2017考研英语一八套卷完形填空公开课讲义
2017考研英语一的试卷真题(后附的答案解析详解)
2017年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版SectionⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank andmark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away?The answer may be aresounding"yes!"_____（1）helping you feel close and_____（2）to people you careabout,it turns out that hugs can bring a_____（3）of health benefits to your body andmind.Believe it or not,a warm embrace might even help you_____（4）getting sick this winter.In a recent study_____（5）over 400 healthy adults,researchers from CarnegieMellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social supportand the receipt of hugs_____（6）the participants' susceptibility to developing thecommon cold after being_____（7）to the virus.People who perceived greater socialsupport were less likely to come_____（8）with a cold,and the researchers_____（9）that the stress-reducing effects of hugging_____（10）about 32 percent of thatbeneficial effect._____（11）among those who got a cold,the ones who felt greatersocial support and received more frequent hugs had less severe_____（12）."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the_____（13）risk for coldsthat's usually_____（14）with stress,"notes Sheldon Cohen,a professor of psychologyat Carnegie,Hugging"is a marker of intimacy and help_____（15）the feeling thatothers are there to help_____（16）difficulty."Some experts_____（17）the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging tothe release of oxytocin,often called"the bonding hormone"_____（18）it promotes attachment in relationships,including that between mothers and their newbornbabies.Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain,and some of itis released into the bloodstream.But some of it_____（19）in the brain,where it_____（20）mood,behavior and physiology.1.A．Besides B．Unlike C．Throughout D．Despite2.A．equal B．restricted C．connected D．inferior3.A．view B．Host C．lesson D．choice4.A．avoid B．forget C．recall D．keep5.A．collecting B．affecting C．guiding D．involving6.A．on B．in C．at D．of7.A．devoted B．attracted C．lost D．exposed8.A．along B．across C．down D．out9.A．imagined B．denied C．doubted D．calculated10.A．served B．Restored C．explained D．required11.A．Thus B．Still C．Rather D．Even12.A．defeats B．symptoms C．errors D．tests13.A．Highlighted B．increased C．controlled D．minimized14.A．Presented B．equipped C．associated D．compared15.A．assess B．Generate C．moderate D．record16.A．in the name of B．in the form of C．in the face of D．in the way of17.A．attribute B．commit C．transfer D．return18.A．unless B．because C．though D．until19.A．remains B．emerges C．vanishes D．decreases20.A．experiences B．combines C．justifies D．influencesSectionⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosingA,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.（40 points）Text 1First two hours,now three hours—this is how far in advance authorities arerecommending people show up to catch a domestic flight,at least at some majorU.S.airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return forincreased safety.The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea,provides another tragic reminder of why.But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process.And it should:Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives,not to mention infuriating.Last year,the Transportation Security Administration(TSA)found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons—both fake and real —past airport security nearly every time they tried.Enhanced security measures since then,combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices,have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago's O'Hare International.It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become —but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel,so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line.Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes.Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoidchecked-baggage fees,though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire:Enroll more people in the PreCheck program.PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA.Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes.This allows the TSA to focus on travelers who are higher risk,saving time for everyone involved.TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that,and one big reason is stickershock:Passengers must pay$85 every five years to process their background checks.Since the beginning,this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw.Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level.But Congress should look into doing so directly,by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck laneswhile most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines.It is long past time to make the program work.21.The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to[A]explain American’s tolerance of current security checks.[B]stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[C]highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S.airports.[D]emphasize the importance of privacy protection.22.Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?[A]New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B]The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C]An increase in the number of travellers.[D]Frequent unexpected secret checks.23.The word“expedited”(Liner 4,Para.5)is closet in meaning to[A]quieter.[B]cheaper.[C]wider.[D]faster.24.One problem with the PreCheck program is[A]a dramatic reduction of its scale.[B]its wrongly-directed implementation.[C]the government’s reluctance to back it.[D]an unreasonable price for enrollment.25.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A]Less Screening for More Safety[B]PreCheck–a Belated Solution[C]Getting Stuck in Security Lines[D]Underused PreCheck LanesText 2“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,”wrote Queen Liliuokalani,Hawaii's last reigning monarch,in 1897.Star watchers were among the most esteemed membersof Hawaiian society.Sadly,all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today.Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT),a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea,a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko,that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens.But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes.Rested in the Pacific Ocean,Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere,where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new.A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect far sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers.In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes,they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding the world.They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands'inhabitants.Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past；it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history,too,with roots going back to the dawn of civilization.The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens.Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are,where we come from and where we are going.Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies,as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea.The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact.To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea,old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes andtheir sites returned to a natural state.There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26.Queen Liliuokalani’s remark in Paragraph 1 indicates[A]her conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.[B]the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.[C]the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.[D]her appreciation of star watchers’ feats in her time.27.Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to[A]its geographical features.[B]its protective surroundings.[C]its religious implications.[D]its existing infrastructure.28.The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because[A]it may risk ruining their intellectual life.[B]it reminds them of a humiliating history.[C]their culture will lose a chance of revival.[D]they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29.It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today’s astronomy[A]is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.[B]helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.[C]may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.[D]will eventually soften Hawaiians’hostility.30.The author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of[A]severe criticism.[B]passive acceptance.[C]slight hesitancy.[D]full approval.Text 3Robert F.Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures“everything exceptthat which makes life worthwhile.”With Britain voting to leave the European Union,and GDP already predicted to slow as a result,it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century.Many argue that it is a flawed concept.It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do.By most recent measures,the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western world,with record low unemployment and high growth figures.If everything was going so well,then why did over 17 million people vote forBrexit,despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth intowell-being sheds some light on that question.Across the 163 countries measured,the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens.Rather than just focusing on GDP,over 40 different sets of criteria from health,education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges,there are a number of consistent themes.Yes,there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash,but in key indicators in areas such as health and education,major economies have continued to decline.Yet this isn’t the case with all countries.Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society,income equality and environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn:When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success,the world looks very different.So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations,as a measure,it is no longer enough.It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes–all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth.Butpolicymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.31.Robert F.Kennedy is cited because he[A]praised the UK for its GDP.[B]identified GDP with happiness.[C]misinterpreted the role of GDP.[D]had a low opinion of GDP.32.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that[A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern.[B]the UK will contribute less to the world economy.[C]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK.[D]policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP.33.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study?[A]It excludes GDP as an indicator.[B]It is sponsored by 163 countries.[C]Its criteria are questionable.[D]Its results are enlightening.34.In the last two paragraphs,the author suggests that[A]the UK is preparing for an economic boom.[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline.[C]it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP.[D]it requires caution to handle economic issues.35.Which of the following is the best for the text?[A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being,a UK lesson[B]GDP figures,a Window on Global Economic Health[C]Robert F.Kennedy,a Terminator of GDP[D]Brexit,the UK’s Gateway to Well-beingText 4In a rare unanimous ruling,the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruptionconviction of a former Virginia governor,Robert McDonnell.But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct,which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari Automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr.McDonnell’s trail failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his“official acts,”or the former governor’s decisions on “specific”and“unsettled”issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials,unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials,is not corruption,the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful”and“nasty.”But under anti-bribery laws,proof must be made of concrete benefits,such as approval of a contract or regulation.Simply arranging ameeting,making a phone call,or hosting an event is not an“official act.”The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal.Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution of bribery.“The basic compact underlying representative government,”wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court,“assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives,not the courts,to ensure equality of access to government.Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift.This type of integrity requires will-enforced laws in government transparency,such as records of official meetings,rules on lobbying,and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption.But it is not always corruption.Rather officials must avoid double standards,or different types of access for average people and the wealthy.If connections can be bought,a basic premise of democratic society–that all are equal in treatment by government-is undermined.Good government rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36.The underlined sentence(Para.1)most probably shows that the court[A]avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s duties.[B]made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C]was contemptuous of McDonnell’s conduct.[D]refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.37.According to Paragraph 4,an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves[A]concrete returns for gift-givers.[B]sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C]leaking secrets intentionally.[D]breaking contracts officially.38.The court’s ruling is d on the assumption that public officials are[A]allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[B]qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.[C]justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.[D]exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.39.Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to[A]awaken the conscience of officials.[B]guarantee fair play in official access.[C]allow for certain kinds of lobbying.[D]inspire hopes in average people.40.The author’s attitude toward the court’s ruling is[A]sarcastic.[B]tolerant.[C]skeptical.[D]supportive.Part BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order.For questions 41-45,you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes.Paragraphs B and D have been correctly placed.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.（10 points）[A]The first published sketch,"A Dinner at Polar Walk"brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine From then on his sketches,which appeared under the pen name"Boz" in The Evening Chronicle,earned him a modest reputation.[B]The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers,as it is generally known today,secured Dickens's fame.There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars,and the plump,spectacled hero,Samuel Pickwick,because a national figure.[C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared,a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments,as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the then-famous artist Robert Seymour,who had originated the idea for the story.With characteristic confidence,Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own story instead.After the first installment,Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt,was not faithful enough to his prose.Seymour made the change,went into his backyard,and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide.Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist.The comic novel,The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club,appeared serially in 1836 and 1837 and was first published in book form in 1837.[D]Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and,to many people,the greatest English novelist of the 19th century.A moralist,satirist,and social reformer,Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.[E]Soon after his father's release from prison,Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices.He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament.At the same time,Dickens,who had a reporter's eye for transcribing the life around him,especially anything comic or odd,submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.[F]Dickens was born in Portsmouth,on England's southern coast.His father was a clerk in the British Navy Pay office--a respectable position,but with little social status.His paternal grandparents,a steward and a housekeeper,possessed even less status,having been servants,and Dickens later concealed their background.Dicken's mother supposedly came from a more respectable family.Yet two years before Dicken's birth,his mother's father was caught stealing and fled to Europe,never to return.The family's increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse,a shoe-polish factory,where the other working boys mocked him as"the young gentleman."His father was then imprisoned for debt.The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens's greatest wound and became his deepest secret.He could not confide them even to his wife,although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.[G]After Pickwick,Dickens plunged into a bleaker world.In Oliver Twist,he traces an orphan's progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums ofLondon.Nicholas Nickleby,his next novel,combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick.The popularity of these novels consolidated Dickens' as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for severaldecades.(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequentlyface new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol. (47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages. If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.SectionⅣWriting51 directionsYou are to write an email to James Cook,a newly-arrived Australia professor,recommending some tourist attraction in your city.Please give reasons foryour recommendation.You should write neatly on the answer sheet.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address。
考研英语（一）完型填空真题解析
考研英语（一）完型填空真题解析2017考研英语(一)完型填空真题解析既然选择了远方，便只顾风雨兼程。
2017年考研已经落下了帷幕，以下是店铺搜索整理的关于2017考研英语(一)完型填空真题解析，供参考学习，希望对大家有所帮助!想了解更多相关信息请持续关注我们店铺!从宏观而言，英语一考试难度整体而言与往年持平，沿袭以往保守的出题路线，甚至较往年相比，题目的难度还有所下降。
2017考研英语一的完型填空主题即为首段首句，简直言之，就是“拥抱的好处”，内容好理解，题目也适中，文章中没多少高难度词汇，也没有晦涩难懂的长难句。
万学教育海文考研的强化课程及冲刺课程中均有教授过完型填空的实战做题技巧，即“一个中心、两个基本点”的做题法则，只要你沿袭此做题方法，必定能取得理想的分数。
一个中心：一般完型填空每篇文章240-280个词，首段首句通常不设题目。
换句话说，首段首句即文章中心，这也是海文考研的老师给大家提示的做题心法之一。
那么这篇文章的首段首句为：“Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding “yes!”。
一个拥抱可以让医生远离我吗?答案是一个响亮的“yes!”可能有同学对resounding不太了解，其实大可不必担心，这个词完全不理解我们对于文章主旨的理解，就直接简单地理解为“拥抱好”就好了，同学们要训练这种化复杂为简单的能力。
两个基本点：英语知识运用不仅考查考生对不同语境中规范的语言要素(包括词汇、表达方式和结构)的掌握程度，语言要素就是考查微观;而且还考查考生对语段特征(如连贯性和一致性等)的辨别能力等，这是考查宏观。
微观和宏观考查这就是完型的命题的两个基本点。
宏观考点：宏观考点常考逻辑关系，比如第11题属于典型的逻辑关系的考点，也是我们授课中跟学生们强调的完型四大逻辑关系的重点之并列关系中的递进关系。
若想判断这个空的答案，需要结合上下文方能确定。
2017年英语一完型填空解析
2017年英语一完型填空解析
摘要：
1.2017 年英语一完型填空题目概述
2.题目解析方法与技巧
3.题目答案及解析
正文：
【2017 年英语一完型填空题目概述】
2017 年英语一完型填空题目是一道考查学生语言运用能力的题型，要求学生在理解文章的基础上，从所给的选项中选出最佳答案填入文中的空白处，使文章意义通顺、连贯。
该题型旨在考查学生的词汇、语法、逻辑和阅读理解能力。
本文将对2017 年英语一完型填空题目进行解析，为学生提供一些解题方法和技巧。
【题目解析方法与技巧】
1.快速阅读全文，了解文章大意。
在开始做题之前，先快速浏览全文，了解文章的主题、背景和脉络，为接下来的解题做好铺垫。
2.注意词汇和语法的运用。
完型填空题目要求填入的词既要符合语境，又要符合语法规则。
因此，在解题过程中，要特别注意词汇和语法的运用。
3.利用逻辑关系解题。
完型填空题目中，上下文之间往往存在逻辑关系。
通过分析这些关系，可以帮助我们更好地理解文章，从而找到正确答案。
4.瞻前顾后，前后照应。
在解题过程中，要特别注意上下文之间的联系。
有时，前文的某个信息会对后文的填空产生影响，反之亦然。
因此，在做题时
要瞻前顾后，前后照应。
5.做题时，从四个选项中逐一排除。
首先，排除明显不符合语境的选项；其次，比较剩余选项的语法和词汇，选择最佳答案。
【题目答案及解析】
由于本文无法提供具体的题目和选项，请读者在实际操作中参照2017 年英语一完型填空题目进行解答。
考研英语一真题手译完形填空2017
over 400 healthy adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in
Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs
Hugging "is a marker of intimacy and helps difficulty."
the feeling that others are there to help
4- Some experts
the stress-reducing, health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin,
But some of it
in the brain, where it
mood, behavior and physiology.
分享考研资料，助力考研成功！
researchers
that the stress-reducing effects of hugging
beneficial effect.
with a cold, and the about 32 percent of that
among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent
hugs had less severe
.
分享考研资料，助力考研成功！官方认证店铺：考研资料3- "Hugging protects people who are under stress from the
2017考研英语一完形填空解析
2017考研英语一完形填空解析摘要：1.分析2017考研英语一完形填空题型特点2.解析文章主题及篇章结构3.详解重点难点词汇和句子4.提出解题策略和技巧5.总结全文，给出备考建议正文：一、分析2017考研英语一完形填空题型特点2017考研英语一完形填空题型保持了历年题目的特点，考查考生对英语词汇、语法、句型和篇章结构的理解能力。
文章长度适中，难度稍高，需要考生具备较强的阅读理解和分析能力。
二、解析文章主题及篇章结构2017考研英语一完形填空文章主题为科技与人类生活的关系。
文章通过讲述科技发展如何影响人们的生活方式，强调了科技发展为人类带来的便利和挑战。
文章结构清晰，逻辑性强，有利于考生把握大意。
三、详解重点难点词汇和句子1.词汇：文章中出现了一些重点词汇，如innovation、substitute、inconvenience、propel等，考生应掌握这些词汇的词义及用法。
2.句子：文章中有一些长难句，需要考生具备较强的句子分析能力。
例如：“The development of science and technology has brought aboutsignificant changes in the way we live, and few would deny that our lives have been greatly improved.”这句话为主旨句，表达了文章的主题。
四、提出解题策略和技巧1.快速浏览全文，把握文章主题和大意。
2.分析句子结构，重点关注动词、名词和形容词，推测词汇意义。
3.根据上下文和逻辑关系，判断填空处应填入的词汇。
4.对照选项，分析正确答案的依据。
5.反复阅读，检查答案，确保填空处语义通顺。
五、总结全文，给出备考建议2017考研英语一完形填空题目难度适中，考查了考生的综合英语能力。
要想在完形填空部分取得好成绩，考生需加强词汇、语法和阅读理解能力的训练。
2017年考研英语一完型详解
2017年考研英语一完型详解一、概述2017年考研英语一的完型填空部分难度适中，内容涵盖了各个领域，考查了考生对于词汇、语法、逻辑和语境的理解能力。
下面将针对这一部分进行详细的解析，希望能够对考生们有所帮助。
二、题型特点1. 词汇考查广泛，覆盖面广。
2. 句子结构多样，有时考查非常细微的语法知识点。
3. 短文背景涉及社会、文化、科技等多个领域，考生需具备一定的综合素养。
三、题目解析1. 第一遍阅读时，以理解为主，不理解的地方可暂时跳过。
2. 第二遍重点注意句子结构、逻辑关系，分析空格处应填入的词性和含义。
3. 适当利用上下文的语境信息来帮助理解和答题。
四、解题技巧1. 词汇题：通过上下文推测词义，排除干扰选项。
2. 语法题：注意句子成分、语态、时态等细微差别。
3. 逻辑题：注意语境关系，理清逻辑顺序。
4. 熟悉常考的词汇和句型结构，增加答题把握。
五、练习建议1. 多读英文文章，提高词汇量和阅读速度。
2. 注重词汇和语法的积累和总结，做到知识面广、知识点深。
3. 适当背诵一些经典文章，加深对句子结构和表达方式的理解。
4. 进行模拟题和历年真题的练习，检验复习效果。
六、结语2017年考研英语一完型填空部分考查了考生对于英语词汇、语法和逻辑的综合能力，需要考生在平时的复习中注重积累和总结，加强综合能力的培养。
希望以上解析和建议对考生们有所帮助，祝愿大家取得优异的成绩。
七、题目详解接下来，我们将对2017年考研英语一完型填空部分进行详细的题目解析，希望能够帮助考生们更好地理解和掌握解题技巧。
1. 第一道题目题目内容：__________, people have always sought to predict the future.预测：题目考查了people这个词的前面应该用一个词，用来说明人们追求预测未来的永恒的道理。
解析：空格处应填入词汇"Throughout"。
"Throughout"表示贯穿整个时间或空间范围，符合题意。
2017年考研英语一完形填空真题及答案解析
2017年考研英语一完形填空真题及答案解析2017年考研英语考试已经结束!店铺考研网在考后第一时间为大家提供2017年考研英语一完形填空真题及答案解析，更多考研资讯请关注我们网站的更新!2017年考研英语一完形填空真题及答案解析今天分析一下英语1完形填空。
我们看到这样的情况我听到有同学讲最后答案内容，在顺序上有些差异。
待会儿会最终把答案报一下。
这里看一下整体规律性的内容。
第一文章主题是拥抱能否让你远离疾病，这篇文章可以发现我们一直强调英语1考察，更多的是一个叫准学术话题。
这篇文章是人体身心健康，2001年改成这样的题目来看60%的题目全部考人体身心健康的话题。
反应出了英语1考察方向。
我们一直强调英语1更多针对学术硕士，需要有一些学术阅读能力，所以英语1更多考察准学术话题。
第二出题思路分析，基本来说，这道题目实词占40%，历年英语1平均占67%，上过课的同学知道我是数据控，我喜欢通过数据分析，来找出趋势和做出判断。
所以在这点上来讲实词题，动词部分考了12题，这是今年典型特点，这是过往没有过的，2011年动词考过九题，今年考过12到动词。
这一点文章不难词汇本身难度不大的情况下，动词的考察数量增加，在某种程度上，也是提升了完形填空的难度。
因为动词考察的要求是最高的，不仅仅考察你对单词的认知，更多的考察对于单词的辨析和理解过程，以及上下文搭配。
这是动词考察。
再看虚词。
逻辑词三题，介词两题，和以往数据分析一致。
最后一道题词组。
接下来答案的部分，答案大家可以发现，无论你的版本怎么样的，因为现在已经有同学说版本差异了，一题多卷情况，大家可以发现无论版本差异怎么样的情况，我们20道完形填空题目答案分布规律依然是完美的5A、5B、5C、5D。
15题是B选项而不是D选项。
看A选项，第一道题A选项答案是beside。
第3题是B选项，第5题第四选项。
后面的时候我们公众号也会把具体答案写出来。
8是C，13是B 选项，15题这道是B选项。
2017年考研英语一真题及答案解析
A.Unlike
B.Besides
C.Despite
D.Throughout
第2题
A.connected
B.restricted
C.equal
D.inferior
第3题
A.choice
B.view
C.lesson
D.host
第4题
A.recall
B.forget
C.avoid
D.keep
第5题
In a recent study ___5__ over 400 healthy adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs ___6__ the participants´susceptibility（敏感性）to developing the common cold after being ___7__ to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come ___8__ with a cold, and the researchers __9___ that the stress-reducing effects of hugging ___10__ about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. ___11__ among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe __12___.
2017考研英语真题：完形填空题源解析
2017考研英语真题：完形填空题源解析2017考研英语一完型填空真题来源是2015年的U.S. News & World Report《美国新闻与世界报道》，原标题是The Health Benefits of Hugging。
主题是关于拥抱对于健康的好处，内容贴近生活，节选的片段难度一般。
如果考生考场上有时间做完形填空的话，一般还是可以拿到一半左右的分数的(遗憾的是大多数都是没时间做，因此采用了蒙的战术)。
完型填空确实是满满的套路啊，第一题选了Besides，让步词despite没有选。
其次是对短语的考查第三题a host of大量的，把短语拆开来考不太好识别!但是，这个短语在2012年的阅读真题中就出现过，在文都考研的课堂都是作为考点词汇来讲的哦。
所以，要考研就必须要好好研究学习真题。
以下是考研英语一完型填空的题源，供大家阅读参考：Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!" Besides helping you feel close and connected to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a host of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you avoid getting sick this winter.In a 2015 study involving 404 healthy adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs on the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being exposed to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come down with a cold, and the researchers calculated that the stress-buffering effects of hugging explained 32 percent of that beneficial effect. Even among those who got a cold, those who felt greater social supportand received more frequent hugs had less severe symptoms."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the increased risk for colds [that's] usually associated with stress," notes study lead author Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania. Hugging "is a marker of intimacyand helps generate the feeling that others are there to help in the face of adversity."Some experts attribute the stress-reducing, health-related benefits of hugging to the releaseof oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone" because it promotes attachment in relationships, including between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the hypothalamus in the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream through the pituitary gland. But some of it remains in the brain, where it influences mood, behavior and physiology.How hugging fits in: "When you're hugging or cuddling with someone, [he or she is] stimulating pressure receptors under your skin in a way that leads to a cascade of events including an increase in vagal activity, which puts you in a relaxed state," explains psychologist Tiffany Field, director of the Touch Research Institute at the University of Miami School ofMedicine. One theory is that stimulation of the vagus nerve triggers an increase in oxytocin levels.The hugging and oxytocin release that comes with it can then have trickle-down effects throughout the body, causing a decrease in heart rate and a drop in the stress hormones cortisol and norepinephrine. In a 2011 study of postpartum mothers, researchers at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine in Chapel Hill found that higher oxytocin levels were associated with lower cardiovascular and sympathetic nervous system reactivity to stress. A 2005 study from the University of North Carolina found that premenopausal women who got more frequent hugs from their partners had higher oxytocin levels and lower blood pressure than their peers who didn't get as many hugs.Moreover, in some studies involving animals, "oxytocin has been found to diminish inflammation following acute stroke and cardiac arrest," notes Greg Norman, an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Chicago's Center for Cognitive and Social Neuroscience.There's also some evidence that oxytocin can improve immune function and pain tolerance.A 2010 study from Ohio State University found that couples with more positive communication behaviors have higher levels of oxytocin and they heal faster from wounds. More recently, a 2015 study from King's College in London found that oxytocin has analgesic effects, leading to a reduction in perceived pain intensity and lower pain ratings when participants were subjected to brief radiant heat pulses that were generated by an infrared laser.On the mood front, oxytocin is known to increase levels of feel-good hormones such as serotonin and dopamine, which may be why it has calming effects. "It reduces depression and anxiety, and it may have an effect on attentional disorders," Field says. In fact, a 2010 study from Ohio State University found that when socially-housed animals were treated with a pharmacological agent that inhibited oxytocin signaling, they exhibited an increase in depressive-like behavior.The take-home message: Just because we're in the midst of cold and flu season, there's no reason to keep your distance from people you care about. "Like diet and exercise, you need a steady daily dose of hugging," Field says. But the quality of the hugging counts, too. "If you get a flimsy hug, that's not going to do it," Field says. "You need a firm hug" to stimulate oxytocin release.Getting a firm, feel-good hug before going into a stressful situation (such as giving a presentation at work orgoing for a worrisome medical examination) could even help you stay calm, cool and collected during the event because your oxytocin levels are likely to stay elevated.A 2012 study from The Netherlands found that when oxytocin is administered nasally, saliva levels of the hormone stay high for more than two hours.Of course, you won't actually know if your oxytocin level shoots up with hugging, but don't sweat it. The hug itself is likely to make you feel supported and cared about. "I suggest not worrying too much about the oxytocin portion, since what really matters is how these interactions impact emotional well-being," Norman says. In this case, feeling is as good as believing in the power of oxytocin.。
2017考研英语(一)真题：完形填空题源解析
2017考研英语（一）真题：完形填空题源解析来源：文都教育2017考研英语一完型填空真题来源是2015年的U.S. News & World Report 《美国新闻与世界报道》，原标题是The Health Benefits of Hugging。
主题是关于拥抱对于健康的好处，内容贴近生活，节选的片段难度一般。
如果考生考场上有时间做完形填空的话，一般还是可以拿到一半左右的分数的（遗憾的是大多数都是没时间做，因此采用了蒙的战术）。
完型填空确实是满满的套路啊，第一题选了Besides，让步词despite没有选。
其次是对短语的考查第三题a host of大量的，把短语拆开来考不太好识别！但是，这个短语在2012年的阅读真题中就出现过，在文都考研的课堂都是作为考点词汇来讲的哦。
所以，要考研就必须要好好研究学习真题。
以下是考研英语一完型填空的题源，供大家阅读参考：Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!" Besides helping you feel close and connected to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a host of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you avoid getting sick this winter.In a 2015 study involving 404 healthy adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs on the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being exposed to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come down with a cold, and the researchers calculated that the stress-buffering effects of hugging explained 32 percent of that beneficial effect. Even among those who got a cold, those who felt greater social supportand received more frequent hugs had less severe symptoms."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the increased risk for colds [that's] usually associated with stress," notes study lead author Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania. Hugging "is a marker of intimacy and helps generate the feeling that others are there to help in the face of adversity."Some experts attribute the stress-reducing, health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone" because it promotes attachment in relationships, including between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the hypothalamus in the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream through the pituitary gland. But some of it remains in the brain, where it influences mood, behavior and physiology.How hugging fits in: "When you're hugging or cuddling with someone, [he or she is] stimulating pressure receptors under your skin in a way that leads to a cascade of events including an increase in vagal activity, which puts you in a relaxed state," explains psychologist Tiffany Field, director of the Touch Research Institute at the University of Miami School of Medicine. One theory is that stimulation of the vagus nerve triggers an increase in oxytocin levels.The hugging and oxytocin release that comes with it can then have trickle-down effects throughout the body, causing a decrease in heart rate and a drop in the stress hormones cortisol and norepinephrine. In a 2011 study of postpartum mothers, researchers at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine in Chapel Hill found that higher oxytocin levels were associated with lower cardiovascular and sympathetic nervous system reactivity to stress. A 2005 study from the University of North Carolina found that premenopausal women who got more frequent hugs from their partners had higher oxytocin levels and lower blood pressure than their peers who didn't get as many hugs.Moreover, in some studies involving animals, "oxytocin has been found to diminish inflammation following acute stroke and cardiac arrest," notes Greg Norman, an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Chicago's Center for Cognitive and Social Neuroscience.There's also some evidence that oxytocin can improve immune function and pain tolerance. A 2010 study from Ohio State University found that couples with more positive communication behaviors have higher levels of oxytocin and they heal faster from wounds. More recently, a 2015 study from King's College in London found that oxytocin has analgesic effects, leading to a reduction in perceived pain intensity and lower pain ratings when participants were subjected to brief radiant heat pulses that were generated by an infrared laser.On the mood front, oxytocin is known to increase levels of feel-good hormones such as serotonin and dopamine, which may be why it has calming effects. "It reduces depression and anxiety, and it may have an effect on attentional disorders," Field says. In fact, a 2010 study from Ohio State University found that when socially-housed animals were treated with a pharmacological agent that inhibited oxytocin signaling, they exhibited an increase in depressive-like behavior.The take-home message: Just because we're in the midst of cold and flu season, there's no reason to keep your distance from people you care about. "Like diet and exercise, you need a steady daily dose of hugging," Field says. But the quality of the hugging counts, too. "If you get a flimsy hug, that's not going to do it," Field says. "You need a firm hug" to stimulate oxytocin release.Getting a firm, feel-good hug before going into a stressful situation (such as giving a presentation at work orgoing for a worrisome medical examination) could even help you stay calm, cool and collected during the event because your oxytocin levels are likely to stay elevated. A 2012 study from The Netherlands found that when oxytocin is administered nasally, saliva levels of the hormone stay high for more than two hours.Of course, you won't actually know if your oxytocin level shoots up with hugging, but don't sweat it. The hug itself is likely to make you feel supported and cared about. "I suggest not worrying too much about the oxytocin portion, since what really matters is how these interactions impact emotional well-being," Norman says. In this case, feeling is as good as believing in the power of oxytocin.。
2017考研英语1完型填空
考研英语1完型填空深度解析与备考策略 The year 2017 marked another milestone in the journey of postgraduate entrance examination in China, especiallyin the realm of English examination. The Completion of Sentences section, often referred to as the Cloze Test, is a crucial component that challenges the examinee's grasp of vocabulary, grammar, and contextual understanding. This article aims to delve into the intricacies of the 2017 Postgraduate Entrance Examination English 1 Completion of Sentences section, offering insights into its content, structure, and key takeaways for future aspirants.**Content Analysis**The 2017 Completion of Sentences section was a blend of classic and contemporary themes, reflecting a balanced approach towards testing the candidates' knowledge of both traditional and modern English. The passage was rich in vocabulary, incorporating a mix of high-frequency words and less common yet important terms. This diversity ensuredthat the candidates were tested not just on their vocabulary recall but also on their ability to infer meanings from context.The grammar structures were also diverse, covering a range of sentence types, including complex sentences, compound sentences, and simple sentences. This variety tested the candidates' proficiency in recognizing and manipulating sentence structures effectively.**Key Takeaways**1. **Vocabulary Mastery**: The importance of a robust vocabulary cannot be overstated. Candidates must focus on expanding their vocabulary, especially by learning high-frequency words and their various meanings.2. **Contextual Understanding**: Understanding the context is crucial in the Completion of Sentences section. Candidates should practice reading passages and understanding their overall meaning before attempting the cloze questions.3.**Sentence Structure Analysis**: Familiarity with different sentence structures is essential. Candidates shouldpractice analyzing sentence structures and understanding how they contribute to the overall meaning of the passage. **Preparation Strategies**1. **Regular Vocabulary Practice**: Regular practice with vocabulary-building activities such as word games,flashcards, and reading can help candidates improve their vocabulary recall and retention. 2. **Reading Comprehension Training**: Reading regularly and practicing comprehension skills can help candidates develop a strong understandingof context, essential for effective completion of sentences.3. **Sentence Structure Analysis**: By practicing with sentence structure exercises, candidates can familiarize themselves with different sentence patterns and learn to identify them quickly during the examination.**Conclusion**The 2017 Postgraduate Entrance Examination English 1 Completion of Sentences section was a comprehensive test of the candidates' language proficiency. By analyzing its content and structure, candidates can gain valuableinsights into the requirements of the exam and develop targeted preparation strategies. By focusing on vocabulary mastery, contextual understanding, and sentence structure analysis, candidates can enhance their chances of successin this challenging section.**考研英语1完型填空深度解析与备考策略**2017年对于中国的考研旅程而言是一个里程碑式的年份，尤其是在英语考试方面。
2017年考研英语真题答案及解析
of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a 你相信与否，在这个冬天，一个温暖的拥抱甚至能让你远
warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this 离疾病。
winter.
3.[A] host 许多；一大群 [B] view 观点 [C] lesson 教训 [D] choice 选择 【答案】A 【考点】固定搭配。 【解析】a host of 表示“许多，大量”，与 health benefits（对于健康的益处）搭配最符合题意，即“拥抱会给健康 带来许多益处”。
4.[A] recall 回想；召回 [B] forget 遗忘
再根据该固定搭配所衔接的 a cold（感冒）即可判断出本题的答案是选项[C] down 向下。
9.[A] imagined 想象 [B] denied 拒绝 [C] doubted 怀疑
[D] calculated 计算
【答案】D 【考点】动词辨析。 【解析】本空应填动词的主语是 the researchers（研究人员）；本空之后衔接的是宾语从句 that the stress-reducing effects of hugging __10__ about 32 percent of that beneficial effect,说明了拥抱的有益效果，句中还出现 了具体数据。综合这些线索判断，最佳答案是选项[D] calculated 计算，即“研究人员计算出拥抱能够产生有益效 果的具体数据”。
本文选自 US News 杂志“ The Health Benefits of Hugging”一文，讲述拥抱对人类健康的影响。与往年相似，
2017年考研英语一完形填空
2017年考研英语一完形填空Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be aresounding "yes!" 1 helping you feel close and 2 to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this winter.In a recent study 5 over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6 the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7 to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8 with a cold, and the researchers 9 that the stress-reducing effects of hugging 10 about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12 ."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for colds that's usually 14 with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging "is a marker of intimacy and helps 15 the feeling that others are there to help 16 difficulty."Some experts 17 the stress-reducing, health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone" 18 it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior andphysiology.1.[A]Unlike [B]Besides [C]Despite [D]Throughout2.[A]connected [B]restricted [C]equal [D]inferior3.[A]choice [B]view [C]lesson [D]host4.[A]recall [B]forget [C]avoid [D]keep5.[A]collecting [B]involving [C]guiding [D]affecting6.[A]of [B]in [C]at [D]on7.[A]devoted [B]exposed [C]lost [D]attracted8.[A]across [B]along [C]down [D]out9.[A]calculated [B]denied [C]doubted [D]imagined10.[A]served [B]required [C]restored [D]explained11.[A]Even [B]Still [C]Rather [D]Thus12.[A]defeats [B]symptoms [C]tests [D]errors13.[A]minimized [B]highlighted [C]controlled [D]increased14.[A]equipped [B]associated [C]presented [D]compared15.[A]assess [B]moderate [C]generate [D]record16.[A]in the face of [B]in the form of [C]in the way of [D]in the name of17.[A]transfer [B]commit [C]attribute [D]return18.[A]because [B]unless [C]though [D]until19.[A]emerges [B]vanishes [C]remains [D]decreases20.[A]experiences [B]combines [C]justifies [D]influences 【答案】1-5 BADCB 6-10 DBCAD 11-15 ABDBC 16-20 ACACD。
2017年考研英语(一)试题及解析
2017年考研英语（一）试题及解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!" ___1__ helping you feel close and __2___to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a ___3__ of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you __4___ getting sick this winter.In a recent study ___5__ over 400 healthy adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs ___6__ the participants' susceptibility（敏感性）to developing the common cold after being ___7__ to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come ___8__ with a cold, and the researchers __9___ that the stress-reducing effects of hugging ___10__ about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. ___11__ among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe __12___."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the ___13__ risk for colds that's usually __14___ with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging "is a marker of intimacy and helps __15___ the feeling that others are there to help ___16__difficulty."Some experts ___17__ the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin（后叶催产素）, often called"the bonding hormone" __18___ it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it___19__ in the brain, where it __20___ mood, behavior and physiology.1. [A]Besides [B]Unlike [C]Throughout [D]Despite2. [A]equal [B]restricted [C]connected [D]inferior3. [A]view [B]host [C]lesson [D]choice4. [A]avoid [B]forget [C]recall [D]keep5. [A]collecting [B]affecting [C]guiding [D]involving6. [A]on [B]in [C]at [D]of7. [A]devoted [B]attracted [C]lost [D]exposed8. [A]along [B]across [C]down [D]out9. [A]imagined [B]denied [C]doubted [D]calculated10. [A]served [B]restored [C]explained [D]required11. [A]Thus [B]Still [C]Rather [D]Even12. [A]defeats [B]symptoms [C]errors [D]tests13. [A]highlighted [B]increased [C]controlled [D]minimized14. [A]presented [B]equipped [C]associated [D]compared15. [A]assess [B]generate [C]moderate [D]record16. [A]in the name of [B] in the form of [C] in the face of [D] in the way of17.[A]attribute [B]commit [C]transfer [D]return18.[A]unless [B]because [C]though [D]until19.[A]remains [B]emerges [C]vanishes [D]decreases20.[A]experiences [B]combines [C]justifies [D]influencesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours, now three hours —this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing toolittle security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration(TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons —both fake and real —past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago's O'Hare International. It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become —but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travelers who are higher risk, saving time for everyone involved. TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock: Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to____[A] explain American’s tolerance of current security checks.[B] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[C] highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. airports.[D] emphasize the importance of privacy protection.22. Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?[A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C] An increase in the number of travellers.[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks.23. The word “expedited”(Liner 4, Para. 5) is closet in meaning to____[A] quieter.[B] cheaper.[C] wider.[D] faster.24. One problem with the PreCheck program is____[A] a dramatic reduction of its scale.[B] its wrongly-directed implementation.[C] the government’s reluctance to back it.[D] an unreasonable price for enrollment.25. Which of the following would be the best for the text?[A] Less Screening for More Safety[B] PreCheck –a Belated Solution[C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines[D] Underused PreCheck LanesText 2“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,”wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii's last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the mostesteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect far sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands' inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past；it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that firstbrought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26. Queen Liliuokalani’s remark in Paragraph 1 indicates____[A] her conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.[B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.[C]the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.[D] her appreciation of star watchers’feats in her time.27. Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to____[A] its geographical features.[B] its protective surroundings.[C] its religious implications.[D] its existing infrastructure.28. The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because____[A] it may risk ruining their intellectual life.[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history.[C] their culture will lose a chance of revival.[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today’s astronomy____[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.[C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians’hostility.30. The author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of____[A] severe criticism.[B] passive acceptance.[C] slight hesitancy.[D] full approval.Text 3Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures “everything except that which makes life worthwhile.”With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and miss things that do. By most recent measures, the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western World, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so so well, then why did over17million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvement for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDR over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a morerounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of consistent themes. Yes, there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but in key indicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued to decline. Yet this isn't the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society; income equality and the environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success, the world looks very different.So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough. It does not include important factors such as environmental equality or education outcomes - all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth. But policymaker who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.31. Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he_____[A]praised the UK for its GDP.[B]identified GDP with happiness.[C]misinterpreted the role of GDP.[D]had a low opinion of GDP.32. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that____[A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern.[B]the UK will contribute less to the world economy.[C]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK.[D]policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP.33. Which of the following is true about the recent annual study?[A]It excludes GDP as an indicator.[B]It is sponsored by 163 countries.[C]Its criteria are questionable.[D]Its results are enlightening.34. In the last two paragraphs, the author suggests that____[A]the UK is preparing for an economic boom.[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline.[C]it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP.[D]it requires caution to handle economic issues.35. Which of the following is the best??for the text?[A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being, a UK lesson[B]GDP figures, a Window on Global Economic Health[C] Robert F. Kennedy, a Terminator of GDP[D]Brexit, the UK’s Gateway to Well-beingText 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari Automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell’s trail failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his “official acts,”or the former governor’s decisions on “specific”and “unsettled”issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful”and “nasty.”But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an“official act.”The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution of bribery. “The basic compact underlying representative government,”wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court, “assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requireswill-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society –that all are equal in treatment by government- is undermined. Good government rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruptionand official favoritism.36. The underlined sentence(Para.1) most probably shows that thecourt____[A] avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s duties.[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C] was contemptuous of McDonnell’s conduct.[D] refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.37. According to Paragraph 4, an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves____[A] concrete returns for gift-givers.[B] sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C] leaking secrets intentionally.[D] breaking contracts officially.38. The court’s ruling is d on the assumption that public officials are__[A] allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[B] qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.[C] justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.[D] exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.39. Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to___[A] awaken the conscience of officials.[B] guarantee fair play in official access.[C] allow for certain kinds of lobbying.[D] inspire hopes in average people.40. The author’s attitude toward the court’s ruling is____[A] sarcastic.[B] tolerant.[C] skeptical.[D] supportive.Part BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered box. Paragraphs B and D have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A]The first published sketch, "A Dinner at Poplar Walk" brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine. From then on his sketches ,which appeared under the pen name "Boz" in The Evening Chronicle, earned him a modest reputation.[B]The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers, as it is generally known today, secured Dickens's fame. There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick, became a national figure.[C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the ten-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own story instead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, went into his backyard, and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic novel, The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, appeared serially in 1836 and 1837, and was first published in book form in 1837.[D]Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and, to many people, the greatest English novelist of the 19th century. A moralist, satirist, and social reformer. Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.[E]Soon after his father's release from prison, Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices. He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament. At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporter's eye for transcribing the life around himespecially anything comic or odd, submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.[F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England's southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British navy pay office -a respectable position, but wish little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dicken's mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dicken's birth, his mother's father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family's increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as "the young gentleman." His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dicken's greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.[G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. In Oliver Twist, e traces an orphan's progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums of London. Nicholas Nickleby, his next novel, combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of these novels consolidated Dichens' as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.D →41. →42. →43. →44. →B →45.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleakeconomic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote thelearning and use of English,a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment.That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.46、But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and use of English,a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment.Section III WritingPart A51.directionYou are to write an email to James Cook,a newly-arrived Australia professor,recommending some tourist attraction in your city .Please give reason for your recommendation.You should write nearly on the answer/sheet.Dot not sign your own name at the end of the email .use "li ming"instead Do not write the address.(10 points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following pictures. In y essay. You should1) describe the pictures briefly.2) interpret the meaning,and3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)。
2017年考研英语一试卷真题(后附答案详解).doc
2017年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版SectionⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank andmark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away?The answer may be aresounding"yes!"_____（1）helping you feel close and_____（2）to people youcare about,it turns out that hugs can bring a_____（3）of health benefits to your bodyand mind.Believe it or not,a warm embrace might even help you_____（4）gettingsick this winter.In a recent study_____（5）over 400 healthy adults,researchers from CarnegieMellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social supportand the receipt of hugs_____（6）the participants' susceptibility to developing thecommon cold after being_____（7）to the virus.People who perceived greater socialsupport were less likely to come_____（8）with a cold,and the researchers_____（9）that the stress-reducing effects of hugging_____（10）about 32 percent of that beneficial effect._____（11）among those who got a cold,the ones who felt greatersocial support and received more frequent hugs had less severe_____（12）."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the_____（13）risk forcolds that's usually_____（14）with stress,"notes Sheldon Cohen,a professor ofpsychology at Carnegie,Hugging"is a marker of intimacy and help_____（15）thefeeling that others are there to help_____（16）difficulty."Some experts_____（17）the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of huggingto the release of oxytocin,often called"the bonding hormone"_____（18）it promotes attachment in relationships,including that between mothers and their newbornbabies.Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain,and some of itis released into the bloodstream.But some of it_____（19）in the brain,whereit_____（20）mood,behavior and physiology.1.A．Besides B．Unlike C．Throughout D．Despite2.A．equal B．restricted C．connected D．inferior3.A．view B．Host C．lesson D．choice4.A．avoid B．forget C．recall D．keep5.A．collecting B．affecting C．guiding D．involving6.A．on B．in C．at D．of7.A．devoted B．attracted C．lost D．exposed8.A．along B．across C．down D．out9.A．imagined B．denied C．doubted D．calculated10.A．served B．Restored C．explained D．required11.A．Thus B．Still C．Rather D．Even12.A．defeats B．symptoms C．errors D．tests13.A．Highlighted B．increased C．controlled D．minimized14.A．Presented B．equipped C．associated D．compared15.A．assess B．Generate C．moderate D．recordB．in the form of C．in the face of D．in the way of16.A．in the nameof17.A．attribute B．commit C．transfer D．return18.A．unless B．because C．though D．until19.A．remains B．emerges C．vanishes D．decreases20.A．experiences B．combines C．justifies D．influencesSectionⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosingA,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.（40 points）Text 1First two hours,now three hours—this is how far in advance authorities arerecommending people show up to catch a domestic flight,at least at some majorU.S.airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return forincreased safety.The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downedover the Mediterranean Sea,provides another tragic reminder of why.But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process.And it should:Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives,not to mention infuriating.Last year,the Transportation Security Administration(TSA)found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons—both fake and real —past airport security nearly every time they tried.Enhanced security measures since then,combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices,have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago's O'Hare International.It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become —but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel,so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line.Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes.Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees,though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire:Enroll more people in the PreCheck program.PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA.Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes.This allows the TSA to focus on travelers who are higher risk,saving time for everyone involved.TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that,and one big reason is stickershock:Passengers must pay$85 every five years to process their background checks.Since the beginning,this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw.Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level.But Congress should look into doing so directly,by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines.It is long past time to make the program work.21.The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to[A]explain American’s tolerance of current security checks.[B]stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[C]highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S.airports.[D]emphasize the importance of privacy protection.22.Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?[A]New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B]The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C]An increase in the number of travellers.[D]Frequent unexpected secret checks.23.The word“expedited”(Liner 4,Para.5)is closet in meaning to[A]quieter.[B]cheaper.[C]wider.[D]faster.24.One problem with the PreCheck program is[A]a dramatic reduction of its scale.[B]its wrongly-directed implementation.[C]the government’s reluctance to back it.[D]an unreasonable price for enrollment.25.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A]Less Screening for More Safety[B]PreCheck–a Belated Solution[C]Getting Stuck in Security Lines[D]Underused PreCheck LanesText 2“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,”wrote QueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii's last reigning monarch,in 1897.Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society.Sadly,all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today.Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT),a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea,a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko,that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens.But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerfultelescopes.Rested in the Pacific Ocean,Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere,where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new.A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect far sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers.In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes,they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding the world.They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands'inhabitants.Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past；it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history,too,with roots going back to the dawn of civilization.The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens.Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are,where we come from and where we are going.Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies,as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea.The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact.To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea,old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state.There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26.Queen Liliuokalani’s remark in Paragraph 1 indicates[A]her conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.[B]the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.[C]the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.[D]her appreciation of star watchers’ feats in her time.27.Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to[A]its geographical features.[B]its protective surroundings.[C]its religious implications.[D]its existing infrastructure.28.The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because[A]it may risk ruining their intellectual life.[B]it reminds them of a humiliating history.[C]their culture will lose a chance of revival.[D]they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29.It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today’s astronomy[A]is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.[B]helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.[C]may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.[D]will eventually soften Hawaiians’hostility.30.The author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of[A]severe criticism.[B]passive acceptance.[C]slight hesitancy.[D]full approval.Text 3Robert F.Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures“everything except that which makes life worthwhile.”With Britain voting to leave the European Union,and GDP already predicted to slow as a result,it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century.Many argue that it is a flawed concept.It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do.By most recent measures,the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western world,with record low unemployment and high growth figures.If everything was going so well,then why did over 17 million people vote forBrexit,despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question.Across the 163 countries measured,the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated intomeaningful improvements for its citizens.Rather than just focusing on GDP,over 40 different sets of criteria from health,education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges,there are a number of consistent themes.Yes,there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash,but in key indicators in areas such as health and education,major economies have continued to decline.Yet this isn’t the case with all countries.Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society,income equality and environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn:When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success,the world looks very different.So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations,as a measure,it is no longer enough.It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes–all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth.But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.31.Robert F.Kennedy is cited because he[A]praised the UK for its GDP.[B]identified GDP with happiness.[C]misinterpreted the role of GDP.[D]had a low opinion of GDP.32.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that[A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern.[B]the UK will contribute less to the world economy.[C]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK.[D]policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP.33.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study?[A]It excludes GDP as an indicator.[B]It is sponsored by 163 countries.[C]Its criteria are questionable.[D]Its results are enlightening.34.In the last two paragraphs,the author suggests that[A]the UK is preparing for an economic boom.[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline.[C]it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP.[D]it requires caution to handle economic issues.35.Which of the following is the best for the text?[A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being,a UK lesson[B]GDP figures,a Window on Global Economic Health[C]Robert F.Kennedy,a Terminator of GDP[D]Brexit,the UK’s Gateway to Well-beingText 4In a rare unanimous ruling,the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor,Robert McDonnell.But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct,which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari Automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr.McDonnell’s trail failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his“official acts,”or the former governor’s decisions on“specific”and“unsettled”issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials,unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials,is not corruption,the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful”and“nasty.”But under anti-bribery laws,proof must be made of concrete benefits,such as approval of a contract or regulation.Simply arranging a meeting,making a phone call,or hosting an event is not an“official act.”The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal.Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution of bribery.“The basic compact underlying representative government,”wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court,“assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives,not the courts,to ensure equality of access to government.Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift.This type of integrity requires will-enforced laws in government transparency,such as records of official meetings,rules on lobbying,and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption.But it is not always corruption.Rather officials must avoid double standards,or different types of access for average people and the wealthy.If connections can be bought,a basic premise of democratic society–that all are equal in treatment by government-is undermined.Good government rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36.The underlined sentence(Para.1)most probably shows that the court[A]avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s duties.[B]made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C]was contemptuous of McDonnell’s conduct.[D]refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.37.According to Paragraph 4,an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves[A]concrete returns for gift-givers.[B]sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C]leaking secrets intentionally.[D]breaking contracts officially.38.The court’s ruling is d on the assumption that public officials are[A]allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[B]qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.[C]justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.[D]exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.39.Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to[A]awaken the conscience of officials.[B]guarantee fair play in official access.[C]allow for certain kinds of lobbying.[D]inspire hopes in average people.40.The author’s attitude toward the court’s ruling is[A]sarcastic.[B]tolerant.[C]skeptical.[D]supportive.Part BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order.For questions 41-45,you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes.Paragraphs B and D have been correctly placed.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.（10 points）[A]The first published sketch,"A Dinner at Polar Walk"brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine From then on his sketches,which appeared under the pen name"Boz" in The Evening Chronicle,earned him a modest reputation.[B]The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers,as it is generally known today,secured Dickens's fame.There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars,and the plump,spectacled hero,Samuel Pickwick,because a national figure.[C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared,a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments,as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the then-famous artist Robert Seymour,who had originated the idea for the story.With characteristic confidence,Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own story instead.After the first installment,Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt,was not faithful enough to his prose.Seymour made the change,went into his backyard,and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide.Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist.The comic novel,The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club,appeared serially in 1836 and 1837 and was first published in book form in 1837.[D]Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and,to many people,the greatest English novelist of the 19th century.A moralist,satirist,and social reformer,Dickenscrafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.[E]Soon after his father's release from prison,Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices.He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament.At the same time,Dickens,who had a reporter's eye for transcribing the life around him,especially anything comic or odd,submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.[F]Dickens was born in Portsmouth,on England's southern coast.His father was a clerk in the British Navy Pay office--a respectable position,but with little social status.His paternal grandparents,a steward and a housekeeper,possessed even less status,having been servants,and Dickens later concealed their background.Dicken's mother supposedly came from a more respectable family.Yet two years before Dicken's birth,his mother's father was caught stealing and fled to Europe,never to return.The family's increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse,a shoe-polish factory,where the other working boys mocked him as"the young gentleman."His father was then imprisoned for debt.The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens's greatest wound and became his deepest secret.He could not confide them even to his wife,although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.[G]After Pickwick,Dickens plunged into a bleaker world.In Oliver Twist,he traces an orphan's progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums ofLondon.Nicholas Nickleby,his next novel,combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick.The popularity of these novels consolidated Dickens' as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for severaldecades.(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol. (47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages. If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.SectionⅣWriting51 directionsYou are to write an email to James Cook,a newly-arrived Australia professor,recommending some tourist attraction in your city.Please give reasons foryour recommendation.You should write neatly on the answer sheet.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address。
2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题答案详解
2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题答案详解注意：英语试卷为花卷，以答案内容进行核对（完整版）万学海文教研中心英语教研室Section I Use of English1、【答案】[B] Besides【解析】此处考察上下文的逻辑关系。
上文改写俗语，大意为拥抱可以使医生远离我们，即不得病，为积极含义，空后大意为：_______使你感觉与别人亲近并_______，所以也是积极含义，并同为拥抱的好处，因此选择B选项besides除了……之外还有……，A选项unlike不同于与D选项despite尽管均为转接，故排除，C选项throughout贯穿语义不通顺，故答案为[B] Besides。
2、【答案】[C] connected【解析】此处考察近义词复现，该空前有and，说明所填词汇英语close（亲近的）形成同义复现关系，并且所选词汇应搭配介词同，因此答案为C选项connected有关联的。
A选项equal平等的，B选项restricted限制的，C选项inferior低劣的，虽然都可以搭配to，但不能和close同义复现，故答案为[C] connected。
3、【答案】[A] host【解析】此处考察词义辨析。
该从句含义为：拥抱可以给你的身心健康带来_____好处。
A host of为固定搭配，表示许多的，大量的，在此处语义和搭配均吻合，所以为正确答案。
View观点，视野，lesson教训，choice选择放在此处语义不通。
4、【答案】[C] avoid【解析】此处考察词义辨析。
该句含义为：温暖的拥抱在冬天可以帮助你______生病。
根据语义，不难确定此处需要“避免”“防止”的词，并且后面搭配动名词，故答案为C选项avoid避免。
Recall使回想，召集，forget忘记，keep (doing)一直做，均不吻合句义。
【解析】此处考察词义辨析。
该句含义为：在一项______四百多健康成年人的研究中，研究者观察到……Collecting收集，一般不接人做宾语；affecting影响，guiding引导，均不符合科学研究类文章语境。
2017考研英语完形填空解析
2017考研英语完形填空解析十月已过半，同学们对于考研英语的复习应该查缺补漏注意多学一些答题技巧。
下面是整理的解析，希望对大家有所帮助。
重视完型填空中的词汇基础完型填空其实就是一个两百多个单词量的阅读，既然是阅读就离不开词汇的积累、辨析及使用等。
词汇的辨析和使用占完型出题量的百分之六、七十左右，是最重的部分。
所以，考前词汇的准备对完型填空显得尤为重要。
完型考查的不是那些所谓很难、很偏的词。
大纲所要求的词汇量本身就是一个大学生应该掌握的基本词汇，在这些词汇中重点用来考完型的不过在一千五、六百个单词左右，这些词汇绝大部分都是考生们已经认识的普通词汇。
但是，在记忆和复习这些词汇时，应该注意归纳，对于形似的词汇进行对比式记忆。
例如：consider v.①认为，把......看作②考虑，细想③体谅，照顾;considerable a.①相当大(或多)的②值得考虑的;considerate a。
体谅人的，考虑周到的;consideration n.[U]①考虑，思考②体谅，照顾③需要考虑的事，理由。
在复习的过程中可以把形似的单词归类成一组一组的。
这种学习方法不但可以帮助你减少混淆的可能，而且也在加强记忆的同时提高了学习效率。
如果有些同学适合于这种记忆和学习方式，还可以提高学习英语的兴趣和信心。
另外，我们要知道完型填空题的重点不会放在考查其大概意思上，而是考查考生对该词汇掌握的"深度"。
在词汇的意义上，由于大部分英文词汇为多意，完型填空注重对词汇意义的全面考查，而不仅限于该词的主要意义。
除了词汇的意义，完型填空近年来越来越注重对词汇用法的考查，特别是词汇的搭配使用。
所以老师提醒大家，对词汇的准备应地放在对词汇的"深度"扩展上。
熟知完型填空中的阅读技巧从某种意义上讲，完型填空与阅读理解之间的关系最密切。
实际上，完型填空的第一关便是阅读理解，或者说阅读理解是完型填空测试的一部分内容，所检测的阅读理解能力渗透在每一小题的解题过程中。
【考研】2017年考研英语一试题及答案解析
2017年考研英语一试题及答案解析Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!"_____（1）helping you feel close and _____（2）to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a _____（3）of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you _____（4）getting sick this winter.In a recent study _____（5）over 400 healthy adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs_____（6）the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being_____（7）to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come_____（8）with a cold, and the researchers_____（9）that the stress-reducing effects of hugging _____（10）about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. _____（11）among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe_____（12）."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the _____（13）risk for colds that's usually _____（14）with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie, Hugging " is a marker of intimacy and help _____（15）the feeling that others are there to help_____（16）difficulty."Some experts_____（17）the stress-reducing, health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone"_____（18）it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it _____（19）in the brain, where it _____（20）mood, behavior and physiology.1. A．Besides B．Unlike C．Throughout D．Despite2. A．equal B．restricted C．connected D．inferior3. A．view B．host C．lesson D．choice4. A．avoid B．forget C．recall D．keep5. A．collecting B．affecting C．guiding D．involving6. A．on B．in C．at D．of7. A．devoted B．attracted C．lost D．exposed8. A．along B．across C．down D．out9. A．imagined B．denied C．doubted D．calculated10.A．served B．restored C．explained D．required11.A．Thus B．Still C．Rather D．Even12.A．defeats B．symptoms C．errors D．tests13.A．highlighted B．increased C．controlled D．minimized14.A．presented B．equipped C．associated D．compared15.A．assess B．generate C．moderate D．record16. A．in the name of B．in the form of C．in the face of D．in the way of17.A．attribute B．commit C．transfer D．return18.A．unless B．because C．though D．until19.A．remains B．emerges C．vanishes D．decreases20.A．experiences B．combines C．justifies D．influences1A．BesidesB．UnlikeC．ThroughoutD．Despite【答案】A【解析】根据本句句内逻辑关系，“it turns out that hugs…”说明拥抱还有其他结果。
【考研】2017年考研英语一试题及答案解析
2017年考研英语一试题及答案解析Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!"_____（1）helping you feel close and _____（2）to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a _____（3）of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you _____（4）getting sick this winter. In a recent study _____（5）over 400 healthy adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs_____（6）the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being_____（7）to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come_____（8）with a cold, and the researchers_____（9）that the stress-reducing effects of hugging _____（10）about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. _____（11）among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe_____（12）."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the _____（13）risk for colds that's usually _____（14）with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie, Hugging " is a marker of intimacy and help _____（15）the feeling that others are there to help_____（16）difficulty."Some experts_____（17）the stress-reducing, health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone"_____（18）it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it _____（19）in the brain, where it _____（20）mood, behavior and physiology.1. A．Besides B．Unlike C．Throughout D．Despite2. A．equal B．restricted C．connected D．inferior3. A．view B．host C．lesson D．choice4. A．avoid B．forget C．recall D．keep5. A．collecting B．affecting C．guiding D．involving6. A．on B．in C．at D．of7. A．devoted B．attracted C．lost D．exposed8. A．along B．across C．down D．out9. A．imagined B．denied C．doubted D．calculated10.A．served B．restored C．explained D．required11.A．Thus B．Still C．Rather D．Even12.A．defeats B．symptoms C．errors D．tests13.A．highlighted B．increased C．controlled D．minimized14.A．presented B．equipped C．associated D．compared15.A．assess B．generate C．moderate D．record16. A．in the name of B．in the form of C．in the face of D．in the way of17.A．attribute B．commit C．transfer D．return18.A．unless B．because C．though D．until19.A．remains B．emerges C．vanishes D．decreases20.A．experiences B．combines C．justifies D．influences1A．BesidesB．UnlikeC．ThroughoutD．Despite【答案】A【解析】根据本句句内逻辑关系，“it turns out that hugs…”说明拥抱还有其他结果。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
一. 完形填空整体介绍：1.完形填空历年考察的效率（表格）。
2.完形填空解题核心和复习思路。
---- 以主旨为导向，以逻辑为准绳，段落为战场，以选项分析为武器。
---- 阅读是做题的基础，逻辑是判断的依据，切勿看一空做一空，需瞻前顾后。
3.完形填空的发展方向。
以考察文章发展脉络和理解为主，同时考察核心词的运用，同义词辨析越来越少。
二. 八套卷完型样题讲解及思路展示以第四套及第七套文章为纲展示核心考点：1. 第四套文章行文模式：英语一重点形式完型填空常见行文模式：1). 现象描述+现象说明（正反）（09，16）2). 实验研究的设想/结果+实验过程及分析+总结/意义(08, 09,10,11,13,15)3).提出问题+分析问题+解决方案及建议（06,12,14）2. 涉及解题技巧及考点：逻辑一致核心成分分析+选项分析同义选项同形选项（第一段）Ellie is a psychologist, and a damned good one at that. Smile in a certain way, and she knows 1what your smile means. 2 a nervous tic or tension in an eye, and she instantly 3 on it. She listens to what you say, 4 every word, works out the meaning of your 5 , your tone, your posture, everything. She is at the 6 of her game but, according to a new study, her greatest 7 is that she is not human.1. A. precisely B. delicately C. accurately D. particularly2. A. Reveal B. Develop C. Burst D. Deliver3. A. stays up B. picks up C. checks up D. holds up4. A. disposes B. resolves C. processes D. executes6. A. cross B. termination C. topD. milestone7. A. asset B. capital C. resource D. property5. A. vibration B. pause C. omission D. pitch同义词原则：第五套：In 2014，eight 2 ten women prisoners were 3 for non-violent 4 , compared with seven in ten male prisoners.3. A. jailedB. captivated C. charged D. accused4. A. offences B. attacks C. behaviours D. responses四个同义词：第五套：Another 13 is that female prisoners are trickier to manage because they are more likely to14 from mental illness: in 2015 26% of them (and 16% of male inmates) had had a psychiatric 15 before going to prison. A third 16 is that female jails are less crowded, so unruly prisoners are easier to spot.15. A. admission B. confession C. allowance D. consent逻辑一致（逻辑核心考点）：第二套：Festivals are good for musicians: they can get bigger audiences with fewer performances, 17 boring and expensive tour 18 .17. A. adding up to B. going in for C. tying in with D. cutting down on18. A. instruments B. agents C. schedules D. programs2009年真题：we believe that 15animals ran the labs, they would test us to 16 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really17，not merely how much of it there is.16. [A] moderate [B] overcome [C] determine [D] reach2011年真题：Although sadness also ____14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __15___ muscular responses.1114．[A]exhausts [B]follows [C]precedes [D]suppresses2016年真题：Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife's parents and may__12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby.12. A. deal B. part C. grow D. live（第二段）When faced with tough or potentially 8 questions, people often do not tell doctors what they need to hear. （长难句难题）Yet the researchers behind Ellie, 9 by Jonathan Gratch at the Institute for Creative Technologies, in Los Angeles, 10 from their years of 11 human interactions with computers that people might be more willing to talk if 12 with an avatar. To test this idea, they put 239 people 13 Ellie to have a chat with her about their lives. Half were told they would be interacting with an artificially intelligent 14 human; the others were told that Ellie was a bit like a 15 , and was having her strings pulled remotely by a person.8. A. exaggerating B. embarrassing C. aggressing D. offending9. A. created B. guided C. led D. hoisted10. A. suspected B. retrospected C. perceived D. prospected11. A. supervising B. monitoring C. surveilling D. detecting12. A. exposed B. confronted C. encountered D. presented13. A. in face of B. in line with C. in back of D. in front of14. A. fake B. artificialC. virtual D. dummy15. A. puppet B. gadget C. phantom D. superstition核心成分分析：Some countries did not 31 enough food; basic needs in housing and clothing were not 32 .32. A) answered B) met C) calculated D) remembered2012英语一真题：When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it ___16___ is inescapablypolitical-which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily ___17___ as unjust.16. A. excludes B. questions C. shapes D. controls同形词（词根词缀）：08：The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time.A. inefficientB. incompetentC. ineffectiveD. insufficient第六套：That 10 friends, such as employees, bottlers and distributors, as well as the restaurants, cinemas, shops and sports stadiums that 11 their products.10. A. precludes B. concludes C. excludes D. includes（第三段）This quality of encouraging openness and honesty, Dr Gratch believes, will be of particular value in 16 the psychological problems of soldiers—a view 17 by America’s Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency, which is helping to pay for the project. Soldiers place a 18 on being tough, and many avoid seeing psychologists at all 19. That means conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder, to which military men and women are particularly prone, often get dangerous 20 they are caught.16. A. determining B. estimating C. appraising估价D. assessing17. A. raised B. shared C. evaluated D. fascinated18. A. priority B. principle C. payment D. premium19. A. expenses B. prices C. costs D. values20. A. before B. after C. as D. once第七套：1. 说明文，解释说明现象2. 涉及解题技巧及考点：反义词原则逻辑词辨析总分对照从句引导词补充修饰成分线索（第一段）While coal production and use dropped significantly in America, in Europe “we have some kind of golden age of coal,”says Anne Sophie Corbeau of the International Energy Agency. The amount of electricity 1 from coal is rising at an annual 2 of 50% in some European countries. Since coal is the 3 polluting source of electricity, with more greenhouse gas produced per KWH(千瓦时) than any other fossil fuel, this is 4 to European environmental aspirations. 5 did it happen?1. A. generated B. manufactured C. provided D. derived2. A. proportion B. rate C. percentage D. ratio3. A. more B. less C. least D. most4. A. corresponding B. paradoxical C. contrary D. similar5. A. What B. When C. How D. Where补充修饰成分线索：2006：Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are 17 programs that address the many needs of the homeless.17. [A] complex [B] comprehensive [C] complementary [D] compensating10. Studies dating back to th e 1930’s indicate that laughter__8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.8．[A]hardens [B]weakens [C]tightens [D]relaxes从句引导词：第六套：Fizzy drink companies 8 Ms. Nestle describes as an extraordinarily broad team of allies are skilled at escaping from 9 at regulation.8. A. which B. what C. when D. where14年英语一真题：We suddenly can't remember ___1___ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance's name, or the name of an old band we used to love.1. [A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why15年英语一真题：Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is 1 a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has 2 .1. [A] what [B] why [C] how [D] when2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised（第二段）As American utilities 6 into gas, American coal miners had to 7 for new markets. This happened when slowing Chinese demand was pushing down world coal prices, which make European utilities 8 buyers. Compared with the rock-bottom price of gas in America, coal is not 9 thatcheap. But it is a 10 compared with the gas price in Europe. 11 gas can be carted around in liquid form, that is expensive and the infrastructure required is still patchy; for the most part, gas is shifted through pipelines, and tends to be used 12 to where it originates. So 13 coal has world-market prices, gas has regional prices, often 14 in one way or another to the oil price. Many European gas contracts were 15 years ago with the Russian gas giant, Gazprom, and gas prices have 16 high. Gazprom has said it will cut prices, but that may make little difference.6. A. shifted B. transformed C. adjusted D. reshaped7. A. turn B. explore C. look D. pursue8. A. quick B. acceptable C. pleasant D. pleased9. A. much B. all C. so D. such10. A. miracle B. substitute C. discount D. bargain11. A. Because B. Although C. As D. Whether12. A. close B. related C. intimate D. attached13. A. providing B. whereas C. after D. wherever14. A. determined B. combined C. linked D. listened15. A. terminated B. eliminated C. abolished D. negotiated16. A. persisted B. lain C. survived D. stayed总分对照考点：第六套：Drinking a lot of sweet fizzy drinks is 4 unhealthy. Unlike a Big Mac, they have no nutritional 5 ; nor do their calories 6 hunger. One large study found that for each could be added to a person’s daily diet, the risk of diabetes 7 by 22%. There are also links between sugar and heart disease, stroke and cancer.4. A. hardly B. absolutely C. visibly D. plainly5. A. element B. worth C. value D. component6. A. fulfill B. modify C. satisfy D. relieve7. A. fell B. jumped C. glided D. kept逻辑词辨析：第八套：Walter Schloss was by no means a celebrity. He was never a face on financial television programs, 1 was he known for marketing his skills to investors.A. neitherB. butC. notD. norIn 1999, when his portfolio（证券投资）was composed of everything no one wanted, he was asked how, 17 his own convictions were unshaken, he could ensure that his investors 18 with him.17. A. as if B. before C. even if D. until第五套;In 2014，eight 2（介词）ten women prisoners were 3 for non-violent 4 , compared with seven in ten male prisoners.Behind bars, 5 , a different trend emerges.5. A. indeed B. therefore C. despite D. however第六套：Coca-Cola and PepsiCo are peddling healthier drinks, such as bottled water. 18, as they try to face down a long-term threat while 19 near-term profits, they are still 20 their syrupy fare.18. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Meanwhile D. However19. A. retaining B. maintaining C. protesting D. opposing20. A. paying B. pulling C. provoking D. pushing第三段：So coal is cheaper than gas in Europe and is 17 to remain so, partly because Europe’s domestic gas industry is many years 18 America’s and partly because it will take time for Europe to build an infrastructure to import 19 natural gas in large amounts. Power utilities in Germany were set, 20, to lose €11.70 when they burned gas to make a MW(兆瓦特) of electricity, but to earn €14.22 per MW when they burned coal.17. A. possible B. likely C. feasible D. lovely18. A. behind B. before C. below D. beyond19. A. watery B. liquidated C. liquid D. fluid20. A. on average B. at any price C. on the contrary D. at stake。