《英语词汇学 》复习资料

《英语词汇学》复习资料1

Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks.

Directions: Complete the following statements with proper words.

1.The 1 is the smallest functioning unit in the composition of words.

2. 2 are words borrowed early in the past and now are well assimilated into

the English language.

3.The problem of interrelation of the various meanings of the same word can be

dealt with from two different angles: 3 approach and synchronic approach.

4.“Mal-”in “maltreat”is a 4 prefix, while “inter-”in “interstate”is a 5

prefix.

5.Old English is described as a language of full endings, Middle English language

of 6 endings, and a language of 7 endings.

6.In modern English, one may find some 8 words whose sounds suggest

their meaning, for these words were created by imitating the natural sounds or noises.

7.The word meaning is made up of 9 meaning and 10 meaning, and

the later has two components: conceptual meaning and 11 meaning.

8.Words that have emotive values may fall into two categories: appreciative or

12 .

9.13 is thought to be the opposite process of suffixation.

10.14 is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a

word plus a part of another word.

11.15 refers to the jargon of criminals. Its use is confined to the sub-cultural

groups, and outsiders can hardly understand it.

12.“Pretty”and “handsome”share the same 16 meaning，but differ in 17

meaning.

13.___18___analysis is a process of breaking down the sense of a word into its

minimal components which are also known as semantic features..

14.Radiation and 19 are the two coinages which the development of word

meaning follows from monosemy to polysemy.

15.20 deals with the relationship of inclusion, i.e. the meaning of a more specific

word is included in that of another more general word.

Ⅱ. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for “true”and F for “false”.

1.Homonyms are descendants of different sources whereas a polysemant is a word

of the same source which has acquired different meanings in the course of development.

2.Words of the basic word stock are mostly root words or monosyllabic words, so

they have strong productivity.

3.“Can-opener” used as slang to mean “all-purpose key”.

4.Native words are neutral in style.

5.The Indo-European language family is made up of most languages of Europe, the

Far East, and India.

6.Borrowing has played a vital role in the development of English vocabulary,

particularly in earlier times.

7.The smallest functioning unit in the composition of words is morpheme.

8.Stem is a form to which affixes of any kind can be added.

9.Base is what remains of a word after the removal of all affixes.

10.Words created by compounding occupy the highest percentage of the English

vocabulary.

11.“Fore-”in “forehead”and “fore-”in “foreknowledge”belong to two kinds of

prefix.

12.Word-building and word-formation are relative synonyms.

13.The word manusc ript which originally denotes “handwriting” only has undergone

a process of extension of meaning.

14.Parent—child and husband—wife are two pairs of converses.

15.Policeman, constable, bobby and cop are synonyms differing in intensity.

Ⅲ. Answer the following questions briefly.

1.What are the characteristics of the basic word stock?

2.Why are prefixes and suffixes divided according to different criteria?

3.List the four sources of synonyms.

4.What are the characteristics of conceptual meaning and associative meaning? Ⅳ. Answer the following questions according to the requirement.

Classify the three pairs of antonyms according to types of antonyms you have learned and describe the characteristics of each type of them.

interviewer/interviewee; male/female; old /young