then respond in kind. T3.With the American style, you hold the fork in your right hand and the knife in your left hand to cut yourmeat or vegetables. F4.There is a formal toast that the host offers at the beginning of the meal to welcome his guests. The otheris more informal and comes near the end of the meal, usually during dessert. Champagne will be served.After each toast, everyone raises a glass and takes a sip of champagne. T5.Whether you are on the phone or have someone in your cubicle, speak softly. You need to ask permissionbefore entering someone's cubicle. T6.When you select the suit, the shade of gray is professional looking. Blacks and browns are good choicesfor a business suit. T7.If you had waited to get on the elevator, you would have been near the front and push your way throughthe crowd to exit. F8.American guys do give each other a light kiss on the cheek. It's considered friendly and is not sexual in anyway. T9.In the West, discussing salary amounts or how much you paid for something is an acceptable conversationtopic. F10.It is always good to imitate the way the highest level executives dress. We Americans have a saying aboutbusiness attire: "Dress for the job you want, not the job you have." T11.Social introduction rule is that a woman is always introduced to a man. F12.Business rule is that people of less authority are introduced to people of great authority. T13.Clients and officials are always more important than people in your company. T14.Punctuality is less important in American business. F15.In business greetings, if you are unable to shake hands because of illness or injury, you are expected toapologize and explain immediately. T16.With American table manners, you hold the folk in your right hand and the knife in your left hand.F17.When you have finished eating, and to let others know that you have, place your knife and folk together,with the prongs on the fork facing upwards on your plate. T18.An advertisement should achieve four objectives: AIDA, which represents four words: Attention, Interest,Desire and Action. T19.Advertising language must be convincing enough to change people’s assumptions, values, opinions,attitudes, etc. So as to motivate them to take actions. T20.To keep on a successful communication, only the speaker should learn some cooperative principles.F21.In many negotiations, both parties may conceal their real intentions and goals to better the chances ofbest deal. F22.The exchange of offers and proposals is the heart of negotiation. T23.In the process of negotiation, both parties should try to reach an agreement by maximizing their outcome.F24.In international business , everything is negotiable. It depends on the expertise of the negotiators.T25.In a business negotiation, one side can exist without other side. F26.To achieve more satisfactory results, both parties will have to be completely open and honest to the otherside. F27.The first step in any successful job search is to write a resume. T28.We can write a resume more than three pages. F29.In a resume, it should be to-the-point , attentive and be error-free. T30.It is good to show off your writing and editing skills in your application letter. T31.One should flatter his/her potential employer in a job application letter. F32.A job application letter should be written in detail. F33.A letter of application can be an important tool in helping you land an interview. T34.The structure of an application letter should be clear and concise. T35.Self-respect is not so important in writing an application letter. F36.Business is the human activity related to material things and can be found in all societies. Tmerce is the exchange of items of value between persons or companies. T38.In negotiations, negotiators should strictly follow the rules of grammar. F39.We need to repeat and state again and again in an offer. F40.How to choose the proper tone of English is very important in business writing. T41.7Cs correspondence principle can further the writer’s attitude and state of mind to put forward higherrequirements. T42.One can minimize benefit to others in a successful business negotiation. F43.We should answer all questions asked in business letter. T44.To achieve the goal of conciseness in business writing, sometimes we need to sacrifice completeness andcourtesy. F45.E-commerce is online commerce versus real-world commerce. T46.Eye contact is very important in conversation. T47.One ca n fill in the conversation one’s own monologue.F48.Small business owners don’t need to study the unique codes of etiquette of each country.F49.We can start to eat as soon as possible if we do feel hungry at dinner. F50.In American style, one can finish eating with folk in the left hand. FII 选择题1. It is best way to receive the business card with _______ when making presentation.A. the right hand ? ?B. the left hand ? ?C. the right or left hand ? ? ?D. both hands?2. Never carry your business cards, or place another person's business card in a ___ pocket.A. rightB. leftC. frontD. back3. Which style is widely used in business letters and personal-business letters??A. Simplified Style ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. Block Style ?C. Modified Block Form with Indented Style ?D. Modified Block Style?4. In a business letter, the date line consists of the month, day and year. Which is the right business style ofA.14 Feb 2011 ? ?B.14 February 2011 ?C. Feb 14, 2011 ? ? ?D. February 14, 20115. The salutation is written flush with the_______ margin _______space or lines below the inside address.?A. left, two ? ?B. left, one ? ?C. right, two ? ? ?D. right, one6. When you receive someone else’s business card yo u should（）A. immediately put it into your back pocket?B. immediately pass them your business card?C. look at the card but say nothing about it?D. look at the card and acknowledge it?7. Which one is correct in the job interview?A. Close the door with caution.B. Fold your arms.C. Cross your legs.D. lean back in your chair.8. What we shouldn't do when meeting visitors at the airport？A. Never send just a driverB. Include a translator if necessaryC. Hold a greeting signD. Write the visitor's name with a marking pen on cardboard9. Giving a welcoming ceremony at the airport can enforce the idea that the visitors are entering a new culture not just a business venture, usually the welcoming place is ______.A. the airport lobbyB. a private room off the crowdsC. in front of the airplaneD. anywhere10. As the matter is _________, we should like to have the information by the end of this week.A. urgently ? ? ? ?B. urgent ? ? ? ?C. promptly ? ? ?D. prompt11. In our quotation dated June 15, we _________ the favorable prices of our products.A. gave you information on ? ?B. gave you information about ? ??C. informed you for ? ? ? ? ?D. informed you with12. Because of their excellent quality and low prices, you can be sure that our products will no doubt help you _________ your market.??A. expand ? ? ? B. expanding ? ? ?C. extended ? ? ? D. extending?13. It is the newest product made by our company, and we recommend _________ a small quantity for trial.?A. being bought ? ? ? ?B. buy ? ?C. buying ? ? ?D. bought?14. When _________, please let us have your price on CIF 3%, stating the earliest shipment since the season is coming soon.A.?being quoted ? ?B. quoted ? ?C. is quoting ? ? ?D. quoting?15. When Americans offer a firm handshake, how long would they last upon greeting and leaving?A. 1-2 seconds ? ?B.3-5 seconds ? ?C.5-8 seconds ? ?D.10-15 seconds16. When does an American offer a firm handshake to others？A. Only upon greeting ?B. Only upon ?leaving ?C. upon greeting and leavingD. anytime when he wants17. When an?American meet several people at once, he will maintain eye contact with____.A. just the person he is shaking hands withB. All the people thereC. the one he will meet next18. After entering the Arabian house, you shake hands with _____ ?person first, usually but not invariably the host.A. the more seniorB. the most seniorC. the more juniorD. the most junior19. The firm handshake with eye contact and smiling is an important first gesture of communication for any person, male or female, ______ to make an impression.A to desire ?B desiring ?C desired ?D ?be desired20. The seller may cancel the contract and reserve the right to claim _________buyer’s breach of contract.A. in case about ?B. in case ? ? ?C. in event of ? ?D. in event21. In reply, we are making you the following offer: 10,000?pieces of T-shirt _________US$ 5 per piece, CFR 2%?Copenhagen.A. about ? ? ? ?B. to ? ? ? ? ?C. at ? ? ? ? ?D. in22. When choosing wrapping paper, ____ is to be avoided in all Asian countries as as it signifies death.A. whiteB. purpleC. red D black23. We shall appreciate it if you will see to it that amendment is?cabled _________ delay.A. in ? ? ? ? ?B. out of ? ? ? ?C. within ? ? ?D. without?24. _________ the above, we would suggest that you accept our original offer without any delay.A. Because ? ? ?B. As ? ? ? ?C. In case of ? ? ? ? ?D. In view of?25. We are pleased to inform you that the item you requested can be supplied _________.A. from stock ? ? ? ? ?B. in stock ? ? ?C. out of stock ? ? ? ?D. of stock26. Shipment is to be made _________ 3 months on receipt of the relative L/C.A. in ? ? ? ? ? ?B. by ? ? ? ?C. during ? ? ? ?D. within?27. If you could make a reduction _________ 5% in quotation, please let us know.A. to ? ? ? ? ?B. by ? ? ? ? ?C. of ? ? ? ? ? ?D. at28. Much to our regret, we are unable to _________ the price to your level.A. change ? ? ?B. reduce ? ?C. decline ? ?D. lower29. It is _________ that the matter should still be hanging unsettled.A. regretful ? ? ?B. with regret ? ?C. regretted ? ? ? ?D. regrettable30. We think it advisable for you to make a _________ if you wish to remain competitive.A. reducing in price ? ? ? ? ? ?B. price reduction ? ? ? ? ?C. cutting price ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. price cutting31. We will place an order without delay if you would reduce your price _________ 5% of your cotton shoes.A. at? ? ? ?B. of ? ? ? ?C. by ? ? ? ? ?D. with32. You may be aware that some Indian dealers are lowering their prices. No doubt there is _________ competition in the market.A. high ? ? ? ? ? ?B. sharp ? ? ? ?C. keen ? ? ? ? ?D. large33. What we can do best is to _________ you half way.A. reduce ? ? ? ? ?B. come ? ? ? ?C. meet ? ? ? ? ?D. bring34. Information indicates that some parcels of similar quality from other sources are being sold _________ a level about 8% lower than yours.A. at ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. of ? ? ? ? ?C. by ? ? ? ? ? ?D. with35. It is important to understand the customs concerning gift giving. Which of the following statement is false?A. One basic rule in international gift giving is that your present should be manufactured in your home country.B. When visiting a host, it can never be wrong to bring a gift.C. In Russia, you'd better not bring a bottle of vodka as your gift.D. To Japanese, gift giving is a way of communicating respect, friendship and appreciation.36. Information _________ that the market is declining, so we recommend your acceptance.A. indicates ? ? ?B. demands ? ? ?C. makes ? ? ?D. brings37. Making notes while listening is the most difficult of all forms of note-taking because it involves both ____ and ____.A. skill of listening, writing speedB. writing speed, essential art of selectionC. skill of listening, essential art of selectionD. writing speed, good memory39. When all or part of an order cannot be processed because the merchandise is temporarily out of stock or has been discontinued, _________ ?needs to be notified promptly.A the boss ?B the customer ?C ?the student ?D the teacher40. When you notice that there is something unpleasant in the food, you will properly_____.A. ask servant in low voice for what you wantB. shout loudly and ask to replace the foodC. make a great display when moving these things unpleasant from your foodD. place them quietly under the edge of your plate41. When the soup is put in front of you, how do we do?A. Eat the soup directly from the bowlB. If the soup is too hot，blow on it to make it coolC. Spoon the soup away from you when you take it out of the bowlD. Using tea spoon to taste the soup，then sip it from the side of the spoon42. If you are meeting with a new customer, you usually start with some small talks. You can choose all the following except _________.A. It’s so hot today, isn’t it?B. What do you think of the weather here?C. Do you like this city?D. How much do you earn a year?43. Payment plays an important role in international trade and the most often adopted mode of payment in foreign trade is_____. The buyers usually make the payment ______.A. Letter of Credit, one month after the time of shipment.B. Cash, one month after the time of shipment.C. Cash, one month before the time of shipment.D. Letter of Credit, one month before the time of shipment.44. In a formal business meal it's very significant to keep table manners. Which?of the followings cannot be accepted?A. Keep your cell phone on.B. Leave the table during a meal in an emergency after excuse yourself.C. Ask a person closest to an item that you cannot reach.D. Say" No, thank you" when you prefer not to eat something.45. If you found an insect in your soup when you are having a business meal, you should____.A. show it to all the people in the restaurantB. put it quietly under the edge of your plateC. call the waiter and ask for reparationD. call the boss of the restaurant to replace the soup46. Which way to eat bread is proper when you have a very normal business meal?A. put it in the soup, then eat it with knife.?B. Using the knife to cut it.C. Using the table utensils to eat it.D. Using fingers to break it.47. At business cocktail receptions, you should drink in your ___ hand to keep your ____ hand dry and available for handshakes.A. left, left ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. right, right ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?C. left, right ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. right, left48. You should use for a napkin only for your ___ when dinning out.A. nose ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. face ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?C. forehead ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. mouth49. When you are a guest which manner is permitted in America？A. pick your teeth at the tableB. break the bread into the soupC. refuse a food item you don't likeD. reprove the waiter50. If you need something that you cannot reach easily, the best manner is__A. stand up and take the item yourselfB. politely ask the person closest to the item to pass it to youC. ask the waiter to give you anotherD. order somebody to pass the itemIII Application writing. （3选1）1. Negociation dialogue .参照课后习题P82 页Situation 1-62. Application letter writing 参照课后习题P101页第2题P102 页第5题3．Resume 参照课本P91 到P92。

四川工商学院英语期末考试题

英语期末考试试题适用班级：21级综合班时间：90分钟满分：100分一．单项选择题。

（15分）1. I am going to take part in the examination next week.----______________________!A.CongratulationsB. May you succeedC. With pleasureD. Have a good time2.What would you rather do this weekend, go to a concert or an art show?—_____ Both are exciting to me.A. Is that right?B. It’s up to you.C. That’s great!D. I have got that.3.He looked forward to with hope ________ a letter from his girlfriend.A receive B．receiving C．received D．having received4.My name is Li Kang.I live in Shijiazhuang，a city not far ________ Beijing.A from B.of C.with D.in5.It is the capital city ________ Hebei Province.A from B.of C.with D.on6.There are three times many girls as boys.A.thanB.asC.forD.of7.--- She looks very happy. She ____ have passed the exam.--- I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.A.ShouldB. couldC. mustD. might8.They enjoy______basketball.A. playB. to playC. playingD. played9.____ is a girl, and _______ name is lily.A. Her, sheB. He, hisC. She, herD. I, my10.The little boy impressed me _______ his big eyes the first time I saw him.A.withB.inC. of D .on11.Are Senior High teachers similar ________ Junior High teacher.A．to B．with C．at D．Like12.Ms.Shen gave us instructions and then we worked ________.A．for ourselves B．in ourselves C．by ourselves D．be ourselves13.I feel very fortunate ________ here.A．to live B．in living C．living D．all the above14.--Which would you like, tea or coffee?------_______ are OK．I really don’t mind．A.Both B．None C．Either D．Neither15.We ________ two days and nights on the train.A．spent B．took C．cost D．used二．语言应用。

商务英语4期末综合练习题

商务英语4期末综合练习题I. Listening Comprehension (听力理解)Part A: Short Conversations (短对话)1. W: I heard there will be a business conference next month. Are you going?M: Yes, I am. It's a great opportunity to network and learn from industry experts.2. W: Excuse me, are you the manager here? I have a complaint about your product.M: I'm sorry to hear that. Please tell me more about the issue so that we can address it promptly.3. W: Our restaurant has received a lot of positive reviews online. Our customers seem to love our food.M: That's great news! Customer satisfaction is crucial for our business success.4. W: Can you recommend any reliable suppliers for computer components?M: Sure, I can provide you with a list of reputable suppliers in this industry.5. W: We need to improve our customer service. What do you suggest we should do?M: Training our staff to be more attentive and responsive would be a good start.Part B: Passages (短文)Passage 1:Dear all,I am writing to inform you about the upcoming company retreat scheduled for next month. We will have team-building activities, workshops, and guest speakers who will provide insights into current industry trends. Please mark your calendars and be prepared for a productive and enjoyable time!Best regards,[Your Name]Passage 2:Good afternoon,I am calling to follow up on the proposal we sent you last week. We would like to discuss it further and address any concerns or questions you may have. Please let us know your availability for a meeting this week. We look forward to continuing our conversation.Thank you,[Your Name]II. Reading Comprehension (阅读理解)1. Effective Communication in the Workplace (工作场所中的有效沟通)Effective communication is crucial for the success of any business. It promotes team collaboration, ensures clarity in tasks and expectations, and fosters a positive work environment. In order to communicate effectively, it is important to listen actively, use clear and concise language, and be open to feedback. Through effective communication, misunderstandings can be minimized, productivity can be enhanced, and relationships can be strengthened.2. International Business Etiquette (国际商务礼仪)In today's globalized economy, it is essential for professionals to be aware of and respect the cultural differences when conducting business internationally. Understanding the local customs, greetings, and communication styles can help build rapport and trust with potential partners or clients. Additionally, being mindful of time management, dress codes, and gift-giving traditions can contribute to successful cross-cultural business relationships.III. Writing (写作)1. Email to a Potential Client (发送给潜在客户的电子邮件)Dear [Client's Name],I hope this email finds you well. My name is [Your Name], and I represent [Your Company]. I recently came across your company's profile and was impressed by your innovative products and commitment to quality.I would like to explore the possibility of collaborating with your esteemed organization. Our company specializes in [your area of expertise], and we believe that our expertise and resources can complement your business objectives.I would greatly appreciate the opportunity to discuss this further at your convenience. Should you require any additional information about our company or wish to schedule a meeting, please do not hesitate to contact me.Thank you for considering [Your Company] as a potential partner. I look forward to hearing from you soon.Best regards,[Your Name][Your Position][Your Company]2. Business Report on Market Trends (关于市场趋势的商业报告)Executive Summary:This business report analyzes the current market trends in the [specific industry]. The data collected indicates a shift towards [specific trend], which presents both opportunities and challenges for businesses operating in this sector.1. Introduction- Background information on the market and its importance- Purpose and scope of the report2. Methodology- Research methods used to collect data- Data sources and sample size3. Key Findings- Trend 1: [Description of trend] and its implications- Trend 2: [Description of trend] and its impact on businesses- Trend 3: [Description of trend] and potential growth opportunities4. Opportunities and Challenges- Opportunities arising from the identified trends- Challenges businesses may face and strategies to overcome them5. Conclusion- Summary of the key findings- Recommendations for businesses operating in this market6. References- List of sources and references used in the reportPlease note that the findings presented in this report are based on the available data and may be subject to change. It is recommended that businesses conduct further analysis and market research before making strategic decisions.Overall, this report aims to provide insights into the current market trends and help businesses navigate the changing landscape of the [specific industry].IV. Grammar and Vocabulary (语法和词汇)1. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words/phrases:1. The company decided to _____________ its operations in the Asian market.2. The negotiation process was _____________ due to a language barrier.3. The project team _____________ with the unexpected challenges and completed the task on time.4. It is important to _____________ feedback from customers to improve our products.5. The company's _____________ strategy focuses on expanding into emerging markets.2. Rewrite the following sentences, using the words provided:1. The conference has been postponed due to unforeseen circumstances. (unfortunately)Unfortunately, the conference has been postponed due to unforeseen circumstances.2. Frank suggested implementing a new marketing strategy to boost sales. (recommendation)Frank made a recommendation to implement a new marketing strategy to boost sales.3. The manager emphasized the importance of punctuality in the workplace. (highlighted)The manager highlighted the importance of punctuality in the workplace.4. The company is experiencing a decline in sales due to increased competition. (affected)The company's sales have been affected by increased competition.5. The team successfully completed the project ahead of schedule. (achievement)The team's achievement was successfully completing the project ahead of schedule.V. Translation (翻译)Translate the following sentences into English:1. 我们非常重视客户的意见和反馈。

工商管理英语复习试题

Test 3 第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。

1-5 DCCCC1. —Could you help me with my physics, please 请问你能帮我做物理课作业吗—____________ 很抱歉不行。

我马上要去开会。

A. No, no way.B. No, I couldn’tC. No, I can’t.D. Sorry I can’t. I have to go to a meeting right now.2. —Could I speak to Don Watkins, please 我能和Don Watkins说话吗—____________ 我就是。

A. I’m listeningB. Oh, how are youC. Speaking, please.D. I’m Don.3. —Could I borrow your car for a few days 我能借你的车用几天吗—____________ 当然可以。

给你。

祝你旅途愉快。

A. Yes, you may borrow.B. Yes, go on.C. Sure, here you are. Enjoy your journey.D. It doesn’t matter.4. —Thank you for inviting me. 感谢您的邀请。

—____________ 谢谢光临。

A. I really had a happy time.B. Oh, it’s too lateC. Thank you for comingD. Oh, so slowly5.—May I see your tickets, please 可以看一下你的票吗—____________ 当然可以。

工商管理英语考试题期末

Part II Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: Read the following passages carefully and do the multiple-choice questions.Text 1On a practical level, teachers need a wide variety of skills and abilities. They have to be ready to spend many hours at home planning their lessons and preparing homework. They have to be well organized in class, patient with students, able to appear bright and interested even if they are in fact tired or unhappy, and lively enough to control a group of young people for almost 200 days a year. Outside the classroom, they may have to prepare teaching materials, to choose books to use as texts, to help organize the work of other teachers, or to organize spare time activities for students.If you think that you have all the necessary qualities, you may feel that you would like to be a teacher. One way to decide, if you live in the United States, is by joining a club for future teachers, such as Student Action for Education. Clubs like this give advice about your field, and also allow you to watch teachers at work, attend meetings and experiment with teaching methods and equipment. You could also talk with the job advisor at your school or university. Finally, you could try teaching a younger student or becoming an advisor at a summer camp for children. Any activity in which you are dealing with children will help you decide whether you have a calling for teaching.1. The first paragraph is mainly about ________.A) how to plan lessons and prepare homeworkB) how to help organize the work of other teachersC) various skills and abilities teachers needD) how to prepare teaching materials2.The second paragraph is mainly concerned with ________.A) the ways of deciding one's future employmentB) the ways to decide whether teaching should be one's future employmentC) joining a club for future teachersD) talking to an advisor when choosing future employment3. According to the author, a teacher should show a firm mind ________.A) that suffers only from tirednessB) that suffers only from unhappinessC) that suffers only from unusual tiredness or unhappinessD) that is able to control tiredness and unhappiness4.Student Action for Education is ________.A) a summer camp for childrenB) an activity at a summer campC) a club for future teachersD) a club for job advisors5. Which of the following does the author suggest to a person who wants to be a teacher?A) Watching teachers at work, or organizing students' spare time activitiesB) Preparing and correcting homework, experimenting with teaching methods andequipmentC) Joining a future teachers' club, talking with job advisors, or working with childrenD) Planning lessons, or attending teachers' meetingsPassage 2There are different ideas about pets in different parts of the world. In most cultures, animals are in a worse position than human beings. In some cases, however, people treat their pets like members of their families, or perhaps better. In the United States and Europe, there are special shops that sell clothing and food for cats and dogs.In many countries of the world, there is special food for pets. It is common for big markets in many places to sell cat food and dog food. However, in a small town in France, there is a special restaurant for dogs. Dogs are the only customers. There is seating for twenty of them. The dogs choose from a variety of dishes on the menu.Of course, in most parts of the world, pets don't live in such wealth and comfort. People treat their pets in a more practical way. People own cats and dogs because they keep away mice and other unwanted animals. Owners have some loving feelings for their pets, but they do not see them as equal to family members. In most places in the world, there isn't any special clothing or fine food for animals. There aren't any special restaurants for dogs.Pets around the world live in a great variety of ways, just as people do.6. According to the passage, in most countries _________.A) people treat their pets like members of their familiesB) there are special shops that sell clothing for dogs and catsC) animals are in a worse position than human beingsD) pets such as dogs and cats are very popular7. According to the passage, there are ___________.A) restaurants for dogs in every city in FranceB) no dogs or cats that wear clothingC) some people who treat their pets far better than they treat their childrenD) many owners of dogs and cats in the United States and Europe8. For many people, pets may have a more practical function because _________.A) cats and dogs can be used to keep away miceB) pets are often useful companions for old peopleC) pets can sometimes be sold to make moneyD) some pets may show loving feelings for their owners.9. In your opinion, which of the following sentences is probably true?A) Dogs and cats like to wear expensive clothing.B) Many people visit the dog restaurant in France.C) People in every part of the world like to buy fine clothing for their pets.D) In some cases, animals have better food and clothing than people.10. The main idea of this reading passage is: _______.A) Dogs enjoy fine restaurantsB) A rich cat can afford to go to any restaurantC) People treat pets in very different ways in different parts of the worldD) It is stupid to have special food and clothing for animalsPassage 3What makes Americans spend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from home? The answers lie in the way Americans live today. During the first few decades of the twentieth century, canned and convenience foods freed the family cook from full-time duty at the kitchen range. Then, in the 1940s, work in the wartime plants took more women out of the home than ever before, setting the pattern of the working wife and mother.Today about half of the country’s married women are employed outside the home. But, unless family members pitch in with food preparation, women are not fully liberated from that chore. Instead many have become, in a sense, prisoners of the completely cooked convenience meal. It is easier to pick up a bucket of fried chicken on the way from work or t take family out for pizzas, or burgers than to start opening cans or heating up frozen dinners after a long, hard day.Also, the rising divorce rate means that there are more single working parents with children to feed. And many young adults and elderly people, as well as unmarried and divorced mature people, live alone rather than as part of a family unit and don’t want to bother cooking for one.Fast food is appealing because it is fast, it doesn’t require any dressing up, it offers a “fun”break.11. American women left home to work in large numbers because of_________.A) the improved living standardB) the increase in food priceC) the need of wartime industryD) the modernization of the kitchen12. The phrase “pitch in” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_________.A) “offer help and support”B) “eat with good appetite”C) “offer compliment”D) “disagree with”13. What is a working mother’s best choice if she does not have time to prepare dinner for thefamily according to the passage?A) Making a meal out of canned food.B) Buying some chicken on the way home and frying it.C) Taking the family to dinner at a pizza place.D) Heating up frozen dinners.14. Which of the following groups of Americans are most likely to cook their meal at home?A) Single working mothers.B) unmarried mature people.C) elderly people living alone.D) Unemployed women with family.15. What is this passage mainly about?A) Women’s liberation in America.B) Changes in the American family during Word War II.C) Reasons for the popularity of fast food in America.D) Rising divorce rate in America today.Passage 4There are different ideas about pets in different parts of the world. In most cultures, animals are in a worse position than human beings. In some cases, however, people treat their pets like members of their families, or perhaps better. In the United States and Europe, there are special shops that sell clothing and food for cats and dogs.In many countries of the world, there is special food for pets. It is common for big markets in many places to sell cat food and dog food. However, in a small town in France, there is a special restaurant for dogs. Dogs are the only customers. There is seating for twenty of them. The dogs choose from a variety of dishes on the menu.Of course, in most parts of the world, pets don't live in such wealth and comfort. People treat their pets in a more practical way. People own cats and dogs because they keep away mice and other unwanted animals. Owners have some loving feelings for their pets, but they do not see them as equal to family members. In most places in the world, there isn't any special clothing or fine food for animals. There aren't any special restaurants for dogs.Pets around the world live in a great variety of ways, just as people do.16. According to the passage, in most countries ______________________________.A. animals are in a worse position than human beingsB. people treat their pets like members of their familiesC. there are special shops that sell clothing for dogs and catsD. pets such as dogs and cats are very popular17. According to the passage, there are ______________________________.A. many owners of dogs and cats in the United States and EuropeB. restaurants for dogs in every city in FrancC. no dogs or cats that wear clothingD. some people who treat their pets far better than they treat their children18. For many people, pets may have a more practical function because ____________________.A. pets are often useful companions for old peopleB. cats and dogs can be used to keep away miceC. pets can sometimes be sold to make moneyD. some pets may show loving feelings for their owners19. In your opinion, which of the following sentences is probably true?A. Dogs and cats like to wear expensive clothing.B. Many people visit the dog restaurant in France.C. People in every part of the world like to buy fine clothing for their pets.D. In some cases, animals have better food and clothing than people.20. The main idea of this reading passage is ____________________________.A. Dogs enjoy fine restaurantsB. A rich cat can afford to go to any restaurantC. People treat pets in very different ways in different parts of the worldD. It is stupid to have special food and clothing for animals1-5 C B D C C6-10 C D A D C11-15 C A C D C16-20 A A B D CClozeChildren model themselves largely on their parents. They do so mainly through identification. Children identify 66 a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are 67 of that parent. The things parents do and say—and the 68 they do and say to them—therefore strongly influence a child’s 69 , However, parents must consistently behave like the type of 70 they want their child to become.A parent’s actions 71 affect the self mage that a child forms 72 identification.Children who see mainly positive qualities in their 73 will likely learn to see themselves in a positive way. Children who observe chiefly 74 qualities in their parents will have difficulty 75 positive qualities in themselves.Children may 76 their self image, however, as they become increasingly 77 .Isolated events, 78 dramatic ones, do not necessarily have a permanent 79 on a child’s behavior. Children interpret such events according to their established attitudes and previous training. Children who know they are loved can, 80 ,accept the divorce of their parent’s or a parent’s early 81 .But if children feel unloved, they may interpret such events 82 a sign of rejection or punishment. In the same way, all children are not influenced 83 by toys and games, reading matter, and television programs. 84 in the case of a dramatic change in family relations, the 85 of an activity or experience depends on how the child interprets it.66.A. to B. with C. around D. for67.A. informed B. characteristic C. conceived D. indicative68.A. gesture B. expression D. way D. extent69.A. behavior B. words C. mood D. reactions70.A. person B. humans C. creatures D. adult71.A. in turn B. nevertheless C. also D. as a result72.A. before B. besides C. with D. through73.A. eyes B. parents C. peers D. behaviors74.A. negative B. cheerful C. various D. complex75.A. see B. seeing C. to see D. to seeing76.A. modify B. copy C. Give up D. continue77.A. mature B. influenced C. unique D. independent78.A. particularly B. partially C. especially D. finally79.A. idea B. wonder C. stamp D. effect80.A. luckily B. for example C. at most D. theoretically81.A. death B. rewards C. advice D. teaching82.A. as B. being C. of D. for83.A. even B. at all C. alike D. as a whole84.A.Oh B. Alas C. Right D. As85.A. result B. effect C. scale D. causeKey: 66—70 BBCAA 71—75 CDBAB 76—80 ABCDB 81—85 AACDB1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the title: “My View on Job-hopping” Your composition should be in three paragraphs and based on the outline given below in Chinese.1．有些人喜欢始终从事一种工作，因为…2．有些人喜欢经常换工作，因为…3．我的看法。

工商导论作业

Week 2 ExerciseA.Questions about “Business Environment”1.How can we define business environment?Business environment may be defines as a set of conditions—social, legal, economic, political or institutional that is uncontrollable in nature and affects the functioning of organizations.2.How can we define an organization’s internal environment?Internal environment is a component of the business environment, which is composed of various elements present inside the organization that can affect or can be affected with the choices, activities and decisions of the organization.3.How can we define an organization’s external environment?An external environment is a group of factors or conditions that are outside the organization but affect it in some extent. In business, this term commonly applies to elements related to out of control dimensions such as society, economy, regulations and political system. It can be broken into two types: the micro environment and the macro environment.4.What are the internal factors that affect the economic environment of a business?①Organizational mission statement ②company policy ③organizational culture ④organizational climates ⑤resources ⑥managerial philosophies ⑦managerial leadership styles ⑧formal structure5.What are the external factors that affect the economic environment of a business?①Government and legal factors ②geo-physical factors ③political factors ④social-cultural factors ⑤demographic factors and so on.6.How can we define an organization’s micro environment?The environment which is close to business and affects its capacity to work is known as micro or operating environment.7.How can we define an organization’s macro environment?Macro environment comprises general trends and forces that may not immediately affect the organization but sooner or later will alter the way organization operates.8.What are the elements of an organization’s micro environment?Micro environment consists of suppliers, customers, market intermediaries, competitors and public.9.What are the elements of an organization’s macro environment?1)Economic environment: (economic stages, economic system, economic planning,economic policies, economic indices, economic problems, functioning of economy)2)Non-economic environment: (political environment, social-cultural environment,technological environment, natural environment, demographic environment and international environment.)10.Why is it important for businesses to scan the business environment?1)Scanning the business environment helps the organizations to understand theirstrengths and weaknesses and to identify both the opportunities open to them andthreats they face.2)By exploring its strengths and minimizing its weaknesses, if the organizations cancapitalize these opportunities and effectively reduce the threats, then it would be able to grow.B.Questions about “Entrepreneurship”1.What kind of person can be considered as an entrepreneur?An entrepreneur is one who organizes a new business venture in the hopes of making a profit.2.How will an entrepreneur influence other businessmen?Entrepreneurship is a source of more entrepreneurship, and the societies around the world have always been fueled by the innovations and new products that entrepreneurs bring to the market.3.What factors does successful entrepreneurship depend on?1) A dedicated, talented, creative entrepreneur2)Access to a variety of important resources3) A plan of action4) A team of talented, experiences individuals4.What is Joseph Schumpeter and Arthur Cole’s definition of an entrepreneur?1)Joseph Schumpeter: Joseph Schumpeter argued that the definingcharacteristic of entrepreneurial ventures was innovation.2)Arthur Cole: Arthur Cole defined entrepreneurship as purposeful activity toinitiate, maintain, and develop a profit-oriented business. Cloe’s entrepreneur was a builder of profit-minded organizations.5.What is Shapero and Sokol’s definition of an entrepreneur?Shapero and Sokol argued that all organizations and individuals have the potential to be entrepreneurial.6.What is Peter Drucker’s definition of an entrepreneur?Drucker argued that entrepreneurship is a systematic, professional discipline available to anyone in an organization. And he understood entrepreneurship as a tool to be implemented by managers and organizational leaders, as a means of growing a business.7.What personality traits are important for an entrepreneur?1)Commitment: it is self-motivation that distinguishes successful entrepreneursfrom those who failed.2)Business knowledge: business planning, market strategies, asset management,etc.3)Technical and other skills4)Communication abilities5)Courage6)Creativity7)The ability to tolerate ambiguous and uncertain situations and handle thepressure that uncertainty brings upon an organization8)The ability to find unique solutions9)The ability to deal with the limited resources available to them effectively10)Be creative to find capital, team members or markets8.What are the stages a businessperson must go through in order to create asuccessful entrepreneurial venture?1) A concept formation stage: ideas are generated, the innovation andopportunity are identified, and the business begins to take shape.2) A resource gathering stage: necessary resources are brought together tolaunch the new business.3)The organization is actually created.9.What is the relation of entrepreneurship and leadership?1)They are focusing on different aspects of a business. But only a person who isboth a manager and visionary can build its organization, and these twin obligations cannot be fully met alone.2)The relations between entrepreneurship and leadership should be balanced.Entrepreneurs should handle the day-to-day operations of the business (entrepreneurship) as well as decision making obligations, and their decision making (leadership) could determine the organization’s long-term direction, philosophy, and future.10.What policies are required in the management of an entrepreneurialorganization?1)Management of an entrepreneurial organization requires policies thatencourage innovation and rewards those who innovate.2)Management has to take the lead in establishing the patterns that will lead to adynamic, flexible and vital organization.3)The venture must be receptive to innovation and open to the possibilitiesinherent in change.4)Change must be seen as positive for a business to remain entrepreneurial.。

商务英语期末试题及答案

商务英语期末试题及答案Introduction:Commercial English is a vital skill in today's globalized business world. This article presents a set of final exam questions and their corresponding answers related to the field of Business English. The format of the article will be divided into several sections, providing concise and organized information to enhance readability and comprehension. Without further ado, let us delve into the Business English final exam questions and answers.Section 1: Vocabulary1. Define the following terms:(a) Market segmentation: Market segmentation refers to the process of dividing a market into distinct groups of consumers who share similar characteristics, needs, or preferences. This enables businesses to tailor their marketing strategies to target specific consumer segments effectively.(b) Key performance indicators (KPIs): KPIs are measurable values that indicate the performance and progress of an organization towards its objectives. They help evaluate and track the success of various business activities and initiatives.(c) Supply chain management: Supply chain management involves the coordination and oversight of all activities, processes, and resources involved in the production, distribution, and delivery of goods and services from the initial sourcing of raw materials to the final consumption by customers.(d) Intellectual property (IP): Intellectual property refers to intangible creations of the mind, such as inventions, designs, literary works, and trademarks, that are legally protected against unauthorized use or reproduction.Section 2: Reading ComprehensionRead the following passage and answer the questions that follow:Passage:In today's competitive business landscape, effective communication plays a crucial role in building successful relationships with clients, suppliers, and colleagues. Communication skills encompass both verbal and non-verbal aspects.Questions:1. Why is effective communication important in the business world?Effective communication is essential in the business world as it facilitates the exchange of information, ideas, and instructions among individuals and teams. It helps build relationships, resolves conflicts, and boosts efficiency and productivity within organizations.2. What are some elements of effective communication?Some elements of effective communication include clarity, conciseness, active listening, non-verbal cues, and empathy. Clear and concise messages help ensure understanding, while active listening and non-verbal cues (such as body language and facial expressions) enhance comprehension and fosterrapport. Empathy allows individuals to understand and relate to the emotions and perspectives of others, facilitating effective communication.Section 3: GrammarIdentify and correct the errors in the following sentences:1. The company's success depend on its employees' dedication and hard work.Correction: The company's success depends on its employees' dedication and hard work.2. Each of the managers were asked to submit their reports by the end of the week.Correction: Each of the managers was asked to submit his or her report by the end of the week.3. We should avoid using jargons and acronyms that might confuse the clients.Correction: We should avoid using jargon and acronyms that might confuse the clients.Section 4: Business WritingCompose an email to a potential client, introducing your company and services, and inviting them to a meeting:Dear [Client's Name],I hope this email finds you well. My name is [Your Name], and I am a representative of [Your Company]. I recently came across your company's profile and was impressed by its industry reputation and achievements.At [Your Company], we specialize in providing comprehensive business solutions tailored to meet the unique needs and challenges of our clients. With a team of experienced professionals and a proven track record of success, we have helped numerous businesses optimize their operations and maximize their growth potential.I would like to take this opportunity to invite you and your team for a meeting where we can discuss how [Your Company] can support and contribute to the success of your organization. Our team is well-equipped to provide strategic insights, innovative solutions, and personalized guidance to address your specific goals and objectives.Please let me know if you would be available for a meeting at your earliest convenience. I would be more than happy to schedule a time that suits your busy schedule. I am confident that our partnership can yield mutually beneficial results.Thank you for considering [Your Company] as your trusted business partner. I look forward to the opportunity of meeting you in person and discussing our potential collaboration.Warm regards,[Your Name][Your Title/Position][Your Company]Conclusion:In conclusion, Business English is a vital skillset for professionals in today's interconnected and fast-paced business environment. This article provided a sample set of final exam questions and their corresponding answers to help enhance understanding and knowledge in the field of Business English. By mastering vocabulary, reading comprehension, grammar, and business writing, individuals can excel in effectively communicating and conducting business in the global marketplace.。

商务英语本科段《工商导论》期考试题(B).doc

福建师范大学外国语学院商务英语本科段《工商导论》期考试题（B）班级：_____ 学号：________ 姓名： _________ 成绩：_______一、单项选择题（本人题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填在题后的括号内。

错选、多选或未选均无分。

1.领导者具备的感知和发现环境屮商务机会和商务风险的能力，理解事物与事物之间关联并找出关键影响因素的能力，以及权衡不同商务策略的优劣及驾驭的能力，指的是（）。

A.技术性技能B.人际关系技能C.概念性技能D.策略性技能2.在公司基本产品和服务不变情况下，细化基本产品的特殊功能，以适应细化了的口标顾客，满足他们的个性化需求，借以抵御价格战带来的压力。

这是商务管理模式类别屮的（）A.深化改进现有模式B. “克隆”现有模式C.在新的业务领域内复制旧有的模式D.利用核心优势发展新模式3・作为国家纽织经济的形式，规定了国家与企业、企业与企业、企业与各经济部门的关系,并通过一定的管理手段和方法，调控或影响社会经济流动的范围、内容和方式的商务活动经济环境要素是（）A.社会经济结构B.社会发展水平C.经济体制D.经济政策4.企业社会化生产目标中首要的日标是（）A.社会贡献目标B.市场日标C.发展目标D.利益目标5.其策略要点在于收购或兼并与业务有关的原料供应企业，或自己产品的分销企业。

目的在于确保原料充足和价格合理，有利于审场拓销，可以稳定企业业务，有利于进行计划与协调工作。

这是大型企业扩展的方向中的（）A.横向扩展B.纵向扩展C.多元化扩展D.服务型6.指某产业或行业内众多有相近产品厂家集屮一起通过某种形武，如展销会、交易会、新产品发布会等向市场推介产品的活动。

这是促销活动屮的（）A.消费推广B.交易推广C.产业推广D.营业推广7.儿家企业拥有不同的关键资源，为了彼此的利益进行战略联盟，相互交换资源，形成互补以创造竞争优势。

工商导论(英译汉)

一：Debt or Equity Financing?Debt or equity financing?this is a question many firms have to answer during their financial planning . Debt financing means obligations to pay loan lenders or bond buyers a fixed amount of interest regardless of the firm’s financial conditions .if the firm fails to pay, it may lose its assets and even go bankrupt. So the safest strategy would be to avoid any debt . For most firms,however ,using equity as the only source of funds is either inadequate for its operations or too expensive. Therefore,an optimized mix of debt and equity financing should be found to meet the firm’s long-term financial needs and maximize shareholders’weath.Such a mix,also called capital structure ,varies form industry to industry and form firm to firm . For industries and firms which have predictable cash flows (e.g. utilities companies),the portion of debt-financing can be higher than those with different cash flow patterns.二：Marketing MixTo carry out the above functions,the marketers must develop a comprehensive plan or strategy covering the following major areas,i.e.,product ,price,promotion and place , usually summarized as “the 4 p’s” of marketing.Below is an overview of the 4p’s; detailed discussions will be given in the following chapters.1.product A product starts with consumer needs and must be different from rivalcommodities to stand competition;in other words,it must have special appeal for consumers in aspects like quality,utility or image.2.Price Most people ,rich or poor,are sensitive to price . in order to attract customers andbeat competition,firms try their best to lower the price.But too low a price will leave them with no profit and may violate laws . So firms should take costs, rivals’ prices and pricing regulations all into account when pricing their products.3.Promotion Promotion means making a product and its benefits known and stimulatingconsumer demand for it. Among the most often used promotional tools are advertising,packaging,salesbrochures,personalselling,etc.4.Place Firmsmust,through cost-effective channels of distribution and timelytransportation,make their goods services available where and when they are wanted.三：Who sets the Price?“of course the seller sets the price,”many consumers would answer with no hesitation . But in reality , many forces interact in price setting .First of all ,in a market economy,buyers play a greater role in price setting than most people believe. If the sellers are given the liberty of setting prices at their will , they will certainly charge the highest price possible , but that will scare away most ,if not all,of the buyers.As a result ,the sellers will have to cut the price to the point that it is high enough for them to make a profit butlow enough to attract a sufficient number of buyers . So,by buying or not buying a product the buyers can exercise great influence in the price setting process.Secondly, supply and demand also interact in price setting in a market economy. When the supply of a product exceeds the demand for it , the price will go down , and vice versa. According to the economic theory of supply and demand , price is set where supply meets demand ,and this price is referred to as the equilibrium price.四：First, commercial banks are required to store some of their funds (a reserve) either in their own vault or as deposit with their local Federal Reserve Banks. In order to control the money supply , the Fed can adjust reserve requirements for commercial banks. Higher reserve requirements for commercial banks . Higher reserve requirements mean that banks have less money to lend ,and reduce the expansion of money . Lower requirements , conversely, will result in an increased supply of money.The Fed also acts as the commercial bankers’bank . When commercial banks need money, they can borrow from the Federal Reserve Banks and pay interest on theloans . The rate of interest charged by the Fed is called discount rate. If the Fed wants to reduce the money supply , it increases the discount rate, making borrowing more expensive and bank loan-making less attractive. Low discount rates , on the other hand ,encourage borrowing and lending , resulting in expansion of the money supply. Changes in the discount rate cause more subtle shifts in the Fed uses this tool frequently . In the 1980s, for instance ,the Fed adjusted the the discount rates considerably.The third instrument the Fed can use to control the money supply is its open-market operations .When it wants to increase the money supply , the Fed buys securities from dealers. The dealers’ banks are credited for the transactions, so the banks have more money to lend and this expands the money supply .to decrease the supply of money , the Fed sells securities.Open-market operations are the most effective tools of control because they act quickly and predictably .五：Bonds provide very steady income and have the least risk .Therefore,they are more appealing to those with fixed income (e.g. the retired).Also attractive to income-minded investors are dividend-yielding stocks such as preferred stock and common stocks which regularly pay dividends . For investors who are still young and can wait for the long term mon stocks with good growth potential are of particular interest .In reality , many investors own bonds , dividend-yielding stocks ,blue chips as well as speculative issues . For example , they may invest most of their money in blue chips for long term growth , some in bonds or dividend-yielding stocks for regular income . and a small portion in speculative issues for quick money .。

工商导论英文作文

工商导论英文作文Business Introduction。

Business is all about making money, right? Well, not exactly. It's more about creating value for customers and society as a whole. Sure, making a profit is important, but it's not the only goal of a business. 。

In today's fast-paced world, businesses need to constantly innovate and adapt to stay ahead of the competition. This means keeping an eye on market trends, technological advancements, and changing consumer preferences. It's a never-ending cycle of evolution and reinvention.When it comes to business, communication is key. Whether it's with customers, suppliers, or employees, effective communication can make or break a business. It's not just about what you say, but how you say it and how well you listen.Ethics and social responsibility are becoming increasingly important in the business world. Consumers are more conscious of where they spend their money, and they expect businesses to be ethical and sustainable. It's no longer just about the bottom line, but about the impact a business has on the world.The global economy has made it easier than ever for businesses to expand internationally. This presents both opportunities and challenges. On one hand, businesses can reach new markets and tap into new resources. On the other hand, they need to navigate different cultures, regulations, and business practices.In conclusion, business is a complex and dynamic field that requires a mix of skills, from strategic thinking to effective communication. It's not just about making money, but about creating value, being adaptable, and making a positive impact on the world.。

工商管理成人本科英语期末考试题及答案

Passage OneInternet voting happens all the time, but usually it's confined to topics such as "Who is the cutest cast member of Party of Five?" Soon, however, people will be able to cast their ballots for President on the Internet. In March, Arizona Democrats will vote online in their state's presidentialand Florida and Washington are considering online voting. The military plans to allow a small test group of overseas soldiers to vote via the Internet this November.The Internet voting is growing rapidly. There are civic(市民的)engagement enthusiasts whosee it as a way to prevent the drop in voter turnout. Then there are the Internet fans, who think the Internet is going to change everything, so why not politics? Most important are the people who make the plan for developing software for online voting. Imagine the retail price of that software, then multiply it by every state and city government, and suddenly a lot of Internet capitalists develop a deeply felt concern for increasing voter turnout.Some problems will arise. Hackers and some Politicians could break into a voting database and make the secret ballot not so secret. A massive computer failure would have disastrous consequences. Just as serious, online voting could distort participation levels, at least, to the wealthy and cyber- connected.In the long run, however, online voting might make little difference. Since the 1960s, the government has made numerous attempts to energize nonvoters by making it easier for them to get to the polls, extending voting hours, lowering the voting age, etc. Still, voter turnout has decreased steadily. Political scientists believe the important cause is indifference and dislike to politics, not the inconvenience of voting. Putting a ballot on the Internet might even further depress turnout by cheapening one of the holy ceremonies of democracy. "The business of democracy," says Curtis Gans, an analyst of voting behaviour, "shouldn't be the same as getting your e-mail."56. The word "ballot" (Line 2, Para. 1) most probably means_·A) vote B) ball C) dance D) voter57. Internet voting is growing rapidly because of all of the following EXCEPT that_.A) civic engagement enthusiasts regard it as a way to prevent the drop in voter turnoutB) Internet fans think the Internet is going to change everything including politicsC) some people make the plan for developing software for online votingD) some capitalists are very much concerned about the voter turnout58. Which of the following is NOT a problem that will arise in Internet voting?A) People will gain unauthorized access to a database.B) Online voting system may be distorted.C) Participants will be mainly wealthy and cyber-connected people.D) Computer failure.59. According to political scientists, the important cause for decreased voter turnout is—·A) the lack of interest in politicsB) the inconvenience of votingC) the lack of regulationsD) the limited voting hours60. What does Curtis Gans think of the Internet voting?A)1t is not serious to vote by means of the Internet.B) Internet voting is a natural behavior just like sending an e-mail.C) Government should make the polls easier for voters to get to.D) Fewer and fewer people are interested in Internet voting.Passage TwoOne greater benefit of the Web is that it allows us to move information online that now resides in paper form. Electronic commerce is increasing steadily. It is difficult to measure, because a lot of electronic commerce involves existing buyers and sellers who are simply moving paper-based transactions to the Web. That is not new business. Microsoft, for example, purchases millions of dollars of PCs online instead of by paper. However, that is not a fundamental change; it has just improved the efficiency of an existing process. The biggest impact has occurred where electronic commerce matches buyers and sellers who would not previously have found each other. That is a new type of commerce.Today, about half of all PCs are still not connected to the Web. Getting communications costs down and making all the software simpler willbring in those people. And that, in turn, will move. us closer to the critical mass that will make the Web lifestyle everyone's lifestyle.The boundary between a television set and a PC will be blurred (使模糊) because even the set-top box (机顶盒) that you connect up to your cable or satellite will have a processor more powerful than what we have today in the most expensive PC. This will, in effect, make your television a computer.Interaction with the Web also will improve, making it much easier for people to be involved. Today the keywords we use to search the Web often display too many articles to sort through, many of them out of context. If you want to learn about the fastest computer chip available, you might end up getting responses instead about potato chips being delivered in fast trucks. If you ask about the speed of chips, the result will be about computers, not potatoesTo predict that it will take over ten years for these changes to happen is probably pessimistic. We usually overestimate what we can do in two years and underestimate what we can do in ten. The Web will be as much a way of life as the car by 2008 or even earlier.61. Electronic commerce becomes a new type of commerce whenA) paper-based trading is moved on to the WebB) the efficiency of the existing process is improved by the InternetC) a Web site offers more goods than a storeD) new buyers and sellers find each other on the Internet62. One of the reasons why half of PCs are not connected to the Web is that_A) the software is not user-friendlyB) people have no interest in the WebC) the Web information is not reliableD) people are too busy to get connected to the Web63. The use of computer will be much more widespread when_.A) the boundary between the computer and the TV disappearsB) electronic commerce brings about a fundamental changeC) computer and communication become simpler and cheaperD) governments begin to move administration online64. The example of potato chips in the passage is used to illustrate_.A) the Web's ineffective interactionB) the Web's too much informationC) the Web's lack of speedD) the Web's inaccurate response65. In this passage the author is trying to show that_.A) everyone will be able to use computer and the Web by 2008B) computers will be able to recognize speech in 10-year timeC) the use of the Web will become more common and easier in the futureD) interaction with the Web will become easier to manage56-60. A D B A A 61-65. D A C D CToday the ear is the most popular sort of transportation in all of the United States. Et has completely 66 the horse as a 67 of everyday transportation.Americans use their car for 68 90% of all 69 business.Most Americans are able to 70 cars. The average price of a 71 made car was, 50 in 1950, 469 in 1960 and up to, 750 72 1975.During this period American car manufacturers set about 73 their products and work efficiency. As a result, the yearly income of the 74 family increased from 1950 to 1975 75 than the price of cars.For this reason 76 a new car takes a smaller 77 of a family’s total earnings today.In 1951 78 it took 8.1 months of an average family’s 79 to buy a new car. In 1962 a new car 80 8.3 months of a family’s annual earnings, 81 1975 it only took 4.75 moths income.In addition. The 1975 cars were technically 82 to models from previous years.The 83 of automobile extends throughout the economy 84 the car is so important to American. Americans spend more money 85 keeping their cars running than on any other item.66.A. denied B. reproduced C. replaced D. ridiculed67.A. means B. mean C. types D. kinds68.A. hardly B. nearly C. certainly D. somehow69.A. personal B. personnel C. manual D. artificial70.A .buy B. sell C. race D. see71.A. quickly B. regularly C. rapidly C. recently72.A. on B. in C. before D. after73.A. raising B. making C. reducing D. improving74.A. unusual B. smallest C. average D. biggest75.A. slower B. equal C. faster D. less76.A. bringing B. obtain C. bought D. purchasing77.A. part B. half C. number D. quality78.A. clearly B. proportionally C. percentage D. suddenly79.A. income B. work C. plans D. debts80.A. used B. spent C. cost D. needed81.A. by B. to C. until D. in82.A. famous B. superior C. fastest D. better83.A. running B. notice C. influence D. affect84.A. then B. as C. so D. which85.A. to B. in C. of D. forKey: 66—70 CABAA 71—75 BBDCC 76—80 DABAC 81—85 ABCBB翻译：英译汉1. Chinese New Year is the most important traditional Chinese holiday. In China, it is also known as the Spring Festival. New Year celebrations run from Chinese New Year’s Eve, the last day of the last month of the lunar calendar, to the Lantern Festival o n the 15th day of the first month. Customs and traditions c oncerning the celebration of the Chinese New Year vary widely from place to place. However, New Year’s Eve is usually an occasion for Chinese families to gather for the annual reunion dinner. It is also traditional for every family to thoroughly clean the house in order to sweep away ill fortune and to bring in good luck. And doors will be decorated with red couplets with themes of health, wealth and good luck. Other activities include lighting firecrackers, giving money in red envelopes, and visiting relatives and friends.中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日，在中国也被称为春节。

商务导论英语期末考试试题

商务导论英语期末考试试题### 商务导论英语期末考试试题#### Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (20 marks)1. The primary goal of a business is to:- A. Maximize social impact- B. Achieve sustainability- C. Generate profit- D. Increase market share2. Which of the following is not a type of business structure? - A. Sole Proprietorship- B. Partnership- C. Corporation- D. Non-Profit Organization3. In the SWOT analysis, "S" stands for:- A. Strengths- B. Strategies- C. Situations- D. Systems4. The process of identifying and understanding the needs and wants of potential customers is known as:- A. Market research- B. Market segmentation- C. Market penetration- D. Market saturation5. Which of the following is a financial statement that showsa company's financial position at a specific point in time? - A. Income statement- B. Balance sheet- C. Cash flow statement- D. Statement of retained earnings#### Section B: Short Answer Questions (30 marks)6. Define the term 'Business Ethics' and explain its importance in the corporate world.7. Describe the differences between a 'push' and a 'pull' marketing strategy.8. Explain the concept of 'Supply Chain Management' and its significance in modern business.9. What is 'Corporate Social Responsibility' and why is it becoming increasingly important for businesses?10. Briefly describe the steps involved in the process of product development.#### Section C: Case Study Analysis (20 marks)11. Read the following case study and answer the questions that follow.Case Study:XYZ Corporation is a leading manufacturer of electronic devices. They have recently launched a new smartphone modelthat has received mixed reviews. The company is facing a decline in sales and is considering various strategies to improve its market position.Questions:- What strategic options might XYZ Corporation consider to address the decline in sales?- How can XYZ Corporation utilize market research to inform their strategic decisions?- Discuss the potential impact of implementing a corporate social responsibility program on XYZ Corporation's brand image.#### Section D: Essay Questions (30 marks)12. Discuss the role of innovation in business growth and sustainability. Provide examples to support your arguments.13. Analyze the impact of globalization on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Consider both the opportunities and challenges faced by SMEs in a globalized economy.14. Critically evaluate the statement: "In today's competitive business environment, effective communication is more important than ever for a company's success."Note: This is a sample examination paper designed to assess students' understanding of key concepts in business studies. It is important to answer all questions to the best of yourability, demonstrating a comprehensive grasp of the subject matter.。

商务英语期末考试题及答案

商务英语期末考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is NOT a common business practice?A. Negotiating contractsB. Attending business meetingsC. Watching TV during work hoursD. Networking2. The term "due diligence" refers to:A. The process of making coffeeB. The process of thoroughly investigating a businessC. The process of paying billsD. The process of filing taxes3. What does "B2B" stand for in business?A. Business to BusinessB. Business to ConsumerC. Business to GovernmentD. Business to Environment4. In a business context, "ROI" stands for:A. Return on InvestmentB. Risk of InvestmentC. Rules of InvestmentD. Revenue of Investment5. What is the purpose of a SWOT analysis in business?A. To analyze the strengths and weaknesses of a companyB. To analyze the strengths and opportunities of a companyC. To analyze the weaknesses and threats of a companyD. All of the above6. The term "blue chip" is used to describe:A. A high-quality, stable companyB. A new, innovative companyC. A company that is struggling financiallyD. A company that is environmentally friendly7. What does "IPO" stand for?A. International Product OfferingB. Initial Public OfferingC. International Product OrderD. International Product Operation8. Which of the following is a form of non-verbal communication in business?A. EmailB. Body languageC. Phone callD. Memo9. The acronym "PEST" in business analysis stands for:A. Political, Economic, Social, and TechnologicalB. Product, Equipment, Service, and TechnologyC. Plan, Execute, Strategy, and TechnologyD. Performance, Evaluation, Strategy, and Tactics10. What is the primary goal of a marketing strategy?A. To increase market shareB. To decrease costsC. To reduce competitionD. To decrease the company's workforce答案：1. C2. B3. A4. A5. D6. A7. B8. B9. A 10. A二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. The process of exchanging goods or services for money is known as _________.(交易)12. A company's _________ is its most valuable asset.(品牌)13. The term "synergy" refers to the concept that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts, which is often used in _________.(商业合并)14. In business, a "prospect" is a potential _________.(客户)15. A "feasibility study" is conducted to determine the_________ of a project.(可行性)16. The acronym "R&D" stands for _________ and Development. (研究)17. A "balance sheet" is a financial statement that providesan overview of a company's _________.(财务状况)18. "E-commerce" refers to the buying and selling of goods or services using the _________.(互联网)19. "Outsourcing" is the practice of hiring another company to perform _________.(任务)20. The term "intellectual property" refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions, literary and artistic works, designs, and symbols, names, images, and _________.(品牌)答案：11. 交易 12. 品牌 13. 商业合并 14. 客户 15. 可行性 16. 研究17. 财务状况 18. 互联网 19. 任务 20. 品牌三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）21. Explain the concept of "branding" in business.品牌在商业中的概念是指通过名称、术语、标志、设计、符号或任何其他特征来区分一个公司的产品或服务。

工商企业管理英语3期末试题及答案

工商企业管理英语3期末试题及答案1、We must try hard to make up for the lost time. [单选题] *A. 弥补(正确答案)B. 利用C. 抓紧D. 浪费2、--Is that the correct spelling?--I don’t know. You can _______ in a dictionary [单选题] *A. look up itB. look it forC. look it up(正确答案)D. look for it3、Julia’s on holiday in Shanghai _______. [单选题] *A. in a momentB. after a momentC. at the moment(正确答案)D. at any moment4、His picture is on show in London this month. [单选题] *A. 给...看B. 展出(正确答案)C. 出示D. 上演5、My mother’s birthday is coming. I want to buy a new shirt ______ her.（）[单选题] *A. atB. for(正确答案)C. toD. with6、I think ______ time with my friends is fun for me.（）[单选题] *A. spendB. spendC. spending(正确答案)D. spent7、This species has nearly （）because its habitat is being destroyed. [单选题] *A. used upC. gone upD. got rid of8、The Spring Festival is on the way.Many shops have _______ huge posters with the word sales. [单选题] *A. put up(正确答案)B. put onC. put outD. put off9、( ) My mother told me _____ in bed. [单选题] *A. not readB. not readingC. don’t readD. not to read(正确答案)10、If you pass your exams, we’ll have a party to celebrate. [单选题] *A. 宣布B. 发表C. 解放11、Don’t read in bed. It’s _______ your eyes. [单选题] *A. good atB. good forC. bad atD. bad for(正确答案)12、Some people were born with a good sense of direction. [单选题] *A. 听觉B. 方向感(正确答案)C. 辨别力D. 抽象思维13、______ visitors came to take photos of Hongyandong during the holiday. [单选题] *A. ThousandB. Thousand ofC. ThousandsD. Thousands of(正确答案)14、Mary _______ a small gift yesterday, but she didn’t _______ it. [单选题] *A. accepted; receiveB. received; accept(正确答案)C. receives; acceptedD. accepts; received15、34．My mother usually_______ much time shopping in the supermarkets on weekends. [单选题] *A．spends (正确答案)B．costsC．takesD．pays16、The rain is very heavy _______ we have to stay at home. [单选题] *A. butB. becauseC. so(正确答案)D. and17、Tomorrow is Ann’s birthday. Her mother is going to make a _______ meal for her. [单选题] *A. commonB. quickC. special(正确答案)D. simple18、—What can I do for you? —I ______ a pair of new shoes.（）[单选题] *A. likeB. would lookC. would like(正确答案)D. take19、This message is _______. We are all _______ at it. [单选题] *A. surprising; surprisingB. surprised; surprisedC. surprising; surprised(正确答案)D. surprised; surprising20、More than one student_____absent from the class yesterday due to the flu. [单选题] *A.areB.hasC.isD.was(正确答案)21、Be careful with the knife. You may hurt _______. [单选题] *A. himselfB. ourselvesC. myselfD. yourself(正确答案)22、The manager was quite satisfied with his job. [单选题] *A. 担心的B. 满意的(正确答案)C. 高兴的D. 放心的23、______this story, and you will realize that not everything can be bought with money. [单选题] *A. ReadingB. ReadC. To readD.Being read(正确答案)24、Mom is making dinner. It _______ so nice! [单选题] *A. smells(正确答案)B. tastesC. feelsD. sounds25、83．The school is? ? ? ? ? ? ?the hospital. [单选题] *A．withB．intoC．ontoD．opposite(正确答案)26、54．—________?—Yes, please. I'd like some beef. [单选题] *A．What do you wantB．May I try it onC．Can I help you(正确答案)D．What else do you want27、—What were you doing when the rainstorm came?—I ______ in the library with Jane. （）[单选题] *A. readB. am readingC. will readD. was reading(正确答案)28、Jeanne's necklace was _____ 500 francs at most. [单选题] *A. worthyB. costC. worth(正确答案)D. valuable29、_____ rooms are both large and comfortable. [单选题] *A. Jack's and Jane's(正确答案)B. Jack and Jane'sC. Jack's and JaneD.Jack and Jane30、The yellow bag _______ me. [单选题] *A. belong toB. belongs to(正确答案)C. belongD. belongs。

工商管理英语考试题期末说课材料

Part II Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: Read the following passages carefully and do the multiple-choice questions.Text 1On a practical level, teachers need a wide variety of skills and abilities. They have to be ready to spend many hours at home planning their lessons and preparing homework. They have to be well organized in class, patient with students, able to appear bright and interested even if they are in fact tired or unhappy, and lively enough to control a group of young people for almost 200 days a year. Outside the classroom, they may have to prepare teaching materials, to choose books to use as texts, to help organize the work of other teachers, or to organize spare time activities for students.If you think that you have all the necessary qualities, you may feel that you would like to be a teacher. One way to decide, if you live in the United States, is by joining a club for future teachers, such as Student Action for Education. Clubs like this give advice about your field, and also allow you to watch teachers at work, attend meetings and experiment with teaching methods and equipment. You could also talk with the job advisor at your school or university. Finally, you could try teaching a younger student or becoming an advisor at a summer camp for children. Any activity in which you are dealing with children will help you decide whether you have a calling for teaching.1. The first paragraph is mainly about ________.A) how to plan lessons and prepare homeworkB) how to help organize the work of other teachersC) various skills and abilities teachers needD) how to prepare teaching materials2.The second paragraph is mainly concerned with ________.A) the ways of deciding one's future employmentB) the ways to decide whether teaching should be one's future employmentC) joining a club for future teachersD) talking to an advisor when choosing future employment3. According to the author, a teacher should show a firm mind ________.A) that suffers only from tirednessB) that suffers only from unhappinessC) that suffers only from unusual tiredness or unhappinessD) that is able to control tiredness and unhappiness4.Student Action for Education is ________.A) a summer camp for childrenB) an activity at a summer campC) a club for future teachersD) a club for job advisors5. Which of the following does the author suggest to a person who wants to be a teacher?A) Watching teachers at work, or organizing students' spare time activitiesB) Preparing and correcting homework, experimenting with teaching methods andequipmentC) Joining a future teachers' club, talking with job advisors, or working with childrenD) Planning lessons, or attending teachers' meetingsPassage 2There are different ideas about pets in different parts of the world. In most cultures, animals are in a worse position than human beings. In some cases, however, people treat their pets like members of their families, or perhaps better. In the United States and Europe, there are special shops that sell clothing and food for cats and dogs.In many countries of the world, there is special food for pets. It is common for big markets in many places to sell cat food and dog food. However, in a small town in France, there is a special restaurant for dogs. Dogs are the only customers. There is seating for twenty of them. The dogs choose from a variety of dishes on the menu.Of course, in most parts of the world, pets don't live in such wealth and comfort. People treat their pets in a more practical way. People own cats and dogs because they keep away mice and other unwanted animals. Owners have some loving feelings for their pets, but they do not see them as equal to family members. In most places in the world, there isn't any special clothing or fine food for animals. There aren't any special restaurants for dogs.Pets around the world live in a great variety of ways, just as people do.6. According to the passage, in most countries _________.A) people treat their pets like members of their familiesB) there are special shops that sell clothing for dogs and catsC) animals are in a worse position than human beingsD) pets such as dogs and cats are very popular7. According to the passage, there are ___________.A) restaurants for dogs in every city in FranceB) no dogs or cats that wear clothingC) some people who treat their pets far better than they treat their childrenD) many owners of dogs and cats in the United States and Europe8. For many people, pets may have a more practical function because _________.A) cats and dogs can be used to keep away miceB) pets are often useful companions for old peopleC) pets can sometimes be sold to make moneyD) some pets may show loving feelings for their owners.9. In your opinion, which of the following sentences is probably true?A) Dogs and cats like to wear expensive clothing.B) Many people visit the dog restaurant in France.C) People in every part of the world like to buy fine clothing for their pets.D) In some cases, animals have better food and clothing than people.10. The main idea of this reading passage is: _______.A) Dogs enjoy fine restaurantsB) A rich cat can afford to go to any restaurantC) People treat pets in very different ways in different parts of the worldD) It is stupid to have special food and clothing for animalsPassage 3What makes Americans spend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from home? The answers lie in the way Americans live today. During the first few decades of the twentieth century, canned and convenience foods freed the family cook from full-time duty at the kitchen range. Then, in the 1940s, work in the wartime plants took more women out of the home than ever before, setting the pattern of the working wife and mother.Today about half of the country’s married women are employed outside the home. But, unless family members pitch in with food preparation, women are not fully liberated from that chore. Instead many have become, in a sense, prisoners of the completely cooked convenience meal. It is easier to pick up a bucket of fried chicken on the way from work or t take family out for pizzas, or burgers than to start opening cans or heating up frozen dinners after a long, hard day.Also, the rising divorce rate means that there are more single working parents with children to feed. And many young adults and elderly people, as well as unmarried and divorced mature people, live alone rather than as part of a family unit and don’t want to bother cooking for one.Fast food is appealing because it is fast, it doesn’t require any dressing up, it offers a “fun”break.11. American women left home to work in large numbers because of_________.A) the improved living standardB) the increase in food priceC) the need of wartime industryD) the modernization of the kitchen12. The phrase “pitch in” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_________.A) “offer help and support”B) “eat with good appetite”C) “offer compliment”D) “disagree with”13. What is a working mother’s best choice if she does not have time to prepare dinner for thefamily according to the passage?A) Making a meal out of canned food.B) Buying some chicken on the way home and frying it.C) Taking the family to dinner at a pizza place.D) Heating up frozen dinners.14. Which of the following groups of Americans are most likely to cook their meal at home?A) Single working mothers.B) unmarried mature people.C) elderly people living alone.D) Unemployed women with family.15. What is this passage mainly about?A) Women’s liberation in America.B) Changes in the American family during Word War II.C) Reasons for the popularity of fast food in America.D) Rising divorce rate in America today.Passage 4There are different ideas about pets in different parts of the world. In most cultures, animals are in a worse position than human beings. In some cases, however, people treat their pets like members of their families, or perhaps better. In the United States and Europe, there are special shops that sell clothing and food for cats and dogs.In many countries of the world, there is special food for pets. It is common for big markets in many places to sell cat food and dog food. However, in a small town in France, there is a special restaurant for dogs. Dogs are the only customers. There is seating for twenty of them. The dogs choose from a variety of dishes on the menu.Of course, in most parts of the world, pets don't live in such wealth and comfort. People treat their pets in a more practical way. People own cats and dogs because they keep away mice and other unwanted animals. Owners have some loving feelings for their pets, but they do not see them as equal to family members. In most places in the world, there isn't any special clothing or fine food for animals. There aren't any special restaurants for dogs.Pets around the world live in a great variety of ways, just as people do.16. According to the passage, in most countries ______________________________.A. animals are in a worse position than human beingsB. people treat their pets like members of their familiesC. there are special shops that sell clothing for dogs and catsD. pets such as dogs and cats are very popular17. According to the passage, there are ______________________________.A. many owners of dogs and cats in the United States and EuropeB. restaurants for dogs in every city in FrancC. no dogs or cats that wear clothingD. some people who treat their pets far better than they treat their children18. For many people, pets may have a more practical function because ____________________.A. pets are often useful companions for old peopleB. cats and dogs can be used to keep away miceC. pets can sometimes be sold to make moneyD. some pets may show loving feelings for their owners19. In your opinion, which of the following sentences is probably true?A. Dogs and cats like to wear expensive clothing.B. Many people visit the dog restaurant in France.C. People in every part of the world like to buy fine clothing for their pets.D. In some cases, animals have better food and clothing than people.20. The main idea of this reading passage is ____________________________.A. Dogs enjoy fine restaurantsB. A rich cat can afford to go to any restaurantC. People treat pets in very different ways in different parts of the worldD. It is stupid to have special food and clothing for animals1-5 C B D C C6-10 C D A D C11-15 C A C D C16-20 A A B D CClozeChildren model themselves largely on their parents. They do so mainly through identification. Children identify 66 a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are 67 of that parent. The things parents do and say—and the 68 they do and say to them—therefore strongly influence a child’s 69 , However, parents must consistently behave like the type of 70 they want their child to become.A parent’s actions 71 affect the self mage that a child forms 72 identification.Children who see mainly positive qualities in their 73 will likely learn to see themselves in a positive way. Children who observe chiefly 74 qualities in their parents will have difficulty 75 positive qualities in themselves.Children may 76 their self image, however, as they become increasingly 77 .Isolated events, 78 dramatic ones, do not necessarily have a permanent 79 on a child’s behavior. Children interpret such events according to their established attitudes and previous training. Children who know they are loved can, 80 ,accept the divorce of their parent’s or a parent’s early 81 .But if children feel unloved, they may interpret such events 82 a sign of rejection or punishment. In the same way, all children are not influenced 83 by toys and games, reading matter, and television programs. 84 in the case of a dramatic change in family relations, the 85 of an activity or experience depends on how the child interprets it.66.A. to B. with C. around D. for67.A. informed B. characteristic C. conceived D. indicative68.A. gesture B. expression D. way D. extent69.A. behavior B. words C. mood D. reactions70.A. person B. humans C. creatures D. adult71.A. in turn B. nevertheless C. also D. as a result72.A. before B. besides C. with D. through73.A. eyes B. parents C. peers D. behaviors74.A. negative B. cheerful C. various D. complex75.A. see B. seeing C. to see D. to seeing76.A. modify B. copy C. Give up D. continue77.A. mature B. influenced C. unique D. independent78.A. particularly B. partially C. especially D. finally79.A. idea B. wonder C. stamp D. effect80.A. luckily B. for example C. at most D. theoretically81.A. death B. rewards C. advice D. teaching82.A. as B. being C. of D. for83.A. even B. at all C. alike D. as a whole84.A.Oh B. Alas C. Right D. As85.A. result B. effect C. scale D. causeKey: 66—70 BBCAA 71—75 CDBAB 76—80 ABCDB 81—85 AACDB1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the title: “My View on Job-hopping” Your composition should be in three paragraphs and based on the outline given below in Chinese.1．有些人喜欢始终从事一种工作，因为…2．有些人喜欢经常换工作，因为…3．我的看法。

广州工商学院英语期末试卷

广州工商学院英语期末试卷I. Listening (30%)I).Listen to the dialog between Gary and Paul and choose the best answer to each of the questions you hear on the recording. (2×5=10) (Unit 1 Part II Listening I)（）1.A.Eating and drinking. B. Dancing to the music.C. Standing around at the party.D. Talking with his girlfriend.（）2.A.Women who stay home doing housework. B. Women who stimulate his intellect.C. Women who pursue their own careers.D. Women who enjoy reading novels.（）3.A. Cleaning and cooking. B. Fixing things around the house.C. Washing the car and collecting the trash.D. Watching television and taking out the garbage.（）4.A.They are the same as his. B. They are quite progressive for the times.C. They reflect the views of earlier generations.D. They were shaped by their own family life.（）5.A. Visit his friend, Bob. B. Remain at the party to try to make new friends.C. Meet a woman who shares his interest in literature.D. Return home alone and spend the night with his dog.II).Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write "T" for True and "F" for False in the spaces provided. (2×5=10) (Unit 4 Part III Practice One)6.Women and men play different roles in society because their physical structures are very different.7.Girl babies were found to differ a lot from boy babies in birth length, weight and irritability.8.Our parents, school, television and the Internet show us how we should behave.9.Male cartoon characters are usually more prominent than female characters.10.Nowadays, women are no longer expected to play their traditional roles.III).Listen to the interview and complete the following sentences with the exact words you hear(1×10=10) (Unit 1 Part Four Section III)11. You throw a little boy a ball, and he will try to it12. A baby boy will pick up a stick and it a gun13. When boys play with Barbie dolls, they like to their hair14. Boys couldn't if their hair is untidy15. Boys grow their fingernails long because they're tooto them.16. At an early age, boys are attracted toII Words and Expressions (40%)1.assign2.culturally__3.genetic _4.sex-biased5.neatness _6.nursery7. carry over__ 8.fall behind9.put away __ 10.up to11.认可，赞许12.偏见，成见13.构成__ 14.间接地15.参与，参加_ 16.事实上，其实17.叫（学生）回答问题18.处于不利的19.短文，论说文20.给人以希望Ⅲ.Translation (20%)1. In the process of growing up , each child learns hundreds of culturally patterned details of behavior that become incorporated into its gender identity.2. According to the researchers, the bias is unintentional and unconscious, but it is there and it is influencing the lives of millions of schoolchildren every year.3. Their research showed that many teachers who thought they were nonsexist were amazed to see how biased they appeared on videotape.4. A similar subordination of female to male students has also been observed in law and medical school classrooms in recent years.5. But these are cultural, not genetic patterns.6. The classroom is a man’s world, where boys get two-thirds of the teachers’attention even when they are in a minority.7. The tapes proved otherwise.8. Neat and tidy work from girls was treated with some contempt.9. Are there essential differences between the male and female brain?10. A person (whether male or female) has a particular “brain type”.IV. Fill in the blanks:(10%)Of course, there are 1）to the culture of animals. As 2）as we know, no ape has formed social institutions such as religion, law, or economics. Also, some 3）may be able to learn signlanguage; but this form of language is limited in its 4) to communicate 5) ideas. Yet with a 6) language we can communicate 7) entire culture to anyone else who knows that language. Perhaps the most 8) thing we have learned from studies of other animals is that the 9) dividing us 10) them is not as clear as we used to think.Key Unit 1, 4, 5Sky：陈人智、吴斌、马琴、苏红光I. Listening (30%)1).CADCD 6).FFTTF 11catch 12 turn into 13 tear off 14 care less 15 lazy cut 16 dirtII Words and Expressions ((40%)1.分配，分派，指派2.文化上3.遗传的4.有性别偏见的5.整洁6.幼儿园，托儿所7.（在不同情况下）继续存在，保持下去8.落后9.放好，收好10.直到11.approve 12.bias13.constitute 14.indirectly15.participation 16.as a matter of fact17.call on 18.at a disadvantage19.essay 20.hopefullⅢ.Translation (20%)1. 在成长的过程中，每一个孩子学会了细微的行为举止，数量之多数以百计，这一切都带有温和的烙印，成了他们性别特征的一部分。

湖南工商大学英语期末考试

湖南工商大学英语期末考试Part IIReading Comprehension (30 %)Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheetwith a single line through the center.Passage OneScience is not a set of unquestionable results but a way of understanding the world around us. Its real work is slow. The scientific method , as many of us learned in school, is a gradual process that begins with a purpose or problem or question to be answered. It includes a list of materials, a procedure to follow, a set of observations to make and, finally, conclusions to reach. In medicine, when a new drug is proposed that might cure or control a disease, it is first tested on a large random group of people, and their reactions are then compared with those of another randomgroup not given the drug. All reactions in both groups are carefully recorded and compared, and the drug is evaluated. All of this takes time and patience.It’s the result of course, that makes the best news—not the years of quiet work that characterize the bulk of scientific inquiry. After an experiment is concluded or an observation is made, the result continues to be examined critically. When it is submitted for publication, it goes to a group of the scientist’s colleagues, who review the work. Einstein was right when he said: “No amount of experimentation can ever prove me right, a single experiment can at any time prove me wrong.”In August 1996, NASA announced the discovery in Antarctica of a meteorite(流星)from Mars that might contain evidence of ancient life on another world. As President Clinton said that day, the possibility that life existed on Mars billions of years ago was potentially one of the great discoveries of our time.After the excitement wore down and initial papers were published, other researchers began looking at samples from the same meteorite. Some concluded that the “evidence of life”wasmostly contamination from Antarctic ice or that there was nothing organic at all in the rock.Was this a failure of science, as some news reports trumpeted?No! It was a good example of the scientific method working the way it is supposed to. Scientists spend years on research, announce their findings, and these findings are examined by other scientists. That’s how we learn. Like climbing a mountain, we struggle up three feet and fall back two. It’s a process filled with disappointments and reverses, but somehow we keep moving ahead.21. The author’s main purpose in writing this passage is to state that ____________.A) most scientific discoveries are not reliableB) mass media is misleading because it looks at the research results onlyC) scientific research is a process filled with reverses and requires slow and patient workD) repeated experiments are necessary before medicine can be used in patients22. Publication of a scientific finding signifies __________.A) a challenge to fellow scientists to prove it wrongB) the end of a processC) the beginning of a new scientific inquiryD) the soundness of the result23. Einstein’s words are used to show that he thought___________.A) experiments have proved him rightB) scientists do not need so many experimentsC) one experiment is not enough to prove him wrong.D) scientific ideas are never free from challenge24. NASA’s announcement of the discovery of evidence of ancient life on Mars shows _________.A) the way human beings learn about natureB) the failure of the scientific methodC) the fruitlessness of human search for life on another worldD) the excitement brought by scientific findings25. It can be inferred from the passage that the media is interested in __________.A) the process of scientific researchB) the results of scientific researchC) the scientists who do the researchD) the effects of scientific research on human lifePassage TwoNormally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.。