上海市2015年春季高考英语试卷含答案
2015年 高考英语真题 上海卷及答案
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷和第II卷。
全卷共12页，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）的答题纸上，坐在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I 卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard.1. A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful2. A. at a bus stop B. at a laundry C. at the dentist‟s D. at the chemist‟s3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer4. A. He lost his classmate‟s homework.B. He can‟t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman‟s calculator.D. He doesn‟t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea where to find the man‟s exam result.B. She isn‟t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn‟t finish grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn‟t want to be contacted while he‟s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitoryB. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. B ob won‟t take her adviceB. Bob doesn‟t want to go abroadC. She doesn‟t think Bob should study overseasD. She hasn‟t talked to Bob since he went aboard9. A. The snack bar isn‟t usually so empty.B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren‟t allowed in the library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop.B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers‟ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn‟t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives.B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) ____________ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) ____________ (empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, 1 saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier. She was giving me (27) ____________ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I spotted the same lady (28) ____________ (look) in at me. "Hello," she said, hesitantly. "This (29) ____________ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins.” You are just so much (30) ____________ her.” You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) ____________ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) ____________ (nice) gift I'd ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask helpful HannahDear helpful Hannah,I‟ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smart phone a couple of months ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado, it was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) ____________ for next messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He‟s so addicted to it that he just can‟t stand the idea (34) ____________ there maybe an important text. He can‟t help checking eve n at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) ____________ any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he know he shouldn‟t. The temptation to see (36) ____________ is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to put down the phone and stop (37)____________ (ignore) me, he say, “In a minute.” but still checks to see if (38) has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) ____________ (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to have the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptom. May this dependency on his smart phone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) ____________ is a real illness people can‟t suffer from the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam maybe suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn‟t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired SadieSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Considering how much time people spend in offices, it is important that work be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a cooperation?s image. They motivate workersThey make businesses work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, officedesign industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategicorganizational performances.As employee hierarchies (等级制度) have flattened or decreased, office designers… response to this change has been to move open-plain areas to more desirable locations within the office, and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility hasdesigns allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workstation. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by lowering theCorporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number oftechnological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance,establish,or promote aoffice design are related. The most successful office designs are like a good marriage --the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people‟s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 in people‟s lives. The53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other‟s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgements often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. beneficial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. imposed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. imaginations C. ingredients D. instructions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D.mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. insulting Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history‟s cultural symbols, and there you‟ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity‟s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion‟s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people‟s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don‟t worry: I‟ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when__________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes __________.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer‟s opinion of actingC. The writer‟s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, “monster” (paragraph B) refers to __________.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It‟s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an honorable man,” he said. “He was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to endeavor,” the executives said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare‟s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeares”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar , sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆） of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry‟s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes amasterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn‟t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar‟s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus‟s mis takes in leading the after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honourable.D. Rude74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to __________.A. help executives to understand Shakespeare‟s plays betterB. give advice on leadership b y analyzing Shakespeare‟s playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeare‟s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare‟s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that __________.A. the Adelmans‟ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximi zed.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare‟s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is __________.A. Shakespeare‟s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare‟s plays: An essential key to busin ess successC. Shakespeare‟s plays: a lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare‟s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children‟s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth sport programs have long been considered important to youth‟s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté (2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone‟s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior. (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior. (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to ___________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at ___________________.第II 卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。
2015上海市高考英语试题与答案
2015年上海市高考英语试题与答案（本试题共16页满分150分时间120分钟）第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSectionADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard.1. A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful2. A. at a bus stop B. at a laundry C. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework.B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitoryB. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t ta ke her adviceB. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty.B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10.A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop.B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stopsD. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be askedthree questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs. B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there. B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe. B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives.B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.SRTService NotesAccount No.: 17Service Request: Check the 18Solutions: Send another 19 2 pm on 20Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.In what way are these climbers special? They are all 21 .Why did they choose to conquer MountTo prove 22 .Kilimanjaro?They turned 23 .What did they do in time ofdifficulty?How did they record their adventure? By keeping 24 .II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____(empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, 1 saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I spotted the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. "Hello," she said, hesitantly. "This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins.” You are just so much (30) _____ her.” You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _____ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____ (nice) gift I'd ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask helpful HannahDear Helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smart phone a couple of months ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado, it was a great trip except for one problem. He hasa constant urge (33) _____ (check) for next messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the ide a (34) _____ there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) _____ _____ any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36)_____is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to put down the phone and stop (37) _____ (ignore) me, he say, “In a minute.” but still checks to see if (38)_____ has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) _____(interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to have the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptom. Maybe this dependency on his smart phone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an ar ticle about “nomophobia,” (40)_____is a real illness people can’t suffer from the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam maybe suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short t ime.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired Sadie Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.access B. alternatives C. assigned D. confirmed E.conflicting F.elementsG.function H.innovative I.prospective J.separate K.supportingConsidering how much time people spend in offices, it is important that work be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a cooperation‘s image. They motivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential or, __41__, customer. They make businesses work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers have come up with__42__ to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These __43__ solutions are to meant to support better organizational performances.As employee hierarchies (等级制度) have flattened or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plain areas to more desirable locations within the office, and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been __44__ by changes inwork station design. Offices and work spaces often are not __45__ to a given person on a permanent basis because of changes to method of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workstation. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by lowering the walls that __46__ workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places,and upgraded employees’ __47__ to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms. Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often __48__ demands,including budgetary limits, employee hierarchies, and technological innovation(especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors(内饰) that in some way enhance,establish,or promote a company’s image and will enable employees to __49__ at their best.All these __50__ of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like a good marriage --the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. __51__, you would see plenty of animals with people running afte r them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more __52__ in people’s lives. The __53__ is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be __54__. They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that __55__ attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yetset in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the __56__ of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then studen ts were asked to __57__ what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their __58__ judgments often held true. Students seemed to __59__ at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The __60__ KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling __61__ to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as __62__ as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for __63__ . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we __64__ attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to __65__ words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. seated B. impressed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarity D. passions56. A. illustrations B. imaginations C. ingredients D. instructions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. transfer59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritatingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s.I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in h is mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, critic izing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom. At least untilspring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fea r the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.(392)66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when______.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes_______.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)Scary BunnyThe Curse of the Were-Rabbit(2005) is the first full length feature filmmade by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazing plasticine(粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in 2006, and if youwatch it, you’ll understand why. It’s an absolutely brilliant cartooncomedy.Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have started acompany to protect the town’s vegetables from hungry rabbits. However,just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition, an enormous rabbitbegins terrorizing the town. It is attacking all the vegetables anddestroying everything in its path. The competition organizer, LadyTottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch the monster alive. But theywill have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter VictorQuartermaine who is desperate to kill it.The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual, thevoice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, andGromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a huge range ofemotions without saying a word. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, who playsthe part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are really funny.To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film which is suitablef or both children and adults. If you liked Wallace and Gromit’s previousadventures and you appreciate the British sense of humour, you’ll lovethis film. Don’t miss it!71. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer’s opinion of actingC. The writer’s co mments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, “monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an honorable man,” he said. “He was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his s uperior. “You have to endeavor,” the executives said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wis dom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeares”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar , sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆） of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, theyemphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Bade74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to ________.A. help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studie s of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the Adelmans’ programme prov es biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Shakespeare’s plays: a lesson for busin ess motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accom plish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psycho-social development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté (2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior. (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior. (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creatingfun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance. (439)(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likelyto________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at____________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。
2015年上海卷英语高考试卷(原卷 答案)
绝密★启用前2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(上海卷)语文本试卷共7题，共150分。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2．答题时请按要求用笔。
3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
一、阅读80分1．（17分）阅读下文，完成题。
地图与理论模型①工程师在设计汽车时会按比例制作汽车模型，这种实物模型可以直观地呈现出汽车的构造，而且可以让一些实验更加便捷。
举办一场宴会前，我们会思考应该邀请谁参加、需要准备哪些食物等，这是我们其实也构建了一个模型。
这种模型与汽车模型不同，它不是一种实物，而是一种“理论”。
科学家的工作与此相似，也是构建某种理论模型，只是这类模型的特点理解起来比较困难。
②地图也是一种模型，地图与理论模型的类比有助于我们了解理论模型的特点。
我们先来做一个练习。
请看一张某大学校园的局部地图：③这张地图的右边画有一个箭头。
请问：箭头指示的东西是什么？④人们通常会回答：箭头指示的是一幢建筑。
如果我说这答案不仅是错的，而且根本不着边，你会怎样想？你肯定会怀疑这是个把戏。
没错，你的怀疑是正确的，但这个把戏的背后却是最为核心的问题。
⑤正确的答案是，箭头指示的是一个矩形图框。
这就是真正为箭头所指的东西。
人们会回答箭头指向了一幢建筑物，是因为根据地图和与之对应的实际环境，矩形图框显然表示一幢建筑物，但建筑物只是矩形图框所表示的物体，而不是矩形图框本身。
⑥这个练习的目的是指出地图与其所表示的对象不是一码事。
当然，这只是一个把戏，生活中没有人会混淆地图上的一个矩形框和现实中的一幢建筑。
毕竟，你可以将一张街道地图折起来放进你的口袋，却不可能把一个街道折起来放进口袋。
2015年高考真题——英语(上海卷)_Word版含答案
(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I’d noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _________ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I’d made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26)________ (empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, I saw the woman I’d let have my car spot earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I saw the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. “Hello,” she said, hesitantly. “This (29) ______ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother’s things off at the charity bins. You are just so much (30) ____________ her. You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _________ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) __________ (nice) gift I’d ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask Helpful HannahDear Helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smartphone a couple of months ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) _______ (check) for text messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) ________ there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) ________ ________ any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36) ___________ is contacting him is just too great. When I ask him to please put down the phone and stop (37)___________ (ignore) me, he says, “In a minute,” but still checks to see if (38) _________ has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) ____________ (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to leave the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Maybe this dependency on his smartphone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) __________ is a real illness people can suffer from: the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam may be suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired SadieSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. accessB. alternativesC. assignedD. confirmedE. conflictingF. elementsG. function H. innovative I. prospective J. separate K. supportingConsidering how much time people spend in offices, it is important that work spaces be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a cooperation’s image. They motivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or __41__, customers. They make businesses work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture welive in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers have come up with __42__ to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.”These __43__ solutions are meant to support better organizational performances.As employee hierarchies (等级制度) have flattened, or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plain areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been __44__ by changes in workstation design. Offices and work spaces often are not __45__ to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workstation. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by lowering the walls that __46__ workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places, and upgraded employees’ __47__ to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often __48__ demands, including budgetary limits, employee hierarchies, and technological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish, or promote a company’s image and will enable employees to __49__ at their best.All these __50__ of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like a good marriage—the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect a deep interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to peo ple’s lives. The53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones—natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of informationthrough smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seems to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. beneficial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. imposed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotions B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. asses65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. insultingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of folk art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing weeks called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of artistic freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechseläuten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Böögg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The paradeends with the Böögg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “The heyday of the snowman” (Paragraph 4) means the time when _____.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Böögg symbolizes _____.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in history.B. They have lost their value.C. They were related to movies.D. They vary in shape and size.(B)70. In the film review, what is Paragraph A mainly about?The Curse of the Were-Rabbit (2005) is the first full-length feature film made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with theiramazing plasticine (粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in 2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understand why. It’s an absolutely brilliant cartoon comedy. A Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have started a company to protectthe town’s vegetables from hungry rabbits. However, just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition, an enormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It is eating all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path. The competition organizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who is desperateto kill BThe screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual, the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life he can express a huge range of emotions without saying a word. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, who plays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are really funny. C To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film which is suitable for both children and adults. If you liked Wallace and Gromit’s previ ous adventures and you appreciate the British sense of humour, you’ll love this film. Don’t miss it!DA. The introduction to the leading roles.B. The writer’s opinion of acting.C. The writer’s comments on the story.D. The background information.71. According to the film revi ew, “the monster” (Paragraph B) refers to _____.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an honorable man,” he said. “He was a traitor (叛徒). And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other opt ions were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar wa s nevertheless his superior. “You have to understand,” the executives said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeare s”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar , for example, Caesar’s sly provocation (狡诈的挑唆) of Brutus to take up arms against Caesar was the basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organising.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimises his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelman had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt to be related. Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the traitors after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving in a business: when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to Paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Rude.74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeare s” to _____.A. help executi ves to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.A. the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Shakespeare’s plays: A lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth-sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth-sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills(运动技能); these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult-sport participants. When coaches develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implications of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté (2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street, on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with t he outcome of their outcome of their behavior (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although the drills used in deliberate practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to ________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at ________.第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。
2015高考英语上海市含答案,答案部分缺作文
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（上海卷）考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第Ⅰ卷（共103分）Ⅰ．Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on you paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．A．Impatient B．Confused C．Pleased D．Regretful 2．A．At a bus stop B．At a laundryC．At the dentist’s D．At the chemist’s3．A．An actor B．A salesman C．A translator D．A writer 4．A．He lost his classmate’s homework.B．He can’t help the woman with her math.C．He broke the woman’s calculator.D．He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5．A．The woman should go to another counter.B．The woman gives the man so many choices.C．The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D．The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6．A．She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B．She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C．Dr. White hasn’t finished grading the papers.D．Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7．A．Move to a next dormitoryB．Find a person to share their apartment.C．Clean the room with roommateD．Write an article about their roommate.8．A．Bob won’t take her advice.B．Bob doesn’t want to go abroad.C．She doesn’t think Bob should study overseas.D．She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went abroad.9．A．The snack bar isn’t usually so empty.B．Dessert is served in the snack bar.C．The snack bar is near the library.D．Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10．A．Take her bicycle to the repair’s shop.B．Leave her bicycle outside.C．Clean the garage after the rain stops.D．Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11．A．It helps care for customer’s dogs.B．You have to buy food for dogs.C．None of the dogs are cagedD．There is a dog named Princess12．A．She likes the food there.B．She enjoys the fun with a pet.C．She can have free coffee.D．She doesn’t like to be alone.13．A．A new kind of cafe.B．A new brand of coffee.C．A new home for pets.D．A new way to raise pets.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14．A．A trend that high achiever are given a lower salary.B．A view that life quality is more important than pay.C．A dream of the young for fast-paced jobsD．A new term created by high achievers15．A．10% B．12% C．6% D．7% 16．A．People are less satisfied with their lives.B．The financial investment may increase.C．Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D．Unexpected problem may arise.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear tow longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answersBlanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.SRTService NotesAccount NO.: 17Service Requests Check the 18Solution: send another 19 (2 pm. on 20 )Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ON MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.In what way are these climbers special? They are all 21Why did they choose to conquer Mount Kilimanjaro? To prove 22What did they do in time of difficulty? They persevered, 23 each other. How did the record their adventure? By keeping 24Ⅱ．Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word thatbest fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I’d noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a white (25) Iwas in a good mood, I left her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into thenext available spot-it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I’d made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) (empty) my purse change into the heads of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, I saw the woman I’d let have my car spot earlier. She was giving me (27) odd look—half puzzled, half intent(热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I back into my car, I saw the same lady (28) (look) in at me. “Hello,” she said, hesitantly “This (29) sound crazy, but I was on my way to drop some of my mother’s thing off at the charity bins. You are just so much (30) her. You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.”She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.”(31) (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) （nice）gift I’d ever received, and I was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask Helpful HannahDear Helpful hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smartphone a couple of months ago, and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) (check) for text messages, he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) there may be an important text . He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36) is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to please put down the phone and stop (37) (ignore) me, he says, “In a minute,”but still checks to see if (38) has posted something new on the internet. Our life (39) (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to leave the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Maybe this dependency on his smartphone has become more than aneveryday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia” (40) is real illness people can suffer from the feat of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam may be suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired Sadie Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．access B．alternatives C．assigned D．confirmed E．conflicting F．elements G．function H．innovative I．prospective J．separate K．supportingConsidering how much time people spend in offices, it is important that work spaces be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers, and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or41 , customers. They make businesses work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers have come up with42 to the traditional work environments of the past, The design industry has moved away from a fixed offices setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments”. These43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies（等级制度）have flattened, or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and crate fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been44 by changes in workstation design. Offices and work spaces often are not45 to a given person on a permanent basis.Because of changes to methods of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workstation. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by lowering the walls that46 workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places, and upgraded employees'47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often48 demands, including budgetary limits, employee hierarchies, and technological innovation（especially in relation to computerization）.These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors（内饰）that in some way enhance, establish, or promote a company's image and will enable employees to49 at their best.All these50 of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like a good marriage-the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists.51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 53 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to non-humans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones—natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations,people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51．A．Instead B．Therefore C．Moreover D．Otherwise 52．A．romantic B．stressful C．central D．artificial 53．A．priority B．Proof C．possibility D．principle 54．A．seated B．impressed C．changed D．erased 55．A．appearances B．virtues C．similarities D．position 56．A．illustrations B．imaginations C．Ingredients D．instructors 57．A．predict B．investigate C．diagnose D．recall 58．A．critical B．Initial C．Random D．mature 59．A．memorize B．distinguish C．negotiate D．question 60．A．Nose B．Eye C．Heart D．Hand 61．A．Open B．alert C．resistant D．superior 62．A．disappointed B．amazed C．confused D．gifted 63．A．emotion B．attractiveness C．individuality D．signals 64．A．enhance B．Possess C．maintain D．asses 65．A．familiar B．plain C．positive D．Irritating Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyar d.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66．According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A．People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B．People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C．Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D．Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought. 67．“The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) mean s the time when.A．snowmen were made mainly by artistsB．snowmen enjoyed great popularityC．snowmen were politically criticizedD．snowmen caused damaging floods68．In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes.A．the start of the paradeB．the coming of a longer summerC．the passing of the winterD．the success of tradesmen69．What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A．They were appreciated in historyB．They have lost their valueC．They were related to moviesD．They vary in shape and size(B)Scary BunnyThe Curse of the Were-Rabbit(2005) is the first full-lengthfeature film made by directors Nick Park and Steve Boxwith their amazing plasticine(粘土) characters Wallace andGromit. It won an Os car in 2006, and if you watch it, you’llunderstand why. It’s an absolutely brilliant cartoon comedy.Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromithave started a company to protect the town’s vegetablesfrom hungry rabbits. However, just before the annual GiantVegetable Competition, an enormous rabbit beginsterrorising the town. It is attacking all the vegetables anddestroying everything in its path. The competition organizer,Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch themonster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbitbefore gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who isdesperate to kill it.The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. Asusual, the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for therole of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life,he can express a huge range of emotions without saying aword. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, who plays the partof Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are reallyfunny.To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazingfilm which is suitable for both children and adults. If youliked Wallace and Gromit’s previous adventures and youappreciate the British sense of humour, you’ll love this film.Don’t miss it!70．In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A．The introduction to the leading rolesB．The writer’s opinion of actingC．The writer’s comments on the storyD．The background information71．According to the film review, “monster” (p aragraph B) refers to.A．a gun-crazy hunterB．a brainy dogC．a scary rabbitD．a giant vegetable72．Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A．It’s full of wit and humour.B．Its characters show feelings without words.C．It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D．It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an honorable man,” he sai d. “He was a traitor （叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agree ment was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to endeavor,” the executives said, “our poli cy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeare’s”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar , sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a fewbiases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss?73．According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A．Cruel. B．Superior. C．Honorable. D．Bade 74．According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to.A．help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB．give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare’s playsC．provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD．guide govern ment agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays. 75．Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A．To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B．To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C．To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D．To warn executives against power misuse.76．It can be inferred from the passage that.A．the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B．executives feel bored wit h too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C．the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D．Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field. 77．The best title for the passage is.A．Shakespear e’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB．Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC．Shakespeare’s plays: a lesson for business motivationD．Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provid e youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coaches develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté (2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in d eliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior. (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78．Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79．If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to_____.80．In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment? 81．In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at_____.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1．美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。
2015上海市高考英语试卷(精校word版有答案)
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第Ⅰ卷（共103分）Ⅰ.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between tow speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on you paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Impatient B.Confused C.Pleased D.Regretful2.At a bus stop B.At a laundry C.At the dentist’s D.At the chemist’s3.An actor B.A salesman C.A translator D.A writer4.A .He lost his classmate’s homework. B.He can’t help the woman with her math.C.He broke the woman’s calculator.D.He doesn’t know where the ―on‖ button is.5.A.The woman should go to another couner.B.The woman gives the man so many choices.C.The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D.The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6.A.She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B.She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C.Dr.White hasn’t finished grading the papers.D.Dr.White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7.A .Move to a next dormitory B.Find a person to share their apartment.C.Clean the room with roommateD.Write an article about their roommate.8.A.Bob won’t take her advice.B.Bob doesn’t want to go abroad.C.She doesn’t think Bob should study overseas.D.She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went abroad.9.A.The snack bar isn’t usually so empty.B.Dessert is served in the snack bar.C.The snack bar is near the library.D.Snacks aren’t sllowed in th library.10.A.Take her bicycle to the repair shop.B.Leave her bicycle outside.C.Clean the garage after the rain stops.D.Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B,you will hear two short passages,and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A.It helps care for custermer’s dogs. B.You have to buy food for dogs.C.None of the dogs are cagedD.There is a dog named Princess12.A.She likes the food there. B.She enjoys the fun with a pet.C.She can have free coffee.D.She doesn’t like to be alone.13.A.A new kind of care. B.A new brand of coffee.C.A new home for pets.D.A new way to raise pets.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A.A trend that high achiever are given a lower salary.B.A view that life quallity is more important than pay.C.A dream of the young for fast-paced jobsD. A new term created by high achivers15.A.10% B.12% C.6% D.7%16.A.People are less satisfied with their lives. B.The financial investment may increase.C.Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D.Unexpected problem may arise.Section CDirections: In Section C,you will hear tow longer conversations.The conversations will be read twice.After you hear each conversation,you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answersBlanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Ⅱ.Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: Af ter reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is aways busy. The first parking space I found was convenient,but I’d noticed a woman in a blue car cireling for a white (25) I was in a good mood, I left her have it .On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot-it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I’d made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) (empty) my purse change into the heads of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, I saw the woman I’d let have my car spot carlier.She was fiving me(27) .odd-look half puzzled,half intent(热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I back into my car, I saw the same lady(28) (look) in at me. ―Hello,‖ she said ,hesitantly ―This (29) sould crazy, but I was on my way to drop some of my mother’s thing off at the charity bins. You are just so much (30) her. You helped those people , I noticed, and you seemed so happy.‖ She looked at me meaningfully and paused a box in through the window. ―I think she would like you to have it.‖(31) (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause. I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) （nice）gift I’d ever receibed, and I was from a complete stanger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask Helpful HannahDear Helpfu hannah,I’d got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smartphone a couple of months ago, and be took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant arge (33) (check) for text messages, he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea(34) there may be an important text . He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him ! He behaves (35) any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. The temptation to see（36）is connecting him is just too great.When I ask him to please put down the phone and stop (37) (igoore) me, he says, ― In a minute,‖ but still checks to see if (38) has posted something new on the internet. Our life (39) (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to leave the phone at home ,he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Mybe this dependency on his smartphone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about ―nomophobia‖ (40) is real illness people can suffer from the feat of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam may be suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired Sadie Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Considering how much time people spend in offices,it is important that work spaces be welll designed.Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers, and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 41 ,customers,They make businesses work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one,office designers have come up with 42 to the traditional work envionments of the past, The design industry has moved away from a fixed offices setup and created more flexible ―strategic management environments‖. These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierachies（等级制度）have flattened,or decreased,office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and crate fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Offices and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage,and equipment within the workstation.Another important design goal is communication,which designers have improved by lowering the walls that 46 workstations.Designers have also created informal gathering places,and upgraded employees' 47 to heavily traficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands,including budgetary limits, employee hierarchies,and techological innovation（especially in relation to computerization）.These demands must also be balanced with the need to careate interiors（内饰）that in some way enchance,establish,or promote a company's inmage and will enable employees to 49 at their best. All these 50 of office design are related.The most successful office designs are like a goodmarriage-thewell-designed office and the employess that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting a nd gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgements often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. seated B. impressed C. changed D. erased55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D.positon56. A. illustrations B. imaginations C. ingredients D. instructors57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D.mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B . Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. asses65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. IrritatingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. ―The heyday of the snowman‖ (paragrap h 4) means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer’s opinion of actingC. The writer’s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, ―monster‖ (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. ―Brutus was not an honorable man,‖ he said. ―He was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.‖ The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. ―You have to endeavor,‖ the executives said, ―our policy is to obey the chain of command.‖During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called ―Movers and Shakespeares‖. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar , sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying ―the noblest Roman of them all‖ couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Bade74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up ―Movers and Shakespeares‖ to ________.A. help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide cas e studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the Adelmans’ programme pr oves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Shakespeare’s plays: a lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accompl ish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth sport programs have long been considered important to yo uth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté (2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior. (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior. (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvementin highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likelyto________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at____________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。
2015年上海高考英语试卷及答案(word-完整精校版)
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷(已反复核对，希望最大限度保证准确）考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2。
本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1—12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写(非选择题）在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分.3. 答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名.第I卷(共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said。
The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1。
A。
Impatient. B. Confused。
C。
Pleased. D. Regretful。
2。
A。
At a bus stop. B. At a laundry. C. At the dentist's。
D. At the chemist’s. 3。
A. An actor. B。
A salesman. C. A translator。
2015年上海高考英语试题及详解
2015年上海高考英语试题及详解第Ⅰ卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful【答案】 A【解析】原文：2. A. at a bus stopB. at a laundryC. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s【答案】 C【解析】原文：3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer【答案】 D【解析】原文：4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework.B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.【答案】 C【解析】原文：【考点定位】学习类5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.【答案】 D【解析】原文：6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.【答案】 B【解析】M: Ms. Chen, I was wondering if you could find out how I did on the mid-term exam.W: Sorry, Doctor White is out of town and I’m not in a position to give out that kind of information.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory B. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her adviceB. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard【答案】 C【解析】 M: I heard that Bob is planning to study abroadW: Not if I can talk him out of it, believe me, I'm tryingQ: what does the woman imply?9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.【答案】 A【解析】原文：10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.【答案】 BSection BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.【答案】11. C12. B13. A【解析】The dogs there are in cages around the room. First, you choose a dog. Then it comes out of the cage. You can buy food for it. The Bau House is different from the Snoopy Café. You don’t have to choose a dog at the Bau House. All the dogs sit, play or run around while people drink coffee and eat sandwiches. You can play with all the dogs at the Bau House. LaureyChuong goes to the Snoopy Café about once a week. She likes to play with Princess, her favorite dog. She often buys food for Princess, too. Lori likes to go to the Snoopy Café for many reasons. “I love dogs,” she says, “but my apartment is too small for a dog. Also, dogs don’t like to be alone and I work all day.” So when Laurey needs to have some fun with a pet, she goes to the dog café to see princess. Dog cafés are very popular in Korea. But they are not cheap. A cup of coffee costs about 3 dollars and 50 cents, but the fun is free.11. C 录音内容为“The Bau House is different from the Snoopy Café. You don’t have to choose a dog at the Bau House. All the dogs sit, play or run around while people drink coffee and eat sandwiches.”第一句明确交代了the Bau House与the Snoopy Café的不同，考生需要听到这里时注意听该句后面的内容，就能选出答案。
2015年高考真题——英语(上海卷) Word版含解析
考生注意：考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第Ⅰ卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful【答案】 A【解析】原文：2. A. at a bus stopB. at a laundryC. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s【答案】 C【解析】原文：3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer 【答案】 D【解析】原文：4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework.B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” bu tton is.【答案】 C【解析】原文：【考点定位】学习类5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.【答案】 D【解析】原文：6. A. S he has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.【答案】 B【解析】M: Ms. Chen, I was wondering if you could find out how I did on the mid-term exam.W: Sorry, Doctor White is out of town and I’m not in a position to give out that kind of information.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory B. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her adviceB. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard【答案】 C【解析】M: I heard that Bob is planning to study abroadW: Not if I can talk him out of it, believe me, I'm tryingQ: what does the woman imply?9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snac ks aren’t allowed in the library.【答案】 A【解析】原文：10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.【答案】 BSection BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.【答案】11. C12. B13. A【解析】The dogs there are in cages around the room. First, you choose a dog. Then it comes out of the cage. You can buy food for it. The Bau House is different from the Snoopy Café. You don’t have to choose a dog at the Bau House. All the dogs sit, play or run around while people drink coffee and eat sandwiches. You can play with all the dogs at the Bau House. LaureyChuong goes to the Snoopy Café about once a week. She likes to play with Princess, her favorite dog. She often buys food for Princess, too. Lori likes to go to the Snoopy Café for many reasons. “I love dogs,” she says, “but my apartment is too small for a dog. Also, dogs don’t like to be alone and I work all day.” So when Laurey needs to have some fun with a pet, she goes to the dog café to see princess. Dog cafés are very popular in Korea. But they are not cheap. A cup of coffee costs about 3 dollars and 50 cents, but the fun is free.11. C 录音内容为“The Bau House is different from the Snoopy Café. You don’t have to choose a dog at the Bau House. All the dogs sit, play or run around while people drink coffee and eat sandwiches.”第一句明确交代了the Bau House与the Snoopy Café的不同，考生需要听到这里时注意听该句后面的内容，就能选出答案。
2015年上海高考英语试卷及答案(word-完整精校版)
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷（已反复核对，希望最大限度保证准确）考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Impatient. B. Confused. C. Pleased. D. Regretful.2. A. At a bus stop. B. At a laundry. C. At the dentist’s. D. At the Chemist’s.3. A. An actor. B. A salesman. C. A translator. D. A writer.4. A. he lost his ClAssmAte’s homework. B. he CAn’t help the woman with her math.C. he Broke the womAn’s CAlCulAtor.D. he doesn’t know where the “on” Button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislikes the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea w here to find the mAn’s exAm result.B. she isn’t Allowed to tell students their grAdes.C. dr. white hAsn’t finished grAding the pApers.d. dr. white doesn’t wAnt to Be ContACted while he’s AwAy.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory. B. Find a person to share their apartment.C. Clean the room with the roommate.D. Write an article about their roommate.8. A. BoB won’t tAke her AdviCe.B. BoB doesn’t wAnt to go ABroAd.C. she doesn’t think BoB should study overseAs.d. she hAsn’t tAlked to BoB sinCe he went abroad.9. A. the snACk BAr isn’t usuAlly so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library. d. snACks Aren’t Allowed inthe library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It help s CAre for Customers’ dogs. B. you hAve to Buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there. B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She d oesn’t like to Be Alone.13. A. A new kind of café. B. A new brand of coffee.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives. B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A）Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found wAs Convenient, But i’d notiCed A womAn in A Blue CAr CirCling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.pretty soon i’d mAde my wAy through the supermArket And wAs BACk in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____ (empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just As i ApproAChed my CAr, i sAw the womAn i’d let hAve my CAr spot earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I saw the s Ame lAdy (28) _____ (look) in At me. “hello,” she sAid, hesitAntly. “this (29) _____ sound CrAzy But i wAs on my wAy to drop some of my mother’s things off At the ChArity Bins. you Are Just so muCh (30) _____ her. You helped those people, I noticed, and yo u seemed so hAppy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window.“i think she would like you to hAve it.” (31) _____ (shoCk), i took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with A lArge grey peArl. it wAs (32) _____ (niCe) gift i’d ever reCeived, And it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask Helpful HannahDear Helpful Hannah,i’ve g ot a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smartphone a couple of months ago, and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) _____ (check) for text messages; he checks his phone every five minutes! he’s so AddiCted to it thAt he Just CAn’t stAnd the ideA (34) _____ there mAy Be An importAnt text. he CAn’t help CheCking even At inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) _____ _____ any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. the temptAtion to see (36) _____ is ContACting him is Just too great. When I ask him to please put down the phone and stop (37) _____ (ignore) me, he sAys, “in A minute,” But still CheCks to see if (38) _____ hAs posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) _____ (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to leave the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Maybe this dependency on his smartphone has become more than an everyday problem.i reCently reAd An ArtiCle ABout “nomophoBiA,” (40) _____ is A reAl illness people can suffer from: the fear of being without your phone! Iam worried that Sam may be suffering from this illness because he feels Anxious if he doesn’t hAve his phone with him, even for A short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired SadieSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Considering how much time people spend in offices, it is important that work spaces be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help CreAte A CorporAtion’s imAge. they motivAte workers, And they mAke An impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 41 , customers. They make businesses work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers have come up with 42 to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strAtegiC mAnAgement environment.” these 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies（等级制度）have flattened, or decreased,offiCe designers’ response to this ChAnge hA s been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Offices and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workstation. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by lowering the walls that 46 workstations. Designers hAve Also CreAted informAl gAthering plACes, And upgrAded employees’47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands, including budgetary limits, employee hierarchies, and technological innovation （especially in relation to computerization）. These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors（内饰）that in some way enhAnCe, estABlish, or promote A CompAny’s imAge And will enABle employees to 49 at their best.All these 50 of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like a good marriage --- the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect a deep interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to people’s lives. the53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they Could get A sense of eACh other’s individuAlity. then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understandingof attraction. Many animals give off pheromones —natural chemicalsthat can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal iseither ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously,we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, includingseeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judgefaces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face,yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as peoplewho had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seems to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. beneficial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. imposed C. changed D. created55. A.B. virtuesC. similaritiesD. passions appearances56. A.B. implicationsC. ingredientsD. intentions illustrations57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. questionB. EyeC. HeartD. Hand60. A.NoseB. alertC. resistantD. superior61. A.open62. A.B. amazedC. confusedD. gifted disappointedC. individualityD. signals63. A. emotions B.attractiveness64. A.B. possessC. maintainD. asses enhanceB. plainC. positiveD. irritating65. A.familiarSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each ofthem there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one thatfits best according to the information given in the passage you havejust read.(A)l ook to mAny of history’s CulturAl symBols, And there you’ll find An ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared onsome of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humAnity’s eArliest forms of folk art during several years of research around the world.F or example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of florenCe, itAly, to Build A snowmAn in his mAnsion’s CourtyArd.T he Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing weeks called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a refleCtion of people’s imAginAtion. for the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of artistic freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.I f you fear the heyday of the snowman hAs pAssed, don’t worry: i’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechseläuten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Böögg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Böögg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood.After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “the heydAy of the snowmAn” (pArAgrA ph 4) means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)Scary BunnyT he Curse of the Were-Rabbit (2005) is the first full-length feature film made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazing plasticine (粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in 2006, And if you wAtCh it, you’ll understAnd why. it’s An ABsolutely BrilliAnt cartoon comedy.C heese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have stArted A CompAny to proteCt the town’s vegetA bles from hungry rabbits. However, just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition,an enormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It is attacking all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path. The competition organizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who is desperate to kill it.T he screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual, the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a huge range of emotions without saying a word. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, who plays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are really funny.T o sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film which is suitABle for Both Children And Adults. if you liked wAllACe And gromit’s previous adventures and you appreciate the British sense of humour, you’ll love this film. don’t miss it!70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. the writer’s opinion of actingC. the writer’s Comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, “the monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. it’s full of wit And humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)O ne of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the deAth of Julius CAesAr. “Brutus wAs not An honorABle mAn,” he sAid. “he wAs A traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in Cold Blood.” the Agreement wAs thAt Brutus hAd ACted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar wAs nevertheless his superior. “you hAve to understAnd,” the exeCutives sAid, “our poliCy is to oBey the ChAin of CommAnd.”D uring the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting shAkespeAre’s wisdom for profitABle ends. none more so thAn husBAnd and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White Hous e, who stArted up A trAining CompAny CAlled “movers And shAkespeAres”. they Are AmAteur shAkespeAre sCholArs And Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.T he workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as akind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar, for exAmple, CAssius’s sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against Caesar was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organising.A lthough neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explAnAtion of henry’s winning strAtegy At the BAttle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, sAying “the noBlest romAn of them All” Couldn’t mAke his mind up ABout things.M any of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the plAy thAt they felt to Be relAted. CAesAr’s pride, whiCh led to his murder, And Brutus’s mistAkes in leAding the traitors after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving in a business: when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Rude74. ACCording to the pAssAge, the AdelmAns set up “movers And shAkespeAres” to ________.A. help exeCutives to understAnd shAkespeAre’s plAys BetterB. give AdviCe on leAdership By AnAlyzing shAkespeAre’s plAysC. provide CAse studies of shAkespeAre’s plAys in literAture workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in shAkespeAre’s plAys.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the AdelmAns’ progrAmm e proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of shAkespeAre’s plAys.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. shAkespeAre’s plAys: exeCutives reConsider CorporAte CultureB. shAkespeAre’s plAys: An essentiAl key to Business suCCessC. shAkespeAre’s plAys: A lesson for Business motivAt iond. shAkespeAre’s plAys: drAmAtiC trAining Brings drAmAtiC resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Y outh sport has the potential to accomplish three important oBJeCtives in Children’s development. first, sport progrAms provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth-sport programs have long been Considered importAnt to youth’s psyChoso cial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills（运动技能）; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.R esearch from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté(2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g., in the street, on A plAying field or in someone’s BACkyArd). when involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their behavior (whether they win or lose) than with thebehavior (having fun).O n the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with new or different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although the drills used in deliberate practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimedat____________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。
2015年上海高考英语真题试卷(含答案)
2015年上海高考英语真题试卷(含答案)Gift from a StrangerMy local supermarket is always busy。
When I arrived。
I found a convenient parking space。
However。
I noticed a woman in a blue car circling the lot for a while。
Since I was in a good mood。
I decided to let her have the space。
I then backed into the next available spot。
which was a tight fit.After making my way through the supermarket。
I was back in the fresh air。
Feeling good。
I emptied my purse of change into the hands of a homeless man。
I also helped a struggling woman with her reverse parking.As I approached my car。
I noticed the woman I had given my parking spot to earlier。
She was giving me an unusual look。
appearing both puzzled and intent。
I smiled and wished her a pleasant day as I squeezed back into my car。
As I settled in。
I saw the same woman looking at me through my window。
2015年上海高考英语试卷及答案(word_完整精校版)
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one isthe best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Impatient. B. Confused. C. Pleased.D. Regretful.2. A. At a bus stop. B. At a laundry. C. At the dentist’s.D. At the chemist’s.3. A. An actor. B. A salesman. C. A translator.D. A writer.4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework. B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislikes the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea w here to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finished grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory. B. Find a person to share their apartment.C. Clean the room with the roommate.D. Write an articleabout their roommate.8. A. Bob won’t take her advice.B. Bob doesn’t want to go abroad.C. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseas.D. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went abroad.9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. I t helps care for customers’ dogs. B. You have to buyfood for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there. B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of café. B. A new brand of coffee.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C.6% D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives. B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A）Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I’d noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I’d made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____ (empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped astruggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, I saw the woman I’d let have my car spot earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent(热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I saw the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. “Hello,” she said, hesitantly. “This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother’s things off at the charity bins. You are just so much (30) _____ her. You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.” (31) _____ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold n ecklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____ (nice) gift I’d ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask Helpful HannahDear Helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smartphone a couple of months ago, and he took it on our recentski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) _____ (check) for text messages; he check s his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) _____ there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) _____ _____ any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36) _____ is contacting him is just too great. When I ask him to please put down the phone and stop (37) _____ (ignore) me, he says, “In a minute,” but still checks to see if (38) _____ has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) _____ (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to leave the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Maybe this dependency on his smartphone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) _____ is a real illness people can suffer from: the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam may be suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these couldhave brought so much trouble!S ick and Tired SadieSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using thewords in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note thatthere is one word more than you need.Considering how much time people spend in offices, it isimportant that work spaces be well designed. Well-designedoffice spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers, and they make an impression on people who visit andmight be potential, or 41 , customers. They make businesses work better, and they are a part of the corporateculture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers have come up with42 to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environment.” These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies（等级制度）have flattened, or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Offices and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workstation. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by lowering the walls that 46 workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places, and upgraded employees’47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands, including budgetary limits, employee hierarchies, andtechnological innovation（especially in relation to computerization）. These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors（内饰）that in some way enhance, establish, or promote a company’s image and will enable employees to 49 at their best.All these 50 of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like a good marriage --- the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect a deep interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to people’s lives. The53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones —natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seems to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with goodor bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. beneficial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. imposed C. changed D. createdB. virtuesC. similaritiesD. passions55. A.appearancesB. implicationsC. ingredientsD. intentions56. A.illustrations57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A.B. EyeC. HeartD. Hand NoseB. alertC. resistantD. superior61. A.openB. amazedC. confusedD. gifted62. A.disappointed63. A. emotions B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A.B. possessC. maintainD. asses enhance65. A.B. plainC. positiveD. irritating familiarSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passageis followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information givenin the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of folk art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limitedmeans of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing weeks called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of artistic freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechseläuten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Böögg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. Theparade ends with the Böögg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)Scary BunnyThe Curse of the Were-Rabbit(2005) is the first full-length feature film made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazing plasticine (粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in 2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understand why. It’s an absolutely brilliant cart oon comedy.Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have started a company to protect the town’s vegetables fromhungry rabbits. However, just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition, an enormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It is attacking all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path. The competition organizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who is desperate to kill it.The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual, the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a huge range of emotions without saying a word. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, who plays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are really funny.To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film which is suitable for both children and adults. If you liked Wallace and Gromit’s previous adventures and you appreciate the British sense of humour, you’ll love this film. Don’t miss it!70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer’s opinion of actingC. The writer’s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, “the monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD.a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an honorable man,” he said. “He was a traitor （叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of theexecutives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to understand,” the executives said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeares”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar, for example, Cassius’s sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against Caesar was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organising.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, sayi ng “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt to be related. Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the traitors after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving in a business: when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Rude74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to ________.A. help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the Adelmans’ programme pro ves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Shakespeare’s plays: a lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth-sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills（运动技能）; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youthpractices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté (2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g., in the street, on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their behavior (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberatepractice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with new or different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although the drills used in deliberate practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at____________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。
2015年上海高考英语试卷及答案(word-完整精校版)
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷（已反复核对，希望最大限度保证准确）考生注意：1。
考试时间120分钟,试卷满分150分.2。
本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1—12页)和第II卷（第13页)，全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写(非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分）I。
Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers。
At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said。
The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once。
After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1。
A. Impatient。
B. Confused. C. Pleased. D. Regretful.2。
A. At a bus stop。
B。
At a laundry。
C。
At the dentist’s。
D。
At the chemist’s.3. A. An actor。
B。
A salesman。
C. A translator. D. A writer.4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework。
2015年高考试题——英语(上海卷) Word版含解析
考生注意：考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第Ⅰ卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful【答案】 A【解析】原文：2. A. at a bus stopB. at a laundryC. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s【答案】 C【解析】原文：3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer 【答案】 D【解析】原文：4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework.B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the ―on‖ button is.【答案】 C【解析】原文：【考点定位】学习类5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.【答案】 D【解析】原文：6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. D r. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.【答案】 B【解析】M: Ms. Chen, I was wondering if you could find out how I did on the mid-term exam.W: Sorry, Doctor White is out of town and I’m not in a position to give out that kind of information.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory B. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her adviceB. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob s hould study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard【答案】 C【解析】M: I heard that Bob is planning to study abroadW: Not if I can talk him out of it, believe me, I'm tryingQ: what does the woman imply?9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.【答案】 A【解析】原文：10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.【答案】 BSection BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.【答案】11. C12. B13. A【解析】The dogs there are in cages around the room. First, you choose a dog. Then it comes out of the cage. You can buy food for it. The Bau House is different from the Snoopy Café. You don’t have to choose a dog at the Bau House. All the dogs sit, play or run around while people drink coffee and eat sandwiches. You can play with all the dogs at the Bau House. LaureyChuong goes to the Snoopy Café about once a week. She likes to play with Princess, her favorite dog. She often buys food for Princess, too. Lori likes to go to the Snoopy Café for many reasons. ―I love dogs,‖ she says, ―but my apartment is too small for a dog. Also, dogs don’t like to be alone and I work all day.‖ So when Laurey needs to have some fun with a pet, she go es to the dog café to see princess. Dog cafés are very popular in Korea. But they are not cheap. A cup of coffee costs about 3 dollars and 50 cents, but the fun is free.11. C 录音内容为―The Bau House is different from the Snoopy Café. You don’t have to choose a dog at the Bau House. All the dogs sit, play or run around while people drink coffee and eat sandwiches.‖第一句明确交代了the Bau House与the Snoopy Café的不同，考生需要听到这里时注意听该句后面的内容，就能选出答案。
2015高考英语-上海--解析版
考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷总分值150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷〔第1-12页〕和第Ⅱ卷〔第13页〕，全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂〔选择题〕或写〔填空题〕在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写。
第Ⅰ卷〔共103分〕I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful 【答案】 A【解析】原文：2. A. at a bus stopB. at a laundryC. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s【答案】 C【解析】原文：3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer 【答案】 D【解析】原文：4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework.B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” butto n is.【答案】 C【解析】原文：【考点定位】学习类5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.【答案】 D【解析】原文：6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.【答案】 B【解析】M: Ms. Chen, I was wondering if you could find out how I did on the mid-term exam.W: Sorry, Doctor White is out of town and I’m not in a position to give out that kind of information.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory B. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her adviceB. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard【答案】 C【解析】M: I heard that Bob is planning to study abroadW: Not if I can talk him out of it, believe me, I'm tryingQ: what does the woman imply?9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty. B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.【答案】 A【解析】原文：10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.【答案】 BSection BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.【答案】11. C12. B13. A【解析】The dogs there are in cages around the room. First, you choose a dog. Then it comes out of the cage. You can buy food for it. The Bau House is different from the Snoopy Café. You don’t have to choos e a dog at the Bau House. All the dogs sit, play or run around while people drink coffee and eat sandwiches. You can play with all the dogs at the Bau House. LaureyChuong goes to the Snoopy Café about once a week. She likes to play with Princess, her favorite dog. She often buys food for Princess, too. Lori likes to go to the Snoopy Café for many reasons. “I love dogs,” she says, “but my apartment is too small for a dog. Also, dogs don’t like to be alone and I work all day.” So when Laurey needs to have some fun with a pet, she goes to the dog café to see princess. Dog cafés are very popular in Korea. But they are not cheap. A cup of coffee costs about 3 dollars and 50 cents, but the fun is free.11. C 录音内容为“The Bau House is different from the Snoopy Café.You don’t have to choosea dog at the Bau House. All the dogs sit, play or run around while people drink coffee and eat sandwiches.”第一句明确交代了the Bau House与the Snoopy Café的不同，考生需要听到这里时注意听该句后面的内容，就能选出答案。
2015年上海英语试卷及答案(word完整精校版)
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷（已反复核对，希望最大限度保证准确）考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At theend of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations andthe questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Impatient. B. Confused. C. Pleased. D. Regretful.2. A. At a bus stop. B. At a laundry. C. At the dentist’s.D. At the chemist’s.3. A. An actor. B. A salesman. C. A translator. D. A writer.4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework.B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislikes the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finished grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitory. B. Find a person to share their apartment.C. Clean the room with the roommate.D. Write an article about their roommate.8. A. Bob won’t take her advice.B. Bob doesn’t want to go abroad.C. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseas.D. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went abroad.B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop. B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. T he passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.B. You have to buy food for dogs.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there. B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.. B. A new brand of coffee.13. A. A new kind of caféC. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives. B. The financial investment may increase.C. Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D. Unexpected problems may arise.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.SRTService NotesAccount No.: 17Service Request: Check the 18Solutions: Send another 19 ( 2 p.m. on 20 )Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.In what way are these climbers special? They are all 21 .Why did they choose to conquer MountTo prove 22 .Kilimanjaro?What did they do in time of difficulty? They persevered, 23 each other.How did they record their adventure? By keeping 24 .II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A）Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but Inoticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her haveit. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I’d made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feelinggood, I (26) _____ (empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped astruggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, I saw the woman I’d let have my car spot earlier. She was givingme (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasantday. As I squeezed back into my car, I saw the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. “He said, hesitantly. “This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my motherthings off at the charity bins. You are just so much (30) _____ her. You helped those people, Inoticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through(31) _____ (shock), I took it from herthe window. “I t hink she would like you to have it.” automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl.It was (32) _____ (nice) gift I’d ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklacewas around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask Helpful HannahDear Helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smartphone a couple of months ago,and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem.He has a constant urge (33) _____ (check) for text messages; he checks his phone every fiveminutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) _____ there may be anriate times like when we are eating in aimportant text. He can’t help checking even at inapproprestaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) _____ _____ any small amount of boredomcan make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36) _____ is contacting him is just too great. When I ask him to please put down the phoneand stop (37) _____ (ignore) me, he says, “In a minute,” but still checks to see if (38) _____ has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) _____ (interrupt). If we go somewhere and Iask him to leave the phone at home, he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Maybe thisdependency on his smartphone has become more than an everyday problem.erI recently read an article about “nomophobia,” (40) _____ is a real illness people can sufffrom: the fear of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam may be suffering from thisillness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired Sadie。
2015年高考试卷——英语(上海卷) Word版含答案
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第Ⅰ卷（共103分）Ⅰ.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between tow speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on you paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Impatient B.Confused C.Pleased D.Regretful2.At a bus stop B.At a laundry C.At the dentist’s D.At the chemist’s3.An actor B.A salesman C.A translator D.A writer4.A .He lost his classmate’s homework. B.He can’t help the woman with her math.C.He broke the woman’s calculator.D.He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5.A.The woman should go to another counter.B.The woman gives the man so many choices.C.The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D.The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6.A.She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B.She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C.Dr.White hasn’t finished grading the papers.D.Dr.White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7.A .Move to a next dormitory B.Find a person to share their apartment.C.Clean the room with roommateD.Write an article about their roommate.8.A.Bob won’t take her advice.B.Bob doesn’t want to go abroad.C.She doesn’t think Bob should study overseas.D.She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went abroad.9.A.The snack bar isn’t usually so empty.B.Dessert is served in the snack bar.C.The snack bar is near the library.D.Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10.A.Take her bicycle to the repair shop.B.Leave her bicycle outside.C.Clean the garage after the rain stops.D.Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B,you will hear two short passages,and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A.It helps care for customers’ dogs. B.You have to buy food for dogs.C.None of the dogs are cagedD.There is a dog named Princess12.A.She likes the food there. B.She enjoys the fun with a pet.C.She can have free coffee.D.She doesn’t like to be alone.13.A.A new kind of care. B.A new brand of coffee.C.A new home for pets.D.A new way to raise pets.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A.A trend that high achiever are given a lower salary.B.A view that life quality is more important than pay.C.A dream of the young for fast-paced jobsD. A new term created by high achievers15.A.10% B.12% C.6% D.7%16.A.People are less satisfied with their lives. B.The financial investment may increase.C.Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D.Unexpected problem may arise.Section CDirections: In Section C,you will hear tow longer conversations.The conversations will be read twice.After you hear each conversation,you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answersBlanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Ⅱ.Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient,but I’d noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a white (25) I was in a good mood, I left her haveit .On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot-it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I’d made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26)(empty) my purse change into the heads of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, I saw the woman I’d let have my car spot earlier.She was giving me (27) .odd-look half puzzled,half intent(热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I back into my car, I saw the same lady(28) (look) in at me. “Hello,” she said ,hesitantly “This (29) sound crazy, but I was on my way to drop some of my mother’s thing off at the charity bins. You are just so much (30) her. You helped those people , I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and paused a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.”(31) (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause. I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large gray pearl. It was (32) （nice）gift I’d ever received, and I was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask Helpful HannahDear Helpful Hannah,I’d got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smartphone a couple of months ago, and be took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) (check) for text messages, he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea(34) there may be an important text . He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him ! He behaves (35) any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. The temptation to see（36）is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to please putdown the phone and stop (37) (ignore) me, he says, “ In a minute,” but still checks to see if (38) has posted something new on the internet. Our life (39) (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to leave the phone at home ,he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Maybe this dependency on his smartphone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia” (40) is real illness people can suffer from the feat of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam may be suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired Sadie Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beConsidering how much time people spend in affect,it is important that work spaces be will designed.Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s.They motivate workers,and they make in impression on people who visit and might be potential,or 41 ,customers,They make businesses work better,and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one,office designers have come up with 42 to the traditional work environments of the past.The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies(等级制度) have flattened,or decreased,office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices.The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design.Offices and word spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basic.Because of changes to methods of working,new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks storage,and equipment within the workstation.Another important design goal is communication,which designers have improved by lowering the wallsthat 46 workstations.Designers have also created informal gathering places,and upgraded employees’47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands,including budgetary limits,employee hierarchies,and technological innovation(especially in relation to computerization).These demands must also be balanced withthe need to create interiors(内饰) that in some way enhance,establish,or promote a company’simage and will enable employees to 49 at their best.All these 50 of office design are related.The most successful office designs are like agood marriage—the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly madefor each other.III. Reading Comprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect a deep interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone. First Impression To help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s indivi duality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives. The 60 Knows Scientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people. Face Value Being fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractiveseems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. beneficial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. imposed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D.passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D.mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B . Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. asses65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. IrritatingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing weeks called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of artistic freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffedwith explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer’s opinion of actingC. The writer’s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, “the monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutuswas not an honorable man,”he said. “He was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in coldblood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to understand,” the executive said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeares”. They areamateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar , for example, Cassius’s sly provocation （狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against Caesar was the basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Ag incourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelman had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the traitors after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business: when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Rude.74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to ________.A. help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analys ing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business successC. Shakespeare’s plays: a lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potent ial to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth--sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult--sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implications of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté (2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior. (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior. (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youthsport?79. If children often participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at____________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。
2015年上海高考英语试卷及答案(word-完整精校版)
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷（已反复核对,希望最大限度保证准确)考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2。
本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1—12页)和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3。
答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分）I。
Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers。
At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said。
The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once。
After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard。
1. A。
Impatient。
B。
Confused. C。
Pleased. D. Regretful。
2. A. At a bus stop。
B。
At a laundry。
C。
At the dentist’s。
D. At the chemist’s。
3。
A. An actor. B. A salesman。
C。
A translator。
2015年高考试题——英语(上海卷)+Word版含答案
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第Ⅰ卷（共103分）Ⅰ.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between tow speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on you paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Impatient B.Confused C.Pleased D.Regretful2.At a bus stop B.At a laundry C.At the dentist’s D.At the chemist’s3.An actor B.A salesman C.A translator D.A writer4.A .He lost his classmate’s homework. B.He can’t help the woman with her math.C.He broke the woman’s calculator.D.He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.5.A.The woman should go to another counter.B.The woman gives the man so many choices.C.The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D.The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6.A.She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B.She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C.Dr.White hasn’t finished grading the papers.D.Dr.White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7.A .Move to a next dormitory B.Find a person to share their apartment.C.Clean the room with roommateD.Write an article about their roommate.8.A.Bob won’t take her advice.B.Bob doesn’t want to go abroad.C.She doesn’t think Bob should study overseas.D.She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went abroad.9.A.The snack bar isn’t usually so empty.B.Dessert is served in the snack bar.C.The snack bar is near the library.D.Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10.A.Take her bicycle to the repair shop.B.Leave her bicycle outside.C.Clean the garage after the rain stops.D.Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B,you will hear two short passages,and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A.It helps care for customers’ dogs. B.You have to buy food for dogs.C.None of the dogs are cagedD.There is a dog named Princess12.A.She likes the food there. B.She enjoys the fun with a pet.C.She can have free coffee.D.She doesn’t like to be alone.13.A.A new kind of care. B.A new brand of coffee.C.A new home for pets.D.A new way to raise pets.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A.A trend that high achiever are given a lower salary.B.A view that life quality is more important than pay.C.A dream of the young for fast-paced jobsD. A new term created by high achievers15.A.10% B.12% C.6% D.7%16.A.People are less satisfied with their lives. B.The financial investment may increase.C.Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D.Unexpected problem may arise.Section CDirections: In Section C,you will hear tow longer conversations.The conversations will be read twice.After you hear each conversation,you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answersBlanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form.Write ON MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Ⅱ.Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient,but I’d noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a white (25) I was in a good mood, I left her haveit .On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot-it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I’d made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26)(empty) my purse change into the heads of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, I saw the woman I’d let have my car spot earlier.She was giving me (27) .odd-look half puzzled,half intent(热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I back into my car, I saw the same lady(28) (look) in at me. “Hello,” she said ,hesitantly “This (29) sound crazy, but I was on my way to drop some of my mother’s thing off at the charity bins. You are just so much (30) her. You helped those people , I noticed, and you seemed so happy.” She looked at me meaningfully and paused a box in through the window. “I think she would like you to have it.”(31) (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause. I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large gray pearl. It was (32) （nice）gift I’d ever received, and I was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask Helpful HannahDear Helpful Hannah,I’d got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smartphone a couple of months ago, and be took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) (check) for text messages, he checks his phone every five minutes! He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea(34) there may be an important text . He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him ! He behaves (35) any small amount of boredomcan make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn’t. The temptation to see（36）is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to please put down the phone and stop (37) (ignore) me, he says, “ In a minute,” but still checks to see if (38) has posted something new on the internet. Our life (39) (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to leave the phone at home ,he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Maybe this dependency on his smartphone has become more than an everyday problem.I recently read an article about “nomophobia” (40) is real illness people can suffer from the feat of being without your phone! I am worried that Sam may be suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired Sadie Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beConsidering how much time people spend in affect,it is important that work spaces be will designed.Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s.They motivate workers,and they make in impression on people who visit and might be potential,or 41 ,customers,They make businesses work better,and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one,office designers have come up with 42 to the traditional work environments of the past.The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These 43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies(等级制度) have flattened,or decreased,office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices.The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design.Offices and word spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basic.Because of changes to methods of working,new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks storage,and equipment within the workstation.Another important design goal is communication,which designers have improved by lowering the wallsthat 46 workstations.Designers have also created informal gathering places,and upgraded employees’47 to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 48 demands,including budgetary limits,employee hierarchies,and technological innovation(especially in relation to computerization).These demands must also be balanced withthe need to create interiors(内饰) that in some way enhance,establish,or promote a company’simage and will enable employees to 49 at their best.All these 50 of office design are related.The most successful office designs are like agood marriage—the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect a deep interest in romance among the artists. 1 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 2 to people’s lives. The 3 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 4 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 5 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 6 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 7 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 8 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 9 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 10 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 11 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 12 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people. Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 13 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 14 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 15 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.1. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise2. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. beneficial3. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle4. A. tested B. imposed C. changed D. created5. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D.passions6. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions7. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall8. A. critical B. initial C. random D.mature9. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question10. A. Nose B . Eye C. Heart D. Hand11. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior12. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted13. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals14. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. asses15. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. IrritatingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing weeks called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, thi s was a defining moment of artistic freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich,Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer’s opinion of actingC. The writer’s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, “the monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutuswas not an honorable man,” he said. “He was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in coldblood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to understand,” the executive said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. Nonemore so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeares”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar , for example, Cassius’s sly provocation （狡诈的挑唆）of Brutus to take up arms against Caesar was the basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But t hey do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelman had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the traitors after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business: when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Rude.74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “Movers and Shakespeares” to ________.A. help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analys ing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to business su ccessC. Shakespeare’s plays: a lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth--sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult--sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implications of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté (2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior. (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior. (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children often participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to________________.80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at____________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。
2015年上海高考英语试卷及答案
2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard.1. A. impatient B. confused C. pleased D. regretful2. A. at a bus stop B. at a laundry C. at the dentist’s D. at the chemist’s3. A. An actor B. A salesman C. A translator D. A writer4. A. He lost his classmate’s homework.B. He can’t help the woman with her math.C. He broke the woman’s calculator.D. He doesn’t know where the ―on‖ button is.5. A. The woman should go to another counter.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D. The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A. She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.B. She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr. White hasn’t finish grading the papers.D. Dr. White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.7. A. Move to a neat dormitoryB. Find a person to share their apartmentC. Clean the room with the roommateD. Write an article about their roommate8. A. Bob won’t take her adviceB. Bob doesn’t want to go abroadC. She doesn’t think Bob should study overseasD. She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard9. A. The snack bar isn’t usually so empty.B. Dessert is served in the snack bar.C. The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren’t allowed in the library.10. A. Take her bicycle to the repair shop.B. Leave her bicycle outside.C. Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It helps care for customers’ dogs.B. You have to buy food for dogs.C. None of the dogs are caged.D. There is a dog named Princess.12. A. She likes the food there.B. She enjoys the fun with a pet.C. She can have free coffee.D. She doesn’t like to be alone.13. A. A new kind of cafe.B. A new brand of cafe.C. A new home for pets.D. A new way to raise pets.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A trend that high achievers are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quality is more important than pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobs.D. A new term created by high achievers.15. A. 10% B. 12% C. 6% D. 7%16. A. People are less satisfied with their lives.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Gift from a strangerMy local supermarket is always busy. The first parking space I found was convenient, but I'd noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I let her have it. On the edge of the car park I backed into the next available spot—it was a tight fit.Pretty soon I'd made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _____(empty) my purse change into the hands of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park（倒车）.Just as I approached my car, 1 saw the woman I'd let have my car space earlier. She was giving me (27) _____ odd look—half puzzled, half intent (热切的). I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I squeezed back into my car, I spotted the same lady (28) _____ (look) in at me. "Hello," she said, hesitantly. "This (29) _____ sound crazy but I was on my way to drop some of my mother's things off at the charity bins.‖ You are just so much (30) _____ her.‖ You helped those people, I noticed, and you seemed so happy.‖ She looked at me meaningfully and passed a box in through the window. ―I think she would like you to have it.‖ (31) _____ (shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause, I opened the box. Inside was a beautiful gold necklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _____ (nice) gift I'd ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm reminder of human kindness.(B)Ask helpful HannahDear helpful Hannah,I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smart phone a couple of months ago and he took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado, it was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant urge (33) (check) for next messages; he checks his phone every five minutes!He’s so addicted to it that he just can’t stand the idea (34) there may be an important text. He can’t help checking even at inappropriate times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He behaves (35) any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he know he shouldn’t. The temptation to see (36) is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to put down the phone and stop (37) (ignore) me, he say, ―In a minute.‖ but still checks to see if (38) has posted something new on the Internet. Our life (39) (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to have the phone at home, heand they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 41 , customers. They make business work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers have come up with 42 to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible ―strategic management environments.‖ These43 solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.As employee hierarchies (等级制度) have flattened, or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 44 by changes in workstation design. Offices and work spaces often are not 45 to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workstation. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by lowering the walls that 46d employees’ 47All ameaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 in people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54. Theyask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Thenmore time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. beneficial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle54. A. tested B. imposed C. changed D. created55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted63. A. emotions B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. insultingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has pass ed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. ―The heyday of the snowman‖ (paragraph 4) means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)Scary BunnyA: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit(2005) is the first full-length feature film made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazing plasticine(粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in 2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understand why. It’s an absolutely brilliant cartoon comedy.B: Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have started a company to protect the town’s vegetables from hungry rabbits. However, just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition, an enormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It is attacking all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path. The competition organizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who is desperate to kill it.C: The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual, the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a huge range of emotions without saying a word. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, who plays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are really funny.D: To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film which is suitable for both children and adults. If you liked Wallace and Gromit’s previous adventures and you appreciate the British sense of humour, you’ll love this film. Don’t miss it!70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer’s opinion of actingC. The writer’s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, ―monster‖ (paragraph B) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. ―Brutus was not an honorable man,‖ he said. ―He was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.‖ The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. ―You have to endeavor,‖ the executives said, ―our policy is to obey the chain of c ommand.‖During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called ―Movers and Shakespeares‖. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, andusing individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar, sly provocation（狡诈的挑唆） of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful expl anation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying ―the noblest Roman of them all‖ couldn’t make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honourable.D. Rude74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up ―Movers and Shakespeares‖ to ________.A. help executives to understand Shakespe are’s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare’s playsC. provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays.75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A. the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is _____.A. Shakespeare’s plays: Executives reconsider corporate cultureB. Shakespeare’s plays: An essential key to bus iness successC. Shakespeare’s plays: a lesson for business motivationD. Shakespeare’s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté(2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior. (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior. (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effectivetime78.第IIDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。
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上海2012年春季高考英语试卷第1卷(共105分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a restaurant. B. In a library. C. In a hotel. D. In a bookshop.2. A. Husband and wife. B. Customer and shop assistant.C. Boss and secretary.D. Teacher and student.3. A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday. D. On Thursday.4. A. The jacket is too big for him. B. It's been too warm to wear the jacket.C. He doesn't like cold weather.D. He bought the jacket when it was cool.5. A. He prefers to work part-time. B. He wants to change his class schedule.C. He has trouble finding a part-time job.D. He doesn't want to work on campus.6. A. They have to change their weekend plans. B. They recently visited Mount Forest.C. They will join the outdoor club next year.D. They are going camping this weekend.7. A. She likes playing tennis. B. She is looking forward to the game.C. The forecast is accurate.D. The game depends on the weather.8. A. He's not feeling well. B. He spends a lot of time in the lab.C. His absence is surprising.D. He hasn't checked the lab.9. A. He'll look for it. B. He'll get someone to have a look.C. He'll park it somewhere.D. He'll ask someone to park it.10. A. They were warmly welcomed there. B. They had something unpleasant on the way.C. They didn't enjoy their stay there.D. They had a good time before arrival.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A good income. B. Eighteen days' holiday.C. Five working hours daily.D. Regular promotions.12. A. Whether the train is on time. B. Who drives the Tube train.C. How the timetable is arranged.D. What service is offered.13. A. Both boys and girls hope to drive trains. B. Women can break bad news sympathetically.C. Traditional career patterns often change.D. London Tube is hiring more women drivers.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Right after higher education. B. Just before entering career life.C. Right after secondary school.D. Just before military service.15. A. Attend commercial courses. B. Train as a salesperson.C. Help enroll bright students.D. Work on a new project.16. A. Enriching their work and life experiences. B. Increasing their physical strength.C. Expanding their knowledge in marketing.D. Helping them gain high scores in exams.Directions:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.School Life SurveyName: 17 SmithClass: 18Favourite subjects: Computer 19 and P.E.Three favourite places: Computer room, school garden and 20Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation,Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.What was Bob's request? To increase 21What were raises in the company based on? They were based on 22When could Bob earn a raise according to the boss? When he made the office run 23What did the boss finally say to Bob? Bob would have to 24 for himself.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. A huge amount of money has been spent _ _ the new bridge.A. inB. onC. withD. for26. They don't come to the book club any more, for _ reasons or other.A. someB. allC. eitherD. both27. You _____ bring your identification when you open a bank account.A. mayB. canC. mustD. will28. After the accident, we are _____ concerned with the safety of school buses than we used to be.A. littleB. lessC. muchD. more29. Before I began this job, I _____ a baby sitter for two years.A. have beenB. wasC. would beD. had been30. The diamond mine _______ accidentally by a little boy when he was playing hide-and-seek.A. discoveredB. was discoveredC. has been discoveredD. would discover31. Tom looked upon the test as an obstacle _____ his classmates regarded it as a challenge.A. whileB. becauseC. unlessD. if32. People have learnt the importance of keeping a balanced diet _____ their nutritional needs.A. satisfyB. satisfiedC. to satisfyD. having satisfied33. Once _ _, Joe devoted her life to looking after children and being a full-time homemaker.A. having marriedB. being marriedC. marryingD. married34. _____ you take a photo, you should always check the position of the sun.A. BeforeB. AfterC. BecauseD. Though35. Despite the fact _____ they lacked food, the explorers continued towards the goal.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether36. Sailing across the ocean alone was an achievement took courage.A. whatB. whoC. whichD. where37. a wet football can hurt your foot if you are not careful.38. It was not until 1920 American women had the chance to vote in national elections.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. which39. Portable videophones will show us _____ is happening at the other end of the line.A. whichB. whatC. howD. why40. Big companies usually have a lot of branch offices _____ in different parts of the world.A. to have operatedB. be operatedC. operatingD. having operatedSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. accountedB. averageC. continuousD. rankE. linkF. comparison G additional H. associated I. risk J. confirmedTelevision watching is an activity which is known to be harmful to health and is distinct from getting too little exercise. But a new study suggests its damaging effects may even 41 alongside those from smoking and obesity. Researchers who studied television viewing habits in Australia calculated that people who watch for a(n) 42 of six hours a day shorten their life expectancy by almost five years.They based their calculations on data on the 43 between television viewing and death from the Australian obesity and lifestyle study which involved l 1,000 adults aged 25 and over. Applying these findings to the whole population over 25, who are estimated to have watched 9.8 billion hours of TV in 2008, they concluded that it 44 for 286,000 years of life lost --- equivalent to 22 minutes for each hour watched. By 45 , smoking one cigarette is estimated to shorten life expectancy by 11 minutes --- equivalent to half an hour of TV watching.Writing in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, the authors from the University of Queensland, say the figures suggest "huge loss of life may be 46 with too much TV viewing." The UK and other industrialized countries are likely to be similarly affected "given the typically large amounts of time spent watching TV and the similarities in disease patterns." The researchers add: "If these figures are 47 and shown to reflect a cause and effect relationship, TV viewing is a public health problem comparable in size to established behavioral risk factors."Researchers from Taiwan University found even those who did as little as 92 minutes' exercise a week--- equivalent to 15 minutes a day for six days a week --- reduced their 48 of death by 14 per cent. Even this small amount of exercise could postpone one in six of all deaths --- similar to the effects of a stop-smoking programme. Each 49 15 minutes a day reduced the death rate by a further 4 per cent.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A screen door allows for an open view while at the same time affording a degree of privacy. 50 , communication between parents and their child away at college should have openness in expressing viewpoints but, at the same time, it should demonstrate a respect for privacy. Staying in touch with each other is important because without 51 , there is no connection and worry can take over. All involved should try to be 52 in listening to, understanding and dealing with special concerns or needs that arise whether they be from the student, parents or friends.For the happy student adjusting well at school, calls to home can be infrequent. This is not necessarily a cause for parents to 53 . While parents are naturally 54 about what their child is up to, the majority of students are busy getting accustomed to their new home, making new friends and 55 to new schedules and activities. The fact is that without any ill intention on purpose, they can spend little time thinking about home and they may not appreciate the degree of their parents' 56 curiosity.circumstance can bring a 58 period for both parent and child. For the parents at home, it can be terribly 59 to sense their child is unhappy. It is difficult to judge how we should react to this challenge: as 60 , we want to bring our children home to the safety of our nest; in our parent-teacher role, we want to 61 the ties and allow our child the opportunity to make it on his/her own.For the student away at school, unhappiness can be lonely and frightening and in some cases, it can lead to depression and illness. There is a sense of 62 for some homesick students who fear that Mom and Dad will 63 their inability to cope with the new environment. This is especially true when the homesick one sees classmates adjusting somewhat effortlessly. No matter what the circumstances are that have created 64 , communication between parent and child must remain open, honest and in balance.50. A. Relatively B. Contrarily C. Typically D. Similarly51. A. sacrifice B. privacy C. appreciation D. communication52. A. sensitive B. confident C. casual D. modest53. A. worry B. regret C. cheer D. wonder54. A. uninformed B. curious C. happy D. sensible55. A. adding B. referring C. adjusting D. leading56. A. strange B. increasing C. awakened D. normal57. A. formally B. frequently C. sincerely D. patiently58. A. disappointing B. recovering C. challenging D. training59. A. damaging B. disturbing C. demanding D. exhausting60. A. protectors B. reminders C. inspectors D. individuals61. A. maintain B. establish C. restore D. cut62. A. relief B. responsibility C. achievement D. embarrassment63. A. get bored with B. get upset with C. be ignorant of D. be honest with64. A. opportunity B. uncertainty C. unhappiness D. nervousnessSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)For six hours we shot through the landscape of the Karoo desert in South Africa. Just rocks and sand and baking sun. Knowing our journey was ending, Daniel and I just wanted to remember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. I used words. I had already finished three notebooks and was into the fourth, a beautiful leather notebook I'd bought in a market in Mozambique.Southern Africa was full of stories and visions. We were almost drunk on sensations. The roaring of the water at Victoria Falls, the impossible silence of the Okavango Delta in Botswana. And then the other things: dogs in the streets, whole families in Soweto living in one room, a kilometre from clean water.As we drove towards the setting sun, a quietness fell over us. The road was empty -- we hadn't seen another car for hours. And as I drove, something caught my eye, something moving next to me. I glanced in the mirror of the car; I glanced sideways to the right, and that was when I saw them. Next to us, by the side of the road, thirty, forty wild horses were racing the car, a cloud of dust rising behind them -- brown, muscular horses almost close enough to touch them, to smell their hot breath. I didn't know how long they had been there next to us.I shouted to Dan: "Look!", but he was in a deep sleep, his camera lying useless by his feet. They raced the car for a few seconds, then disappeared far behind us, a memory of heroic forms in the red landscape. When Daniel woke up an hour later I told him what had happened."Wild horses?" he said. "Why didn't you wake me up?""I tried. But they were gone after a few seconds.""Are you sure you didn't dream it?""You were the one who was sleeping!"We checked into a dusty hotel and slept the sleep of the dead.65. During their journey in Africa, the two travelers .A. made friends with local residentsB. complained about the poor living conditionsC. enjoyed the sunset in the Karoo desert mostD. recorded their experiences in different ways66. What does the phrase "heroic forms" in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. Racing cars.B. Wild horses.C. Eye-catching locals.D. Running dogs.67. What did Daniel think when he woke up and was told what had happened?A. He always missed out on the best thing.B. He had already taken beautiful pictures.C. A sound sleep was more important.D. The next trip would be better.68. What is the passage mainly about?A. How to view wildlife in Africa.B. Running into wildlife in Africa.C. Tourist attractions in southern Africa.D. Possible dangers of travelling in the desert.(B)The Age of UnreasonCharles Handy In his book The Age of Unreason Professor Handy describes the dramatic changes that are taking place in our lives today and warns that we must adapt to these changes if we want to survive in the future. Handy believes that in the future less than 50% of the workforce will be employed full-time by an organization. These full-time employees will be the qualified professionals, technicians, and managers who are essential to an organization. Their working lives will be a lot more demanding than today, but in return they will be well-paid and they will retire earlier. The rest of the workforce will be self-employed or will work part-time, providing organizations with the products and services they require on a contract basis. Handy forecasts a big increase in the number of working mothers in future and believes there will be a large number of unemployed.Handy gives us plenty of figures to worry about. He estimates that by the year 2040, one person in five will retire, and one in ten will be over seventy-five years old. There will be one retiree to every three people of working age, and even more than that in countries such as Germany and Switzerland, where the proportion will be as much as one to two. Retirees will remain healthy and active for longer than they do today and many will live to be a hundred years old, a fact which leads Handy to suggest that the term retirement will no longer be appropriate. He suggests the third age is a more appropriate description, since it will be as important a part of our lives as the first age of learning and the second age of working are for us today.69. Professor Handy wrote the book most probably to .A. warn us of potential social problems in the futureB. predict the leading professions in the coming yearsC. describe the effect of unemployment on societyD. suggest a better term for future retirement70. According to Professor Handy, the future workforce will .A. adapt to the changes in retirement easilyB. be mainly self-employedC. have fewer full-time workers than todayD. work on a contract basis71. From the last paragraph, we learn that about 30 years from now, .A. the number of retirees will double in many countriesB. ageing will be a common and serious problemC. 10% of the population will live to be 100 years oldD. the third age will be the most important part of our lives(C)Frederic Mishkin, who's been a professor at Columbia Business School for almost 30 years, is good at solving problems and expressing ideas. Whether he's standing in front of a lecture hall or engaged in a casual conversation, his hands are always waving and pointing. When he was in graduate school, one of his professorsthe professor's office.It turns out, however, that Mishkin's professor had it exactly wrong. Gesture doesn't prevent but promotes clear thought and speech. Research demonstrates that the movements we make with our hands when we talk form a kind of second language, adding information that's absent from our words. It's learning's secret code: Gesture reveals what we know. It reveals what we don't know. What's more, the agreement (or lack of agreement) between what our voices say and how our hands move offers a clue to our readiness to learn.Many of the studies establishing the importance of gesture to learning have been conducted by Susan Goldin-Meadow, a professor of psychology at the University of Chicago. "We change our minds by moving our hands," writes Goldin-Meadow in a review of this work. Particularly significant are what she calls "mismatches" between oral expression and physical gestures. A student might say that a heavier ball falls faster than a light one, for example, but make a gesture indicating that they fall at the same rate, which is correct. Such differences indicate that we're moving from one level of understanding to another. The thoughts expressed by hand motions are often our newest and most advanced ideas about the problem we're working on; we can't yet absorb these concepts into language, but we can capture them in movement.Goldin-Meadow's more recent work stresses not only that gesture shows our readiness to learn, but that it actually helps to bring learning about. It does so in two ways. First, it elicits (引出) helpful behavior from others around us. Goldin-Meadow has found that adults respond to children's speech-gesture mismatches by adjusting their way of instruction. Parents and teachers apparently receive the signal that children are ready to learn, and they act on it by offering a greater variety of problem-solving techniques. The act of gesturing itself also seems to quicken learning, bringing new knowledge into consciousness and aiding the understanding of new concepts. A 2007 study by Susan Wagner Cook, an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Iowa, reported that third-graders who were asked to gesture while learning algebra(代数) were nearly three times more likely to remember what they'd learned than classmates who did not gesture.72. According to Paragraph 1, Frederic Mishkin was asked to sit on his hands because _ _.A. he could little express his ideas that wayB. he always pointed his finger at his professorC. his professor did not like his gesturingD. his gestures prevented his professor from thinking73. How is gesturing important in acquiring knowledge?A. It draws tasteful responses from others and increases learning speed.B. It promotes second language learning and quickens thinking.C. It provides significant clues for solving academic problems.D. It reduces students' reliance on teachers' instruction.74. What can be inferred from the passage about gesture-speech mismatches?A. They can stimulate our creativity.B. Instructors should make full use of them.C. Teachers can hardly explain new concepts without them.D. They serve as a stepping stone to solving real life problems.75. What could be the best title of the passage?A. Hand Motions, a Second LanguageB. Gesturing: Signal of UnderstandingC. New Uses of GesturingD. The Secret Code of LearningSection CDirections:Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.A. Kids' watching e-books is far from reading.B. Reading bedtime stories is a rarely changed routine.C. What really counts is the words that appear.D. E-books are cool in a technological sense.F. E-books for children are not that well-received.76.In my house, bedtime stories are holy. Rarely does something change the nightly routine, although feverish kids have been known to be tucked in, without story. But last week, my 4-year-old awoke at 1 a.m. with this complaint: "You forgot to read me my bedtime story." She was right. So I pulled a book from her shelf' and cuddled her close as she turned the pages. Reading forges connections between parents and children (even in the middle of the night, it's also good for little brains.)77.But does the form in which the words appear matter? The New York Times reports that parents---even those who are avid digital downloader’s---are avoiding kids' e-books for the real things. It seems that the feel and texture of paper pages along with colorful illustrations beats the static dimensions of a screen.78.The article ran in the paper's Monday business section, but it may be more of a cultural tale. More than 25% of some adult literature is sold digitally, but e-books targeted at kids under 8 take up less than 5% of total children's book sales. "Refuting a childhood classic on an e-reader is such a cold thing to do," says Carol Moyer, head of the children's department at Quail Ridge Books. "E-books don't have the warmth and intimacy of the illustration on the page."79.Technology fans believe e-books can compete. On CNET, Rick Broida sings the praises of the iPad, which "can do a lot more than just display static pages. It can read stories aloud; it can enrich a classic tale with 'touch-powered extras; and it can even render pages in 3D." he describes Alice in Wonderland---"Alice for the iPad"---as a classic tale that involves animation like no other e-book to date. Readers can tilt the iPad to make Alice grow, shrink and so on.80.Sounds cool, but it seems more like a movie than a book. Watching digital dramatizations of stories isn't reading. When my kindergartener spent tech-lab time following instructions to surf an e-books site, her teacher recognized that she wasn't reading; she was learning to use a computer.Section D'Directions:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.An African-born British scientist received an environment research prize at the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) meeting for showing how bees can be used to reduce conflict between people and elephants. Lucy Ki ng's work proved that beehive “fences" (蜂箱"栅栏")can keep elephants out of African farmers' fields. The animals are scared of bees, which can bite them inside their long noses, and flee when they hear buzzing (蜂鸣声). Dr King's work offers an intelligent solution to an age-old challenge, while providing further confirmation of the importance of bees to people and a really clever way of preserving the world's largest land animal for current and future generations. Working in Kenya, Dr King and her team showed that more than 90% of elephants will flee when they hear the sounds of buzzing bees. Afterwards, they also found that elephants produce a special sound to warn their fellows of the danger. They used the findings to construct barriers where beehives are woven into a fence, keeping the elephants away from places where people live and grow food.A two-year project involving 34 farms showed that elephants trying to go through the fences would shake them, disturbing the bees. Later, the fences were adopted by farming communities in three Kenyan districts -- who also made increased amounts of money from selling honey. "Dr Lucy King has designed a constructive solution that considers the needs of animals but also the economic benefits to the local communities linked to species preservation," said CMS executive secretary Elizabeth Maruma Mrema.As Africa's population grows, competition for space between people and elephants is becoming more serious, and there are fatalities on both sides. The same is true in parts of Asia. Sri Lanka alone sees the deaths of allWorking with the charity Save the Elephants, Lucy King now wants to see whether the Kenyan technique will work in other parts of Africa --- and perhaps, eventually, in Asia. "With Asia, there are some issues we'd have to look at --- it's a totally different elephant species, the bee species are different, it rains a lot more, we have animals like bears that love honey --- but I'd be very interested in sharing my research with anyone with experience in Asia to see whether it could work there," she said.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. Lucy King's research shows that by using bees, can be reduced.82. How do most elephants in Kenya respond to the sounds of buzzing bees?83. Dr. King's work is regarded as a constructive solution, for it considers .84. What four issues should be thought about in the application of Lucy King's findings in Asia?第Ⅱ卷(共45分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1．完成这项任务要花好几个月的时间。