语言学否定前缀的文献综述

Literature Review

C08英语（3）班赵雁081323327

The term morphology was coined by August Schleicher in 1859. In linguistics, morphology is the identification, analysis and description of the structure of a given language's morphemes and other linguistic units, such as words, affixes, parts of speech, intonation/stress, or implied context . However, English acquisition is a difficult part in English learning, for the vocabulary is very large and it is enlarged continuously with the rapid development of modern society. No matter how large the English vocabulary is, words are formed according to certain word-formation rules. Affix knowledge is considered to be an important aspect of vocabulary knowledge. It plays an important part in vocabulary development and reading. The master of affix is of great importance to both language teaching and language learning. Affix knowledge contributes to determining how well a learner reads new words. Thus, the English learners must master the rules in word-formation so well that they can use and remember the vocabulary fluently. Through two months’ efforts in searching, collecting and reading an abundance of scholars and professors’ literature concerning the usage of negative prefixes in morphological aspects , I made a detail analysis of the morphology and created the following essay which summoned up the essence of the negative prefixes used in the BNC corpus.

Morphology by Matthews demonstrates the definition of morphology in the modern social life from many aspects. The paper points out that the morphology has many meanings. Words are usually treated as the basic and minimal units of a language to make sentences, which are combinations of words according to syntactic rules. Structurally, however, a word is not the smallest unit because many words can be separated into even smaller meaningful units. These minimal meaningful units are known as morphemes. Since the morphology can develop the people’s knowledge and good values, it is quite important for the researchers to study on it. In this sense, good

academic knowledge in the study is a part of the tough task. This paper offers much practical ideas for me to think about the meaning of the research on the negative prefixes. Morphemes vary in functions. Accordingly, we can classify morphemes into several general categories: free versus bound, derivational versus inflectional, and lexical versus grammatical. However, their boundaries are not as clear-cut as they appear to be due to some overlapping. For the sake of discussion, we shall define each type in terms of its characteristics.The negative prefixes that the essay researched here are under the circumstances of morphology. It is quite significant for me to start my paper.

English V ocabulary Learning Course by Zhang Weiyou is a book that points out a large number of views on word formation. The word itself is an elusive notion, which needs immediate consideration. The relationship between words and vocabulary, between sound and meaning, and between sound and form demands explanation as well. Language is not a fixed list of words but a growing and developing store, which is quite formidable. However, the huge unstable vocabulary of English can be classified into a few manageable categories by different criteria. This is also part of our concern. The expansion of vocabulary in modern English depends chiefly on word formation. There is a variety of means being at work now. According to Pyles and Algeo, words produced through affixation constitute 30% to 40% of the total number of new words. Affixation is generally defined as the formation of words by adding word-formation or derivational affixes to bases. This process is also known as derivation, by which new words are derived from old or base forms. The words created in this way are called derivatives. According to the positions affixes occupy in words, affixation falls into two subcategories: prefixation and suffixation. Prefixation is the formation of new words by adding prefixes to bases. Prefixes do not generally change the word-class of the base but only modify its meaning. For convenience of study, we shall present prefixes on a semantic basis, that is, we shall group prefixes into semantic sets, each consisting of all the major prefixes that have similar meaning and functions. At the same time, the author exactly gives a complete theory of word-formation. It makes me have a better understanding of