2010级大一上 英语期末试卷A卷

A卷试卷一
College English Achievement Test
(Band One 2011. 01)
注意事项：1. 本试卷由试卷一和试卷二组成。

2. 请按题目要求答题，将答案按要求涂在答题卡上或者写到试卷二上，答案
写到试卷一上无效。

3．答题卡用2B铅笔填涂。

试卷二上请用蓝色或黑色笔做答。

4. 本试卷类型分A, B卷, 请务必在答题卡上填好试卷类型A或B。

5. 考试结束前15分钟交答题卡和试卷一。

Part I Listening Comprehension (25 points)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
C1. A. He finds his office much too big for him. B. He is pleased with his exciting new job.
C. He finds the huge workload unbearable.
D. He is not so excited about his new position.
A2. A. She read only part of the book.
B. She is interested in reading books.
C. She seldom reads books from cover to cover.
D. She was eager to know what the book was about.
B3. A. Save time by using a computer.
B. Buy a computer for her own use.
C. Borrow Martha’s computer.
D. Stay home and complete her paper.
C4. A. She’ll have some chocolate cake. B. She’ll take a look at the menu.
C. She’ll go without dessert.
D. She’ll prepare the dinner.
D5. A. He is taking care of his twin brother.
B. He has been feeling ill all week.
C. He is worried about Rod’s health.
D. He has been in perfect condition.
C6. A. At a clinic. B. In a supermarket.
C. At a restaurant.
D. In an ice cream shop.
A7. A. The man can stay in her brother’s apartment.
B. Her brother can help the man find a cheaper hotel.
C. Her brother can find an apartment for the man.
D. The man should have booked a less expensive hotel.
A8. A. She wants to get some sleep. B. She needs time to write a paper.
C. She has a literature class to attend.
D. She is troubled by her sleep problems.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
A9. A. Marketing consultancy. B. Professional accountancy.
C. Luxury hotel management.
D. Business conference organization.
D10. A. Having a good knowledge of its customs.
B. Knowing some key people in tourism.
C. Having been to the country before.
D. Being able to speak Japanese.
B11. A. It will bring her potential into full play.
B. It will involve lots of train travel.
C. It will enable her to improve her Chinese.
D. It will give her more chances to visit Japan.
Questions 12 to 14 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
D12. A. He can share his experience with the others.
B. He can learn the knowledge from it.
C. He can make the classes more creative.
D. He enjoys seeing the improvement of the students.
B13. A. They are more interesting.
B. They are more highly motivated students.
C. They are more tired of studying.
D. They are burdened with all examinations.
B14. A. To make the class more active. B. To leave personal feelings behind.
C. To give the wonderful lectures.
D. To make friends with students.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 2 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.
D15. A. Hunting other animals. B. Driving sheep.
C. Guarding chickens.
D. Keeping thieves away.
A16. A. Dogs are now treated as part of a family.
B. Dogs still perform all the duties they used to do.
C. People now keep dogs for the same reasons as before.
D. Only old people are seen walking their dogs.
D17. A. What dogs can do. B. How to keep dogs.
C. Dogs and their masters.
D. Reasons for keeping dogs.
Passage Two
Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
A18. A. When they don’t have a car. B. When they live in a huge country.
C. When they don’t use planes.
D. When they have a car.
C19. A. The United States is huge. B. Public transportation is not so good.
C. Americans like to be independent.
D. Americans like to move around.
C20. A. A new kind of car. B. Public transportation.
C. The gas shortage.
D. The poverty.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from (S1) to (S6) with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from (S7) to (S8) you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
请将此题的答案做在试卷二上。

Whether we like it or not, the world we live in has changed a great deal in the last hundred years, and it is likely to change even more in the next hundred. Some people would like to stop these changes and go back to what they see as a (S1) (purer) and simpler age. But as history shows, the past was not that wonderful. It was not so bad for a privileged (S2) (minority) , though even they had to do without modern medicine, and childbirth was highly (S3) (risky) for women. But for the vast majority of the population, life was nasty, brutish and short.
Anyway, even if one wanted to, one couldn’t put the clock back to an earlier age. Knowledge and (S4) (techniques) can’t just be forgotten. Nor can one prevent further advances in the future. Even if all government money for (S5) (research) were cut off (and the present government is doing its best), the (S6) (force)of competition would still bring about advances in technology. (S7) ____________
_____________________________, whether or not they are paid for it. The only way to prevent further developments would be a global state that suppressed anything new, and (S8) ______________________________________. All it would do is slow down the rate of change.
Part II Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 points)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please write the corresponding letter for each item on Paper 2. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
请将此题的答案做在试卷二上。

Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passage.
Ben Carson looked out at Detroit’s Southwestern High School class of 1988. It was graduation day. At 36, Carson was a leading brain surgeon, performing 1B and lifesaving
operations. But 19 years before, he had 2J from this same inner-city school. He remembered it all—the depressing surroundings of one of Detroit’s toughest, poorest neighborhoods. And he knew the sense of hopelessness and 3N that many of these 260 students were feeling about the future.
For weeks he had worried over how to convince the graduates that they, too, could 4E against seemingly impossible odds, and that they could move mountains. Now, standing to 5M the main address, he held up his hands. “See these?” he asked the students. “I didn’t always use them for surgery. When I was a little younger than you are, I often waved a knife with them to 6 F people. And I even tried to kill somebody.”
…
The students of Detroit’s Southwestern High sat 7K as Ben Carson described his life’s journey from an angry street fighter to an internationally 8D brain surgeon. “It’s important that you know there are many ways to go,” Dr. Carson told them. “Becoming a brain surgeon is perfectly possible. But you don’t have to be a surgeon. There are 9H everywhere. You just have to be willing to take 10A of them. Think big! Nobody was born to be a failure. If you feel you’
Section B
Directions: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
On the night of December 8, 1992, when he was standing in a parking lot talking to friends, Tracy Marsh jumped to the top of a car, as he had done a hundred times before. This time, though, Tracy lost his balance. His head struck the ground, hard.
All night, Cory, Tracy’s mother, stood next to her son, who was lying in a hospital bed, his brown eyes fixed in a lifeless stare. She remembered that Tracy had once mentioned organ donation. Maybe I can spare another family this pain, she thought. When the time came, she and her husband Bill signed the forms permitting Tracy’s organs to be donated.
Tracy was declared dead the next day. Twenty-four hours later, in a Boston hospital, Tracy’s liver was made part of my husband, David, who was suffering from a hopeless liver disease.
Months later, we learned from the local organ bank that the donor’s parents wished desperately to meet someone who had gained life through the gift from their son. A meeting was arranged by the organ bank to bring together two families linked by the most bittersweet ties
imaginable.
The meeting was risky, but worth it. We talked for 3 hours. They showed us a picture of Tracy. We learned for the first time how he had lived and died. We learned something about Bill and Cory too.
For the Marshes, seeing David and knowing he was well seemed to ease their suffering. I’ll never forget seeing David’s tall figure stooped over Cory, her arms around his waist, as a mother would hug a son. For a long time they held each other tight. It was hard to know if she was saying hello or good-bye. Maybe she was saying both.
21. We learn from the passage that Tracy died _____B__.
A. on December 8, 1992
B. of brain damage
C. 24 hours after he fell off the roof of a car
D. in a car crash
22. Tracy’s parents decided to donate Tracy’s organs because ____B___.
A. Tracy told them to do so just before he died
B. they wanted to save others the pain of seeing a dear one die
C. David’s life could continue in a meaningful way
D.they knew David was suffering from a hopeless liver disease
23. The meeting between the writer’s family and Tracy’s parents was arranged because ____C__.
A. the writer and her husband wished to express their thanks to Tracy’s parents
B. the local organ bank wanted to see how both families felt about the donation
C. Tracy’s parents wanted to see someone whose life had been saved by the donation
D. the two families were linked by the most bittersweet ties imaginable
24. The writer and her husband learned how Tracy died ___A____.
A. from his parents
B. from the organ bank
C. from the hospital
D. from the doctor who performed the operation
25. The meeting between the two families helped to ease the Marshes’ suffering because ___B___.
A. they saw that David looked very much like their son
B. they saw that David had regained health with Tracy’s liver
C. they had someone to share their memories of Tracy
D. they knew for sure they had done the right thing
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Technology, entrepreneurship (创业能力) and innovations are keywords that sum up the new era.
The internet is not just a technology, it is also about marketing. Companies which do not use the Net as a marketing tool will lose their competitiveness.
The function of information technology in marketing is more than just receiving orders on the Net. The Net offers a means of attracting clients by providing them information, something not possible in the past. It has changed the way of service and is more efficient and more capable of providing comprehensive customer service.
The Net has revolutionized the way companies are run. Electronic mail, for instance, has improved management efficiency tremendously. The traditional telephone conversations and face-to-face contacts could be easily interrupted and were inefficient. Now you need perhaps to spend just a couple of hours on e-mailing. Besides, it is now much easier to gather information to
help make the right decision.
The New Economy has also led to the mushrooming of IT or Internet-related firms as though the mere setting up of such a company is a guarantee of high profits. This means businesses must have good human resource management practices so as not to lose talented employees.
Technology is a tool and a change in mindset is required to do away with a hierarchical system. This is related to entrepreneurship and innovations. What is needed are people who can think independently. A flat organization reduces the layers of management. This is absolutely fine if every worker is capable of thinking and working on his own. But there are many who feel insecure when they can no longer rely on others. They will have to learn new mode of thinking.
26. According to the passage, if a company wants to win in the market, it should ____D___.
A. carry out reform policies
B. adopt advanced technology
C. compete with other enterprises
D. use the Internet as its marketing tool
27. In marketing, the use of the Internet can help businesses to ____C___.
A. identify their competitors
B. improve their products
C. provide comprehensive services
D. change their mindset
28. What is the largest benefit the Net has brought to the companies? B
A. It has made the greatest profits for them.
B. It has greatly improved their management.
C. It has helped cut short their human resources.
D. It has significantly changed their image.
29. From the passage we may say that ___B____.
A. any Internet-related firm is sure to make high profits
B. the development of IT is one of the results of the New Economy
C. businesses will lose talented employees if they do not use the Internet
D. a hierarchical system is good for developing new technology
30. What is the author’s attitude towards the flat organization without a hierarchical system? D
A. Indifferent.
B. Negative.
C. Neutral.
D. Positive.
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Although there had been an astonishing variety of small cameras developed in the 1880s, it was not until George Eastman introduced the Kodak in 1888 that the mass appeal of photography seized America and Europe and thereafter spread quickly to the far corners of the earth. Eastman called his now famous camera the Kodak for no particular reason except that he liked the word. It was easy to remember and could be pronounced in any language.
An immediate consequence of Eastman’s invention was a number of amateur（业余的）photographs that soon became known as snapshots. The word was borrowed from hunters’ jargon. When a hunter fired a gun from the hip, without taking careful aim, it was described as a snapshot. Photographers referred to the process of taking pictures as shooting, and they would take pride in a good day’s shoot the way country gentlemen would boast about the number of birds brought down in an afternoon.
The Kodak made photography not easy but fun. Almost overnight photography became one of the world’s most popular hobbies. A new and ubiquitous（普遍存在的）folk art was born; the showing of one’s latest pictures and creation of family albums became popular social pastimes.
Camera clubs and associations numbered their members in the millions. One amateur was the French novelist Emilie Zola, who took innumerable photographs of his family, friends, and travels. Interviewed about his favorite hobby in 1900, he observed, “In my opinion you cannot say you have thoroughly seen anything until you have got a photograph of it.”
“The little black box,”as the Kodak was affectionately dubbed, revolutionized the way people communicated. “A picture is worth a thousand words”was the claim and there were literally billions of pictures. In one year alone—1988, the centenary of the invention of the Kodak —it is estimated that close to thirty billion pictures were taken worldwide. Half of these, fifteen billion, were taken in the United States alone. The impact of the sale of photographic equipment on the economy is equally incredible.
Photography has played an essential role in the media revolution. It has vastly enhanced our ability to convey information, so that the concept of the global village has become a commonplace. Photographs have immediately extended our understanding of and compassion for our fellow human beings.
Did Mr. Eastman have the faintest idea of the power residing in his “little black box”?
31. What is the underlying significance of the invention of the Kodak？ C
A. It marked the beginning of manufacturing small cameras.
B. It met the need of photographers in America and Europe.
C. It made picture-taking suddenly popular among ordinary people.
D. It made the work of professionals more enjoyable.
32. As is explained in the passage, snapshots refer to ___A____.
A. informal pictures taken by unprofessional people
B. the shooting of birds by hunters
C. the whole process of taking pictures
D. pictures that were taken after careful preparation
33. Which of the following is the consequence brought about by the introduction of the Kodak?
D
A. The number of professional photographers increased quickly.
B. Family albums appeared out of blue.
C. Photography became much easier than ever before.
D. Camera clubs and associations flourished.
34. The word “centenary” (Paragraph 4, Line 3) most probably means ___B____.
A. celebration
B. one hundred years
C. a noteworthy year
D. an annual celebration
35. What does the last paragraph in the passage suggest? B
A. Mr. Eastman had realized the great effect his camera would have on the world.
B. Mr. Eastman didn’t expect his camera would produce such a great effect on the world.
C. Mr. Eastman did hope his camera would affect the world the way he expected.
D. Mr. Eastman was ambitious to expect his camera to have such an effect on the world.
Part III: Cloze (10 points)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose One answer that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Advertisers tend to think big. And perhaps this is why they’re always coming in for 36 . Their critics seem to 37 them. They say: “It’s unfair that this entirely 38 industry should absorb millions of pounds each year. Why don’t they stop advertising and 39 the price?”
But we get the 40 idea if we think the only 41 of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods 42 largely from the advertisements we read. 43 you wanted to buy a washing-machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details 44 performance, price etc. from an advertisement.
Lots of people pretend that they 45 read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously 46 . It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. Just think 47 a railway station or a newspaper would be like 48 advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a 49 wall or reading railway bye-laws while waiting for a train?
We must not forget that advertising makes a positive 50 to our pockets. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programs is 51 entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Another thing we mustn’t forget is the “small ads”, which are in 52 every newspaper and magazine and perform a useful service for the community! 53 , you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death, but by far the most 54 section is the personal column. 55 item in a newspaper offers such a deep insight into human nature.
36. A. appreciation B. exception C. criticism D. distinction
C 批评
37. A. discard B. resent C. violate D. consent B 讨厌
38. A. unsuccessful B. unproductive C. unauthorized D. unconscious B非生产性
39. A. reduce B. weaken C. increase D. maintain A
40. A. best B. clear C. unknown D. wrong
D 错误的
41. A. way B. cause C. problem D. purpose D目的
42. A. derive B. derives C. derived D. deriving B推导
43. A. Supposing B. In case C. As D. Once A 假如
44. A. relating B. related C. regarding D. regarded C 关于
45. A. generally B. occasionally C. often D. never D从来没有
46. A. cheated B. doubted C. neglected D. deprived B怀疑
47. A. when B. which C. what D. that C
48. A. in B. by C. without D. regardless C
49. A. whole B. natural C. blare D. blank D空白
50. A. distribution B. attribution C. contribution D. convenience C贡献
51. A. due B. owe C. depending D. coming A由于
52. A. barely B. accordingly C. equally D. virtually
D 几乎
53. A. For instance B. However C. Possibly D. Likewise A例如
54. A. imaginary B. fascinating C. understanding D. exciting B迷人的
55. A. Some other B. Any other C. No other D. The other C没有其他
广告商总是雄心勃勃(想得很大。

),也许这就是为什么他们老挨36。

参考译文:他们的批评者似乎37他们。

他们说:“这太不公平了。

这完全是38产业应吸收几百万英镑每年。

为什么他们不停止广告,39价格吗?”
但我们得到40想法如果我们认为广告的唯一41就是卖东西。

另一个同等重要的作用是提供信息。

大量的我们所拥有的知识关于家用商品的广告42很大程度上是由我们读。

43你想买一台洗衣机,它可能比你将得到44性能、价格等细节从一个广告。

很多人假装他们45看广告,但这种说法很值得46。

几乎是不可能不去读广告,这些天。

只是觉得47个车站和报纸将会像48个广告。

你会享受凝视着一个49墙或阅读铁路规范性文件在等待火车?
我们不可忘记,广告进行了实证50到自己的腰包。

这个事实,我们付这么点钱买日报,或是可以享受到这么多节目是51完全所花的钱的广告商。

另一件我们不能忘记的就是“小广告”,都是在每天的报纸和杂志,52岁的执行一个有用的服务为社区!53岁的时候,你可以找到一份工作,买或卖房子,宣布一项出生、结婚和死亡,但迄今为止最54区是由私人股份有限公司很多人假装他们45看广告,但这种说法很值得46。

几乎是不可能不去读广告,这些天。

只是觉得47个车站和报纸将会像48个广告。

你会享受凝视着一个49墙或阅读铁路规范性文件在等待火车?。