在女性主义视角下解读《名利场》英语论文
《名利场》中的女性——等级意识
毕业论文The Female Characters in Vanity Fair-the Characters under the Influence of Hierarchical Consciousnessand Male Chauvinism《名利场》中的女性——等级意识和男权意识下的女性形象教务处制Abstract:The Vanity Fair is the masterpiece of the great realistic writer William Makepeace Thackeray‟s. His works vividly reflects the life scene of the English people from all social strata and reveal the virtues and ugliness at that time.This paper aims to analyzing the female characters in this book and finding out how both obsession of hierarchy of British society and male chauvinism affect the female‟s traits and their destinies in this novel.Key words: obsession of hierarchy; male chauvinism; feministContents1 Introduction of Vanity Fair and William Makepeace Thackeray (1)2 The Influence of Constitutional Monarchy and Colonial Expansion (1)3 The Brief Introduction of Rabecca (2)3.1 Rebacca‟s Tough Growing Environment (2)3.2 Rebecca Grasped Every Possible Opportunity to Change Her Life (3)3.3 Rebe cca‟s Shrewd and Ability (3)3.4 Rebe cca‟s Marriage with Rawdon An noyed Miss Crawley (3)3.5 Addicted to Upper Class. (4)3.6 The Adoration of Money and Position Twisted the Mind of Rebacca. (4)3.7 Rebecca Was Cold, Vanity and Greedy (5)3.8 The Social Ethics and Male Chauvinism Imposed on Rebacca (6)3.9 Rebacca‟s Traits and Feminism (6)4 Male Supremacy Culture Controlled the Female Characters (7)4.1 Men in Vanity Fair Regarded Women as Toys (7)4.2 Analysis of Male‟s Impacts on Females (7)5 The Writter‟s Attitude toward Female Characters in The Book. (9)5.1 The Author‟s Praise and Blames for Traditional Woman Amelia (9)5.2 The Author‟s Criticism of Female‟s Ignorance and Shortsighted View (10)6 Some True Essence of Love and Marriage. (11)7 Woman‟s Problems at That Time. (11)8 Other Female Characters in The Novel (11)8.1 Auntie Crawley Represented Hypocritical Upper Class People. (11)8.2 Independent and Depressive Females. (12)8.3 The Women in Miserable Marriage (13)9 Vanity Fair Ruined Family Bond. (13)10 The Whole Society‟s Deformity (14)11 The Author‟s Masculine Culture and Troditional Con cepts (14)12 Comparision with Other Female Characters . (15)Bibliography ................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
《名利场》读书心得
《名利场》读书心得英文回答："Vanity Fair" is a novel by William Makepeace Thackeray, first published in 1848. It is a satirical social commentary on the upper classes of British society duringthe Regency era. The novel follows the lives of two young women, Becky Sharp and Amelia Sedley, as they navigate the complexities of marriage, social status, and morality.Becky Sharp is a cunning and ambitious young woman who uses her intelligence and wit to climb the social ladder. She is willing to do whatever it takes to achieve her goals, even if it means manipulating and deceiving others. Amelia Sedley, on the other hand, is a kind and gentle young woman who is often naive and trusting. She is easily taken advantage of by those around her, but she remains steadfast in her beliefs and values.The novel is a sharp critique of the vanity andhypocrisy of the upper classes. Thackeray uses humor and irony to expose the shallowness and materialism of his characters. He also explores the themes of love, loss, and redemption."Vanity Fair" is considered one of the great classicsof English literature. It has been adapted into numerous films and television series, and it continues to be readand enjoyed by readers around the world.中文回答：《名利场》是威廉·梅克皮斯·萨克雷于1848年首次出版的一部小说。
名利场毕业论文
毕业论文（设计）题目From Shaping the Characters of Becky to Analysis Thackeray`s Criticism on the British Society in Vanity Fair学院外国语学院专业英语年级 2012级学生邓小岚学号 120310311 指导教师袁德成从《名利场》中蓓基的人物形象塑造看萨克雷对英国社会的批判英语专业学生:邓小岚指导教师:袁德成摘要：《名利场》是一部富有讽刺寓意的小说，使萨克雷在英国文学史上占据了不可动摇的地位，人们尊称他为讽刺小说界的大师，人们把他与查尔斯狄更斯齐名。
《名利场》通过刻画女主人公蓓基的人物性格特征来表现作者萨克雷对当时英国社会的批判，蓓基爱慕虚荣，八面玲珑，趋炎附势，自私自利，虚伪，为了达到自己的目的而不择手段，并且逃避责任，这些都是当时英国那些上流社会达官贵人的基本特征。
女主人公蓓基把自己的美色展露给大家，尤其是达官贵人，对达官贵人使眼色，眉目传情，凭借和达官贵人的不正当关系来提升自己的地位，获得金钱，获得金银珠宝，锦衣玉食。
一个普通女人如何获得财富？当然不是靠自己的双手，而是靠男人。
蓓基的一生中出现过很多男人，罗登是她丈夫，然而她并不爱自己的丈夫，只是因为她以为罗登是家产继承人而嫁给了他。
本文通过研究作者萨克雷对女主人公蓓基的性格描写来揭露和批判当时英国社会中很多跟蓓基一样为了了进入上流社会而不择手段。
关键词：人物形象塑造；英国社会；批判；名利场ABSTRACTVanity Fair is a novel which full of ironic implication, which has made Thackeray`s unshakable position in the history of British literature. People regard him as a master of fiction and he is equally famous as Charles Dickens. Vanity Fair by depicting the heroine Becky`s personality traits to represent Thackeray`s criticism on British society at that time, Becky is vanity, versatility, timeserving, selfishness and hypocrisy. She always avoids responsibility, those are the typical basic features of the English polite social dignitaries. The heroine Becky shows everyone her own beauty, especially to the dignitaries, winking and flirting dignitaries and keeping improper relationship with dignitaries to improve her own positions, get the money, get gold and silver jewelry, and luxurious. How to gain wealth as an ordinary woman? Of course not by their own hands, but by the man. Becky's life appeared a lot of men, Rawdon is her husband, she does not love her husband, however, just because she thought Rawdon is the heir to the fortune and so married him. In this paper, by studying author Thackeray`s character portrayal of the heroine Becky to expose and criticize at that time a lot of woman like Becky in order to enter the upper society by hook or by crook in British society.Key words: the shaping of image; the British society; critical; Vanity FairContentsPart one. Introduction (3)1.1A brief introduction of Thackeray (3)1.2An introduction of Vanity Fair (3)Part two. The character analysis of Vanity Fair (3)2.1 Cold (3)2.2 Hypocritical (3)2.3 Vanity (3)2.4 Versatility (3)2.5 Timeserving (3)2.6 Selfishness (3)2.7 Conclusion of Becky`s characteristic (3)Part Three. The positive character of Becky (3)3.1 The bold man (3)3.2 Dare to resist (3)3.3 Wit and smart (3)Part Four. The film and comment (3)4.1 The film of Vanity Fair and the director (3)4.2 The role of Becky (3)4.3 The making process of this film (3)Part Five.The wrong outlook on life (3)5.1An early to see the reality of the society (3)5.2The marriage as a "ladder" (3)Part Six. Conclusion (3)Bibliography (3)Acknowledgments (18)From Shaping the Characters of Becky to Analysis Thackeray`s Criticism on the British Society in Vanity FairPart one. Introduction1.1A brief introduction of ThackerayVanity Fair is a masterpiece of the greatest British realist and humorist writer Thackeray. Thackeray is a prolific writer, he has a collection of 35 volume; His early works are humorous stories and poetry, such as the descriptions of Paris, the Irish descriptions, etc.; In the middle,he start to create critical realism novels, and which novel laid his position in the literary world in UK is Vanity Fair, which is published in 1848, the novel not only established his place in the English literature but also made Thackeray acknowledged as the eponymous famous novelist Dickens.1.2An introduction of Vanity FairA Novel without a Hero is a novel by English author William Makepeace Thackeray, first published in 1847–48, satirising society in early 19th-century Britain. It follows the lives of two women, Becky Sharp and Amelia Sedley, amid their friends and family. The novel is now considered a classic, and has inspired several film adaptations. In 2003, Vanity Fair was listed at #122 on the BBC's The Big Read poll of the UK's best-loved books.The book's title comes from John Bunyan's allegorical story The Pilgrim's Progress, first published in 1678 and still widely read at the time of Thackeray's novel. In that work, "Vanity Fair" refers to a stop along the pilgrim's route: a never-ending fair held in a town called Vanity, which is meant to represent man's sinful attachment to worldly things.This novel is originated from the early 19th century British upper-class, mainly describes the two women's fate in different personalities, shows the world at that time the British society moral crisis and corruption, and expose and criticize the capitalistsociety, social change in temperature and the concept of money. This novels mainly describing the dark of British high society and the phenomenon of all kinds of people planning plot, lies, teasing the life for fame and wealth. The novel Vanity Fair is Thackeray's most famous work, it is also the most representative work in19th century British critical realism literature. Vanity Fair, through the arrangement of the plot in an attempt to prove "everything is undeserved reputation float," it reveals the prosperity of capitalist society with light outside, let people see the essence of it. Thackeray himself said that he would write "a group of extremely selfish and folly people desperately committed and enthusiastic pursuit of undeserved reputation in Vanity Fair" Vanity Fair doesn`t have so tight story structure, the content of the matter is basically made up of the life of two heroines Becky and Amelia together. Amelia is a bourgeois miss and Becky is nothing at all, through the fate of the two heroines, Thackeray describes a variety of people in the high society. This article through the analysis of the two women characters to reveals the corruption, moral people's selfish, hypocritical treacherous in the higher British society.In 19th century of Britain, Becky sharp was born poor but ambitious to step into the higher class society from an early age, to achieve her goal, she does not hesitate to use any means, this novel is about how the heroine Becky use her own beauty and wisdom to conquer the world. At first Becky was working as a governor in Sir Pitt Crawley`s home, where not only all the children liked her, but also the spinster aunt Matilda Crawley did. In Becky`s mind that she knew that if she didn`t leave the country and go to London to live, she cannot truly step into the higher British society. So when aunt Matilda invite Becky to go to London, Becky accepted the invitation without any hesitation. In London, Becky met her good friend again in pink, Kingston college, a well-off Amelia Sedley. Amelia Sedley fell in love with the charming officer George, without thinking any against from her family and resolutely married him, and Becky also secretly married Rawdon Crawley, the most likely heir in Crawley`s family, and then Matilda aggravated the newly-married couple out of the house. At this point, Napoleon launched the war against Europe again, George was called up with Rawdon , there are only two friends lived alone ever after...Part two. The character analysis of Vanity Fair2.1 ColdBecky sharp is cold which embodied in her son, she is indifference to her son. A scene once wrote, Rawdon play with son and threw up his son high and accidentally hit his head on the ceiling, knock very heavy, and then Rawdon, the father said don't cry, otherwise will wake the mother, and the child endure not to cry. We can see that her cold let her both own son and husband fear. She doesn't love her husband, her husband was only a higher servant, when her husband put in jail, she was still with play with Lord stein.2.2 HypocriticalBecky sharp is hypocrisy. Amelia Sedley is her best friend, and they used to be together as sisters, however, she and Rawdon design a caught cheating Amy`s husband, George`s money, and when she meet Amy, she pretend to be very concern about her husband, and say, "My dear, for god sake, try to stop him gambling quickly. She told Amy that George was gambling every day, do you know that he is not so rich, if he is not careful, he would lost all his money to Rawdon." Becky sharp by hook or by crook, all with gambling, blackmail. They "cheat the landlord, took off a cheque to the honest banker`s money, bought jewelry without paying."2.3 VanityVanity Fair`s heroine Becky is very vanity, with all her heart secretly into upper class society life, and so eloquent must be one of her essential skill. There are many such examples abound in the book.In the evening they went to Brussels, Becky started to chat with George. Becky looked at the moon with smiling and said: "who would have thought that the moon is two hundred and thirty-six thousand eight hundred and forty-seven miles away from us here, am I good memory? "...（W.M.Thackeray 2010 :283)Becky's eloquent successful lay the foundation of her into the upper classsociety, her positive evaluation of her abilities, behaved quite natural, which make the listener in imperceptible in affection for her, by this way she improved her status in British upper class society. Also there are many people like her in the down class, they are so poor, they want to change their life to become a member of the upper class.2.4 VersatilityBecky is a clever woman, she found that Miss likes to make fun of others, so she tries every mean to deride its social circle together with the old lady, almost every one of Miss social circle , in order to please Miss .Such as:If Sir Pitt Treating guests without inviting Becky company, Miss crow can break into a furious rage, "How can Miss Sharp not come , she is the only one who can talked a few words with me in zone. (W.M.Thackeray 2010:122)Becky was lively and cute, and versatility. No matter in what situation, as long as that there is someone who can be helpful to her future, she will try all possible way to please them. Becky is just a typical sample of that time, similarly, there are a lot of people in British society for the sake of their future fawn on anyone who can be helpful..2.5 TimeservingBecky is very good at flattering, she is not only to please Sir , but also show her wisdom and talent in front of him, her flattery ability makes readers eye-opening. Becky, devoting all her heart to flattery, so lets talk about what is the real purpose of her? Might as well listen to her words to Rawdon: "I'm asking Mrs Jean taking me into palace next year, I want your brother to place you in the congress, you idiot! I want you and your brother all vote to Stan, my dear fool! In that way you can be the Irish governor, or the secretary of the west Indies, or the treasurer officer, or consular,or something like this. (W.M.Thackeray 2010 :478)This confession of Becky totally show her enthusiasm for fame, and the pursuit for wealth, she is double-faced, she know what should be talked to what kind of person, so she win the favor from a lot of people in the upper class. Becky is just a special case, of course, for that most people want to integrate into the upper society, this is a skill what they must master.2.6 SelfishnessBecky has its own set of plans, she knew that only by dealing with the relationship between Rawdon and Sir Pitt which can help her into upper society, reflects that the following statement: "Sir Pitt he may die and his sons, and we will be Sir Rawdon and Sir Madam, then the reader will find that Becky did eventually in the help of Sir successful step into the court paradise. Becky advice Rawdon do not to fight with Sir B , it is all in the hands of her, she wasn't really in order to alleviate Rawdon and Sir Pitt relationship, but in order that she can smoothly enter the upper society, she know that Sir will help her, so she tries every possible mean to stop the fight between finish Sir and Rawdon, its just from her selfishness..2.7 Conclusion of Becky`s characteristicThackeray through describe the main character, reveals the theme of the novel, the British society is a vanity fair. Becky Sharp, which is the daughter of a poor painter, is the product of the Victorian chase fame and wealth society. Though she is born in the lower class, but she is beautiful, bandage, extreme selfishness. After graduating from boarding school in the form of work-study program, started by a small family teachers, even the use a variety of means to seduce powerful giants, firmly seize every opportunity to step into the upper class, become a shining star, the only goal is to get fame and wealth, and to live a comfortable life which can let everyone envy. Becky, which is one of the most successful female adventurer, amasterpiece of critical realism.When she aim at empty luxury life, all the resources become her tools, including sex, family love and friendship...With cold and selfish, hypocrisy, greed to describe Becky sharp was really suit.Part Three. The positive character of Becky3.1 The bold manSimone DE once said: "A woman is not innate, but by shaping. The ego of a woman is not decided by her sex, but determined by the social and economic environment". Social culture and economy determines the status of women. At Victorian times, women have no chance to increase knowledge by education or work, they are just told what kind of behavior is specification, which bound the personality of women. As a Victorian women, Becky should not be so smart. Although she is a poor orphan, but she wants to win respect, economic status and social status. Her independent personality conflicts with what social status she was given. Why she wants to get respect is rooted in her own experience when she was a young child. When her father was drunk, the wife and daughter would be beaten, and her father would complaint social injustice. Her father's abuse contributed to her anger, she wanted to have a different childhood, but the social definition of female restrict her. Therefore, in her life, to live with her goals and desires is a great challenge for her. Only the upper and middle class women have a chance to accept education about words and deeds. Like Becky, a girl from the bottom of the social, life will be more bound.3.2 Dare to resistAfter her father died, Becky was allowed to stay in school, but have to teach French to girls. Becky was offended by other students` discrimination, so she began todesire for prestige extremely. Life in school made her more aware that she is alone and no others can depend on. So she began to plan her own future. She was fed up with her treatment, and determined to try every means to enter the upper society. However, before graduation, she found that challenge the traditional idea would only bring disgrace on her own head. As a result, she hid her anger and ambitions, pretend to be obedience. She learned from Emily that obedience and innocent will be more liked. Even after she got her aim social status, Becky still showed her own rebellion. Born rebel that she won't change her behavior to meet the social expectations of women. Carefully, she deals with the people around her, and then she laugh behind they. The disgrace of Lord Stan let her get satisfaction, because of his noble status symbol of the social system set a cage for her childhood.3.3 Wit and smartAccording to Simone, traditional woman cannot leave the man and consider herself alone, but man can consider about himself only without considering the woman. Becky controls or deceives men through her intelligence, changes the role of women are inferior. As a governess, by becoming an indispensable character to break the rules of the society for women is limited. In the host`s home, even though she is just a private tutor, but she found herself dominated transactions as a matter of fact. Through her words and actions, she controls the people around her, make them believe that she is a woman who just like Emily, obedience and ignorance like child.Part Four. The film and comment4.1 The film of Vanity Fair and the director“Ah! Vanitas Vanitatum! Which of us is happy in this world? Which of us has his desire? Or, having it, is satisfied? ----come, children, let us shut up the box and the puppets, for our play is played out.”(W.M.Thackeray 2010:774) This is the last sentence in Vanity Fair of William Thackeray`s novel. Vanity Fair, completed in 1847 to 1848, by reputation in the early 19th century, it is the most vivid and interesting description. It is that the conclusion of the Vanity Fair inspired director, Mira Nair. She said: "I want to shoot the film, because Thackeray and I have many commonquestions: we all have a dream, when the dream come true, will we be happy? What is satisfaction? What is desire? What's life fame and wealth? Thackeray's novel is the best film material, precisely described what was happening in Britain at that time, this paper expounds an eternal theme. Particularly plump characters will resonate with modern people, I think Becky is one of the greatest female characters in literary works."For the classic novel, Neil has its own unique insights.Coincidentally, Thackeray's spent his childhood in Calcutta in India, and Neil also grew up in India, her personal experience can complement and recreate Thackeray's novel.Producer Janette Day want to made the novel into a film as early as 10 years ago. Becky is more like the modern women, "she said, just born in the wrong time. In the materialistic crazy world, she is vitality and different from others."For the film's writer and joint production team, Matthew Faulk and Mark Skeet, they are able to work as an adaptation is a lucky gift for them, because in the process of novel Thackeray provides a large number of people, so to change the story based on Vanity Fair is the dream of all writers. In addition, in order to further enrich the script, who won the Oscar for best screenplay award Julian fellows joined the adaptation of the squad.4.2 The role of BeckyAs the project of the film forming gradually, casting work also began, who will be choose to play Becky is the most important work for them, Reese Witherspoon were invited to sign in. Witherspoon said: "I am excited to got a call from the Mira, we had met two years ago, because I'm her fan, hope to be able to cooperate with her. Between words, I found that we are familiar sensitive to the female subject, her grasp of the genre is amazing."Witherspoon think that who she plays, Becky is a feminist, the role of Becky is very modern. Although she lost her parents and become homeless, but she is still desire for success, and every success is rely on her own ability.Screenwriter Fellows said, "Reese can show emotional at the same time, this is her special place. Becky is also interesting, intelligent and complex, and smart andambitious and practical at the same time." Director Neil said: "Reese is very suited to play Becky, she and I also hope to be able to perform this role very much. She really had the characteristics of wit, cunning, charming and illusory, Becky, this role is very complicated, but I don't want to get Becky who hated by others, because after all, she is cunning, she is not liked by most people. Reese`s acting just can seize the audience's subtle emotions, let the audience follow her ups and downs together.4.3 The making process of this filmProducer Lydia Dean Pilcher said: "In the UK, we have the most incredible scenes available. Mira is a connoisseur of photography and painting, there is a clear aesthetic point of view; and Dick, who has a deep heart. So this two people working together can create the most truly images."Quinn said: "I have listened to her about the idea of the story, and what she wants to do with film. This is a story of very British, and to tell from the angle of the onlooker. I am Irish Americans, of course, is also a bystander, like the others, my ideas about the story and characters also are different from Mira, therefore, Mira consulted with everyone.Production designer Maria Djurkovic fully consider the colonial influence of the early 19th century, when Britain increasing the number of colonies, at the same time also exert a subtle influence on to accept the risk from colonies such as India, north Africa, and China, the influence of effective recreate the era characteristics is very important.In order to be more loyal to the historical facts, Djurkovic chose a large number of vibrant color. Because at that time under the influence of the east, so the fabric in the film, paper, and the choice of locations were meticulous. Film causeway, Morocco lanterns which appeared and China and Indian fabric also appeared, and so on.Part Five.The wrong outlook on lifeBecky, which is desperately seek status and wealth in her life, because of the society, the value of money and social status is the only standard. Even if she reached the target (such as married Rawdon), but later found out that these goals are not completely satisfied, or (for example with the British upper class) eventually feelboring.Which has so inner monologue: "I think if I have five thousand pounds a year's takings, will also do a serious woman" the author`s heart immediately echo: "who can say Becky is wrong? why women are different and serious? Who can say it's not money that way?". This passage confirms "vanity fair" is a focus on potential, mercenary, plunder to deceive the world, there is no justice in this world. There are two main cause of error goal in life.5.1An early to see the reality of the societyBitterness family situation, leading to deformity of attitude to life. Becky is from a lower petty-bourgeois family, her father is a painter, impoverished and hard-drinking; her mother is a stray singer, soon after he left, she gave birth to a daughter. Although she is proficient in French, but cultural level is not high, Becky had endured the hardships of life, from childhood to follow her father lived a full credit days, for her father's debt. In order to make a living, she often need to deal with all kinds of people, so she learned the skills of sweet words, she can coax a collection of people come to their senses. Becky, smart, intelligence, agile and sharp at an early age. In order to survive, she must hone their tenacity, alert, she must withstand the supercilious look around and life's difficulties. Her father often take her together to listen to those wild friends to chat, that has made her young age, she even had not done her childhood, she becomes an adult woman since the age of eight, poor life has made her a much more sensible than their peers. Such increased her childhood life of the upper social life yearning.After his father's death, Becky boarding at pinker ton's girls' school. It was like a monastery and as a prison to Becky , she not only at school, insecurity and work-study program. Although she has excellent eloquence and music talent, speaks perfect French, but ignored because of the poor and humble, discrimination and neglect's classmates and teachers. Emily and classmates, principal due to born with a silver spoon in her mouth, the family rich favor and courtesy. At an early age she saw through the fickleness of the world, human changes in temperature of the bud is to deepen knowledge disparity between people are decided by money and status.Coldly, torture and abuse in her mind formed the distorted memory,humiliation had had a serious alienation life made her personality, she formed the cold in resentment, envy, selfish character.She hated the social forces, think of themselves as prefer on a bit as good as rich lady.When Becky leaving school, take Emily's carriage to self her also began a new life.She determined to extricate themselves from the "cage", then set about action, start the "calculation" of his future.She need food, clothing and shelter, or in the full name and survive in the strange city.In reality, the rich will get the respect of people, get a good reputation.The poverty of people like her father, only will come down in life;Without the identity of the person like her mother, only will be the best society.Since unhappy family can't give her a good background, high social status, blinding ostentation and extravagance, it all on their own struggle. Becky realize this deeply, and put it into a positive action, to change their circumstances. Since then, Becky to exert all one's skill, step by step into society, fantasy becomes the object of many men pursue and the focus of the aristocratic circles.5.2The marriage as a "ladder"Wrong marriage and unfortunate life contributed to the development. The heroine uses marriage as her pursuit of wealth, power and status. She constantly planning how to boost her social status through the marriage. But she ignores the real marriage, love is looking for the other half of my life, marriage is two people over a period of time. Love is the foundation of marriage, because both sides have the feelings of love and honor each other would married, two people to share happiness and sorrow, understand each other after the marriage, to build better homes. No love marriage is not reliable.She regrets not her mother, at the beginning of the novel to running it for her, she had to depend on oneself. In Emily home when she started to capture Joseph is only for money. Although she strongly praised the Joseph clothing, praised the taste of Indian food, efforts to please the mother of Joseph in the casino to Joseph initiative, but she doesn't care about him, in private also laugh at him. Marriage for Becky is a shortcut to change her life.Then when she had never put off till tomorrow what you can to take off the crow, she will try our best to help him deal with some complex transactions, and his daughters into friendly relations, make him feel without her.When finish off glory had asked her to marry him, she was veryregret, because she has to Rawdon secretly married. Obviously if she not married, she was happily married, never put off till tomorrow what you can to take off the crow. She is only interested in money. She is lost when the crow lady opportunity greatly regret.We know from the novel, she was married Rawdon is she the life of the lady to crow error estimation results, plus she thinks Rawdon will inherit his aunt's heritage.Her selfishness, heart cold. She used her beauty and wisdom Rawdon attention, but she doesn't love her husband.She flattered him surface, the bottom of my heart look down upon him. To her husband could be killed in the war is indifferent, it is very concerned about how much money he gave himself. When Rawdon abandoned her, she doesn't regret marriage; Because of the failure, just for investment in marriage didn't get rich rewards and regret. Her improper relationship with Lord, Dan more illustrates her to his unfaithfulness, betrayal of marriage.ConclusionVanity Fair is the critical realism masterpiece, it tartly conscience on improper buying and selling. The author applied the profound psychological description and outline to depict vivid character, this kind of way was deeply loved by readers and highly praised by others. Vanity fair are the overall features of irony, embodied in three aspects: the first is Socrates ironic narration, and second is irony dialogue between characters and the irony fate of the characters. From the perspective of speech act analysis of this work.Vanity Fair's ironic features have very important effect on revealing the author's critical spirit and calling the reader's participation and cooperation.Vanity Fair is 19th century British critical realism writer Thackeray. Works by describing the early 19th century British ruling class life, through the irony of the upper social classes of men to attack the bourgeois social relations. In this society, the bourgeoisie of the ruling class all resorts to obtain money by fair means or foul. Becky, which is one of the typical representatives. The only pursuit of her life was to get fame and wealth. In order to get fame and wealth, she actively by quiet life into luxury nothing vanity fair. She and the old people of small kept improper relationship, the only purpose is to use them to live a comfortable life they want.The author through the fate of Becky, which unfolds, shows the British ruling class life successfully. So far, Vanity Fair is the start of the bourgeois society the irony of the。
VanityFair名利场英文简介读后感故事梗概
VanityFair名利场英文简介读后感故事梗概第一篇：Vanity Fair 名利场英文简介读后感故事梗概Vanity Fair: A Novel without a Hero is written by William Makepeace Thackeray.This novel tells the lives of two starkly contrasted girls: Becky Sharp, orphaned and poor but ingenious, and Amelia Sedley, sheltered daughter of a rich city merchant.They two meet at Miss Pinkerton’s Academy for young ladies, the former driven by social ambition, while the latter by her delicate heart.And it satirizes the society in early 19th-century Britain.The book gives me an entire view of the life which is pretty extravagant.It tells us that Becky is a beautiful, strong-willed and cunning young woman who is determined to make her way to the upper society.She makes every possible effort by hooking or by crooking to get rid of poverty.And she failed in the end.By contrast, Amelia Sedley is a good-natured, loveable though simple-minded young girl.She does not understand what life is.And she is portrayed by her husband and friend Becky.She is such a coward that she does not run counter to her fate and always accepts the reality quite contently as it is.She is so pitiful and conventional.Yet God blesses her, she comes across a perfect man Dobbin and gets married to him at last.After finished reading, I found that a vanity fair is a hypocritical, commercial and money-grabbing aristocratic society.Although the book was written in the 19th century, it still can reflect the reality nowadays.In our society, some people are unable to see things clearly.They are confused because their minds are full of wealth, power, vanity and so on.And they become slaves of vanity eventually.Since vanity fair is a trap that everyone is likely to step into, we had better be careful when weare pursuing something.第二篇：名利场读后感《名利场》读后感---现实与美好看来我还是喜欢那种令人满意的结局，虽然算不上皆大欢喜，不过也够令人为主人公欢呼喝彩的了，名利场读后感。
解读《名利场》中的女性主义
分类号: H31 密级：无学士学位论文解读《名利场》中的女性主义An Analysis of Feminism in Vanity Fair系别专业：西语系英语专业姓名学号：赵雪娇 1233428年级班级： 2012级 4班指导教师及职称：孙桂荣副教授2016年4月吉林师范大学博达学院学位论文原创性声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的学位论文，是本人在指导教师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的成果。
除了论文中特别加以标注的地方外，论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。
申请学位论文与资料若有不实之处，本人承担一切相关责任。
作者签字：赵雪娇日期：2016年 4 月 13 日指导教师签字：日期：年月日摘要小说名利场是英国19世纪著名批判现实主义作家萨克雷的成名作品。
作品刻画了截然不同的而又相关交连的两位女性人物贝基、夏普和艾米莉亚、赛得利。
通过这两个女人的悲欢离合，萨克雷反应的是维多利亚时代一个以男性为主导的社会，当时社会风气的腐化堕落和伦理道德败坏的现状。
造就了一种以艾米莉亚为代表的“家中的天使”的女性形象。
而另一种则是以夏普为代表的对当时这种父权制的反抗，勇于向维多利亚习俗挑战，敢于追求财富和地位的女性形象。
关键词名利场，女性形象，维多利亚时代，反抗Abstract The Vanity Fair is a famous novel that was wrote by the critical realism writer Thackeray in 19th century. it describes two different and related girls, Rebecca and Amelia. Thackeray reveals a male-dominated society at Victorian age from the vicissitudes of two women. it’s a corruptand immoral social culture. It creates a “angle in the house”female image that represented by Amelia and the other is a brave to rebel patriarchy, to challenge against Victorian customs, to pursuit wealth and position female image that represented by Rebecca.Key words Vanity fair, Female image, Victorian age, Rebel1. IntroductionThackeray’ s life and his Vanity FairWilliam Makepeace Thackeray is one of the greatest critical realists of 19th century. Thackeray was born in July 1811 in Indian Calcutta ,and died in December 1863 in London, he was sent to England to study at six years old and inherited his father’s heritage at adult, but soon squandered, and then he studied law and drawing but not succeed, a series of the experience of failure that make him familiar with all levels of upper-middle-class, and later to practice writing writes for newspapers and magazines, published essays, travel notes, etc. Thackeray is a prolific writer. The works more than 35 volumes. His early works are humorous story and poetry. He created critical realism novel at the middle and published vanity fair in 1848. The book established his position in the English literature, and he is considered the great counterpart to dickens in the mid-Victorian novel. He writes novel try to be objective , not hide and distort the facts in his love or desire. There is not a hero in the story so vanity fair’s sub title is “not hero novels”. This also the innovation of vanity f air . the story originated from the British upper-middle class in the 19th century. The country prosperous , industry and commerce developed by crushing colonies or exploited labors and a rich merchant who is charge of the society. England and France fight the war for title. The upper-middle class all kinds of characters fight for fame and profit , so called “Bustling world, all for profit , and the world, all for reward”. The main plot of vanity fair can be divided into two clues. The one clue is Rebecca’ s story of desire and the other clue is the romance of pure, short-sighted Amelia and empty shallow George.(Thackeray 2012: XI).The purpose of this paper is to borrow Amelia and Rebecca’ s character image to analyze Victorian women image and position, and to reveal the diffuse the steep profits and selfish nature of capitalism.Women’ s image in Victorian EnglandThe social background at that time, the status of women were very low in 19th century. Not only express the dependence of economy and polity, but also is limited by the power of education compared with the men. Women are considered brainless and the most women all agree that. Virginia, wolf thought the reasons that “in a large extent are laws and customs”caused this situation of England women. Victorian men to confirm their value and status by dominate and control women. They require women must chastity, obedience, kindness and dedication. This is a typical patriarchal society to give women the moral standard chastity: Victorian upper class requires women must be loyal for her husband. Women as men’s accessories naturally be loyal for her husband even worship. In the patriarchal society of the time, men and women have a big different status. Just as Engels said:”usually women is considered a crime and to cause grave legal and social consequences, for the man was thought to be a glorious, at most however be regarded as a small blemish that can be accept in moral. Rebecca as a opposite teaching material. She seduced the men and got the infatuation of men, therefore promoting to a higher position. As last the amour was found by her husband Rawdon, she all reputation and be a vagabond. On the other hand, Amelia is loyal to her husband, even her husband died in war, every time she want to repay Dobbin. “George’s shadow immediately from the grave stood up and said:” You are mine, can’t belong to others. You’re mine now, you can only belong to me in future.”(1)From the fate of two women was arranged by author. A women spurned by people, a women praised by people. We can know the importance of chastity in that society. Obedience: Whatever the fate, husband or passers by in life, the attitude all different of Rebecca and Amelia. Rebecca disobeyed the poor life and marriage. After marriage, she also disobeyed with Rawdon. She is a representative of feminism, but the seeds of this hint of feminist subjected the attacks ofmale chauvinism. Therefore, even in the intrigue of fame in the field. She has to pretend to obey, because this is the men’s ideal of “femininity”. It’s the only way to climb the social most high end. Kindhearted: the kindhearted is not only reflected in fame and the attitude of money, it depends more on dealing with things and the relationship of people. Rebecca never contact with the people who don’t have the interest relationship, so when Rebecca left nobody sad but Amelia likes a single round pebbles. when she left, they are all cry. However in the male as the center of society. Men all like Amelia. Dedication: dedication in women is an eternal topic . In the Victorian period, wife, mother should devote everything for her husband. Children and family, Amelia is the typical of this spirit. For her husband’s loyalty is only a small part of the dedication. After the loss of her husband. Amelia treats her son as her life. When her son is not around, she often walks long distance to see her son’s window. She is a great wife and mother.2. Amelia Sedley —the Victorian Angel in the HouseObedient and kindhearted AmeliaIn the story, Amelia is a obedient daughter, loyal wife. conscientious mother. kindhearted friend. She is a typical representative of “angel in the house” in Victorian age. Amelia was born in a rich family. She had a good education in the child. She studied in the famous Pinkerton’s female academy in England. She finished all the courses that was required by the upper class society. Including music, dance, orthography, embroidery, sewing, geographical and physical courses. These courses of study to Amelia has a rich knowledge and good moral self-cultivation and she is very friendly to the students. In the school, Amelia is a popular girl, because the family background, hard work and gentle character, she has many admiration and love. Thackeray called her” a lovely little animal” and “ good character”.She cried for a dead canary. Or cried for a mouse was caught by a cat. She was vulnerable. Such as someone said to her not friendly, then this person is very bad for her. Rebecca and Amelia learn in the same Pinkerton’s female academy. After graduation, the kindhearted Amelia gets the homeless Rebecca to home. Rebecca want to get the wealth and achieve her dream. She was very humble, she quickly won the favor of Amelia’s family and the friendship of Amelia. So Amelia want to help Rebecca and her brother’s marriage. Amelia also sent her things to her friend Rebecca. Thackeray in the novel describes respectively the scene: the two of them devotion to cuddle with, the most pathetic tears, the smelling-bottle, and some of the very best feelings of the heart. A person sincerely, another person do a wonderful false play(Thackeray 2012: 125) .Spineless and parasitic AmeliaAmelia has some obvious shortcomings. She is weak and timid, dependent on others without the ability to face difficulties or unhappy things. She can’t deal with by herself. She will cry or avoid rather than trying to solve , she won’t to use her brain or advantage in most cases in to yield. Her husband George died in the war. she became a widow, her father go bankrupt. Her father in law old Osborne kept prejudice and hostility to her. Amelia just bear silently. She won’t to change it. Just when her son born that gave her some comfort. Another example also illustrates Amelia’s gentle and incompetent, self deception and self destruction. In a party, Rebecca flirted with her husband. Dancing together. But Amelia sat in a dark corner. Obviously she was abandoned by her husband but she doesn’t know. Amelia is useless and always to put the hope of life on others. She wants to get assistance and protection from others. The author called her “weak parasites”. Amelia loves vain, vacuous and rich George with her all energy. In her mind, George is her sun. George goes to play gamble and entertainment, she thought her husband must be busy in the troop and George’s sisters often purposely make difficulties for her. After the bankruptcy of her father,George’s father tore off their engagement, but the lovesick Amelia still refused to give up the love for George. With the help of Dobbin, Amelia and George married secretly. However when George knew his economy was cut off by his father. He very regretful. In the honeymoon, George started to pursue pleasure outside. Amelia was desolated, but her love didn’t change, even after George died, she put him as God. She thought her married to a good man like angel won’t be able to marry anyone, the son is her only hope of wife. She thought her son is most beautiful and smart child in the world, because he is the incarnation of George.Sacrificial and vacuous AmeliaBecause of her selfish and narrow-minded, she always living in a fantasy world she can’t cherish Dobbin who give her happy. It caused Dobbin very painful. In this full of intriguers, selfish and cruel world. Dobbin is very conscientious, sympathetic, sincere, unprejudiced and generous, but spoony and stupid in love. Dobbin consistently loved Amelia, but in order to Amelia, he put his love to Amelia buried in the heart, to help her and her lover George married secretly. After the bankruptcy of her father, in the property auction. Dobbin bought her beloved piano with a high price in secret and gave it to her. At this time, Amelia thought this her beloved husband bought back to her. After her husband George died. Dobbin took out his own salaries gave her as the cost of living. After the child was born, he took care of her and her child. For more than ten years, Dobbin devoted and waited silently, the hair was white, the heart was also tired. Dobbin said:”You(Amelia) is not worthy of my contribution to your love. So ,in terms of feelings, Amelia is selfish, the life of Amelia is relying on the illusion of survival. So she lives empty, she didn’t want to marry Dobbin, but would like to have his heart forever. Until one day, Rebecca told Amelia the disloyalty of George, Dobbin got his lover. The author also sends out such a sigh:”you this delicate parasitic vine, I would like you to twin a starchy old oak trees, to grown new leaves.”The author didn’t give praise to theperfect model of the society at that time on the contrary, she was satirized as a social victim.3. Rebecca sharp—the Victorian RebelThe expression of masculinityThe brainpower but uninhibited Rebecca let people love-hate relationship for her. It is Thackeray contradictory female views caused Rebecca both the synthesis of femininity and masculinity. This” double body”ideal states in Woolf Virginia’s novel Orlando also has been confirmed. From the domination of the patriarchal system to the radical feminism. The gender opposition from one to other extreme, until the “ double body” beyond the concept of gender can really achieve the ideal states of equality between men and women femininity and masculinity are perfect fusion in Rebecca, because of this, Rebecca has also become a literary works in a unique charm of the role. The ideal masculine temperament has a wide range of powers and abilities: controlling the power of women, controlling the power of other men, controlling their bodies, and the ability to manipulate and control technology. And Rebecca often show a dominant male temperament, it dominates the Rebecca and dominates the men and women around her. Mother’s death makes her lack the femininity of social traditional family, opposite her father lived with her and gave her the enlightenment of masculinity. Although Rebecca’s father is a rogue, but talented. Rebecca thinks his speech is fun more than the gossiping of women, so she never contact with women. Rebecca realized when she following her father, the men beside her can accompany all time, she would rather lose the most lively banquet and dance. But the pride of the young lady who never ignored her, in the Pinkerton women’ s school with those children mixed for two years, that didn’t inspire her innately lack of maternal mood. The experiences of teenage has taught the Rebecca the importance of money and status. She is a traitorous girl who unwilling to obey the fate. After shestepped in to society. The others contempt to her as a reason for the pursuit of desire. In the drive of masculinity, Rebecca is the most incisive interpretation of this desire. Rebecca can control herself perfectly, Rebecca of unwilling to obey always holds her own destiny, no matter she is the pursuit of social or abandoned by society. Outspoken against miss Pinkerton to require her labor interests is the first attack of Rebecca. When she graduated from the Pinkerton women school. She was unceremoniously throw the dictionary out the window and made the people under her feet who ever despised her. In order to change her poor fate, she can ignore the people despised or admirable eyes around her. she relied on marriage and cling to the powerful people. she clam to upper class society crazy. Rebecca initiative to seduce bloated cowardly Jos. Proposal setbacks but also let her sad and angry for a while, soon she began to go to Crawley to try her fortune. Although unfortunately missed the old selfish sir Pitt’s proposal. Rebecca also readily accepted the reality that Rawdon can’t inherit the property from Miss Crawley. Married Rebecca skillfully deal in various dignitaries, living the high life. Although the “amour” of Rebecca and Lord Steyne was found by Rawdon, and caused the unbearable past was revealed, and she was expelled from upper class society forever, but she also had a wonderful life in wandering days. Throughout Rebecca ups and downs of life, she had humble childhood, and had scenery wonderful life of upper class society, and also had wandering miserable life in the middle, but alternately in the fate of ups and downs, Rebecca is firmly control her own life, and had a true life belong to her own. And Rebecca can skillfully control of men, in the marriage Rebecca kept a active dominate position and even let her husband Rawdon automatically relegated to the status of “subordinate male temperament”. After the marriage, Rebbeca’s personal charm to make this wine field Rawdon to become a obedient good husband. The longer the time, he is more dependent on his wife, from the beginning of the love and appreciation to the later worship and admiration. Rawdon vowed to praise his wife, he said her ability of cheat creditors without a person can catch in European women. Rawdon thought to marry such a wife the useis not really small. When Rebecca humorously told her husband that she gets money from Jos with a good method, her husband listened to it happy almost to crazy, He knew in his heart that he is not smart enough, not worthy of her, he willing to listen to her arrangement to obey absolutely. Rawdon adored Rebecca just like Amelia adored George. On the other hand, Rebecca began to despise Rawdon. When they entire the upper class society step by step, in the splendid luxurious palace, Rebecca is regarded as a identity of guest. The Rawdon mixed in the middle of the Duchess and the ladies of the court were bored to yawn, and continues to mixed with his congenial friends. In this period of better days, Rebecca despised her husband get along with those young frank officers in the daily life. Since the birth of her son, Rebecca has been indifferent. Looking at Rawdon so like his son, Rebecca was more despised for her husband. It had the same effect, that George disliked Amelia gets along with shameful women. The scene on the battlefield, the different attitude of Rawdon and Rebecca also proved their roles were exchanged. Rawdon regretted the owe a gambling debt. He afraid it will troubles his wife, he was busy with his troubles, counting the funeral can give her wife how much property. Compared to sentimental Rawdon, Redecca is calm. She joked Rawdon and said sweet words to coax him. Rebecca thought how to begin her new life if Rawdon died in the war. Even in the war, Rebecca still thinking how to get money from Jos. Not only her husband to be docile and obedient, in society, Rebecca is like a duck to water around the men. When Rebecca presents some places. There are always full of gunpowder of women and coveted eyes of men. Rebecca knows energy and the effect of a beautiful women, she can often effectively use this point to conquer the men. Rebecca is a pretty and charming girl. It won the coveted eyes of men for her. After close contact, we can find her other advantages. She also is a humorous, intellectual and eloquent girl. She is more charm compared with those decent wife and miss. At the appropriate time to express the vulnerability, completely conquered all men’s heart.The disguise and deficiency of femininityThe conquest of Rebecca not only threaten the men but also threaten the women. Because these women are all treat the value of male as the standard of life, so Rebecca in other women eyes just a unwomanly and seduce men’s wild woman. A woman who lives in a patriarchal culture long time. Automatically the image of an ideal woman in a man’s heart is internalized in order to realize her own consciousness, hoping to be replaced by the consciousness of the man’s love and appreciation. Men look at the women and women look at themselves. This not only determines the relationship of some men and women, but also provides the relationship between women and their own. Rebecca deprived the men watch the women’s eyes, even is different from Amelia that gentle and virtuous, but naked to seduce, so this is women not permitted. Redecca knows how to ingratiate these ladies. She expresses the gentle modesty and kindhearted, honest femininity properly, naturally to won the traditional women’s approval. When the gentlewoman boasts her French say well, Rebecca’s attitude is very modest, when Rebecca sat at the piano and sang hymns history of lady Steyne early favorite of Mozart, she obeyed to Rebecca and even a little like her; when Lady Jane very like her son, Rebecca kissed his son’s face in front of everyone, although she never do such a thing at home. Mother has the character of love and caring for others is an important symbol of female temperament. While in the treatment of his son’s question Rebecca and Amelia has formed a strong contrast. The absence of her maternal temperament makes her even less than her husband Rawdon. Since his son was born, Rebecca is not with him together. His son had soiled her clothes or was ill for a while, so that she was very bored. Once her son hided in the corner of the staircase to listen to her singing, that was found by Rebecca, Rebecca made him two slaps. After this matter, Rebecca changed the attitude that dislike his son in to hatred. Before this, the son to Rebecca just an unnecessary burden, the son represents her identity of mother. This is a femininity that is required to Love and care for others, it is hidden behind the patriarchy and hegemony. This kind of temperament is missing in Rebecca, and even can be said to be rejected by her, therefore, Rebecca has been evaded his son deliberately.The life experience of Rebecca’s childhood also makes her can’t accept other people’s kindness, although her son also treated her as a superior angel to worship. But Rebecca can’t really agree this feeling in heart. As long as it is not value to use, the son of her is still unnecessary. When her son peeped her secret inadvertently, Rebecca was very excited, because she feared the “adultery”with Lord Steyne was found by her son. Whenever she thought the child lived with her, her conscience seemed to be condemned, and very bored .Although her son doesn’t understand her mother why not singing to him, but his presence reminded Rebecca that she is a mother, to remind he as a mother not allowed to do this. Her son is a intended ,he will effect Rebecca to climb, so she is intended to avoid her son, even when she saw her son that she is very angry.strangler of realistic societyRebecca cause all kinds of means to achieve her desire. To fool others, to betray her husband, to abandon her son. Such a way that betray social morality, in a sense is Rebecca resists patriarchal society. Her behavior is not only a treat to a traditional family but also a threat to the men .Rebecca can be said to be a woman with man’s heart, namely androgyny. In the face of reality, she never compromise, always maintain a strong energy and full of confidence. After the old Miss Crawley cancelled Rawdon’s inheritance of property, Rebecca taught Rawdon to win the hearts and minds of the old lady. On the one hand, Rebecca helped her husband to negotiate with a large group of creditors; On the other hand, while she clings to power, she has been planning to find a creditable job for her husband. If Rebecca is a man , she will be able to do these things by herself. Even though Rawdon is unworthy, Rebecca still need this identity to prove herself in the upper class society. As for Lord Steyne no matter how much he enjoyed Rebecca, he will not give her any birthright. Rebecca circles round a lot of men, She just want to have a considerable fortune and a rich life .Whatever the Rebecca how smart and capable, she can only use men to achieve her dream,she could not rely on herself to get the true approvement by the people, this is the frustration and sadness of Rebecca as a woman. Beauvior once said that a person as a woman, to say “born”, is better to say “formation”.(2)There is not physical, psychological or economic provement to decide the status of women in the society, but a whole of human culture, so resulting the female. To compare with the traditional women in Victorian age, Rebecca is a terrible special woman. Because the fate of injustice, she rebelled this female destiny role, although she eventually missed upper class society forever, but she faced such setbacks still positive and active. In the wandering life, she never look back and never regret. The brave woman with man’s heart. She had been rebelled this society enormously. Although sacrifice gloriously in the face of traditional morality, but at least got some positive effect. I believe that with the development of the time, The female just like Rebecca will break the tradition in the one day!ConclusionThe work describes the hard life of two actress Rebecca and Amelia, and through their love experience and marriage that we can see scrambling for power and profit was the main target of British society. Although the behavior of Rebecca was regarded as immoral and unethical at that time, and even is the scum of female. But at the time that men rule the dark social environment, if viewed it with viewpoint of the modern equality between men and women, so the behaviors of men awe good? Rebecca was added to some dirty titles at that time, because there are some rules of imprisonment. In a state of suppressed for a long time, Rebecca never gave up the pursuit of a better future, in a society that men and women can’t equal treatment, in a society that lack the fairness and justice, so the women’ s ethic and morality is worth to follow? In the social environment of sexual discrimination, women in the state of slavery, they require the liberation of the road is tortuous, the unreasonable behaviors are unavoidable and can be forgiven in thepurpose of the process. And Amelia, in the people eyes of the respectable women has become a “Victim”of society at that time, she kept her women’s social morality, but only to return for unfaithful husband, compared with Amelia, Rebecca in all aspects of both independence and not lack initiative; take the initiative to pursue what you want from love and willing to assume corresponding responsibilities; active pursuit of fame and fortune, and look forward to be a successful career; and to accept the ethics advocate by religious in surface, the heart is full of rebellious spirit.Combined with the social environment at that time, the middle class life, values and the author’s creative purpose of two characters of critical realism analysis: ”Vanity Fair”exposed the evil, greedy and ugly essence of capitalist society, in such a social environment Rebecca and Amelia represents two kinds of women’ s fate has its social inevitability, and eventually can’t escape the tragic fate, the destined fate tortured and tormented with their hearts. Because the society advocated the twisty values and moral values, people’s ideas are distorted. Therefore the novel inevitably arrange the fates of Rebecca and Amelia. Rebecca although struggled at the edge of the cruel society, can’t be accepted by the society, but still accept the reality full of challenge, and to summarize the approach of Rebecca to reflect the independence of contemporary female develop and awaken in the difficulty. Rebecca represents the rebellious women is women to fight for independence in the process of “thriving”and not “alien”, like Amelia such traditional women are not angles, but women’ s sad.References1. Beauvoir, Simone de. (1974). The Second Sex. New York Books.(2)2. Blamires, Harry. (1984). A Short History of English Literature. London: The Chaucer Press Ltd. Shandong Normal University.3. Gao, L. (2002). A Comparison between Amelia and Rebecca Vanity Fair. Journal of Thackeray, WM. (2002). Vanity Fair .Beijing: China aerospace press.(1)4. Patricia Thomason. (1978). T he Victorian Heroine. London and New York: Oxford University Press.5. Thackeray, WM. (1998)Vanity Fair .Beijing: Peoples Literature Publishing House.6.陈华茹，《名利场》中艾米莉亚与莉贝嘉的人物形象赏析与比较[J].山花，2010.7.高丽萍，不同的遭遇相同的命运[J].石油大学学报，2002.8.曾燕波《名利场》中主要女性形象的解读[J]云梦学刊，2006.9.萨克雷，名利场[M].杨必，译.北京：人民出版社，2006.10.于洋，解析《名利场》中女性的性格与命运[J].鸡西大学学报，2010.。
【优秀精品】毕业设计 毕业论文 英语专业 《名利场》;爱情观
【优秀精品】毕业设计毕业论文英语专业《名利场》；爱情观AcknowledgementsFirst of all, I would like to express my most sincere gratitude to Professor Yang Jin, my instructor who gave me valuable advice and instructions with great patience and helped me through the painstaking process of the thesis writing.Secondly, I am really grateful to all the professors and all my teachers in Shanghai Normal University, especially my former writing course teachers and English literature course teachers Professor Qiu Wen, Ji Xiaoling, Ming Jianping, Qin Yuanlian and Zheng Fang. It is my great honor to acquire knowledge from them and have their guidance and support.Then, I would give my thanks to the librarians of Shanghai Normal University who offered me warm and timely help during the process of the collecting of materials and the writing of the thesis.Finally, I owe my most heartfelt thanks to my parents and all my good friends, I can hardly imagine ever completing this thesis without those constant help and encouragement.AbstractVanity Fair is the masterpiece of William Makepeace Thackeray who is one of the most famous critical realistic novelists in the mid 19th century in England. The story in this novel is developing according to the experience of the traditional woman Amelia Sedley and the non-traditional woman Rebecca Becky Sharp. They are quite vivid and impressive female characters in Thackeray’s age. Vanity Fair represents profoundly the society of London in the Victorian age. Through the contrasting lives of the two heroines, Thackeray shows his admiration and sympathy for women in a money-oriented and status-conscious male world and attacks a corrupted, hypocritical society which advocates the Victorian virtues of marriage and family. Based on a close reading of the novel, and by the method of character analysis and comparison, this thesis will study values of love of the two heroines in Vanity Fair.This thesis contains six chapters. Chapter One is the introduction. It scans the previous studies of Vanity Fair and presents a new perspective and the theme of this thesis--values of love of the two heroines, Amelia Sedley and Rebecca Becky Sharp, in Vanity Fair. Chapter Two discribes the history background. Chapter Three shows the central argument of the thesis--the two heroines’ different values of love. Chapter Four deals with three significant factors which influence these two different kinds of values of love. Chapter Five studies the marriage and fate of Amelia and Rebecca in the shadow of their values of love. Chapter Six indicatesthe internal relations not only between Thackeray and Vanity Fair, but also between Thackeray and the two heroines. The last chapter, the conclusion, summarizes the views of this thesis and suggests that no matter which country women live in and no matter in which period they exist, they should not underestimate their own capabilities. They ought to try to withstand the unfair discrimination from the society as well as the traditional bondages, and live bravely with the maintenance of positive attitude for life.Key words: Vanity Fair; values of love; Rebecca; Amelia摘要《名利场》是十九世纪中期英国著名的批判现实主义作家威廉??萨克雷的代表作。
《名利场》中贝基夏普的女性主义解读
《名利场》中贝基夏普的女性主义解读一、本文概述《名利场》是19世纪英国作家威廉·梅克比斯·萨克雷的代表作，以其深刻的社会洞察和鲜明的人物刻画而著称。
在这部小说中，贝基·夏普这一角色尤为引人注目，她以独特的魅力和坚韧的精神，展现了女性在名利场中如何生存与抗争。
本文旨在从女性主义的角度解读贝基·夏普这一角色，探讨她在男性主导的社会中如何争取自身的权益，并以此为切入点，分析萨克雷如何通过这一角色对当时社会的女性地位进行了深刻的揭示和批判。
本文首先对《名利场》这部作品进行简要介绍，概括其主要情节和人物关系，以便读者对故事背景有一个清晰的认识。
随后，将重点聚焦于贝基·夏普这一角色，分析她的性格特征、行为动机以及她在名利场中所面临的种种挑战。
通过深入剖析贝基·夏普的内心世界和她与周围男性角色的互动关系，本文将揭示出萨克雷如何通过这一角色对女性主义进行了深刻的思考。
在接下来的部分，本文将结合女性主义理论，对贝基·夏普在名利场中的生存策略进行解读。
一方面，贝基·夏普以其聪明才智和灵活应变的能力，在男性主导的社会中争取到了一席之地；另一方面，她也面临着种种性别歧视和社会压迫，这使得她的生活充满了艰难和挑战。
通过对贝基·夏普的深入分析，本文将揭示出萨克雷对女性主义的重要见解，以及他对女性在社会中的地位和权益的关切。
本文将对《名利场》中贝基·夏普的女性主义解读进行总结，并指出萨克雷通过这一角色所传达的女性主义思想和价值观。
本文也将对女性主义在当今社会的意义和影响进行探讨，以期能够为读者提供一个全面而深入的理解《名利场》中贝基·夏普这一角色的视角。
二、贝基·夏普的女性主义特征在《名利场》这部作品中，贝基·夏普这一角色以其独特的女性主义特征，成为了文学史上一个引人注目的形象。
她身上所展现的女性主义并非传统意义上的“女权”，而是一种更为复杂和多元的体现。
语专业本科毕业论文 从女性主义角度分析《名利场》中的两位女性形象
本科生毕业论文从女性主义角度分析《名利场》中的两位女性形象院(系)、专业河北师范大学英语研究方向英国文学学生姓名学号指导教师姓名指导教师2013年5月20日Hebei Normal University Graduation ThesisA Feminist Analysis of Two Womenin Vanity FairCollege & Major：Hebei Normal University,English Research Field：British LiteratureStudent Name：Tutor Name：Tutor Title：Date: July20, 2012内容摘要《名利场》是英国19世纪批判现实主义作家萨克雷的代表作，通过描述两位性格迥异的女性形象及其各自不同的命运，揭露了当时英国上层社会的道德危机和腐败堕落，进而批判了资本主义社会金钱至上的观念。
大部分人对名利场中的两位女性形象持否定态度，人们普遍认为利蓓佳·夏泼自私、贪婪、虚伪，艾米利亚懦弱、缺乏主见，然而本文认为这两位女性都具有女性主义独立，智慧和坚强的特质，综合分析认为作者萨克雷实际上对这两位男权社会压迫下的女性持同情与赞扬的态度，而非批判。
本文主要在介绍作者的女性主义思想发展的基础上，从女性主义角度对小说中两位女性形象进行分析。
通过作者对笔下两位女性生动的描写，读者可以看到萨克雷对这两位女斗士的态度与波伏娃的女性主义理论不谋而合。
关键词：女性形象；女性主义；男权社会；赞扬AbstractVanity Fair is the masterpiece of Thackeray, a critical realism writer in the 19th century in Great Britain. By describing two typical female images with completely different characters and fates, it reveals the moral crisis and corruption of British upper society and then criticizes the money-orientated concept of capitalist society. Most people hold a negative attitude towards the female images in Vanity Fair and they generally consider that Rebecca Sharp is selfish greedy and hypocritical and Amelia is cowardly, stubborn, and weak-minded. However, this paper thinks these two females both have the feminism features, such as independence, wisdom, and braveness, and believes Thackeray actually sympathized and praised these two women rather than criticized them.This paper mainly analyzes the two female images in Vanity Fair from the perspective of feminism based on the author’s thought development of feminism. Through Thackeray’s vivid description of the two females in a male-oriented society, we can see the author’s attitude towards the two women coincides with Beauvoir’s feminist theories.Key words: female image; feminism; male-oriented society; praiseContents1. Introduction (1)1.1 Thackeray’s life and his “Vanity Fair” (1)1.2 Feminism and the purpose of this paper (1)1.3 Literature Review (1)2. The Sources of Thackeray’s Feminism (2)2.1 The social sources (2)2.2 His family sources (3)3. A Feminist Analysis of Amelia and Rebecca (3)3.1 Amelia as a heroine (3)3.1.1 A warm-hearted and pure Amelia (4)3.1.2 An unswerving and faithful girl (4)3.1.3 An courageous and decisive Amelia (5)3.2 Rebecca as a heroine (5)3.2.1 An iron-willed and independent Rebecca (6)3.2.2 A rebellious and smart Rebecca (6)3.2.3 An ambitious and adventurous Rebecca (7)4. Conclusion (7)References (8)Acknowledgements (9)1. IntroductionThis part makes a brief introduction to the author Thackeray, his novel Vanity Fair, and feminism, and introduces the heroines in the novel Vanity Fair from the perspective of feminism. Compared with other literature reviews, this paper has a different idea.1.1 Thackeray’ s life and his“V anity Fair”Thackeray(1811-1863) was an representative of critical realism in the 19th century England. He was born in India in the family of an English official. In his early life, Thackeray wrote all kinds of articles, mainly short pieces for journals and relatively slim books. Up to 1847, a series of his satirical sketches were collected in The Book of Snobs. But it was not until the publication of Vanity Fair that the world recognized the appearance of a new novelist of the first rank.Vanity Fair as Thackeray’s masterpiece gives a comprehensive view of English society in the early 19th century. By the title which is derived from Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress meaning “a fair, wherein are sold all sorts vanity”, the author intended to paint a vivid picture of the egoistic, hypocritical and money-grabbing world of his age. The subtitle of the book is “A Novel without a Hero”. From this it can possibly mean firstly that there are no exactly positive characters in a world full of bad and faulty people. Secondly it may imply that this is a novel about women instead of men. Although the subtitle may mean that there is no real hero in the novel, Rebecca and Amelia can be the real heroines of the novel in a way.1.2 Feminism and the purpose of this paper“In a simple way, feminism is a belief in the social, political and economic equality of the sexes, and a movement organized around the conviction that biological sex should not be the pre-determinant factor shaping a person's social identity or socio-political or economic rights. Many feminists are especially concerned with social, political and economic inequalities between the sexes which favour men at women's expense; some have also argued that gendered and sexed identities, such as "man" and "woman", are socially constructed. Feminists may disagree over the sources of inequality, how to attain equality, and the extent to which gender and gender-based identities should be questioned and critiqued; some of this disagreement may stem from continuing pressure to conform to masculine norms”[1].The goal of feminist history is to explore and illuminate the female viewpoint of history through the rediscovery of female writers, artists, philosophers, etc, in order to recover and demonstrate the significance of women's voices and choices in the past. Two particular problems which feminist history attempts to address are the exclusion of women from the historical and philosophical tradition, and the negative characterization of women or the feminine in it; however, feminist history is not solely concerned with issues of gender per se, but rather with the reinterpretation of history in a more holistic and balanced manner.This thesis is to discu ss the two main female characters’ images from the feminism perspective, which can make readers know more about the novel and the main themes as well as the social background. What’s more, this thesis can make them know the author’s writing intention. Readers will have a deep understanding of the novel and the characters in the novel. At the same time, these discussions can give some implications for the modern readers and the modern women.1.3 Literature ReviewSince the publication of Vanity Fair, a lot of scholars domestic and overseas have studied it from different viewing angles such as the heroines’ characteristics and reflected realistic problems.The research of Vanity Fair in China booms in recent years but most of them are scanty in depth or extension. Most researchers agree that the main characters in the book are lifelike. Some researchers focus on special characters to explore the humanity of the Victorian Age. The life of the heroines is a metaphor of human being’s desire.The research of the foreign critics mainly divides into several aspects. Some critics consider that Thackeray is a sentimental novelist. These researchers consider that Vanity Fair is the strong support to the view that Thackeray is a cynic in heart and soul. Other researchers regard Vanity Fair as a realistic novel. In this novel, Thackeray has portrayed the living manners of his own age and they bear a true and deep resemblance to their prototypes of the 18th century. In addition, some researchers take Thackeray’s Vanity Fair as a master piece of satire. Gao (2002) surveys the position and role of women in a money-oriented and status-conscious male world. Wu (2003) exposes situation of corrupted and hypocritical society which advocates the Victorian Virtues of marriage and family. Charlotte commented: “The more I read Thackeray’s works the more certain I am that he stands alone-alone in his sagacity, alone in his truth, alone in his feeling … Thackeray is a Titan”[2].Critics shift their attention to almost every aspect of the novel as time goes on. Some are by the ethnical content; some are interested in the polysemy of the theme; some try to interpret the major characters; some pay attention to its psychological dimensions. This research mainly discusses the heroines’ van ity and snobbishness and its reflection in real society, with a purpose to make readers better understand the theme of the novel and thought of the author.Taking these literatures as reference, this paper decide to discuss the heroines’ feminism characteristics in realistic society and their feminism female images from their different characters and their behaviors. By discussing the topic, this paper aims to find out the theme of the novel and thought of the author on women.2. The Sources of Thackeray’s FeminismAccording to a lot of literature about Thackeray, we can easily discover that his feminism can be traced back to the social circumstances and his family life in Thackeray’s day.2.1 The social sourcesIn the author’s living time, Ancient Grea t Britain, after experiencing the 17th century’s bourgeois revolution and 18th century’s industrial revolution, until 19th century, finally finished the primitive accumulation of capital based on the large scale colonial plunder. At that moment, the British commerce was prosperous and the monopoly position of British industry was more stable than before. In that time, with the fast development of the science and technology, people’s ideology and faith changed a lot. Females began to realize their poor living situation, and the discrimination against them, and they decided to struggle for themselves. The Feminist movement emerged around the late 19th century with the beginnings of the first wave of feminism. The first wave refers to the feminism movement of the 19th through early 20th centuries, which dealt mainly with the Suffrage movement. It was an outgrowth of the anti-slavery and abolitionist movements, in which women fighting for the rights of Blacks in the United States realized that they themselves lacked some of the rights they were fighting for others.As a critical realism writer, Thackeray witnessed a corrupted, hypocritical and mammonish Victorian society. In a money-oriented and status-conscious male world, women underwent a pathetic society that was full of prejudice.From these it can be seen that the social background and the development of feminism in Thackeray’s time, which poses effect on his writing in this novel Vanity Fair and the creations of the females characters. Thackeray wanted to write something to wake up more women, and advocate them to stand up to fight and live in a new life.2.2 His family sourcesTo a large degree, Thackeray’s feminism thought derived from his family, his mother, wife, and his daughters. Melville says, “Tha ckeray had a nature of almost womanly softness”[3].At the age of four, Thackeray’s father died. From that moment on, his mother became his only spiritual support in his early life. Unfortunately, later he had to separate with his mother when he was sent to England to study. In England, Thackeray led a terrible and lonely life because of his unhappy and cruel educational experience. He expressed, “I remember kneeling by my little bed a night, and saying, ‘Pray God, I may dream of my mother’”[4] Thackeray’s mother described when she reunited with her child, “dear soul he has a perfect recollection of me he could not speak but kissed me and looked at me again and again”[4]. His early childhood experience made a contribution to his ideal of women which could be found in his books.In 1835, a girl Isabella Shawe whom he later married came into Thackeray’s life. The time he fell in love with her, she was 18 years old. Isabella Shawe was an innocent and childish girl which was just the reason why Thackeray loved her. However, it was proved to be a sad marriage for the author. His wife got mental illness and had never been normal at until the end of her life. what he treasured most then had turn into an enduring pain in his life. His second emotional support collapsed forever.In Thackeray’s later years, his spiritual support was his daughters. The time with his daughters was the happiest time. The love for his girls sustained his spirit. He made every effort to make his daughters live happily. In the rest of his life, he had never separated with them. “Thackeray’s affection for his daughters was one of the most touching things about him”[5].Besides, Thackeray had a number of female acquaintances. His need for this kind of companionship could be understood through the analysis of his reliance on his mother. “I can’t live without the tenderness of some women”[3], he wrote to Mrs. Brookfield. In his many letters, we can find his need for the female companionship easily.In a word, Thackeray’s close relationship can be seen in his letters and the other books about him. These women and their ideas had a great influence on Thackeray’s thought.. He showed great concern and sympathy for women in his life or his works because of his miserable life. That is the reason why we call him a feminist in some degree. In Vanity Fair, he showed pity and respect to these two women.3. A Feminist Analysis of Amelia and RebeccaIn this novel, these two female characters Amelia and Rebecca have the different characters and the author also has the different description on them since they are both the heroines of this novel. in common, they have the feminist features and virtues.3.1 Amelia as a heroineAmelia is the heroine of this novel. She has many traditional virtues. Her pure and warm-hearted nature, unswerving and faithful belief, and her courageous and decisive spirit make a good impression on readers.3.1.1 A warm-hearted and pure AmeliaAmelia is a mild, kind-hearted lady. Besides, she is an innocent girl without any evil tricks in the traditional society.She lives a rich and happy life where she has the chance to receive a good education and grow up healthily and happily. Since childhood, s he is treated with all courtesy and mother’s intensive care which shapes her with t he characters of gentility and kindness. From “… cry over a dead canary-bird; or over a mouse”[6], it can be easily seen that Amelia is good-natured with a great mercy since that she will cry for a dead creature such as a mouse. Amelia’s parents Mr. Sedly and Mrs. Sedly are very kind people, especially Mr. Sedly. He is kind to Miss Sharp though she is only a poor and ordinary governess from the lower class in the hierarchical society. And Joseph, Amelia’s brother is dull and silly, but he is a friendly man to others. After all, in this family, there is no acrid or evil person. Thus the harmonious family environment makes a significant contribution to Amelia’s personality and her nature.We can find a lot of evidence which prove Amelia is certainly a warm-hearted girl. For example, in the first scene of this novel, everyone from the head-teacher to the students sees Amelia off and presents many gifts to Amelia in the iron gate of Miss Pinkerton's academy for young ladies on Chiswick Mall. Because in the daily life, Amelia is kind to everyone, therefore everyone likes this angel-like girl. Compared with Beckey, Amelia has better relationships with others. And when Rebecca lives in her family, Amelia makes every effort to help Rebecca and regards her as her best girlfriend though she knows that Rebecca is lowborn. Later she also tries to bring Rebecca and her brother Joseph together. Later, when she knows that Rebecca has done many bad things that are harmful to her, she still chooses to forgive her. For all these reason, Amelia is a good and warm- hearted woman.In addition to that, Amelia is no doubt a pure and innocent person. She is just like a lily blooming in an ugly and vulgar society. The evil tricks never appear in her mind. She considers everybody to be kind-hearted. For example, Amelia couldn’t understand Miss Pinkerton, the head-teacher of her school treats her very well just because her family is rich and Miss Pinkerton could benefit from her. In Amelia’mind, Rebecca is her good girlfriend. However, Rebecca takes advantage of Amelia’s innocence to achieve her own aim. Although Rebecca has a lot of tricks, she would n’t like to hurt Amelia because she realizes Amelia is a good girl. Good mind, good find.Also Amelia longs for love. George Osborne who comes from a wealthy family is her emotional dependence. She pins her happiness on the love she pursuits. “George was her Europe, her emperor, her allied monarchs and august prince regent … He was her sun and moon … when he came to Russel Square, her face lig hted up as if she had been sunshine … As soon as the door was shut, she went fluttering to lieutenant George Osborne’s heart as if it was the only natural home for her to nestle in.” [6] Her love for George is so pure and deep.As the heroine of this novel, Amelia is endowed with a pure and warm heart. She is the most beautiful angel in this novel.3.1.2 An unswerving and faithful girlAmelia is an unswerving and faithful girl, which we could know through her attitude to Rebeccaand Amelia.She sees Rebecca as her lifelong friend from the moment she brings her home. Mrs. Sedly does not like Rebecca because she sees through Rebecca and she figures out that Rebecca is taking advantage of her daughter. Mrs. Sedly shows that she doesn’t want Rebecca staying in their home. It is sure that Amelia understands what her mother worries about. However she does best to put in a good word for Rebecca and tries to bring Rebecca and Joseph together. One time, when Osborne speaks ill of Rebecca and says Rebecca just wants to go into upper society, Amelia defends her girlfriend no matter how deep she loves Osborne. She insists Rebecca is a good person whatever the others say. She trusts and appreciates Rebecca. It seems that she only believes her own eyes.Amelia loves George Osborne purely and faithfully as always. From the moment she falls in love with him, she never changes her love no matter what happens. However, even George’s father makes her family bankrupt, she still love him. Her love for Mr. Osborne has become an emotional dependence even he died in the war, just as “hanging on … happy and loving … by day and by night, and reigned over it always.”[7] When she is persuaded into another marriage, she refuses even if she understands Dobbin is so nice, sincere and helpful. She persists in widowhood for fifteen years .At last she gets married with Dobbin only after knowing that her husband who she contributes her deep and profound love and uncompromising honesty once decided to elope with Rebecca.3.1.3 An courageous and decisive AmeliaIn this novel, Amelia is always seen as a weak and tame girl by many critics, but actually she is not.She loves George deeply for over half of her life. But George want to elope with her best friend—Rebecca before his going into the war. She does not know this. After George’s death, she doesn’t choose to remarry a new husband even though Dobbin is passionately devoted to her, she refuses him. Then Amelia persists in widowhood for fifteen years. Fifteen years can never be a short time for a lonely woman with a child. It is really hard to imagine how she can go through the tough time. From this point, we have to admit that Amelia is a brave and courageous girl.After Rebecca telling Amelia that George ever wanted to elope with her, Amelia suddenly understand everything. That is too cruel for her who has sacrificed everything to love this man. But to our surprise, Amelia snaps out of it quickly and bravely. She realizes that George doesn’t deserve her love at all and Dubbin who loves and takes care of her all the time should be the real one deserved her love. Later, she gets married with Dubbin and lives a happy life since then. Therefore Amelia is not a weak girl.After the analysis of Amelia, we can find that she is a pure, kind, faithful and courageous woman. The author, Thackeray gives her a perfect ending and let this beautiful angel find her true love and get out of the depression. Inferring from the author’s arrangement, we can easily know that Thackeray’s attitude towards Amelia is positive. He admired Amelia’s courage. In his eyes Amelia is an angel and fighter who has so many virtues, fight for herself, pursue what she want and courageously jumps out of the trap of the traditional concept of love and marriage in an male-oriented society at last.3.2 Rebecca as a heroineBecky is another the heroine of this novel who has the virtues and the feminism features such as her independence and her fighting for her own fate, her rebellious as well as her smart female images.3.2.1 An iron-willed and independent RebeccaRebecca Sharp was born in a poor family. Her father was a beaten-up picture teacher, and her mother is a follower of song and dance drama. She lives a very hard life since her childhood, so she dreams of getting rid of predicament and going into the upper class. She suffers poverty, discrimination, inequity, and loneliness.Rebecca is an iron-willed and independent woman. She wants to break away from the control of patriarchy and change her situation via her own strength. She has a mind to pursue economic independence so that she can achieve social status and realize her value. No matter what disasters happen to her, she always cheers up quickly and appears nothing has happened.In order to survive in such a cruel society, Rebecca becomes socially active. She takes every opportunity to enter upper society. She uses her intelligence and smartness and tough characters to serve the hour. Several years later, she successfully enters into the upper class by herself. Meanwhile, hard life forges her to be an intelligent, capable, spell able woman who has her own judgment and independence. She is excellent in French, English, music and playing piano. After getting married with Rawdon Crawley, they do not live a rich life. In order to enjoy a luxurious life, they have to raise a loan. Later, Rawdon goes to the battlefield and Rebecca follows him so that their debt ends up with nothing definite. Thus, they have lived in European mainland for several years and run into much debt and then escape from the debt. They plan to return London. She knows that her husband is incapable to deal with the creditors so that she goes to negotiate with creditors by herself. In the process of dealing with debt, her intelligence and sociability are appreciated by the public.From these it can be seen that Becky’ iron-willed and independent spirit reflect feminism features.3.2.2 A rebellious and smart RebeccaRebecca is rebellious and smart. Rebecca who was born in a poor family has more chancesthan others to get in touch with various kinds of people and the horrible society. She has never missed all the ugly and evil things in the society, “the pompous vanity of the old schoolmistress, the foolish good humor of her sister, the silly chat and scandal of the elder girls, and the frigid correctness of her governesses equally annoyed her.”[6] Because of her experience, she is strongly opposed to the unjust hierarchical regulation and she shows her dissatisfaction with society. She does not want to depend on men to achieve what she wants and she only wants to pursue economic independence so that she can enter the upper class and get equal social status with men.Rebecca changes the traditional marriage and family roles that husband is a ruler while wife is only in the subordinate position. Rebecca becomes the economic leader and the decision-maker. She fights against Miss Pinkerton who is the supporter of patriarchy and refuses the unreasonable requirement. Rebecca is not reconciled to play a role as a family teacher and involves in Peters’ economic affairs and even more intelligent and capable than baron. In addition, she challenges patriarchy and is unwilling to be a traditional woman. She has strong female consciousness and she is an independent woman.Becky Sharp is a crafty, smart and tricky woman. Her life goal is to gain money and get into the upper society. To achieve this goal, she does everything: flatter, betray and spoil other people. She does not love anyone except herself, even her own destiny man who always shares everything with her all the time. “Revenge may be wicked, but it’s natural”[6] shows her “revengeful thoughts” which suggests that she will manage her goal at any costs with any means. It is certain that Rebecca is a smart girl. When in Amelia’s home, she knows everyone’s characters and habits quickly, and knows how to caterto others. In a short time, she almost gets everyone be fond of her. And Rebecca’s life goal is wealth and high society status. She never gives up her dream. She tries everything to conquer the man dominated world no matter how hard it is. As a rebellious woman, she never surrenders to anyone. As smart and energetic woman, she knows how to make others like her or love her so that she could obtain her goal and dream. Thackeray portrays such a image as a female fighter in a male-oriented world. In this novel, Thackeray makes her achieve her dream at last, which is the best reward to her great spirit.3.2.3 An ambitious and adventurous RebeccaRebecca is an ambitious and adventurous woman, which is caused by her miserable social and family reasons. In her early life, Rebecca is a poor girl. When she was young, her mother died. her father was a poor painter who was an alcoholic and died when she was only seventeen. Rebecca worked while studying with no dependence and receiving great discrimination and cold-shoulder. Personnel changes and the desolate life made her profoundly noticed the importance of wealth and status in that false, snobbish and cold society. She vowed to herself to be rich when she was only a little girl. Later, she did not miss any chance of entering into the upper society, just as “Rebecca’s wit, cleverness, and flippancy made her speedily the vogue in London among a certain class” [6]. But in the society of British that time, there is no better access to the upper class than the means of marriage. She tries all tricks and means, and plays the coquette and gets married with Rawdon Crawley at the end. However, Rawdon who is from the nobility is incompetent and idles away his time. Hierarchy and the entrance of upper class are strict and impassable, so Rawdon Crawley loses the right of inheriting the property due to his unwise marriage with Rebecca who is only an orphan coming from a poor family of the lower social class. Rebecca’s early life is all about this to improve her social economic condition.In order to win the man who dominates the society, she flirts with them. In such a man dominated society, if Rebecca wants to establish her high class status, she has to do something adventurous. Living is the most important thing for a woman, so she has to survive by hook or by crook. Just as Rebecca says, “I think I could be a good woman if I had five thousand a year. I could dawdle about in the nursery, and count the apricots on the wall. I could water plants in a greenhouse, and pick off dead leaves from the geraniums.” [6] In a man dominated society, women have no economic independence and they have to depend on their men only. If this way is infeasible, they have to depend on themselves. In many people’s eyes, Rebecca is an independent woman. She is an intelligent woman who insists on pursuing independence and insists on her own judgment. In order to make advancement in the world, she dares to challenge the world. In a sense, she is a new woman. She is praised by the author. Her evil tricks reflect all her feminist thoughts and behaviors. From these it can be seen her ambitious and adventurous features.Rebecca Sharp is a new and modern female. Her ambition, willpower, wisdom, spirit of independence and fighting surpasses all the men in that male-oriented world, which makes those gentlemen feel ashamed. We can find the feminism features from her. The author actually admires Rebecca’s spirit and makes her dream come true at last. Therefore Rebecca is a heroine in this novel.4. ConclusionVanity Fair is the famous work of British writer Thackeray in the 19th century and also one of his works in his life standing the test of time with noticeable realism. In the work, the author shapes two different and typical female adventure images that pursue their happiness in their own way.In this paper, it mainly discusses the two female images Rebecca and Amelia from the perspective。
名利场毕业论文
毕业论文（设计）题目From Shaping the Characters of Becky to Analysis Thackeray`s Criticism on the British Society in Vanity Fair学院外国语学院专业英语年级 2012级学生邓小岚学号 120310311 指导教师袁德成从《名利场》中蓓基的人物形象塑造看萨克雷对英国社会的批判英语专业学生:邓小岚指导教师:袁德成摘要：《名利场》是一部富有讽刺寓意的小说，使萨克雷在英国文学史上占据了不可动摇的地位，人们尊称他为讽刺小说界的大师，人们把他与查尔斯狄更斯齐名。
《名利场》通过刻画女主人公蓓基的人物性格特征来表现作者萨克雷对当时英国社会的批判，蓓基爱慕虚荣，八面玲珑，趋炎附势，自私自利，虚伪，为了达到自己的目的而不择手段，并且逃避责任，这些都是当时英国那些上流社会达官贵人的基本特征。
女主人公蓓基把自己的美色展露给大家，尤其是达官贵人，对达官贵人使眼色，眉目传情，凭借和达官贵人的不正当关系来提升自己的地位，获得金钱，获得金银珠宝，锦衣玉食。
一个普通女人如何获得财富？当然不是靠自己的双手，而是靠男人。
蓓基的一生中出现过很多男人，罗登是她丈夫，然而她并不爱自己的丈夫，只是因为她以为罗登是家产继承人而嫁给了他。
本文通过研究作者萨克雷对女主人公蓓基的性格描写来揭露和批判当时英国社会中很多跟蓓基一样为了了进入上流社会而不择手段。
关键词：人物形象塑造；英国社会；批判；名利场ABSTRACTVanity Fair is a novel which full of ironic implication, which has made Thackeray`s unshakable position in the history of British literature. People regard him as a master of fiction and he is equally famous as Charles Dickens. Vanity Fair by depicting the heroine Becky`s personality traits to represent Thackeray`s criticism on British society at that time, Becky is vanity, versatility, timeserving, selfishness and hypocrisy. She always avoids responsibility, those are the typical basic features of the English polite social dignitaries. The heroine Becky shows everyone her own beauty, especially to the dignitaries, winking and flirting dignitaries and keeping improper relationship with dignitaries to improve her own positions, get the money, get gold and silver jewelry, and luxurious. How to gain wealth as an ordinary woman? Of course not by their own hands, but by the man. Becky's life appeared a lot of men, Rawdon is her husband, she does not love her husband, however, just because she thought Rawdon is the heir to the fortune and so married him. In this paper, by studying author Thackeray`s character portrayal of the heroine Becky to expose and criticize at that time a lot of woman like Becky in order to enter the upper society by hook or by crook in British society.Key words: the shaping of image; the British society; critical; Vanity FairContentsPart one. Introduction (3)1.1A brief introduction of Thackeray (3)1.2An introduction of Vanity Fair (3)Part two. The character analysis of Vanity Fair (3)2.1 Cold (3)2.2 Hypocritical (3)2.3 Vanity (3)2.4 Versatility (3)2.5 Timeserving (3)2.6 Selfishness (3)2.7 Conclusion of Becky`s characteristic (3)Part Three. The positive character of Becky (3)3.1 The bold man (3)3.2 Dare to resist (3)3.3 Wit and smart (3)Part Four. The film and comment (3)4.1 The film of Vanity Fair and the director (3)4.2 The role of Becky (3)4.3 The making process of this film (3)Part Five.The wrong outlook on life (3)5.1An early to see the reality of the society (3)5.2The marriage as a "ladder" (3)Part Six. Conclusion (3)Bibliography (3)Acknowledgments (18)From Shaping the Characters of Becky to Analysis Thackeray`s Criticism on the British Society in Vanity FairPart one. Introduction1.1A brief introduction of ThackerayVanity Fair is a masterpiece of the greatest British realist and humorist writer Thackeray. Thackeray is a prolific writer, he has a collection of 35 volume; His early works are humorous stories and poetry, such as the descriptions of Paris, the Irish descriptions, etc.; In the middle,he start to create critical realism novels, and which novel laid his position in the literary world in UK is Vanity Fair, which is published in 1848, the novel not only established his place in the English literature but also made Thackeray acknowledged as the eponymous famous novelist Dickens.1.2An introduction of Vanity FairA Novel without a Hero is a novel by English author William Makepeace Thackeray, first published in 1847–48, satirising society in early 19th-century Britain. It follows the lives of two women, Becky Sharp and Amelia Sedley, amid their friends and family. The novel is now considered a classic, and has inspired several film adaptations. In 2003, Vanity Fair was listed at #122 on the BBC's The Big Read poll of the UK's best-loved books.The book's title comes from John Bunyan's allegorical story The Pilgrim's Progress, first published in 1678 and still widely read at the time of Thackeray's novel. In that work, "Vanity Fair" refers to a stop along the pilgrim's route: a never-ending fair held in a town called Vanity, which is meant to represent man's sinful attachment to worldly things.This novel is originated from the early 19th century British upper-class, mainly describes the two women's fate in different personalities, shows the world at that time the British society moral crisis and corruption, and expose and criticize the capitalistsociety, social change in temperature and the concept of money. This novels mainly describing the dark of British high society and the phenomenon of all kinds of people planning plot, lies, teasing the life for fame and wealth. The novel Vanity Fair is Thackeray's most famous work, it is also the most representative work in19th century British critical realism literature. Vanity Fair, through the arrangement of the plot in an attempt to prove "everything is undeserved reputation float," it reveals the prosperity of capitalist society with light outside, let people see the essence of it. Thackeray himself said that he would write "a group of extremely selfish and folly people desperately committed and enthusiastic pursuit of undeserved reputation in Vanity Fair" Vanity Fair doesn`t have so tight story structure, the content of the matter is basically made up of the life of two heroines Becky and Amelia together. Amelia is a bourgeois miss and Becky is nothing at all, through the fate of the two heroines, Thackeray describes a variety of people in the high society. This article through the analysis of the two women characters to reveals the corruption, moral people's selfish, hypocritical treacherous in the higher British society.In 19th century of Britain, Becky sharp was born poor but ambitious to step into the higher class society from an early age, to achieve her goal, she does not hesitate to use any means, this novel is about how the heroine Becky use her own beauty and wisdom to conquer the world. At first Becky was working as a governor in Sir Pitt Crawley`s home, where not only all the children liked her, but also the spinster aunt Matilda Crawley did. In Becky`s mind that she knew that if she didn`t leave the country and go to London to live, she cannot truly step into the higher British society. So when aunt Matilda invite Becky to go to London, Becky accepted the invitation without any hesitation. In London, Becky met her good friend again in pink, Kingston college, a well-off Amelia Sedley. Amelia Sedley fell in love with the charming officer George, without thinking any against from her family and resolutely married him, and Becky also secretly married Rawdon Crawley, the most likely heir in Crawley`s family, and then Matilda aggravated the newly-married couple out of the house. At this point, Napoleon launched the war against Europe again, George was called up with Rawdon , there are only two friends lived alone ever after...Part two. The character analysis of Vanity Fair2.1 ColdBecky sharp is cold which embodied in her son, she is indifference to her son. A scene once wrote, Rawdon play with son and threw up his son high and accidentally hit his head on the ceiling, knock very heavy, and then Rawdon, the father said don't cry, otherwise will wake the mother, and the child endure not to cry. We can see that her cold let her both own son and husband fear. She doesn't love her husband, her husband was only a higher servant, when her husband put in jail, she was still with play with Lord stein.2.2 HypocriticalBecky sharp is hypocrisy. Amelia Sedley is her best friend, and they used to be together as sisters, however, she and Rawdon design a caught cheating Amy`s husband, George`s money, and when she meet Amy, she pretend to be very concern about her husband, and say, "My dear, for god sake, try to stop him gambling quickly. She told Amy that George was gambling every day, do you know that he is not so rich, if he is not careful, he would lost all his money to Rawdon." Becky sharp by hook or by crook, all with gambling, blackmail. They "cheat the landlord, took off a cheque to the honest banker`s money, bought jewelry without paying."2.3 VanityVanity Fair`s heroine Becky is very vanity, with all her heart secretly into upper class society life, and so eloquent must be one of her essential skill. There are many such examples abound in the book.In the evening they went to Brussels, Becky started to chat with George. Becky looked at the moon with smiling and said: "who would have thought that the moon is two hundred and thirty-six thousand eight hundred and forty-seven miles away from us here, am I good memory? "...（W.M.Thackeray 2010 :283)Becky's eloquent successful lay the foundation of her into the upper classsociety, her positive evaluation of her abilities, behaved quite natural, which make the listener in imperceptible in affection for her, by this way she improved her status in British upper class society. Also there are many people like her in the down class, they are so poor, they want to change their life to become a member of the upper class.2.4 VersatilityBecky is a clever woman, she found that Miss likes to make fun of others, so she tries every mean to deride its social circle together with the old lady, almost every one of Miss social circle , in order to please Miss .Such as:If Sir Pitt Treating guests without inviting Becky company, Miss crow can break into a furious rage, "How can Miss Sharp not come , she is the only one who can talked a few words with me in zone. (W.M.Thackeray 2010:122)Becky was lively and cute, and versatility. No matter in what situation, as long as that there is someone who can be helpful to her future, she will try all possible way to please them. Becky is just a typical sample of that time, similarly, there are a lot of people in British society for the sake of their future fawn on anyone who can be helpful..2.5 TimeservingBecky is very good at flattering, she is not only to please Sir , but also show her wisdom and talent in front of him, her flattery ability makes readers eye-opening. Becky, devoting all her heart to flattery, so lets talk about what is the real purpose of her? Might as well listen to her words to Rawdon: "I'm asking Mrs Jean taking me into palace next year, I want your brother to place you in the congress, you idiot! I want you and your brother all vote to Stan, my dear fool! In that way you can be the Irish governor, or the secretary of the west Indies, or the treasurer officer, or consular,or something like this. (W.M.Thackeray 2010 :478)This confession of Becky totally show her enthusiasm for fame, and the pursuit for wealth, she is double-faced, she know what should be talked to what kind of person, so she win the favor from a lot of people in the upper class. Becky is just a special case, of course, for that most people want to integrate into the upper society, this is a skill what they must master.2.6 SelfishnessBecky has its own set of plans, she knew that only by dealing with the relationship between Rawdon and Sir Pitt which can help her into upper society, reflects that the following statement: "Sir Pitt he may die and his sons, and we will be Sir Rawdon and Sir Madam, then the reader will find that Becky did eventually in the help of Sir successful step into the court paradise. Becky advice Rawdon do not to fight with Sir B , it is all in the hands of her, she wasn't really in order to alleviate Rawdon and Sir Pitt relationship, but in order that she can smoothly enter the upper society, she know that Sir will help her, so she tries every possible mean to stop the fight between finish Sir and Rawdon, its just from her selfishness..2.7 Conclusion of Becky`s characteristicThackeray through describe the main character, reveals the theme of the novel, the British society is a vanity fair. Becky Sharp, which is the daughter of a poor painter, is the product of the Victorian chase fame and wealth society. Though she is born in the lower class, but she is beautiful, bandage, extreme selfishness. After graduating from boarding school in the form of work-study program, started by a small family teachers, even the use a variety of means to seduce powerful giants, firmly seize every opportunity to step into the upper class, become a shining star, the only goal is to get fame and wealth, and to live a comfortable life which can let everyone envy. Becky, which is one of the most successful female adventurer, amasterpiece of critical realism.When she aim at empty luxury life, all the resources become her tools, including sex, family love and friendship...With cold and selfish, hypocrisy, greed to describe Becky sharp was really suit.Part Three. The positive character of Becky3.1 The bold manSimone DE once said: "A woman is not innate, but by shaping. The ego of a woman is not decided by her sex, but determined by the social and economic environment". Social culture and economy determines the status of women. At Victorian times, women have no chance to increase knowledge by education or work, they are just told what kind of behavior is specification, which bound the personality of women. As a Victorian women, Becky should not be so smart. Although she is a poor orphan, but she wants to win respect, economic status and social status. Her independent personality conflicts with what social status she was given. Why she wants to get respect is rooted in her own experience when she was a young child. When her father was drunk, the wife and daughter would be beaten, and her father would complaint social injustice. Her father's abuse contributed to her anger, she wanted to have a different childhood, but the social definition of female restrict her. Therefore, in her life, to live with her goals and desires is a great challenge for her. Only the upper and middle class women have a chance to accept education about words and deeds. Like Becky, a girl from the bottom of the social, life will be more bound.3.2 Dare to resistAfter her father died, Becky was allowed to stay in school, but have to teach French to girls. Becky was offended by other students` discrimination, so she began todesire for prestige extremely. Life in school made her more aware that she is alone and no others can depend on. So she began to plan her own future. She was fed up with her treatment, and determined to try every means to enter the upper society. However, before graduation, she found that challenge the traditional idea would only bring disgrace on her own head. As a result, she hid her anger and ambitions, pretend to be obedience. She learned from Emily that obedience and innocent will be more liked. Even after she got her aim social status, Becky still showed her own rebellion. Born rebel that she won't change her behavior to meet the social expectations of women. Carefully, she deals with the people around her, and then she laugh behind they. The disgrace of Lord Stan let her get satisfaction, because of his noble status symbol of the social system set a cage for her childhood.3.3 Wit and smartAccording to Simone, traditional woman cannot leave the man and consider herself alone, but man can consider about himself only without considering the woman. Becky controls or deceives men through her intelligence, changes the role of women are inferior. As a governess, by becoming an indispensable character to break the rules of the society for women is limited. In the host`s home, even though she is just a private tutor, but she found herself dominated transactions as a matter of fact. Through her words and actions, she controls the people around her, make them believe that she is a woman who just like Emily, obedience and ignorance like child.Part Four. The film and comment4.1 The film of Vanity Fair and the director“Ah! Vanitas Vanitatum! Which of us is happy in this world? Which of us has his desire? Or, having it, is satisfied? ----come, children, let us shut up the box and the puppets, for our play is played out.”(W.M.Thackeray 2010:774) This is the last sentence in Vanity Fair of William Thackeray`s novel. Vanity Fair, completed in 1847 to 1848, by reputation in the early 19th century, it is the most vivid and interesting description. It is that the conclusion of the Vanity Fair inspired director, Mira Nair. She said: "I want to shoot the film, because Thackeray and I have many commonquestions: we all have a dream, when the dream come true, will we be happy? What is satisfaction? What is desire? What's life fame and wealth? Thackeray's novel is the best film material, precisely described what was happening in Britain at that time, this paper expounds an eternal theme. Particularly plump characters will resonate with modern people, I think Becky is one of the greatest female characters in literary works."For the classic novel, Neil has its own unique insights.Coincidentally, Thackeray's spent his childhood in Calcutta in India, and Neil also grew up in India, her personal experience can complement and recreate Thackeray's novel.Producer Janette Day want to made the novel into a film as early as 10 years ago. Becky is more like the modern women, "she said, just born in the wrong time. In the materialistic crazy world, she is vitality and different from others."For the film's writer and joint production team, Matthew Faulk and Mark Skeet, they are able to work as an adaptation is a lucky gift for them, because in the process of novel Thackeray provides a large number of people, so to change the story based on Vanity Fair is the dream of all writers. In addition, in order to further enrich the script, who won the Oscar for best screenplay award Julian fellows joined the adaptation of the squad.4.2 The role of BeckyAs the project of the film forming gradually, casting work also began, who will be choose to play Becky is the most important work for them, Reese Witherspoon were invited to sign in. Witherspoon said: "I am excited to got a call from the Mira, we had met two years ago, because I'm her fan, hope to be able to cooperate with her. Between words, I found that we are familiar sensitive to the female subject, her grasp of the genre is amazing."Witherspoon think that who she plays, Becky is a feminist, the role of Becky is very modern. Although she lost her parents and become homeless, but she is still desire for success, and every success is rely on her own ability.Screenwriter Fellows said, "Reese can show emotional at the same time, this is her special place. Becky is also interesting, intelligent and complex, and smart andambitious and practical at the same time." Director Neil said: "Reese is very suited to play Becky, she and I also hope to be able to perform this role very much. She really had the characteristics of wit, cunning, charming and illusory, Becky, this role is very complicated, but I don't want to get Becky who hated by others, because after all, she is cunning, she is not liked by most people. Reese`s acting just can seize the audience's subtle emotions, let the audience follow her ups and downs together.4.3 The making process of this filmProducer Lydia Dean Pilcher said: "In the UK, we have the most incredible scenes available. Mira is a connoisseur of photography and painting, there is a clear aesthetic point of view; and Dick, who has a deep heart. So this two people working together can create the most truly images."Quinn said: "I have listened to her about the idea of the story, and what she wants to do with film. This is a story of very British, and to tell from the angle of the onlooker. I am Irish Americans, of course, is also a bystander, like the others, my ideas about the story and characters also are different from Mira, therefore, Mira consulted with everyone.Production designer Maria Djurkovic fully consider the colonial influence of the early 19th century, when Britain increasing the number of colonies, at the same time also exert a subtle influence on to accept the risk from colonies such as India, north Africa, and China, the influence of effective recreate the era characteristics is very important.In order to be more loyal to the historical facts, Djurkovic chose a large number of vibrant color. Because at that time under the influence of the east, so the fabric in the film, paper, and the choice of locations were meticulous. Film causeway, Morocco lanterns which appeared and China and Indian fabric also appeared, and so on.Part Five.The wrong outlook on lifeBecky, which is desperately seek status and wealth in her life, because of the society, the value of money and social status is the only standard. Even if she reached the target (such as married Rawdon), but later found out that these goals are not completely satisfied, or (for example with the British upper class) eventually feelboring.Which has so inner monologue: "I think if I have five thousand pounds a year's takings, will also do a serious woman" the author`s heart immediately echo: "who can say Becky is wrong? why women are different and serious? Who can say it's not money that way?". This passage confirms "vanity fair" is a focus on potential, mercenary, plunder to deceive the world, there is no justice in this world. There are two main cause of error goal in life.5.1An early to see the reality of the societyBitterness family situation, leading to deformity of attitude to life. Becky is from a lower petty-bourgeois family, her father is a painter, impoverished and hard-drinking; her mother is a stray singer, soon after he left, she gave birth to a daughter. Although she is proficient in French, but cultural level is not high, Becky had endured the hardships of life, from childhood to follow her father lived a full credit days, for her father's debt. In order to make a living, she often need to deal with all kinds of people, so she learned the skills of sweet words, she can coax a collection of people come to their senses. Becky, smart, intelligence, agile and sharp at an early age. In order to survive, she must hone their tenacity, alert, she must withstand the supercilious look around and life's difficulties. Her father often take her together to listen to those wild friends to chat, that has made her young age, she even had not done her childhood, she becomes an adult woman since the age of eight, poor life has made her a much more sensible than their peers. Such increased her childhood life of the upper social life yearning.After his father's death, Becky boarding at pinker ton's girls' school. It was like a monastery and as a prison to Becky , she not only at school, insecurity and work-study program. Although she has excellent eloquence and music talent, speaks perfect French, but ignored because of the poor and humble, discrimination and neglect's classmates and teachers. Emily and classmates, principal due to born with a silver spoon in her mouth, the family rich favor and courtesy. At an early age she saw through the fickleness of the world, human changes in temperature of the bud is to deepen knowledge disparity between people are decided by money and status.Coldly, torture and abuse in her mind formed the distorted memory,humiliation had had a serious alienation life made her personality, she formed the cold in resentment, envy, selfish character.She hated the social forces, think of themselves as prefer on a bit as good as rich lady.When Becky leaving school, take Emily's carriage to self her also began a new life.She determined to extricate themselves from the "cage", then set about action, start the "calculation" of his future.She need food, clothing and shelter, or in the full name and survive in the strange city.In reality, the rich will get the respect of people, get a good reputation.The poverty of people like her father, only will come down in life;Without the identity of the person like her mother, only will be the best society.Since unhappy family can't give her a good background, high social status, blinding ostentation and extravagance, it all on their own struggle. Becky realize this deeply, and put it into a positive action, to change their circumstances. Since then, Becky to exert all one's skill, step by step into society, fantasy becomes the object of many men pursue and the focus of the aristocratic circles.5.2The marriage as a "ladder"Wrong marriage and unfortunate life contributed to the development. The heroine uses marriage as her pursuit of wealth, power and status. She constantly planning how to boost her social status through the marriage. But she ignores the real marriage, love is looking for the other half of my life, marriage is two people over a period of time. Love is the foundation of marriage, because both sides have the feelings of love and honor each other would married, two people to share happiness and sorrow, understand each other after the marriage, to build better homes. No love marriage is not reliable.She regrets not her mother, at the beginning of the novel to running it for her, she had to depend on oneself. In Emily home when she started to capture Joseph is only for money. Although she strongly praised the Joseph clothing, praised the taste of Indian food, efforts to please the mother of Joseph in the casino to Joseph initiative, but she doesn't care about him, in private also laugh at him. Marriage for Becky is a shortcut to change her life.Then when she had never put off till tomorrow what you can to take off the crow, she will try our best to help him deal with some complex transactions, and his daughters into friendly relations, make him feel without her.When finish off glory had asked her to marry him, she was veryregret, because she has to Rawdon secretly married. Obviously if she not married, she was happily married, never put off till tomorrow what you can to take off the crow. She is only interested in money. She is lost when the crow lady opportunity greatly regret.We know from the novel, she was married Rawdon is she the life of the lady to crow error estimation results, plus she thinks Rawdon will inherit his aunt's heritage.Her selfishness, heart cold. She used her beauty and wisdom Rawdon attention, but she doesn't love her husband.She flattered him surface, the bottom of my heart look down upon him. To her husband could be killed in the war is indifferent, it is very concerned about how much money he gave himself. When Rawdon abandoned her, she doesn't regret marriage; Because of the failure, just for investment in marriage didn't get rich rewards and regret. Her improper relationship with Lord, Dan more illustrates her to his unfaithfulness, betrayal of marriage.ConclusionVanity Fair is the critical realism masterpiece, it tartly conscience on improper buying and selling. The author applied the profound psychological description and outline to depict vivid character, this kind of way was deeply loved by readers and highly praised by others. Vanity fair are the overall features of irony, embodied in three aspects: the first is Socrates ironic narration, and second is irony dialogue between characters and the irony fate of the characters. From the perspective of speech act analysis of this work.Vanity Fair's ironic features have very important effect on revealing the author's critical spirit and calling the reader's participation and cooperation.Vanity Fair is 19th century British critical realism writer Thackeray. Works by describing the early 19th century British ruling class life, through the irony of the upper social classes of men to attack the bourgeois social relations. In this society, the bourgeoisie of the ruling class all resorts to obtain money by fair means or foul. Becky, which is one of the typical representatives. The only pursuit of her life was to get fame and wealth. In order to get fame and wealth, she actively by quiet life into luxury nothing vanity fair. She and the old people of small kept improper relationship, the only purpose is to use them to live a comfortable life they want.The author through the fate of Becky, which unfolds, shows the British ruling class life successfully. So far, Vanity Fair is the start of the bourgeois society the irony of the。
《名利场》读书心得
《名利场》读书心得英文回答：Vanity Fair is an all-encompassing epic, a piercing social satire, and a fascinating character study. With its sprawling cast of unforgettable characters, biting wit, and incisive commentary on human nature, it's a novel that has captivated readers for generations.Becky Sharp, the central figure, is an unforgettable protagonist. She's cunning, ambitious, and determined to rise above her humble beginnings and into the glittering world of the upper class. Along the way, she encounters a rogues' gallery of equally colorful characters, from the naive Amelia Sedley to the foppish George Osborne, each of whom represents a different facet of society.Thackeray's writing is both sharp and witty, with a keen eye for the foibles of human nature. He skewers the pretensions of the upper classes and the hypocrisy ofpolite society. But he also shows compassion for his flawed characters, understanding their motivations and the forces that drive them.Vanity Fair is a timeless classic that continues to resonate with readers today. It's a novel about the search for wealth, status, and love, and the often disastrous consequences that can ensue. It's also a story about the resilience of the human spirit and the power of redemption.中文回答：《名利场》是一部包罗万象的史诗，是一部尖锐的社会讽刺小说，又是一部引人入胜的人物志。
名利场论文
Vanity Fair: A Novel Without a HeroAbstractVanity Fair is Thackeray’s masterpiece. The subtitle of the book, “A Novel Without a Hero,”emphasize the fact that the writer’s intention was not to portray individuals, but the bourgeois and aristocratic society as a whole. Rebecca Sharp , shrewd and unscrupulous ,is an orphan. Amelia Sedley is a daughter from a wealthy London merchant. Rebecca is determined to go to the upper society at all costs .She attempts but fails to entrap Amelia’s brother Joseph for a husband . And then she becomes a governess in Sir Pitt Crawley .She marries his son, Rawden Crawley , to inherit a big sum of money from Rawden’s aunt. But her hope doesn’t come true. Amelia marries her father’s business friend’s son, George Osborne. The people in this novel all have a strong desire for money and position. The author depicted their libido for ugly things vigiously.Outline1.Introduction to Thackeray’s life and work2.The plot of Vanity Fair3.My view about the charactersBody1. Introduction to Thackeray’s life and workThackeray, like Dickens, was a representative of critical realism in 19th century England. He was bone in 1811 in India, in the family of an English official. His first literary success came with a series of satirical sketches entitled The Snobs of England. The book draws a galley of snobs from different walks of life. In Thackey’s view a snob is a person who fawns upon his social superiors and looks dawn with contempt upon his inferiors. The book may be regarded as a prelude to his major literary career, as it contains all the important ideas that constitute the contents of his later works.In the forties his realistic writing method became mature and firmly established.A brilliant example of this method and one of the greatest masterpieces of critical realism is Vanity Fair. Vanity Fair was the peak of his literary career. At last, he abandons the noise and unrest of city life to find happiness and peace in country life.He published two historical novels, Henry Esmond and The Virginians. He also wrote many other works including short stories, sketches, and satirical poems. These were popular during the writer’s lifetime but for the most part forgotten by the next generation of readers. During the last year of his life, he worked on the novel Denis Duval which remained unfinished owing to the author’s death in 1863.2. The plot of Vanity FairThe title of Vanity Fair was taken from Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress. The scene of the story is England in the first half of the 19th century. The book opens with the two girls from their school in a London suburb, where they have studied for 6 years. One of them was Amelia Sedley , the daughter of a wealthy London family. The otherwas Rebecca Sharp, an orphan. Amelia was a charming young lady, who deserved all that the headmistress had written in her praise. She won the love of everyone who came near her. The classmates were very friendly to Amelia. Her face blushed with rosy health, and her lips had the freshest of the smiles. Rebecca was so impolite that she that she threw the dictionary Miss Jemica gave her as a gift. The two were together for a short time in Amelia’s home. At Amelia’s home, Rebecca behaved very well as if she were a well-bred girl. She wanted to attract Amelia’s brothe r—Joseph’s attention. She thought if she did not get a husband for herself, there was no one in the wide world would take the troubles to cope with delicate matters for her. At the party Joseph drank much wine and declared his love to Rebecca. But he had a liver disease before, the wine made his health worse. He had to rest for several months. It was now clearly time for Rebecca to leave and take up her post in the countr y—Sir Pitt Crawley’s house. She determined to strengthen her position with the Crawley family by making friends of everyone who could at all interfere with her comfort. To her employer the little governess made herself agreeable and useful in many different ways. She played cards with him in the evening. She became interested in the detail of his property. Miss Crawley, Pitt’s sister, had a short stay at Pitt’s house. It wasn’t long before Rebecca won her heart.Amelia’s father and George Osborne’s father were business friends for a long time. Amelia and George were engaged very early. George’s intimate friend Dobbin was secretly and hopelessly in love with Amelia. Unexpectedly, Amelia’s father went bankrupt and left his daughter penniless. Old Osborne turned his back on his old friend and ordered his son to break with Amelia. Dobbin wanted to see Amelia happy, so he arranged the marriage between George and Amelia. The marriage made Old Osborne so furious that he crossed out his name from the family Bible.Rebecca was so capable that Pitt fell in love with her. After his wife died, he proposed to her. But Rebecca refused her proposal and told him that she had already married to Crawley. Because she thought Crawley could inherit a big fortune from his aunt. This news made Miss Crawley very angry, she didn’t want to give her money to her nephew because he married a penniless girl.When the war broke out, George went to the battlefield. But he was killed in the Battle of Waterloo. Widowed Amelia gave birth to a son and devoted herself to his upbringing. Rebecca then lived with Joseph, until he died, living all money to her. She returned to England and lived like a grand lady.3.My view about charactersThis is a novel without a hero. In this novel Thackeray describes the life of the ruling classes of England in the early decades of the 19th century, and attacks the social relationship of the bourgeois world by satirizing the individuals in the different strata of the upper society. The characters in this novel all have great lust for money, position and social status. They show great contempt to the people who are inferior to them. Especially Rebecca, shrewd, unscrupulous and sophisticated, tried all means to go to the upper class. At first, she was jealous of her friend, Amelia, whose mother could buy every thing if she wanted. She was always greenwith envy. She wanted to marry Joseph but failed. And then she married Crawley also out of interest. To my astonishment, she had love affairs with Amelia’s husband—George. Amelia treated her so well, but Rebecca hurt Amelia deeply. When Rebecca always went out with George happily, Amelia was very sad in secret. Her heart sank and she was uneasy. I don’t understand why Rebecca was so charming that she captured so many men. She just liked a magnet. So many men liked him because she was beautiful, humorous, and capable? Didn’t men know she was as dangerous as a snake? She approached them just because of their money, social status? Joseph was like a coward. When George treated her sister badly, he didn’t stand up to protect his sister. If I was a poor girl like Rebecca, I will use my efforts and diligence to make achievements. I know it will be difficult for me to make progress, but I think it is worth a try. Knowledge will do a good turn even as a means of subsistence. I will keep learning in case I will be replaced by younger people in a couple of years. I will apply my knowledge to the job. While in the prime of my life, why not devote myself to a special field of study? Different people have different pursuits, such as money, social status, happiness, etc. I will never give up the pursuit of learning.Bibliography1.《名利场》（英文阅读与精练）,弘扬（主编），首都经济贸易大学出版社，20022.《名利场》（掌上名著英语系列丛书），王怡（主编），世界图书出版公司，20013.《英国文学简史》，刘炳善，河南大学出版社，2006，P305-3084.《新编英国文学选读，下》，罗经国，北京大学出版社，2009，p159-170Self comments:Although I have read the novel with diligence and attention, the paper can still have better improvement, so the mark is 82.。
非传统式英雄——从女性主义批评角度看《名利场》
最新200份英语专业全英免费原创毕业论文参考选题都有论文是近期写作1 非传统式英雄——从女性主义批评角度看《名利场》2 由《麦琪的礼物》看欧亨利写作特色34 分析《绯闻女孩》中的美国社会文化特征5 肢体语言的文化趋同性研究6 从跨文化交际的角度看广告翻译的策略7 词汇的语义关系及其在初中英语词汇教学中的运用8 马丁伊登的自我认知和社会认知及其悲剧9 扼杀在萌芽中的期许—“一小时里故事”中的女权渴望10 伍尔夫的《到灯塔去》中的女性主义11 汉英翻译中的文化因素12 体态语和跨文化交际—体态语在国际商务中的重要作用13 《红色英勇勋章》主人公刻画手法分析14 论《红字》中“A”的象征意义15 英语口语教学中的不足之处以及改善方法16 英语新闻中委婉语的社会功用17 英语学习能力与风格的性别差异研究18 从文化语境分析习语翻译19 论环境和社会制度对人的行为和品格的影响——以《雾都孤儿》中南希的形象分析为例20 多媒体英语教学的优势与劣势21 模糊限制语在求职中的应用研究22 The Real Sinner in The Scarlet Letter23 中式英语的潜在价值24 《荆棘鸟》的女性主义解读25 英汉白色词的文化象征意义及翻译26 英汉问候语对比研究27 马丁伊登的自杀根由28 英汉委婉语中体现的文化异同29 英语听力理解障碍及应对策略30 商务英语和普通英语对比浅析31 《秀拉》的女性主义解读32 从《看得见风景的房间》分析E.M.福斯特笔下的女性意识33 出人意料的结局和夸张－基于欧亨利的短篇小说《忙碌经纪人的罗曼史》34 Hip-Hop对美国社会文化的影响35 从《人生的枷锁》中三个女性看毛姆的婚爱观36 中美企业文化研究37 任务型教学在新课标初中英语教学中的应用38 论《呼啸山庄》中的象征主义运用39 《永别了，武器》主题的分析40 奥巴马演讲辞的话语分析41 On the Differences in Table Manners between Westerners and Chinese42 论戏剧《威尼斯商人》中夏洛克的悲剧形象43 影响中国高中英语课堂中任务型教学实践的因素44 A Contrastive Study on the Religious Constituents of Chinese and Western Christians45 A Southern Elegy—a Feminist Study on Faulkner’s A Rose for Emily46 A Comparison of Advertising Culture in China and Western Countries47 英汉动物习语内涵意义的文化差异48 论国际商务非礼貌言语行为49 初中英语词汇教学的有效方法50 从原型批评理论角度分析威利洛曼的悲剧51 浅析“Warming-up”在初中英语学习中的功能52 从中美数字谚语看中美文化的差异53 分析内战对《飘》中斯佳丽的影响54 论中英商业广告及其翻译55 合作教学理论在初中英语阅读中的运用56 由福克纳短篇小说中的女性看南方身份没落57 浅析语用预设在广告语中的运用58 浅析《法国中尉的女人》中的自由59 商务英语信函文体分析60 浅析小组合作在小学英语教学中的应用61 《喜福会》所表现的中美文化的冲突和兼容62 国际商务合同的英语语言特点及其翻译探析63 英语与汉语中的称谓研究6465 A Study of Mark Twain’s Rhetorical Devices: Irony and Humor in the Adventures of Tom Sawyer66 论<<禁食与欢宴>>中乌玛的觉醒67 英语专业听力课程教学效率的调查与分析68 浅谈中美饮食文化差异69 On the Integrative Use of Multiple Teaching Methods in Middle School English Class70 口译中的文化差异：现象与对策71 论《哈克贝利费恩历险记》中的自由内涵72 论英语词汇中性别歧视现象及其产生的根源73 论英汉成语翻译74 关于农村初中生在英语课堂教学中注意力的调查研究75 英语前缀和后缀在初中单词教学中的应用76 《呼啸山庄》中嵌套式叙述的美学功能77 On the Gothic Feature of Edgar Allan Poe’s The Black Cat78 苔丝死之谜79 The Blacks’ Soul Under the Impact of the White Culture in The Bluest Eye80 “A Rose for Emily”中“Rose”寓意的新解81 英汉动物词语文化内涵的差异82 身体语言在跨文化交际中的重要作用83 浅论美国文化霸权的确立84 基于对爱伦坡文学作品及心理的兴趣85 简爱的独立与反叛性格分析86 浅析《汤姆叔叔的小屋》对美国内战爆发的影响87 劳伦斯小说中的女性形象88 英语中的性别歧视89 论《红字》中的清教主义思想90 科技英语中名物化的功能91 比较中西方身势语在沟通中的应用92 从功能对等的角度分析《红楼梦》中的习语翻译93 谈某些颜色词的翻译94 汤姆叔叔的小屋中汤姆形象分析95 影响英语阅读速度提高的主要障碍及其解决方法96 解读《喜福会》的中国式母爱97 浅析小说《傲慢与偏见》中的反讽艺术98 浅析《莳萝泡菜》中的意识流技巧运用99 从用餐礼仪看中美核心价值观差异100 英语教学中的跨文化意识的培养101 英文小说中的中国文化认同——《京华烟云》赏析102 傻瓜并不愚蠢——莎士比亚戏剧《皆大欢喜》与《李尔王》中傻瓜角色的对比研究103 从模因论角度研究中文新闻标题中的流行语104 从《唐老鸭》看赵健秀的男性主义105 动物成语的英译106 论“绿山墙的安妮”中女主角的成长经历107 The Sociolinguistic Interpretation of Euphemism108 A Contrastive Study on Language Features of Chinese and English Proverbs109 文化视角下的直译和意译110 The Death Image of Emily Dickinson’s Poetry111 许渊冲的“三美”原则在国外化妆品品牌名汉译中的应用112 从《永别了，武器》试析海明威心目中的理想女性113 中国英语学习者在词汇方面的迁移114 English V ocabulary Teaching in Junior Middle School115 国际商务谈判技巧与策略初探116 《弗兰肯斯坦》的悲剧性117118 英汉词汇及文化差异研究119 存在主义与海明威的“硬汉形象”120 对小妇人心灵成长历程的探索121 On Women’s Status in the Early th Century Seen in The Sound and the Fury122 以马斯洛需求层次理论分析《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情婚姻观123 论《金色笔记》中的象征手法124 基于语料库对红楼梦两个英文版本中红色的翻译研究125 从心理学角度看哈克贝利.费恩的性格126 从接受美学浅谈英文电影片名的汉译127 中英新闻标题的差异及翻译方法128 语篇分析在阅读教学中的运用129 《老人与海》象征主义探究130 从《野性的呼唤》浅析杰克伦敦的哲学思想及其哲学倾向131 浅析《到灯塔去》中女性主义思想在两位女主人公身上的体现132 从文化差异角度看中式菜单英译133 从文体学角度分析《海狼》两个译本134 《红楼梦》委婉语翻译探究135 从归化和异化的角度看英语人名的翻译136 从小说人物分析简奥斯汀的情感智慧137 论简爱与凯瑟琳性格与命运之异同138 A Comparative Study on Two Chinese Versions of Percy Bysshe Shelley’s Ode to The West Wind139 论《哈利波特与魔法石》中的二重世界140 浅谈英汉谚语的翻译——从跨文化角度出发141 中美商务谈判差异研究及建议142 命运与社会的牺牲品—苔丝的悲剧根源探析143 中美非言语交际中的时空观差异144 论英语演讲开场的决定性因素和相关策略145 A Comparative Study on Tea Culture of China and English-speaking Countries146 On Trademark Translation of Automobiles147 论《简爱》中的经济意识148 《名利场》中蓓基夏普的女性主义149 以《最后一片叶子》为例论欧亨利的创作风格150 困境下的回归－－从生态角度看乞力马扎罗的雪151 论《小伙子古德曼布朗》中象征主义的使用152 解读《觉醒》中的个人主义153 分析鲁滨逊克鲁索的人物形象154 《纯真年代》中社会与个人的碰撞155 浅谈导游词翻译156 The Function of Symbols in the Feminist Novel Possession157 浅析英汉语言中颜色词的运用158 从作品人物塑造看海明威生命意识的转变159 论《紫色》中的性别暴力160 Olympic Economy161 A Comparative Study of the Auspicious Culture in Wedding Custom between China and the West162 以女性主义看《傲慢与偏见》中的女性形象163 从弗洛伊德的精神分析理论浅析《道林格雷的画像》中的主要人物164 哥特式风格特征在《远大前程》中的诠释165 《呼啸山庄》中爱与恨的冲突与交融166 影响中学生英语学习的心理因素分析167 浅析《最蓝的眼睛》中佩科拉的悲剧根源168 文化差异对国际商务演讲的影响169 英汉颜色词的文化差异170 《老友记》中的对话分析171 中美商务接待文化差异172 关于英语口语纠错的研究与建议173 语境策略在词汇学习中的有效性174 A Tactics Study of English Listening Teaching in Basic Education Stage 175 高中英语课堂教学中的口语教学176 浅析凯特肖邦短篇小说中的女性意识177 英语中源于希腊罗马神话主要神祇姓名词汇的认知探索178 在目的论运用中的标示英汉翻译179 《愤怒的葡萄》中圣经的象征和隐喻180 对目前金融危机的分析181 英汉亲属称呼语与中西家庭教育模式差异182 海明威的“冰山原则”与其短篇小说的人物对话183 从中美非语言差异看国际商务谈判的影响及其对策184 《廊桥遗梦》中罗伯特詹姆斯沃勒的爱情审美取向研究185 由中国的圣诞节“热”来看中美文化的冲突及融合186 论小学英语教学中学习动机促进法187 艾米丽狄金森的诗歌《我不能与你一起生活》的多重主题研究188 中国纺织业出口现状和对策189 浅析《麦田里的守望者》中的部分重要象征物190 A Study on Humanity——Based on the Analysis of David Copperfield 191 Social Criticism in Wordsworth’s Concept of Nature192 激励小学生积极说英语的教学法193 中国奢侈品的营销之道194 合作学习在小学英语词汇教学中的应用研究195 中美商务谈判风格差异196 金融危机对中美人民经济生活造成不同影响的文化根源197 英语影视的课堂价值198 从文化差异角度看谚语的英汉互译：动态对等199 从文化差异的角度论文学译者的翻译技巧200 浅谈涉外英语合同的特征及翻译技巧。
从女性主义角度分析《名利场》中贝基的女性主义思想
毕业论文开题报告A Feminism Analysis of Becky's Characters in Vanity Fair学院：外国语学院专业：英语年级(班）：110801学号： 110801104姓名：杨冲指导教师：张莎莎2014年11月 25 日开题报告填写要求1．开题报告作为毕业设计（论文）答辩委员会对学生答辩资格审查的依据材料之一。
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3．开题报告字数应在1500字以上，参考文献应不少于15篇（不包括辞典、手册，其中外文文献至少3篇），文中引用参考文献处应标出文献序号，“参考文献”应按附件中《参考文献“注释格式”》的要求书写。
4．年、月、日的日期一律用阿拉伯数字书写，例：“2005年11月26日”。
英语专业毕业论文开题报告参考文献1. 西蒙.德.波伏娃，1998，《第二性》，陶铁柱译，中国书籍出版社2.贾巍巍.从女性主义视角解读蓓基·夏普重读《名利场》.长春理工大学学报(社会科学版 2013年第一卷第6期 193-194页3. 曾燕波.《名利场》中主要女性主义形象的解读.云梦学刊. 2006年1月第27卷第一期，第149-151页4.(英)威·梅·萨克雷(W.M.Thackeray).Vanity Fair.世界图书出版公司.2008(2).5.郭兰,浅析知识女性实现自我价值的障碍. 中国地质大学学报( 社会科学版). 2002 年4 月第3 卷第2 期第69-71页6.陈梅霞.《名利场》中译本女性意识的再现.宁夏大学学报.(人文社会科学版)2011年11月第33卷第6期7.赵丽梅，关于女性与自我价值的思考.科技资讯，2006年第15期第174页8.方钰，存在主义的女性主义哲学的归宿一略论波伏娃《第二性》的当代意义，青岛大学师范学院学报 2006年6月第23卷第2期第36-41页10.刘风山.萨克雷与蓓姬.夏泼的道德清白一重读《名利场》天津外国语学院学报，2011年7月第18卷第四期11. 尹旦萍，女性自己的声音-新文化运动时期女性主义思想.妇女研究论丛。
分析《简爱》和《名利场》中的女性主义
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《嘉莉妹妹》和《名利场》中的女性的性格及命运对比分析_英语论文
---------------------------------------------------------------范文最新推荐------------------------------------------------------ 《嘉莉妹妹》和《名利场》中的女性的性格及命运对比分析_英语论文Abstract When Sister Carrie was first released in 1900 in America by Dreiser, it was regarded as immoral and not accepted by readers. For Carrie can be different man’s lover for fame and money. Gradually, some accept her. With time passing, it is still controversial today. And when Vanity Fair was published in the middle of 19th century in English by William Thackeray, who is one of the most famous realistic critical novelists, the female character in this novel was considered as influential character. Although these two novels were written in different place and different time, images of them are very great.9341This paper deals with the comparison of images and fates between Sister Carrie and Vanity Fair. Although they share much the same experience and characteristics, the thesis focuses on the differences of their images and fates1 / 10under the conditions of the influence of social background and author’s attitude towards Carrie and Rebecca. Finally, the paper brings up the reasons for the differences between images and fates. A qualitative method and a contrastive method will be carried out throughout the study.Key Words: comparison, Sister Carrie, Vanity Fair摘要当嘉莉妹妹在1900年在美国出版的时候，是不被读者所接受的。
《名利场》读后感
《名利场》（Vanity Fair）是19世纪英国作家威廉·梅克比斯·萨克雷（William Makepeace Thackeray）的一部讽刺小说，讲述了两位女主角瑞贝卡·夏普（Rebecca Sharp）和艾米莉亚·赛德利（Emma Woodhouse）在英国社会中的不同命运和价值观。
这部作品以尖锐的笔触揭示了19世纪英国社会的虚伪、贪婪和道德败坏。
阅读《名利场》，我对人性、社会阶层和道德价值观有了更深的理解。
小说中的瑞贝卡·夏普是一个聪明、机智、无情的女子，她利用自己的美貌和才智在社会中攀附权贵，最终获得了财富和地位。
瑞贝卡的形象让我对社会阶层和人性有了更深的思考。
她的行为揭示了当时社会的贪婪和虚伪，也让我对成功的定义和价值观产生了质疑。
与之形成鲜明对比的是艾米莉亚·赛德利，她是一个善良、纯洁、天真的女子，最终因为社会的残酷和男性的背叛而悲剧收场。
艾米莉亚的形象让我对道德和真诚有了更深的认识。
她的遭遇让我对社会的不公和道德价值观的扭曲有了更深的感受。
《名利场》中的人物形象丰富多彩，每一个人物都具有鲜明的个性。
萨克雷通过人物的语言、行为和内心独白，展现了当时英国社会的风貌和人性的复杂性。
这让我对社会阶层和人性有了更深的理解，也让我对文学的力量和描绘人物的艺术有了更深的欣赏。
英语专业毕业论文-名利场全英
1. IntroductionThis part makes a brief introduction to the author Thackeray, his novel Vanity Fair, his life and art, and introduces the heroines in the novel Vanity Fair.Thackeray (1811-1863) was a representative of critical realism in 19th century England. He was born in India in the family of an English official. He was sent back to England for education at Charterhouse School and then at Trinity College in the age of six. In 1831 he used to study law in Middle Temple but finally he gave it up. Then he went to Paris to study painting. In 1833 he work for The National Standard as a proprietor, he both wrote and drew for it. Unfortunately, the failure of an India bank where he had deposited his inherited fortune left him without means. As a result, in order to support his family he turned to journalism for a living. In his early life, Thackeray wrote all kinds of articles, mainly short pieces for journals and relatively slim books. Up to 1847, a series of his satirical sketches were collected in The Book of Snobs. But it was not until the publication of Vanity Fair that the world recognized the appearance of a new novelist of the first rank. Vanity Fair came out in 1847-48, which established his reputation as a novelist. The novel Vanity Fair is regarded as the peak of Thackeray’s literary career. “His realism declined after that. He was somewhat alarmed by the revolutionary movement of 1848 and was not prepared to accept the idea of breaking the existing social structure. Signs of reconciliation with reality can be traced in his later writings. And he drifted two series of lectures and wrote a number ballads and verses (Sun Hanyun,130)” He died of heart disease on December 24, 1863.“Vanity Fair”is the fiction of an English writer who lived in the19th century and named William Makepeace Thackeray, “Vanity Fair” is the work that makes him famous in literature, which holds the very important position in the English literature and even the world literature. It has succeeded portraying Rebecca Sharp and Amelia Sedley. It tells a story about two women who have different fates with each other. Rebecca is a beautiful woman who lives in the lowest stratum of the society, but has a higher education. The experiences of living in different environment makes her have a distorted disposition. So she tries hard to step into the upper class and aim at fame and wealth blindly. Rebecca is portrayed as a rebellious and cunning young woman determined to make her way in society. Another is kind girl---Amelia, on the contrary, a warm hearted and pure girl lives in a rich family, yearning for love, living a happy life.The title of this work comes from Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress meaning “a fair, wherein are sold all sorts vanity”, the author intended to make a vivid picture of the selfish, hypocritical and money-grabbing world of that time. The subtitle of the book is “A Novel without a Hero”. From this we can see that firstly there are no exactly positive characters in a world full of bad and cunning people. Secondly it may hint that this is a novel about women instead of men. Although the subtitle may also imply that there is no real hero in the work, Rebecca and Amelia can be the real heroines of the novel in a way.2. Amelia’s CharacterAs the heroine of this novel, Amelia is a kind and pure woman, many people do not understand why not regard Amelia as a perfect character in this novel. As we can see that she has many traditional virtues, but on the other hand the author also portrayed her as a obedient and passivewoman.2.1 A Kind and Pure AmeliaAmelia is a soft, warm-hearted lady and tender love toward her lover, her friend and all people around her. Besides, she is an innocent girl without any evil tricks in the traditional society.She was born in a rich upper class family, and has chance to receive a good education and grow up healthily and happily. She is treated with all courtesy and mother’s intensive care which shapes her with the disposition of gentility and kindness. Amelia’s presents Mr. Sedly and Mrs. Sedly are very kind people, especially Mr. Sedly. He is kind to Miss Sharp though she is only a poor and ordinary governess from the lowest class in the hierarchical society. And Amelia’Brother Joseph, he is dull and silly, but he is a friendly man to others. And all in all, there are no bad or evil persons in this family. From this we can see that the good family environment makes a significant contribution to Amelia’s characters of kindness.Amelia is kind –hearted to her friend, Rebecca. When Rebecca saw the two magnificent Cashmere shawls, which Joseph Sedley had brought home to his sister, she said, “that is must be delightful to have a brother,”and this easily got the pity of the tender-hearted Amelia, for being alone in the world, an orphan without friends or kindred. “Not alone,” said Amelia; “you know, Rebecca, I shall always be your friend, and love you as a sister-indeed I will.” She regards Rebecca as her best girlfriend though she knows that Rebecca is from the lowest class and even tries her best to help her. And when she knows that Rebecca has done many bad things that are harmful to her, she still chooses to forgive her. So from all these reasons, Amelia is a kind woman.What’s more, Amelia is also a pure and innocent woman. In her mind, it seems that everybody in this world is kind- hearted. For example, Amelia is hard to believe that the head-teacher of her school, Miss Pinkertontreats her well just because her advantageous family conditions and Miss Pinkerton could benefit from her.Amelia yearns for love. She puts all her emotion on Osborne, who comes from a wealthy family, but Osborne in fact is a playboy, he never makes Amelia’s dream of love come true. Yet Amelia still pursuits, “George was her Europe, her emperor, her allied monarchs and august prince regent…he was her sun and moon…when he came to Russel Square, her face lighted up as if she had been sunshine…As soon as the door was shut, she went fluttering to lieutenant George Osborne’s heart as if it was the only natural home for her to nestle in.” Her love for George is so pure and deep. Even after her husband died in the war, she yield to the fate and didn’t get married to other people.2.2 A Obedient and Passive AmeliaAmelia is a traditional woman in the Victorian Times, she is a subordinate, passive and pure, and everything a Victorian lady aspired to be. Amelia is born in a family of the upper middle class but she always lives a long-suffering life, and accepted whatever her husband wanted or did. She can get good education, every luxury she desired and acquired respect through her family’s status. But look at Amelia, she is just like a “Angel in the House”or “queen of the Garden”, like most of housewives, although she has higher education, but she has no ideas about her only life, she just did whatever her husband wanted her to do, to be a good wife, and to be a good mother. “Victorian middle-class girls who aspired to ladyhood were expected to live carefully circumscribed lives while in training for marriage ideally, and if not, a useful old maid---hood” (Rowbotham16).In chapter 57, Amelia accepted money from old Osborne after giving up little George.Her lack of pride stemmed from her being naturally simple and demand of protection, and revealed her suffering, poverty, humility and privations since her marriage. And many women similarly sacrificed themselves, they are subordinate and lacking the courage to resist.Amelia lives a passive life; she lives in the suppression of her home under the protection of her parents. A middle-class young woman was expected to be submissive and virtuous so that one day she would either take care of her husband’s needs and desire or continue to bring up her children. So we can see from the book she regards love as her only life purpose, from she graduated until she gets married with George, she lives a suffering life, she sees a marriage to George as inevitable because it was their parents “order”and because her behavior and her class exemplify her worth as a prominent lady.2.3 A Idealistic and Selfish AmeliaAlthough Thackeray portrays Amelia as a considerate mother, a docile wife, a filial daughter and even a sympathetic woman, there are still a lot of disadvantages of Amelia. She is sometimes as selfish and self-centered as Rebecca, in other words, she lives in her own ideal world and she doesn’t admit something happened around her. For example, Amelia devotes herself to the relationship with her husband George blindly. Like Rebecca, she marries a man who is not able- minded than her. But unlucky she is never aware of her own identity, refuses to admit this fact, accept to whatever her husband wanted or did. on the contrary, Rebecca controls her husband Rawdon Crawley to reshape here own fate.And what’s more she is selfish, subordinate and dependent in her relationship with George and Dobbin. She fell in love with George but she never refuses Dobbin to love her. And there is evidence to prove she is self-centred and she ignores Dobbin’s love for her but never refusesdirectly. Dobbin bought Amelia a piano as a gift, but in her mind the piano is from George, not Dobbin, she treasures the gift unless it was George’ gift. She says, “I value it more than anything I have in the world. Can I do otherwise? Did not the give it to me?”Yet she knows that it was Dobbin sent her the gift but not George sent, “it struck her, with inexpressible pain and mortification. It was not George’s relic. It was valueless now” (Thackeray 2010, 670). She doesn’t like the piano as before when she knows Dobbin sent it to her. Dobbin always keeps Amelia and her son’s company after George died in the war. But he receives only Amelia’s reproach, “it is you who are cruel now. George is my husband, here and in heaven”(Thackeray 2010,671). Her self-deluding makes her to push aside the only friend she has, Dobbin, who really cares her and loves her.3. Rebecca’s CharacterRebecca was born in a poor family, in the lowest class of English society at that time. she takes advantage of her beauty, talent, and anything could help her, in order to enter upper class and live a comfortable life. Thackeray portrays her as a cunning, selfish, hypocritical woman, it is the representative of the snobbish. On the other hand, she is a rebellious and courageous woman. She is a woman who has a strong desire to fame and wealth, struggled to make her way in the society.3.1 A Cunning and Hypocritical RebeccaRebecca Sharp is a classic example of this money –grubbing instinct. Her only aspiration in life is gain wealth and position by any means, through lies, mean actions and unscrupulous speculating with every sacred ideal.Rebecca is a tricky, evil and cunning woman. She has a strong desire to be a rich woman and live a comfortable life. She has enough poor life when she lived with her father, so she realized she must try her best to enter the upper class to live a wealthy life and to be a grand woman with all methods. She does everything: flatter, betray and spoil other people. When in Amelia’s home, she knows everyone’s disposition and hobbies quickly, and tries to be close to everyone in Amelia’s home. She gets everyone’s love very soon. But all these she does is to make her way to enter the upper class, she even wants to marry Joseph, Amelia’s stupid brother, she pretends to fall in love with him and teases him, but finally she failed. Then she takes advantage of her wisdom to win the old lady -- Miss Crawley’s favor, only because she wants to marry Miss Crawley’s nephew, she thinks that Crawley could inherit a big fortune from his aunt.Rebec ca’father is a poor painter, and her mother works as an opera-girl. Although her mother’s profession doesn’t seem to be respected, it is exactly a work that her mother supports their family by her own labor. But as for Rebecca, she never bring up that her mother is an opera- girl, it seems to bring humiliations to her. She just said her grandma’s family was very prominent. What’s more, when she and her husband came back England from France, they have no income at all, but they use the finest wine to treat people. And Rebecca pretends herself to be a upper class woman, she always dressed in latest fashion, with expensive jewelry, rambling the park with some rich people. All these turn out that Rebecca is a hypocritical woman; she wants to be rich, and she fully realized, she must try her best and use every means to enter the upper class of the society, so that she can live a wealthy life and have much money in this kind of society.3.2 A Courageous and Competent RebeccaRebecca was born in a very poor family, in the lowest class of society. And her parents died when she was very young and they didn’t leave any property to her. We can know that she has already met a lot of difficulties when she was a child. But she never yielded to such bitter days; instead she struggled in a hypocritical world. It turns out that Rebecca is active, courageous in such a cruel society.She thinks that her talent and beauty were not worse than the other girls, so she should have the same right as them to pursue a comfortable life. But things are not like that, she doesn’t get due respect. In order to make a living, she studied in a Pinkerton female school, and at the same time she needs to work to feed herself. In the school, she suffered from a lot discrimination by those children who are from a rich upper class family, just because she was born in a poor lowest class family. A long with these discriminations and difficulties, she realized nobody could help her but herself, she becomes more and more courageous to face those difficulties in her life and make plans for her future. She tries to become excellent as the other girls, she has inherited her father’s artistic talent and her mother’s performing arts, and also has the independent ability to life. All these make other girls from look at her with new eyes. From the other side can also be seen that she is courageous and rebellious. Rebecca changes the traditional marriage and family patterns that husband is a controller while wife should be obedient. She makes the marriage as a stepping stone, she flatters the others, also causes the others to flatter her. Her marriage can only contribute to her road of getting wealthy.At the same time, hard life makes her become an intelligent and competent woman. In addition to her wicked tricks, we can see that she can think of all kinds of means on her way to step into the upper society.When she and Rawdon lives a year in Paris, they don’t have income, Rebecca thinks of different ways to borrow money. It is she who spreadthe rumor that Rawdon has inherited the large a lot of money from hisrich aunt, so that they can get out of Paris without paying any debts, since she has ordered a newly decorated apartment against her return.It is she who settles for a percentage of Rawdon’s debt in England,so that he may return to London for a fresh start. This can turn outshe is very competent and intelligent.3.3 An Invincible and Adventurous RebeccaRebecca is different from the obedient and passive Victorian women, she is invincible and venturous. In order to please Miss Crawley, she spent two weeks in the hospital accompanying Miss Crawley. Although the job is busy and tired, she maintains her composure. And when her husband Crawley discovers the illicit between Rebecca and Lord Steyne, she is subjected to the social criticism and contempt, she is rebuffed everywhere, but never yield. Whenever she wants to find a shelter for herself, the society smashes it completely, and she has to start from the very beginning. Although it is really difficult for a woman, she still tries to win the good reputation for herself and be a good upper class woman. We are happy to see that she recovers herself in the end, and continuously struggle for gaining what she wants. All the things turn out she is invincible and ambitious.In order to achieve her life goals, she flirts with people who can control the society and causes people flirts with her too. She has to do something adventurous to pay for her means. Marriage for Rebecca is more an economic business venture than a sentimental union. She staked her marriage to pave her way to enter the upper class. Women should be passive and obedient in England that time, however Rebecca is an independent woman.She does everything for herself, she is an smart woman who insists on pursuing independence and insists on her own judgment. She is a new woman in Victorian times, she dares to challenge the world. From these it turns out that she is ambitious and adventurous.4. The Comparison between the Two Women CharactersAs Amelia is a kind, pure, but obedient and passive woman. Rebecca is a cunning, evil, but courageous, and intelligent woman. The two women seem to have many differences from each other. What causes these differences? As the saying goes, people from different class, they will be different. Different family and education leads to their different ways of living and different attitudes to life.4.1 Different BackgroundsRebecca and Amelia are both Pinkerton school’s students, but their family education is totally different. They are from different backgrounds and receive different educations, which is also decisive in their future behaviors.Amelia’s living environment is stable; she was born in a rich family in the upper society. Since she is from upper society, girls in Pinkerton all like her, they think Amelia is kind like an angel. All the people around her give her love, her parents and brothers, friends and servants. So Amelia thinks the world is so beautiful, she couldn’t find any defects. She couldn’t see the essence of the society live in such a superior life, and can’t adapt to the changes of social environment. When her family ruined, she even dares to face the reality, she only remembers theconformable life before, living in her own memory. It turns out she is passive and obedient.On the contrary, Rebecca was born in a very poor family, in the lowest class of society. And her parents died when she was very young and they didn’t leave any property to her. Because of her humble social status, she lives a poor and discriminatory life. We can know that she has already met a lot of difficulties when she was a child. However the hypocoristic society makes her have such a sense that she should struggle to step into the upper society, so that she can live a comfortable life. The poor life makes her a strong and rebellious woman.4.2 Different Attitudes to LoveAmelia is a typical and traditional Victorian woman. Love is one of the most important things for her, she tries her best to love her husband, considers her husband as her Europe, her King, her Sun and her Moon. She is a typical image as an understanding wife in a patriarchal society, her husband and children seem to be all her life. She relies on George, but George is a dandy who can’t bring her ideal happiness. Even when her husband died in the war, a lot of men love her, but she refuses their love. She said “George is my husband, he, here and in heaven”. Amelia‘s loyalty and long, blind devotion to her husband amount almost to stupidity. She regards loyal love and sweet family to be the only goal of her life.For the love, Rebecca is a member of the utilitarian school. In life she always shows a shrewd cunning, seek nothing but profits only, her life goal is to enter the upper class. She takes advantages of her beauty, intelligence and all the conditions she own to help her achieve her goal. Her marriage is not a exception. She doesn’t love anyone except herself.She wants to marry Joseph, Amelia’s stupid brother, she pretends to fall in love with him and teases him, but finally she failed. Then she takes advantage of her wisdom to win the old lady -- Miss Crawley’s favor, only because she wants to marry Miss Crawley’s nephew, she thinks that Crawley could inherit a big fortune from his aunt. She makes the marriage as a stepping stone, she flatters the others, also causes the others to flatter her. Her marriage can only contribute to her road of getting wealthy. Rebecca never seeks the true love, “love” for her is only a tool to help her get the money and fame, occupy a space for her in the upper society. "Love" in Rebecca’s life dictionary was coupled with the "practical", "practical love" helps her finally gain fame and fortune, but she has lost the worthwhile things that fame and fortune never can replace.4.3 Different Attitudes to Difficulties and Fate.Amelia is a weak, innocent woman, born in a superior family, she seems to love everyone around her and others love her too. Fate for her seems to be arranged already, to be a good woman, then a good wife, finally a good mother. Although she has higher education, she doesn’t know how to face difficulties and fight with fate. When her family ruined, she still lost in her ideal dream. She is a mediocre woman, unable to resist the fate, pursuing nothing but h er own “true love” blindly.“love” is the life goal for Amelia, devoting her whole life to her husband and son. When she was young, she depends on her parents, when she gets married, she depends on her husband. When her husband died in the war, she depends on Dobbin who loves her from the very beginning but she never takes any notice. From she graduated until she gets married with Dobbin at last, she lives in a obedient and suffering life. She gets lost in her ideal dream, relies her fate on other people.Rebecca is an invincible and independent image; We can see that she has already met a lot of difficulties when she was a child. But she never yielded to such bitter days, instead she struggled in a hypocritical world. It turns out that Rebecca is active, courageous in such a cruel society.We can see that fate never treats her well, but she accepts those unfairness bravely instead of complain about her difficulties. Doesn’t like Amelia, she was born in a poor background. She can only rely on herself. Although on her way perusing the rich life, she tricks other people, flirting with men, it turns out she is venturous and brave in such a cruel society. At the end, she changes her fate and proves her abilities to others. It would never be possible to achieve her goal if were not Rebecca’s steady struggle with her fate by holding positive attitude whenever she meets difficulties.5. ConclusionThis is a novel without a hero; from the above analysis we can see that both Amelia and Rebecca have their advantages and disadvantages. Amelia is kind and pure but sometimes she is selfish and obedient. Rebecca is courageous and competent but on the other side she is cunning and evil. According to the characteristics of British society in the early nineteenth century, the different images of the two women are the chief representatives of the women of that time, and both are the victims of the society only in different ways; they all struggle to make their ways in such a cruel society at that time.It gives a conclusion at last, different living environments leads to different characters, and the social reality leads to different fates. You can’t choose your birth environments, but you should try your best to be a person with goodcharacters. Therefore it provokes people especially women to contemplate how women should live their lives.In fact, women should be independent, no matter what society they live in. they need to establish their own goals and social circles, so that they are not passive and obedient to their families and they can live a more colorful life. Rebecca and Amelia just embody their value through financial dependence on men, either utilizing them or succumbing to them.A good mentality is also important for women, which is not only refers to a good understanding of human world, but also refers to the positive attitudes to difficulties and fate. Never yield to fate and difficulties, to be strong-minded , to live simply, to think quietly. So women should live positively and struggle actively against difficulties and unfair fate. That is why she appears more positive than Amelia and is never defeated by those difficulties in her unfair fate.Besides, no matter in which ages, girls should be a kind and pure like Amelia. A cunning and evil girl like Rebecca can never be imitated. Girls should own a beautiful heart, to be a warm-hearted woman, to love others; therefore other people will also love you. Let the past pass, it is no use to blame yourself or others. In the novel, Amelia can forgive Rebecca’s mistakes and regard Rebecca as her friend. It can be seen that she is very kind just like an angel.Finally women are supposed to live fully and confidently, even when life is bitter for her. Though Rebecca was born in a poor family, she never lost her confidence. However Amelia should be confident like Rebecca, to pursue her true life instead of submitting to fate.Different living environment leads to different characters, and the social reality leads to different fates. No matter what kind of environments we were born, people should try to make a difference. We should be a kind and pure girl like Amelia, and be a rebellious, courageous,smart girl like Rebecca. If I was a poor girl like Rebecca, I will try my best to make a different. Although it will be difficult to make progress, but I think it is worth a try. If I were a rich girl like Amelia, I will try tomake a better use of this property instead of enjoying and wasting it. Different people have different pursuits, such as money, social status, happiness, etc, what we should remember is that keep on struggling to your goal with right methods, one day you will succeed!References[1] Beauvoir Simone de.The Second Sex[M]. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.1952.[2] Blamires Harry.A Short History of English Literature[M]. London: TheChaucerPress Ltd. Bungay Suffolk, 1984.[3] Bruce Cicero. Thackeray's Vanity Fair[J]. Explicator, 1995(2): 26-28.[4] Chesler Phyllis. Women and Madness[M]. New York: Avon Books, 1972.[5] Clark, Michael. Thackeray and Women. DeKalb:Northern IllinoisUniversity Press,1995.[6] Dyson A. E. Vanity Fair: An Irony against Heroes[J]. CriticalQuarterly, 1964(6):15-17.[7] Edward Alexander. Enduring Fictions[J]. Wilson Quarterly,1997(2):32-33.[8] Ferris Ina.William Makepeace Thackeray[M]. Bosto: Twayne Publishers,1983.[9] Laurence Lemer. The Victorians[M]. London: Methuen, 1978.[10] Lu Hsun. After Nora's Withdrawal[D]. From The Complete MiscellaneousWorks of Lu Hsun[M]. Zhengzhou: Henan People's Publishing House, 1994.[11] Melville, Lewis. The life of William Makepeace Thackeray, vol.II&VI.[M].London: Routledge/Thocmmes Press, 1996.[12] Thackeray William Makepeace. Vanity Fair[M].Beijing: ForeignLanguage Teaching a1997.[13] Thackeray William Makepeace. Vanity Fair[M]. London: WordsworthEditionsLimited, 2001.[14] 高丽萍，夏波与爱米丽两个女性形象比较—重读《名利场》[J].济宁师范专科学校报，2002（5）.[15] 孙汉云：英国文学教程，河海大学出版社，2004年.[16] 田慧莉，论十九世纪英国中产阶级妇女的家庭地位和权力，经济与社会发展，2005（3）.[17] 吴伟仁，《英国文学史及选读》 .外语教学与研究出版社，2003,7.187-192.[18] 王新春，李莎莎. 《名利场》的人物分析及主题思想，江西社会科学，2001.[19] 杨绛，萨克雷《名利场》序. 《文学评论》，北京：中国广播电视出版社，1959（3）:101-112.（注：可编辑下载，若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢!）。
On Images of Women in Gone with the Wind and Vanity Fair 论飘和名利场中的女性形象
On Images of Women in Gone with the Wind and Vanity Fair摘要：《飘》和《名利场》这两部有名的作品都描写了在当时的社会背景下几个女主角的形象和性格。
美国作品《飘》描写了两位性格截然不同的女主角坚韧顽强，勇于面对困难不退缩的生活态度。
特别是斯佳丽不懈的拼搏奋斗，给人以极大的心灵震撼和精神鼓舞。
英国作品《名利场》中的丽贝卡和阿米莉亚也同斯佳丽和美兰妮一样，成为他那个年代颇有影响力的女性人物。
本文运用比较分析法，将来自不同国家和时代的女性形象相互比较：首先比较她们的出身背景，相貌及所受教育;其次比较她们对社会所持的态度;最后比较他们面对艰难挫折及命运的态度。
并且还将她们与那一时代的男性也稍微加以比较。
使这些女性的形象更加鲜明。
关键字：飘，名利场，分析比较Abstract: These two famous masterpieces Gone with the Wind and Vanity Fair have described several images of women under the social background of that time. The American novel Gone with the Wind eulogizes the two main female characters whose kidneys are completely different in diligence, pertinacity as well as positive attitude towards life when they encounter difficulties. Especially, the pain-staking strive of the indomitable and unyielding Scarlett shakes our hearts and inspires our spirit. Compare to Scarlett and Melanie, The actresses of England masterpiece Vanity Fair Rebecca and Amelia were considerably influential female characters in Thackeray’s age. The thesis makes a comparison between them: first, their background, education and appearance; second, their attitudes toward society; third, their attitudes towards difficulties in life and fate. By these in detail comparison, we get bright images of these women in these two novels.Keywords:Gone with the Wind, Vanity Fair, comparisonContents1. Introduction (1)2. Comparison of the two female heroines in Gone with the Wind and Vanity Fair (2)2.1 Comparison between Rebecca Sharp and Scarlett O’Hara (2)2.1.1 Rebecca Sharp and Scarlett O’Hara’s background and appearance (2)2.2.2 Scarlett O’Hara and Rebecca Sharp’s attitudes towards society (4)2.2.3 Scarlett O’Hara and Rebecca Sharp’s attitudes towards difficultiesand fate (6)3. Disproval of the wrong understanding about Rebecca Sharp a nd Scarlett O’Hara (7)3.1 Disproval of the wrong understanding about Scarlett O’ Hara (7)3.1.1 On her attitude towards man (7)3.1.2 On her attitude towards money (8)3.2 Disproval of the wrong understanding about Rebecca Sharp .. 93.2.1 On her living skills (9)3.2.2 On her marriage plan (10)4. Conclusion (10)Bibliography (12)1. IntroductionGone with the Wind is always considered as a romantic love story runs parallel with the descriptions of the realistic American Civil War. The readers always sighed with emotion not only about the complicated and touching love of entanglement among Scarlett, Ashley and Butler, but also the historical panorama of the crisscross and soul-stirring Civil War and postwar reconstruction, just as a powerful and magnificent epic poem, especially, the pain-staking strive of the indomitable and unyielding Scarlett who dares to face reality and never bows to fate and unceasing attempt of timid and shy but determined Melanie who makes no compromise with difficulties shake the readers’ hearts and inspire their spirit.(Cai Yangyu, 2008: 183) All commentators find V anity Fair a powerful moral novel which is also regarded as one of the greatest critical realistic works in Victorian Age. In their point of view, Vanity Fair reflects the relationship between people in capitalistic society, hierarchy of social rank along with the advantageous and disadvantageous relationship between feudatorial nobles and petty capitalists in the society as well as their corruption.As we all know, both of these two novels have two main female characters. The writers of these two novels focused their energy on narrating the stories happened around their two main female characters in their novels, and the similarities of these heroines astonished me very much. It is not difficult for us to find that there is something in Scarlett that we can also find in Rebecca This thesis will make a comparison of these two characters, and find out the difference and common ground between them and then summarize the common advantages of them. By comparing the main characters in these two works. We may have a better understanding of these women. Although these characters are so famous and vivid and a great number of reviewers had once written reviews on them, there are still some wrong understandings about them and the thesis will disprove them in order to reemphasize how strong the women are. For one’s growing experiences, surroundings andbackground exert great effects on the formation of one’s characters.2. Comparison of the two female heroines in Gone with the Wind and Vanity FairAs has been mentioned in the introduction, the female characters in these two works have a lot of resemblance. So in this chapter, further and detailed comparisons will be made to show the commonness and dissimilarity of these female characters. The thesis will analyze these women from five aspects: their backgrounds which contain their parentage, education and growing circumstance, their appearance, their attitudes toward society and the difficulties in life and fate.2.1 Comparison between Rebecca Sharp and Scarlett O’HaraFirstly, let us compare Scarlett O’Hara with Rebecca Sharp on these three aspects mentioned before. While reading these two novels, we may aware that both Rebecca and Scarlett are non-traditional women and very strong in mind when they struggled with the hardships and difficulties in life. So, in the following Paragraphs, the thesis will analyze Rebecca Sharp and Scarlett O’Hara to see whether their growing experience are similar or not and what influence them to form their attitudes towards society and difficulties in life and fate.2.1.1 Rebecca Sharp and Scarlett O’Hara’s background and appearanceScarlett O’Hara’s background is goods enough to be one of the positive elements which allow her to possess a comparatively higher position in social class. The facial features of Scarlett are not out of ordinary. But she has sharp feature which makes her very sexy. Scarlett came from a rich family in the southern part of America. The union of her father and mother is no less than a miracle. For when they married, Mr. O’Hara was only a poor man with nothing of family recommended him while his wife was“the daughter of one of the wealthiest and proudest families”. (Mitchell, Margaret, 2002: 32) Scarlett’s father was a loud-voiced and red-faced man with little education. He had no good background and descendent money from his relatives to support him and built up his property from nothing but the assistance of his stamina and diligence. He is easy to be angry and often roars to his slaves and his daughters, except his wife. Unlike Scarlett’s father, Scarlett’s mother was a fair, noble and gentle well- educated woman who was incredibly strict with her daughters. Although Scarlett can get a high education, she didn’t like study. In her point of view, the courses for learning knowledge are useless for girls while the most important course for a girl to learn is how to seize men’s heart, which she has already mastered expertly. Scarlett had a good figure and a better lineament. Just as the first chapter of Gone with the Wind described, “It was an arresting face, pointed of chin, square of jaw. Her eyes were pale green without a touch of hazel, starred with bristly back lashes and slightly titled at the end. Above them, her thick black brows slanted upward, cutting a startling oblique line in her magnolia-white skin.”(Margaret Mitchell, 2002:1)Rebecca Sharp had a humble background which she took as one of her great humiliation. She came from a lower class family and didn’t have a decent identity. Her father was an artist and had given lessons of drawing at Miss Pinkerton’s school. He was a clever man, a peasant companion, a carless student, with a great propensity for running into debt. When he was drunk, he used to beat his wife and daughter. (William Thackeray, 1994:16)Rebecca’s mother is a French woman who was by profession an opera-girl.(William Thackeray, 1994:17) Unfortunately, Rebecca’s mother died when she was less than eight years old. And she passed her childhood under the care of her rude and bad-mannered father. However, her humble parentage did not form an insurmountable obstruction for her to receive good and formal education. The language ability she inherited from her mother provided a precious opportunity for her to study in Miss Pinkerton’s school. Different from Scarlett, Rebecca appreciated study. Although Rebecca’s studying condition was much worse than the other careless girls, she can take advantage of every means that the school offered her, and she was very diligent and speedily went through the little course of study which is considerednecessary for ladies in those days. By mentioning Rebecca’s appearance, we must admit she was just an ordinary looking woman. “She was small and slight in person; pale, sandy-haired, and with eyes habitually cast down; when they looked up they were very large, odd and attractive”. “By the side of many tall and bouncing young ladies in the establishment, Rebecca Sharp looked like a child”.(William Thackeray, 1994:17) Her lineament did not make her extraordinary from the other girls, so it gives no distinct aid to her successes she got in life.2.2.2 Scarlett O’Hara and Rebecca Sharp’s attitudes towards societyScarlett’s attitude toward society was too strong and bolshy for the people of that time to accept. Most of the time, Scarlett’s behavior can not get the consent of the society. She is a woman who had strong personality, so she had her own ideas or viewpoint about everything. When Scarlett was a little girl, it is very hard for her mother to let her understand the social rules related to women. When she gradually grew up, she began to learning these rules which can conquer men and master them much more proficiently than any other girls. After learning that only to be obedient and tender to the men could a girl capture men’s heart, Scarlett started to pretend to be the right girl who possesses the two virtues. (Zhang Chengguo, 2007: 41) Although it is not difficult for Scarlett to put these manners skillfully into practice, it is not easy for her to understand why the society made such rules to women. And she embarked to suspect whether these rules are correct or not. Even though at first Scarlett tries her best to obey these unnecessary and unfair rules for the sake of her family, she can not restrict herself to follow them for a long time. Scarlett feels extremely disgusting with these strict and useless social rules and she hopes eagerly that the people could abolish these odd and non-humanitarian rules one day. Maybe Scarlett does not realize that she has already become a strong opponent of the society, but, in fact, she does. The pressure from the social rule protectors domesticated Scarlett’s habit, if these social requirements do not damaged her benefits and had no clash with her nature, she’d like to act as a social rule protector. But once the rules are incongruouswith her natural character, she would not car about them. (Zou Chanjuan, 1998: 72)If she was still obedient to the rules under that kind of situation, it was because that she wanted to achieve her certain goals.Although Rebecca had the rebellious spirit continuously existed in her mind. She never shows it in public. So apparently, she is very obedient to the society. But in her mind, she always plans unconventional plots and tries to make them not run counter to the social regulations. Being born in a family of lower class, Rebecca had more chances to contact with various kinds of people as well as the ugly society and had never missed all the ugly and filthy things in the society. At first, she is strongly opposed to this unjust hierarchical regulation and shows her dissatisfaction with society without reservation. She is bored with her school. In her opinion, it is unfair that she cannot share the equal rights as her rich classmates. Envy and grumble are the two manners to console her discontent feeling.(Lin Qing, 2006: 481) However, along with the crease of her age as well as her social experiences, Rebecca became mature and began to realize that there is no use to revolt the society by her personal hatred. Then, she accepted all the unjust rules and embarks on learning to master skills of how to live in this dark society which she thought is the most practical thing that a person should learn at present. So she made a plan the things she ought to do from now on are to arrange her future well and climb as high as she can on the social status by using the despicable manners which she has already learnt. When she found Amelia’s brother would be suitable to be her husband, she immediately decides to put her cap on him without hesitation. Because she knew clearly that to marry a rich man is the only way for a girl like her to improve her life and make her social status higher than before. She was also clear that sometimes it is impossible for her to obey all these rules if she still hoped that her dream would come true one day. So Rebecca weighted the importance of each of the social rules when there was a conflict between to social rules, and then she would stand by some of the important ones for her dream and disobey other for more benefits.(Pang Bo, 2009:28)2.2.3 Scarlett O’Hara and Rebecca Sharp’s attitudes towards difficulties and fateBrave Scarlett has never been beaten down by any difficulties; she can tackle any trouble in the end. She did not yield to any misfortune which her fate brings to her. To struggle against unfair fate with all efforts is the way she treated fate. When confronting the challenges of the difficulties, Scarlett did not wince. Although she was young, she has already undergone lots of hard experience. When her first husband died, she became a widow. At first, Scarlett owns no experience of solving this kind of problems, she did not know how to deal with them, the only thing she intends to do is to remove these heavy burdens forever to have an eternal rest. But Scarlett was not a coward. She persuaded herself with the firm belief that her shoulders were strong enough to bear anything. Hence, after primary struggle of puzzle headedness, Scarlett decides to take her responsibility and to accept this big challenge arranged by fate. Scarlett convinced that future would be better if she insisted on trying her best. At last, she overcame all the difficulties and realized her great ambition.Just like the other rational people, Rebecca did not permit her personal feeling to be an obstacle in the process of dealing with difficulties in life. Based on her explanation, these difficulties were only some problems which were harder than the common ones for her to solve and no matter how hard or unsolvable they are; she will not be stumped by them. (Lin Qing, 2006:481)She laughed at any difficulty she meets. For every time, she can successfully sole these thorny problems. As to fate, Rebecca tries her best to change it. Rebecca is smart and calm at solving tough problems. She had solved numerous problems. No matter how inextricable these problems are to the other people, it would be easy to her. After entering society, she met the first problem that her humble parentage would be a great obstacle to her ambitious plan to become a member of upper class. Then she decided to marry a handsome and high-born husband to get what she wanted. Another precious characteristic which Rebecca had when she is in trouble is her optimistic attitude toward difficulties. In practice, it was her optimistic attitude which gave her endless energy to take positive actions whenever she got chances and never gave up.Sometimes, even men lack such optimistic spirit when they were facing the same situations.3. Disproval of the wrong understanding about Rebecca Sharp and Scarlett O’HaraAs we all know, Vanity Fair and Gone with the Wind are two celebrated novels. So there are a large numbers of critiques about these two books, and the heroines of these two books also became the centre of discussion. But some of the reviews do not evaluate these two female characters correctly. Hence, the thesis selects several representative extracts from some of the typical critiques in which the critics hold negative attitudes towards these two women. The thesis disproves the former understanding about these two female characters.3.1 Disproval of the wrong understanding about Scarlett O’HaraIn the book of Gone with the Wind, the other people always consider Scarlett as a bad woman who likes corrupting public morals. It is because they use a simply negative way to comment her and her behaviors. So, basing on a new point of feminist view, this thesis will give a totally new and fair comment on Scarlett.3.1.1 On her attitude towards manAt the barbecue which is held at Twelve Oaks, Scarlett’s behaviors incur Honey Wilkes’unsatisfying reprehension. He said, “I think Scarlett acted as fast as a girl could act today……. Well, you saw how she was carrying on with every man she could get hold of. I never saw the like…….”Honey’s indignation on Scarlett is unreasonable. Scarlett is extremely charming and sociable. So it’s normal that she could attract many men’s attention. At that time,whether a woman is popular or not depends on the number of the beaux surrounding her. (Yang Renjing, 2001: 134)This was the only way to prove her charm. Scarlett was trained to attract men by her mother when she was a still girl. In addition, Scarlett likes to be the central person no matter where. Therefore, what she did was just based on her hobby and the aesthetic standard of the society but not only for satisfying her vanity. It was her fault to lure the other girl’s beaux. However, if we only put her as our target, it is not correct and fair. These men should also be blamed, too. Because those men who cannot be strong=willed enough to refuse Scarlett’s flirt are not faithful to their girl friends. In this case, Scarlett’s behavior has its reason and is understandable.3.1.2 On her attitude towards moneyRhett always holds prejudice when surveying Scarlett’s problems and he always look down on Scarlett’s passion for money. E.g.: “Good lord!”he (Rhett) cried impatiently. “Don’t you ever think of anything but money?”(Margaret Mitchell,2002: 110)Scarlett had showed a great zeal for land and money, but she is not as bad as Rhett has said. Before the Civil War, Scarlett had no interest in land and money. When her father reveals his intention that he will bequeath Tara to her, Scarlet does not appreciate and even refuse to accept the gift. However, the war and the hard life which went after the war torture her nerves and open a door of her insecure feeling. After the Civil War, how to survive under a totally ruined and changed environment is a very hard thorny problem. Scarlett had to take care of the whole family, so there is no extra energy for her to car more about people’s benefit under such difficult age. Money, Scarlett realized is the only thing that can prevent people from starvation and being defeated by the insecure and unstable age. Thus she endeavors to earn money. She made up her mind to gain sufficient money which could insure her against the needy and tough life which she has once experienced and engraved deep and painful memory on her heart. In order to ensure a better life for the whole family, she exertedthe utmost strength to seize the land and money. Therefore, Scarlett’s aspiration for land and money is only the concretion of her insecure feeling.3.2 Disproval of the wrong understanding about Rebecca Sharp3.2.1 On her living skillsFor Rebecca seldom pays her bills to the poor servants and never stops to gain extra advantage unfairly from them, the w riter is so angry about Rebecca’s modus operandi. He expresses his soreness and indignation: “I wonder how many families are driven to roguery and to ruin by great practitioners in Crawley’s way... But who pities a poor barber who can't get his money for powdering the footmen's heads; or a poor carpenter who has ruined himself by fixing up ornaments and pavilions for my lady’s” (William Thackeray, 1994:152)Egoism is not an abnormal phenomenon in this society. On the contrary, it is the essential element for the people in this society to get success, happiness, property and prosperity. The things which Rebecca has done are just the same as the other filthy things which have been done by the others. She is forced to be the woman who is cunning and fraudulent. It is not her fault. The author of the thesis profoundly understands Rebecca and agrees with her. There is no falsity in her speculations— it is only a question of money and fortune which makes the difference between her and an honest woman. Thackeray also approves of Rebecca's thought. He gives us a persuasive instance: “An alderman coming from a turtle feast will not step out of his carriage to steal a leg of mutton; but put him to starve, and see if he will not purloin a loaf.” (William Thackeray, 1994:164) It is unfair for Rebecca alone to be charged with all these accusation. For no one can deny that Rebecca S harp’s living skills have close relation with the essence of the society. “Money worship” was a evident proof.3.2.2 On her marriage planRebecca's marriage is another target that people like to attack. “I doubt, ma'am, we shall have some trouble with him yet. Here is Emmy's little friend making love to him as hard as she can; that’s quite clear; and if she does not catch him some other will.……”()William Thackeray, 1994:217The above conversation and interior monologue reflect Mrs. Sedley’s great dissatisfaction with Rebecca's intention to marry her son. But it is not Rebecca's fault. It was because that sexual discrimination existed in that society. As universally accepted, Rebecca was the cleverest person in this novel. Her wit could be compared with anyone, even the men. But she was just a woman with no property. She cannot even provide herself a proper job because of the social discrimination. Well then how can a poor and young girl who had no one to depend on, survive in this cruel world and also climb up into the upper stratum of society? The answer was to marry a rich man. Because marriage is a perfect solution for such kind of woman in such kind of society and materialization of marriage is a very natural phenomenon in the society of that age. Therefore, Rebecca’s definite aim to marry a noble and then become a noblewoman is a sensible choice of the smart people in Vanity Fair and is also a short cut to ascend the high social class. This aim is acceptable.4. ConclusionTo conclude, the women's images in both Vanity Fair and Gone with the Wind are very great. Though the two novels are separated in time about ninety years and the writers are from different countries, they are akin to each other in the critical import. Each work has two main female characters. In this paper, we made a comparison between Scarlett and Rebecca from each work. From the comparison, it was easy to get the conclusion that although these two female characters belonged to different kinds and own disparate backgrounds, they have the same advantage that was no matter how hard their lives were, they can use different ways to adjust themselves tohad an optimistic attitude towards life. And they rarely complain about the fate, for they knew it was of no use and a waste of time.There are some former wrong comments on Rebecca Sharp and Scarlett O'Hara. The people around them or the authors criticize them seriously. Some are furious on Scarlett's manful style when she does things; some of them can not accept the way which Rebecca lives by. The reasons why these women are misunderstood by people and deserve such kind of unjust comment are that those people neglect a lot of elements which should be taken into consideration when they commented on these women, such as the background of the society which these women exist in and the limitation of these unfair traditional attitudes towards women which the society holds and so on. This thesis analyzes these incorrect comments, defenses these wrong comments from the women's point of view and emphasizes the advantage of women. Through the analysis we can conclude that the spirit and courage which the women show when they are facing the hardships are great and respectable and should be learnt by people.Bibliography⑴Margaret Mitchell, Gone with the Wind, Nowadays China Press,2002⑵William Thackeray, Vanity Fair, Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 1994,⑶柴阳玉，斯佳丽的执着，[J]安徽文学2008（3）⑷陈嘉，《英国文学史》，[M]商务出版社，1982年⑸霍胜杰，《名利场》中女性命运解读，[J]人文社科，2005，3⑹李沙沙，《论<名利场>和<飘>中的女性形象》，[D]东北林业大学，2006⑺林青，试析萨克雷的《名利场》中女主人公的性格特征，[J]文学研究，2006.2⑻庞博，《名利场》主要人物性格之间的对照叙述，[J]文本研究/电影文学，2009（5）⑼萨克雷著,杨必译.《名利场》, [M]人民文学出版社,1978年⑽杨仁敬，《20世纪美国文学史》，[M]青岛出版社，2001年⑾张成国，真实的个性,迷人的魅力———《乱世佳人》中的女主人公斯佳丽赏析，[J]作家杂志，2007（12）⑿邹婵娟，一半是海水，一半是火焰———试析斯佳丽性格的二元对立性，[J]四川三峡学院学报1998（4）。
英文学论文《名利场》
外国语学院英国文学论文题目：透过《名利场》探究社会腐化现象专业：英语姓名：周xx学号：200804xxxx指导教师：完成日期：2011 年6月13日Reveal the Reasons of Social Corruption tThrough Vanity FairSpecialty: EnglishDirection: CultureApplicant: Zhou WxxxAdvisor:Submitted to College of Foreign LanguagesFor the Certificate of Completion of British literatureAt Hulunbeier CollegeMay 13, 2011透过《名利场》探究社会腐化现象摘要：《名利场》是19世纪著名批判现实主义小说家威廉·梅克皮斯·萨克雷的代表作。
小说中塑造了各式各样的人物，自私和虚伪充斥整篇小说。
通过分析人物，我们可以得出这样的结论: 19世纪的英国社会已经腐化。
本文认为社会腐化首先源于社会经济的迅速发展，巨大的财富是滋生社会腐化的物质基础。
其次在于社会主流文化的导向作用，健康向上的主流社会文化能够有效抑制负面文化的滋生。
第三，社会生活中人们的精神态度，这里的精神态度指的是人们对于主流文化的主观能动作用，即人们是否推崇社会主流文化。
关键词：《名利场》萨克雷社会腐化主流文化Reveal the Reasons of Social Corruption tThrough Vanity FairAbstract：Vanity Fair is the famous critical realism masterpiece of William Makepeace Thackeray in the 19th century. Thackeray in the novel created a wide variety of characters; most of the people are full of selfish and hypocrisy. By analyzing the characters, we can come to this conclusion: that his society had corrupted. There are three reasons for social corruption. Firstly, rapid development of social economy, great wealth is the material basis for social corruption. The Second one, the direction of mainstream culture, a healthy mainstream culture can effectively inhibit the negative culture. The last one, people's mental state in social life, mental state here refers to people's subjective dynamic-role to the mainstream culture, namely whether people follow the mainstream culture.Key words: Vanity Fair Thackeray social corruption mainstream cultureContentsIntroduction (1)Chapter 1 Social Corruption Study of Vanity Fair through Material Development and Social Mainstream Culture1.1 The Effect of Material Development to Social C orruption (2)1.2 The Effect of Social Mainstream Culture to Social C orruption (2)Chapter 2 Social Corruption Study of Vanity Fair through People’s Mental State2.1 The Mental State of Ruling Class (3)2.2 The Mental State of Middle C lass (4)2.3 The Mental State of the Lower Classes (4)Conclusion (5)Bibliography (6)Reveal the Reasons of Social CorruptionThrough Vanity FairIntroductionLike many novels of the time, Vanity Fair was published as a serial before being sold in book form; it was printed in 20 monthly parts between January 1847 and July 1848. (As was standard practice, the last part was a "double number" containing parts 19 and 20.) The parts resembled pamphlets, and contained the text of several chapters between outer pages of steel-plate engravings and advertising. Woodcut engravings, which could be set along with normal moveable type, appeared within the text. The same engraved illustration appeared on the canary-yellow cover of each monthly part; this colour became Thackeray's signature (as a light blue-green was Dickens'), allowing passers-by to notice a new Thackeray number in a bookstall from a distance. Vanity Fair was the first work that Thackeray published under his own name, and was extremely well-received at the time. Most modern editions either do not reproduce all the illustrations, or reproduce them so badly that much detail is lost.In Thackeray’s work there are many similarities with Bunyan's "Vanity Fair". In the Vanity Fair, they teased life, plotting, preparation of lies, flattery noble, fighting each other. Thackeray meant the book to be not only entertaining but also instructive, an intention demonstrated through the book's narration and through Thackeray's private correspondence. According to analysis we can find that in the work it shows us the corruption of society. First it shows us the highly developing capital society through various picture of corruption both in material and spirit. Then Thackeray describes different people who stand for different class. This thesis analyzes the social state from the aspect of social material development and the social culture. Furthermore it also classifies the figures into different classes to analyze their mental state as a certain group. At last we find the reason for corruption.1. Social Corruption Study of V anity Fair through Material Development and Social Mainstream CultureIn this part just as we mentioned we analyze the influence of capitalism on corruption. The first aspect is material development. The second is social mainstream culture.1.1 The Effect of Material Development to Social CorruptionAfter 1801, the United Kingdom won the final war with France lasting for 14 years. British Royal Navy controlled the seas, its foreign trade doubled; its commercial also got a great development. War expands the scope of the British colony, providing cheap raw materials, industrial products also provide the majority of the market, creating a favorable environment for industrial development. With the help of new machines, the United Kingdom continuously improves its productivity which is several times the speed of development. Industrial output of the UK is also rising in the mid-19th century, Britain has become the world's most advanced country.The rapid development of industrial also speeds the urbanization. Manchester, Birmingham, Sheffield, Glasgow and other large industrial cities raise rapidly, a large number of rural people swarmed to cities; the United Kingdom is extremely rapid process of urbanization.Drifting away in rural civilization, rural way of life is gradually fading out of sight, replaced by a new lifestyle and philosophy.In the work we can see the highly developed economy. It is development of economy that paves the way for British; also it provides the hotbed for the corruption of the people.1.2 The Effect of Social Mainstream Culture to Social CorruptionIn the work we can see that the process of industrialization, the industrial bourgeoisie and the interests of the working class from the past gradually evolved into antagonistic classes. In the Industrial Revolution, large industrial machinery gradually replaced handicraft production; workers have become the accessories of machine. Maximize profits is the object of capitalists, they do everything possible to increase working hours, increasing labor intensity with lower wage even if women and children. Capitalists can not give workers the necessary safety. Poor workingenvironment, serious health hazards threat workers’ health and personal safety. "Market competition, also caused a large number of the poor. To the late 19th century, Britain had nearly a million people unemployed. The development of capitalism comes to the free heyday, bourgeois contempt for human rights, not to the unemployed and the poor as they think, that poverty is due to "personal laziness". With such ideas as a guide, 1834, under the impetus of the industrial bourgeoisie, the government enacted a "Poor Law." This law established in the country workhouse, where no source of income, in need of social assistance is required to enter the workhouse. But the poor were still forced to do heavy manual labor with extremely poor living conditions.This change people ideal about society, people become money worship they try their best to make money for life. Money becomes the only rule of judging a person.Chapter 2 Social Corruption Study of V anity Fair through People’s Mental State In the work different figures stand for different classes, here we will analyze the mental state of different classes according to the figures.2.1 The Mental State of Ruling ClassRepresentative figure: George Osborne.George Osborne is the son of businessman, here we choose him as the representative figure. May be he can not stand all the capitalists in his time but he shows the mental state of the most capitalists. George Osborne, Amelia's husband, the only son of the rich businessman. He is a handsome young man, but his behavior and appearance quite different. his corrupt ideas are full of bourgeois hedonism. As a son, Osborne exhausted all means to cheat money from his father, but never wanted to return to his father. He had to respect for his father on the surface, because the old Osborne controlled the economic lifeline of inheriting his fortune. As a husband, Osborne is a liar; he does not love his wife. As an unborn child's father, he never take his responsibility, he just was waste of money, as usual, never consider the child's future. As an officer, he favors the war, not for defending the country of foreignaggression, but wants to get a higher rank and profit. Sometimes he like children, do not know what is right and what is wrong. He never considers the consequences and things that bring harm to others. He deceived anyone, even himself, because he always thought Becky like himself.From the analysis we can draw the conclusion that the Ruling Class--- capitalists got lost in their time, in their mind all that they considering is themselves---how to find joys, their corruption dominate the society.2.2 The Mental State of Middle ClassRepresentative figure: DobbinDobbin manages to be the so-called Middle Class as his position---captain. He has conscience, compassion and deep feelings. But in his time, he inevitably is considered a bit strange. He helps Amelia marry to George in order to make Amelia happy. Dobbin thinks that Amelia is the ideal wife. After he knew Osborne wanted to run away, he did not tell the secret Amelia, he tried his best to persuade Osborne. Dobbin takes initiative to protect Amelia. After the past few years, Dobbin tired of his role. At the end of the novel, Dobbin found his mistake and finally tell him for Amelia and his own view: I know how deep your feelings, it is not loyalty to the memory of the past, do not think that my love is more valuable, but I'm feeling more generous. Finally, Becky made her the only good choice in her life - she exposed the negative sense of George Osborne’s behavior and contributed to their marriage.From the analysis we can draw the conclusion that the Middle Class got pressure in that time. They had to suffer all the difficulty for happiness, may be most of them do not so corrupt but they can not change the reality of corruption. The only thing that they can do is to help to others.2.3 The Mental State of the Lower ClassesRepresentative figure: Rebecca Sharp, Amelia SedleyRebecca Sharp is the heroine of the novel. She is a cunning, selfish, hypocritical woman debauchery. She is clever, beautiful, and desperate to use her own advantagesto find a position in the noble class. Rebecca Sharp is the daughter of a drunkard and poor female dancers. Becky's object of her life is to obtain wealth and noble status in society. Her dream is to become such a person: both flatter people, also be flattered by others. Thus Becky is ready to do everything - deception, betrayal even ruining the lives of others. Everyone is a ladder designed for her, she raise higher and higher, both in money and power. Once she does not need this person, she would have no hesitation abandon him. The author reveals the attitude of her heart---greed, callous and self-interest. Although Becky is a strong-willed, energetic woman, she will never achieve her goals and dreams, because a woman such as Becky can not fin real happiness and joys. Obviously, Becky is not a hero.Amelia benefit is another heroine. In the novel, the author describes her as a good mother of her son, loyalty to her husband, good daughter to her parents, but she also has a lot of hidden shortcomings. Thackeray's satire of Amelia is no less than Becky's irony. It was only after a very long time, in the end of the novel, Becky came to open the eyes of Amelia, and give her the letter Osborne wrote to her, and then she knew the nature of Osborne. Because Amelia is relying on fantasy to survive, so her entire life seems empty and the lack of real content.From the analysis we can draw the conclusion that the lower Classes is in the bottom of society. They suffer o lot to survive. The only thing that they can do just as Rebecca and Amelia---trying their best to reach the top class or relying on their on husband.ConclusionWe can draw the conclusion that the corruption of society has three main reasons, the first one the highly developed productivity which pave the basis for corruption, the second reason, the ruling class corrupt themselves. The third one, the lower class does not have the realization to revolt the corruption.Bibliography[1] (英)威·梅·萨克雷( W.M.Thackeray ). Vanity Fai r. 世界图书出版公司. 2008(2).[2] Roger W. Shay and Anna Shnakal. Language Use and The Uses of Language[3] Clifton Fadiman. Allusions[4] 文军唐林.《名利场》的典故运用特色.[5]谢辉.《名利场》中的比喻及其人物创造.郑州大学学报(哲学社会科学版)，31卷第2期 109-112页.[6] 王新春李沙沙.《名利场》的人物分析及主题思想.黑龙江教育学院学报,2005年1月24卷第一期 93-94页.[7]高丽萍.不同的遭遇相同的命运——重读《名利场》.石油大学学报(社会科学版),2002 年10月第18卷第5期 99-102页.[8] 严幸智.狄更斯中产阶级价值观论析.西北民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ,2004年第2期 120-125页.[9]郭慧香.害人者还是受害者——《名利场》中蓓基·夏泼形象浅析.《新乡师范高等专科学校学报》 2005年04期[10]林云雷.萨克雷小说《名利场》主题研究.《东北师范大学学报》2006年。
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XXXX大学本科毕业论文（设计）任务书编号：论文（设计）题目：在女性主义视角下解读《名利场》学院： XXX学院专业：英语教育班级： XXXX级英语教育X班学生姓名： XX 学号： XXXXXX 指导教师： XX 职称 XX1、论文（设计）研究目标及主要任务本论文主要从女性主义的角度入手，去解读萨克雷的代表作《名利场》，其中主要以小说的女主人公蓓基·夏泼作为切入点，通过分析她对独立、平等、自由的追求，探究女性主义思想给女性带来的积极改变，从而鼓励现代女性自强、自立、自尊。
2、论文（设计）的主要内容本论文内容主要包括：著名小说《名利场》的基本情节介绍，对女性主义理论的简单概括，历来对此问题的相关研究说明，《名利场》女主人公蓓基·夏泼对独立、平等、自由这些女性主义核心思想的追求的具体表现，以及这种积极向上的女性主义思想给广大女性带来的重要启示。
3、论文（设计）的基础条件及研究路线通过对英国文学史的学习，我了解到了萨克雷这位著名作家以及他的成名作《名利场》，后来又观看了由这部小说改编的同名电影。
我对这部“没有英雄的小说”以及里面特立独行的女主人公蓓基·夏泼产生了浓厚的兴趣。
后来我查阅了相关文献，发现大家对这部经典小说的赏析多从女性主义及男权社会角度入手，因此本人决定以此作为自己的论文研究方向，借助女性主义核心思想的关键词独立、平等、自由来分析蓓基·夏泼的积极一面，并启示当代女性应该如何追寻自己的幸福美好生活。
4、主要参考文献Thackeray, W.M. Vanity Fair. Beijing: Peoples Literature Publishing House, 1998.王贵云，2009，谈《名利场》中蓓基·夏普的积极一面。
学院派批评，2009年第4期，第76-77页。
西蒙娜·德·波伏娃，1998，《第二性》，陶铁柱译。
中国书籍出版社。
张静，2011，寻找失落的自我-略论波伏娃《第二性》中的存在主义女性观。
作家杂志，2011年第5期，第162-163页。
等教师：年月日教研室主任：年月XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）开题报告书XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）评议书XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）文献综述Literature ReviewIntroductionVanity Fair is the best known novel of British critical realism writer in 19th century. When Vanity Fair was serialized on the newspaper, its subtitle is “there is no hero in the novel”. Because it does not serve as leading role with an outstanding hero, even the positive figures are rarely. The heroine Rebecca Sharp is intelligent and wise; on the other hand, she is wild oats. This kind of personality made people love and hate. As a result, she becomes the most glorious role in Vanity Fair. The novel is under the much attention of many literary scholars because of the rebellious character.BodyFor the appreciation and evaluation of the novel, mostly focused on the character image, which is especially typical for female image as Rebecca Sharp. Scholars mostly regard feminist thought as the breakthrough point on the analysis of character Rebecca. Feminism is a social theory and political movement, its source and motivation is mainly from female experience. It is the women's liberation advocated by the main problem, it is the pursuit of female equality, independence and freedom. Scholars carry on the exploration and interpretation of Vanity Fair and show their various and ideas. Through history as we know, in the 19th century British women mainly stand on the society by relying on family role rather than professional roles, so their social function has been limited. In such a social environment, women attempt to pursue equality and freedom is something very hard. However, in Bai Dan’s The Study of Feminist Color in Vanity Fair, she points out that Rebecca is a complex of femininity and masculinity, and it all comes from the writer WilliamThackeray’s contradictory view of women. In "From Vanity Fair to See Thackeray's view of women", Chen Wei also analyses the novel’s main female images from the aspect of Thackeray’s traditional women view. Feminism has always advocated gender equality. Androgyny is beyond the gender, also only in this way can we truly achieve the ideal of equality of men and women. The theory of “androgyny” is one of the most important theories of feminism. And feminist pursuit of the ideal personality of “Bisexual temperament", is the dream of comprehensive and free development of personality between males and females, this is also a powerful weapon to against the polarization of Yin and Yang and the gender essence permanent. The actress Rebecca of Thackeray’s novel "Vanity fair" flashed out the aesthetic charm and human energy androgyny. On the other hand, she also shows the ideal and the dilemma of modern of androgyny to a certain extent.Many readers analyzed the typical character of Rebecca Sharp and Amelia Sedly who were created in a typical environment. They analyzed the society, family environment and historical factors behind the forming of their outlook on life and values. Of course, this research has very important significance of sociology, aesthetics; but most critics praised the character Amelia, and demeaned the character Rebecca after contrast. However, in the paper of “The Positive Side of Rebecca Sharp in Vanity Fair” of Wang guiyun, the writer holds an opposite view for this. From feminist thought, she believes Rebecca whether at that time or today can be called richness and multiple side woman, she is positive on the other side. Another example of this is Tan Zongyan’s “The P ositive Interpretation of the Complex Characters Rebecca in Vanity Fair”. This paper analyzes the controversial female characters Rebecca. It is pointed out that the heroine in the novel Rebecca is rendered with a strong artistic exaggeration and vividly. In the appearance, she has a beautiful look. She is charming and filled with interest. In her inner heart, she has superhuman wisdom, strong and independent personality and vitality, at the same time, is loyal to friendship or even love. Therefore, from the perspective of positive interpretation and feminism, Rebecca will give us much enlightenment. There aremany other articles about this kind of opinion, such as “To Cater to the Fight---Rebecca and Scarlett in the Feminism Perspective” which was written b y He Qiang, and Guo Yantao’s “The Parsing of Female Consciousness in Vanity Fair of Thackeray”. Most of these articles pointed out that the flow of women in the patriarchal society in order to survive, but the resistance is at the same time accompanied by the situation of catering to, helpless and compromise.Certainly, there have prize and critics of the character Rebecca who pursue the self bravely. For example, in Zeng Yanbo’s “The Interpretation of Main Character of Vanity Fair”, the writer thinks that Thackeray asking women abide by duty, to building a happy family with love and sacrifice. Vanity Fair shows Thackeray’s patriarchal thought; he holds a denial attitude to Rebecca. He criticizes the character Rebecca who pursues feminism. On the other hand, he made Lucy a derogatory view of her struggling over one's destiny. Many critics believe that she is a Female cheater and aspirant who has nothing, relies on their looks and trickery. Her name and hypocrisy, worthless, dissolute together, but it seems to say so is too heavy.ConclusionThe capable Rebecca gets in touch with countless men. However, in fact she is just want to enter the upper society, so as to live a rich life. Although she eventually denied by society forever, but positive personality makes her not discouraged when she facing with such setbacks. Living in the wandering life, Rebecca never looks back, never regret. The positive idea of feminism on her and her pursuit of female freedom, equality, and independence made her becomes a unique role in the literature. Although critics’ opinions are mixed on this image, but I still think the female image who flashing the light of feminism added other colors to Vanity Fair. The character Rebecca is a great encouragement and guidance for that period, even our modern women’s social life.本科生毕业论文题目：在女性主义视角下解读《名利场》姓名：XX班级：XXXX级X班指导老师：XX专业：英语教育院系：XXX学院英语系完成日期：XXXX年5月8 日A Study of Vanity Fair from thePerspective of FeminismBYXXProf. XX, TutorA Thesis Submitted to Department of EnglishLanguage and Literature in PartialFulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of B.A in EnglishAt XXUniversityMay 8th，XXXX摘要萨克雷，作为英国批判现实主义作家之一，在英国文学史上占据着非常重要的地位。