新编商务英语泛读 1 Unit7第一课

What types of organizations are suitable for a small business? A.The sole trader and the joint stock company. B.The joint stock company. C. The sole trader and the partnership. D. The joint stock company and the partnership.
Words:
sector characteristic interior decorate accountant architect liability collapse maximum transfer subscribe compulsory out of the question 部分，部门 特征， 特性 内部的 装修，装饰 会计人员，会计师 建筑师 责任，负债，债务 崩溃，突然的失败 最大限度 转让 认购 强制的 不可能的，不值得考虑的
private sector
Question:
The UK has what is known as a “mixed” economy. This means that the economy of the UK . A.consists of various kind of industries B.is made up of both very large and very small business C.is made up of both private-owned and stateowned enterprises D.consists of all kinds of enterprises, big and small, national and private
二．Partnerships（合作企业）
Partnerships are a type of business unit which help smaller business to expand.
Partners can introduce more capital. Partners also help in organizing and managing the business. Sometimes they bring special skills. They also share the profits. Profits are usually shared by agreement.
The article is written mainly to . A. guide the reader about how to invest in the UK B. discuss the mixed economy of the UK C. define several common forms of business organizations in the UK D. define and compare several types of business organizations commonly found in the UK
In the private sector, there are various types of business organizations. sole traders 独资企业 partnerships 合伙企业 joint stock companies 股份公司 cooperatives 合作社
Disadvantages:
responsible for all the losses of the business. management problems（管理问题） financial problems（经济问题）
This difficulty puts sole traders at a great disadvantages.(这个困难使独资企业处 于极其不利的地位。)
三. joint stock companies (股份公司)
private limited companies
joint stock companies （limited liability）
public limited companies
Advantages:
limited liability
PaBiblioteka Baidusage:
coal(煤) public sector rail transport(铁路运输)
The UK (mixed economy)
health and education (医疗与教育)
commercial and financial service (商业和金融服务) owned and controlled by private enterprise
一.sole trader ---sole proprietor （独资企业）
Definition
It is owned , run and controlled by one person. It is very often found in retailing and in the direct services.
Question:
Joint stock companies are also known as limited companies because . A.the number of such companies is limited B. the number of shareholders of such a company is limited C. shareholders are responsible only for the amount of capital they invest D. there is a restriction on the number of members in a private limited company
The members are responsible only for the amount of capital they contribute. This guarantee that the people who invest in the company will not lose more than the amount of their investment if the company fails or causes injury.
Disadvantages:
ordinary or general partners have unlimited liability for losses and debts. conflict between partners can wreck(毁 掉) the company.
Question:
Which of the following statements is NOT true? A.Partners can usually introduce more capital than sole traders. B. Partners pay a higher rate of tax than sole traders. C. Sleeping partners do not take part in the daily management. D. Ordinary or general partners have unlimited personal liability for losses and debts.
There are other kinds of partners---”sleeping” partners.
“sleeping” partners contribute capital to the business, but do not participate in its organization and management.
The main advantage of joint stock companies is that . A.the shareholders can share the company’s profits B. the shareholders don’t necessarily have a large sum of capital C. the shareholders can take part in the company’s decision-making D. the shareholders’ losses will not be greater than the amount of their investment in the company
Advantages:
The owner can be his own boss and keep all the profits. He doesn’t need much capital to start the business. There are very few legal requirements to follow. Pride of Ownership（对所有权的满足感） Tax Advantages（税务优势）
Question:
All of the following are advantages of the sole trader (or sole proprietor) Except that . A. the owner can be his / her own boss and keep all profits B. the owner doesn’t need much capital to start with nor does he / she have many legal requirements to follow C.the owner can decide almost anything concerning the business D.the owner is completely responsible for the losses of his / her business
The main difference between private and public limited companies is that there is a restriction on the number of members in a private limited company(maximum fifty).
Extensive Reading
Unit 7
Text A Types of Business Organizations
1211班
GOALS:
Distinguish the characteristics of the various types of business organizations. The distinction between sole traders, partnerships , joint stock companies and cooperatives. The advantages and disadvantages of the types of business organizations.