初中英语派生词归纳大全备课讲稿
初中英语中考复习词汇派生规律及重点词汇总(共14类)
中考英语词汇派生规律及重点词一、名词变形容词(一)名词+-y结尾1.fog 雾—foggy有雾的2.health 健康—healthy 健康的3.luck 幸运—lucky 幸运的4.cloud 云—cloudy 多云的5.wind 风—windy 有风的6.rain 雨—rainy 多雨的7.snow 雪—snowy 下雪的8.sun 太阳—sunny 阳光灿烂的9.sleep 睡觉—sleepy 昏昏欲睡的10.taste 口味—tasty 美味的11.noise 噪音—noisy 吵闹的12.fun 娱乐—funny 滑稽的13.ice 冰—icy 覆盖着冰的(二)名词+-ly结尾1.friend 朋友—friendly 友好的2.month 月—monthly 每月的3.love 爱—lovely 可爱的4.week 周—weekly 每周的5.day 天—daily 每日的(三)名词加-ful/-less(包含变y为i加-ful)1.beauty 漂亮—beautiful 漂亮的2.cheer 欢呼—cheerful 欢乐的3.pain 疼—painful 疼痛的4.wonder 奇迹—wonderful 美妙的5.colour 颜色—colourful 多彩的6.peace 和平—peaceful 和平的7.home 家—homeless 无家可归的8.success 成功—successful 成功的9.end 结束—endless 无尽的10.power 力量—powerful 强有力的e 用—useful 有用的—useless 无用的12.help 帮助—helpful 有益的—helpless 无助的13.harm 害处—harmful 有害的—harmless 无害的14.care 照顾—careful 细心的—careless 粗心的15.hope 希望—hopeful 有希望的—hopeless 无希望的16.meaning 意义—meaningful 有意义的—meaningless 无意义的(四)名词+-al结尾1.medicine 药—medical 医学的2.nature 自然—natural 自然的3.society 社会—social 社会的; 社交的4.person 人—personal 私人的5.nation 民族—national 国家的6.tradition 传统—traditional 传统的7.centre 中心—central 中心的cation 教育—educational 教育的; 有教育意义的9.music 音乐—musical音乐的(五)名词加-ese/-n/-ish/-ch/-ian/-an(表某国的)1.China中国—Chinese 中国的2.Japan日本—Japanese 日本的3.India印度—Indian 印度的亚洲—Asian 亚洲的5.Africa非洲—African 非洲的6.America美国—American 美国的7.Britain英国—British 英国的8.Spain西班牙—Spanish 西班牙的9.England英格兰—English 英语的10.France法国—French 法国的11.Australia澳大利亚—Australian 澳大利亚的12.Canada加拿大—Canadian 加拿大的13.Europe欧洲—European 欧洲的(六)名词加-ous变形容词1.danger—dangerous 危险的2.humor—humorous 幽默的(七)名词加-e(r)n变形容词1.east—eastern 东部的2.gold—golden 金色的3.wood—wooden 木制的4.west—western西部的5.south—southern 南部的6.north—northern 北部的(八)名词加-able变形容词(含去-e)1.fashion—fashionable时髦的2.value—valuable有价值的3.knowledge—knowledgeable知识渊博的(九)其他1.death 死—dead 死的2.pleasure愉快—pleasant/pleased高兴的3.pride骄傲—proud 自豪的4.illness 病; 疾病—ill 有病的; 不健康的5.height 高度—high 高的6.foreigner 外国人—foreign 外国的7.truth 真相—true 真实的二、名词变名词1.art 艺术—artist 艺术家; 画家2.tour 观光—tourist 游客(visitor/traveller)3.science 科学—scientist 科学家4.village 村庄—villager 村民5.friend 朋友—friendship 友谊6.business 商业—businessman 男商人/businesswoman 女商人7.music 音乐—musician 音乐家8.magic 魔术—magician 魔术师9.piano 钢琴—pianist 钢琴家10.violin 小提琴—violinist 小提琴家三、动词变名词(一)动词+-er结尾1.drive 驾驶—driver 驾驶员; 司机2.teach 教—teacher 老师3.work 工作—worker 工人4.write 写—writer 作家5.report 报道—reporter 记者6.win 赢—winner 获胜者7.own 拥有—owner 拥有者; 主人8.manage 经营—manager 经理ugh 笑—laughter 笑声10.make 制作—maker 生产者11.paint 画画—painter 画家12.lead 领导—leader 领导者13.climb 攀登—climber 登山者(二)动词+-or结尾1.act 扮演—actor 男演员; 演员2.visit 参观—visitor 观光者3.invent 发明—inventor 发明家4.collect 收藏—collector 收藏者; 收藏家5.direct 引导—director 导演(三)动词+-ress结尾1.act 扮演—actress 女演员2.wait 等待—waitress 女服务员(四)动词+-ment结尾1.agree 同意—agreement 同意2.develop 发展—development 发展3.excite 激动—excitement 激动4.achieve 取得—achievement 成就5.move 移动—movement 移动(五)动词+-tion/sion结尾1.collect 收集—collection 收集2.discuss 讨论—discussion 讨论cate 教育—education 教育4.decide 决定—decision 决定5.operate 动手术—operation 手术6.instruct 指导—instruction 指导; 用法说明7.invent 发明—invention 发明8.suggest 建议—suggestion 建议9.invite 邀请—invitation 邀请10.pollute 污染—pollution 污染11.pronounce 发音—pronunciation 发音12.protect 保护—protection 保护13.introduce 介绍—introduction 介绍(六)动词+-ing 结尾1.begin 开始—beginning 开始2.build 建造—building 大楼3.paint 画—painting 绘画4.greet 打招呼—greeting 招呼5.train 训练—training 训练6.meet 会面—meeting 会议7.mean 意思—meaning 意义8.open 打开—opening 开幕式9.say 说—saying 谚语10.feel 感觉—feeling 感情(七)动词+其他1.able 能够—ability能力2.act 行动—activity 活动3.choose 选择—choice选择4.cook做饭—cooker 炊具5.die 死—death 死亡6.fly 飞—flight 飞行; 航班7.know 知道—knowledge 知识8.please 使高兴—pleasure 愉快9.produce 生产—product 产品10.advise 劝告—advice 忠告; 建议11.serve 服务—service 服务12.speak 讲—speech 演讲13.sit 坐—seat 座位14.succeed 成功—success 成功15.tour 旅游—tourist 游客16.weigh 称重—weight 重量17.discover 发现—discovery 发现四、动词变形容词(一)动词加-ful1.care关心—careful 关心的2.forget忘记—forgetful 健忘的3.help帮助—helpful 有益的4.thank感谢—thankful 感激的e使用—useful 有用的6.wonder想知道—wonderful 极好的(二)动词加-able(包含去e加-able)1.enjoy欣赏—enjoyable 有乐趣的2.suit适合—suitable 合适的fort安慰—comfortable 舒服的4.avail利用—available 可获得的5.believe相信—believable 令人相信的6.reuse再使用—reusable可重复使用的7.change改变—changeable可改变的(三)动词加-ed/-ing(包含去e加-ed/-ing)1.amaze使惊愕—amazed 大为惊奇的—amazing 令人惊喜的2.bore使厌烦—bored 烦闷的—boring 无聊的3.excite使激动—excited 激动的—exciting 令人激动的4.frighten使惊吓—frightened 惊吓的—frightening 骇人的5.interest使感兴趣—interested 感兴趣的—interesting 有趣的6.relax使放松—relaxed 放松的—relaxing 令人放松的7.develop发展—developed 发达的—developing 发展中的8.surprise使惊奇—surprised 吃惊的—surprising 令人吃惊的9.tire厌倦—tired疲倦的—tiring 令人困倦的(四)动词加-ive(包含去e加-ive)1.act表演—active 积极的2.create创造—creative 有创造力的(五)动词加前缀a-1.live活着—alive 活着的2.sleep睡觉—asleep 睡着的3.wake醒—awake 醒的(六)动词词尾变y为i加-ed1.worry担心—worried 担心的2.marry结婚—married 已婚的3.satisfy使满意—satisfied 满意的(七)特殊情况1.die死亡—dead 死的2.lose丢失—lost 丢失的3.sleep睡觉—sleepy 困倦的4.speak说话—spoken 口语的5.taste品尝—tasty 美味的6.break打破—broken 破损的五、形容词变名词(一)形容词加-ness(包含变y为i加-ness)1.busy忙碌的—business 商业2.ill有病的—illness 疾病3.happy幸福的—happiness 幸福4.sad悲伤的—sadness 悲伤5.sick有病的—sickness 疾病6.kind善良的—kindness 善良7.careless粗心的—carelessness 粗心8.weak弱的—weakness 弱点(二)以t结尾的形容词变t为ce1.confident自信的—confidence 信心2.different不同的—difference 不同点3.patient耐心的—patience 耐心4.silent安静的—silence 安静5.important重要的—importance 重要性(三)特殊情况1.wide宽阔的—width 宽度2.safe安全的—safety 安全3.able有能力的—ability 能力4.true真实的—truth 真相5.difficult困难的—difficulty 困难6.high高的—height 高度六、形容词变副词(一)形容词+ly1.bad 坏的—badly 坏地; 严重地2.bright 明亮的—brightly 明亮地3.clear 清楚的—clearly 清楚地4.correct 正确的—correctly 正确地5.final 最后的—finally 最后6.general 一般的—generally 一般来讲7.loud 大声的—loudly 大声地8.polite 礼貌的—politely 有礼貌地9.proper 恰当的—properly 合适地10.main 主要的—mainly 主要地11.most 多数—mostly 多半, 大多数12.quick 快的—quickly 快地13.quiet 安静的—quietly 安静地14.real 真的—really 真正地15.recent 最近的—recently 最近te 迟的—lately 最近; 近来17.sad 难过的—sadly 悲哀地18.slow 慢的—slowly 慢慢地19.normal 正常的—normally 正常地20.sudden 突然的—suddenly 突然地21.soft 柔软的—softly 轻柔地ual 平常的—usually 平常地23.brave 勇敢的—bravely 勇敢地24.beautiful 漂亮的—beautifully 漂亮地plete 完全的—completely 完全地26.excited 激动的—excitedly 激动地27.rapid 快的—rapidly 快地28.wise 明智的—wisely 明智地29.direct 直接的—directly 直接地30.wide 宽的—widely 广泛地31.serious 严肃的—seriously 严肃地; 认真地32.warm 温暖的—warmly温暖地33.safe 安全的—safely 安全地34.strange 奇怪的—strangely 奇怪地35.strong 强壮的—strongly强壮地(二)以(l)e结尾的去e+y1.possible 可能的—possibly 可能地2.simple 简单的—simply 仅仅; 只; 简单地3.terrible 可怕的—terribly 可怕地4.true 真实的—truly 真实地fortable 舒服的—comfortably舒服地(三)辅音字母+y变ily1.easy 容易的—easily 容易地2.heavy 重的—heavily沉重地3.happy 幸福的—happily快乐地4.angry 生气的—angrily 生气地5.hungry 饥饿的—hungrily 饥饿地6.lucky 幸运的—luckily 幸运地7.noisy 嘈杂的—noisily 嘈杂地8.healthy 健康的—healthily 健康地七、否定前缀(一)形容词加前缀un-1.able能够—unable 不能2.friendly友好的—unfriendly 不友好的3.fair公平的—unfair 不公平的4.happy高兴的—unhappy 不高兴的5.necessary必要的—unnecessary 不必要的6.pleasant令人愉快的—unpleasant 令人不愉快的7.popular受欢迎的—unpopular 不欢迎的ual平常的—unusual 不寻常的9.lucky幸运的—unlucky 不幸运的fortable舒服的—uncomfortable 不舒服的(二)形容词加前缀im-(只放于以m、p开头的词前)1.possible可能的—impossible 不可能的2.polite礼貌的—impolite 不礼貌的3.patient耐心的—impatient 没有耐心的(三)动词前加前缀dis-1.appear出现—disappear 消失2.cover覆盖—discover 发现3.like喜欢—dislike 不喜欢八、需双写最后一个字母变现在分词/过去式的动词1.begin 开始—beginning2.cut 切—cutting3.drop 掉—dropping—dropped4.plan 计划—planning—planned5.run 跑—running6.sit 坐下—sitting7.shop 购物—shopping—shopped8.stop 停止—stopping—stopped9.shut 关闭—shutting10.swim 游泳—swimming11.win 赢—winning12.control 控制—controlling—controlled 13.cancel 取消—cancelling—cancelled14.regret 后悔—regretting—regretted15.forget 忘记—forgetting16.put 放—putting17.fit 适合; 合身—fitting—fitted18.hug 拥抱—hugging—hugged19.dig 挖—digging20.hit 打; 击—hitting21.nod 点头—nodding—nodded22.set 设置—setting23.prefer 更喜欢—preferring—preferred九、双写最后一个字母再加-er/-est变比较级/最高级的形容词和副词1.wet—wetter—wettest 潮湿的2.mad—madder—maddest 生气的3.sad—sadder—saddest 伤心的4.hot—hotter—hottest 热的5.slim—slimmer—slimmest 苗条的6.thin—thinner—thinnest 稀薄的; 瘦的7.fat—fatter—fattest 胖的8.big—bigger—biggest 大的十、不规则形容词/副词的比较级、最高级1.good—better—best 好的2.little—less—least 少的3.far—farther/further—farthest/furthest 远4.bad/badly/ill—worse—worst坏/严重地/生病的5.many/much—more—most 许多十一、加-es构成动词第三人称单数形式的动词1.pass—passes 通过2.catch—catches 抓住3.match—matches 和……搭配4.reach—reaches 到达5.search—searches 搜寻6.teach—teaches 教7.watch—watches 观看8.brush—brushes 刷9.finish—finishes 完成10.rush—rushes 冲11.push—pushes 推12.punish—punishes 惩罚13.wash—washes 洗14.wish—wishes 希望十二、加-es构成复数的名词1.tomato—tomatoes 西红柿2.potato—potatoes 土豆3.hero—heroes 英雄4.boss—bosses 老板5.class—classes 班级6.glass—glasses 眼镜7.box—boxes 箱子8.fox—foxes 狐狸9.beach—beaches 沙滩10.coach—coaches 教练11.speech—speeches 演讲12.sandwich—sandwiches 三明治13.match—matches 比赛14.watch—watches 手表15.dish—dishes 盘16.wish—wishes 愿望17.brush—brushes 刷子18.church—churches 教堂19.bus—buses 公共汽车20.dress—dresses 连衣裙十三、将f或fe改为v加-es构成复数的名词1.half—halves 一半2.leaf—leaves 树叶3.shelf—shelves 架子4.wolf—wolves 狼5.knife—knives 刀6.life—lives 生命7.scarf—scarves/scarfs 围巾8.wife—wives 妻子十四、复数变化不规则的名词1.foot—feet 脚2.fisherman—fishermen 渔民3.tooth—teeth 牙齿4.mouse—mice 老鼠5.gentleman—gentlemen 绅士6.child—children 孩子7.man—men 男士8.woman—women 女士9.fireman—firemen 消防员10.policeman—policemen 男警察11.postman—postmen 男邮递员12.salesman—salesmen 男售货员13.sheep—sheep 绵羊14.fish—fish/fishes 鱼15.Chinese—Chinese 中国人16.Japanese—Japanese 日本人17.Englishman—Englishmen 英国男士18.Frenchwoman—Frenchwomen 法国女士。
派生词——精选推荐
派⽣词派⽣词派⽣法(derivation)是英语主要的构词法。
这⽅法是借前缀或后缀之助,制造出派⽣词(derivative words),主要有名词、形容词和动词三种。
前缀以否定前缀(negative prefixes)un-, in-, im-, il-, ir-, non-, dis-, mis-, mal-等为主,使延伸出来的派⽣词变成反义词。
Ⅰ名词派⽣词Balance→imbalance;pleasure→displeasure;management→ mismanagement;efficiency→inefficiency;concern→unconcern ;literacy→illiteracy;resolution→irresolution;interference→noninterference;nutrition→malnutrition.Ⅱ形容词派⽣词Accurate→inaccurate;patient→impatient. regular→ irregular;legal→illegal;native→non-native;orderly→disorderly;common→uncommon.Ⅲ动词派⽣词Agree→disagree;judge→misjudge;treat→maltreat;activate→inactivate;use→ill-use;mobilize→immobilize;manage→mismanage;quote→unquote.除了否定前缀之外,其他常⽤的前缀还有anti-, auto-, bi-, co-, counter-, de-, ex-, inter-, mono-, post, pre-, pro-, re-, sub-, super-, trans-, tri-, ultra-等。
例如:anti-government(反政府);auto-intoxication(⾃我迷醉);bilateral(双边的);coexistence(共存);counter-argument (反建议);de-emphasize(不强调);ex-president (前任会长);international(国际间的);monolingual(单语的);post-war (战后的);precaution(预先防备);pro-China(⽀持中国);re-state(重述);subhuman(低于⼈类的);superimpose(加在上⾯);trans-atlantic(横跨⼤西洋的);triangle(三⾓);ultra-smart(超能的)。
(完整版)初中英语派生词归纳大全
一、动词→名词1.动词+ -ercook→cookerdance→dancerdrive→driverlead→leaderlearn→learnerlisten→listenermanage→managerplay→playerread→readerreport→reporterrun→runnersing→singerspeak→speakerswim→swimmerteach→teachertravel→travelerwait→waiterwin→winnerwork→workerwrite→writer2.动词+ -oract→actordirect→directorinvent→inventorvisit→ visitor3.动词+-tionattend→attentioncelebrate→celebration communicate→communication congratulate→congratulation direct→directioneducate→educationexplain→explanation introduce→introduction invent→inventioninvite→invitationpollute→pollutionprepare→preparation pronounce→pronunciation protect→protectionsuggest→suggestion4.动词+ -sion decide→decisiondiscuss→discussionexpress→expression5.动词+ -mentachieve→achievementagree→agreementdevelop→development6.动词+ -ressact→actresswait→waitress7.动词+ -thbear→birthbreathe →breathgrow→growth8.特例live→lifesave→safeweigh→weightfly→flighthigh→heightchoose→choiceserve→serviceknow→knowledgespeak→speechdiscover→dicoveryplease→pleasurelaugh→laughter二、动词→形容词1.动词+ -fulcare→carefulhelp→helpfulthank→thankfuluse→usefulwonder→wonderful2.动词+ -ing/-edamaze→amazing→amazed bore→boring→boredexcite→exciting→excited interest→interested→interested relax→relaxing→relaxed satisfy→satisfied→satisfying surprise→surprising→surprised tire→tired→tiring3. a- +动词live→alivewake→awakesleep→asleep4.动词+ -able believable→believable comf ort→comfortable enjoy→enjoyable value→valuable5.动词+ -tiveact→activeattract→attractive6.特例die→deadfill→full三、名词→名词1.名词+ -istart→artistpiano→pionist science→scientisttour→tuoristviolin→violinist2.名词+ -an (n. & adj.) America→American Asia→AsianCanada→Canadian Europe→European India→Indian Australia→Australian Russia→Russian3.名词+ -achehead→headache stomach→stomcachache tooth→toothache4.名词+ -ianmagic→magician music→musician physics→physician5. 特例crime→criminal Germany→German四、名词→形容词1.名词+ -ycloud→cloudydirt→tirty fun→funnyhealth→healthyice→icyluck→luckynoise→noisyrain→rainysalt→saltyshine→shinysleep→sleepysnow→snowysunny→sunnywind→windy2.名词+ -lyday→dailyweek→weeklylove→lovelyfriend→friendly3.名词+ -fulbeauty→beautifulcolor→colorful success→successful harm→harmful4.名词+ -lesscare→carelesshome→homeless meaning→meaningless use→useless5.名词+ -ernsouth→southernnorth→northernwest→westerneast→eastern southeast→southeastern northeast→northeastern southwest→southwestern northwest→northwestern 6.名词+ -alcentre→central education→educational medicine→medical music→musicalnation→national nature→naturalperson→personalphysics→physical tradition→traditional7.名词+ -ousdanger→dangerousfame→famoushumor→humorous8.名词+ -enwood→woodengold→golden8.特例talent→talentedFrance→Frenchpride→proudfool→foolishBritain→BritishEngland→English五、名词→动词advice→advisefood→feedlife→livesale→sell六、形容词→名词1.形容词+ -erforeign→foreignerown→ownerstrange→stranger2.形容词+ -nessfair→fairnesshappy→happinessill→illnesssad→sadness3.形容词+ -tydifficult→difficultysafe→safetyactive→activity4.形容词-t改为-ce different→difference important→importance independent→independence silent→silence5.形容词+ -thtrue→truthdead→deathwarm→warmth 6.特例able→abilitypopular→popularitypride→proudsafe→save七、形容词→副词1.形容词+ -lybeautiful→beautifullycareful→carefullycertain→certainlycheap→cheaplyclear→clearlyfinal→finallygreat→greatlylate→latelyloud→loudlynormal→normallypolite→politelyquick→quicklyquiet→quietlyrecent→recentlysafe→safelyserious→seriouslyslow→slowlystrong→stronglysudden→suddenlyusual→usuallywide→widelywonderful→wonderfully2.形容词-y结尾y变i+ -lyangry→angrilyeasy→easilyhappy→happilyheavy→heavilylucky→luckily3.形容词-e结尾去e+ -lycomfortable→comfortablypossible→possiblyprobable→probablysimple→simplyterrible→terriblytrue→truly(to be continued)原形加前缀dis-/ un-/im-表否定disableddisagreedisappeardiscoverdislikedishonestdisagreedisadvantageuneasyunbelievableuncrowdedunexpectedunfairunhappyunknownunluckyunusualimpossibleimpolite(to be continued)九、加前缀re-表“再,重复”tell→retellbuild→rebuildwrite→rewriteuse→reuse十、加前缀inter-表“相互”internationalinterviewInternet十一、加前缀tele-表示“远”远telephonetelevision十二、加前缀kilo-表“千”kilometer/kilometrekilogram十三、加前缀mid-表“中间的”mid-autumnmidnightmid-term(the end)。
中考英语复习之构词法(派生法)课件
-ion
例词 farmer, weaver, pain-killer, murderer, villager, speaker, cooker, recorder, engineer actress, waitress, princess, hostess conductor, sailor, transistor, operator, Beggar Chinese, Portuguese, Japanese musician, Egyptian, physician scientist, dentist, communist, assistant argument, judgment, government happiness, greatness, illness, coldness, sleeplessness action, decision, creation
bi 两个
bicycle, biennial两年一次的
tri 三个
triangle三角形, tricycle三轮脚踏车,
triplets三胞胎
mul- 多,多种
multiply, multi-national, multi-colored
kilo- 千
kilometer, kilogram
6
后缀 -er/eer
develop v. 发展 --- development n.发展
3
前缀
前缀 aendisun-
inimir-
含义 处在…… 使可能 不,否定 不 做相反动作
不,非
例词 arise, aside, alone enrich, enable, enslave dissatisfy, dishonest, disappear, disorder, unable, unknown, uncommon, uncomfortable, unfair, unclose, undress, uncover, untie inactive, incapable, inpatient, incorrect impossible, impersonal, impolite, immature, impractical irregular, irresponsible illogical,
英语派生词归纳
派生词(derivation )加前缀:happy --- un happy 加后缀: develop --- develop ment 既加前缀又加后缀: employ ---un employ ment常见的否定前缀unhappy, unnecessary, unexpected, unusual, ,加在形容词或副词前不,未(= not) un-mistake, misfortune,不幸 misunderstanding 误解加在名词、动词或及其派生词前表示错、误mis-discharge,排出 dismiss 解雇 加在名词或动词前表示分离剥夺除去dislike, disbelieve加在动词前表示相反dishonour,羞辱 加在名词或形容词前表示否定dis-相反动作incomplete, impossible. impolite, irregular, inability, 加在形容词或其派生的名词或副词前不, 非, 无in- ,il-im-,ir-uncover, untie, unlock, undress 加在动词前例 词用 法意 义前 缀anti- 相反,相互对立加在名词、形容词、动词前 antiwar 反战的antipathy 反感antithesis 对立;反论antibacterial 抗菌的antibody 抗体antisocial 反社会的de-表示"去掉,变坏,离开,变慢,向下"等加在名词前deforest 砍伐森林devalue 降低价值decode 破译detrain 下火车degrade 降级ill- 不 加在名词、形容词前 虐待ill-treat 信息不足的ill-informed不礼貌的ill-mannered non-表示”不,非”加在名词、形容词、副词或作形容词的分词上nonexistent a.不存在的nonsmoking a.不准吸烟的nonstop a.直达的表示时间和其他关系的前缀superpower,超级大国,superstructure 上层建筑midday, midnight interchange, international 加在名词前(= above, over, upon)加在名词前(= middle)加在名词、形容词前构成动词(= between, among)表示:高级、在之上表示:中间表示:“互相”、“在一起”co-worker, coexist co-own, co-owner asleep, along, aloud, ,alive, across post-war, post-graduateprepay, prewar, preschool, prehistory foresee, foreleg, foretell 预言, foreknow 预卜renew,续借 reborn,rebuild, reappear, retell 例 词加在名词或动词前加在动词或名词前,构成派生形容词、副词或介词加在名词或形容词前(= after, behind)加在名词或形容词前(=before, in front, in advance)加在动词或名词前(= before)用于动词及派生名词名词、形容词及其它名词前(= again)用 法表示:联合、共同表示:在 之上, 向, 在里表示:时间和顺序的“在后边”表示:在前、事先、预先表示:时间或位置的“在前面”表示:再一次,重新意 义inter-a-fore-super-mid-co-post-pre-re-前 缀over-超过加在动词、名词、形容词前overstudy n.用功过度 overwork n.过度劳累 overact v .表演过火 overdose n.药物过量 overproduction n.生产过度 overcrowded a.挤满的ex- 表示"前面的,前任的" 加在名词前 ex-wife 前妻 ex-president 前任总统 ex-表示"出,出去"exclude 排外expel 赶出,逐出expose 暴露exalt 使升高extract 抽出,拔出 excise 切除exceed 超过,超出exhale 呼气multi- 表示”很多,很多”multimedia a.多媒体的 multicultural a.多种文化的 multiform a.多种多样的tele – 表示远的 telephone, television micro-表示“微,小”microscope 显微镜microworld微观世界microwave微波microbiology微生物学microfilm微缩胶卷auto- 自动的automobile汽车autobiography自传vice- 表示“副”vice-president副总统vice-manager副经理macro- 表示“大,宏大”Ma macroscopic(宏观) eco- 生态的生态学ecology生态系统ecosystem生态友好的eco-friendly Sino- 中国的中日的Sino-Japanese中石化Sinopecsub- “潜,在下面,次一等,副手”潜意识(的)subconscious subtropics亚热带subtitle副标题bi- 表示两个,双边bi- bicolor ( 双色的),bicycletri- 三个三轮车tricycle三角形triangletrans- “变换,改变,转移”tranplant移植transaction交易;办理transcribe抄写,转录transfigure改观;变形transfuse输血;充满常见的后缀表示人和物的名词后缀washer,洗衣机 加在动词和名词或复合词上表示从事某工作的物-er engineer, volunteer mountaineer 用于外来词从事于...的人-eer-or-ist-ician -ess -or -er 表示物conductor,导体,artist, socialist communist physicist physician, politician musicianactress, waitress visitor, conductor educator, translator teacher, worker learner,例词加在动词上加在名词上,或 –ize 结尾的动词上,或以-al 结尾的其它词上加在以-ic 结尾的名词或形容词上加于名词后,表示阴性外来后缀,加在外来词上加在动词、名词、形容词上用 法表示从事某工作的物从事...职业的人,从事某种...文艺、学术的人,...主义者...(专)家,...工作者女...的与-er 同义从事…职业的人,做…的人,…地方的人意 义表示人后缀后缀-er 构词能力loudspeaker,表示“物”,加在复合词上fighter,战斗机printer,打印机印刷者 recorder, ruler既表示 “人”也表示“物”,加在动词上steamer ,蒸笼washer, 表示“物”,加在名词上washer, boiler, container, lighter ,打火机drawer,表示“物”,加在动词上housekeeper,管家, looker-on,旁观者 表示“人”,加在复合词上Londoner, New Yorker, villager, Britisher, southerner, foreigner, outsider, stranger 表示“人”,加在某些地点名词或某些形容词例 词banker, , officer, lawyer, prisoner, geographer, joker,listener, adviser, speaker, writer, driver, teacher, worker, singer, leader, waiter, runner, discoverer, explorer, maker 表示“人”,加在名词上表示“人”,加在动词上用 法抽象名词和集合名词的后缀bravery, slavery, chemistry, surgery, machinery-erystrength, growth, length, wealth, truth-th childhood, brotherhood,兄弟情谊,-hood citizenship, friendship, professorship, hardship, comradeship -ship difficulty, discovery, bravery, machinery-y kingdom, wisdom, freedom-dom appearance, entrance,-ance communism, criticism, internationalism, socialism-ism argument, statement, achievement, amusement, equipment -ment majority, opportunity,-ity kindness, illness, brightness, selflessness, correctness-ness arrival, refusal, disapproval ,-al failure, temperature, pressure, pleasure, -ure marriage, luggage, postage 邮费 -age后缀为-ion 的名词add/addition, attend/attention, absorb/absorption, describe/ description, produce/production, reduce/reduction, solve/solution, determine/determination, explain/explanation, found/ foundation, observe/observation, transport/transportation有些动词不是加-ion,而是加-ition, -tion, -ation 或-sion 而变成名词,其中有些词根因读音关系而发生了变化。
初中英语派生词优选归纳大全.docx
一、动词→名词1.动词 + -ercook→cookerdance→dancerdrive →driverlead →leaderlearn →learnerlisten→listenermanage→managerplay →playerread →readerreport →reporterrun →runnersing →singerspeak→speakerswim→swimmerteach →teachertravel →travelerwait →waiterwin→winnerwork→workerwrite →writer2. 动词 + -oract →actordirect →directorinvent →inventorvisit→ visitor3.动词 +-tion attend→attention celebrate→celebrationcommunicate→communication congratulate →congratulation direct →directioneducate →educationexplain →explanationintro duce→introduction invent →invention invite→invitation pollute→pollution prepare→preparationpronounce→pronunciation protect →protectionsuggest →suggestion4. 动词 + -sion decide →decisiondiscuss →discussionexpress →expression5.动词 + -mentachieve →achievementagree →agreementdevelop →development6.动词 + -ressact →actresswait →waitress7.动词 + -th bear→birth breathe→breathgrow→growth8.特例live →lifesave→safeweigh→weightfly →flighthigh →heightchoose→choiceserve →serviceknow→knowledgespeak→speechdiscover →dicoveryple ase→pleasurelaugh →laughter二、动词→形容词1.动词 + -ful care→careful help→helpful thank→thankfuluse→usefulwonder→wonderful2.动词 + -ing/-edamaze→amazing→amazedbore →boring →boredexcite →exciting→excited interest→interested→interested relax →relaxing→relaxedsatisf y→satisfied→satisfying surprise →surprising→surprised tire →tired →tiring3. a- +动词live→alive fun →funny wake→awake health→healthy sleep →asleep ice →icy4. 动词+ -able luck→lucky believable→believable noise →noisy comfort→comfortable rain→rainy enjoy →enjoyable salt→salty value →valuable shine →shiny5. 动词 + -tive act →active sleep →sleepy snow→snowyattract→attractive sunny→sunny 6. 特例wind→windy die →dead 2. 名词+ -ly fill→full day→daily三、名词→名词1. 名词 + -ist art →artist week→weekly love →lovely friend →friendlypiano →pionist 3. 名词+ -fulscience→scientist beauty →beautifultour→tuorist color→colorfulviolin→violinist success →successful 2. 名词+ -an (n. & adj.)harm→harmful America→American 4. 名词+ -lessAsia →Asian care →careless Canada→Canadian home→homeless Europe→European meaning→meaningless India→Indian use→useless Australia→Australian 5. 名词+ -ernRussia →Russian south →southern3. 名词 + -ache head→heada che north →northern west→westernstomach→stomcachache east →easterntooth→toothache southeast→southeastern4. 名词 + -ian magic→magician northeast →northeastern southwest →southwesternmusic→musician northwest→northwestern physics→physician 6. 名词+ -al5.特例centre→centralcrime →criminal education→educational Germany→German medicine →medical四、名词→形容词1. 名词 + -y cloud →cloudy music→musical nation →na tional nature →naturaldirt→tirty person →personalphysics →physical warm→warmth( to be continued)tradition→traditional 6. 特例原形加前缀 dis-/ un-/im-7. 名词 + -ous able →ability表否定danger→dangerous popular →popularity disabledfame→famous pride →proud disagreehumor→humorous safe →save disappear8. 名词 + -en七、形容词→副词discoverwood→wooden 1. 形容词 + -ly dislikegold →golden beautiful →beautifully dishonest8. 特例careful →carefully disagreetalent→talented certai n→certainly disadvantageFrance→French cheap→cheaply uneasypride →proud clear→clearly unbelievablefool →foolish final→finally uncrowdedBritain→British great →greatly unexpectedEngland→Engli sh late →lately unfair五、名词→动词loud →loudly unhappyadvice →advise normal →normally unknownfood →feed polite→politely unluckylife →live quick →quickly unusualsale →sell quiet→quietly impossible六、形容词→名词recent →recently impolite1. 形容词 + -er safe →safely( to be continued)foreign→foreigner serious →seriously九、加前缀 re- 表“再,重own→owner slow →slowly复”strange →stranger strong →strongly tell →retell2. 形容词 + -ness sudden→suddenly build→reb uildfair →fairness usual →usually write→rewritehappy→happiness wide→widely use→reuseill →illness wonderful →wonderfully十、加前缀 inter-表“相sad→sadness 2. 形容词 -y 结尾 y 变 i+ -ly互”3. 形容词 + -ty angry →angrily internationaldifficult→difficulty easy→easily interviewsafe →safety happy→happily Internetactive→activity heavy→heavily十一、加前缀 tele-表示4. 形容词 -t 改为 -ce lucky →luckily“远”远different→difference 3. 形容词 -e结尾去 e+ -ly telephoneimportant→importance comfortable→comfortabl televisionindependent →independen y十二、加前缀 kilo-表ce possible →possibly“千”silent→silence probable →probably kilometer/kilometre5. 形容词 + -th simple →simply kilogramtrue →truth terrible →terribly十三、加前缀 mid- 表“中间dead→death true →truly的”mid-autumn midnight mid-term (the end)。
完整版)初中英语派生词归纳大全
完整版)初中英语派生词归纳大全1.将动词转化为名词将动词转化为名词是英语中常见的构词方式之一。
以下是一些常见的动词转化为名词的方式:1.动词+ -er例如:___→cooker、___→___、drive→driver、lead→leader、learn→learner、listen→listener、manage→manager、play→player、read→reader、report→reporter、run→runner、sing→singer、___、___→swimmer、___→___、___→traveler、wait→waiter、___→winner、work→worker、write→writer。
2.动词+ -or例如:a ct→actor、direct→director、___→___、visit→visitor。
3.动词+ -___例如:___→___、___→___、___→___、___→___、direct→n、___→___、___、introduce→___、___→___、___→___、pollute→___、prepare→n、pronounce→n、protect→n、___→___。
4.动词+ n例如:___→___、discuss→n、express→n。
5.动词+ -___例如:___→___、___→agreement、___→development。
6.动词+ -ress例如:act→actress、wait→waitress。
7.动词+ -th例如:___→___、___→___、___→growth。
8.特例例如:live→life、save→safe、___→weight、fly→flight、high→height、choose→choice、serve→service、know→knowledge。
2.改写文章动词转化为名词是英语中常见的构词方式之一。
七年级英语上册派生词
7A/U2 派生词1. officerofficeofficial n.n.adj.官员;高级职员办公室官方的e.g. an official letter 公函an official visit 一次正式访问2. societysocial n.adj.社团、协会;社会社会的e.g. social work 社会工作3. preventionprevent n.v.预防、防止预防e.g. prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事4. crueltycruel n.adj.残忍残忍的e.g. be cruel to sb.对某人是残忍的5. carecarefulcarefullycarelesscarelesslycarefulnesscarelessness n.adj.advn.adv.n.n.关心仔细的 e.g. be careful with sth.仔细地e.g. do sth. carefully粗心的粗心地仔细粗心6. unkind =unfriendlykindkindlykindness adj.adj.adv.n.不友善的友善的友善地善良,友善7. safelysafesafetysave adv.adj.n.v.安全地安全的安全拯救8. prefer (=like better)v. 更喜欢prefer--- prefe rr ed---prefe rr ed---prefe rr ing9. special(=particular)specialistspecially adj.n.ad.特殊的,特别的专家特别地,特殊地10. puppy (=a youngdog)puppies n.pl.幼犬11. guard (=a personwho keeps watchover something orsomeone)n. 守卫12. missing (=lost)miss adj.v.失踪的 e.g. the missing dog/child想念 e.g. I miss you very much.错过e.g. I missed the train/bus/ungdergound.13. hunt (=pursue forfood)hunt er v.n.猎取猎人14. blind (=unable tosee)adj. 失明的e.g the blind 盲人be blind to …对。
最新初中英语派生词归纳大全说课讲解
一、动词→名词1.动词+ -ercook→cookerdance→dancerdrive→driverlead→leaderlearn→learnerlisten→listenermanage→managerplay→playerread→readerreport→reporterrun→runnersing→singerspeak→speakerswim→swimmerteach→teachertravel→travelerwait→waiterwin→winnerwork→workerwrite→writer2.动词+ -oract→actordirect→directorinvent→inventorvisit→ visitor3.动词+-tionattend→attentioncelebrate→celebration communicate→communication congratulate→congratulation direct→directioneducate→educationexplain→explanationintro duce→introduction invent→inventioninvite→invitationpollute→pollutionprepare→preparation pronounce→pronunciation protect→protectionsuggest→suggestion4.动词+ -sion decide→decisiondiscuss→discussionexpress→expression5.动词+ -mentachieve→achievementagree→agreementdevelop→development6.动词+ -ressact→actresswait→waitress7.动词+ -thbear→birthbreathe →breathgrow→growth8.特例live→lifesave→safeweigh→weightfly→flighthigh→heightchoose→choiceserve→serviceknow→knowledgespeak→speechdiscover→dicoveryple ase→pleasurelaugh→laughter二、动词→形容词1.动词+ -fulcare→carefulhelp→helpfulthank→thankfuluse→usefulwonder→wonderful2.动词+ -ing/-edamaze→amazing→amazed bore→boring→boredexcite→exciting→excited interest→interested→interested relax→relaxing→relaxed satisf y→satisfied→satisfying surprise→surprising→surprised tire→tired→tiring3. a- +动词live→alivewake→awakesleep→asleep4.动词+ -able believable→believable comfort→comfortable enjoy→enjoyable value→valuable5.动词+ -tiveact→activeattract→attractive6.特例die→deadfill→full三、名词→名词1.名词+ -istart→artistpiano→pionist science→scientisttour→tuoristviolin→violinist2.名词+ -an (n. & adj.) America→American Asia→AsianCanada→Canadian Europe→European India→Indian Australia→Australian Russia→Russian3.名词+ -achehead→heada che stomach→stomcachache tooth→toothache4.名词+ -ianmagic→magician music→musician physics→physician5. 特例crime→criminal Germany→German四、名词→形容词1.名词+ -ycloud→cloudydirt→tirty fun→funnyhealth→healthyice→icyluck→luckynoise→noisyrain→rainysalt→saltyshine→shinysleep→sleepysnow→snowysunny→sunnywind→windy2.名词+ -lyday→dailyweek→weeklylove→lovelyfriend→friendly3.名词+ -fulbeauty→beautifulcolor→colorful success→successful harm→harmful4.名词+ -lesscare→carelesshome→homeless meaning→meaningless us e→useless5.名词+ -ernsouth→southernnorth→northernwest→westerneast→eastern southeast→southeastern northeast→northeastern southwest→southwestern northwest→northwestern 6.名词+ -alcentre→central education→educational medicine→medical music→musicalnation→na tional nature→naturalperson→personalphysics→physical tradition→traditional7.名词+ -ousdanger→dangerousfame→famoushumor→humorous8.名词+ -enwood→woodengold→golden8.特例talent→talentedFrance→Frenchpride→proudfool→foolishBritain→BritishEngland→Engli sh五、名词→动词advice→advisefood→feedlife→livesale→sell六、形容词→名词1.形容词+ -erforeign→foreignerown→ownerstrange→stranger2.形容词+ -nessfair→fairnesshappy→happinessill→illnesssad→sadness3.形容词+ -tydifficult→difficultysafe→safetyactive→activity4.形容词-t改为-ce different→difference important→importance independent→independence silent→silence5.形容词+ -thtrue→truthdead→deathwarm→warmth 6.特例able→abilitypopular→popularitypride→proudsafe→save七、形容词→副词1.形容词+ -lybeautiful→beautifullycareful→carefullycertai n→certainlycheap→cheaplyclear→clearlyfinal→finallygreat→greatlylate→latelyloud→loudlynormal→normallypolite→politelyquick→quicklyquiet→quietlyrecent→recentlysafe→safelyserious→seriouslyslow→slowlystrong→stronglysudden→suddenlyusual→usuallywide→widelywonderful→wonderfully2.形容词-y结尾y变i+ -lyangry→angrilyeasy→easilyhappy→happilyheavy→heavilylucky→luckily3.形容词-e结尾去e+ -lycomfortable→comfortablypossible→possiblyprobable→probablysimple→simplyterrible→terriblytrue→truly(to be continued)原形加前缀dis-/ un-/im-表否定disableddisagreedisappeardiscoverdislikedishonestdisagreedisadvantageuneasyunbelievableuncrowdedunexpectedunfairunhappyunknownunluckyunusualimpossibleimpolite(to be continued)九、加前缀re-表“再,重复”tell→retellbuild→reb uildwrite→rewriteuse→reuse十、加前缀inter-表“相互”internationalinterviewInternet十一、加前缀tele-表示“远”远telephonetelevision十二、加前缀kilo-表“千”kilometer/kilometrekilogram十三、加前缀mid-表“中间的”mid-autumnmidnightmid-term(the end)。
英语派生词归纳
英语派生词归纳<i>英语派生词归纳</i>派生词(derivation)加前缀:happy --- unhappy 加后缀:develop --- development 既加前缀又加后缀:employ ---unemployment常见的否定前缀<i>英语派生词归纳</i>表示时间和其他关系的前缀前缀re-fore-pre-post-a-co-inter-mid-super-意义表示:再一次,重新表示:时间或位置的“在前面”表示:在前、事先、预先表示:时间和顺序的“在后边”用法例词用于动词及派生名词名词、形renew,续借reborn,容词及其它名词前(= again)rebuild, reappear, retell加在动词或名词前(= before)foresee, foreleg, foretell预言, foreknow预卜prepay, prewar, 加在名词或形容词前(=before, in front, in advance)preschool, prehistory加在名词或形容词前(= after, behind)post-war, post-graduate表示:在之上,加在动词或名词前,构成派生asleep, along, aloud, ,alive, across向,在里形容词、副词或介词co-worker, coexist表示:联合、共加在名词或动词前co-own, co-owner同表示:“互相”、加在名词、形容词前构成动词interchange, international(= between, among)“在一起”表示:中间表示:高级、在之上加在名词前(= middle)加在名词前(= above, over, upon)midday, midnightsuperpower,超级大国,superstructure上层建筑<i>英语派生词归纳</i>multiform a.多种多样的teleC micro表示远的表示“微,小” telephone, television microscope 显微镜microworld 微观世界microwave 微波microbiology 微生物学microfilm 微缩胶卷auto 自动的automobile 汽车autobiography 自传vice表示“副” vice-president 副总统vice-manager 副经理macroeco表示“大,宏大” 生态的Ma macroscopic(宏观) 生态学ecology 生态系统ecosystem 生态友好的eco-friendly Sino中国的中日的Sino-Japanese 中石化Sinopec sub“潜,在下面,次一等,副手” 潜意识( 的) subconscious subtropics 亚热带subtitle 副标题bi表示两个,双边bi- bicolor ( 双色的), bicycle tri三个三轮车tricycle 三角形triangle trans“变换,改变,转移” tranplant 移植transaction 交易;办理transcribe 抄写,转录transfigure 改观;变形<i>英语派生词归纳</i>常见的后缀表示人和物的名词后缀后缀-er 构词能力<i>英语派生词归纳</i>抽象名词和集合名词的后缀-age-ure-ity-ism-dom-y-al-ship-hood-th-erymarriage, luggage, postage邮费failure, temperature, pressure, pleasure, majority, opportunity,communism, criticism, internationalism, socialism-mentargument, statement, achievement, amusement, equipment -anceappearance, entrance,kingdom, wisdom, freedomdifficulty, discovery, bravery, machineryarrival, refusal, disapproval,citizenship, friendship, professorship, hardship, comradeshipchildhood, brotherhood,兄弟情谊,strength, growth, length, wealth, truthbravery, slavery, chemistry, surgery, machinery-nesskindness, illness, brightness, selflessness, correctness后缀为-ion的名词<i>英语派生词归纳</i>规则几乎所有以-ate结尾的动词在变为名词时首先去掉e再加-ion.多数以-t结尾的动词直接在词尾加-ion,少数以-te结尾的动词首先去掉e再加-ion.多数以-ss结尾的动词直接加-ion.例词educate/education, liberate/liberation, translate/translation,graduate/graduation, separate/separation, operate/operationact/action, invent/invention, inspect/inspection, elect/election, select/selection, connect/connection, collect/collection, instruct/instruction, devote/devotion, pollute/pollutiondiscuss/discussion, oppress/oppression, express/expression, possess/possession多数以-de结尾与少数以-d结尾decide/decision, divide/division, provide/provision, invade/ 的动词先把-de或-d变成-s再加-invasion, expand/expansion, extend/extensionion.以-mit结尾的动词,先把t变成-ss,再加-ion.admit/admission, commit/commission,承诺permit/permission, transmit/transmission转交多数以-fy结尾的动词先把y改成i再加-cation,少数以-efy或-fysatisfy/satisfaction, modify/ modification,修改结尾的动词先去掉y再加-action.有些动词不是加-ion,而是加-ition, -tion, -ation或-sion而变成名词,其中有些词根因读音关系而发生了变化。
构词法之派生法(教学设计)中考英语
构词法之派生法重/难点重点:了解并掌握构词法中的派生法的概念和常见派生词。
难点:在语言实践中学会运用词根、词缀正确辨认和运用派生词。
重/难点分析重点分析:在词根前面加前缀,或在词根后面加后缀,构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词,叫做派生法。
派生分为前缀和后缀。
前缀通常只改变词义,不改变词性。
后缀通常只改变词性,构成意思相近的其他词性的词。
难点分析:派生词有的加前缀,有的加后缀。
其中否定前缀就包括多种不同的形式,有些后缀分别表示不同的意义,这就给学习和运用派生词带来困难。
因此,在语言实践中学会运用词根、词缀正确辨认和运用派生词是学习的难点。
突破策略1. 在导入阶段,可以采用图片的形式导入。
比如,教师可以选用孔子名言的图片,教师呈现图片后,对图片内容进行描述“As Confucius put it, learning without thought is useless; thought without learning is dangerous. ”然后,教师指出:句中useless 和dangerous都是派生词。
那么,什么是派生词呢?在词根前面加前缀,或在词根后面加后缀,构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词,叫做派生法。
派生分为前缀和后缀。
前缀通常只改变词义,不改变词性。
后缀通常只改变词性,构成意思相近的其他词性的词。
下面通过例句一起来学习构词法中的派生法。
2. 在语言感悟阶段,教师可以先提供例句,指出例句中派生词的构成,然后,和学生一起总结归纳该类派生词的构成和常用词汇,以此扩大词汇量。
课堂教学活动要体现学生的主体性,给学生留出足够的时间去讨论、归纳、总结。
在总结过程中,教师可以让学生先进行小组讨论,然后进行提问或者抢答,让学生说出相关派生词,教师要及时点拨。
当然,教师要及时肯定和表扬做得好的个人和小组,这也能够给学生带来学习的成就感,以此提高学生的课堂参与度与学习兴趣。
下面来分享中学时期的一次写作经历。
中考英语英语派生词的举例和解析
中考英语英语派生词的举例和解析各位读友大家好,此文档由网络收集而来,欢迎您下载,谢谢在英语中总有一些词语是你看似相识,就是因为多了一些前缀和后缀让我们不知道这个单词是什么意思。
这让同学们很懊恼。
现在,我们给出一些常用的前缀和后缀。
让大家了解一下这些东西在和单词组成新单词的意思和了解一下这些派生词的意思。
在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫作派生法。
1)前缀除少数前缀外,前缀一般改变单词的意义,不改变词性;后缀一般改变词类,而不引起词义的变化。
表示否定意义的前缀常用的有dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un-等,在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。
例如:appear出现→disappear消失correct正确的→incorrect不正确的lead带领→mislead领错stop停下→non-stop不停表示其他意义的前缀常用的有a-,anti- ,auto- ,co- ,en- ,inter- ,re- ,sub- ,tele- 等。
例如:alone单独的antigas防毒气的autochart自动图表cooperate合作enjoy使高兴internet互联网reuse再用subway地铁telephone电话2)后缀英语单词不仅可以通过加前缀构成新词,也可加后缀构成新词。
后缀通常会改变单词的词性,构成意义相近的其他词性;少数后缀还会改变词义,变为与原来词义相反的新词。
构成名词的后缀常用的有-ence,-r/ -or ,-ese ,-ess ,-ful ,-ian ,-ist ,-ment ,-ness ,-tion等。
例如:differ不同于→difference区别write写→writer作家Japan日本→Japanese日本人act表演→actress女演员mouth口→mouthful一口music音乐→musician音乐家构成动词的后缀常用的有-n ,-fy ,-ize 。
英语派生词归纳
英语派生词归纳 Ting Bao was revised on January 6, 20021派生词(derivation)加前缀:happy---un happy加后缀:develop---develop ment既加前缀又加后缀:employ---un employ mentanti-相反,相互对立加在名词、形容词、动词前antiwar反战的antipathy反感antithesis对立;反论antibacterial抗菌的antibody抗体antisocial反社会的de-表示"去掉,变坏,离开,变慢,向下"等加在名词前deforest砍伐森林devalue降低价值decode破译detrain下火车degrade降级ill-不加在名词、形容词前虐待ill-treat信息不足的ill-informed不礼貌的ill-mannerednon-表示”不,非”加在名词、形容词、副词或作形容词的分词上nonexistenta.不存在的nonsmokinga.不准吸烟的nonstopa.直达的over-超过加在动词、名词、形容词前overstudyn.用功过度overworkn.过度劳累overactv.表演过火overdosen.药物过量overproductionn.生产过度overcrowdeda.挤满的ex-表示"前面的,前任的"加在名词前ex-wife前妻ex-president前任总统ex-表示"出,出去"exclude排外expel赶出,逐出expose暴露exalt使升高extract抽出,拔出excise切除exceed超过,超出exhale呼气multi-表示”很多,很多”multimediaa.多媒体的multiculturala.多种文化的multiforma.多种多样的常见的后缀表示人和物的名词后缀后缀-er构词能力抽象名词和集合名词的后缀后缀为-ion的名词形容词后缀副词后缀动词后缀。
英语构词法之派生法
英语构词法之派生法派生法(Derivation)是英语构词法的一种重要方法,通过在词根或词干上加上前缀或后缀,形成新的词语。
派生法在英语中广泛应用,为我们理解和运用词汇提供了很大的帮助。
本文将介绍派生法的基本原理、分类和例子,并探讨其对英语学习的意义。
一、派生法的基本原理派生法是通过在词根或词干前后添加前缀或后缀,改变词语的词形和词义。
通过这种方式,我们可以创造出大量新词,丰富英语词汇。
派生法的基本原理包括以下几点:1. 前缀的作用:前缀是附加在词根或词干前面的一种修饰元素,可以改变词语的词性、词义或构成新词。
2. 后缀的作用:后缀是附加在词根或词干后面的一种修饰元素,可以改变词性、词义或构成新词。
3. 组合使用:派生法可以将前缀和后缀组合使用,形成复杂的派生词。
二、派生法的分类派生法可以根据派生的方式分为前缀派生和后缀派生。
具体分类如下:1. 前缀派生:前缀派生是指通过在词根或词干前添加前缀来构成新词。
常见的前缀有un-、dis-、re-等。
例如:- unlock(解锁)中的un-表示“解除”;- dislike(不喜欢)中的dis-表示“不”;- rewrite(重写)中的re-表示“再次”。
2. 后缀派生:后缀派生是指通过在词根或词干后添加后缀来构成新词。
常见的后缀有-er、-est、-ful等。
例如:- teacher(教师)中的-er表示“从事某种行为的人”;- tallest(最高的)中的-est表示“最”;- helpful(有帮助的)中的-ful表示“充满”。
三、派生法的例子以下是几个通过派生法构成的单词例子:1. 前缀派生的例子- Unhappy(不快乐):un-表示“不”,happy表示“快乐”,通过加入前缀un-,形成新的含义。
- Disappear(消失):dis-表示“否定”,appear表示“出现”,通过加入前缀dis-,形成相反的意义。
- Rebuild(重建):re-表示“再次”,build表示“建立”,通过加入前缀re-,表示再次进行建立。
初中英语派生词归纳大全
一、动词→名词1.动词+ -ercook→cookerdance→dancerdrive→driverlead→leaderlearn→learnerlisten→listenermanage→managerplay→playerread→readerreport→reporterrun→runnersing→singerspeak→speakerswim→swimmerteach→teachertravel→travelerwait→waiterwin→winnerwork→workerwrite→writer2.动词+ -oract→actordirect→directorinvent→inventorvisit→ visitor3.动词+-tionattend→attentioncelebrate→celebration communicate→communication congratulate→congratulation direct→directioneducate→educationexplain→explanation introduce→introduction invent→inventioninvite→invitationpollute→pollutionprepare→preparation pronounce→pronunciation protect→protectionsuggest→suggestion4.动词+ -sion decide→decisiondiscuss→discussionexpress→expression5.动词+ -mentachieve→achievementagree→agreementdevelop→development6.动词+ -ressact→actresswait→waitress7.动词+ -thbear→birthbreathe →breathgrow→growth8.特例live→lifesave→safeweigh→weightfly→flighthigh→heightchoose→choiceserve→serviceknow→knowledgespeak→speechdiscover→dicoveryplease→pleasurelaugh→laughter二、动词→形容词1.动词+ -fulcare→carefulhelp→helpfulthank→thankfuluse→usefulwonder→wonderful2.动词+ -ing/-edamaze→amazing→amazed bore→boring→boredexcite→exciting→excited interest→interested→interested relax→relaxing→relaxed satisfy→satisfied→satisfying surprise→surprising→surprised tire→tired→tiring3. a- +动词live→alivewake→awakesleep→asleep4.动词+ -able believable→believable comf ort→comfortable enjoy→enjoyable value→valuable5.动词+ -tiveact→activeattract→attractive6.特例die→deadfill→full三、名词→名词1.名词+ -istart→artistpiano→pionist science→scientisttour→tuoristviolin→violinist2.名词+ -an (n. & adj.) America→American Asia→AsianCanada→Canadian Europe→European India→Indian Australia→Australian Russia→Russian3.名词+ -achehead→headache stomach→stomcachache tooth→toothache4.名词+ -ianmagic→magician music→musician physics→physician5. 特例crime→criminal Germany→German四、名词→形容词1.名词+ -ycloud→cloudydirt→tirty fun→funnyhealth→healthyice→icyluck→luckynoise→noisyrain→rainysalt→saltyshine→shinysleep→sleepysnow→snowysunny→sunnywind→windy2.名词+ -lyday→dailyweek→weeklylove→lovelyfriend→friendly3.名词+ -fulbeauty→beautifulcolor→colorful success→successful harm→harmful4.名词+ -lesscare→carelesshome→homeless meaning→meaningless use→useless5.名词+ -ernsouth→southernnorth→northernwest→westerneast→eastern southeast→southeastern northeast→northeastern southwest→southwestern northwest→northwestern 6.名词+ -alcentre→central education→educational medicine→medical music→musicalnation→national nature→naturalperson→personalphysics→physical tradition→traditional7.名词+ -ousdanger→dangerousfame→famoushumor→humorous8.名词+ -enwood→woodengold→golden8.特例talent→talentedFrance→Frenchpride→proudfool→foolishBritain→BritishEngland→English五、名词→动词advice→advisefood→feedlife→livesale→sell六、形容词→名词1.形容词+ -erforeign→foreignerown→ownerstrange→stranger2.形容词+ -nessfair→fairnesshappy→happinessill→illnesssad→sadness3.形容词+ -tydifficult→difficultysafe→safetyactive→activity4.形容词-t改为-ce different→difference important→importance independent→independence silent→silence5.形容词+ -thtrue→truthdead→deathwarm→warmth 6.特例able→abilitypopular→popularitypride→proudsafe→save七、形容词→副词1.形容词+ -lybeautiful→beautifullycareful→carefullycertain→certainlycheap→cheaplyclear→clearlyfinal→finallygreat→greatlylate→latelyloud→loudlynormal→normallypolite→politelyquick→quicklyquiet→quietlyrecent→recentlysafe→safelyserious→seriouslyslow→slowlystrong→stronglysudden→suddenlyusual→usuallywide→widelywonderful→wonderfully2.形容词-y结尾y变i+ -lyangry→angrilyeasy→easilyhappy→happilyheavy→heavilylucky→luckily3.形容词-e结尾去e+ -lycomfortable→comfortablypossible→possiblyprobable→probablysimple→simplyterrible→terriblytrue→truly(to be continued)原形加前缀dis-/ un-/im-表否定disableddisagreedisappeardiscoverdislikedishonestdisagreedisadvantageuneasyunbelievableuncrowdedunexpectedunfairunhappyunknownunluckyunusualimpossibleimpolite(to be continued)九、加前缀re-表“再,重复”tell→retellbuild→rebuildwrite→rewriteuse→reuse十、加前缀inter-表“相互”internationalinterviewInternet十一、加前缀tele-表示“远”远telephonetelevision十二、加前缀kilo-表“千”kilometer/kilometrekilogram十三、加前缀mid-表“中间的”mid-autumnmidnightmid-term(the end)。
2024年中考英语常用派生词汇总
中考英语常用派生词汇总常用单词词形变化归纳一.名词(一) ment1.employ v. 雇用→ employment n. 工作,职业2. treat v. 治疗;对待→ treatment n. 治疗ern vt. 统治,治理→ government n. 政府4.develop v. 发展,培养→ development n. 发展→ developing adj. 发展中的→ developed adj. 发达的5.punish v. 惩罚→ punishment n. 惩罚6.adjust vt. 调整→ adjustment n. 调整7.agree v.同意→ agreement n.同意;协议8.disagree vi. 不同意;意见不合→ disagreement n. 不同意,争执9.encourage vt. 鼓励→ encouragement n. 鼓励,激励10.achieve vt. 取得 ( 成就) → achievement n. 成就,功业,伟绩11.announce v. 声明,宣布→ announcement n. 声明,公告→ announcer n. 播音员12.retire vi. 退休→ retirement n. 退休13.amuse vt. 娱乐;使快乐→ amusement n. 娱乐,游戏,文娱活动14.require vt. 需要→ requirement n. 需要15. arrange v. 安排→ arrangement n. 安排16. improve v. 提高,改进→ improv ement n. 改进,改善,进步17.move v.移动→ movement n.运动;移动18.argue vi. 争论→ argument n. 争论(二) tion1. instruct vt. 指示,指导→ instruction n. 指示,说明2. correct vt. 改正 adj. 正确的→ correction n. 改正,纠正3.act v.行动;表现;表演→ action n.行动;情节4. react vi. 反应→ reaction n. 反应5. attract vt. 吸引→ attraction n. 吸引→ attractive adj. 吸引人的6. construct vt. 建造,建设→ construction n. 建造,建设,建筑7. protect vt. 保护→ protection n. 保护8.invent vt. 发明→ invention n. 发明9.connect v. 连接;联系→ connection n. 联系,关系,关联10.direct vt. 指挥 adj. 直接的;径直的→direction n. 方向→ director n. 指挥11.predict vt. 预言,预料→ prediction n. 预测12.collect v. 收藏→ collection n. 收藏;收藏品→ collector n. 收藏家,收集者13. suggest vt. 建议→ suggestion n. 建议14.intend v. 打算→ intention n. 打算,目的,意图15.attend v. 出席,参加;照顾;注意→ attention n. 注意;照顾●1. situate vt. 使位于,使处于…地位(位置)→ situation n. 情况;形势,处境;地理位置→ situated adj. 位于( 某处 ) 的2.locate vt. 把…… 设置在;把…… 建造在→ location n. 位置→ located adj. 位于3.relate v. 联系→ relation n. 关系→ relative n. 亲戚,亲属cate vt. 教育;培养;训练→ education n. 教育→ educated adj. 受过教育的,有教养的5.congratulate vt. 祝贺→ congratulation n. 祝贺anize v.组织→ organization n.组织;机构7.graduate vi. 毕业 n. 毕业生→ graduation n. 毕业8.decorate vt. 装饰→ decoration n. 装饰物→ decorative adj. 装饰的9.hesitate v. 犹豫,迟疑→ hesitation n. 犹豫10.appreciate vt. 感激;欣赏→ appreciation n. 感激;欣赏11.create vt. 创造,发明→ creation n. 创造力→ creative adj. 创造性的12.municate vi. ( 用语言、信号 ) 传递信息;交流→ munication n. 交流,沟通13.celebrate vt. 庆祝→ celebration n. 庆祝;庆典● ation1. adapt vi. 适应;适合→ adaptation n. 适应→ adaptable adj. 适应性强的rm vt. 告知→ information n. 信息3.consider vt. 考虑→ consideration n. 考虑→ considerate adj. 体贴的,考虑周到的4.→ considerable adj. 相当多的,相当大的→ considering prep. 鉴于5. expect vt. 期待,期望;料想,预期→ expectation n. 期望;预期6.relax v. 放松; ( 使 ) 休息→ relaxation7. explain vt. 解释→ explanation n. 解释8.invite vt. 邀请→ invitation n. 邀请9. imagine vt. 想象→ imagination n. 想象,设想→ imaginary adj. 想象中的,假想的,虚构的anise vt. 组织→ organisation n. 组织11.explore vt. 探索→ exploration n. 探索→ explorer n. 探险者12. prepare vt. 准备→ preparation n. 准备13. observe vt. 观察→ observation n. 观察→ observatory n. 观察台14. apply v. 申请;应用→ application n. 申请;应用●1.contribute vt. 贡献→ contribution n. 贡献2.exhibit vt. 展览→ exhibition n. 展览3.add v.增加;添加→ addition n.增加物;增加4. pete vi. 竞争→ petition n. 竞赛,比赛→ p etitor n. 竞争者→ petitive adj. 竞争的5.plete v.完成 adj.完全的→ pletion n.完成;结束6.describe vt. 描述→ description n. 记述,描述7.solve vt. 解决→ solution n. 解答;答案8.produce vt. 创作;生产→ production n. 创作;生产;产量→ product n. 产品9.introduce vt. 介绍;引进→ introduction n. 介绍;引进(三) sion1.impress vt. 使印象深刻→ impression n. 印象→ impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的2.express vt. 表达→ expression n. 表达3.admit vt. 承认→ admission n. 承认;进入许可;录用4.permit vt. 允许 n. 许可证→ permission n. 许可5.decide vt. 决定→ decision n. 决定(四) ence / ance●t变ce1.intelligent adj. 聪明的→ intelligence n. 智力2.patient adj. 耐心的 n. 病人→ patience n. 耐心3.silent adj. 安静的;沉默的,不说话的→ silence n. 安静;沉默,不说话4.different adj. 不同的→ difference n. 差异,区别5.independent adj. 独立的→ independence n. 独立6.convenient adj. 方便的→ convenience n. 方便;便利→ inconvenience n. 不便;麻烦7.confident adj. 自信的→ confidence n. 信心→ confidently adv. 自信地8.absent adj. 缺席的,不在场的;缺乏的→ absence n. 缺乏,不存在9.present adj. 出席的,在场的→ pre sence n. 出席,在场10.distant adj. 遥远的→ distance n. 距离11.important adj. 重要的→ importance n. 重要性●+ance/ ence1.perform v. 表演;运行;表现→ performance n. 表演;表现→ performer n. 表演者2.assist vt. 帮助,援助→ assistance n. 帮助,援助→ assistant n. 助手,助理3.appear v. 出现,露面→ appearance n. 外貌,外观;出现,露面4.guide v. 指导,引导→ guidance n. 指导,引导5.enter v. 进入→ entrance n. 入口6.refer v t . 谈到;提到;查阅→ reference n. 参考,查阅7.prefer vt. 更喜欢→ preference n. 偏爱;偏爱的事物(五) ty和ity1.safe adj. 安全的→ safety n. 安全2.honest adj. 诚实的→ honesty n. 诚实→ honestly adv. 诚实地3. anxious adj. 焦虑的,不安的→ anxiety n. 焦虑;不安4.real adj. 真的→ reality n. 现实5.equal adj. 平等的 vt. 等于;比得上 n. 同等的人或物→ equality n. 平等→ equally adv. 平等地6.similar adj. 同样的,类似的→ similarity n. 相似,类似7.popular adj.受欢迎的;流行的→ popularity n.普及;流行;受欢迎8.possible adj. 可能的→ possibility n. 可能;可能性→ possibly adv. 可能地9.able adj. 有能力的→ ability n. 能力→ disable vt. 使伤残→ disabled adj. 残疾的→ disability n. 失去能力;伤残10.responsible adj. 尽责的;负有责任的→ responsibility n. 责任11. poor adj. 贫穷的 poverty n. 贫穷(六) ness1.sad adj. 悲伤的→ sadness n. 悲伤→ sadly adv. 伤心地;不幸地2.happy adj.快乐的→ happiness n.快乐;幸福3.ill adj. 生病的→ illness n. 疾病4.sick adj. 生病的→ sickness n. 疾病5.weak adj. 虚弱的;无力的,软弱的→ weakness n. 弱点,缺点;软弱;弱,虚弱6.dark adj. 黑暗的;乌黑的 n. 黑暗;暗处→ darkness n. 黑暗7.aware adj. 意识到的,知道的→ awareness n. 意识,认识8.forgive v. 原谅,宽恕→ forgiveness n. 原谅(七) ing1.warn vt. 警告→ warning n. 警告2.challenge v.挑战→ challenging adj. 有挑战性的3.suffer vi. 遭受 ( 痛苦) → suffering n. 痛苦;苦恼 adj. 令人痛苦的→ sufferer n. 受害者,受难者;患病者4.spell vt. 拼写→ spelling n. 拼写5.mean vt. 意思是;意味着→ meaning n. 意义;意思6.greet vt. 问候→ greeting n. 问候7.feel vt. 感觉→ feeling n. 感觉,知觉;感情8.train vt. 训练→ training n. 训练,培训9.bless v.保佑;祝福→ blessing n.祝福;幸事(八) th1 . strong adj. 坚强的;强壮的→ strength n. 力量;力气2 . warm adj. 温暖的→ warmth n. 温暖;热情3 . deep adj. 深的→ depth n. 深度;深处4 . long adj. 长的→ length n. 长度5 . true adj. 真的,真实的→ tru th n. 真相6 . young adj. 年轻的→ youth n. 年轻;青年时期7 . grow v . 生长,成长→ growth n. 生长;增长(九)其它1. fail v. 失败→ failure 失败2.press v. 按下,压下→ pressure n. 压力3.mix vt. & vi. ( 使 ) 混合→ mixture n. 混合物4.furnish v. 为 ( 房屋或房间 ) 配备家具→ furniture n. 家具5.apply vi. 申请→ applicant n. 申请人→ application n. 申请6.arrive vi. 到达→ arrival n. 到达7.survive vi. 幸存,存活→ survival n. 幸存,存活8. believe vt. 相信→ belief n. 信念,信条→ believable adj. 可以相信的9. relieve v. 解除,减轻,缓和→ relief n. ( 痛苦、忧虑等的 ) 解除,减轻,调剂10.free adj. 自由的;空闲的;免费的→ freedom n. 自由11.wise adj. 聪明的,明智的→ wisdom n. 智慧12.injure vt. 伤害→ injury n. 伤害;损伤;受伤处13.brave adj. 勇敢的→ bravery n. 勇敢14.breathe vi. & vt. 呼吸→ breath n. 呼吸15.bathe v. 沐浴,洗澡→ bath n. 沐浴,洗澡;浴缸16. fluent adj. 流畅的,流利的→ fluency n. 流畅,流利17.plain vi. 抱怨;发牢骚→ plaint n. 抱怨18.just adj. 公正的→ justice n. 公正19.lose vt. 失去;丢失→ loss n. 损失20.pare vt. 比较→ parison n. 比较;比喻21.affect vt. 影响→ effect n. 影响,效果→ affect ion n. 爱,慈爱;情感22.apologize vi. 道歉→ apology n. 道歉23.choose v. 选择→ choice n. 选择24.contain vt. 包含→ container n. 容器→ content n. 内容;ugh vi. 笑→ laughter n. 笑,笑声26.proud adj. 骄傲的→ pride n. 骄傲27. think v. 想;认为→ thought n. 想法28. weigh v. 称重;重量是→ weight n. 重量(十)具有不同形式和词义的名词1. architecture n. 建筑学→ architect n. 建筑师2. art n. 艺术;美术→ artist n. 画家3 . crime n. 罪行;犯罪行为→ criminal n. 罪犯4 . dance n. & v. 舞蹈→ dancer n. 舞蹈者,舞蹈家5 . design n. & v. 设计→ designer n. 设计师6 . engine n. 发动机→ engineer n. 工程师7 . novel n. 小说→ novelist n. 小说家 8 . piano n. 钢琴→ pianist n. 钢琴家9 . poem n. 诗歌→ poet n.诗人 10 . prison n. 监狱→ prisoner n. 囚犯11 . rule n. 规则→ ruler n. 尺子 12 . village n. 村庄→ villager 村民13 . host n. (男)主人; vt. 主持,主办→ hostess n. (女)主人14 . actor n. (男)演员→ actress n. (女)演员15 . waiter n. (男)侍者,服务员→ waitr ess n. (女)侍者,(女)服务员(十一)以 or 结尾的名词actor doctor inventor investor collector creator conductordirector editor educat or monitor visitor petitor sailorsurvivor professor author governor ancestor emperor ambassadorbachelor sponsor navigator mentator mediator二.形容词(一) ed / ingsurprise astonish amaze shock frighten scare surprised astonished amazed shocked frightened scared surprising astonishing amazing shocking frightening caring/scary surprise astonishment amazement shock frightworry puzzle confuse please amuse excite worried puzzled confused pleased amused excited worrying puzzling confusing pleasing/pleasant amusing exciting worry puzzle pleasure amusement excitement move touch annoy interest embarrass disappoint moved touched annoyed interested embarrassed disappointed moving touching annoying interesting embarrassing disappointing satisfaction interest shock disappointment exhaust tire inspire encourage discourage relaxexhausted tired inspired encouraged discouraged relaxed exhausting tiring inspiring encouraging discouraging relaxing exhaustion tiredness inspiration encouragement discouragement relaxation bore satisfybored satisfiedboring satisfying/satisfactorysatisfaction(二) al / ial1. origin n. 起源→ original adj. 原来的;最初的→ originate v. 起源2. tradition n. 传统→ traditional adj. 传统的;习俗的3. option n. 选择→ optional adj. 可选择的4. environment n. 环境→ environmental adj. 环境的5.coast n. 海岸→ coastal adj. 沿海的6. globe n. 地球;地球仪→ global adj. 全球的7.culture n. 文化→ cultural adj. 文化的8. nature n. 自然;天性,性格→ natural adj. 自然的→ naturally adv. 自然地9.agriculture n. 农业→ agricultur al adj. 农业的10. centre / center n. 中心→ central adj. 中央的,中心的;重要的,核心的11.economy n. 经济→ economical adj. 经济的;节约的→ economist n. 经济学家12.history n. 历史→ historical adj. 历史性的→ historic adj. 有历史意义的13.geography n. 地理→ geographical adj. 地理的14. face n. 脸→ facial adj. 脸部的,面部的15. race n. 种族→ racial adj. 种族的16. society n. 社会;社团;交往→ social adj. 社会的17.influence vt. & n. 影响→ influential adj. 有影响的18.benefit n. 好处,利益→ beneficial adj. 有益的,有用的19.industry n. 工业→ industrial adj. 工业的(三) ful1 . colour n. 颜色→ colourful adj. 彩色的2 . thank n. & vt. 感谢→ thankful adv. 感激的→ thankfully adv. 感激地3 . hope n. & vt. 希望→ hopeful adv. 满怀希望的→ hopefully adv. 满怀希望地4 . pain n. 痛,痛苦→ painful adj. 痛的;痛苦的5 . peace n. 和平;平静→ peaceful adj. 和平的;平静的,安静的6 . stress n. vt. 强调→ stressful adj. 紧张的7 . power n. 力量 vt. 供给动力→ powerful adj. 强有力的8 . success n. 成功→ successful adj. 成功的→ succeed vi. 成功9 . doubt n. & v. 怀疑→ doubtful adj. 怀疑的10 . regret v. & n. 后悔,悔恨→ regretful adj. 后悔的,遗憾的→ regretfully adv. 后悔地,遗憾地11 . respect n. & vt. 尊敬,尊重;遵守→ respectable adj. 值得尊敬的→ respectful adj. ( 充满 ) 尊敬的12 . skill n. 能力,技能→ skilled / skillful adj. 熟练的(四) y1 . noise n. 吵闹声,嘈杂声→ noisy adj. 吵闹的,嘈杂的2 . rain n. 雨→ rainy adj. 下雨的3 . wind n. 风→ windy adj. 有风的,风大的4 . snow n. 雪→ snowy adj. 下雪的5 . fog n. 雾→ foggy adj. 有雾的,雾大的6 . cloud n. 云→ cloudy adj. 阴天的,多云的7 . dust n. 灰尘,尘土→ dusty adj. 布满灰尘的8 . mud n. 泥,泥浆→ muddy adj. 泥泞的9 . salt n. 盐→ salty adj. 含盐的,咸的10 . health n. 健康→ healthy adj. ( 反义词 ) 健康的11 . wealth n. 财富;财产→ wealthy adj. 富裕的;有钱的12 . luck n. 运气;好运→ lucky adj. 幸运的→ luckily adv. 幸运地;幸亏13 . risk n. 危险 vt. 使遭受危险;冒险→ risky adj. 危险的;冒险的14 . mood n. 心情;心境→ moody adj. 喜怒无常的15 . hill n. 小山→ hilly adj. 多山的;丘陵起伏的16 . hunger n. 饥饿→ hungry adj. 饥饿的17 . taste n. 味道 v. 品尝;尝起来有…… 味道→ tasty adj. 美味可口的(五) ed1 . balance n. 天平;平衡→ balanced adj. 平衡的2 . talent n. 天分,天赋,才华→ talented adj. 有才能的3 . abandon v. 放弃,抛弃→ abandoned adj. 被放弃的,被遗弃的4 . crowd n. 人群 vt. 聚拢→ crowded adj. 拥挤的5 . experience vt. 经历 n. [C] 经历 [U] 经验→ experienced adj. 有经验的6 . limit vt. 限制→ limited adj. 有限的→ limitless adj. 无限的7 . devote v. 为…… 付出时间 / 努力 / 金钱等→ devoted adj. 专心的8 . marry v. 结婚,娶,嫁→ married adj. 已婚的→ marriage n. 婚姻9 . wound v. 使受伤→ wounde d adj. 受伤的(六) ous / ious1 . mountain n. 山;山脉→ mountainous adj. 多山的→ mountaineer n. 登山运动员2. humo(u)r n. 幽默→ humorous adj. 幽默的3 . poison n. 毒,毒物→ poisonous adj. 有毒的4 . mystery n. 神秘的事物,谜→ mysterious adj. 神秘的5 . ambition n. 志气,抱负,雄心→ ambitious adj. 有志气的,有野心的6 . harmony n. 融洽,一致→ harmonious adj. 融洽的,和谐的(七) ic1 . symbol n. 象征;符号→ symbolic adj. 象征的,象征性的;2.art n. 艺术→ artistic adj. 艺术的3.energy n. 能量;精力;能源→ energetic adj. 精力充沛的(八) able1 . honour v. 尊敬,敬重→ honourable adj. 可敬的2 . suit v. 合适;适合→ suitable adj. 合适的,适合的3 . vision n. 视力,视觉→ visible adj. 看得见的→ invisible ( 反义词 ) adj. 看不见的4 . remark vi. & vt. 说起;评论 n. 评论;讲话→ remarkable adj. 显著的,非凡的5 . value n. 价值→ valuab le adj. 宝贵的,珍贵的6 . reason n. 原因,理由→ reasonable adj. 合理的;讲道理的(九) ly1 . day n. 天,日子→ daily adj. 每天的2 . week n. 周,星期→ weekly adj. 每周的3 . month n. 月→ monthly adj. 每月的4 . year n. 年→ yearly adj. 每年的5 . friend n. 朋友→ f riendly adj. 友好的6. love n. 爱→ lovely adj. 可爱的7. order n. 秩序→ orderly adj. 有条理的8 . l ively adj. 生动的,活泼的9 . likely adj. 可能的10 . lonely adj. 孤单的,寂寞的→ alone adj. 单独的,独自的 adv. 单独地,独自地(十) en和ern1 . wool n. 羊毛→ woolen adj. 羊毛的2 . wood n. 木头→ woo d en adj. 木制的3 . gold n. 金,黄金→ golden adj. 金色的;珍贵的4 . east n. 东方 adj. 东方的 adv. 在东边;朝东边→ eastern adj. 东方的5 . west n. 西方 adj. 西方的 adv. 在西边;朝西边→ western adj. 西方的6 . south n. 南方 adj. 南方的 adv. 在南边;朝南边→ southern adj. 南方的7 . north n. 北方 adj. 北方的 adv. 在北边;朝北边→ northern adj. 北方的(十一)反义词1 . aim n. 目标;目的→ aimless adj. 无目标的;无目的的2 . end n. 末端,最后部分→ end less adj. 无限的;无尽的3 . breath n. 呼吸→ breath less adj. 气喘吁吁的,喘不过气来的4 . useful adj. 有用的→ end less adj. 无用的5 . hopeful adj. 有用的→ hopeless adj. 无用的6 . helpful adj. 有帮助的→ helpless adj. 无助的;无能的;无用的7 . h arm ful adj. 有害的→ harmless adj. 无害的8 . careful adj. 有用的→ care l ess adj. 无用的9 . tasty adj. 美味的,可口的→ end less adj. 无味的10 . polite adj. 礼貌的→ impolite adj. 无礼的11 . proper adj. 适当的→ improper adj. 不适当的12 . regular adj. 有规律的;平常的→ irregular adj. 不规则的,无规律的13 . responsible adj. 负责任的;负有责任的→ ir responsible adj. 不负责任的,不可靠的14 . legal adj. 法律的;合法的→ illegal adj. 违法的;非法的(十二)其它1 . freeze vt. 冷冻→ freezing adj. 冷冰冰的;极冷的→ frozen adj. 结冰的;冻结的2 . surround vt. 围绕;环绕→ surrounding adj. 周围的→ surroundings n. 周围环境3 . refresh v. 使恢复精力;使凉爽→ refreshing adj. 令人耳目一新的4 . remain v. 仍然,有待→ remaining adj. 剩余的→ remains n. 遗迹;遗体5 . favour n. 恩惠;善意的行为→ favourite adj. 特别受喜爱的6 . evidence n. 证据→ evident adj. 显然的,明显的三.副词fortunate → fortunate ly immediate → immediate ly safe → safe lywide → wide ly polite → polite ly plete → plete lyentire → entire ly rare → rare ly close → close lyextreme → extreme ly strange → strange ly large → large lyrelative → relative ly effective → effective ly sure → sure lybrave → brave ly fiece → fiece ly absolute → absolute lydefinite → definite ly mere → mere ly true → trulypossible → possibly probable → probably terrible → terriblyfortable → fortably simple → simply四.动词( 一 ) en / en1.deep adj. 深的→ deepen v t . 加深2.broad adj. 宽阔的,广阔的→ broaden v t . 拓宽3.wide adj. 宽的→ widen v t . 加宽4.sharp adj. 尖的,锋利的→ sharpen v t . 使锋利,削尖5.bright adj. 明亮的→ brighten v t . (使)发亮;(使)生色;(使)快乐6.threat n. 威胁→ threaten v t . 威胁7.fright n. 恐惧,害怕→ frighten v t . 使……恐惧,使……害怕8.strength n. 力气→ strengthen v t . 加强rge ad j. 大的→ enlarge vt . 扩大10.rich adj. 丰富的→ enrich v t . 丰富11.courage n. 勇气→ encourage v t . 鼓励12.danger n. 危险→ endanger vt. 危及,使遭受危险;( 二 )fy/ify1.identity n. 身份;特性→ identify vt. 确定;辨别2.quality n.品质→ qualify n.有资格;胜任3.class n. 等级,类别→ classify vt. 将……分类4.simple adj. 简单的→ simplify vt. 简化(三)re 再;又;回;返1.build v.建立→ rebuild v.重建2.start v.开始→ restart v.重启3.cycle v.骑自行车;循环→ recycle v.回收再利用;循环4.call v.打;称呼→ recall v.回想起;召回5.place v.放置;n.地点→ replace v.取得;替代6.move v.移动→ remove v.移除;去除。
人教版初中英语派生词汇总
v.
n.
prep.
crowd
crowded
uncrowded
n.
adj.
adj.
danger
dangerous
endangered
n.
adj.
adj.
day
daily
n.
adj.
decide
decision
v.
n.
depend
independent
independence
v.
adj.
n.
v.
n.
clear
clearly
adj.
adv.
climb
climber
v.
n.
cloud
cloudy
n.
adj.
comfortable
comfortably
uncomfortable
adj.
adv.
adj.
communicate
communication
v.
n.
compete
competition
v.
adj.
adj.
adv.
adj.
celebrate
celebration
v.
n.
center
central
n.
adj.
certain
certainly
adj.
adv.
change
exchange
v.
n.
cheap
cheaply
adj.
adv.
China
Chinese
n.
adj.
choose
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一、动词→名词1.动词+ -ercook→cookerdance→dancerdrive→driverlead→leaderlearn→learnerlisten→listenermanage→managerplay→playerread→readerreport→reporterrun→runnersing→singerspeak→speakerswim→swimmerteach→teachertravel→travelerwait→waiterwin→winnerwork→workerwrite→writer2.动词+ -oract→actordirect→directorinvent→inventorvisit→ visitor3.动词+-tionattend→attentioncelebrate→celebration communicate→communication congratulate→congratulation direct→directioneducate→educationexplain→explanation introduce→introduction invent→inventioninvite→invitationpollute→pollutionprepare→preparation pronounce→pronunciation protect→protectionsuggest→suggestion4.动词+ -sion decide→decisiondiscuss→discussionexpress→expression5.动词+ -mentachieve→achievementagree→agreementdevelop→development6.动词+ -ressact→actresswait→waitress7.动词+ -thbear→birthbreathe →breathgrow→growth8.特例live→lifesave→safeweigh→weightfly→flighthigh→heightchoose→choiceserve→serviceknow→knowledgespeak→speechdiscover→dicoveryplease→pleasurelaugh→laughter二、动词→形容词1.动词+ -fulcare→carefulhelp→helpfulthank→thankfuluse→usefulwonder→wonderful2.动词+ -ing/-edamaze→amazing→amazed bore→boring→boredexcite→exciting→excited interest→interested→interested relax→relaxing→relaxed satisfy→satisfied→satisfying surprise→surprising→surprised tire→tired→tiring3. a- +动词live→alivewake→awakesleep→asleep4.动词+ -able believable→believable comf ort→comfortable enjoy→enjoyable value→valuable5.动词+ -tiveact→activeattract→attractive6.特例die→deadfill→full三、名词→名词1.名词+ -istart→artistpiano→pionist science→scientisttour→tuoristviolin→violinist2.名词+ -an (n. & adj.) America→American Asia→AsianCanada→Canadian Europe→European India→Indian Australia→Australian Russia→Russian3.名词+ -achehead→headache stomach→stomcachache tooth→toothache4.名词+ -ianmagic→magician music→musician physics→physician5. 特例crime→criminal Germany→German四、名词→形容词1.名词+ -ycloud→cloudydirt→tirty fun→funnyhealth→healthyice→icyluck→luckynoise→noisyrain→rainysalt→saltyshine→shinysleep→sleepysnow→snowysunny→sunnywind→windy2.名词+ -lyday→dailyweek→weeklylove→lovelyfriend→friendly3.名词+ -fulbeauty→beautifulcolor→colorful success→successful harm→harmful4.名词+ -lesscare→carelesshome→homeless meaning→meaningless use→useless5.名词+ -ernsouth→southernnorth→northernwest→westerneast→eastern southeast→southeastern northeast→northeastern southwest→southwestern northwest→northwestern 6.名词+ -alcentre→central education→educational medicine→medical music→musicalnation→national nature→naturalperson→personalphysics→physical tradition→traditional7.名词+ -ousdanger→dangerousfame→famoushumor→humorous8.名词+ -enwood→woodengold→golden8.特例talent→talentedFrance→Frenchpride→proudfool→foolishBritain→BritishEngland→English五、名词→动词advice→advisefood→feedlife→livesale→sell六、形容词→名词1.形容词+ -erforeign→foreignerown→ownerstrange→stranger2.形容词+ -nessfair→fairnesshappy→happinessill→illnesssad→sadness3.形容词+ -tydifficult→difficultysafe→safetyactive→activity4.形容词-t改为-ce different→difference important→importance independent→independence silent→silence5.形容词+ -thtrue→truthdead→deathwarm→warmth 6.特例able→abilitypopular→popularitypride→proudsafe→save七、形容词→副词1.形容词+ -lybeautiful→beautifullycareful→carefullycertain→certainlycheap→cheaplyclear→clearlyfinal→finallygreat→greatlylate→latelyloud→loudlynormal→normallypolite→politelyquick→quicklyquiet→quietlyrecent→recentlysafe→safelyserious→seriouslyslow→slowlystrong→stronglysudden→suddenlyusual→usuallywide→widelywonderful→wonderfully2.形容词-y结尾y变i+ -lyangry→angrilyeasy→easilyhappy→happilyheavy→heavilylucky→luckily3.形容词-e结尾去e+ -lycomfortable→comfortablypossible→possiblyprobable→probablysimple→simplyterrible→terriblytrue→truly(to be continued)原形加前缀dis-/ un-/im-表否定disableddisagreedisappeardiscoverdislikedishonestdisagreedisadvantageuneasyunbelievableuncrowdedunexpectedunfairunhappyunknownunluckyunusualimpossibleimpolite(to be continued)九、加前缀re-表“再,重复”tell→retellbuild→rebuildwrite→rewriteuse→reuse十、加前缀inter-表“相互”internationalinterviewInternet十一、加前缀tele-表示“远”远telephonetelevision十二、加前缀kilo-表“千”kilometer/kilometrekilogram十三、加前缀mid-表“中间的”mid-autumnmidnightmid-term(the end)。