6同位语从句及专项练习

同位语从句

一、定义：在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。

它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如：

I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。

I had no idea that you were here．我不知道你在这里。

二、常见的可以跟同位语从句的词（抽象名词）news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，

hope，message，suggestion，word（消息），possibility等。如：

I’ve come from Mr. W ang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．

我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。

三、常见引导词

连词that，whether，

连接副词how, when, where等。（注：if, which 不能引导同位语从句。）如：

l have no idea when he will be back．我不知道他什么时候回来。

He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。

My question how I shall get in touch with him has not been answered.

I gave the girl a big doll, exactly what she longed to have.

四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如：

Several years later, word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them．

几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。

The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．

他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。

五、同位语从句与定语从句的区别。

1. 同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与

被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。如：

The news that l have passed the exam is true．我通过了考试这一消息是真的。

（同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。）

The news that he told me just now is true．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。

（定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用，即“他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。）

2. 引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起

连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如：

The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.

计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。（that在从句中不充当任何成份。）

The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。

（that在从句中作gave的宾语。）

12.Many young people in the West are expected to leave __ could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.

A. as

B. that

C. which

D. what

【答案】D （09山东）

13. The little girl who got lost decided to remain _________she was and wait tor her mother.

A. where

B. what

C. how

D. who

【答案】A remain是系动词，后加表语从句，由句意可知，从句缺地点状语，所以选A。（09安徽）

1. a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.

A. It has

B. They have

C. It remains

D. There remains

【答案】D （09湖南）

2．She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.

A. whichever

B. however

C. whatever

D. whoever

【答案】C 名词性从句的引导词。句意为：她对我们来说是非常宝贵，我们已经准备好做一切来拯救她的生命。（09江西）

3. The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and

warmer these years. A. what B. which C. that D. though

【答案】C 间隔式同位语从句的用法。即先行词是the fact 和that引导的同位语从句中间隔了谓语部分。（09海南）

4. Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please?

A. who

B. what

C. whoever

D. whatever

【答案】C whoever既作了to 的宾语，又作is in charge of International Sales please?的主语。“whoever”作代词，／any person who／the person who／“任何人”、“无论谁”、“…的人”。（09陕西）

5. The how-to-book can be of help to wants to do the job.

A. who

B. whomever

C. no matter who

D. whoever

【答案】D 此处从做介词to的宾语，是名词性从句，引导词做从句的主语，指人，意思是：无论是谁，选D （09海南）

6. One of the most important questions they had to consider was of public health.

A. what

B. this

C. that

D. which

【答案】C 句意为：他们必须考虑其中最重要的问题是公共卫生。考查that作代词，that 作代词，往往用于特指，相当于“that＋名词”，它也只能代替事情不能代替人。

【答案】D （09四川）

8. News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. A. which B. what C. that D. where

【答案】C 在该题中that引导了一个同位语从句来解释说明news的内容，由于该题把同位语从句后置了，所以很多考生由于不能正确分析句子结构而错误选择了D项。

10．－Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport? －No problem.

A. When

B. that

C. whether

D. what

【答案】B