LINUX下安装软件方法命令方法

6) 执行“makeclean”删除安装时产生的临时文件。

7) 运行应用程序：一般来说，Linux的应用软件的可执行文件会存放在/usr/local/bin目录下！不过这并不是“放四海皆准”的真理，最可靠的还是看这个软件的 INSTALL和README文件，一般都会有说明。

8) 卸载：通常软件的开发者很少考虑到如何卸载自己的软件，而tar又仅是完成打包的工作，所以并没有提供良好的卸载方法。有两个软件能够解决这个问题，那就是Kinstall和Kife，它们是tar包安装、卸载的黄金搭档

5.rpm包：

1) 操作系统：RedHat(Red Hat/Fedora)

2) 常见的安装包格式 rpm包,安装rpm包的命令是“rpm -参数”

3) 包管理工具 yum

4) 支持tar包

5.1rpm命令

安装： rpm –ivh 软件包名.rpm( -I 安装软件，-t测试安装，不是真的安装，-p显示安装进度，-f忽略任何错误，-U升级安装，-v检测套件是否正确安装)

卸载： rpm –e 软件名（注意使用的是软件名，而不是软件包名）

查询：查询当前系统安装的软件包： rpm –qa ‘*软件包名*’

rpm description

rpm -Uvh

packages(s).rpm

install/upgrade package file(s)

rpm -e package emove package

rpm -qa '*spell*'show all packages whose names contain the word spell and already installed in system

rpm -q package show version of package installed rpm -q -i package show all package metadata

rpm -q -i -p

package.rpm

show all package file's metadata rpm -q -f /path/file what package does file belong rpm -q -l package list where files were installed

rpm -e package emove package

rpm -qa '*spell*'show all packages whose names contain the word spell and already installed in system

rpm -q package show version of package installed

rpm -q -i package show all package metadata

rpm -q -i -p

package.rpm

show all package file's metadata

rpm -q -f /path/file what package does file belong

rpm -q -l package list where files were installed

rpm -q -l -p

package.rpm

list where files would be installed

rpm2cpio

package.rpm | cpio

-id

extract package files to current directory

rpm -q --requires

package

list files/packages that package needs

rpm -q --whatrequires package list packages that need package (see also whatrequires)

5.2yum命令

yum Description

yum update [package list]upgrade specified packages (or all installed packages if none specified)

yum install install latest version of package(s), Yum refreshes each time it's used

yum remove

remove specified packages from system yum list [package

list]

list available packages from repositories

6.deb包：

1) 操作系统：Debian系列(Ubuntu)

2) 常见的安装包格式 deb包,安装deb包的命令是“dpkg -参数”

3) 包管理工具apt-get

4) 支持tar包

6.1dpkg命令

安装： dpkg –i 软件包名.deb

卸载： dpkg –e 软件名

查询：查询当前系统安装的软件包： dpkg –l ‘*软件包名*’

dpkg description

dpkg -Gi package

(s).deb

install/upgrade package file(s)

dpkg -r

package

emove package

dpkg -l

'*spell*' show all packages whose names contain the word spell and already installed in system

dpkg -l

package

show version of package installed dpkg -s

package

show all package metadata

dpkg -I

package.deb

show all package file's metadata

dpkg -S /path/

file

what package does file belong

dpkg -L

package

list where files were installed

dpkg -c

package.deb

list where files would be installed dpkg -x

package.deb

extract package files to current directory dpkg -s package |

grep ^Depends:

list files/packages that package needs

dpkg --purge --dry-run package list packages that need package (see also whatrequires)

6.2apt-get命令