人教版高中英语必修三Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars课文知识点解析

Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 课文知识点解析Warming Up

Discuss in pairs which science subjects are part of medicine,biochemistry,

geophysics or astronomy.

分组讨论哪些科学科目是医学，生物化学，地理学或天文学的一部分。

in pairs=two at a time=in twos

一次两个，两个一组

e.g.Shoes and slippers are sold in pairs.

鞋子都是论双卖的。

注意：in+数词/名词（数词/名词以复数形式）

e.g.in threes and fours 三三两两的

in groups 成群的思维拓展

in在这里表示：以……数量/形式、形状等。

e.g.Tourists queue in thousands to see the tomb. 游客数以千计排着队看陵墓。

Reading

1.The problem was that the earth became violent because it was not clear

whether the solid shape was to last or not.

这一问题变得越来越不确定，因为这一球体形状是否能够维持尚未明朗。

(1)violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的

a violent language 激烈的语言

a violent storm 猛烈的风暴

a violent 猛攻思维拓展

violence n.［U］

1.暴力，强暴

2.猛烈，剧烈，强烈

(2)whether...or not... “是……还是……”在这里是主语从句,它还可以引导宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和状语从句。

e.g.I don’t know whether he will agree with me.（宾语）

我不知道他是否同意我的观点。

The question is whether he will agree to my proposal.（表语）

问题是他是否同意我的建议。

I have no idea whether he can do it or not.（同位语）

我不知道他是否能做这件事。

2.It exploded loudly with fire and rock,which were in time to produce the water vapour,carbon dioxide,oxygen,nitrogen and other gases,...

球体发生剧烈爆炸，伴有火焰和岩浆，这些最终生成水蒸气、二氧化碳、氧气、氮气及其他气体，……全析提示

whether or not 其后还可跟不定式，构成whether to do or not。

e.g.Whether to go there or not is still a question.

是否去还是个疑问。

在此结构中，whether 不能用if 替换。

explode v.爆发；爆炸

e.g.The bomb fell in a field and exploded. 一颗炸弹落在田野上爆炸了。

At last his anger exploded.最后他发火了。explode with laughter 突然大笑思维拓展

explosion n.

1.［C & U］爆炸；爆发

2.［C］激增；扩大explosive adj.

3.As the earth cooled down,water began to appear on its surface.

在地球冷却的过程中，其表面开始出现水。1.爆炸的;爆发的

2.极易引起争论的

cool vi. & vt. （使）凉快；（使）冷却

e.g.The hot water began to cool.

热水开始冷却。

Cool the drinks,please; put some ice in them. 请把这些饮料弄凉，在里面放些冰。思维拓展

cool adj.凉的，凉快的；（指人）冷淡的，冷漠的：

e.g.She was rather cool towards us.

她对我们相当冷淡。

4.What scientists think is that the earth was different because of the arrival of small plants growing in the water on its surface.

科学家认为,地球与众不同，是因为生活在水中的一些微小植物来到地球表面。

这是一个复杂句式。其中what一词引导的是主语从句。全析提示

what在主语从句中充当宾语。

5.They multiplied and filled the first oceans and seas with oxygen.

地球上的植物细胞增加并使海洋中富含氧气。

(1)multiply vt.& vi.乘;增多，增加

e.g.Multiply 3 by 5.

用五来乘三。

Efficiency would be multiplied several times. 效率将提高好几倍。

Rabbits multiply rapidly. 思维拓展multiplication n.

1.［C］乘法

2.［U］增加，繁殖

兔子繁殖得很快。

(2)fill...with 把装满；用……充满

e.g.He filled the glass with water. 他把玻璃杯倒满水。

It filled his heart with sadness. 这件事使他心里充满悲伤。全析提示

be filled with 充满；挤满

e.g.I am filled with joy.

我内心充满着喜悦。

The streets were filled with people.

街上挤满了人。

6.This encouraged the development of early shellfish and all

sorts of fish.

思维拓展

这促进了早期贝类、鱼类的进化。

development n.［U］发展;冲洗

e.g.With the development of modern agriculture and industry,more and more waste is produced.

随着现代农业和工业的发展，越来越多的废物产生了。

He is engaged in the development of his business.

他正忙于业务发展。

The development of photo films requires a dark room.

冲洗照片底片需要暗房。develop vt.发展，养成；开发；冲洗（胶卷）

e.g.Can you develop this film for us?

你能代我们冲洗这个胶卷吗？

7.They produced young generally by laying eggs. 思维拓展