初中英语语法非谓语动词的讲解
初中英语语法非谓语动词地讲解
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初中英语语法非谓语动词的讲解非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词,形容词或副词作用的动词形式,而不是作谓语的动词形式。
动词的非谓语形式分为动名词,分词,动词不定式。
Climbing mountain is a good exercise. (Climbing..., 动名词起名词作用)Do you know the man wearing a white shirt. (wearing ..分词起形容词作用)He gets up early to catch the first bus. (to catch ...不定式起副词作用)谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别:1) 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语,而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。
Miss Mary teaches us English. 玛丽教我们英语。
(teaches 动词作谓语)Mr. Li came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.(to have a talk.... 不定式作状语)2) 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制,而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
Mike likes the pop music. (动词用单数第三人称形式)Lucy has nothing to do today。
(do 用原形)非谓语动词的特征:1 如果非谓语动词是及物动词,后面须跟宾语。
Studying English is my favorite.(studying 后跟宾语)To help him is my duty. 帮助他是我的责任。
(help 后跟宾语)2 非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。
Working under such a condition is terrible. (under such a condition 是 working 的状语)It's too difficult for him to master English in such a short time. (for him 作不定式的逻辑主语)3 非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。
初中非谓语动词的知识点概述
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初中非谓语动词的知识点概述
非谓语动词是一种特殊的动词形式,不具备时态和人称的变化。
在初中语法研究中,非谓语动词是一个重要的知识点。
本文将对初
中非谓语动词的知识点进行概述。
1. 非谓语动词的基本概念
非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词三种形式。
它们不像谓
语动词可以独立构成句子,通常需要和其他词语一起使用,起到修
饰或补充的作用。
2. 不定式
不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式,通常以"to"开头,例如:to run、to eat。
不定式可以用作名词、形容词或副词的补充,表示目的、原因、方式等。
3. 动名词
动名词是非谓语动词的另一种形式,以-ing结尾,例如:running、eating。
动名词可以用作主语、宾语、表语、宾补等,在句子中起到名词的作用。
4. 分词
分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,有现在分词和过去分词两种形式。
现在分词以-ing结尾,过去分词则有规则和不规则两种形式,如:running、eaten。
分词可以用作形容词、状语、定语等。
5. 非谓语动词的用法
非谓语动词通常用于复合句中,根据具体语境和功能,可以在句子中充当不同的成分。
例如,不定式和动名词可以作为主语、宾语、表语等,分词可以作为形容词或状语等。
总的来说,初中非谓语动词的研究要点主要包括非谓语动词的基本概念和形式,以及在句子中的用法。
掌握这些知识点可以帮助学生正确理解和运用非谓语动词,提高语法表达的准确性。
以上是对初中非谓语动词的知识点概述。
希望本文能对您有所帮助!。
初中语法 非谓语动词讲解
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初中语法非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词是指动词的非谓语形式,包括动词的不定式、动名词和动词的分词形式。
在句子中,非谓语动词可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分,能够丰富句子的结构和表达方式。
一、动词不定式(Infinitive)动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,一般由动词原形加上to构成,表示一种动作或状态的概念。
1. 作主语:To learn a foreign language well is important.学好一门外语很重要。
2. 作宾语:I want to go shopping this weekend.我想这个周末去购物。
3. 作表语:Her dream is to become a doctor.她的梦想是成为一名医生。
4. 作定语:I have a book to read.我有一本要读的书。
5. 作状语:He went to the supermarket to buy some food.他去超市买些食物。
二、动名词(Gerund)动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式,一般由动词原形加上-ing构成,表示名词的概念。
1. 作主语:Swimming is a good exercise.游泳是一项好的锻炼。
2. 作宾语:I like playing basketball.我喜欢打篮球。
3. 作表语:His hobby is singing songs.他的爱好是唱歌。
4. 作定语:I saw a man reading a book.我看到一个人在读书。
5. 作状语:She came here by bike.她骑车来这里。
三、分词(Participle)分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,分为现在分词(-ing形式)和过去分词(-ed形式)。
1. 现在分词作定语:The running water is very refreshing in summer.夏天流动的水非常凉快。
2. 过去分词作定语:The broken window needs to be fixed.那个破窗户需要修理。
(完整版)初中英语非谓语动词讲解
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(完整版)初中英语⾮谓语动词讲解⾮谓语动词之“动词不定式”详解⾮谓语动词就是不充当谓语的动词,分两种。
⼀是动词不定式。
⼆是动词ing形式。
1)作主语To learn English well is not easy. 或It is not easy to learn English well.[说明]动词不定式作主语时,往往⽤it作形式主语,这种句型可归纳为下⾯的句型:e.g. It is + adj.+ 动词不定式如果要说明不定式表⽰的动作执⾏者,可以⽤for+sb.e.g. It is + adj.+ for sb.to do sth.2)作表语(表语⽤来说明主语的⾝份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词的-ing形式、不定式、从句来充当,它常位于系动词(be, become, appear, seem, look, sound, feel, get, smell等词)之后。
)e.g. My wish is to become a teacher.3)作宾语或者宾语补⾜语e.g. Most of us like to watch football matches.e.g. He told me to be here on time.4)作定语:e.g. I have nothing to say about that thing.5)作状语:e.g. He stopped to have a look.[说明] 动词不定式的否定形式:not + to + 动词原形构成e.g. He asked me not to make such a mistake.2、动词不定式与疑问词连⽤:疑问词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how, why等后⾯可以按动词不定式,构成动词不定式短语。
e.g. (1) He doesn’t know how to use the machine.(2) How to use the machine is a question.(3) The question is when to go there.3、省去了to 的动词不定式1)let, have, make+do2)感官动词see, watch, look at, notice, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find +to。
初中英语语法讲解——非谓语动词
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初中英语语法讲解——非谓语动词非谓语动词在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式,动名词,和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。
1)不定式a. 有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。
例如:2. worth 的用法worth, worthy, worthwhile都是形容词,意为"值得"。
1) worth:be worth + n.当名词为金钱时,表示"…… 值得……"常见的有It ’s worth while to do./ It ’s worth(someone’s)while doingbe worth doing sth."……某事值得被做"The question is not worth discussing again and again. 这问题不值得反复讨论。
2) worthy:be worthy of +n.当名词为抽象名词时表示"……值得……"be worthy to be done "某事值得被做"The question is not worthy to be discussed again and again.3) worthwhile:be worthwhile to do sth"值得做某事"It is worthwhile to ask him to join the club.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。
典型例题It is not ____ to discuss the question again and again.A. worthB. worthyC. worthwhileD. worth while答案C. 由worth的用法可知,此句只适合词组be worthwhile to do sth.。
选C。
动词不定式动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。
初中英语非谓语动词的用法总结
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初中英语非谓语动词的用法总结非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。
在初中英语中,非谓语动词的用法相对较为简单,但仍然需要掌握其基本用法和规则。
以下是对初中英语非谓语动词用法的总结:一、不定式(to do)1. 作主语:不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,避免句子头重脚轻。
如:To learn a foreign language is difficult.(= It is difficult to learn a foreign language.)2. 作宾语:不定式可以作动词、形容词、介词等的宾语。
如:I want to go home.(不定式作动词宾语)They are eager to go abroad.(不定式作形容词宾语)He is ready to help others.(不定式作介词宾语)3. 作定语:不定式可以修饰名词或代词,放在名词或代词后。
如:The boy to come is my brother.(不定式作后置定语,修饰the boy)4. 作状语:不定式可以作状语,表示目的、原因、结果等。
如:To help others is meaningful.(目的状语)They jumped for joy at the news.(原因状语)He went home only to find his house burglarized.(结果状语)5. 省略to的情况:在感官动词(see, watch, observe等)和使役动词(make, have, let等)后面作宾语补足语时,不定式符号to可以省略。
如:Let’s have him come to the party.(感官动词+不定式省略to)They had me go there.(使役动词+不定式省略to)二、动名词(doing)1. 作主语:动名词作主语时,可以直接用动名词形式,也可以用“名词+动名词”的形式。
中学英语非谓语动词讲解
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中学英语非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词是指动词的非时态形式,它包括不定式、动名词和分词(包括现在分词和过去分词)。
非谓语动词可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分,具有多种语法功能和句法结构。
在中学英语中,非谓语动词被广泛使用,掌握非谓语动词的用法对于学生的语言表达能力和阅读理解能力提升非常重要。
一、不定式(Infinitives)1. 不定式作主语:- To learn a foreign language is beneficial to your future.- It's important to exercise regularly.2. 不定式作宾语:- I want to go shopping after school.- He promised to finish the report by tomorrow.3. 不定式作表语:- Her dream is to become a doctor.- The most important thing is to believe in yourself.4. 不定式作定语:- She has a lot of books to read during the summer vacation.- This is a good place to have a picnic.5. 不定式作状语:- I wake up early to catch the bus.- She studied hard to pass the exam.二、动名词(Gerunds)1. 动名词作主语:- Swimming is my favorite sport.- Dancing helps improve coordination.2. 动名词作宾语:- She enjoys reading novels.- He hates doing the dishes.3. 动名词作表语:- His hobby is playing the piano.- The key to success is working hard.4. 动名词作定语:- I have a meeting with my boss tomorrow morning. - The running water sounds relaxing.5. 动名词作状语:- She left the room, crying loudly.- He drove to work, listening to music.三、分词(Participles)1. 现在分词作定语:- The exciting movie kept us on the edge of our seats. - The running boy bumped into a lady.2. 现在分词作状语:- Smiling happily, she accepted the gift.- With his homework finished, he went to bed.3. 过去分词作定语:- The broken chair needs to be repaired.- The lost dog was found by its owner.4. 过去分词作状语:- Inspired by her teacher, she decided to pursue a career in art.- Exhausted from the long journey, they went straight to bed.总结起来,中学英语非谓语动词的用法主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。
初中英语知识归纳总结——非谓语动词
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初中英语知识归纳总结——非谓语动词非谓语动词(一)教学重点动词不定式在英语中,不充当句子谓语的动词,叫作非谓语动词。
由于非谓语动词不受主语的限制,没有时态和语态,所以又叫非限定动词。
非限定动词有三种形式:动词不定式;动名词和分词。
1、动词不定式(1)动词不定式的构成和性质动词不定式是一种非谓语动词,所谓非谓语动词就是不能作谓语的动词。
正因为如此,它不受主语的人称和数的限制,没有人称和数的变化,但它具有动词的某些特征,可以带宾语和状语构成不定式短语。
其构成是:“to + 动词原形”,否定式是“not to +动词原形”。
to是不定式符号,无词义。
(2)动词不定式的用法动词不定式除了不能作谓语外,可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
①作主语To learn English well is not easy.To drive fast is quite dangerous.不定式作主语时常常用it作形式主语,不定式放在谓语之后以上两个例句可以写成:It is not easy to learn English well.It is quite dangerous to drive fast.这种用法可以归纳成这样一个句型:It is (not) + 形容词+ (for sb.) to do sth.It is very expensive for me to buy a car.It is very difficult for a child to do that job.有些形容词之后跟of + 名词(代词宾语)+不定式。
如:It is very kind of you to say so.It is very good of you to come.②作表语。
如:My job is to teach English.The first thing is to ring him up.③作宾语。
完整版)初中英语语法非谓语动词的讲解
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完整版)初中英语语法非谓语动词的讲解n of Non-Finite Verbs in Middle School English GrammarNon-finite XXX act as nouns。
adjectives。
or adverbs in a sentence。
rather than as the main verb。
The non-finite verb forms include gerunds。
participles。
and infinitives.For example。
"Climbing mountains is a good exercise" uses "climbing" as a gerund。
acting as a noun。
"Do you know the man wearing a white shirt?" uses "wearing" as a participle。
acting as an adjective。
"He gets up early to catch the first bus" uses "to catch" as an infinitive。
XXX.The main difference een finite and non-finite XXX finite verbs can stand alone as the main verb in a sentence。
while non-finite verbs cannot。
For instance。
"Miss Mary teaches us English" uses "teaches" as the finite verb。
while "to have a talk with us" acts as a non-finite verb phrase modifying "came."Finite verbs also change form based on the subject。
初中英语语法课件:非谓语动词 (共51张PPT)
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be used to doing习惯于...
【山东•泰安】 3.—How about going shopping this weekend, Peter? —Sorry. I prefer ______ rather than ______. A. to stay at home, go out B. to go out, stay at home C. staying at home, go out D. going out, stay at home
not doing not done
2)介词后+doing
vi+介词+n, vt+n.
be used to, prevent......from, depend on,feel like, put off, give up, help yourself to, be busy (in),have difficulty(in) doing, prefer doing to doing
the river 6. Where is Bill? He promised _____(be) here on time 7.I’m not in a hurry. I don’t mind _____(wait) 8. What have you decided _____(do) 9.George was very angry and refused _____(speak) to me 10. I’ve put off _____(write) the letter so many times. I
—Sorry. I prefer ______ rather than ______.
A. to stay at home, go out B. to go out, stay at home
初中知识点归纳非谓语动词的特殊用法与句型转换
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初中知识点归纳非谓语动词的特殊用法与句型转换初中知识点归纳:非谓语动词的特殊用法与句型转换非谓语动词,即不具备谓语功能的动词形式,在英语语法中属于非谓语动词。
非谓语动词主要包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种形式。
在初中英语学习中,非谓语动词的特殊用法和句型转换是一个重要的知识点。
本文将对这方面的内容进行归纳总结,并介绍一些相关的例句。
一、非谓语动词的特殊用法1. 作主语非谓语动词可以作为句子的主语,常见的形式为动词不定式和动名词。
例句:- To learn English is important for us.(不定式作主语)- Swimming is her favorite sport.(动名词作主语)2. 作宾语非谓语动词也可以作为句子的宾语,常见的形式为动词不定式和动名词。
例句:- I like to read books.(不定式作宾语)- She enjoys dancing.(动名词作宾语)3. 作表语非谓语动词有时也可以作为句子的表语,常见的形式为动词不定式和动名词。
例句:- His dream is to become a doctor.(不定式作表语)- The most important thing is learning.(动名词作表语)4. 作定语非谓语动词可以用作修饰名词的定语,常见的形式为动词不定式和动名词。
例句:- The boy who wants to be an actor is my friend.(不定式作定语)- The dancing girl is very talented.(动名词作定语)5. 作状语非谓语动词可以用作修饰动词、形容词或副词的状语,常见的形式为动词不定式、动名词和分词。
例句:- He ran to catch the bus.(不定式作状语)- The movie was so exciting that everyone kept watching.(分词作状语)二、句型转换1. 主动语态转被动语态非谓语动词在句子的主动语态和被动语态之间进行转换时,需要使用适当的被动语态结构。
初中英语非谓语动词讲解
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初中英语非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词是指动词在句子中不作谓语,而作其他成分或者补充说明的形式。
在英语中,非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。
下面将分别对这三种非谓语动词进行详细解释。
一、动词不定式(infinitive)动词不定式是以to作为标志的动词形式,通常有两种形式:一种是带有to的形式,称为带to的不定式;另一种是省略to 的形式,称为不带to的不定式。
带to的不定式的用法包括:1. 作为动词的宾语,如:She agreed to help me.2. 作为动词的补语,如:I want to be a teacher.3. 用于某些固定的动词后面,如:She promised to come early.4. 用于某些形容词后面,如:I am happy to see you.不带to的不定式的用法包括:1. 作为句子的主语,如:To learn a foreign language is important.2. 作为动词的宾语,如:She made him clean the room.3. 作为某些动词后的宾补,如:We saw him leave the house.动词不定式还有时态和语态的变化,例如:一般式:to do完成式:to have done被动式:to be done二、动名词(gerund)动名词是动词加上-ing形式构成的名词,它既具有动词的特点,又具有名词的特点。
动名词的用法包括:1. 作为动词的主语,如:Swimming is good exercise.2. 作为动词的宾语,如:I enjoy swimming in the summer.3. 作为介词的宾语,如:She is good at playing the piano.动名词也可以带有物主代词、名词性物主代词或名词作定语,如:I appreciate your helping me.三、分词(participle)分词是由动词的-ing或-ed形式构成的,它可以用作动词的形容词化形式,表示被动意义或者作为形容词修饰名词。
初中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词的分类与用法
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初中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词的分类与用法初中英语知识点归纳:非谓语动词的分类与用法非谓语动词是指不能作谓语的动词形式,包括动词不定式(infinitive)、动名词(gerund)和现在分词(present participle)等形式。
在英语语法中,非谓语动词作为名词、形容词或副词的补语,经常出现在句子中起到修饰或补充说明的作用。
下面将对非谓语动词的分类和用法进行归纳总结。
一、动词不定式(infinitive)1. 主动形式的动词不定式作主语、宾语、表语等。
示例:- To swim in the sea is my favorite activity.(在海里游泳是我最喜欢的活动。
)- I want to be a doctor.(我想成为一名医生。
)2. 不定式的被动形式常常用于被动语态、感官动词和某些特定的动词后作宾语。
示例:- The book is easy to understand.(这本书很容易理解。
)- I heard him singing in the shower.(我听见他在淋浴时唱歌。
)3. 不定式的完成形式表示在谓语动词之前发生的动作。
示例:- I'm happy to have finished my homework.(我很高兴已经完成了作业。
)二、动名词(gerund)1. 动名词作主语,常用于表示习惯、通用事实、抽象概念等。
示例:- Swimming is good for your health.(游泳对健康有益。
)2. 动名词作宾语,常与动词一起构成一些固定搭配。
示例:- I enjoy playing basketball with my friends.(我喜欢和朋友们打篮球。
)3. 动名词作介词的宾语,常用于介词后。
示例:- He is good at singing.(他擅长唱歌。
)三、现在分词(present participle)1. 现在分词作定语,修饰名词或代词。
初中英语非谓语动词讲解
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初中英语非谓语动词讲解在初中英语的学习中,非谓语动词是一个比较重要且有一定难度的语法点。
理解和掌握非谓语动词对于提高英语语言的运用能力有着至关重要的作用。
那么,什么是非谓语动词呢?非谓语动词就是在句子中不能单独作谓语的动词形式,主要包括动词不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。
我们先来看看动词不定式。
动词不定式的基本形式是“to +动词原形”,比如“to study”“to play”。
它在句子中可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等成分。
作主语时,通常把动词不定式放在句首,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:“To learn English well is not easy”(学好英语不容易。
)不过,为了避免句子头重脚轻,常用 it 作形式主语,真正的主语动词不定式后置,比如:“It is not easy to learn English well”作宾语的情况也很常见,比如“want to do sth”(想要做某事)“decide to do sth”(决定做某事)。
作定语时,动词不定式通常放在被修饰的名词或代词后面,例如:“I have a lot of homework to do”(我有很多作业要做。
)作状语时,可以表示目的、结果等。
比如“He came here to see me”(他来这儿是为了看我。
)“He is too young to go to school”(他太小了,不能上学。
)作宾语补足语的例子有“ask sb to do sth”(让某人做某事)“tell sb to do sth”(告诉某人做某事)。
接下来是动名词。
动名词是由动词+ ing 形式构成,比如“studying”“playing”。
动名词具有名词的特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语等。
作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,例如:“Swimming is good for health”(游泳对健康有益。
(完整版)非谓语动词语法讲解
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非谓语动词语法讲解一、非谓语动词的概念动词的基本用法是作谓语。
当句中已经有了谓语动词了,要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。
非谓语形式有三种:1、动词不定式:to do 2、动词的ing : doing 3、动词的过去分词:done二、三种形式的含义(基本用法)不定式:表示目的和将来;动词的ing:表示主动和进行;过去分词:表示被动和完成。
三、非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to do to have done to be doing被动to be done to have beendoneing 形式主动doing having done 被动being done having beendone过去分词被动done四、非谓语动词的否定形式在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即 not / never to do, not / never doing五、非谓语动词的复合结构不定式的复合结构:for / of sb. to do sth.动词 ing 形式的复合结构:宾格或所有格+doing (-ing 形式作主语时,用的所有格+doing)六、非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。
方法:看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法:非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。
方法:非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。
方法:分析句子,看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.学习非谓语形式时,建议把三种形式一起来比较学习,会更加有效一些。
七、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语a. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。
动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。
如:________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk(分析) a good form 暗示泛指一般的行为,用动名词作主语,选 Bb. 不定式作主语时,常用it 作形式主语,即用句型:It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.It’s important for us to learn English well.It’s kind of you to help us.注意:下面几个句型是用动名词:It’s no good / use doing sth.It’s usel ess doing sth.There is no need to do sth.2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较1、不定式、动名词作表语,.表示主语的内容。
初中英语语法学习之非谓语动词精讲
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初中英语语法学习之非谓语动词精讲一、构成与特征动词不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,由“to+动词原形”构成,在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用,同时也保留动词的一些特征,可以带宾语、状语或宾语补足语等。
例如:He tried to work out the problem in five minutes.他试图在五分钟之内算出这道题。
(带宾语和状语)This country, my country, is a place of dreamers who have the faith and the will to make dreamscometrue.这个国家,我的祖国,是一片让那些有信心和意志让梦想成真的人梦寐以求的国土。
(带宾语和补足语)I am sorry to have kept youwaiting.对不起,让您久等了。
(完成时)I am glad to have been given a chance to visit your country.我很高兴有机会访问贵国。
(完成时,被动语态)不定式在许多场合具有情态意义。
作主语时,相当于一个带有情态动词的主语从句;作定语时,相当于一个带有情态动词的定语从句;作宾语时,相当于一个带有情态动词的宾语从句;作目的状语时,相当于由sothat或in order that引导的目的状语从句。
例如:It is right for her to say so.她这样说是对的。
(=It is right that she should say so.)He has a lot of work to do.他有许多工作要做。
(=...that heshould/ must do.)I don't know where to get theticket.我不知道在哪里能弄到票。
(=..where I could get the ticket.) She opened the door for the children to come in.她开了门,让孩子们进来。
初中英语:非谓语动词含义、形式和用法汇总
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初中英语:非谓语动词含义、形式和用法汇总一. 非谓语动词的含义非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式,其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语,综合这两点,我们将其叫做非谓语动词。
二. 非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词包含四种形式,即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。
具体形式如下:1. 不定式:to do(表示主动,并且一般表示将来)例如:The teacher told us to do morning exercises .老师让我们做早操。
2. 动名词:doing (表示主动)例如:Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.在未来,普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。
3. 现在分词:doing (表示主动和进行)例如:He sat there,reading a newspaper.他坐在那里,读着一张报纸。
4. 过去分词:done及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成;不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或完成。
polluted river 被污染的河流(及物动词pollute和river之间是被动关系,即“河流被污染”)fallen leaves 落叶(不及物动词fall和leaves之间是主动关系,即“叶子落下来”)注意:非谓语动词本身不能表示现在和过去。
非谓语动词表示进行和将来是相对于谓语动作来说的:和谓语动作同时发生表示进行;发生在谓语动作之后表示将来三. 非谓语动词的作用非谓语动词除去不能做谓语之外,其它所有成分都可以做。
具体如下。
1. 不定式:做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。
To learn a foreign language is difficult .(作主语)学会一门外语是很难的。
It’s easy to see their aunt.(作真正主语,it做形式主语)很容易见到他们的姑姑。
Tom wanted to have a cup of beer.(作宾语)汤姆想要喝杯啤酒。
初中非谓语动词讲解
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非谓语动词
考点二 动名词
动名词由“动词原形+ing”构成,其与现在分词同形。 动名词既有动词的性质,也有名词的性质。
1.作主语 Playing computer games too much is bad for your eyes.过度地玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛有害。 动名词作主语和动词不定式作主语,在很多情况下可以通 用。
非谓语动词
6.易混结构
6.易混结构
使役动词(make, keep, let, have等)易混结构的区分。如have sb doing sth 与have sth done 的区别:
(1)have sb doing sth 意为“让某人一直做某事”, doing这个 动作具有持续意义。如:
The teacher had the boys standing all day. 老师让男生罚站了一整天。 (2)have sth done 意为“让某人做某事”,相当于ask sb to do sth, done 表示让他人完成,有被动之意。如: I had my computer repaired yesterday. 昨天我让人修理了我的电脑。
1 一.
作主语:常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语(动词不定式)置于句末。
0如:2源自常用句型结构为“It's+adj./n.+(for/of sb)+to do sth”。
To ask the teacher for help is necessary. =It is necessary to ask the teacher for help. 向老师寻求帮助是必要的。
非谓语动词
4.作状语 常见的状语有目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等。如: Mr Lee will go to Hangzhou to visit the West Lake. 李先生将会去杭州参观西湖。(目的) 5.作定语 动词不定式作定语时,放在被修饰的名词的后面,作后置 定语。如: I don't have a partner to practice English with. 我没有一个一起练习英语的同伴。 6.作表语 T他h们ei的r d职ut责y 是is 照__看___动_to_物_lo_。_o_k_a_f_t_e_r__ the animals.
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初中英语语法——非谓语动词的讲解非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词,形容词或副词作用的动词形式,而不是作谓语的动词形式。
动词的非谓语形式分为动名词,分词,动词不定式。
Climbing mountain is a good exercise. (Climbing..., 动名词起名词作用)Do you know the man wearing a white shirt. (wearing ..分词起形容词作用)He gets up early to catch the first bus. (to catch ...不定式起副词作用)谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别:1) 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语,而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。
Miss Mary teaches us English. 玛丽教我们英语。
(teaches 动词作谓语)Mr. Li came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.(to have a talk.... 不定式作状语)2) 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制,而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
Mike likes the pop music. (动词用单数第三人称形式)Lucy has nothing to do today。
(do 用原形)非谓语动词的特征:1 如果非谓语动词是及物动词,后面须跟宾语。
Studying English is my favorite.(studying 后跟宾语)To help him is my duty. 帮助他是我的责任。
(help 后跟宾语)2 非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。
Working under such a condition is terrible. (under such a condition 是 working 的状语)It's too difficult for him to master English in such a short time. (for him 作不定式的逻辑主语)3 非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。
I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.(to have kept...是不定式的完成形式)Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful. (Seen from...是分词的被动形式)4 非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用。
Our coming made him happy.(coming 起名词作用)There are two big swimming pools here. (swimming 起形容词作用)非谓语动词的形式变化:不定式主动被动一般 to write to be written进行 to be writing完成 to have written to have been written完成进行 to have been writing现在分词主动被动一般 writing being written完成 having written having been written过去分词主动被动一般 written动名词主动被动一般 writing being written完成 having written having been written●动词不定式:动词不定式是由 to + 动词原形构成,在句中起名词,形容词和副词的作用,可以担任除谓语以外的其它任何成分。
1. 动词不定式作主语:To mast a language is not an easy thing.To teach English is my favorite.It's my pleasure to help you.动词不定式作主语时可以放在后面,而用 it 作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。
It's very kind of you to have given us much help.你给了我们那么多的帮助真是太好了。
It's necessary to find the witness. 有必要找到目击者。
2. 动词不定式作宾语:某些及物动词可以用动词不定式作宾语,这些动词有decide, begin, help, begin, want, wish, like, forget, learn, ask.What I wish is to learn English well.I like to help others if I can.3. 动词不定式作宾语补语。
We expect you to be with us. 我们希望你和我们在一起。
Please ask him to come here quickly.请叫他快过来。
4. 动词不定式作表语:What I should do is to finish the task soon. 我应该做的是赶快完成任务。
The most urgent thing is to find the boy immediately. 当务之急是马上去找孩子。
5. 动词不定式作定语:There are many ways to solve the problem. 有许多方法能解决这个问题。
I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情要告诉你。
6. 不定式作状语:We went to the hospital to see our teacher. 我们去医院看了我们的老师。
She is making a test to get a kind of useful medicine from a Tibet flower.她在做试验,从一种西藏花中提取某种有用的药物。
动词不定式的否定形式:not + to + 动词原形The teacher told us not to swim in that river.老师告诉我们不要在那条河里游泳。
It's unfair not to tell us. 没告诉我们真是不公平。
带疑问词的不定式:疑问词who, what,which,when, where, how, why 可以加在不定式的前面,构成不定式短语,使含义更加具体。
Where to go is not known yet.去什么地方还不知道。
I don't know when to begin. 我不知道什么时间开始。
Can you tell me where to get the battery.你能告诉我哪儿能买到电池吗?Do you know how to get to the station. 你知道怎样去车站吗?带逻辑主语的不定式:动词不定式可以带有自己的逻辑主语,构成方法是: for + 逻辑主语 + 不定式。
注意:逻辑主语用宾格形式, for 本身无实际意义,它只表明后面的主语从逻辑上分析是不定式的主语。
It's necessary for us to help each other. 我们互相帮忙是必要的。
There are much work for me to finish, 有许多工作要我去完成。
动词不定式的被动形式:表示不定式动词同所修饰的名词是被动关系。
He is the man to be examined. 他是受检查的人。
There are much work to be done. 有好多工作要做。
●动名词动名词是由动词原形 + ing 构成,同现在分词形式一样,在句中可作主语,宾语,表语和定语。
1) 动名词作主语:Talking like that is not polite.Learning from others is important .Putting on more clothes is not so good .(注:动名词可以象动词不定式一样,用 it 先行祠代替,而把动名词写在后面。
It's no use waiting here, let's go home.It's very difficult climbing this mountain.2) 动名词作表语The nurse's job is looking after the patients.Seeing is believing.3) 动名词作宾语有些动词须用动名词来作宾语,它们是begin, mind, suggest, finish, stop, need, enjoy, miss, keep.Please stop smoking in the house.I like reading in the forest.Do you mind my opening the windows?4)动名词作定语She is studying in the reading room.He slept in the sleeping bag.(动名词的否定形式:not + 动名词He pretend not knowing it at all. 他假装全然不知。
We considered not doing it now. 我们考虑现在不做这件事。
动名词的被动形式:(当动名词和它的逻辑主语是被动关系时,用动名词的被动形式来表示。
)His being looked down upon made him sick.I can't really stand being treated like that.动名词的几种特殊情况:1) 有些动词的后面能跟动名词做宾语,有些动词能跟不定式,有些两者都可以,它们的具体含义有时还不一样。
能跟动名词的动词有:avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, endure, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, understand, can't help, 等。
能跟不定式的动词有:decide, desire, expect, hope, mean, pretend, promise, refuse, undertake, want, wish, agree, manage,能跟动名词和不定式的动词有: love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, continue, intend, attempt, propose, want, need, remember, forget, regret, try, deserve, start,动词后面跟动名词还是不定式,含义不相同,总的来说,表示习惯的,一般性的动作多跟动名词,一次性的具体的被动动作多跟不定式。